J Behav Addict. 2018 Oct 31: 1-7. i-doi: 10.1556 / 2006.7.2018.101.
Shimoni L1, Dayan M1, UChenhen K1, Weinstein A1.
Abstract
IMBALI YANGAPHAMBILI NEENKOLO:
Ukukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo kubonakaliswa kukuziphatha ngokwesondo ngokugqithisileyo kwi-Intanethi. Siphande igalelo lezinto eziNqununu eziMkhulu zobuntu kunye neeyantlukwano zesini kumlutha wesondo.
IINDLELA:
Inani lilonke labathathi-nxaxheba be-267 (i-186 yamadoda kunye ne-81 yabasetyhini) baqeshwe kwiindawo ze-Intanethi ezisetyenziselwa ukufumana amaqabane ngesondo. Iminyaka yobudala yabathathi-nxaxheba yayiyiminyaka eyi-31 (SD = 9.8). Bazalisa uvavanyo lwe-Sexual Addiction Screening (SAST), i-Big Five Index, kunye ne-questionnaire ye-demographic.
IINKCUKACHA:
Amadoda abonise amanqaku aphezulu omlutha wesondo kunabasetyhini (Cohen's d = 0.40), babevuleleke ngakumbi kumava (Cohen's d = 0.42), kwaye babengaphantsi kwe-neurotic kunabasetyhini (Cohen's d = 0.67). Imiba yobuntu ibe negalelo elikhulu kumahluko wokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo [F(5, 261) = 6.91, p <.001, R2 = .11]. Ukuvuleleka kumava (β = 0.18) kunye ne-neuroticism (β = 0.15) yayinobudlelwane obuhle kunye namanqaku e-SAST, kanti isazela (β = -0.21) yayinobudlelwane obubi kunye namanqaku e-SAST, kunye neempawu zobuntu zichazwe i-11.7% yokuhluka. Imodeli yokumodareyitha ehambelanayo yempembelelo yesini kunye neempawu zobuntu kumlutha wesondo ichaze i-19.6% yomahluko kwaye ibonise ukuba isazela sinonxulumano olubi namanqaku e-SAST. I-neuroticism enkulu yayanyaniswa namanqaku aphezulu e-SAST emadodeni kodwa hayi kwabasetyhini.
ISIQINISEKISO NOXANDUVA:
Olu phononongo luqinisekise amanqaku aphezulu okukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo phakathi kwamadoda xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini. Iimeko zobuntu kunye nesini zibe negalelo kwi-19.6% yomahluko wemilinganiselo yokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo. Phakathi kwamadoda, i-neuroticism yayanyaniswa nokuthambekela okukhulu kokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo.
AMAGAMA ENGUNDOQO: I-Big Five Index; ukuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesondo; ubuntu; umlutha wesondo; iiyantlukwano zesini
PMID: 30378460
intshayelelo
Ukukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo, ngenye indlela okwaziwa ngokuba kukuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesondo, kuphawulwa ngokuziphatha okubanzi ngokwesondo kunye nemizamo engaphumeleliyo yokulawula ukuziphatha okugqithisileyo kwezesondo. Kukuziphatha kwe-pathological okuneziphumo ezinyanzelekileyo, zengqondo, kunye neemvakalelo (UKarila et al., 2014; Weinstein, Zolek, Babkin, Cohen, kunye neLejoyeux, 2015). Izifundo ezininzi zijolise ekuphononongeni i-etiology yokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo kunye negalelo lezinto ezingasemva, ezinje ngobuntu kunye nesini ekuphuhliseni umlutha wesini (UDhuffar kunye noGriffiths, ngo-2014; I-Lewczuk, iSzmyd, iSkorko, kunye neGola, 2017). Uninzi lophando malunga nokulutha ngokwesondo lusekwe kwiisampulu zamadoda kunabasetyhini (UKarila et al., 2014).
Kukho ukungangqinelani malunga nenkcazo yokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo. Indaoda elungile (1993) ichaze ukuba likhoboka lezesondo njengokusilela ukuxhathisa iminqweno yesini. Ubuncinci enye yezi zinto zilandelayo ifana nokuziphatha okunjalo: ukuhlala rhoqo kunye nomsebenzi wesondo okhethwayo kuneminye imisebenzi, ukungazinzi xa kungenakwenzeka ukwenza umsebenzi wesondo kunye nokunyamezela kokuziphatha. UMick kunye noHollander (2006) uchaze umlutha wesondo njengento enyanzelekileyo kunye neyokuziphatha ngokwesondo, ngelixa uKafka (2010) uchaze ukukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo njenge-hypersexuality, eyindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo ngaphezulu komndilili obonakaliswa ngokusilela ukuyeka indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo, ngaphandle kweziphumo ezibi kwezentlalo nasemsebenzini. Ngokujonga iinkcazo ezininzi zokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo, omnye wemiceli mngeni kukufumanisa ukuba yintoni na eyenza ukuba likhoboka lesondo. Uhlelo lwesihlanu lwe Unyango lweDigital diagnostic kunye neNcwadi yeNkcazo yeNgxaki yeNgqondo (DSM-5) isebenzisa igama elithi hypersexuality njengophawu (Umbutho we-Psychiatric Association, i-2013), kodwa eli gama liyingxaki kuba uninzi lwezigulane azivakalelwa kukuba umsebenzi wabo okanye umnqweno wesini ungaphezulu komyinge; ngaphezu koko, i-DSM-5 ayisebenzisi igama elithi hypersexuality njengokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Okwesibini, eli gama liyalahlekisa kuba ukukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo kusisiphumo sokuqhutywa ngokwesondo okanye isibongozo kwaye hayi umnqweno wesini okhethekileyo kwaye ekugqibeleni umlutha wesondo unokubonakaliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezingahambelaniyo nale nkcazo (IHolo, i2011). Ngokutsho kwe-ICD-11 (I-World Health Organization, i-2018), ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha ngokwesondo okunyanzelekileyo kubonakaliswa yipateni eqhubekayo yokungaphumeleli ukulawula okubukhali, ukuphindaphinda iimpembelelo zesini ezikhokelela ekuziphatheni okuphindaphindiweyo ngokwesondo. Ngokuhambelanayo, iimpawu zesi sifo zibandakanya ukuphindaphindwa kwezenzo zesondo ezibangela unxunguphalo lwengqondo kwaye ekugqibeleni zonakalise impilo yomntu ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni, ngaphandle kweenzame ezingaphumelelanga zokunciphisa uphindaphindo lweempembelelo zesini kunye nokuziphatha.
Abantu abanomlutha wesondo basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha ngokwesondo kubandakanya ukusebenzisa kakhulu iphonografi, amagumbi okuncokola, kunye ne-cybersex kwi-Intanethi (IRosenberg, iCarnes, kunye ne-O'Connor, ngo-2014; Weinstein, Zolek, et al., 2015). Ukuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo kukuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo, ukuqonda, kunye neempawu zeemvakalelo (UFattore, uMelis, uFadda, kunye noFratta, ngo-2014). Into enyanzelekileyo ibandakanya ukukhangela amaqabane amatsha ngesondo, ukuphindaphindeka okuphezulu kokudibana ngokwesondo, ukuphulula amalungu esini ngokunyanzelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwephonografi, isondo esingakhuselekanga, ukungasebenzi kakuhle, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi. Icandelo lokuqonda kunye neemvakalelo libandakanya iingcinga ezigqithisileyo malunga nesondo, iimvakalelo zokuziva unetyala, isidingo sokuphepha iingcinga ezingathandekiyo, isithukuthezi, ukuzithemba okuphantsi, iintloni, kunye nokufihlakala malunga nezenzo zesondo, uqikelelo malunga nokuqhubeka kwezenzo zesondo, ukukhetha isini esingaziwa, kunye nokungabikho. ukulawula imiba emininzi yobomi (Weinstein, Zolek, et al., 2015).
Iithiyori ezininzi zichaza ukuba likhoboka lesondo. Enye yazo yithiyori yokuncamathela ephikisa ukuba abantu abanexhala okanye ukuzincama bayakoyika ukusondelelana kwaye basebenzisa intelekelelo okanye umlutha wesondo njengendawo yobudlelwane obusondeleyo (UZapf, uGreiner, kunye noCarroll, ngo-2008). Uphononongo lwakutsha nje lubonise unxibelelwano phakathi kokulutha ngokwesondo kunye nexhala kunye nokuthintela okuncamathiselayo (Weinstein, Katz Eberhardt, Cohen, & Lejoyeux, 2015). Ithuba, ukuncamathela, kunye nemodeli yokwenzakala (IHolo, i2013) yandisa imodeli yokuncamathela kwaye ibandakanya amacandelo amane - ithuba, ukudibanisa, ukwenzakala, kunye nokudibanisa okuqhotyoshelweyo kunye nokwenzakala. Kumlutha wesondo, kukho ithuba lokwenyani lezenzo zesondo okanye izivuseleli, ezinje ngephonografi kunye nesondo kwi-Intanethi, ezinokuvuselela iminqweno yokonwaba ngokwesondo. Okwesibini, amava okuqala okuncamathela enza isiseko sokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo. Okwesithathu, umonzakalo unokukhokelela ngokwawo kumlutha wesondo okanye ngokudityaniswa nokuncamathela okungakhuselekanga (IHolo, i2013). Okokugqibela, kukho imodeli ye-BERSC evavanya impembelelo yebhayoloji, yeemvakalelo, yezenkolo, yezentlalo neyenkcubeko kumlutha wesondo (IHolo, i2014).
Kukho iiyantlukwano zesini ekuziphatheni ngokwesondo kwaye ezi zihambelana nokwahluka kweehomoni zamadoda nabasetyhini kodwa nakwimiba yeemvakalelo neyengqondo yokuziphatha ngokwesondo (Fattore et al., 2014). Kuxoxwa ukuba, kwabasetyhini, umlutha wesondo unxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo namava abuhlungu kwangoko kwaye ulindelo olungafezekiswanga kubudlelwane lunokukhokelela ekuziphatheni okutenxileyo ngokwesondo (Fattore et al., 2014). Lewczuk et al. (2017) ifumene unxibelelwano phakathi kokudakumba kunye nexhala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwephonografi eyingxaki phakathi kwabasetyhini. Abasetyhini bahlala benxulumanisa ukuziphatha ngokwesondo kunye nesidingo sonxibelelwano kunye nobudlelwane (UMcKeague, 2014) kwaye ke ngoko baya kusebenzisa ubunyani benyani kunye ne-cybersex ukuze banxibelelane namaqabane ngesondo (Weinstein, Zolek, et al., 2015). UDhuffar kunye noGriffiths (2014) wabonisa ukuba iintloni kunye neenkolelo zonqulo azizange ziqikelele ukuziphatha kwe-hypersexual kubasetyhini. Kwelinye icala, amadoda azama ukujongana neemvakalelo ezingathandekiyo ngokuziphatha ngokwesondo (IBancroft kunye neVukadinovic, 2004), kwaye babonise amazinga aphezulu okunqwenela imifanekiso engamanyala kunye nokusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-cybersex kunabasetyhini (Weinstein, Zolek, et al., 2015).
Izifundo zangaphambili zichonge izinto ezintlanu eziphambili zobuntu: i-extroversion, neuroticism, ukuvuma, isazela, kunye nokuvuleleka (UMcCrae noJohn, ngo-1992) kwaye ezi zinokubonisa unxulumano nokuba likhoboka lesondo. Ngokutsho kukaSchmitt et al. (2004) I-Neuroticism inxulunyaniswe neembono zenkululeko malunga nesondo, isondo esingakhuselekanga, ingxaki ekulawuleni impembelelo kunye neemvakalelo ezimbi, ezifana nokuxhalaba, ukudakumba, kunye nomsindo. Abantu abanokwamkelwa okuphantsi kunye nesazela bakholisa ukonwabela ukwabelana ngesondo okungakhuselekanga, inkululeko yezesondo, kunye nokuziphatha ngokungxama kokuthatha umngcipheko xa kuthelekiswa nabo banokuvuma okuphezulu kunye nokuba nesazela. Okokugqibela, amadoda anokuvuleleka okuphantsi athambekele ekukhuleni ekuziphatheni okuyingozi ngokwesondo, njengokungathembeki kunye nokuziphatha okubi ngokwesondo (Schmitt, ngo-2004). Reid kunye noMchweli (2009) iphande iprofayili yobuntu bezigulane ezingamadoda (n = 152) xa kuthelekiswa neqela lolawulo usebenzisa iMinnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). Iziphumo zabo zibonise ukuba isampulu ye-hypersexual ineempawu ezininzi zeklinikhi, ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwabantu, kunye noxinzelelo lwengqondo ngokubanzi kunesampulu eqhelekileyo; ukanti, baye basilela ukuchaza iprofayili ebalulekileyo ekhobokisayo kwiqela lokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo. Uphando olongezelelweyo nguEgan noParmar (2013) ingxelo yokuba phakathi kwabantu abangamadoda ukusuka kubemi ngokubanzi abaphantsi kwi-extraversion, ukuvuma, kunye nesazela, kunye namazinga aphezulu kwi-neuroticism aye adityaniswa namanqaku amaninzi kuVavanyo lwe-Sexual Addiction Screening (SAST). Ngapha koko, umlutha we-Intanethi unxulunyaniswa neempawu ezinyanzelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngakumbi kwephonografi ye-cyber. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, uphando olutshanje lubonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyber pornography kunye nokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual kunxulunyaniswa noxinzelelo lwengqondo ngaphezu kwezinto ezongezelelweyo ezibandakanya iimpawu zobuntu (I-Grubbs, Volk, Exline, kunye nePargament, 2015). URettenberger, uKlein, noBriken (2016) baye babonisa kuphononongo lwakutsha nje ukuba zombini isini kunye neempawu zobuntu zizingqinisiso ezisezantsi zokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual; kwelinye icala, ukuphendula komntu malunga nokuvuswa ngokwesondo kuye kwafunyaniswa njengezinto eziqikelelwayo ezinamandla zokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo. Ekugqibeleni, uBőthe, uTóth-Király, et al. (2018) baye bafumanisa kuphononongo lwakutsha nje kunye nobungakanani besampulu enkulu yokuba ukungxamiseka kunye nokunyanzeliswa kunonxulumano olukhulu nokusetyenziswa koonografi kunye nonxulumano olomeleleyo oluqinisekileyo kunye ne-hypersexuality kumadoda nabasetyhini.
Ngokujonga uncwadi olunqongopheleyo kubudlelwane phakathi kobuntu kunye nokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo, injongo yolu phononongo kukuvavanya unxibelelwano phakathi kwezinto zobuntu kunye nesini kunye nokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini. Sicinge ukuba i-neuroticism iya kunxulunyaniswa ngokuqinisekileyo nokulutha ngokwesondo (Schmitt et al., 2004), kwaye ukuba nesazela kunye nokwamkeleka kuya kunxulunyaniswa kakubi nokulutha ngokwesondo (Schmitt et al., 2004). Okokugqibela, sicinge ukuba kuya kubakho iyantlukwano yesini kunxibelelwano phakathi kwezinto zobuntu kunye nokulutha ngokwesondo (Reid kunye noMchweli, 2009).
tindlela
nxaxheba
Kwakukho abathathi-nxaxheba be-267 kwisifundo, amadoda angama-186 kunye nabasetyhini be-81 abaneminyaka yobudala be-30 kunye neenyanga ze-2 (SD = 9.8) kunye noluhlu lweminyaka ye-18-68, apho bonke babengabobuzwe bamaSirayeli. Uninzi lwabathathi-nxaxheba lwalungatshatanga (46.8%), i-21.7% yayitshatile, i-19.1% yayingamaqabane angatshatanga, i-1.5% yahlukene, kwaye i-10.9% yahlukana okanye yaqhawula umtshato. Iprofayili yezemfundo yabathathi-nxaxheba ibandakanya i-2.2% kunye nemfundo yaseprayimari, i-30.7% nemfundo yesikolo esiphakamileyo, kunye ne-67% enemfundo ephakamileyo okanye isifundo sesatifikethi esilinganayo. Ubume bomsebenzi bubandakanya i-46.4% yabaqeshwa ngokupheleleyo, i-33.7% yabasebenzi bexeshana, kunye ne-19.9% abangaphangeliyo. Uninzi lwabathathi-nxaxheba babehlala esixekweni (81.6%), abanye abathathi-nxaxheba babehlala kwiindawo ezisebenzisanayo okanye ezilalini. Uninzi lwabathathi-nxaxheba yayingamaYuda (93.6%), i-1.1% yamaSilamsi, i-1.1% yamaKristu, kunye ne-4.1% enye (Itheyibhile 1).
|
Ithebula 1. Iimpawu zamanani abantu
| amadoda | Women | Kubalulekile (p) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 186 (69.7) | 81 (30.3) | |
| Iminyaka [kuthetha (SD)] | 25.23 | 32.34 | <.01a |
| ubume bomtshato | <.01b | ||
| enye | 86 (32.2) | 39 (14.6) | |
| Ulwalamano | 20 (7.5) | 31 (11.6) | |
| tshatile | 48 (18.0) | 10 (3.7) | |
| Ukwahlukana okanye uqhawule umtshato | 32 (12.0) | 1 (0.4) | |
| Education | nsb | ||
| Imfundo yamabanga aphantsi | 5 (1.9) | 1 (0.4) | |
| Imfundo yamabanga aphakamileyo | 58 (21.7) | 24 (9.0) | |
| Imfundo ephezulu | 123 (46.1) | 56 (21.0) | |
| Imeko yomsebenzi | <.01b | ||
| Intswelamsebenzi | 32 (12.0) | 21 (7.9) | |
| Umsebenzi wabucala | 50 (18.7) | 40 (15.0) | |
| Umsebenzi osisigxina | 104 (39.0) | 20 (7.5) | |
| Indawo yokuhlala | nsb | ||
| isixeko | 153 (57.3) | 65 (24.3) | |
| Uluntu lwentsebenziswano okanye ilali | 33 (12.4) | 16 (6.0) | |
| inkolo | |||
| yobuYuda | 176 (65.9) | 74 (27.7) | nsb |
| AmaSulumane | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.4) | |
| MaKristu | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.4) | |
| abanye | 6 (2.2) | 5 (1.9) |
Phawula. I-SD: ukusuka kumngangatho; Iifrikhwensi: iipesenti ngaphakathi kwesampulu iyonke; ubudala: kuxelwe kwiminyaka; imfundo: Isikolo samabanga aphantsi sifikelela kwiminyaka eyi-8 yokufunda, isikolo samabanga aphakamileyo sibhekisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12 leminyaka yokufunda, kwaye imfundo ephakamileyo ibhekiselele ekufumaneni isidanga semfundo; ns: umahluko ongabalulekanga.
aUkubonakaliswa kokuzimela t-i. bintsingiselo yePearson's χ2 vavanyo.
Uluhlu lwemibuzo lokuzibika ngokwedemografi luquka izinto ezimalunga nobudala, isini, imfundo, ubume bengqesho, ubume bomtshato, uhlobo lokuphila, kunye nenkolo.
UKUGQIBELACarnes & O'Hara, 1991) inezinto ezingama-25 ezilinganisa ukuba likhoboka lezesondo. Izinto ezikwi-SAST zi-dichotomous kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwento ekhokelela ekunyukeni kwe-1 kumanqaku ewonke. Amanqaku angentla kwe-6 abonisa ukuziphatha kwe-hypersexual, kunye nenani elipheleleyo le-13 okanye ngaphezulu kwi-SAST isiphumo kwi-95% yenyani yokwenyani echanekileyo yokulutha ngokwesondo (okt, i-5% okanye ithuba elingaphantsi lokuchonga ngokungalunganga umntu njengomlutha wesondo; Carnes & O'Hara, 1991). Ukuhambelana kwangaphakathi kwe-SAST kolu phando kwamkelekile (i-Cronbach's α yayingu-.75). Inguqulelo yesiHebhere yolu xwebhu lwemibuzo yaqinisekiswa nguZlot, Goldstein, Cohen, noWeinstein (2018) apho yayineCronbach's α ye.80.
I-BFI (UMcCrae noJohn, ngo-1992) iqulethe izinto ezingama-44 ezilinganisa iimpawu zobuntu ngokusekwe kwimodeli eBig Five (UJohn, Donahue, kunye noKentle, ngo-1991). Izinto zilinganiswe ngokwazo kwisikali se-5-point, ukusuka kwi-1 "vu melani” ukuya ku-5 “Ndivuma kakhulu.” Into nganye imele iimpawu ezingundoqo ezichaza indawo nganye kwiBig Five: i-extraversion, neuroticism, ukuvuma, isazela, kunye nokuvuleleka kumava. Kule sifundo, i-α ye-Cronbach iphakathi kwe-.69 kunye ne-.82.
Amaphepha emibuzo aye apapashwa kwi-intanethi kwiiforam zenethiwekhi yoluntu ezazinikezelwe ukuthandana kunye nokufumana amaqabane ngesondo. Abathathi-nxaxheba baphendule imibuzo kwi-intanethi nge-Intanethi. Abathathi-nxaxheba baxelelwa ukuba uphononongo luphanda ukukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo kwaye imibuzo iya kuhlala ingaziwa ngenjongo yophando.
Uhlalutyo lweziphumo lwenziwa kwiPhakeji yeNkcazo yeNzululwazi yeNtlalo windows v.21 (SPSS; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Ukuze kuphononongwe iyantlukwano kwimiba yedemografi phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi, idatha ebhekiselele kubume bomtshato, imfundo, iwonga lomsebenzi, indawo yokuhlala, kunye nenkolo yahlalutywa kusetyenziswa iPearson's χ2 Uvavanyo, kunye nobudala kunye nemilinganiselo yokulutha ngokwesondo kunye neempawu zobuntu phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini zimiselwe ngokuzimeleyo t-iimvavanyo; Ubungakanani besiphumo bubalwe kusetyenziswa iCohen's d. Uvavanyo olulula lolungelelwaniso phakathi kwezinto eziguquguqukayo zokufunda lubalwe kusetyenziswa uvavanyo lonxulumano lukaPearson. Ukuqikelela igalelo lobuntu kunye nesini kumanqaku okulutha ngokwesondo, iimodeli zokuqala ezahlukeneyo zohlengahlengiso kunye nesini, kunye neempawu zobuntu njengezibikezelo zokulutha ngokwesondo zalungiswa kwangaphambili kwaye nolunye uhlalutyo oluhambelanayo lwemodeli yesini kunye neempawu zobuntu kunye nokulutha ngokwesondo kwenziwa kusetyenziswa INKQUBO. imacro ye SPSS (I-hayes, 2015).
Uphononongo luvunyiwe yibhodi yokuphonononga iziko (IRB, ikomiti yaseHelsinki) yeYunivesithi yaseAriel. Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba basayine ifom yemvume enolwazi.
iziphumo
Amanqaku kwimibuzo yemibuzo yokulutha ngokwesondo abonise ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba be-120 (amadoda angama-95 kunye nabasetyhini abangama-25) bahlelwa njengomlutha wesondo kunye ne-147 njengabangamakhoboka ngokwesondo, ngokulandela imigaqo echazwe nguCarnes kunye no-O'Hara.1991) (Amanqaku e-SAST > 6). Ukulinganisa kwezinto zobuntu kwakungaphezulu kwentsingiselo (> 3) ngaphandle kwe-neuroticism, eyayiphantsi (ithetha = 2.58). Ukusasazwa kweereyithingi kwi-questionnaire kwaba yinto enye (SD = 0.57). Ukuthelekisa ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini kubonise ukuba amadoda anemilinganiselo ephezulu (ithetha = 6.61, SD = 3.75) kunabafazi (ithetha = 4.61, SD = 3.52) [t(1,265) = 4.07, p <.001)], kunye nobukhulu obuphakathi (Cohen's d = 0.40). Ukongezelela, ukuthelekiswa kwezinto zobuntu phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini kubonise ukuba amadoda avuleleke ngakumbi kumava (ithetha = 3.68, SD = 0.51) kunabafazi (ithetha = 3.44, SD = 0.63) [t(1,265) = 2.95, p <.001, Cohen's d = 0.42], kwaye babengaphantsi kwe-neurotic (ithetha = 2.44, SD = 0.67) kunabafazi (ithetha = 2.91, SD = 0.74) [t(1,265) = 5.06, p <.01, Cohen's d = 0.67].
Uvavanyo lokuqala lolungelelwaniso lukaPearson lubonise unxibelelwano olungalunganga phakathi kokuvumelana, kunye nokuba nesazela kunye nokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo, kunye nonxibelelwano oluhle phakathi kwe-neuroticism kunye nokulutha ngokwesondo (Itheyibhile 2). Uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo lokuhlehla lubonise ukuba izinto zobuntu zibe negalelo elikhulu kumahluko wokulutha ngokwesondo [F(5, 261) = 6.91, p <, 001, R2 = .11]. Ukuba nesazela kube negalelo elibi kumanqaku okuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Kwelinye icala, ukuvuleleka kumava kunye ne-neuroticism kube negalelo eliqinisekileyo kumanqaku okuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Ukwamkelwa akwenzanga galelo libalulekileyo kumazinga okukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo okanye ukongezelela (Itheyibhile 3). Imodeli ibonise ukuba akukho multicollinearity njengento yokunyuka kwamaxabiso phakathi kwe-1.27 kunye ne-1.51, kunye nesalathisi sokunyamezela esiphakathi kwe-0.65 kunye ne-0.86.
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Ithebula 2. Unxulumano olulula phakathi kweempawu zobuntu kunye nokuba likhoboka lesondo
Phawula. Ulungelelwaniso olulula lubalwe kusetyenziswa uhlalutyo lukaPearson. M: lithetha; SD: ukusuka kumngangatho.
**p <.01.
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Ithebula 3. Ucazululo lokubuyela umva kumgca wezinto zobuntu ezinegalelo kumanqaku okuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo
| Ingxaki | B | SE B | β | t |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unembeza | -1.45 | 0.45 | −0.23 ** | -3.24 |
| Ukuvuleka | 1.23 | 0.42 | 0.18 ** | 2.96 |
| nezigulo | 0.67 | 0.35 | 0.13 * | 1.92 |
| Ukungqinelana | -0.28 | 0.42 | -0.05 | -0.67 |
| Utshintsho olugqibeleleyo | -0.14 | 0.40 | -0.02 | -0.35 |
| R2 | .131 | |||
| F | 7.89 |
Phawula. SE B: imposiso eqhelekileyo ye B; β: i-coefficient ye-beta esemgangathweni.
**p <.01. *p <.056.
Ukuze kuqikelelwe iyantlukwano yesini kunye negalelo lezinto zobuntu kumanqaku okulutha ngokwesondo, uhlalutyo lokumodareyitha oluhambelanayo lwenziwa kwaye imodeli ichaza i-19.6% yomahluko wokulutha ngokwesondo [F(6, 260) = 10.6, p < .0001]. Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba amadoda ayene-neurotic encinci (a4 = -0.47, p <.001) kwaye uvule ngakumbi kumava (a5 = 0.23, p < .001) kunabafazi. Ukongeza, isazela esisezantsi (b3 = -1.42, p <.001) kunye neuroticism enkulu (b4 = 1.36, p <.001) zazinxulumene nokulutha okukhulu ngokwesondo. I-95% yexesha lokuzithemba elichanekileyo elisekelwe kwiisampuli ze-bootstrap ze-10,000 zibonise ukuba impembelelo engathanga ngqo nge-neuroticisms (a1b1 = 0.64), ebambe zonke ezinye izinto rhoqo, yayingaphezulu kwe-zero (0.25-1.15). Ngokuchasene noko, iziphumo ezingangqalanga kuyo yonke imimandla yeBig Five, enje ngokugqithisa, ukuvuma, ukuba nesazela, kunye nokuvuleleka kumava, zazingahlukanga ukusuka ku-zero (−0.05 ukuya ku-0.23, −0.07 ukuya ku-0.15, -0.10 ukuya ku-0.37, kunye −0.42 ukuya ku-0.05, ngokulandelelanayo). Ngaphaya koko, amadoda anike ingxelo yamanqaku aphezulu okukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo naxa eqwalasela impembelelo engathanga ngqo yesini kuwo onke amanqanaba amahlanu obuntu (c' = 2.66, p < .001; Umzobo 1). Lilonke, le mpembelelo ingathanga ngqo ibonise ukuba i-neuroticism enkulu inxulunyaniswa nokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo okukhulu emadodeni kunakwabasetyhini.
Umzobo 1. Imodeli yempembelelo yokumodareyitha yeempawu zobuntu kubudlelwane phakathi kwesini kunye nokuba likhoboka lesondo. Phawula. Zonke iziphumo ezibonisiweyo azikho mgangathweni; an sisiphumo sesini kwiimpawu zobuntu, abafazi babhalwa njengo-0 kunye namadoda njengo-1; bn sisiphumo seempawu zobuntu kubukhoboka besini; c sisiphumo esithe ngqo sesini kumlutha wesondo; c' sisiphumo esipheleleyo sesini kumlutha wesondo. ***p <.0001. #p <.001
ingxoxo
Injongo yolu phononongo yayikukujonga ubudlelwane phakathi kobuntu kunye nokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo emadodeni xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini. Siye saqinisekisa ubungqina bangaphambili kumanqanaba aphezulu okulutha ngokwesondo emadodeni (Eisenman, Dantzker, & Ellis, 2004; Weinstein, Zolek, et al., 2015). Okwesibini, sifumene ukuba isazela sibe negalelo elibi kwimilinganiselo yokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo kumadoda nabasetyhini. Oku kufunyanisiweyo kuyavumelana neziphumo ezichazwe nguSchmitt et al. (2004). Sikwafumanise ukuba ukuba nesazela kube negalelo elibi kumanqanaba eziyobisi ngokwesondo ngokuzimeleyo kwezinye izinto, ezinjengokuvuma, ngokungafaniyo noSchmitt et al. (2004) owafumanisa ukuba ukuvuma kwakunxulunyaniswa kakubi nokulutha ngokwesondo, kwaye ngokungafaniyo no-Egan noParmar (2013) oye wafumanisa ukuba phakathi kwabantu abangamadoda, i-extraversion ephantsi, ukuvuma kunye nokuba nesazela, kunye namazinga aphezulu kwi-neuroticism adityaniswa namanqaku amakhulu kwi-SAST. Ukanti, uphononongo olwenziwe nguEgan noParmar (2013) kusetyenziswe isampulu yabantu abasempilweni ngokusekelwe kuluntu ngokubanzi.
Kukho iinkcazo ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano phakathi kwesazela esiphantsi kunye nokuba likhoboka lesondo. Wordecha et al. (2018) ingxelo yokuba ukuziphulula amalungu esini kunxulumene nokuncipha kweemvakalelo, ukonyuka koxinzelelo, kunye nexhala. Isazela esiphantsi sinxulunyaniswa noxinzelelo lwengqondo kunye ne-psychopathology (Reid kunye noMchweli, 2009). Kuyavakala ukuba umbutho ochaziweyo kolu phononongo sisiphumo samava angathandekiyo obuntwana kunye nobunzima bokuncamathela okanye ngenye indlela ukuba imvakalelo ephezulu yokufuna kunye nemincili ehambelana nokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo inciphise inqanaba lesazela (Grubbs, Perry, Wilt, kunye Reid, 2018). Izifundo zexesha elide zinokunceda ukucacisa le miba.
Impembelelo ye-neuroticism kumlutha wesondo yayinkulu emadodeni. Oku kufunyanisiweyo kuyahambelana nezifundo zangaphambili ezibonisa ukuba i-neuroticism inyanyaniswa nokungxama kunye nokuziphatha okuthatha umngcipheko okunxulumene nesondo (Hoyle, Fejfar, & Miller, 2000; Zuckerman & Kuhlman, 2000). Ezinye izinto ezinje nge-extroversion kunye nokuvuma azidityaniswanga nokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo kolu phononongo, nangona uncwadi lufumanise ukuba ukongezelela okuphezulu kunye nokuvuma okuphantsi kunxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo (UKarila et al., 2014).
Zimbalwa kakhulu izifundo malunga nobuntu kunye nokuba likhoboka lesondo. Reid kunye noMchweli (2009) iphande umahluko phakathi kwezigulane ezingamadoda (n = 152) kunye neempendulo zeqela eliqhelekileyo kwi-MMPI-2. Iziphumo zabo zibonise ukuba phantse zonke izikali kunye nezikali zeklinikhi zaziphezulu kwisampulu ye-hypersexual kunesampulu eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunyuswa ngokubanzi akuzange kuwele kuluhlu lwezonyango, kwaye malunga nesinye kwisithathu sabantu abavavanyiweyo babeneprofayili eqhelekileyo. I-MMPI-2 imilinganiselo yeklinikhi eneendawo eziphakamileyo ezihlala rhoqo kwi-hypersexual population iquka i-phobias, i-obsessions, ukunyanzeliswa, okanye ukuxhalaba ngokugqithiseleyo; ukuphambuka kwengqondo okubonakaliswa kukungalungi kakuhle, ukungafuni ukuchonga ingqungquthela yentlalo kunye nezithethe, iingxaki zolawulo lwe-impul se-control; kunye nokudakumba. Ngaphaya koko, kwakungekho nkxaso iyonke yotyekelo lokulutha okanye ukuhlelwa kwezigulana njengokuthathekayo okanye okunyanzelekileyo, kodwa ukuba uhlalutyo lweqela labo lubonelele ngobungqina bokuxhasa umbono wokuba abaguli abane-hypersexual liqela labantu abahlukeneyo. Ezi ziphumo ziyafana nekaLevine (2010) ukuhlalutya okuphindaphindiweyo kwamatyala amaninzi aphinda abuze inqanaba le-psychopathology phakathi kwabo baneengxaki zokuziphatha ngokwesondo. Ngokubanzi, iziphumo zolu phononongo zinokuba nentsingiselo eyomeleleyo malunga nokuqonda kwethiyori yeziyobisi zokuziphatha ngokubanzi ngakumbi kwaye ngakumbi umlutha wesondo. Iziphumo zolu phononongo zixhasa umbono kaGriffiths (2017) ocebise ukuba izinto zobuntu azinakucacisa kuphela ukuba likhoboka; ukanti, sisiphumo sezinto ze-biopsychosocial eziphenjelelwa kwizinto zangaphakathi nangaphandle. Esi sigqibo sixhaswa zizifundo zamva nje ezibonisa ukuba ezinye izinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwengqondo (IGrubbs et al., 2015) kunye nokuvuswa ngokwesondo kuqikelelo olunamandla kunobuntu bokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual (Rettenberger et al., 2016), nangona uphando olongezelelweyo lufunekayo ukucacisa lo mbandela.
Imida
Olona thintelo luphambili kolu phononongo kukuthembela ekuqeshweni ngokuthandana kunye newebhusayithi yenethiwekhi yoluntu engenzi ukuqinisekiswa ngokuthe ngqo kokuqinisekiswa okanye ukuthembeka okanye imeko yengqondo yeempendulo ngabathathi-nxaxheba. Umda wesibini lizinga lokuphendula elisezantsi phakathi kwabasetyhini eliye labonwa kwizifundo zangaphambili (Weinstein, Zolek, et al., 2015). Ngaphezu koko, olu phononongo lusekwe kumacandelo ahlukeneyo, isampuli yengxelo yobuqu kwaye ke inokuba nomkhethe ngenxa yokunqweneleka koluntu. Okokugqibela, izinto zobuntu zichaze kuphela umlinganiso omncinci (11%) womahluko kumanqanaba okulutha ngokwesondo kwaye kunye nesini bachaza i-19.6% yokulutha ngokwesondo. Ezinye izinto zibaluleke ngakumbi ekuchazeni umahluko kwikhoboka lesondo. Kungenzeka ukuba umnqweno wesini kunye nokunyanzelwa ukuba ungene kwiiwebhusayithi ze-cybersex kunamandla ngakumbi ekuqikeleleni umlutha wesini (Weinstein, Zolek, et al., 2015).
Ukuqukumbela, olu phononongo luqinisekise ubungqina bangaphambili bamanqaku aphezulu okulutha ngokwesondo phakathi kwamadoda xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini (Weinstein, Zolek, et al., 2015). Ikwabonise ukuba izinto zobuntu ezinje (ukunqongophala) ukuba nesazela kunye nokungafihli nto zibe negalelo kubukhoboka besini. Phakathi kwamadoda, i-neuroticism yayanyaniswa nokuthambekela okukhulu kokukhotyokiswa ngokwesondo. Uphononongo olongezelelweyo lunokuphonononga ubuntu kunye nobudlelwane bezesondo phakathi kwabanye abantu, njengezibini (uninzi lwesampulu zethu bezingekho kubudlelwane), abantu benkolo, kunye nabantu abathandana besini esifanayo (Bőthe, Bartók, et al., 2018).
Igalelo labalobi
Bonke abantu ababandakanyiweyo njengababhali bephepha baye banegalelo elikhulu kwinkqubo yenzululwazi ekhokelela ekubhalweni kwephepha. Ababhali baye bafaka isandla ekucingeni nasekuyilweni kweprojekthi, ukusebenza kovavanyo, ukuhlalutya kunye nokuchazwa kweziphumo, kunye nokulungiswa kombhalo wesandla wokupapashwa.
Ukugqubana kwemidla
Ababhali abanamdla okanye imisebenzi enokuthi ibonakale inefuthe kuphando (umzekelo, umdla wemali kuvavanyo okanye kwinkqubo kunye nenkxaso mali ziinkampani zamayeza zophando). Baxela ukuba akukho kungqubana kwemidla ngokubhekisele kolu phando.
Imibulelo
Uphononongo luboniswe kwintlanganiso ye-4 ye-ICBA e-Haifa Israel ngoFebruwari 2017.
Ucaphulo
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