IMIBUZO: Olu phofu luchaza iziphumo esi sifundo seYunivesithi ye-2014 Cambridge othelekisa ukugqithiswa kweengxaki zezilwanyana ezingamanyala kunye nokulawula okunempilo. Uphando olutsha luhluke kwiCambridge enye, nangona kunjalo. Esikhundleni sokuthelekisa ukuxhatshazwa kwezilwanyana eziphathekayo ekulawuleni, uvavanyo olutsha oluneenkcukacha ngokubhekiselele kwimibuzo yoluhlu lwezesondo kwisiphumo somsebenzi ovavanya ingqalelo (inkcazo yenkcazo). Olu phofu luchaza iziphumo ezintathu eziphambili:
- Amanqaku okunyanzelisa ukuziphatha ngokwesini kunye nokuphazamiseka okukhulu (ukuphazamiseka okwenyukayo) ngexesha loqwalaselo lomsebenzi. Oku kuyahambelana nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngokweziyobisi kunye Ucwaningo lweYunivesithi yaseCambridge. Umzekelo, kuvavanyo olufanayo kwiziselo ezinxilisayo, amagama anjenge "pub" kunye "utywala" aphazamisa isifundo ukuba sikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi owenziweyo.
- Nantsi into entsha: Uphononongo ludibanise "iminyaka yokwabelana ngesondo" kunye ne-1) amanqaku okulutha ngokwesini kunye ne-2) iziphumo zomsebenzi wokukhathalela ingqalelo. Phakathi kwabo bafumana amanqaku aphakamileyo kumakhoboka ezesondo, bambalwa Iminyaka yamava ezesondo ahlobene nayo mkhulu umkhethe. Amanqanaba aphezulu okunyanzelwa ngokwesini + iminyaka embalwa yamava ezesondo = iimpawu ezinkulu zokulutha (ukuthathelwa ingqalelo okukhulu, okanye ukuphazamiseka). Kodwa ukuthathelwa ingqalelo kuthoba ngokukhawuleza kubasebenzisi abanyanzelekileyo, kwaye kuyanyamalala kwelona nani liphezulu leminyaka yamava ezesondo. Ababhali baqukumbele ngelithi esi siphumo sinokubonisa ukuba iminyaka engaphezulu "yokunyanzelwa kokuziphatha ngokwesondo" ikhokelela ekuziqheliseni ngakumbi okanye ekunciphiseni ngokubanzi impendulo yolonwabo (ukungafuneki). Isicatshulwa secandelo lokuqukumbela:
"Enye inkcazo enokubakho kwezi ziphumo kukuba njengoko umntu oziphethe kakubi ngokwesondo ebandakanyeka ekuziphatheni okunyanzelekileyo ngakumbi, itemplate enomdla evusa inkqubela phambili ikhula [36-38] kwaye ekuhambeni kwexesha, isimilo esibi kakhulu siyadingeka kwinqanaba elifanayo lokuvuka ukuze kufezekiswe. Kuyaphikiswa ukuba njengoko umntu ebandakanyeka ekuziphatheni okungaphezulu kokunyanzelwa, iindlela ze-neuropathways ziye zangqinelwa ukuba zibe yinto eqhelekileyo 'yesiqhelo' yesini okanye imifanekiso kunye nabantu babuyela kwisimo 'esigqithisileyo' ukuze baqonde ukuvuswa okufunwayo. Oku kuhambelana nomsebenzi obonisa ukuba amadoda 'aphilileyo' aqhele ukuhlala ekuchazeni ixesha elingaphezulu kwaye le ndlela yokuhlala ibonakaliswa kukuncipha kweempendulo zovuselelo kunye neempendulo zokutya [39]. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba abantu abanyanzelekileyo, abathatha inxaxheba ngokwesondo baye baba 'ndindisholo' okanye bangakhathali kumagama ahambelana 'nokwabelana ngesondo' asetyenziswa kufundo lwangoku kwaye olo boniso luye lwacutha, ngelixa abo banokunyanzelwa kunye namava amancinci babonisa ukuphazamiseka kuba izinto ezikhuthazayo zibonisa ukuqonda okuqinisekileyo. ”
3. Phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba abanamanqaku aphantsi kwi-questionnaire ye-sex addiction inquisitive bias ihlala isondele rhoqo naphezu kokunyuka kwamava ezesondo.
Eur Addict Res. 2016 Oct 1;23(1):1-6.
Albery IP1, Lowry J, Iintsimbi zeD, Johnson HL, Hogan C, AC AC.
Abstract
IMVELOPHI / IIMPENDULO:
Ukuba ukunyanzelisa isondo kunye nezinye iziganeko zokulahla zikwabelana nge-etiology eqhelekileyo, iziphakamiso zangoku malunga neendima zeenkalo zokuqwalasela ukuziphatha ezifanelekileyo zifanelekileyo.
IINDLELA:
Ukuhlolisisa ukuphazamiseka kwamagama axhumene ngokwesini phakathi kwabantu abanobulili kunye nolwalamano phakathi kokunyanzeliswa ngokwesini kunye nokuziphatha ngokuzibandakanya ngokwesondo, abantu abane-sexually active 55 bagqiba umsebenzi ochitshiweyo we-Stroop kunye nesilinganiselo sokunyanzelisa isondo.
IINKCUKACHA:
Iziphumo zibonisa ukunyaniseka kwintsebenzo enxulumene nezesondo phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba abathintekayo ngokwesondo. Ukongezelela, phakathi kwabo banamazinga aphantsi okunyanzeliswa ngokwesini, amanqanaba okuqwalasela ayenjalo kuwo onke amanqanaba amava ezesondo. Phakathi kwala manqanaba aphezulu okunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo, ukunyamekela okukhulu kunxulumene namaqondo aphantsi ahlolwe ngesondo.
UKUQINISWA:
Ukunyamekela okukhethiweyo malunga nokuxhalabisa okunxulumene nenkxalabo kufana nokusebenza kobudlelwane phakathi kokuba umntu sele asebenze ngokwesini kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwezenzo zakhe zesini.
PMID: 27694756
DOI: 10.1159/000448732
UKUSUKA KUKHULU
Eli phepha liphonononge ukusebenza kwengqwalaselo kwiqela labantu abasebenza ngokwesondo. Ukuba samkela ubungqina bokucebisa ukuba isimilo kunye nokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo kuxhaphakile kwinqanaba lokuba babelana ngokwakhiwa kunye nokusebenza kotshintsho kwiindlela zembuyekezo kwaye loo mimandla inxulumene nolawulo lwempembelelo kunye nommiselo wokuthintela [6], kufanelekile ukuba imeko yokuziphatha kakubi Ukwabelana ngomzekelo oqhelekileyo wokuphendula kwii-indices zokuqonda ezinxulumene neenkqubo ezinjalo. Ngokwethiyori, kwaxoxwa ukuba uninzi lweendlela zokuqonda ukukhula kunye nokugcinwa kweendlela zokuziphatha ezichaseneyo ziyahambelana nesi sizathu. Umzekelo, ithiyori yokuziva ungenakuchukunyiswa iphakamisa ukuba impendulo ye-dopaminergic ekusebenziseni iziyobisi ephindaphindayo inyuka ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba ibe nemvakalelo, ikhuthaze ngakumbi, kwaye ibangele isimilo ngokuzama ukuba amava omnye aphendule kwimiba enxulumene neziyobisi [18 Ngokufanayo, uFranken [ I-17] yatsho ukuba emva kwamava aphindaphindiweyo kwinto ethile, iindlela ezinxulumene noko ziyaqaqamba kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba zibambe ingqalelo ngenxa yokukhutshwa kwe-dopamine kwisekethe ye-corticostriatal enxulumene nombono wezo zinto. Ukuqiqa kuphakamisa ukuba abantu kufuneka babonakalise umahluko okhoyo kwiimpawu ezinxulumene nokuziphatha okukhuthazwayo. Sivavanye ukuba ngaba abantu bayayibonisa na le ndlela yokuphendula kwimisebenzi ye-Stroop eguqulweyo, esetyenziswe kakhulu ukujonga ukuphambukiswa kwezixhobo zononophelo kubuchaphazeleko obunxulumene nenkxalabo. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba abantu ababelana ngesondo ngokwenene babonakalisa ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kumbala wegama lokunxibelelana ngesondo namagama ahambelana nesini esingathathi hlangothi, kwaye ubukhulu beli khetho lahluke mpela kumanqaku esiseko (okubonisa ukuba akukho siphazamiso). Obu bungqina buqinisekisa ubungqina obufanayo beziphumo kwezo zixelwe izinto ezinxulumene neziyobisi [21] kunye nokuziphatha okungahambelani neziyobisi kubandakanya nokuziphatha ngokwesondo [30-32, 35].
Nangona obu bungqina bunikela ubungqina bentsebenziswano yokubaluleka kwintlupheko yabantu abathile ngokobulili, nathi sinomdla ekuhloliseni ubudlelwane obuphakathi kwexesha elide lokuzibandakanya nokuziphatha kunye nokunyanzeliswa okuhambelana nokusebenza kweengxaki. Ngokuhambelana nemigaqo echazwe kwi-theory yokukhuthaza ukhuthazo [18] kunye nendlela ye-neuropsychopharmacological [17], ukunyaniseka okukhulu kunxulumene nokuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nemilinganiselo ehambelana nokutya okugqithiseleyo okanye umlutha kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha [15]. Yintoni engacacile kule ndlela, nangona kunjalo, indlela yokukhathazeka echaphazelekayo echazwe ngayo ngokumalunga nobudlelwane phakathi kwexesha elide lokuziphatha kunye nokunyanzelisa
Ngokuhambelanayo nomsebenzi ophambene nomnye owenziwe ngenye indlela yokuziphatha kakubi, kwakuyi-preoriory prediction that there will be a relationship positive phakathi kokuziphatha ngokuziphatha kunye nokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo ngokuchazwa kwenkcazo. Ukuhambelana neziphumo zethu, umsebenzi wokuhlola ubudlelwane phakathi kokunyanzeliswa ngokwesini kunye nokukhathazeka kwangaphambili kubonise ukulungelelaniswa okulungileyo [11, 32]. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlalutya kwethu kwongeza kulo mzimba womsebenzi ngokubonisa ukubaluleka kokuthintana phakathi kwexesha lokubandakanyeka ngokwesondo kunye nokunyanzeliswa kocwangco lwezesondo zokuqikelela ubungqina benkcazo. Kwaye kwaphawula ukuba phakathi kwala manqanaba aphantsi okunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo, amanqanaba okuqwalasela ayenjalo kuwo onke amanqanaba amava ezesondo. Phakathi kwala manqanaba aphezulu okunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo, ukunyuka kwengqalelo kwandiswe ngamanqanaba aphantsi ngokwesini kunye nokunciphisa ukunyaniseka okumalunga namazinga aphezulu eentlobano zesini. Ngokwenene, ezi zinto zifumanise ukuba ukukhethwa kwezinto ezinxulumene nenkxalabo kuxhamla njengomsebenzi wokusebenzisana phakathi kwexesha elide lomntu osebenze ngokwesondo kunye nendlela yokunyanzelisa ngayo isondo.
Enye inkcazo enokwenzeka yezi ziphumo kukuba njengokuba umntu oziphatha ngokwesondo uqhuba ngokuziphatha okunyanzelisayo, ithemplate ephakanyisiweyo iyaxhuma [36-38] kwaye ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuziphatha okuphambili kufunekayo kumgangatho ofanayo wokuvusa. Kuqhutyelwa phambili ukuba njengoko umntu eqhuba ngokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo, ama-neuropathways angenasisiseko kwi-'iformal 'yesigculi sezesondo okanye imifanekiso kunye nabantu abaphendukela kwimimiselo engaphezulu' yokugqithisa 'ukuze baqonde ukuvusa. Oku kuhambelana nomsebenzi obonisa ukuba 'amadoda aphilileyo' ajwayele ukukhutshwa ngokucacileyo ngexesha elizeleyo kwaye le ndlu ibonakala ngokunciphisa izimpendulo zokuvusa kunye nezikhuphazo [39]. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abathintekayo ngokobulili baye baba 'banqamle' okanye bangabandakanyekanga kumazwi 'aqhelekileyo' anxulumene ngesondo asetyenziswe kwisifundo samanje kwaye njengolu hlobo lubonisa ukunciphisa ingqwalasela, ngelixa abo banyanisekile kunye namava angaphantsi babonisa ukuphazamiseka kuba i-stimuli ibonisa ukuqonda kwengqondo. Kufuneka umsebenzi wexesha elizayo ukuvavanya lo mbono ngokuthelekisa amaqela abantu abasebenza ngokwesondo, abaphezulu kunye nabaphantsi kokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo, kwi-stimuli ecacileyo.
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