URichard B. Krueger*
INGXELO: 10.1111 / yongeza.13366
Internet: Bumlutha wokuziphatha; ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha ngokwesondo okunyanzelekileyo; DSM-5; ukuziphatha kwe-hypersexual; ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual; ICD-10; ICD-11; ngaphandle kolawulo lokuziphatha ngokwesondo; umlutha wesondo
Ukuxilongwa okunokuthi kubhekiselele ekuziphatheni ngokwesondo okunyanzelekileyo kufakwe kwi-DSM kunye ne-ICD iminyaka kwaye ngoku kunokufunyaniswa ngokusemthethweni e-United States usebenzisa zombini i-DSM-5 kunye ne-ICD-10 yokuxilonga ikhowudi yakutshanje. Ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha ngokwesondo okunyanzelekileyo kuthathelwa ingqalelo kwi-ICD-11.
Kraus okqhubekayo. wabhala ukuba ukuxilongwa kokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesondo kwakuqwalaselwa ukuba kufakwe kwi-ICD-11 kwaye yabona ukuba ukuxilongwa kwe-hypersexual disorder yanqatshwa yi-American Psychiatric Association (APA) ukuba ifakwe kwi-DSM-5 [1]. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuxilongwa okunokuthi kubhekiselele ekuziphatheni okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesondo kufakwe kwi-DSM ukususela kwi-DSM-III yapapashwa kwi-1980. [2], kunye ne-ICD ekubeni yongeza okokuqala ulwahlulo olubandakanya ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye ne-ICD-6 kwi-1948. [3]. Kwi-DSM-IV kunye ne-DSM-IV-TR, ukuxilongwa 'kweengxaki zesini ezingachazwanga ngenye indlela [NOS]' (302.9) zifakiwe; oku kwavumela ukuxilongwa okubandakanya ukuziphatha kwe-hypersexual [4]. Kwi-ICD-6 kunye ne-7 igama elithi 'pathological sexity' libandakanyiwe [5, 6]; kwi-ICD-8, igama elithi 'ukutenxa ngokwesondo okungachazwanga', okubandakanya 'i-pathological sexity NOS' ibandakanyiwe. [7]. Kwi-ICD-9, epapashwe ngo-1975, kwaye isetyenziswa ngamazwe amaninzi ngaphandle kwe-United States, olu luhlu luqhubekile 'njengokutenxa ngokwesondo kunye nokuphazamiseka, okungachazwanga'. [8]. Kwi-ICD-9-CM (ukuguqulwa kwekliniki), uhlelo olupapashwe ngokukodwa kwi-United States eyaqala ukusetyenziswa kwi-1989, 'i-psychosexual disorder engachazwanga'. [9], yaqukwa. Zombini ezi zixilongo zinekhowudi yokuxilonga engu-302.9.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, nangona i-hypersexual disorder yaliwe yi-American Psychiatric Association ye-DSM-5 [10], ngomhla we-1 ngo-Oktobha i-2015 ukusetyenziswa kweekhowudi zokuxilonga ze-ICD-10 yaba yinyanzeliso e-United States, eyenza ukuba ixilongwe. Ezi khowudi zibandakanyiwe kubabiki kunye nombhalo ongwevu kwi-DSM-5 ecaleni kwekhowudi ye-DSM-9-CM eboniswe ngombhalo ongqindilili. [11]. Kwi-ICD-10, udidi 'lokuqhuba ngokwesondo ngokugqithisileyo' luqukiwe njenge-F52.7; olu didi, olubonisa isigama esinomhla kunye ne-pejorative, yile: ([12], iphe. I-194):
'Amadoda nabasetyhini ngamanye amaxesha banokukhalaza ngokugqithiswa kwesondo njengengxaki ngokwayo, ngokwesiqhelo ngexesha lokufikisa okanye ebuntwini obukhulu. Xa i-drive yesondo ngokugqithiseleyo ikwisibini kwi-affective disorder (F30-F39), okanye xa isenzeka ngexesha lokuqala lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo (F00-F03), ingxaki ephantsi kufuneka ifakwe ikhowudi. Ndakanya: nymphomania satyriasis.'
'Uhlengahlengiso lwezonyango' lwe-WHO ICD-10 lwapapashwa eUnited States njenge-ICD-10-CM [13] kwi-2016. Ikhowudi yokuxilonga ye-excessive drive drive, i-F52.7, 'yachithwa' ukuba isetyenziswe e-United States xa i-ICD-10-CM yalungiswa ekuqaleni ekupheleni kwe-1990s. [14]. Ikhowudi ecetyiswayo, ngokwe-ICD-10-CM index, yi-F52.8, eyikhowudi 'yokunye ukungasebenzi ngokwesondo kungekhona ngenxa yezinto okanye imeko eyaziwayo ye-physiological'; Imiqathango yokubandakanywa 'ye-excessive sex drive', 'nymphomania' kunye ne-'satyriasis' zidweliswe phantsi kwe-F52.8. I-DSM-5 ikwadwelisa 'okunye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezesondo' njenge-F52.8 [13]. Olu xilongo lunokusetyenziselwa ukuphazamiseka kwe-hypersexual disorder.
Nangona i-ICD-11 ingacwangciswanga ukuba ipapashwe kude kube yi-2018, ukuxilongwa kwe-Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder kuqwalaselwa. [15]kwaye inkcazo ephakanyisiweyo ifakwe kwiwebhusayithi ye-ICD-11 Beta Draft [16], okubhaliweyo oku:
'Ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha ngokwesondo okunyanzelekileyo kubonakala ngokuzingisa kunye nokuphindaphinda iminqweno yesini okanye iminqweno ebonwa njengento engenakuphikiswa okanye engalawulekiyo, ekhokelela ekuphindaphindweni kokuziphatha ngokwesondo, kunye nezalathi ezongezelelweyo ezifana nezenzo zesondo zibe yeyona nto iphambili kubomi bomntu ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokungahoyi. impilo kunye nokhathalelo lomntu okanye ezinye izinto, iinzame ezingaphumeleli zokulawula okanye ukunciphisa ukuziphatha ngokwesondo, okanye ukuqhubeka nokuziphatha ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokwesondo ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi (umzekelo, ukuphazamiseka kobudlelwane, imiphumo yomsebenzi, impembelelo embi kwimpilo). Umntu ufumana amava okwandisa uxinzelelo okanye ukuvuswa okuchukumisayo kwangoko phambi komsebenzi wesondo, kunye nokukhululeka okanye ukuphelisa ukuxinezeleka emva koko. Iinkanuko zesini nendlela yokuziphatha ibangela unxunguphalo oluphawulekayo okanye umonakalo omkhulu kumntu ngamnye, entsatsheni, entlalweni, kwimfundo, emsebenzini, okanye kwezinye iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza.'
Ngaphezu koko, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, nangona ukuziphatha kwe-hypersexual yakhatywa yi-APA, eneneni i-ICD yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kuluhlu lwezifo zengqondo kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye iikhowudi zayo zokuxilonga zigunyazisiwe ukuba zisetyenziswe eUnited States nakwamanye amazwe. amazwe ngesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe [17, 18] ngokuchasene nokuxilongwa kwe-DSM-5, engenalo igunya elinjalo. Ke ngoko kubonakala ngathi amaziko oxilongo abandakanya i-hypersexual okanye isinyanzelo sokuziphatha ngokwesondo asenokwenziwa kwaye aya kuqhubeka nokubonelela ngesakhelo esiya kukhokelela ekuphuculweni kwe-diagnostic nomenclature kunye neendlela kunye nokuvuselela uphando olongezelelweyo kwindalo kunye nezizathu zokuziphatha okunjalo.
Isibhengezo somdla
U-RBK wayeyilungu le-Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders DSM-5 Workgroup kwaye ilungu leKomiti yezeMpilo yezeSondo kunye ne-Disorders ye-World Health Organization, ejongene nokwenza iingcebiso malunga nokuphazamiseka kwezesondo kwi-ICD-11; eli phepha libonisa kuphela izimvo zalo mbhali, hayi la maqumrhu.
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