Umlutha we-Cybersex: Ukuvuswa kwezesondo malunga nolwazi xa ubukela iphonografi kwaye ungaboniswanga ngoobomi bezocansi kwenza ukubahluko (2013)

IINKCUKACHA: Isifundo sifumene iminqweno ebangelwa kukukhanuka, efanayo neziyobisi, kuqikelelwa ukuba likhoboka leziyobisi. Ngokuchasene nenkolelo edumileyo, ukungonelisi ngobomi bezesondo kwakungekho lungelelwaniso ukuxhatshazwa koonwabo. Ukuxhasa i-hypothesis yokuxhaswa kuthetha ukuziphatha okuxhatshazwayo ekuthandeni umlutha okhethiweyo.


ILaier, C., Pawlikowski, M., Pekal, J., Schulte, FP, kunye noBrand, M. (2013). 

Umbhalo weMilo yoLungiso.

PDF

Abstract

Imvelaphi kunye neenjongo

Ukugqithiswa kwe-Cybersex kuxoxwa ngokuphikisana, ngelixa ubungqina obunobungqina obuninzi bukhoyo. Ngokubhekiselele kwiindlela zalo zophuhliso kunye nokugcinwa kweBrand et al. (2011) zicinga ukuba ukuqiniswa ngenxa ye-intanethi kufuneka kuholele ekuphuhlisweni kwe-cue-reactivity kunye nokuthanda ukuchaza ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukusebenzisa i-intanethi ngokubhekiselele ekukhuleni kodwa kuhoywa imiphumo emibi. Ukuxhasa le ngcamango, kwenziwa izifundo ezimbini zokuhlola.

tindlela

Kwindlela yokuqhelana ne-XIUMX ye-100 yaboniswa kubafundi kunye nezibonakaliso zokuvusa isondo kunye nokuthanda kwabo bavavanywa. Uphononongo lokuqala lujolise ekuboniseni iziganeko zokuxilwa kwe-cybersex kwi-sampuli yokuqhawula ngokukhululekileyo ye-171 yindoda engatshatanga. Injongo yesifundo sesibini kwakukuqinisekisa ubungqina bokufundwa kokuqala ngokuthelekisa impilo (n = 25) kunye nabasebenzisi be-cyber (n = 25) engxaki (n = XNUMX).

iziphumo

Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba izalathisi zesondo zovuko kunye nokukhanga kwiinkcukacha zoononophala ze-intanethi ezichazwe ukutyekela kwi-inthanethi kwi-intanethi kwisifundo sokuqala. Ngaphezu koko, kuboniswe ukuba abasebenzisi beengxaki zoxilongo ngeengxaki ze-intanethi bavakalisa ukuvuthwa okukhulu ngokwesondo kunye nokuthanda kwabo kubangelwa ukunikezwa koonwabo. Kwizifundo zombini, inamba kunye nemigangatho kunye noonobumba bezonxibelelwano zangokwezesini zobomi abazange bahlobaniswe noxilongo lwe-cybersex.

ingxoxo

Iziphumo zixhasa ukuxhaswa kwezinto zokuzikhusela, ezithatha ukuqiniswa, iindlela zokufunda, nokuthanda ukuba iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo ekuphuhliseni nasekugcinweni kokulutha kwe-cybersex. Ukungahambi kakuhle okanye ukungaqiniseki olwabelana ngesondo kunye noonxibelelwano be-sexlife abakwazi ukuchaza ngokufanelekileyo ukunyaniseka kwe-cybersex.

isiphelo

Ukuqiniswa ngokufanelekileyo ngokwemigangatho yokugcoba kudlala indima enkulu ekukhuseleni i-cybersex.

Ucaphulo

Yazi ngoku, BA, Desmond, JE, Banner, LL, Glover, GH, Solomon, A., Polan, ML, Lue, TF kunye neAtlas, SW (2002). Ukusebenza kobuchopho kunye nokuvuseleleka ngokwesondo kwimpilo, amadoda athandanayo. ingqondo, 125, 1014-1023.

 [CrossRef]UBharak, A., Fisher, WA, Belfry, S. kunye noLashambe, D. (1999). Ukwabelana ngesondo, abafana, kunye ne-cyberpace: Iziphumo zoononografi kwi-Intanethi kunye nolwahluko phakathi kwesimo sengqondo samadoda ngabafazi. Umbhalo we-Psychology and Sexuality, 11, 63-91.

 [CrossRef]IBerridge, KC, Robinson, TE kunye neAldridge, JW (2009). Ukulahla izinto zomvuzo: "Ukuthanda", "ukufuna", kunye nokufunda. Iingcamango zangoku kwi-Pharmacology, 9, 65-73.

 [CrossRef]Vimba, iJJ (2008). Iingxaki ze-DSM-V: Ukulutha kwe-Intanethi. I-American Journal ye-Psychiatry, 165, 306-307.

 [CrossRef]Brand, M., Laier, C., Pawlikowski, M., Schächtle, U., Schöler, T. & Altstötter-Gleich, C. (2011). Ukubukela imifanekiso engamanyala kwi-Intanethi: Indima yokulinganisa ngokwesondo kunye neempawu zengqondo kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo ekusebenziseni kakhulu iisayithi zesini kwi-Intanethi. I-CyberPsychology, Ukuziphatha kunye neNtlalo yeNtlalo, 14, 371-377.

 [CrossRef]IBraus, D., Wrase, J., Grüsser, S., Hermann, D., Ruf, M., Flor, H., Mann, K. & Heinz, A. (2001). Inkuthazo enxulumene notywala isebenze kwi-ventral striatum kwiziselo ezinxilisayo. Umbhalo weTransmission Transmission, 108, 887-894.

 [CrossRef]UBrown, JD kunye no-L'Engle, KL (2008). Ukalwe nge-X: Isimo sengqondo sokuziphatha ngokwesini kunye nokuziphatha okunxulunyaniswa nokuvezwa kwabakwishumi elivisayo base-US kwimithombo yeendaba ezibonisa ngesondo. Umbhalo we-Geriatric Psychiatry ne-Neurology, 36, 129-151.

Caplan, SE (2002). Ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi kunye nenhlalakahle yengqondo yengqondo: Ukuphuhlisa isicatshulwa esisekelwe kwisingqinisiso-yokuziphatha. Iikhomputha zoLuntu, 18, 553-575.

 [CrossRef] Cohen, J. (1992). I-primer yamandla. I-Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155-159.

 [CrossRef]ICohen, J., Cohen, P., West, SG kunye neAiken, LS (2003). Ukusetyenziswa kohlaziyo oluninzi lokuhlaziya / ukulungiswa kwezesayensi yokuziphatha. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Cooper, A., Delmonico, D., Griffin-Shelley, E. kunye noMathy, R. (2004). Umsebenzi wesondo okwi-Intanethi: Uviwo lweendlela zokuziphatha ezinokuba yingxaki. Ukunyanzelwa ngokwesondo kunye nokunyanzelwa, 11, 129-143.

 [CrossRef]Umdibaniso, A., McLoughlin, IP kunye neCampbell, KM (2000). Ukwabelana ngesondo kwi-cyberpace: Uhlaziyo lwe-21st century. ICyber-Psychology kunye nokuziphatha, 3, 521-536.

 [CrossRef] Umdibaniso, A., Scherer, CR, Boies, SC kunye neGordon, BL (1999). Ukwabelana ngesondo kwi-Intanethi: Ukusuka ekuhloleni ngokwesondo ukuya kwintetho yentsholongwane. I-Psychology yezobugcisa: uPhando kunye nokuSebenza, 30, 154-164.

 [CrossRef]Ukubuyela umva, K., Cooper, A. & Månsson, S.-A. (2005). Isifundo se-Intanethi sabathathi-nxaxheba kwi-cybersex. Uvimba woLuntu, 34, 321-328.

 [CrossRef]UDavis, R. (2001). Inkqubo yokuziphatha kwengqondo ye-intanethi. Iikhomputha zoLuntu, 17, 187-195.

 [CrossRef]Döring, NM (2009). Impembelelo ye-intanethi kwisini: Ukuhlaziywa ngokutsha kwe-15 yeminyaka yophando. Iikhomputha zoLuntu, 25, 1089-1101.

 [CrossRef]Garavan, H., Pankiewicz, J. & Bloom, A. (2000). Umnqweno we-cocaine obangelwa yi-cue: Ukucaciswa kwe-Neuroanatomical yabasebenzisi beziyobisi kunye nokukhuthaza iziyobisi. I-American Journal ye-Psychiatry, 157, 1789-1798.

 [CrossRef]UGarcia, FD kunye noThobaut, F. (2010). Iziyobisi. I-American Journal yeDrug and Alcohol Abuse, 36, 254-260.

 [CrossRef]IGeorgiadis, JR kunye neKringelbach, ML (2012). Umjikelo wokuphendula ngesondo: Ubungqina bokucinga ngobuchopho obudibanisa isini nezinye iziyolo. Inkqubela phambili kwi-Neurobiology, 98, 49-81.

 [CrossRef]UGoodson, P., McCormick, D. kunye no-Evans, A. (2001). Ukukhangela izinto ezibonisa ngokwesondo kwi-Intanethi: Uphononongo lokuhlola lokuziphatha kwabafundi beekholeji kunye nokuziphatha kwabo. Uvimba woLuntu, 30, 101-118.

 [CrossRef]IGoudriaan, AE, De Ruiter, MB, Van den Brink, W., Oosterlaan, J. & Veltman, DJ (2010). Iipateni zokusebenzisa ubuchopho ezinxulunyaniswa nokusebenza kwe-cue kunye nokunqwenela ukungcakaza okungafunekiyo, ukutshaya okunzima kunye nolawulo olusempilweni: Isifundo se-fMRI. Ubunzima beBilo, 15, 491-503.

 [CrossRef]Isibonelelo, i-JE, iBrewer, iJA kunye nePotenza, MN (2006). I-neurobiology yeziyobisi kunye nokuziphatha kweziyobisi. I-CNS Spectrum, 11, 924-930.

Ngwevu, KM, LaRowe, SD kunye ne-Upadhyaya, HP (2008). Ukusebenza kwakhona kweCue kubantu abancinci abatshayayo intsangu: Uphando lokuqala. I-Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 22, 582-586.

 [CrossRef]IGriffiths, M. (2000). Ngaba i-intanethi kunye nekhomputha yekhomputha "ikhona"? Olunye ubungqina bokufunda. ICyberPsychology kunye nokuziphatha, 3, 211-218.

 [CrossRef]IGriffiths, M. (2001). Ukwabelana ngesondo kwi-intanethi: Ukujonga kunye nempembelelo yokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini. Umbhalo woPhando loSondo, 38, 333-342.

 [CrossRef]IGrov, C., Gillespie, BJ, Royce, T. kunye neLever, J. (2011). Iziphumo ezibonwayo zezinto ezenziwa ngokwesondo kwi-Intanethi kubudlelwane obubodwa: Uvavanyo olwenziwa kwi-Intanethi e-US. Uvimba woLuntu, 40, 429-439.

 [CrossRef]Grüsser, SM, Wrase, J., Klein, S., Hermann, D., Smolka, MN, Ruf, M., Weber-Fahr, W., Flor, H., Mann, K., Braus, DF kunye noHeinz. , A. (2004). I-cue-activ activation ye-striatum kunye ne-medial preortal cortex inxulunyaniswa nokubuyela umva kwiziselo ezinxilisayo. Psychopharmacology, 175, 296-302.

 [CrossRef]Hald, GM kunye neMalamuth, NM (2008). Iziphumo ozibonayo zokusebenzisa iphonografi. Uvimba woLuntu, 37, 614-625.

 [CrossRef]IHoffmann, H., Janssen, E. kunye noTurner, SL (2004). Imeko yeklasikhi yokuvuselela inkanuko yesini kwabasetyhini nakumadoda: Iziphumo zokungafani kolwazi kunye nokubaluleka kwebhayoloji yesimo esimiselweyo. Uvimba woLuntu, 33, 43-53.

 [CrossRef]Holden, C. (2010). Iimpawu zokuziphatha eziphambili kwi-DSM-V. inzululwazi, 327, 935.

 [CrossRef]IHolstege, G., Georgiadis, JR, Paans, AMJ, Meiners, LC, Van der Graaf, FHCE kunye neReinders, AATS (2003). Ukusebenza kobuchopho ngexesha lokuchama kwendoda. Journal of Neuroscience, 23, 9185-9193.

IHyman, SE, Malenka, RC kunye neNestler, EJ (2006). Iindlela ze-Neural zokulutha: Indima yokufunda okunxulumene nomvuzo kunye nenkumbulo. Ukuhlaziywa koNyaka kwe-Neuroscience, 29, 565-598.

 [CrossRef]Imhoff, R., Schmidt, AF, Nordsiek, U., Luzar, C., Mncinci, AW & Banse, R. (2010). Ukujonga ixesha lokuphinda kuhlaziywe: Ukuphendula okungapheliyo kokujolisa ekujoliseni ngokwesondo phantsi kweemeko zomsebenzi ezithintelweyo Uvimba woLuntu, 39, 1275-1288.

 [CrossRef]IKelley, i-AE kunye neBerridge, KC (2002). I-neuroscience yemivuzo yendalo: Ukubaluleka kweziyobisi ezichasayo. Journal of Neuroscience, 22, 3306-3311.

I-Kim, EJ, Namkoong, K., Ku, T. kunye neKim, SJ (2008). Ubudlelwane phakathi komlutha we-Intanethi kunye nobukrakra, ukuzeyisa kunye neempawu zobuntu bokuziphatha kakubi. I-European Psychiatry, 23, 212-218.

 [CrossRef]UKlucken, T., Schweckendiek, J., Merz, CJ, Tabbert, K., Walter, B., Kagerer, S., Vaitl, D. & Stark, R. (2009). Ukusebenza kwe-Neural kokufunyanwa kwemeko evuselela inkanuko yesini: Iziphumo zokuqonda okungalunganga kunye nokwabelana ngesondo. Umbhalo Wezobisi Zosondo, 6, 3071-3085.

 [CrossRef]U-Ko, uC. F. Kunye noChen, uC. (2009). Imisebenzi yobuchopho enxulunyaniswa nomnqweno wemidlalo wokulutha kwi-Intanethi. Umbhalo woPhando lwezeMpilo, 43, 739-747.

 [CrossRef]IKoob, GF kunye neVolkow, ND (2010). I-Neurocircuitry yeziyobisi. Neuropsychopharmacology, 35, 217-238.

 [CrossRef]UKuss, uDJ kunye noGriffiths, MD (2011). Iziyobisi ezenziwa kwi-Intanethi: Ukuphononongwa kophando olunamandla. Iziyobisi Uphando kunye nethiyori, 116, 1-14.

ILaier, C., Pawlikowski, M. kunye neBrand, M. (yamkelwe kusalindwe uhlaziyo oluncinci). Ukulungiswa kwemifanekiso yezesondo kuphazamisa ukwenziwa kwezigqibo phantsi kokungaziwa. Uvimba woLuntu.

ILaier, C., Schulte, FP kunye neBrand, M. (2012). Ukulungiswa kwemifanekiso engamanyala kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwememori yokusebenza. Umbhalo woPhando loSondo, UEpub ngaphambi kokushicilela, yi-doi: 10.1080 / 00224499.2012.716873

 [CrossRef]ILalumiere, ML kunye neQuinsey, VL (1998). Isimo sePavlovian semidla yesini emadodeni angabantu. Uvimba woLuntu, 27, 241-252.

 [CrossRef]IMacapagal, KR, Janssen, E., Fridberg, BS, Finn, R. & Heiman, JR (2011). Iziphumo zokuxhokonxwa, ukuvuseleleka ngokwesondo, kunye nokukwazi ukuqonda kwengqondo ekusebenzeni kwamadoda nabasetyhini ukuya / ukungahambi. Uvimba woLuntu, 40, 995-1006.

 [CrossRef]UMartin-Soelch, C., uLinthicum, uJ & Ernst, M. (2007). Isimo sokuchaphazeleka: Iziseko ze-Neural kunye nefuthe lesifo sengqondo. I-Neuroscience kunye noPhononongo lweNdalo, 31, 426-440.

 [CrossRef]UMeerkerk, G.-J., uVan den Eijnden, uRJJM kunye noGarretsen, uHFL (2006). Ukuxela kwangaphambili ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwe-Intanethi: Konke malunga nokwabelana ngesondo! ICyberPsychology kunye nokuziphatha, 9, 95-103.

 [CrossRef]UParker, AB kunye noGilbert, DG (2008). Umsebenzi wobuchopho ngexesha lokulindela imifanekiso enxulumene nokutshaya kunye neemvakalelo ezithandekayo kubantu abatshayayo nakwabo bangatshayiyo: Umlinganiso omtsha wokuphinda usebenze kwakhona. Uphando lweNicotine kunye noTuba, 10, 1627-1631.

 [CrossRef]UPawulos, B. (2009). Ukuqaphela ukusetyenziswa kweepopayi ze-intanethi kunye nokuvusa: Inendima yokuhlukahluka komntu ngamnye. Umbhalo woPhando loSondo, 46, 1-14.

 [CrossRef]UPaul, T., uSchiffer, B., uZwarg, T., Krüger, THC, Karama, S., Schedlowski, M., Forsting, M. & Gizewski, ER (2008). Impendulo yobuchopho kwimibono yesini ebonakalayo kumadoda athandana nabantu besini esahlukileyo. Imephu yeBongo yoBuntu, 29, 726-735.

 [CrossRef]IPawlikowski, M., Altstötter-Gleich, C. kunye noBrand, M. (2013). Ukuqinisekiswa kunye neepropometri zepropathi emfutshane yovavanyo lwaseJamani kwi-Intanethi. Iikhomputha zoLuntu, 29, 1212-1223.

 [CrossRef]IPawlikowski, M. kunye neBrand, M. (2011). Ukudlala ngokugqithileyo kwi-Intanethi kunye nokwenza izigqibo: Ngaba abadlali abagqithisileyo beWarcraft banengxaki ekuthathweni kwezigqibo phantsi kweemeko ezinobungozi? Uphando loPhando, 188, 428-433.

 [CrossRef]Potenza, MN (2006). Ngaba ukukhathazeka komlutha kubandakanya izimo ezingahambelani nomsebenzi? likhoboka, 101, 142-151.

 [CrossRef]Potenza, MN (2008). I-neurobiology ye-pathological gaming and drug addiction: Ukujonga ngokubanzi kunye neziphumo ezintsha. Intsebenzo yefilosofi yeRoyal Society yaseLondon Series B, 363, 3181-3189.

 [CrossRef]URedouté, J., Stoléru, S., Grégoire, M.-C., Costes, N., Cinotti, L., Lavenne, F., Le Bars, D., Ihlathi, MG kunye nePujol, J.-F. (2000). Ukulungiswa kwengqondo kwimibono yesini ebonakalayo kumadoda angamadoda. Imephu yeBongo yoBuntu, 11, 162-177.

 [CrossRef]Reid, RC, Garos, S., Carpenter, BN kunye noColeman, E. (2011). Ukufumanisa okumangazayo okunxulumene nolawulo oluphezulu kwisampulu yesigulana yamadoda axhatshazwayo. Umbhalo Wezobisi Zosondo, 8, 2227-2236.

 [CrossRef]Ukwehla, K., Byers, ES kunye noWalsh, L. (2011). Amava ezinto ezenziwa ngesondo kwi-Intanethi zabafundi abatshatileyo: Ukufana ngokwesini kunye nolwahluko. Uvimba woLuntu, 40, 419-427.

 [CrossRef]Mfutshane, MB, Mnyama, L., Smith, AH, Wetterneck, CT & Wells, DE (2012). Uphengululo lwephonografi lisebenzisa uphando: Indlela kunye nomxholo kwiminyaka eyi-10 edlulileyo. I-Cyber-Psychology, Ukuziphatha, kunye neNtlalo yeNtlalo, 15, 13-23.

 [CrossRef] Inkwenkwezi Star, K., Schlereth, B., Domaß, D., Schöler, T. & Brand, M. (2012). Ukusebenza kwakhona kweCue ngokubhekisele kwiindlela zokuthenga kubathathi-nxaxheba ababhinqileyo. Umbhalo weMilo yoLungiso, 1, 1-6.

 [CrossRef]UStulhofer, A., uBasko, V. kunye noLandripet, I. (2010). Imifanekiso engamanyala, ubudlelwane boluntu ngokwesondo, kunye nokwoneliseka kwabafana abancinci. Uvimba woLuntu, 39, 168-178.

 [CrossRef]UThalemann, R., Wölfling, K. kunye noGrüsser, SM (2007). Ukusebenza kwakhona kwe-cue ekhethekileyo kwiikhompyuter ezinxulumene nomdlalo kwiikhompyuter ezigqithisileyo. I-Neuroscience, 121, 614-618.

 [CrossRef]Weinstein, A. kunye neLejoyeux, M. (2010). Iziyobisi ezikwi-Intanethi okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwe-Intanethi. I-American Journal yeDrug and Alcohol Abuse, 36, 277-283.

 [CrossRef]I-Whitty, MT kunye neQuigley, L.-L. (2008). Ukungathembeki ngokweemvakalelo nangokwesondo ngaphandle kweintanethi nakwi-intanethi. Umbhalo woLwabiwo lomtshato kunye nosapho, 34, 461-468.

 [CrossRef]IWidyanto, L. kunye neGriffiths, M. (2006). "Iziyobisi ezenziwa kwi-Intanethi": Uphengululo olubalulekileyo. I-International Journal yeMpilo yengqondo kunye noMlingo, 4, 31-51.

 [CrossRef]Wightman, RM kunye noRobinson, DL (2002). Utshintsho lwethutyana kwi-mesolimbic dopamine kunye nokunxulumana kwabo "nomvuzo". Journal of Neurochemistry, 82, 721-735.

 [CrossRef]Ubulumko, RA (2002). Ubungakanani bemivuzo yesiphaluka: Iinkcazelo ezivela kwizikhuthazo ezingenakufumana. Neuron, 36, 229-240.

 [CrossRef]Yang, Z., Xie, J., Shao, Y.-C., Xie, C.-M., Fu, L.-P., Li, D. -J., uFan, uM, Ma, uL. . & Uli S.-J. (2009). Iimpendulo ezinamandla ze-neural kwi-cue-reactivity paradigms kubasebenzisi abaxhomekeke kwi-heroin: Isifundo se-fMRI. Imephu yeBongo yoBuntu, 30, 766-775.

 [CrossRef]Intsha, i-KS (2004). Umlutha we-intanethi: Inkqubo entsha yekliniki nemiphumo yayo. Scientific Practice of Scientist, 48, 402-415.

 [CrossRef]Intsha, i-KS (2008). Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini: Iimeko zobungozi, izigaba zokuphuhliswa, kunye nonyango. Scientific Practice of Scientist, 52, 21-37.

 [CrossRef]Umncinci, KS, Pistner, M., O'Mara, J. & Buchanan, J. (1999). Ukuphazamiseka kwi-cyber: Inkxalabo yezempilo yengqondo ye-millennium entsha. ICyberPsychology kunye nokuziphatha, 2, 475-479.

 [CrossRef]