J Behav Addict. 2019 Meyi 23: 1-10. i-doi: 10.1556 / 2006.8.2019.16.
Engel J1, UKessler A1, Vusa uM1, ISinke C1, Heitland mna1, Kneer J1, Hartmann U1, Kruger THC1.
Abstract
IMBALI YANGAPHAMBILI NEENKOLO:
Ngaphandle kokuxhaphaka okukhulu kweengxaki eziqondwe zinxulumene neempawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo (HD), imiba ebalulekileyo isaphononongwa. Esi sifundo sivavanya iimpawu zoxinzelelo, iimpawu zengxaki ye-cybersex, kunye nokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesini kwisampula enkulu kwi-intanethi evela kubemi abathetha isiJamani.
IINDLELA:
Kuvavanyo olwenziwe kwi-Intanethi, N = 1,194 (n = Abasetyhini abangama-564) bathathe inxaxheba kolu phando kwaye bagqiba amanyathelo kubandakanya iphepha lemibuzo elinemibuzo lokuvavanya iimpawu zoxinzelelo (PHQ-9), HD (HBI-19), iimpawu ze-cybersex ngxaki (s-IATsex), kunye nemibuzo ebonisa abathathi-nxaxheba ngokwesondo , kubandakanya iifantasy kunye nokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesini.
IINKCUKACHA:
Amadoda axele ukonyuka kwamanqanaba obukhali beempawu ze-HD, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamanyala, ukuphulula amalungu esini kunye nokuziphatha ngokwesondo. Ngaphaya koko, i-59% yamadoda kunye ne-18% yabasetyhini baxela izimanga zokunyanzelwa ngokwesini, ngelixa i-21% yamadoda kunye ne-4% yabasetyhini baxele ngezenzo zokunyanzelwa ngokwesini. Uhlalutyo lweemeko ezimodareyithi lubonise ukuba iimpawu zoxinzelelo kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezithandekayo zesondo kunye nokuziphatha kunxulunyaniswa namanqanaba obukhali beempawu ze-HD. Ingxaki ye-cybersex eyingxaki, ukuphuma kwezesondo ngokupheleleyo (TSO), ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamanyala, kunye nenani lamaqabane ezesondo kwanyaniswa nobuzaza beempawu ze-HD. Iziphumo zokunxibelelana zibonise ukuba, kubafazi, ukunxibelelana kwe-TSO kunye neephonografi kunxulumene kakhulu namanqanaba obukhali beempawu ze-HD kunamadoda.
IMISEBENZI:
Olu phononongo lubonise ukuba amanqanaba obukhali beempawu ze-HD zihlala zinxulunyaniswa nobunzima bokungena phakathi kwabantu kunye nokunxibelelana nabanye. Ngapha koko, isixa sezokwabelana ngesondo kubonakala sinxulumene ngakumbi kumanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD kubafazi kunamadoda.
IINJONGO EZIQHELEKILEYO: Isinyanzeliso sokuziphatha ngokwesondo; Iimpawu zokudakumba; uqhelaniso ingxaki ye-cybersex; ukunyanzelwa ngokwesini
PMID: 31120318
Kafka (2010) iphakamise igama elithi "ukungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo" "hypersexual disorder" (HD) njengecandelo elizakubandakanywa kuhlelo lwesihlanu I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities (DSM-5; Umbutho waseAmerican Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). Ngapha koko, indlela yokuziphatha enesidima iphakanyisiwe ukuba ibandakanyiwe njengengxaki yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kwi-ICD-11 (UGrant et al., 2014). Udidi olucetyiswayo luphawuleka ngephethini eqhubekayo yokungaphumeleli ukulawula okukhulu, ukuphindaphinda kwezesondo, okanye ukubongoza okuphindaphindiweyo kwezesondo ezibangela uxinzelelo olukhulu lwekliniki okanye ukuphazamiseka kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza, umzekelo, ukuphazamiseka kobuhlobo okuphindaphindiweyo (UKraus et al., 2018). Ngapha koko, esi sifo sibandakanya ukuqhubeka kwendlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo ephindayo ngaphandle kweziphumo ezibi okanye sifumane ukwaneliseka okuncinci. Ukungafakwa kokuchongiweyo kukuxinezeleka kwengqondo ngokunxulumana nezigqibo zokuziphatha okanye ukungamkeli malunga neminqweno yesini, iminqweno, okanye isimilo (UKraus et al., 2018). Ngokuyintloko, iikhrayitheriya ezicetywayo ze-HD (Kafka, 2010) ziyafana neendlela ezicetyiswayo zokuziphatha ngokwesini okunyanzelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iikhrayitheriya ezicetywayo ze-HD azikhange zibalule ngokucacileyo isigulo ngenxa yoxinzelelo olunxulumene nezigwebo zokuziphatha malunga nezesondo. Ngapha koko, azizange zibandakanye ukuqhubeka kwesimo sokuziphatha ngokwesondo ngaphandle kokufumana ukwaneliseka okuncinci okanye kungabikho lwaneliseko kuyo njengesiqhelo. Olu phando luphanda iimpawu ezinokwenzeka zokuziphatha okubi kakhulu, ezinje ngeempawu zokudakumba, iimpawu zengxaki ye-cybersex, kunye nokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesini. Ukujonga ezi mpawu, kwenziwa uphando kwi-Intanethi kwinani elikhulu labantetho isisiJamani, kuquka bobabini abesilisa nabasetyhini.
Uninzi lweenkcukacha malunga nokwanda kokuziphatha gwenxa kuxhomekeke kuphela kumadoda, ngelixa iziphumo kwabasetyhini kunye nabangatshatanga abesilisa abatshatanga zihlala zinqabile (ukuphononongwa, bona IMontgomery-Graham, 2017). Kubonakala ngathi indlela yokuziphatha ngayo ehogelwayo iqhele kakhulu emadodeni kunabafazi (Skegg, Nada-Raja, Dickson, kunye noPaul, 2010; UWalton, uCantor, uBhullar, kunye noLykins, 2017). Idatha yamva nje eboniswe kuphando lwabameli babasetyhini (n = 1,174) kunye namadoda (n = 1,151) ifumanise ukuba i-7% yabasetyhini kunye ne-10.3% yamadoda e-United States abonise amanqanaba afanelekileyo eklinikhi yoxinzelelo kunye / okanye ukukhubazeka ngenxa yobunzima bokulawula iminqweno yesini, iimvakalelo kunye nokuziphatha (UDickenson, uGleason, uColeman, kunye noMiner, 2018).
ICybersex ligama elisisambatho semisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yesini ekwi-Intanethi, umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi ngokwesondoIWery kunye neBillieux, 2017). "Injini kathathu-Injini" ichaza ukonyuka kwe-cybersex-equka "Ufikelelo-Ukufikeleleka-ukuNgaziwa," zizinto zonke ze-Intanethi ezithe zabhengezwa ngakumbi ngexesha (Cooper, 1998). Ngapha koko, uphando olwenziweyo lubonisa ukuba uninzi lwamadoda (64% -70%) kunye nekota ukuya kwisithathu sabasetyhini (23% -33%) babukele iphonografi kunyaka odlulileyo (IGrubbs, iKraus, kunye nePerry, 2018; URissel et al., 2016). Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ponografi kuyahluka ngokwesini kunye nobudala, kunye namadoda atya ngaphezu kwabasetyhini (IJanghorbani kunye neLam, 2003; I-Træen, iNilsen, kunye neStigum, ngo-2006).
Ukuziphatha okunesidlakudla kunye neempawu zengxaki yokuchaphazeleka zihlala zixhuma. Uphononongo lwangaphambili (Weiss, 2004) uqikelele ubukho boxinzelelo kwisampulu yeziyobisi zesondo zamadoda (N = 220) ukuba yi-28%, xa kuthelekiswa nokuqikelelwa okuphezulu kwe-12% kumadoda ngokubanzi. Ukudibanisa, iziphumo zibonisa uluhlu oluphezulu lwe-28% -69% yokuphazamiseka koxinzelelo lwe-comorbid kwindlela yokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual (IKafka kunye neHennen, 2002; URaymond, uColeman, kunye noMiner, 2003; Weiss, 2004).
Ukuziphatha okunesidlakudla kuhlala kudlalwa ngokusetyenziswa gwenxa kokusebenzisa iphonografi ngokudibeneyo, kwaye kunokusebenza njengecebo lokungasebenzi kakuhle, umzekelo, ukuthintela ukungahambi kakuhle okanye uxinzelelo (Reid, Carpenter, Spackman, kunye noWilles, 2008). Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kubonakala ngathi akukho lonxibelelwano lucacileyo phakathi kweempawu zokuziphatha okubi kunye nokunyanzela ngokwesini. Nangona kunjalo, kwakucingelwa ukuba ukwanda kokusebenzisa imifanekiso engamanyala kuza nomanyano olubonakalayo phakathi kwezimvo zesondo ezikhuthazayo kunye nezenzo zokwenyani nezesondo, ingakumbi xa kutyiwa imifanekiso engamanyala ngokwesondo.Isiqingatha, iMalamuth, kunye neYuen, 2010). Kwi-Intanethi, kodwa ngakumbi kunxibelelwano lwenene, ukunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo kuhlala kungoyena mntu uxhalabisayo kuluntu lwethu: I-9.4% yabasetyhini eUnited States badlwengulwe kubudlelwane obusondeleyo, ngelixa i-16.9% yabasetyhini kunye ne-8.0% yamadoda ahlangabezana nokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo. Ngaphandle kodlwengulo (Umnyama et al., 2011).
Olu phononongo luvavanye ubunzima be-intra- kunye nobuntu obuhambelana nenqanaba lobuphawu lweempawu ze-HD kubafazi nakumadoda kubantu abathetha isiJamani. Ubunzima obuphandwe ngaphakathi buquka iimpawu zokudakumba; Ukuphanda ubunzima phakathi kwabantu yayiyiminqweno yokunyanzelwa ngokwesini kunye nezenzo zokunyanzelwa ngokwesini. Isekwe kwizifundo zangaphambili (IKafka kunye neHennen, 2002; URaymond et al., 2003; Weiss, 2004) obonise amazinga aphezulu e-comorbid yoxinzelelo ekuziphatheni okubi kakhulu, yacaciswa ukuba amanqanaba okubaluleka kweempawu ze-HD ahambelana namanqanaba aphezulu eempawu ezixinzelelweyo. Ngokusekwe kwiziphumo zophando lokuqala ukuba indlela yokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezithandekayo zesondo zinokunxibelelanaIHald et al., 2010), singathanda ukukhangela ukuba iifoto kunye nezenzo zenene zokunyanzelwa ngokwesini zinxulunyaniswa nokuziphatha gwenxa. Ngaphaya koko, indlela yokwabelana ngesondo eyandayo kucingelwa ukuba ingaqikelela amanqanaba obuphawu lweempawu ze-HD. Ngenxa yamathuba avelayo e-Intanethi (Cooper, 1998), sikwacingela ukuba amanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD aqhagamshelwe kwiimpawu zengxaki yokusebenzisa i-cybersex kunye nokusebenzisa imifanekiso engamanyala.
Isampulu yokuqala yayiquka N = 2,069 abantu (n = Abafazi abangama-896, n = 28 akukho lwazi; jonga umzobo 1).
Umzobo 1. Ukugaywa kwabathathi-nxaxheba
Isampulu yokugqibela yayiquka N = 1,194 abantu [n = 564 abasetyhini, ubudala: M = 33.83 iminyaka, ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo (SD) = 15.25; n = Amadoda angama-630, ubudala: M = Iminyaka engama-50.52, SD = 19.34] ogqibe amaphepha emibuzo. Idatha evela kwinani labathathi-nxaxheba kuye kwafuneka ikhutshelwe ngaphandle kuhlalutyo: n = 687 ayizalisanga iphepha lemibuzo kwaye n = 188 bebengaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 okanye khange bayikhankanye iminyaka yabo. Umndilili weminyaka yabathathi-nxaxheba yayiyi-32.99 (SD = 10.78) iminyaka. Amashumi amathathu anesibini eepesenti axele ukuba afikelele kwinqanaba lokungena eyunivesithi. Uninzi luzichaze njengobungqingili (i-83%), bambalwa abaxeliweyo ukuba banesini sokuziphatha ngokwesini (13%), kwaye yi-4% kuphela abazichaze njengabantu abathandanayo. Uninzi lwabathathi-nxaxheba lwalungatshatanga (75%); Nangona kunjalo, malunga ne-70% babenobudlelwane. Okokugqibela, i-60% yabathathi-nxaxheba ayinabo abantwana (Itheyibhile 1).
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1 Table. Iinkcukacha-manani ezichazayo
| Izinto eziguquguqukayo zentlalo | N | % |
|---|---|---|
| Ezemfundo (akukho sikolo sigqibayo / isikolo sesekondari / isikolo samabanga aphakamileyo / isiqinisekiso semfundo yokungena / eyunivesithi) | 15/107/385/383/304 | 1/9/32/32/26 |
| Isini (ngokwabelana ngesondo / ubungqingili). | 987/162/45 | 83/13/4 |
| Imo yosapho (atshatileyo / otshatileyo / oqhawule umtshato okanye ohlukanisiweyo / ongumhlolokazi) | 756 / 300 / 128 / 10 | 63 / 25 / 11 / 1 |
| Ubambiswano (alikho iqabane / kunye neqabane elingaphantsi konyaka / neqabane elingaphezulu konyaka) | 364/115/715 | 30/10/60 |
| Inani labantwana (0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / ≥4) | 719/185/198/66/26 | 60/15/17/6/2 |
Saqhuba isifundo kwi-intanethi phakathi kwabemi abathetha isiJamani. Idatha iqokelelwe kusetyenziswa i-SoSci-Survey, ukufikelela ngokukhululekileyo, iqonga lovavanyo lwe-intanethi. Ikhonkco kule ndawo lalithunyelwe kumaqonga oncedo olwenziweyo ekuziphatheni okunokuziphatha kunye neewebhusayithi zosasazo zentlalo kwaye yathunyelwa koonxibelelwano babucala kunye noluhlu lokuposa lweYunivesithi yaseHildesheim, eJamani. Ngapha koko, amaphephandaba akwi-Intanethi apapasha amanqaku malunga nesifundo kwaye abandakanya ikhonkco kuwo kumanqaku awo. Ezinye zewebhusayithi ezazibandakanya ikhonkco zichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba “abantu ababa ngamakhoboka esini” babefuna. Abathathi-nxaxheba banike imvume yabo enolwazi kwaye banokushiya ulwazi lwabo lokunxibelelana ukuze baphinde baqhubeke nezifundo.
Kolu phando, inguqulelo yesiJamani ye-HBI-19 (Reid, Garos, Carpenter, kunye no Coleman, 2011) isetyenziselwe ukuvavanya amanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD. Izinto zayo ze-19 zisekwe kwiikhrayitheriya ezicetywayo zokuhlelwa ngokwama-HD kwi-DSM-5 (Kafka, 2010). Iimpendulo zezinto ezirekhodiweyo kwisikali se-5-point Likert esusela kwi-1 (ze) kwi5 (qho). Indawo yangaphambili yokusika i-≥53 yacetywa ngesiseko seesampulu ezimbini zeklinikhi kunye neesampulu ezimbini zolawulo (Reid et al., 2011), kodwa kamva inqatshelwe kwisampulu enkulu (IBőthe et al., 2018).
Ukuvavanya iimpawu zokudakumba, sisebenzise iJamani ye-PHQ-9 (IKroenke kunye neSpitzer, 2002; ILöwe, iKroenke, iHerzog, kunye neGräfe, 2004). Izinto zayo ezisithoba zisekwe kumgaqo we-DSM-5 (APA, 2013) kwisifo sokudakumba esikhulu. Izigulana ziyabuzwa ukuba ngaba bazibonile iimpawu ezidwelisiweyo kwiiveki ze-2 ezidlulileyo. Kolu phando, sihlalutye ubukhulu be-PHQ-9 ngokwamanqanaba. Iimpendulo zifakiwe kwisikali se-4-point Likert esikalini kwaye kuluhlu olusuka kwi0 (hayi akunjalo) kwi3 (phantse yonke imihla), ukunika inqaku le-0-27 yenqaku lezinto. Inqaku lezinto linokuguqulelwa njengenqanaba lobunzima (IKroenke kunye neSpitzer, 2002).
Iimpawu zengxaki ye-cybersex yavavanywa kusetyenziswa iinguqulelo eziguqulweyo ze-s-IATsex (UBrand et al., 2011). Iimpendulo zibhalwe kwinqanaba le-5-point Likert ukusuka ze ukuba qho.
Le mibuzo ozenzele yona yahlola indlela yokuziphatha kwabathathi-nxaxheba kwaye yaquka izinto malunga nobudala, inkcubeko yokwabelana ngesondo, yonke into ekhutshwayo ngokwesondo (TSO) eyahlulwe ngokuphulula amalungu esini kunye namava kunye neqabane, ukusela imifanekiso engamanyala, imeko yobudlelwane, kunye nenani lamaqabane ezesondo ngaphambili unyaka. Eminye imibuzo ebuze ukuba ngaba abathathi-nxaxheba "bakhe bakhe banqwenela ukunyanzela umntu ukuba enze izinto zesini?" Okanye "wakhe wanyanzela umntu ukuba enze ezesondo?"
Lonke uhlalutyo lwedatha lwenziwa kwinguqulelo ye-SPSS 24 (IBM ® Corporation, iArmonk, NY, eUSA) yeWindows. Uhlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani lwenziwa kusetyenziswa inkululeko t-Imvavanyo okanye uvavanyo oluqinisekileyo lukaFisher lokuguquguquka kwe-dichotomous kunye neetafile ezinkulu kune-2 × 2.
Uhlalutyo oluphindwe kabini lomgca wokuhlalutya ukuvavanywa kwaqeshwa ukuvavanya unxibelelwano phakathi kweempawu zokudakumba (njengoko kulinganiswa nge-QQ-9) kunye ne-hypersexuality (HBI-19) ngesini njengemodareyitha engafaniyo. I-PHQ-9, njengemetro eguquguqukayo, yayigxile ekugxilweni. Ixesha lokudibana lenziwa ngokwanda ngokwahluka okujolise kwintsingiselo yeempawu ezixinzelelweyo kunye nesini. Iinguqu kumlinganiso wokuqina (ΔR2) zisetyenziselwe ukuvavanya ukubaluleka komanyano phakathi koxinzelelo kunye ne-hypersexuality. Iziphumo zokunxibelelana ziboniswa ngokuthambeka okulula. Amaxabiso asezantsi eziguquguqukayo aqikelelwa kwizifundo ezinamaxabiso 1 SD ngezantsi kweqela kuthetha, amaxabiso aphezulu aqikelelwa kwizifundo ezinamaxabiso 1 SD ngaphezulu kwentsingiselo yeqela.
Inkqubo yokufunda yenziwa ngokungqinelana neSibhengezo saseHelsinki. Ibhodi yokuphononongwa kweziko le-Hannover Medical School ivume isifundo. Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba bazisiwe malunga nesifundo kwaye bonke banikwa imvume esayiniweyo enolwazi.
Thelekisa amanqaku e-HBI-19 phakathi kwamadoda (M = 50.52, SD = 19.34) nabafazi (M = 33.82, SD = 15.25) ityhile amanqaku aphezulu kakhulu emadodeni, t(1,174) = 16.65, p <, 001, d = 0.95. Amanqaku okusika amanqaku angama-53 acetyisiwe kwi-HBI-19 (Reid et al., 2011) kodwa ekugqibeleni ubuzisiwe (IBőthe et al., 2018). Ukuba amanqaku osikiweyo amadala ebefakiwe, bekuya kubakho inani elikhulu kakhulu labasetyhini kunye namadoda abonise ukwanda kobunzima beempawu ze-HD. Iyonke N = 360 abantu (n = 74 okanye 13.1% yabasetyhini; n = 286 okanye i-45.4% yamadoda) babenamanqaku e-HBI-19 angama-53 ubuncinci; okushiyekile n = 834 abantu (n = Ngabafazi abangama-490; n = Amadoda angama-344) ayenenqaku elipheleleyo le-HBI-19 Σ <53 (Itheyibhile 2).
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2 Table. Uthelekiso phakathi kwabafanasini
| Eziguqukayo | Women | amadoda | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | M (SD) | N | M (SD) | Vavanya amanani | p inani | Ubungakanani besiphumo (d) | |
| I-HBI-19 | 564 | 33.82 (15.25) | 630 | 50.52 (19.34) | t(1,174) = 16.65 | <.001 | 0.950 |
| I-PHQ | 564 | 16.76 (5.19) | 630 | 15.42 (5.13) | t(1,192) = −4.491 | <.001 | 0.270 |
| s-IATsex | 564 | 15.44 (6.73) | 629 | 26.91 (11.78) | t(1,018) = 20.9 | <.001 | 1.121 |
| Ukusebenzisa iphonografi | 549 | 1.05 (3.06) | 617 | 6.64 (11.98) | t(705) = 11.194 | <.001 | 0.657 |
| TSO-ndinamava neqabane | 558 | 1.55 (2.85) | 622 | 2.64 (5.51) | t(953) = 4.322 | <.001 | 0.252 |
| TSO-ukuphulula amalungu esini | 555 | 3.01 (5.69) | 626 | 7.87 (9.63) | t(1,034) = 10.688 | <.001 | 0.623 |
| Inani lamaqabane ezesondo kunyaka ophelileyo | 562 | 2.77 (10.42) | 626 | 6.01 (19.09) | t(987) = 3.683 | <.001 | 0.208 |
| Ewe | Ewe | ||||||
| Ukuziphatha okunyanzeliswa ngokwesini | 564 | 24 | 630 | 117 | χ2(1) = 58.563 | <.001 | |
| Iminqweno yokulalana ngesondo | 564 | 119 | 630 | 373 | χ2(1) = 178.374 | <.001 | |
Phawula. SD: ukusuka kumngangatho; I-HBI-19: I-Hypersexual Behaeve Inventory yokulinganisa i-hypersexual behaviour; I-PHQ-9: inqaku lePhepha leMibuzo yoNyango yezigulana-9 yokuvavanya iimpawu zokudakumba; i-s-IATsex: amanqaku oThintelo olufutshane lwe-Intanethi Uvavanyo lokulinganisa ngesondo kwi-cybersex; I-TSO-coitus: inani elipheleleyo lezitolo ezabelana ngesondo kunye neqabane; Ukuphulula amalungu esondo ngokuphulukana ne-TSO: inani elipheleleyo lezindawo ekuthengiswa kuzo ngokwesondo.
Kolu phando, omabini amaqela abonise amazinga aphezulu eempawu ezixinzelelweyo kumadoda, amanqaku ewonke e-PHQ-9 (abasetyhini, M = 15.41, SD = 5.12; amadoda, M = 16.76, SD = 5.19) ibonakalise ukuba bobabini abesilisa babonisa ukumodareyitha ukuya kwiimpawu ezinzima zoxinzelelo, t(1,192) = -4.491, p <, 001, d = 0.27. Amashumi amathandathu ananye eepesenti yabasetyhini kunye ne-49% yamadoda axele ubuncinci kwiimpawu zoxinzelelo.
Ngokomndilili, amadoda axele ukuchitha i6.64 hr (SD = 11.98) yokusebenzisa iphonografi kwiveki ephelileyo xa kuthelekiswa ne-1.05 hr (SD = 3.06) kubafazi, t(705) = 11.194, p <, 001, d = 0.657. Ngaphezu koko, amadoda axelwe ukuba anama-TSO aphezulu anamava kunye neqabane (M = 2.64, SD = 5.51) xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini (M = 1.55, SD = 2.85), t(953) = 4.322, p <, 001, d = 0.252, kunye ne-TSO ephezulu ngokuphulula amalungu esini kumadoda (M = 7.87, SD = 9.63) xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini (M = 3.01, SD = 5.69), t(1,033) = 10.688, p <, 001, d = 0.623. Ngapha koko, amadoda axele amaqabane amaninzi esini kunyaka ophelileyoM = 2.77, SD = 10.42), xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini (M = 2.77, SD = 10.42), t(978) = 3.683, p <, 001, d = 0.208. Kuyafana nokufumana ingxaki ye-cybersex, apho amadoda afikelela kumanqaku aphezulu kakhulu kunabafazi, t(1,018) = 20.9, p <, 001, d = 1.121.
Kuwo omabini la maqabane, kwakukho inani elikhulu kakhulu labantu abaye baxela izimanga zokuziphatha okubi ngokwesondo. Malunga ne-30% yabasetyhini (n = 119) kunye ne-60% yamadoda axele ukuba acinge ngokunyanzela umntu ukuba enze izinto zesondo, χ2(1) = 178.374, p <.001. Ngaphaya koko, amadoda ayedla ngokuzibandakanya ekunyanzelweni ngokwesini, χ2(1) = 58.563, p <.001. Malunga ne-20% yamadoda (n = 117) kunye ne-4% yabasetyhini (n = 24) uxele ukuba unyanzele umntu ukuba enze isenzo sesondo.
Ukulungelelaniswa phakathi kokuhluka kubonisiwe kwiTafile 3. Uhlalutyo oluhlaziyiweyo lohlengahlengiso lweempawu zoxinzelelo (i-PHQ-9 njengoqikelelo), isini (imodareyitha), kunye namanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD (HBI-19) zabalwa. Kwinyathelo lokuqala, i-PHQ-9 itotali yamanqaku ichaze i-8.4% yokwahluka kwe-HBI-19 itotali yokwahluka, F(1, 1192) = 110.2, p <.001. Kwinyathelo lesibini, isini sikhokelele kukonyuka okubonakalayo kwenkcazo yomahluko, ΔR2 = .222, kunyeF(1, 1191) = 381.52, p <.001. Ukudibana kwenqaku le-PHQ-9 kunye nesini esonyuse inkcazo yokwahluka, ΔR2 = .009, kunyeF(1, 1190) = 15.11, p <.001. Ngokubanzi, imodeli yokuhlengahlengiswa ibalulekile kwaye ichaze i-31.5% yokwahluka kwenqaku le-HBI-19, R2 = .315, F(3, 1190) = 182.751, p <.001.
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3 Table. Ukulungelelana kunye neCramer's V
| I-PHQ-9 | s-IATsex | Amaphupha okuziphatha ngendlela yokuziphatha eyabelana ngesondo | Eyona ndlela yokuziphatha eyomeleleyo yesini | TSO-ukuphulula amalungu esini | I-TSO-kunye neqabane | Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweesondo | Inani lamaqabane (kunyaka ophelileyo) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-PHQ-9 | - | |||||||
| s-IATsex | .171 ** | - | ||||||
| Amaphupha okuziphatha ngendlela yokuziphatha eyabelana ngesondo | .123 | .451 ** | - | |||||
| Eyona ndlela yokuziphatha eyomeleleyo yesini | .116 | .377 ** | .326 ** | - | ||||
| TSO-ukuphulula amalungu esini | .064 | .429 ** | .368 ** | .328 ** | - | |||
| I-TSO-kunye neqabane | -XXUMUMX | .180 ** | .183 | .226 * | .356 ** | - | ||
| Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweesondo | .030 | .454 ** | .452 ** | .336 ** | .330 ** | .158 ** | - | |
| Inani lamaqabane (kunyaka ophelileyo) | .004 | .174 ** | .245 * | .244 ** | .208 ** | .481 ** | .254 ** | - |
Phawula. Ukudityaniswa kweBivariate Pearson kulungelelaniso lweemetriki. I-Cramer V isetyenzisiwe ukuba kubandakanywa eziguqulweyo ngokomthetho. I-PHQ-9: inqaku lePhepha leMibuzo yoNyango yezigulana-9 yokuvavanya iimpawu zokudakumba; i-s-IATsex: amanqaku oThintelo olufutshane lwe-Intanethi Uvavanyo lokulinganisa ngesondo kwi-cybersex; Ukuphulula amalungu esondo ngokuphulukana ne-TSO: inani elipheleleyo lezindawo ekuthengiswa kuzo ngokwesondo.
*p <.05 (ukubaluleka kwe-asymptotic; ezimbini-ezinomsila). **p <.01 (ukubaluleka kwe-asymptotic; ezimbini-ezinomsila).
Uhlalutyo lwe-regression modication oluvavanyo lweemeko zokunyanzelwa ngokwesini (njengokuxela kwangaphambili), isini (imodareyitha), kunye namanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD (HBI-19) kwabalwa. Kwinyathelo lokuqala, iminqweno yokunyanzelwa ngokwesini ichaze i-11.3% yokwahluka kwe-HBI-19 itotali yokwahluka, F(1, 1192) = 151.96, p <.001. Kwinyathelo lesibini, isini sikhokelele kukonyuka okubonakalayo kwenkcazo yomahluko, ΔR2 = .111, kunyeF(1, 1191) = 161.1, p <.001. Ukudibana kwenqaku le-PHQ-9 kunye nesini akuzange kukhokelele kwinkcazo ebaluleke kakhulu, ΔR2 <.001, kunyeF(1, 1190) = 0.04, p = .834. Ngokubanzi, imodeli yokuhlengahlengisa ibalulekile kwaye ichaze i-21.9% umahluko wenqaku le-HBI-19, R2 = .219, F(3, 1190) = 111.09, p <.001.
Uhlalutyo lwesimo sokumodareyitha lwesithathu luvandlakanywa ngezenzo zokunyanzelwa ngokwesondo (njengokwengqele), isini (imodareyitha), kunye namanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD (HBI-19) zabalwa. Kwinyathelo lokuqala, izenzo zokunyanzelwa ngokwesondo zichaze i-6.8% yokwahluka kwe-HBI-19 yenqaku lokugqibela, F(1, 1192) = 87.2, p <.001. Kwinyathelo lesibini, isini sikhokelele kukonyuka okubonakalayo kwenkcazo yomahluko, ΔR2 = .146, kunyeF(1, 1191) = 220.38, p <.001. Ukudibana kwenqaku le-PHQ-9 kunye nesini akuzange kukhokelele kwinkcazo eyahlukileyo ebalulekileyoR2 = .003, kunyeF(1, 1190) = 4.69, p = 0.031. Ngokubanzi, imodeli yokuhlengahlengiswa ibalulekile kwaye ichaza umahluko we-21.7% wenqaku lesilinganiselo le-HBI-19 R2 = .217, F(3, 1190) = 109.78, p <.001.
Ukuphononongwa kwakhona kokumodareyitha okuqhubekayo kusetyenziswa njengokuqikelela kwengxaki ye-cybersex, i-TSO enamava ngokuphulula amalungu esini okanye neqabane, ixesha lokuchitha iphonografi, kunye nenani lamaqabane ezesondo kunyaka ophelileyo, isini (imodareyitha), kunye namanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD (HBI-19) zibaliwe. Inyathelo lokuqala kuzo zonke iimodeli ezikhokelele ekubalulekeni kokungafani kwamanqaku e-HBI-19. Ngaphaya koko, kwinyathelo lesibini, isini somthathi-nxaxheba sikhokele ekunyukeni okukhulu kwenkcazo yokwahluka kuzo zonke iimodeli. Ngokubanzi, iimodeli ezahlukeneyo zokuphindaphindeka zibaluleke zonke. Kwinqanaba lesithathu, uthethathethwano lwalubalulekile kwi-cybersex enengxaki, amava e-TSO enamaqabane okanye ukuphulula amalungu esini, ixesha lokusebenzisa iphonografi, kodwa hayi kwinani lamaqabane kunyaka ophelileyo. Amanye amaxabiso kuwo onke amahlalutyo omgangatho wokuphononongwa anokubonwa kwiTheyibhile 4. Iziphumo zokunxibelelana zibonakaliswa ngohlalutyo olula lwethambeka kuMfanekiso 2. Uhlalutyo lobuhlanga luhlolisisa umahluko phakathi kwamanqanaba obukrakra beempawu ze-HD kunye nokuziphatha ngokwesondo, njengoko yahlulwe ngokwesini somthathi-nxaxheba. Kwabafazi, unxibelelwano olubalulekileyo kunye namanqanaba obukrakra beempawu ze-HD kunokubonwa ngezinto zokwabelana ngesondo.r = .267, p <.001), ixesha lokusebenzisa iphonografi (r = .429, p <.001), kunye ne-TSO-masturbation (r = .461, p <.001). Emadodeni, kwakungekho nxu lumano phakathi kwamanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD kunye nomsebenzi wesondor = .075, p <.001), kunye nokunxibelelana okubalulekileyo kodwa buthathaka kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanyala (r = .305, p <.001), kunye ne-TSO-masturbation (r = .239, p <.001). Sibala abalobi ' z Ukuvavanya ukubaluleka komhluko phakathi kwee-coefficients zonxibelelwano. Ukuthelekisa phakathi konxibelelwano lwamanqanaba obukrakra beempawu ze-HD kunye nesondo elihlanganyelweyo (z = -3.4, p <.001), ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweefografi (z = -2.44, p = .007), kunye ne-TSO-masturbation (z = -3.1, p = .001) ibonakalise unxibelelwano oluphezulu kakhulu kubafazi xa kuthelekiswa namadoda.
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4 Table. Uhlalutyo oluhlengahlengisiweyo luvavanya inqanaba le-HBI-19 itotali yokuxhomekeka
| imodeli | β | t | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iziphumo eziphambili | I-PHQ-9 | 0.35 | 14.6 | <.001 |
| Gender | -0.47 | -19.6 | <.001 | |
| Ukuxoxa | I-PHQ-9 × Isini | -0.09 | -3.89 | <.001 |
| Iziphumo eziphambili | Imibono yokunyanzelwa ngokwesini | 0.20 | 7.04 | <.001 |
| Gender | -0.35 | -12.63 | <.001 | |
| Ukuxoxa | Amaphupha okunyanzelwa ngokwesini × Isini | -0.01 | -0.21 | .834 |
| Iziphumo eziphambili | Izenzo zokunyanzelwa ngokwesini | 0.21 | 6.67 | <.001 |
| Gender | -0.38 | -14.22 | <.001 | |
| Ukuxoxa | Izenzo zokunyanzelwa ngokwesini × Isini | 0.07 | 2.17 | .031 |
| Iziphumo eziphambili | s-IATsex | 0.74 | 28.57 | <.001 |
| Gender | -0.05 | -2.02 | .043 | |
| Ukuxoxa | s-IATsex × Isini | 0.06 | 3.0 | .006 |
| Iziphumo eziphambili | Amava eTSO-kunye neqabane | 0.19 | 6.0 | <.001 |
| Gender | -0.41 | -16.0 | <.001 | |
| Ukuxoxa | Amava eTSO-kunye neqabane | 0.13 | 4.08 | <.001 |
| Iziphumo eziphambili | TSO-ukuphulula amalungu esini | 0.36 | 12.19 | <.001 |
| Gender | -0.32 | -12.16 | <.001 | |
| Ukuxoxa | TSO-Ukuphulula amalungu esini ngokudibeneyo = Isini | 0.15 | 5.37 | <.001 |
| Iziphumo eziphambili | Inani lamaqabane (kunyaka ophelileyo) | 0.24 | 7.8 | <.001 |
| Gender | -0.41 | -15.84 | <.001 | |
| Ukuxoxa | Inani lamaqabane (kunyaka ophelileyo) × Isini | 0.06 | 1.84 | .066 |
| Iziphumo eziphambili | Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibonisa amanyala (ixesha) | 0.61 | 11.36 | <.001 |
| Gender | -0.24 | -7.74 | <.001 | |
| Ukuxoxa | Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweesondo (ixesha) × Isini | 0.36 | 7.01 | <.001 |
Phawula. I-PHQ-9: inqaku lePhepha leMibuzo yoNyango yezigulana-9 yokuvavanya iimpawu zokudakumba; i-s-IATsex: amanqaku oThintelo olufutshane lwe-Intanethi Uvavanyo lokulinganisa ngesondo kwi-cybersex; I-TSO-coitus: inani elipheleleyo lezitolo ezabelana ngesondo kunye neqabane; Ukuphulula amalungu esondo ngokuphulukana ne-TSO: inani elipheleleyo lezindawo ekuthengiswa kuzo ngokwesondo.
Umzobo 2. Imithambeka elula. Phawula. Amaxabiso asezantsi eziguquguqukayo aqikelelwa kwizifundo ezinamaxabiso 1 SD ngezantsi kweqela intsingiselo kunye namaxabiso aphezulu aqikelelwe kwizifundo ezinamaxabiso 1 SD ngaphezulu kwentsingiselo yeqela. I-PHQ-9: inqaku lePhepha leMibuzo yoNyango yezigulana-9 yokuvavanya iimpawu zokudakumba. I-s-IATsex: amanqaku oThintelo lwe-Intanethi olufutshane lokuvavanywa kwesondo ngokulinganisa ingxaki ye-cybersex. I-TSO-coitus: inani elipheleleyo lezitolo ezabelana ngesondo kunye neqabane; Ukuphulula amalungu esondo ngokuphulukana ne-TSO: inani elipheleleyo lezindawo ekuthengiswa kuzo ngokwesondo. *p <.05. **p <.01 (ukubaluleka kwe-asymptotic; ezimbini-umsila)
Uhlalutyo olongezelelekileyo lwenziwa kusetyenziswa amanqaku acetywayo okusika okuqala kwe-53 apho i-HBI-19 inokubonwa kwi-Supplementary Material.
Kolu phando kwi-Intanethi, isampulu yabasetyhini kunye nabesilisa be-1,194 bagcwalisa amaphepha emibuzo kumanqanaba obukhali beempawu ze-HD, uxinzelelo, kunye nokunyanzela ngokwesini. Injongo yethu yayikukuphanda unxibelelwano olunokubakho phakathi kweempawu zokudakumba, indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo, kunye neembono malunga nokuziphatha okuqinisekileyo kokunyanzela umntu ukuba enze isenzo sesondo, esimodareyelwe isini. Sikwazile ukufikelela kwinani elikhulu labasetyhini kunye nelamadoda ukuba baphendule imibuzo ebalaseleyo malunga neminqweno yesini kunye nokuziphatha. Ngokomndilili, amanqanaba okubaluleka kweempawu ze-HD ayephezulu kumadoda kunabafazi. Nangona kunjalo, inani eliqwalaselweyo labasetyhini (n = 74) uxele amanqanaba aphakamileyo obunzima beempawu ze-HD. Iziphumo eziphambili zolu pho nonongo kukuba iimpawu zokudakumba, ingxaki ye-intanethi ye-intanethi, i-TSO inamava kunye neqabane okanye i-masturbation, inani labalingani bezesondo kunyaka odlulileyo, kunye nexesha lokusetyenziswa koonografi, iingcamango kunye nezenzo zokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo zidibene namanqanaba yobunzima beempawu ze-HD. Ngaphaya koko, isini sabathathi-nxaxheba sasinefuthe kwimibutho ye-TSO kunye nexesha lokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamanyala ngamanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD. Ukuxhaphaka koxinzelelo yenye yeengxaki ezinkulu zempilo, ngamazinga okuzibulala ahlala ephezulu (APA, 2013). Idatha yethu iveza ubudlelwane obalulekileyo phakathi kweempawu zokudakumba kunye neempawu ze-HD (r = .29), esikhokelela ekubeni sikrokrele umbutho wokunxibelelana phakathi koxinzelelo kunye namanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD. Oku kufumeneyo kuhambelana nohlalutyo lwe-meta olucebise ulwalamano olulinganisiweyo, oluqinisekileyo (r = .34) kumanyano lwexinzelelo kunye neempawu ze-HD (ISchultz, iHook, iDavis, iPenberthy, kunye neReid, 2014). Iimpawu zoxinzelelo zihlala zihamba kunye nokuncipha kwezesondo (IBancroft et al., 2003). Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kubonisiwe ngaphambili, kwamanye amadoda (IBancroft et al., 2003) kunye nabafazi (I-Opitz, iTytsarev, kunye neFroh, 2009) Iimpawu zokudakumba zinokunxulunyaniswa nomdla ongaphezulu wokuziphatha ngokwesondo. Uhlalutyo lwe-hierarchical regression eluhlalutyo kolu phononongo lubonise ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu eempawu ezixinzelelekileyo aqikelelayo amanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD kuwo omabini la maqabane. Inkcazo enokwenzeka kukuba indlela yokuziphatha enesidlakudla isetyenziselwa ukujongana neengxaki, uxinzelelo, okanye iimvakalelo ezingathandekiyo (Schultz et al., 2014). Ukudakumba kwemvakalelo yokuthoba umoya okanye uxinzelelo ngokuziphatha ngokwesondo kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwiimeko ezininzi, kuba isiqabu esenzeka kwimicimbi yezesondo sinomda ngexesha kwaye isenzo sokwabelana ngesondo ngokwetyala azisombululi iingxaki (Schultz et al., 2014). Kwisampulu yethu, iimpawu eziphezulu zokudakumba zazinamandla kancinci ngokunxulunyaniswa nobunzima beempawu ze-HD kumadoda kunabafazi. Mhlawumbi, ukujongana nezesondo kunokuphakama kumadoda, kuba imbali yayisamkeleka kakhulu kumadoda (UFugere, Abazala, iiRiggs, kunye neHaerich, ngo-2008).
Njengoko kulindelwe, uhlalutyo lokuvavanywa kokumodareyitha luveze ukuba ukwahluka ngokwesondo njengengxaki ye-cybersex, i-TSO-ukushaya indlwabu, inani lamaqabane ezesondo kunyaka ophelileyo, kunye nexesha lokusebenzisa iphonografi kwakubonisa ukubaluleka kwamanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD kwisini ngasinye. Iziphumo eziphambili ngokubhekisele kwizinto eziguquguqukayo zesini kukuba iindawo ezithambekileyo zibonisa iziphumo ezahlukileyo zesini kumanyano lwe-TSO enamaqabane kunye okanye ngokuphulula amalungu esini kunye nokusetyenziswa okungamanyala kumanqanaba obukhali beempawu ze-HD. Ngapha koko, uhlalutyo lubonise ukuba amadoda axela uninzi lwezesondo kunabafazi. Ukuba umntu uphanda itotali yenani lilonke, inani elithetha ukuba amaqabane achasene nesini elinye lixelwe ngamadoda kunye nabasetyhini lifanele lilingane, kodwa amadoda ahlala exela amanye amaqabane esini esahlukileyo kunabafazi (UMitchell et al., 2019). Ukuba amaqabane ezesondo angaphambili ayeqikelelwa kunokuba abalwe, amadoda abonakala elilinganisa inani lamaqabane (UMitchell et al., 2019). Ngokuhambelana, kwisampula yethu, amadoda axela amaqabane ezesondo ngakumbi kunabafazi. Uhlalutyo lokuvavanywa kokumodareyitha lubonise ukuba abasetyhini abane-TSO ephezulu kunye nokusebenzisa imifanekiso engamanyala baye baxela ubuninzi beempawu zeHD. Kunokwenzeka ukuba, abantu basetyhini kwisampulu yethu babeka amaqabane abo ezesondo kuba besoyikiswa kukungakhathalelwa koluntu ngokwaphula imigaqo yesini (UAlexander noFisher, ngo-2003). Iithambeka ezilula zibonise ukuba inqanaba lokwabelana ngesondo emadodeni belinganxulunyaniswa kangako namanqanaba obukhali beempawu ze-HD xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini. Ngaphaya koko, emadodeni, isixa sezinto ezabelana ngesondo ezibonakala zingenampembelelo kumanqanaba axeliweyo obunzima beempawu ze-HD. Ukuziphatha ngokwesondo emadodeni kunokuba bodwa (umz., Ukusetyenziswa kwamanyala kunye nokuphulula amalungu esini) xa kuthelekiswa nokwenza ngokwesondo kwabasetyhini (ukudibana ngokwesondo namaqabane ahlukeneyo; Schultz et al., 2014). Oku bekwakhona kwisampulu yethu ngexesha eliphakamileyo lokusebenzisa imifanekiso engamanyala kunye namazinga aphezulu e-TSO-kwenziwa indlwabu kumadoda xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini. Sithi ukuziphathaphatha ngendlela engafaniyo kunokubangela ungqubano kwindlela yokuziphatha yabasetyhini elindelekileyo kwaye ngenxa yoko uxinzelelo olubonakalayo lokuziphatha kwabafazi ngokwesini; ngelixa, emadodeni, inqanaba eliphezulu lezesondo zamkeleka ngakumbi. Oko kukuthi, abantu basetyhini abanamanqanaba aphezulu ezesondo baziva bexhalabile kuba bathelekisa indlela abasebenza ngayo kunye nemeko yabo yekhaya labasetyhini, ebonakaliswa luthintelo oluphezulu lwesini kunye nokuzonwabisa okuphantsi ngokwesondo (IJanssen kunye neBancroft, ngo-2006). Unqabiseko oluphezulu lwesini kwabasetyhini mhlawumbi lubangelwa kukukhetha ulwabelana ngesondo ingakumbi kwabasetyhini (ISjoberg kunye neCole, 2018; Izilingo, 1972). Kwelinye icala, amadoda anokuxatyiswa ngoontanga babo ngokuziphatha kwabo okunesidima, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubandezelekeni okuncinci. Ngaphaya koko, izifundo ezizayo kufuneka zibandakanye amanyathelo ezithethe zentlalo kunye nezokwabelana ngesondo, ezibonakala zinxulunyaniswa nezinto zesondo ukongeza amanqanaba obukhali beempawu ze-HD ezilinganiswe ngamaphepha emibuzo (UWalton, uLykins, kunye noBhullar, 2016).
Ukunyanzelwa ngokwesini kuveza isoyikiso esicacileyo kwimpilo yomntu neyomzimba, kwaye ihlala ixelwa ngabantwana bobabini (Osterheider et al., 2011) nabantu abadala (Ellsberg, Jansen, Heise, Watts, kunye noGarcia-Moreno, ngo-2008). Olu phando lubonisa ukuba kwabasetyhini nakumadoda, amanqanaba eempawu zentsingiselo ye-HD ayanyaniswa namanqanaba aphakamileyo emibono yesini ebandakanya ukunyanzelwa kunye neqondo eliphezulu lokunyanzelwa ngokwesini. Ukucinga malunga nokunyanzela umntu ukuba abelane ngesondo akuqhelekanga, kubafazi nakumadoda (Ukunyaniseka, iCossette, kunye neLapierre, 2014). Iisampulu ezinkulu ze-Intanethi zibonisa ukuba malunga ne-11% yabasetyhini kunye ne-22% yamadoda abelana ngale ngcinga (Ukunyaniseka et al., 2014). Sifumene namanye amanani aphezulu malunga ne-21% yabasetyhini kwaye malunga ne-59% yamadoda athe axela le ngcinga. Yinxalenye encinci yezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ngokwesondo ezixelwe kumapolisa ezenziwa ngabantu ababhinqileyo, kodwa elona nani lolwaphulo-mthetho olungakhange lubekho kulindeleke ukuba libe ngaphezulu kakhulu (ICortoni, iBabchishin, kunye neRat, 2016; IVandiver kunye neKercher, 2004). Ezi ziphumo ziyahambelana nezinto ezifunyenwe kutshanje zokunyanzelwa kokuziphatha ngokwesini kwiqela lamadoda elifunyenwe linamanqanaba acetywayo obukhali beempawu ze-HD xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo olusempilweni (U-Engel et al., 2019). Ngaphaya koko, ubungqingqwa (hypersexourse) bufunyenwe njengento exhaphakileyo yomngcipheko oxhaswe ngamandla wenzuzo yokwabelana ngesondo (UMann, uHanson, kunye noThornton, ngo-2010). Ngaphandle kwezifundo esele zikho malunga nemibono kunye nezenzo zokunyanzelwa ngokwesini, kusenzima ukufumana izigqibo ezizizo kwezi ziphumo. Enye inkcazo enokubakho kukuba umnqweno ophezulu ngokwesondo kunye nokunyuka kokuziphatha ngokwesondo kwabafazi nakumadoda ngamanqanaba obukrakra beempawu ze-HD kungakhokelela kungqubano lomdla ngokwesondo kwindawo yabo yentlalo kwaye ke loo nto inyuka izinga lokuziphatha ngokwesondo. Enye indlela enokubakho ekuziphatheni okubi ngokwesini kunye nokuziphatha kunokuba kulele ekukhuleni komnqweno wesini, onokuthi ubangelwe kukuhlala kwizenzo eziqhelekileyo zesini. Ukukhangela inoveli kuye kwafunyanwa kunxulunyaniswa nokuziphatha gwenxa (UBanca et al., 2016) kunye nemibono yokunyanzelwa ngokwesini inokusebenza njengovuseleli umdla omtsha wokwabelana ngesondo kubantu abanotyekelo lokujongana ne-hypersexourse. Izifundo zexesha elizayo zokuvavanywa kufuneka ziphande unxibelelwano lokuziphatha okutenxileyo ngokwesini kunye nokuziphatha okubi kunye nokuphononongwa kunyango kubantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokona.
Olu phononongo lunegalelo kwimo yangoku yophando kusetyenziswa isampulu yayo enkulu kunye neziphumo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezinobukhulu bempembelelo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izithintelo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Olu phando lusebenzise i-HBI-19 kuphela kuvavanyo lobunzima beempawu ze-HD. Udliwanondlebe lweklinikhi lwalunokuba yimfuneko yokuhlula abantu ngokwamaqela. Ngaphezulu, inqanaba lesifiso somnqweno wesondo alizange lilawulwe kwiimvavanyo zethu. Kolu phononongo, sinqumle inani lovavanyo olusetyenzisiweyo ukuthatha ixesha elincinci labathathi-nxaxheba njengoko singakhange sibabuyekeze ngokuthatha inxaxheba. Ngenxa yeengxelo zemibuzo ezizimeleyo ezisetyenzisiweyo kolu phando, iziphelo ezizezona zinokubangelwa yile datha. Izifundo zexesha elizayo kufuneka ziqwalasele ukusebenzisa uyilo olude ukuze ufumane ukuqonda kwi-etiology yokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual. Izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukufumana ulwazi malunga nokunyanzela ngokwesondo zazisisiseko. Uphando lwexesha elizayo kufuneka lusebenzise iimvavanyo ezibuza imibuzo ngokungathanga ngqo kwaye zigubungele izinto ezigqwethekileyo malunga nodlwengulo, umzekelo, i-Bumby Rape Scale (Bumby, 1996). Okokugqibela, isampulu esetyenziswe kolu phando ayisiyommeli wabantu ngokubanzi. Umzekelo, amanqanaba emfundo ayephezulu kwisampulu yethu kunakuqhelekileyo kubemi. Inani lamanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD kwisampula yethu ngokungathandabuzekiyo liphezulu xa kuthelekiswa neempawu kubantu ngokubanzi ngenxa yokuba iwebhu yokubonisa yayithunyelwe phakathi kwezinye iiforum kubantu abanamanqanaba obunzima beempawu ze-HD. Ukongeza, amaphephandaba amaninzi anike ingxelo kwinqaku lethu asebenzisa igama elithi "ukulutha ngokwesondo" kwiintloko zawo, ezinokuthi zibe nomdla omkhulu kubantu abanamanqanaba obukhali beempawu ze-HD ekuthatheni inxaxheba.
Isishwankathelo, esi sesinye sezifundo zokuqala zokuphanda iimpawu ezizezinye zeempawu ze-hypersexuality kubafazi nakumadoda. Sifuna ukuchaza ukuba indlela yokuziphatha e-hypersexual ihlala inxulunyaniswa nobunzima bokungena ngaphakathi kunye nobuntu obunokuthi buchaphazele kakubi intlalo-ntle yabo bobabini abantu abaxela ezi mpawu kunye nezo zibangqongileyo. Ke ngoko, uphando lwethu lubonisa ukuba unyango lwe-HD kufuneka lukwajolise kuphazamiseko lwe-comorbid, ngakumbi uxinzelelo, kunye nokucinga okungathandekiyo kunye nokuziphatha okubandakanya ukunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo kwabanye. Ngaphezu koko, enokubangelwa kukungavunyelwa kokuziphatha, isenzo sokwabelana ngesondo kubonakala ngathi siyakuba ngcono kwisimo sokuziphatha okuphezulu kubafazi kunamadoda.
I-JE, TK, CS, JK, AK, kunye no-UH banegalelo kumqondo kunye noyilo. I-AK, MV, kunye ne-JE zifake isandla ekuqokeleleni idatha. I-JE ne-AK banegalelo kuhlalutyo lweenkcukacha manani. I-JE, AK, MV, CS, I-AH, JK, kunye ne-TK banegalelo kuhlalutyo nokutolika. I-UH kunye ne-TK banegalelo kulawulo lokufunda.
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