Ipapashwe kwi-intanethi 2014 Feb 21. ikhonkco: 10.1007 / s10508-014-0261-y
Abstract
Ukuvavanywa kwengqondo malunga nesondo kunokubonisa icandelo elibalulekileyo lokugcinwa kunye nokunyangwa kwe-hypersexuality, kodwa okwangoku azibonakali kwiimodeli zengcamango ze-hypersexuality. Ke ngoko, siye saqinisekisa umlinganiso wokuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo kwaye savavanya amandla ayo ahlukileyo okuxela kwangaphambili ubungqingili. Udliwano-ndlebe olufanelekileyo kunye nesampuli ye-pilot ye-60 ephezulu kakhulu ye-gay kunye namadoda angama-sexual kunye nokuphononongwa kweengcali zezinto zivelise i-pool yezinto ze-17 malunga nokuqonda okungahambi kakuhle ngesondo. Isampulu eyahlukileyo yama-202 abelana ngesondo kakhulu kunye namadoda abelana ngesondo agqibe imilinganiselo yokuthintela ngokwesondo kunye nemincili, ukungxama, ukuphazamiseka ngokweemvakalelo, ukudakumba kunye nexhala, ukunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo, i-Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory ecetywayo Umbutho waseMelika woNyango lweeNzululwazi DSM-5 Iqela eliSebenzayo kwiZiphazamiso zeSazisi ngokwesondo kunye nesini (2010). Uhlalutyo lwento luqinisekisile ubukho bama-subscales amathathu: iimfuno zesondo ezibonwayo, iindleko zesondo, kunye nokulawulwa kwezesondo ngempumelelo. Iziphumo zemodeli ye-equation equation yayingqinelana nemodeli yokuqonda yokwabelana ngesondo ngokugqithisileyo apho iphakamisa imfuneko yokwabelana ngesondo kunye nokungafanelanga izibonelelo zokwabelana ngesondo ngokuyinxenye kuqikelelwe ukuba kuncitshiswe ukuzimela ekulawuleni indlela umntu aziphethe ngayo ngokwesondo, zonke ezo zaxela kwangaphambili ingxaki yokwabelana ngesondo. Kwi-multivariate logistic regression, ukunyanzeliswa kweenzuzo zesini kuqikelelwe ukuhluka okungafaniyo kwi-hypersexuality, nasemva kokulungelelanisa indima yolwakhiwo oluphambili lophando olukhoyo kwi-hypersexuality, AOR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.02, 3.10. Iziphumo zicebisa ukusetyenziswa kwendlela yokuqonda ukuqonda ngcono i-hypersexuality kunye nokubaluleka kokuphuhlisa iindlela zonyango ezikhuthaza ukuvavanya okuguquguqukayo malunga neziphumo zesini kunye nokukwazi komntu ukulawula ukuziphatha kwakhe ngokwesondo.
INTSHAYELELO
Ingxaki ye-hypersexuality yi-syndrome yeklinikhi ebonakaliswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kunzima ukulawula iingcamango zesini, izibongozo, okanye ukuziphatha okuhambelana noxinzelelo olubalulekileyo kunye nemiphumo emibi (Kafka, 2010). Ukwandisa umdla ekuqondeni nasekuphatheni i-hypersexuality eyingxaki kufuna ukuchongwa kwezinto eziphambili zokuxela kwangaphambili kunye neethagethi ezifanelekileyo zonyango. Ukuqonda okukhoyo kwengqikelelo yengxaki ye-hypersexuality itsalela ekunyanzelweni, ulawulo lwempembelelo, ukulawulwa kweemvakalelo, kunye neemodeli zokulutha zokuziphatha ngokugqithisileyo (Kafka, 2010; Kingston & Firestone, 2008). Umsantsa obonakalayo kolu ncwadi ubandakanya ukuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo, apho sithetha ezo ngcinga zenziwe kulo lonke uphuhliso kwaye zibonisa isimo sengqondo somntu esingqongqo okanye esingasebenziyo, iinkolelo, kunye nolindelo malunga nesondo, iintsingiselo zaso, kunye neziphumo zaso.
Nangona ukuqonda kwe-maladaptive kudlala indima ephambili ekuqondeni i-etiology, ukugcinwa, kunye nonyango lweengxaki ezininzi zempilo yengqondo, kubandakanywa nezo zixhaphake kakhulu nge-hypersexuality (URaymond, uColeman, kunye noMiner, 2003), indima yokuqonda okunjalo kwi-hypersexuality eyingxaki ayikahlolisiswa. Ukuqonda okungalunganga kwezinye iziphazamiso zempilo yengqondo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo olukhulu kunye ne-dysthymia (Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, ngo-1987), Uxinzelelo lwentlalo (UClark & Wells, ngo-1995), ukuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka ngokubanzi (Wells, 1999Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi (Witkiewitz & Marlatt, 2004), kunye nokuphazamiseka kokulawulwa kwempembelelo, kubandakanywa nokungcakaza kwe-pathological (Sharpe & Tarrier, 1993kunye ne-kleptomaniaKohn, ngo-2006), chaza uvandlakanyo olungachanekanga lwentsingiselo yeemeko, imiphumo yendlela ubani aziphethe ngayo, okanye amandla kabani okulawula iimeko zobomi okanye ukuziphatha kwakhe (Beck et al., 1987). Ukuzoba kwiimodeli zokuqonda ezi zezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo (umz., Sharpe & Tarrier, 1993), sicinge ukuba ukuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo kunokuqulatha, umzekelo, uqikelelo olungachanekanga malunga nentsingiselo okanye iziphumo zesini okanye amandla omntu okulawula ukuziphatha kwakhe ngokwesondo.
Siye saphonononga iimodeli zengqikelelo esele zikho zengxaki ye-hypersexuality kwaye safumanisa ukuba, ngelixa ezi modeli ngoku zingabhekiseli ngokucacileyo kwi-maladaptive cognitions, nangona kunjalo zivumela indima ebalulekileyo yokuqonda ukuqonda i-etiology, ukugcinwa, kunye nonyango lwe-hypersexuality. Umzekelo, iimodeli zokunyanzeliswa kwe-hypersexuality (Coleman, 1987, 1990) kugxininise ukusetyenziswa kweentlobano zesini ukunciphisa okanye ukuphepha ukusongela imeko yeemvakalelo, njengexhala. Iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuqonda kule modeli zinokubandakanya ukuvavanywa kosoyikiso olucalanye kunye nokwandiswa kwemfuneko ecingelwayo yesini (umz., ukusombulula iimvakalelo ezingakhiyo). Ngaphaya koko, iimodeli zokulawulwa kwempembelelo yokuziphatha okuyingxaki ukusuka ekungcakazeni kwe-pathological ukuya kusetyenziso lweziyobisi ziqonda iimbono ezicalu-calulo zobungakanani bomvuzo, iimeko ezilindelekileyo zomvuzo, kunye nokulibaziseka komvuzo njengokuqhuba ngokuziphatha ngokungxama (Sharpe & Tarrier, 1993; Witkiewitz & Marlatt, 2004). Iimodeli zolawulo lwempembelelo yengxaki yokwabelana ngesondo ngokwesini esinengxaki (umz., URaymond et al., 2003), ke ngoko, unokungenelwa ngokuqwalasela indima edlalwe ziimbono ezicalu-calulo zokuzibamba nobungozi bomntu (Logue, 1988; UMischel noBaker, ngo-1975). Iimodeli zokulawulwa kweemvakalelo zokwabelana ngesondo (hypersexuality)IBancroft kunye neVukadinovic, 2004; Kingston & Firestone, 2008) vumela ukuqonda okungalunganga, okufana novandlakanyo lwentsingiselo ecalanye lweziganeko ezivuselela iimvakalelo (umz., UJoormann kunye noSiemer, ngo-2011). Okokugqibela, iimodeli zokulutha kwi-hypersexuality (Amakha, 1983; Goodman, 1997), apho i-hypersexuality eyingxaki ibonisa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kokuziphatha ngokwesondo ukulawula iimvakalelo ezingathandekiyo, kunokuvumela ukuthambekela kwengqondo malunga nemiphumo emihle okanye emibi yesini, iinkolelo ezingachanekanga malunga nokukwazi ukwabelana ngesondo ukwenza imisebenzi yokuzilawula, okanye ukungaqondi kakuhle komntu. ukukwazi ukulawula ukuziphatha kwakhe ngokwesini.
Ngelixa unyango lwangoku lusondela kwingxaki ye-hypersexuality ngokuyintloko igxile kwi-12-step elungisiweyo (umz., Amakha, 1983; Pincu, 1989), amayeza (umz., Kafka & Prentky, 1992), kunye neendlela zokuziphatha (umz., Igolide kunye noHeffner, ngo-1998), iindlela ezimbalwa ezongezelelweyo zicebisa ukubaluleka kokujolisa kwi-maladaptive cognitions kwindlela yokunciphisa ukuziphatha kwe-hypersexual. Nangona iziphakamiso zonyango ezigxininisekile engqondweni zivela kwizifundo zecala kunye nesikhokelo seklinikhi, kunokuba izilingo ezilawulwa ngokungahleliwe, zihambelana nendima enokubakho yengqiqo ye-maladaptive kwiimodeli zengcamango ezichazwe ngasentla. Umzekelo, izifundo zezesondo kunye nesikhokelo seklinikhi sokunyanga ubulili obufanayo buxoxa ngonyango malunga noqikelelo olungaphezulu kwemfuneko yesini kunye nokujongela phantsi amandla omntu okulawula indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo, ecaleni kokuphucula izakhono zokulawula iimvakalelo (umz., Umalusi, 2010; Weiss, 2004). Oku kugxininiswa ekunciphiseni olu vavanyo lukhethekileyo lunxulumene nesini lukwahambelana neendlela zonyango ezisekiweyo zesini esinengxaki ngaphandle kobulili obugqithisileyo (umzekelo, umboniso, ubufebe) (UMurphy kunye nePhepha, ngo-2008; Wincze, 2000).
Njengoko uphando malunga nobume kunye novavanyo lwengxaki yokulalana ngokwesini (hypersexuality)Kafka, 2010), ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza ukwanda kweendlela zonyango kule syndrome, kuyimfuneko ukuchonga zonke izinto ezinokwenzeka ekugcinweni kwayo kunye nonyango, kubandakanywa nendima enokubakho yengqiqo ye-maladaptive. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngokuqonda okungalunganga malunga nokwabelana ngesondo, sithetha ezo ngcinga zingqongqo okanye ezingalunganga ezenziwa kuphuhliso kwaye ezibonisa isimo sengqondo sangoku somntu, iinkolelo, kunye nolindelo malunga nesondo, iimeko zalo, iintsingiselo kunye neziphumo. Ngale ndlela, ulwakhiwo lwethu luhambelana nenkcazo kunye nendima yengqondo engalunganga kuyo yonke inkxalabo yempilo yengqondo, efana nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ungcakazo lwe-pathological, kunye noxinzelelo olukhulu (umz., Beck et al., 1987). Le nkcazo yengqiqo ye-maladaptive ayibandakanyi iingcamango zesini, imifanekiso, okanye iingcamango zokungena. Iimodeli ezikhoyo zengqikelelo ye-hypersexuality endaweni yoko zicinga ezi ziganeko njengezivuseleli zangaphambili, kunenkqubo yokuqonda ukugcina ubulili obufanayo obufanelekileyo kwiindlela zonyango ezisekwe ngokwengqiqo.
Ukuxhatshazwa kweengxaki zoxhatshazo oluxhatshazwayo kukukhathazeka ngokukhethekileyo ngentsholongwane, ngokwesini kunye namanye ama-MSM anikezela ngezinto ezikhethekileyo zengqondo eziqhuba le ngxaki phakathi kweli qela, kubandakanywa nabaxinzelelo bezinto ezincinci kulo lonke uphuhliso (Iiparsons, iGrov, kunye neGolub, 2012; I-Parsons et al., 2008) kunye nolwalamano phakathi kweengxaki zokuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo kunye neHIV (Dodge et al., 2008; IGrov, iParsons, kunye neBimbi, 2010). Ukongezelela kokufumana iingxaki ezingafaniyo kunye noxhatshazo oluxhatshazwayo ngokumalunga nama-sexual sexual (IBaum kunye neFishman, 1994; IMissildine, uFeldstein, iPunzalan, kunye neParsons, 2005), abesilisa nabasetyhini baxabana nemilinganiselo ephakamileyo yamanye amanqaku aboniswe ukuba adibaniswe kunye nobundlobongela kunye neenkqubo ezinengqondo zokuziphatha, kuquka ukuxhaphazwa ngokwesini kwabantwana (Purcell et al., 2007) kunye nezixinzelelo ezinxulumene nokucwasana noluntu (I-Muench kunye neParsons, ngo-2004; Pincu, 1989). Ezi zixinzelelo zidibanisa neengxaki zempilo yengqondo, njengengxaki yokuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo, ukudala iqoqo leengxaki zengxaki, okanye ukugula, okwenzakalisa impilo yeli qela labantu ngabanye.I-Parsons et al., 2012; Stall et al., 2003). Ngaloo ndlela, ukuchongwa kwamacandelo athatyathwayo nayiphi na yale mingcipheko yempilo inokuphazamisa ukuphazamiseka kwempilo yeengxaki ezibandakanyekayo ezijongene namalungu aluntu.
Isifundo Soku
Ngokusekwe kwingcinga yokuba i-maladaptive cognitions malunga nesondo ithatha indima ephambili kugcino lwe-hypersexuality eyingxaki, siye safuna ukwenza umlinganiso ofanelekileyo wokubamba olu lwakhiwo kunye nokuvavanya amandla ayo okuqikelela kwangaphambili okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili, ukwahluka okwahlukileyo kwi-hypersexuality emva kokulungelelanisa isitshixo. i-correlates ye-hypersexuality echongiweyo kuphando ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Olu phando lokuqala kwindima ye-maladaptive cognitions malunga nesondo ekuqikeleleni i-hypersexuality eyingxaki imele injongo yophando oluphambili olunikwe ithuba lokuba ezinye iindlela zonyango zangoku zale meko zinokusilela ukujongana nendima ebalulekileyo yokuqonda malunga nesondo okanye ngokungazi ukukhuthaza ukuqonda okugcina. hypersexuality (umzekelo, inkolelo yokuba umntu akakwazi ukulawula ukuziphatha kwakhe ngokwesondo). Ngokwenza umlinganiso ovakalayo we-psychometrically we-maladaptive cognitions malunga nesondo kunye nokuvavanya amandla ayo okuxela kwangaphambili umahluko okhethekileyo kunye nobekungachazwanga ngaphambili kwingxaki yokwabelana ngesondo, besinethemba lokuqhubela phambili umfanekiso opheleleyo wale ngxaki kwaye sinikezele ngonyango lwenoveli ekujoliswe kuyo eboniswe ukuba iyasebenza kubantu abaninzi abanengqondo. ukuphazamiseka kwezempilo.
Iinjongo kunye neengqikelelo zolu phononongo ziquka oku kulandelayo:
Injongo 1. Ukuvelisa izinto eziya kubandakanywa kumlinganiselo wokuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo phakathi kwamadoda angama-gay kunye nesini esibini.
Injongo yesi-2. Ukuseka i-factor structure yezinto, chonga i-discrete subscales, kwaye uchonge ubudlelwane besakhiwo phakathi kwee-subscales.
Injongo ye-3. Ukuseka amandla okuqonda i-maladaptive malunga nesondo ukuqikelela ukuhluka okungafaniyo kwingxaki yokulungiswa kwe-hypersexuality ukulungiswa kwezinto eziphambili eziye zasekwa kuphando lwangaphambili. Sicinge ukuba ukuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo kuya kuxela kwangaphambili ingxaki yokwabelana ngesondo ngokwesini, njengoko kuchazwa ngokusebenza I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities (DSM-5) Iqela eliSebenzayo kwiZiphazamiso zeSazisi ngokwesondo kunye nesini (Umbutho we-Psychiatric Association, i-2010), ukulungelelanisa (1) iimpawu zokudakumba kunye nexhala, (2) ukungxama (Schwartz kunye noAbramowitz, ngo-2003), (3) ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokweemvakalelo, (4) iingxaki zokuthintelwa ngokwesondo kunye nemincili (IBancroft kunye neVukadinovic, 2004), kunye (5) nesinyanzelo ngokwesondo (IKalichman kunye neRompa, ngo-1995, 2001).
INDLELA
Uhlahlelo lweli nqaku lwenziwe kwidatha evela kuphononongo oluqhubekayo lwamadoda alala ngesondo kakhulu kunye namadoda achongwe ngokwesini kwisiXeko saseNew York egxile kwimiba yokulalana. Eyona njongo iphambili yolu phando yayikukubhalisa amadoda athandana namanye amadoda athandana nesini esifanayo ngokumalunga nokuziphatha ngokwesondo kodwa ahluke ngendlela iingcinga zawo zesini kunye nokuziphatha kwazo ezibangela iingxaki kubomi babo-inkalo echazayo yokwabelana ngesondo. Uhlalutyo lweli nqaku lugxininise kwiqela lokuqala lamadoda angama-202 awayebhalise kulo msebenzi.
Abathathi-nxaxheba kunye neNkqubo
Ukuqala ngoFebruwari 2011, saqala ukubhalisa abathathi-nxaxheba sisebenzisa indibaniselwano yamacebo okugaya: (1) isampulu eqhutywa ngabaphenduli; (2) iintengiso ezisekelwe kwi-intanethi kwiiwebhusayithi zentlalo kunye nezesondo; (3) uqhushumbo lwe-imeyile ngokusebenzisa uluhlu lweqela lezesondo zesini kwisiXeko saseNew York; kunye (4), ukugaywa kwabantu ngokusebenzayo kwiindawo zeSixeko saseNew York, njengeebhari/iiklabhu zokwabelana ngesondo namatheko okwabelana ngesondo. Abathathi-nxaxheba abaqeshwe kwi-intanethi okanye kwiishifti ezisekelwe kwindawo esebenzayo baye bahlolwa kwangaphambili kusetyenziswa uphando olufutshane mhlawumbi ngokusebenzisa indawo ye-intanethi ye-Qualtrics (www.qualtrics.com) okanye uphando lweselula nge-iPod Touch, ngokulandelelanayo. Eli nani langaphambili lesikrini livavanyiwe lamaqabane ngesondo ukongeza kwizinto eziguquguqukayo ezifanelekileyo kwezinye izifundo ebesizivavanya. Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba bagqibe udliwano-ndlebe olufutshane, olusekelwe kwifowuni ukuze baqinisekise ukufaneleka, okuchazwe njenge: (1) ubuncinane iminyaka eyi-18; (2) ngokwebhayoloji yindoda kwaye uzazise njengomntu oyindoda; (3) ubuncinci amaqabane alithoba ahlukeneyo ngokwesondo angamadoda kwiintsuku ezingaphambili ezingama-90, ubuncinane abe mabini kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ezingaphambili; (4) ukuzazisa njenge-gay, isini esibini, okanye enye into engeyiyo eyesini esahlukileyo (umz., queer); kunye (5) nokufikelela yonke imihla kwi-intanethi ukuze ugqibezele iimvavanyo ezisekelwe kwi-intanethi (okt, uphando lwasekhaya, idayari yemihla ngemihla).
Abathathi-nxaxheba babengabandakanywanga kwiprojekthi ukuba babonise ubungqina bokuphazamiseka okunzulu kwengqondo okanye kwengqondo okuya kuphazamisa inxaxheba yabo okanye ukunciphisa amandla abo okubonelela ngemvume enolwazi, njengoko kuboniswe ngamanqaku e-23 okanye ngaphantsi kwi-Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) (Folstein, Folstein, & McHugh, 1975) okanye ubungqina beempawu ezisebenzayo nezingalawulwayo kwiimpawu zengqondo okanye amacandelo okuzibulala kwi-Structured Clinical Interview ye-DSM-IV-IR (SCID) (Okokuqala, Spitzer, Gibbon, & Williams, 2002).
Siye sabelana ngesondo kakhulu njengoko sinamaqabane alithoba ubuncinci ngeentsuku ezingama-90 phambi kokubhalisa, kwaye amabini kula maqabane ebephakathi kweentsuku ezingama-30 ezingaphambili. Olu thintelo lwalusekwe kuphando lwangaphambili (UGrov et al., 2010; Parsons, Bimbi, & Halkitis, 2001; I-Parsons et al., 2008), kubandakanywa isampulu esekwe-sekwe kwidolophu ye-MSM (Stall et al., 2002, 2003) oye wafumanisa ukuba amaqabane angama-9 angaphezulu kwe-2-3 inani eliqhelekileyo labalingani bezesondo phakathi kwamadoda abelana ngesondo kunye namadoda angama-XNUMX. Ngenjongo yolu phononongo, amaqabane ngesondo achazwa njengokunxibelelana nalo naliphi na iqabane eliyindoda apho umthathi-nxaxheba ebebandakanyeka kwisenzo sesondo esinamandla okukhokelela kwi-orgasm, ebandakanya, kodwa ingaphelelanga apho, ukwamkeleka/kungangeni kwisondo sangasese, esamkelekileyo. Ukwabelana ngesondo ngomlomo, ukufumana okanye ukwenza uvuselelo ezimpundu ngesandla okanye ngomlomo, kunye nokuphulula amalungu esini. Zonke iikhrayitheriya zokufaneleka zaqinisekiswa ekuqeshweni kwesiseko, kunye neendlela zesini eziqinisekisiweyo kusetyenziswa udliwano-ndlebe lokulandela emva kwexesha apho ikhalenda isetyenziselwa ukukhumbula ukuziphatha kwezesondo zemihla ngemihla (USobell noSobell, ngo-1992).
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphononongo kubandakanyeke kokubini ekhaya (kwi-intanethi) kunye novavanyo lwase-ofisini. Emva kokuba ilungu labasebenzi bophando liqinisekisile ukufaneleka kwabathathi-nxaxheba ngefowuni, abathathi-nxaxheba bathunyelwa ikhonkco ukuze bagqibezele uphando olusekelwe kwi-intanethi ekhaya ngaphambi kokuqeshwa kwabo okokuqala e-ofisini okuthathe malunga neyure enye ukuyigqiba. Imvume enolwazi lokuqala yokugqibezela uphando lwasekhaya yafunyanwa njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwe-intanethi. Abathathi-nxaxheba ke bagqiba uluhlu lwesibini sokuqeshwa kwesiseko kwindawo yophando kwaye banikezela imvume enolwazi ngokuthatha kwabo inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwiprojekthi yonyaka wonke ekuqaleni kokuqeshwa kwabo ubuso nobuso. Zonke iinkqubo zahlaziywa kwaye zamkelwa yiBhodi yokuJonga iziko leDyunivesithi yeSixeko saseNew York. Eli nqaku ligxininise ngokukodwa kwisiseko sedatha yophando lwasekhaya ukuhlola iimpawu ze-psychometric zesixhobo esitsha esitsha esihloselwe ukulinganisa i-maladaptive cognitions malunga nesondo.
Amanyathelo
I-Maladaptive Cognitions malunga ne-Sex Scale
Ngaphambi kokuphuhliswa kweNgcaciso ye-Maladaptive malunga ne-Sex Scale (MCAS) yokusetyenziswa kwayo ngaphakathi kwisifundo samanje, isifundo sokulinga, esiqulethe udliwano-ndlebe olufanelekileyo kunye namadoda angama-60, lwenziwa. Udliwano-ndlebe olusemgangathweni lwathi emva koko lwabhalwa ngokwezwi nezwi. Ukongeza ekuhloleni imiba eqhelekileyo yesini sabathathi-nxaxheba, indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo, kunye nomxholo wokuziphatha komntu ngokwesondo, udliwano-ndlebe lukwaqulathe imibuzo ethile malunga nomxholo weengcinga eziqhelekileyo zabathathi-nxaxheba phambi nasemva kokwabelana ngesondo. Umbhali wokuqala wafunda umbhalo ngamnye ukuze aphuhlise uvavanyo lweemeko zengqondo kunye nokuziphatha abathathi-nxaxheba abafumana i-hypersexuality echazwe njengengxaki. Ngenxa yale nkqubo, umbhali wokuqala uvelise uluhlu lokuqala lwe-maladaptive cognitions ebonakala ngathi idibene ne-hypersexuality.
Siye emva koko sasebenzisa olu lwazi lungalunganga kunye nendlela ephindaphindwayo yoluhlu lwasimahla ukuvelisa izinto zesikali ezijongwe ukuphonononga ubungakanani babantu abanamava ohlukeneyo okuqonda okungalunganga. Siye sabonisana neengcali zengqondo zeklinikhi kunye nezentlalo eziziingcali kummandla wokuziphatha ngokwesondo kunye nomngcipheko wesondo phakathi kwamadoda angama-gay kunye ne-bisexual anike ingxelo ngomxholo wezinto kunye nohlaziyo olucetywayo.
Ngenxa yale nkqubo yokuphindaphinda, siye saphuhlisa imimandla emithathu jikelele yengqiqo ye-maladaptive ebesinethemba lokuyibamba: (1) sikhulisa imfuneko yesini (okt, iMfuneko eyandisiweyo yesikali), (2) ukungafaneleki kwiinzuzo zesini (okt. I-Benefits subscale), kunye (3) nokunciphisa ukukwazi komntu ukulawula iingcinga zesini kunye nokuziphatha (okt, i-Minimized Self-Efficacy subscale). Siphuhlise izinto ezili-17 zizonke: izinto ezisixhenxe eziphathelele ekukhuliseni imfuneko yokwabelana ngesondo (umz., "Ndifuna ukwabelana ngesondo ukuze ndizive ndonwabile ngendlela endikhangeleka ngayo"), izinto ezisixhenxe eziphathelele ekuthinteleni izibonelelo zokwabelana ngesondo (umz., ukwenzakalisa ngaphezu kokulungileyo”), kunye nezinto ezintathu eziphathelele ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kakuhle ngokwesondo (umz., “Ukucinga nje ngesondo kudla ngokundikhokelela ekubeni ndiyifune”). Iingqiqo ezibanjiweyo kwisikali zinokuthi zibe buthathaka kuphela ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yokucinga ngesondo. Ngaloo ndlela, sisebenzise ukhetho lweempendulo eziye zanda ngamandla ukusuka kwi-1 (soze) kwi5 (Ngalo lonke ixesha) ukubamba ubungakanani beengcinga bezisiya zisiya zicalula ngendlela yokwenyani okanye engeyonto eqhelekileyo yeengcinga ezingalunganga.
Onke amanyathelo obungakanani asetyenzisiweyo kolu hlalutyo agqitywe njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwasekhaya. Emva kokunika imvume yokuqhubeka nophando, abathathi-nxaxheba bagqibe ukunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo kunye nemilinganiselo ye-hypersexuality kunye ne-questionnaire ye-demographic, elandelwa yinyathelo ngalinye elongezelelweyo. Onke amanyathelo adityaniswe ngokweebhloko ezinezihloko (umzekelo, ibala, isini, impilo yengqondo) kunye nolandelelwano lweebhloko ngaphakathi kovavanyo kunye nemilinganiselo ngaphakathi kweebhloko zombini zenziwe ngokungenamkhethe ukuze zisasazeke ngokulinganayo iziphumo zolandelelwano ezinokubangelwa kukubekwa kwe-serial kunye ne-priming.
Amanani abantu
Abathathi-nxaxheba bacelwa ukuba bachaze iimpawu ezininzi zabantu, kubandakanya ubudala, ubuhlanga / ubuhlanga, utyekelo lwezesondo, imvelaphi yemfundo, ubume bobudlelwane, kunye nobume be-HIV. Ngaphandle kweminyaka yobudala, eyavavanywa kusetyenziswa ifomati yokuphendula ngokukhululekileyo, iimpawu zedemografi ziye zavavanywa kusetyenziswa iindlela zokuphendula ezichazwe kwangaphambili kwaye, xa kuyimfuneko, zacuthwa zibe ziindidi ezinentsingiselo (1 Table).
1 Table
Iimpawu zeDemographic zeSampuli
| Eziguqukayo | n | % |
|---|---|---|
| Ubuhlanga / ubuhlanga | ||
| Mnyama | 33 | 16.3 |
| Latino | 30 | 14.9 |
| Mhlophe | 114 | 56.4 |
| Asian/Native Haw./Pac. Isiqithi | 4 | 2.0 |
| Iintlanga / nezinye | 16 | 7.9 |
| Okunye/Akwaziwa | 5 | 2.5 |
| Ubume be-HIV | ||
| Udandathekile | 121 | 59.9 |
| Positive | 81 | 40.1 |
| Ukwaziswa ngezesondo | ||
| Gay, queer, okanye ubufanasini | 172 | 85.6 |
| ulala | 24 | 11.9 |
| Olunye ulwazi olungelulo olwahlukileyo | 6 | 2.5 |
| Isimo sengqesho | ||
| Ixesha eliphelele | 70 | 34.7 |
| Ngamaxesha athile | 50 | 24.8 |
| Ngokukhubazeka | 23 | 11.4 |
| Umfundi (ongaphangeliyo) | 18 | 8.9 |
| Ngasebenzi | 41 | 20.3 |
| Owona Mfunelo uPhakamileyo weMfundo | ||
| Idiploma yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo/GED okanye ngaphantsi | 23 | 11.4 |
| Enye ikholeji okanye isidanga soMdibaniso | 61 | 30.2 |
| Isidanga seBachelor okanye esinye isidanga seminyaka emi-4 | 66 | 32.7 |
| IsiGanga seMatriki | 52 | 25.7 |
| Ubume bobudlelwanehi enye | ||
| enye | 159 | 78.7 |
| Idibene | 43 | 21.3 |
| M | SD | |
| Iminyaka (kwiminyaka) | 37.03 | 11.35 |
Ingxaki ye-Hypersexuality
Abathathi-nxaxheba bagqibe i-Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory (HDSI), isixhobo esicetywayo Umbutho waseMelika woNyango lweeNzululwazi DSM-5 Iqela eliSebenzayo kwiZiphazamiso zeSazisi ngokwesondo kunye nesini (2010). Isikali siquka izinto ezisixhenxe ezahlulwe zibe ngamacandelo amabini (icandelo A no-B) iinqobo zokulinganisa zokulinganisa ezifikelelwe kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezingaphambili. Icandelo A liqulathe izinto ezintlanu ezilinganisa iingcinga eziphindaphindayo nezibukhali zesini, iminqweno, kunye nokuziphatha (umz., “Kwiinyanga ezi-6 ezidlulileyo, ndiye ndasebenzisa iingcinga zesini kunye nokuziphatha ngokwesondo ukumelana neemvakalelo ezinzima, umzekelo, ixhala, usizi, ukukruquka, ukuphoxeka, ukuziva unetyala, okanye ukuhlazeka”) kunye neCandelo B liqulathe izinto ezimbini ezilinganisa uxinzelelo kunye nokwenzakala ngenxa yale mibono, izibongozo, kunye nokuziphatha (umz., “Kwiinyanga ezi-6 ezidlulileyo, ukusoloko ucinga ngesondo, iminqweno kunye nokuziphatha kubangele iingxaki ezinkulu kum kubuqu, kwintlalontle, emsebenzini, okanye kwezinye iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zobomi bam”). Iimpendulo zifunyenwe kwi-0 (Ungaze uyinyani) kwi4 (Phantse isoloko iyinyani), eziye zashwankathelwa ukuba zibonelele ngamanqaku obunzima obupheleleyo ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-28. Izinto zibonise ubungqina bokuqina okuqinileyo kwangaphakathi kule sampuli (α = 0.90). Iikhrayitheriya zokuxilonga ziye zacetywa ezifuna impendulo yokubhalwa kwakhona kwii-dichotomies apho ixabiso le-3 okanye i-4 weekhowudi njenge-1 kunye nazo zonke ezinye zabhalwa njenge-0. Ukulandela ukubhalwa kwakhona, ukuhlolwa okuqinisekileyo kwe-hypersexuality kwasebenza njengobukho ubuncinane be-4 ye-5 izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifanelekileyo kwiCandelo A kunye nobuncinci i-1 ye-2 kwiCandelo B. Uphando lwangaphambili lufumene ukuba isikali kunye ne-cutoff yayo inokuthembeka okuqinileyo (I-Parsons et al., 2013).
Ukuvinjwa ngokwesondo kunye noVuso
Abathathi-nxaxheba bagqibezele inguqulelo emfutshane, ye-14-into ye-Sexual Inhibition kunye ne-Sexual Excitation Scales (Bancroft, Graham, Janssen, & Sanders, 2009; Bancroft & Janssen, 2000), elinganisa iinkqubo ezimbini ezijoliswe ekuphenduleni impendulo yesondo (okt, ukuvuselela kunye nokuthintela). Umlinganiselo wawuquka izinto ezintandathu ezivavanywe ukuvuswa okubangelwa yimeko yentlalo (umzekelo, "Xa umntu ongaziwayo onomdla ngokwesondo endichukumisa ngengozi, ndiye ndivuke lula"), izinto ezine ezivavanye isithintelo esibangelwa kukuxhalaba malunga nokungakwazi ukwenza ngokwesondo (umz., "Xa ndinengcinga ephazamisayo, ndilahlekelwa lula ukuma kwam"), kunye nezinto ezine ezivavanya ukuthintela okubangelwa yimiphumo emibi yokusebenza ngokwesondo (umz., "Ukuba ndiphulula amaphambili kwaye ndiyaqonda ukuba kukho umntu oza kuza. egumbini nangawuphi na umzuzu, ndiya kuphulukana nokumiswa kwam"). Iinketho zokuphendula zisukela kwi-1 (Andivumi kwaphela) kwi4 (Ndivuma kakhulu). Ngenjongo yokuhlalutya kwethu, iimpendulo kwizinto ezivela kwi-subscale nganye zilinganiswe ukuba zenze isalathiso esinye sochulumanco kunye nezalathisi ezimbini zokuthintela (okt, "I-Sexual Inhibition I" ehambelana neenkxalabo malunga nokungakwazi ukwenza ngokwesondo kunye "ne-Sexual Inhibition II" ehambelana nokuthintelwa okuvela kumava anokubakho angalunganga). Ukuhambelana kwangaphakathi kwezi zintlu ezintathu ukusuka kwi-0.70 ukuya kwi-0.81.
Impulsivity
Abathathi-nxaxheba bagqibezele i-30-item ye-Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Scale version 11 (BIS-11) (UPatton, uStanford, kunye noBarratt, ngo-1995). Isikali siqulethe izinto ezilinganisa iindidi ezintandathu zokungxama ezilayisha kwiindawo ezintathu jikelele: impulsiveness (umz., “Ndineengcinga zomdyarho”), impulsiveness (umz., “Ndichitha okanye ndibiza ngaphezulu kunomvuzo wam”), kunye -ukucwangcisa ngokungxama (umz., “Ndinomdla kakhulu kwixesha langoku kunelixa elizayo”). Iinketho zokuphendula zisukela kwi-1 (Afane/azange) kwi4 (Phantse rhoqo/Soloko) eziye zashwankathelwa kuzo zonke izinto ukuze zifumane amanqaku apheleleyo okungxamiseka anokuthi asuse kwi-30 ukuya kwi-120. Ukuhambelana kwangaphakathi kwesi sikali kwakukuhle (α = 0.84).
Ubunzima kunye noLawulo lweMvakalelo
Abathathi-nxaxheba bagqibe i-36-into yobunzima kunye ne-Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) (UGratz kunye noRoemer, ngo-2004) esilinganisa iingxaki ngokubanzi ezilawula iimvakalelo kunye nemimandla ethile emithandathu yobunzima bolawulo lweemvakalelo. Abathathi-nxaxheba baphendule kwisikali ukusuka kwi-1 (Phantse soze [0–10%]) kwi5 (Phantse ngalo lonke ixesha [91–100%]) kwinto nganye kwaye, ngeenjongo zeli nqaku, sisebenzise amanqaku apheleleyo, abalwe njengempendulo evakalayo kwizinto ezingama-36. Ukuhambelana kwangaphakathi kulo mlinganiso kwakunamandla (α = 0.94)
Ixhala kunye nokudakumba
Abathathi-nxaxheba bagqibezela i-12-into yokuNxwala kunye nokuNxibelela phantsi kwe-Symptom Inventory emfutshane (BSI) (I-Derogatis, 1975), equlethe izinto ezingama-53 zizonke kunye nemilinganiselo yeempawu ezilithoba. Isikali ngasinye kwezi zimbini siqulethe izinto ezintandathu ezijonge ukulinganisa iimpawu zokudakumba (umz., “Ukuziva ungenathemba ngekamva”) okanye ixhala (umzekelo, “Ukuziva ungaphumli awukwazanga ukuhlala kakuhle”) kwiveki engaphambili. Ukhetho lweempendulo lusukela ku-0 (Hayi akunjalo) kwi4 (Kakhulu). Inqaku elisezantsi ngalinye libalwe ngokushwankathela kuzo zonke izinto ezintandathu kwaye iimali zazo zombini izikali zadityaniswa ukuze zenze inqaku leempawu ezinxulumene nemo kunye nexhala. Ii-subscales ezimbini zidibaniswe kwisalathiso esisodwa kunye nokuqina okuqinileyo kwangaphakathi (α = 0.93).
Ukunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo
Abathathi-nxaxheba bagqibe isikali sokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo (SCS) (Kalichman et al., 1994; IKalichman kunye neRompa, ngo-2001). I-SCS ngowona mlinganiselo usetyenziswa kakhulu wokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesondo, ukuxhalaba ngokwesini, kunye neengcinga eziphazamisayo ngokwesondo kunye namadoda athandana nesini kunye nabasetyhini (Hook, Hook, Davis, Worthington, & Penberthy, 2010). Iqukethe izinto ze-10 (umzekelo, "Iminqweno yam yokulala ngesondo iphazamise ubomi bam bemihla ngemihla") ezilinganiswe kwisikali sohlobo lwe-Likert ukusuka kwi-1 (andifani nam kwaphela) kwi4 (kakhulu njengam). Iimpendulo kwinto nganye zishwankathelwe ukufumana amanqaku apheleleyo (uluhlu lwe-10-40). I-SCS ibonakaliswe ukuba inokuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokunyaniseka kwizifundo ezininzi. Esi silinganisi sasinokuqina okuqinileyo kwangaphakathi (α = 0.89).
Isicwangciso sohlalutyo
Siqale ngokuphonononga ukuba ingaba ezi zintlu ezithathu esizifumeneyo ekufundeni kwethu okushicilelweyo kunye nengxelo yeengcali-iMfuneko eyandisiweyo, iZibonelelo eziNgafanelekiyo, kunye nokuSebenza okuNcincisiweyo-zimele ngokuchanekileyo ubume besikali se-MCAS. Siphinde sazama ukuvavanya ukuba ingaba iMfuneko eYandisiweyo kunye neCandelwana loNcedo oluNcinyiweyo lwalune-orthogonal omnye komnye. Sisebenzisa i-Mplus Version 6.12, sifaka imodeli yohlalutyo lwe-confirmatory factor (CFA) kwidatha kunye ne-Items 1-7 elayishwa kwi-Magnified Necessity subscale, i-Items 8-14 kwi-Disqualified Benefits subscale, kunye ne-Items 15-17 kwi-Minimized Self- Ukusebenza komncinane. Ngaphakathi kwe-CFA, sivavanye izikhombisi ezisemgangathweni zemodeli efanelekileyo (Amtmann et al., 2010, 2012; Bentler, 1990; Hu & Bentler, ngo-1999; I-Kline, i-2010; Reise & Haviland, 2005; West, Finch, & Curran, 1995), equka uthelekiso olufanelekileyo lwesalathiso (CFI) olukhulu kuno-0.95, ingcambu ithetha impazamo yesikwere soqikelelo (RMSEA) ngaphantsi kwe-0.06, isalathisi se-Tucker Lewis (TLI) esikhulu kuno-0.95, kunye nengcambu esemgangathweni ithetha i-square residual (SRMR) ngaphantsi kwe-0.08. Siye savavanya kwakhona izalathisi zohlengahlengiso ukuze sifumane izinto ezinokunxibelelana okunokwenzeka okushiyekileyo kunye nezinye izinto zemodeli engafanelekanga.
Sisebenzisa iziphumo ze-CFA, siye saqhuba ngokulandelayo imodeli ye-equation equation (SEM) eyasivumela ukuba sihlolisise ubudlelwane bolwakhiwo phakathi kwamacandelo amathathu ukongeza kubudlelwane babo kunye novavanyo olufanelekileyo kwi-hypersexuality. Siye savavanya imodeli apho iMfuneko eKhulisiweyo kunye neeNzuzo eziNgcotshiweyo ezingaphantsi zazingadityaniswanga. Siye sayibuyisela umva into efihlakeleyo encitshisiweyo yokuzisebenza ngokufihlakeleyo kwiMfuneko eyandisiweyo kunye neZibonelelo eziNgafanelekiyo (oko kukuthi, sivavanye ukuba ingaba ezi zintlu zimbini ziqikelele isikali esiNcitshiswayo sokuZisebenza ngokuNcitshiswayo). Siye sayibuyisela umva i-manifest (okt, siqaphele) ukuguquguquka kweziphumo zovavanyo lwe-hypersexuality kuzo zontathu ii-subscales ezifihlakeleyo ze-MCAS (okt, siye savavanya ukuba ngaba ezi zintathu ziqikelelwa zibonise ukuba zilungile na kwi-hypersexuality) kwaye savavanya zombini iziphumo ezithe ngqo nezingathanga ngqo ze-MCAS. Imfuneko eYandisiweyo kunye neeNzuzo eziKhuselekileyo eziphantsi kokuhlolwa kwe-hypersexuality screening (okt, siye savavanya ukuba ingaba impembelelo yezi zintlu zimbini ekuhlolweni kobulili obufanayo yayiye yalamlwa ngokuyinxenye ngobudlelwane babo kunye nokuNcitshiswa kokuSelf-Efficacy).
Ngokulandelayo senza uluhlu lohlalutyo lokuphonononga ngaphandle kwesakhelo somzekelo ofihlakeleyo usebenzisa i-SPSS version 20. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo ze-CFA, sibale amanqaku angaphantsi njengempendulo ephakathi kuzo zonke izinto ezingaphakathi kwe-subscale. Sisebenzise i-Pearson's corelation coefficients kunye nohlalutyo lokwahluka (ANOVA) ukuhlola unxulumano phakathi kwamanqaku e-MCAS asezantsi kunye neempawu zedemografi. Siye savavanya ngokulandelayo unxibelelwano lwe-bivariate ye-subscales ezintathu kunye nezinye i-theorized okanye i-empirically ebonisa ukuqikelelwa kwengqondo ye-hypersexuality (okt, imincili yezesondo, inhibition yezesondo, i-impulsiveness, i-depression disregulation, ukudakumba / ukuxhalaba, kunye nokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo) usebenzisa i-Pearson's coefficients coefficients. Okokugqibela, sisebenzise uhlengahlengiso lokujonga ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kwamanqaku asezantsi e-MCAS kwiziphumo zokuhlolwa kwe-hypersexuality ezilungelelanisa iimpembelelo zezinye iziqikelelo zengqondo ezikhankanywe ngaphambili kunye nesimo se-HIV, uguquko oludidayo olubonakalisiweyo kumlinganiselo wolwakhiwo olunxulumene nesini esinesondo (hypersexuality-related constructs). umz. UGrov et al., 2010; I-Parsons et al., 2012, 2013).
IINKCUKACHA
Njengoko kunokubonwa ngaphakathi 1 Table, isampulu yayahluke kakhulu ngokumalunga nobudala, uhlanga/ubuhlanga, ubume be-HIV, kunye nomsebenzi. Uninzi lwesampulu lwalunemfundo yekholeji okanye yasemva kwesekondari kwaye uninzi lwamadoda lwalungatshatanga ngexesha lokuqeshwa kwabo kokuqala. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba asizange sizame ukugqithisa naziphi na iimpawu zabantu, isampuli yethu yayihluke kakhulu kunabantu ngokubanzi be-MSM malunga nezinto ezininzi, ngakumbi isimo se-HIV (Smith et al., 2010).
I-Factor Analyses ye-Maladaptive Cognitions malunga ne-Sex Scale
Iziphumo zeCFA ziboniswe kwi 2 Table. Senze uhlalutyo lokuqala kunye nazo zonke izinto kwaye emva koko senza uhlengahlengiso oluphindaphindiweyo kwisikali esisekwe kwimodeli yeeparamitha kunye nezalathisi zohlengahlengiso ukuphelisa iingxaki zengqondo ezifana nokuxhomekeka kwendawo (okt, ulungelelwaniso olushiyekileyo phakathi kwezinto) kunye nokulayisha okunqamlezayo kwizinto ezininzi. Nangona ezi ngxaki zinokusingathwa ngokulula ngokweenkcukacha-manani kusetyenziswa izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifihlakeleyo, zinika ubunzima xa zizama ukusebenzisa imodeli engafihliyo njengohlengahlengiso olulula lomgca kunye namanqaku abalwayo abaliweyo asekelwe kumndilili weempendulo zezinto kuneziphumo zohlalutyo lweemeko. Ngoko ke, ezi zigqibo zenziwa ukuze kuphuhliswe isikali esinokusetyenziswa ngempumelelo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesakhelo somfuziselo esifihlakeleyo.
2 Table
Imifuziselo yoQinisekiso lokuqala nolokuGqibela lweZilinganisi eziNtathu ze-MCAS
| umcimbi | Ukulayishwa kweFactor yokuqala | Ukulayishwa kweFactor yokugqibela | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ustd. | SE | ISt. | SE | Ustd. | SE | ISt. | SE | |
| Imfuneko Eyandisiweyo | ||||||||
| 1. Ndifuna isondo ukuze ndilale ngcono | 1.00 | a | 0.76 | 0.04 | c | c | c | c |
| 2. Ndidinga isondo ukuze ndiphole xa ndinestress | 1.01 | 0.09 | 0.80 | 0.03 | 1.00 | a | 0.75 | 0.04 |
| 3. Ndifuna ukwabelana ngesondo ukunceda ukujamelana nokukruquka | 0.87 | 0.09 | 0.71 | 0.04 | 0.92 | 0.10 | 0.70 | 0.04 |
| 4. Ndifuna ukwabelana ngesondo ukuze ndizive kamnandi ngendlela endikhangeleka ngayo | 0.82 | 0.10 | 0.61 | 0.05 | c | c | c | c |
| 5. Ndifuna ukwabelana ngesondo ukuze ndincede ndinikele ingqalelo | 0.90 | 0.09 | 0.72 | 0.04 | 0.95 | 0.10 | 0.71 | 0.04 |
| 6. Ndifuna ukwabelana ngesondo ukuze ndenze unxibelelwano lwam nabanye | 0.84 | 0.11 | 0.59 | 0.05 | 0.90 | 0.11 | 0.60 | 0.05 |
| 7. Ndifuna isondo ukuze ndiphumle | 0.86 | 0.09 | 0.72 | 0.04 | 0.96 | 0.10 | 0.76 | 0.04 |
| Ukwahluka kweFactor eqikelelweyo | 0.84 | 0.14 | b | b | 0.75 | 0.13 | b | b |
| IiNzuzo ezingafanelekanga | ||||||||
| 8. Akufuneki ukuba ndiphulule amalungu esini | 1.00 | a | 0.44 | 0.06 | c | c | c | c |
| 9. Ukwabelana ngesondo yinkcitha xesha | 1.27 | 0.22 | 0.72 | 0.04 | 1.00 | a | 0.78 | 0.04 |
| 10. Ukwabelana ngesondo kukhokelela kwingozi ngaphezu kokulungileyo | 1.56 | 0.25 | 0.86 | 0.03 | 1.07 | 0.11 | 0.82 | 0.04 |
| 11. Ukwabelana ngesondo akufanelekanga | 1.34 | 0.23 | 0.73 | 0.04 | 0.99 | 0.10 | 0.75 | 0.04 |
| 12. Ukwabelana ngesondo kukhokelela enkathazweni | 1.23 | 0.21 | 0.72 | 0.04 | c | c | c | c |
| 13. Ukuba ndingathatha ipilisi yokunciphisa i-sex drive yam, ndingenza njalo | 1.02 | 0.21 | 0.48 | 0.06 | c | c | c | c |
| 14. Ukwabelana ngesondo akukho nto ngaphandle kokuba abantu ababini basebenzisane ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo | 0.84 | 0.19 | 0.41 | 0.06 | c | c | c | c |
| Ukwahluka kweFactor eqikelelweyo | 0.30 | 0.10 | b | b | 0.57 | 0.10 | b | b |
| Ukunciphisa Ukuzimela | ||||||||
| 15. Xa umfanekiso wesondo okanye ingcamango ingena engqondweni yam, kuba nzima ukuyiyeka | 1.00 | a | 0.87 | 0.02 | 1.00 | a | 0.87 | 0.02 |
| 16. Emva kokuba ndiqalise ukucinga ngesondo, kuba nzima ukuyeka | 1.10 | 0.06 | 0.93 | 0.02 | 1.10 | 0.06 | 0.94 | 0.02 |
| 17. Ukucinga nje ngesondo kudla ngokundikhokelela ekubeni ndiyifune | 0.89 | 0.06 | 0.79 | 0.03 | 0.89 | 0.06 | 0.79 | 0.03 |
| Ukwahluka kweFactor eqikelelweyo | 0.83 | 0.11 | b | b | 0.84 | 0.11 | b | b |
| IiCovariances eziqikelelweyo | IiCovariances eziqikelelweyo | |||||||
| Imfuneko eyandisiweyo kunye nokuSetyenziswa okuNcitshisiweyo | 0.44 | 0.08 | 0.52 | 0.06 | 0.45 | 0.08 | 0.57 | 0.06 |
| IiNzuzo eziNgafanelekiyo kunye nokuSetyenzwa okuNcitshisiweyo | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.26 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.07 |
| Imodeli Fit | Imodeli Fit | |||||||
| CFI/TLI | 0.90/0.88 | 0.98/0.97 | ||||||
| I-AIC/Adj. I-BIC | 9067.68/9075.10 | 5714.57/5719.47 | ||||||
| Imodeli χ2 (df) | I-278.49 (117), p <.001 | I-66.48 (42), p <.01 | ||||||
| I-RMSEA, i-95% CI | 0.08 [0.07, 0.10] | 0.05 [0.03, 0.08] | ||||||
| SMSR | 0.10 | 0.05 | ||||||
Phawula. Ustd. = Ayinamgangatho. SE = Impazamo eqhelekileyo. St. = Umgangatho.
Into yokuqala yokulayisha ikholamu ngaphakathi 2 Table ibonisa iziphumo ezingamiselwanga kunye nezisemgangathweni zeCFA nazo zonke izinto ezili-17 ezifakwe kwizinto zazo. Njengoko kunokubonwa kwi 2 Table, imodeli yokuqala ayizange ifake idatha kakuhle-i-CFI kunye ne-TLI zombini zingaphantsi kwe-0.95 kwaye i-RMSEA yayingaphezulu kwe-0.06. Kwakukho imithombo emininzi yokungahambi kakuhle kwimodeli yokuqala. Amanqaku 8, 13, kunye ne-14 alayishwa kakubi kwi-Disqualified Benefits subscale ngokunxulumene nezinye izinto kwaye zaye zasuswa kuphindaphindo lwexesha elizayo. Inqaku le-1 lisuswe ngenxa yokulungelelaniswa okuphezulu kwe-residual kunye ne-Item 2 kunye ne-Item 4 yasuswa ngenxa yokulungelelaniswa okushiyekileyo kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi kwi-Magnified Necessity subscale. Ubukho bokulungelelaniswa okushiyekileyo bucebisa ukuba, ukongeza kumba womdla, izinto zabelana ngolunye ulwakhiwo olungalinganiswanga olufana nolukhokelele ekubeni kushiyeke i-covariation engachazwanga yimodeli enokuthi ithathele ingqalelo ukusetyenziswa okungafihliyo kwesikali esingathathi covariation kwi-akhawunti. Inqaku le-12 lisusiwe ngenxa yokulayishwa ngokunqamlezayo kwi-Minimized Self-Efficacy subscale kunye nokulungelelaniswa okushiyekileyo kunye nezinto ezininzi kweso sikali.
Imodeli yokugqibela ye-CFA yayiphucule kakhulu ukufaneleka, kunye nazo zonke izalathisi ngaphandle kwestatistiki yovavanyo lwe-chi-square ebonisa ukufaneleka olomeleleyo kwidatha esekwe kwimida esekiweyo. Isikali seMfuneko eyandisiweyo siqulathe imiba 2, 3, 5, 6, kunye ne-7; isikali seeNcedo eziDityanisiweyo eziqulathe Imiba 9–11; i-Minimized Self-Efficacy subscale iqulathe Imiba 15–17. Iziphumo ezifunyenweyo nazo zaphuculwa ngokukhutshwa kwezinto-umzekelo, ukuhluka kweNzuzo eNgxowayo ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ulungelelwaniso lweMfuneko eyandisiweyo kunye neeNzuzo eziNgcotshiweyo eziphantsi kunye ne-Minimized Self-Efficacy subscale azizange zitshintshe ngokuncomekayo phakathi kweemodeli zangaphambili kunye nezokugqibela. Ukunqongophala okucingelwayo kolungelelwaniso phakathi kweMfuneko kunye neeNzuzo ezisezantsi zixhaswe yimodeli. Xa kuvunyelwe ukuba kuhluke ngokukhululekileyo kwaye kuqikelelwe yimodeli, ulungelelwaniso luqikelelwa ukuba luyi-0.07, lwalungabalulekanga, kwaye lube lubi ngakumbi kwimodeli yonke.
Ukwenza umzekelo woMbutho phakathi kwe-MCAS Subscales kunye ne-Hypersexuality
Emva kokuqinisekisa esona sakhiwo sifanelekileyo kumanqanaba amathathu e-MCAS, siye safuna ngokulandelayo ukuvavanya ubudlelwane bolwakhiwo phakathi kwabo kunye neziphumo zokuhlolwa kwe-hypersexuality. Iziphumo zohlalutyo lwe-SEM ziboniswe kwi Ikhiwane. 1. Uhlalutyo lwe-SEM luqinisekisile imodeli yokuqonda i-hypersexuality ehambelanayo kunye neendlela ezizilawulayo ezisebenzayo zokuziphatha, njengoko kuchazwe kwiNgxoxo. Ukulinganisa imodeli bekugqwesile, nazo zonke izalathisi ezigqithise kwiikhrayitheriya ezisezantsi zomfaneleko olungileyo. Zomibini iMfuno eNyuliweyo kunye neeNzuzo eziNcedayo zineziphumo ezithe ngqo kwi-Minimized Self-Efficacy subscale, ebonisa ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu kwezi zinto zimbini zidibene nokunciphisa ngakumbi ukuzimela ngokwesondo komntu; isikali seMfuneko eyandisiweyo sasiqikelelo esinamandla ngokubonakalayo sokuSebenza okuNcitshisiweyo kokuZiphatha ngokuNcitshiswayo kunesikali seNzuzo eziNgafanelanga. Zonke ii-subscales ezintathu ziqikelele ngokuphawulekayo ukuhlolwa kwe-hypersexuality kwaye yachaza i-45% yokwahluka kwiziphumo zokuhlola. Impembelelo yeMfuno eNyuliweyo kunye neZibonelelo eziNgamkelekanga ekuvavanyeni i-hypersexuality yalamlwa ngokuyinxenye yi-Minimized Self-Efficacy-zombini zibe neziphumo ezithe ngqo ezithe ngqo ngokuNcitshiswa kokuZiphatha kakuhle. Kuzo zonke, iMfuno eMandisiweyo yayiyeyona nto inamandla yokuhlola i-hypersexuality kunye nesiphumo esipheleleyo se-0.55 xa kuthelekiswa ne-0.32 yeeNzuzo eziKhutshiweyo kunye ne-0.26 yokuNcitshiswa kokuSelf-Efficacy.
Imodeli yoLwakhiwo loMbutho phakathi kweeNgcaciso ze-Maladaptive malunga neSini kunye nengxaki ye-hypersexuality.
Ii-Coefficients zichazwe kwifomathi esemgangathweni. I-Hypersexuality yangeniswa njenge-dichotomous, eguquguqukayo ebonakalayo kunye ne-Probit regression kunye ne-Weighted Least Squares Estimation yasetyenziswa. I-Covariance phakathi kweMfuno eNyuliweyo kunye neZibonelelo eziNgamkelekanga zimiselwe kwi-0 kwaye iyantlukwano nganye ilinganiswe kwi-1 ngaphakathi kweziphumo ezisemgangathweni ezinikezelweyo. *p ≤ .05; **p ≤ .01; ***p ≤ .001. Ukufaneleka koMfanekiso: Umzekelo χ2 (df) = 51.60 (50), p = .41; CFI = 1.00; I-RMSEA = 0.01; Amathuba e-RMSEA ≤ .05 = 0.97; I-WRMR = 0.53.
Umahluko ngokwedemografi kwi-MCAS Subscales
Sisebenzisa indlela enye ye-ANOVA enowona mahluko uncinci kaFisher (okt, LSD) iimvavanyo zasemva kwe-hoc, sifumene umahluko omkhulu kumanqaku kwi-Disqualified Benefits subscale ngokobuhlanga/ngemvelaphi yobuhlanga. Amadoda amnyama ayenamanqaku aphezulu kwi-Disqualified Benefits subscale kuneLatino (p = .004), Mhlophe (p = .02), kunye namadoda anemvelaphi engaziwayo (p = .01); Amadoda aseLatino ayenamanqaku aphantsi kunabantu beentlanga ezininzi (p = .04) ukongeza kumadoda aMnyama; amadoda awayezintlanga ngeentlanga ayenamanqaku aphezulu kunamadoda anemvelaphi engaziwayo (p = .03) ukongeza kumadoda aseLatino. Akukho yantlukwano ibalulekileyo yobuhlanga/yobuhlanga efunyenweyo malunga neMfuneko eYandisiweyo okanye iNcitho yokuZisebenza ngokuNcitshiswayo kwaye asikhange sichonge naluphi na umahluko kwimizobo emithathu ye-MCAS ngesimo se-HIV, ingqesho, ukufikelela kwimfundo, okanye ubume bobudlelwane.
I-Bivariate Association ye-MCAS Subscales eneZiguquguquko zeNgqondo eziBalulekileyo
Ngokulandelayo siye saphonononga ulungelelwaniso lwe-bivariate phakathi kwee-subscales ezintathu ze-MCAS kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ngokwasengqondweni ezicetywe ngokwethiyori okanye ngokwamandla ukuba zibe nefuthe kwi-hypersexuality. Njengoko kunokubonwa kwi 3 Table, sifumene iipateni ezifanayo zonxulumano kuwo wonke ama-subscales amathathu, kwaye nganye inonxulumano olubalulekileyo nolulungileyo kunye nokungxamiseka, ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokweemvakalelo, ukudakumba / ukuxhalaba, kunye nokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo. Imfuneko eyandisiweyo kunye ne-Minimized Self-Efficacy subscales yayinxulunyaniswe ngokubalulekileyo kwaye ngokufanelekileyo nokuvuseleleka ngokwesondo ngelixa i-Disqualified Benefits subscale inomlingani ophantse ube ngu-zero. Zontathu iisubscales ze-MCAS zazinxulunyaniswe ngokubonakalayo kwaye ngokufanelekileyo kunye ne-Sexual Inhibition subscale ehambelana nesithintelo ngenxa yesoyikiso sokungaphumeleli kwentsebenzo (oko kukuthi, i-Sexual Inhibition I), ngelixa kuphela iCandelwana leBhenefithi eliDityanisiweyo lalinxulumana ne-Sexual Inhibition subscale enxulumene nokuthintelwa okuvela isoyikiso seziphumo zokusebenza (oko kukuthi, i-Sexual Inhibition II). Uninzi lwezinto eziguquguqukayo zengqondo nazo zazinobudlelwane obuqinileyo omnye komnye.
3 Table
I-Bivariate Correlations kunye neNkcazo yeNkcazo ye-Hypersexual Disorder kunye nezinto ezifanelekileyo zengqondo
| Eziguqukayo | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. I-Hypersexual Disorder Screening | - | ||||||||||
| 2. Imincili ngokwesondo | 0.20** | - | |||||||||
| 3. Uthintelo lwezesondo I | 0.19** | 0.12 | - | ||||||||
| 4. I-Sexual Inhibition II | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.39*** | - | |||||||
| 5. Ukuthabatheka | 0.30*** | 0.10 | 0.18* | 0.08 | - | ||||||
| 6. Ukungalawuleki ngokweemvakalelo | 0.40*** | 0.14* | 0.26*** | 0.11 | 0.58*** | - | |||||
| 7. Ukudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba | 0.43*** | 0.17* | 0.27*** | 0.13 | 0.43*** | 0.60*** | - | ||||
| 8. Ukunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo | 0.50*** | 0.22*** | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.42*** | 0.41*** | 0.34*** | - | |||
| 9. I-MCAS – iMfuneko eyandisiweyo | 0.36*** | 0.36*** | 0.15* | 0.03 | 0.31*** | 0.42*** | 0.43*** | 0.45*** | - | ||
| 10. I-MCAS – IiNzuzo eziNgafanelanga | 0.22** | -0.02 | 0.14* | 0.18* | 0.23*** | 0.18** | 0.21** | 0.16* | 0.06 | - | |
| 11. I-MCAS – UkuziSebenzisa okuNcitshisiweyo | 0.39*** | 0.51*** | 0.19** | 0.13 | 0.34*** | 0.43*** | 0.42*** | 0.56*** | 0.51*** | 0.16* | - |
| % okanye Ma | 20.3% | 3.12 | 2.25 | 2.32 | 65.37 | 80.85 | 0.98 | 24.28 | 2.77 | 1.92 | 2.98 |
| n or SD a | 41 | 0.54 | 0.60 | 0.63 | 10.99 | 23.09 | 0.84 | 7.09 | 0.90 | 0.85 | 0.97 |
| I-Cronbach's α | b | 0.81 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.84 | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.89 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.90 |
Phawula.
I-Logistic Regression Predicting Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory Outcomes
Kuhlalutyo lwethu lokugqibela, siye sazama ukuvavanya ukuba i-MCAS esandula ukuphuhliswa iza kusebenza njani xa ifakwe kwimodeli ngaxeshanye namanye amacandelo asekelwe kwithiyori kunye ne-empirically ye-hypersexuality. Imodeli yalungiselelwa isimo se-HIV, njengoko isimo se-HIV sibonakaliswe sinxulumene kakhulu nolwakhiwo olunxulumene nesini esifana nokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo (umz., UGrov et al., 2010; I-Parsons et al., 2012, 2013).
Iziphumo zohlengahlengiso lolungiselelo zibonisiwe kwi 4 Table. Sifumene ukuba, ngokusebenzisa le ndibaniselwano yezinto eziguquguqukayo njengee-predictors, phantse i-87% yabathathi-nxaxheba bahlelwa ngokuchanekileyo njenge-hypersexual okanye hayi ngemodeli. Nangona inguqu nganye ngaphandle komnye (okt, iSexual Inhibition II) yayinxulunyaniswa nokuhlelwa kwe-hypersexual kuhlalutyo lwe-bivariate, ezine kuphela eziye zavela njengezizimeleyo kumxholo wemodeli eguquguqukayo: ukuba ne-HIV kwanxulunyaniswa phantse namaxesha amathathu okungafaniyo kokuhlelwa kwe-hypersexual. , ukunyuswa kweyunithi yokudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba kwadibaniswa nokunyuka kwamaxesha e-2.3 kwimiba ye-hypersexual classification, kunye nokunyuka kweyunithi yokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo kwadibaniswa nokunyuka kwamaxesha e-1.2 kwimiba ye-hypersexual classification. Ukonyuka kweyunithi enye kwi-MCAS esanda kuphuhliswa iNzuzo yeNzuzo yeNzuzo ephantsi yamanqaku yayanyaniswa nokunyuka kwamaxesha e-1.8 kumathuba okuhlelwa kwe-hypersexual emva kokulungelelaniswa kwazo zonke ezinye iingqikelelo zengqondo ngaphakathi kwimodeli, ebonisa indima yayo ekhethekileyo ebikade ingachazwanga ngaphambili. kuphando kwi-hypersexuality.
4 Table
I-Logistic Regression Predicting Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory (HDSI) Iziphumo zokuHlola kunye neZalathi eziBalulekileyo zengqondo
| Eziguqukayo | B | I-AOR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubume be-HIV-Positive a | 1.05 | 2.86* | [1.03, 7.97] |
| Imincili ngokwesondo | 0.31 | 1.36 | [0.50, 3.71] |
| Uthintelo lwezesondo I | -0.09 | 0.92 | [0.38, 2.19] |
| I-Sexual Inhibition II | 0.06 | 1.07 | [0.48, 2.34] |
| Impulsivity | -0.04 | 0.96 | [0.91, 1.02] |
| Ukungalawuleki ngokweemvakalelo | 0.02 | 1.02 | [0.99. 1.05] |
| Ukuxinezeleka nokuxhalabisa | 0.83 | 2.30* | [1.16, 4.57] |
| Ukunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo | 0.21 | 1.23*** | [1.12, 1.35] |
| I-MCAS: iMfuneko eyandisiweyo | 0.20 | 1.23 | [0.64, 2.34] |
| I-MCAS: Izibonelelo ezingafanelekanga | 0.57 | 1.77* | [1.01, 3.10] |
| I-MCAS: UkuziSebenzisa okuNcitshisiweyo | 0.08 | 1.08 | [0.53, 2.18] |
| Imodeli Fit | |||
| imodeli χ2(df) | 87.84*** (11) | ||
| Nagelkerke R2 | 0.56 | ||
| -2 Log Okunokwenzeka | 115.97 | ||
| I-% Ihlelwe ngokuchanekileyo kwi-HDSI | 86.1% | ||
Phawula. CI = Ithuba lokuzithemba; AOR = Ulungelelwaniso lweMilinganiselo eLungisiweyo.
UKUQALA
Siye safuna ukwenza isikali sokuqala esikwaziyo ukubamba ukuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo phakathi kwamadoda abelana ngesondo kakhulu kunye nabasetyhini. Iziphumo zodliwano-ndlebe olunzulu olunomgangatho wodliwano-ndlebe lucebise amacandelwana amathathu adityanisiweyo, axhaswa luhlalutyo lwezinto eziqinisekisayo, kubandakanya nokukhulisa imfuneko yesini, ukungalungi izibonelelo zesini, kunye nokunciphisa ukuzimela komntu ekulawuleni iingcinga zesini kunye nokuziphatha. Ubudlelwane bolwakhiwo lwala ma-subscales bucebisa imodeli yokuqonda i-hypersexuality ehambelana neemodeli zokuziphatha ezizilawulayo zokuziphatha (Bandura, 1982, 1997), njengoko kuchazwe ngezantsi. Ngaphaya koko, inyani yokuba iZibonelelo eziKhuselweyo zeSexual subscale ziqikelele ngokucacileyo iindlela ezicetywayo zokuziphatha ngokwesini emva kokulungelelaniswa kwezinto eziphambili kuzo zonke iimodeli ezikhoyo ze-hypersexuality (okt, imincili ngokwesondo kunye nokuthintela, ukungalawuleki, ukucinezeleka ngokweemvakalelo, uxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalaba, kunye nokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo. ) iphakamisa ukubaluleka kophando oluqhubekayo kunye nokugxila kweklinikhi kwi-cognitive predictors ye-hypersexuality.
Xa umntu ekholelwa ukuba ukwabelana ngesondo kunxulunyaniswa nezibonelelo ezimbalwa kunye nomonakalo omkhulu, kodwa usalandela rhoqo njengoko enzile amadoda akwisampulu yethu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba aphuhlise iinkolelo zokungaphumeleli kwakhe ukulawula ukuziphatha kwakhe ngokwesondo. Ngale ndlela, uye abone ukuba ukuziphatha kwakhe kuqhutywa, kungekuko ukuthanda kwakhe, ziimeko zangaphandle ezingaphaya kwamandla akhe. Ngapha koko, xa umntu ekholelwa ukuba isondo siyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kwemihla ngemihla-nokuba kulala, ukuphumla, ukumelana, ukunxibelelana, okanye ukugxila-uya kuthi ke akholelwe ukuba ezi mfuno zangaphandle, kunokuba amandla akhe okulawula ukuziphatha kwakhe ngokwesondo, zikhokelela ekubeni basoloko befuna iindawo zokulalana. Ngale ndlela, iziphumo ezilindelekileyo ezilindelekileyo (oko kukuthi, iingenelo ezingafanelekanga, iimfuno ezinyusiweyo) ziqhuba iimbono ezingezizo zobuchule bomntu ekulawuleni ngokwesondo (okt, ukuba umntu akalawuleki ngendlela yakhe yokuziphatha ngokwesondo), nto leyo eya kuthi ngokuyinxenye iqhube i-hypersexuality njengoko. iboniswe kolu phononongo. Uhlaziyo lwakutsha nje lwe Bandura's (1977) imodeli yoqobo yokuziphatha kakuhle (Williams, ngo-2010) banike inkxaso eqinileyo yesi sikhokelo solwakhiwo (iziphumo ezilindelekileyo → iinkolelo zokuzisebenzela → ukuziphatha).
Phakathi kwamadoda abelana ngesondo kakhulu kunye nesini esibini, ukukholelwa ukuba isondo yinkcitho yexesha, ingozi enkulu kunokuba ilungile, kwaye ayifanelanga umzamo yayanyaniswa nokuziphatha ngokwesini kwimodeli yohlengahlengiso lwamacandelo amakhulu azo zonke iimodeli ezikhoyo zokuziphatha ngokwesini. Oku kufunyanisiweyo kuthetha ukuba ukungafaneleki kwizibonelelo zesondo kubonisa uqikelelo oluphambili lwe-hypersexuality engazange ihlolwe kwiimodeli zangaphambili. Ngelixa unxunguphalo lobuqu luyenye yeempawu ezichaza ubuni obugqithisileyo, iimodeli ezikhoyo ze-hypersexuality ayicacisi mvelaphi yolu nxunguphalo (Kafka, 2010). Iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukuba omnye umthombo onokubakho wonxunguphalo unokuba ziinkolelo ezingalunganga malunga neziphumo zesini, zombini ezintle nezimbi, kunye nokusilela kolawulo kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo. Ukufumanisa kwethu eyona ndima engundoqo yokubona ingozi kuphela, engazuzi nto, kwisondo yayihambelana nemodeli ephindaphindiweyo yokwabelana ngesondo ngokugqithisileyo apho ukuziphatha okunengxaki ngokwesondo kugcinwa ngokukwazi kwayo ngaxeshanye ukubangela uxinzelelo lwengqondo (umzekelo, ukuzisola, ihlazo) kunye nokukhonza. njengendlela yokulawula okwesibini, okanye ukumelana nolu nxunguphalo, nokuba kungokwexeshana. Uphando lwexesha elizayo olusebenzisa iimodeli ezishiywe lixesha kwiimeko zobuqu kunye namava ajikeleze ukuziphatha ngokwesondo (umz., Hofmann, Baumeister, Förster, & Vohs, 2012; Shrier, Shih, Hacker, & de Moor, 2007) uya kukwazi ukucacisa ngakumbi umsebenzi we-hypersexuality eyingxaki, kubandakanywa amandla okuqonda i-maladaptive malunga nesondo ukuze usebenze njengento engaphambili kunye nesiphumo sesondo.
I-Maladaptive Cognitions malunga neSini kunye ne-Sexual Minority yoPhuhliso lwaMadoda
Amadoda athandana namanye namadoda athandana nesini esibini kunokwenzeka ukuba achaze ukungazithembi, njengokungazithembi kunye nokungabi nathemba, kubomi bonke kunamadoda athandana nesini esahlukileyo (umz., Hatzenbuehler, 2009; Hatzenbuehler, McLaughlin, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2008; Safren & G., 1999). Amadoda athandana namanye amadoda anokuba namava okucalucalulwa ngakumbi ngokwesondo ngokunikwa kwawo ukuvezwa kwawo ngendlela engafaniyo ekuxhatshazweni ngokwesondo kwabantwana, uxinzelelo oluncinci olujikeleze ukuziqhelanisa nesondo, kunye nemfihlo kunye nehlazo elihlala lijikeleze i-gay esakhulayo okanye isazisi sesini esibini kulo lonke uphuhliso lwakwangoko.D'Augelli, ngo-2002; Lelutiu-Weinberger et al., 2011; Pachankis & Bernstein, 2012; I-Parsons et al., 2012; Stall et al., 2003). Umzekelo, ukuxhaphazwa ngokwesondo kwabantwana kunxulunyaniswa noxinzelelo lwengqondo kunye nokuphazamiseka (UBriere noElliott, ngo-2003), ethi yona ilamle ngokuyinxenye ubudlelwane phakathi kokuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo kwabantwana kunye nokuziphatha kakubi, njengokutya nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ukumelana noxinzelelo (Sarin & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2010). Ngapha koko, ukufihla inkalo ephambili yesazisi somntu, njengokuziqhelanisa nesondo, kulo lonke ixesha elibalulekileyo lophuhliso kubonakaliswe ukubumba ngamandla uluvo lomntu kunye nokuziphatha kwezempilo (Pachankis & Hatzenbuehler, 2013). Ngelixa ingavavanywanga ngokuthe ngqo apha, imodeli efumana umthombo weengcinga ezingalunganga malunga nesondo kuphuhliso lokufikisa ihambelana neemodeli zophuhliso loxinzelelo oluncinci kunye nezinye iindlela zokuziphatha zempilo. Ukubandakanywa komlinganiselo wokuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo kwizifundo zophuhliso lwamadoda athandana nesini kunye nesini esibini kunokucacisa ngakumbi indima yokuqonda kwimodeli yesini samadoda kunye nesini esibini kunye neziphumo zamava oxinzelelo oluncinci.
Impembelelo zeKliniki
Iziphumo zethu malunga negalelo leenzuzo eziphakanyisiweyo, imiqobo engafanelekanga, kunye nokunciphisa ukuzimela kwimodeli eqikelelwayo ye-hypersexuality yayihambelana nezifundo ezikhoyo kunye nezikhokelo zeklinikhi zokunyanga le nto (umz., Umalusi, 2010; Weiss, 2004kunye neendlela zokunyanga ezinye iingxaki zesini, ezifana nomboniso kunye nobugqi (UMurphy kunye nePhepha, ngo-2008; Wincze, 2000). Iindlela zokuqonda kolu nyango ziququzelela ukuphononongwa okuchanekileyo kweziphumo ezinokubakho zesenzo sesondo esinikiweyo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuzimela kwakho ekulawuleni indlela yokuziphatha eyingxaki yomntu ngokwesondo. Ngaphaya koko, iindlela zonyango zezinye iingxaki ezigqithisileyo zokuziphatha (umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, ukungcakaza ngokwengqondo) zisebenzisa iindlela zohlengahlengiso lwengqondo ukusuka kulwakhiwo olucacileyo lokuhenda (umz., Hofmann, Deutsch, Lancaster, & Banaji, 2010) ukuphazamisana noqhubekeko oluzenzekelayo lwezilingo (umz., Wiers, Rinck, Kordts, Houben, & Strack, 2010). Ezi ndlela zobuchule ekugqibeleni zakha ukuzimela kutshintsho lokuziphatha, iinkolelo eziguquguqukayo malunga nokuziphatha kwengxaki, kunye nokuzeyisa (UMarlatt noGordon, ngo-1985). Ungenelelo olujolise ekuququzeleleni ingqiqo ekuziphenduleleni kwisondo samva nje esingakhuselekanga phakathi kwamadoda abelana ngesondo namadoda kuvelise ukuncipha kwe-60% kwisondo esingakhuselekanga phakathi kwabamkeli xa kuthelekiswa notshintsho phakathi kweqela elifumene iingcebiso zokunciphisa ingozi ye-HIV (Dilley et al., 2007). Iziphumo zezifundo ezininzi zothintelo lokuphinda zivavanye ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha ezisemngciphekweni wezempilo zibonisa ukuba ungenelelo olutshintsha ukuqonda malunga nokuziphatha okunengxaki yomntu, enyanisweni, lunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni kokuziphatha.
Ngenxa yokuba isifundo sethu asikwazanga ukuseka i-causality, iimpembelelo zeklinikhi kufuneka zenziwe ngononophelo. Ngelixa ukuncitshiswa kwengqiqo ye-maladaptive kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuziphatha kwe-hypersexual, asinakukhupha into yokuba ukuqonda okungahambi kakuhle kunokulandela ukuziphatha okuyingxaki okanye ukuba ukuguquguquka kwesithathu okungalinganiswanga kunokuchaza ubudlelwane phakathi kokuqonda kunye nokuziphatha. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zolu phononongo lwangoku zibonisa ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu eengcinga ezingalunganga malunga nesondo, ngakumbi izibonelelo ezingavumelekanga zesini, zenzeka kunye nobunzima obungakumbi besondo. Ngapha koko, kunokwenzeka ukuba eyona nto iphambili yokwahlula amadoda angama-gay kunye nesini esibini abonisa ukuba unethemba kwaye ungalunganga kwi-hypersexuality inokuba linqanaba loxinzelelo lwengqondo olufunyanwa ngamadoda angama-gay anengxaki yokwabelana ngesondo ngesondo nangona le nto ilindele ukuvavanywa kovavanyo. Iziphumo zethu zikwahambelana nokuba kungenzeka ukuba umbono ophilileyo wokuqonda malunga nesondo ungahambelani nokuphindaphinda, kunzima ukulawula iingcamango zesini, izibongozo, kunye nokuziphatha okuhambelana nokukhathazeka komntu kunye nemiphumo emibi. Ngaloo ndlela, iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukuba iindlela zonyango ezikhuthaza izimo zengqondo ezingalunganga malunga nokuziphatha ngokwesondo zihluleka ukugqamisa iingenelo zesini kunye nokukhuthaza inkolelo yokuba umntu akalawuli ukuziphatha kwakhe ngokwesondo unokukhonza ngokungeyonjongo ukuqhubela phambili, kunokunciphisa, ukuxhatshazwa kwesondo.
Iziphumo zale ndlela yophando, kodwa ubukhulu becala, umba obalulekileyo we-nomenclatural kunye neziphumo zonyango. Ngokukodwa, ukulungiswa kwengxaki ye-hypersexuality kwi-standard diagnostic nomenclature kunye ne-ajenda yophando kunokuxoxwa ukuba i-pathologize inkalo enempilo yobomi bomntu. Le ngxabano inokubaluleka ngakumbi kumadoda athandana namadoda athandana nesini esibini, iqela labantu ababelana ngesondo ngokungafaniyo kwimbali yanamhlanje, ingxaki yentlalo eqhubekayo namhlanje (Gallup, 2012). Nangona kunjalo, ubukho beengcamango ezingqongqo kakhulu okanye ezingachanekanga malunga nokwabelana ngesondo phakathi kwamadoda athandana namanye amadoda kunye nesini esibini sibonisa ingxaki yeklinikhi kwaye ngokwayo, enokuba luphawu lwe-pathognomonic yengxaki yokwabelana ngesondo, nokuba yeyiphi na ingxabano kunye nokuchasene nexabiso lokuziphatha okanye lentlalo lesondo esinamandla. iingcinga, iminqweno, okanye ukuziphatha. Ngenxa yoko, ukuchongwa kunye nokunyangwa komxholo wengcinga ye-maladaptive kunye neenkqubo zokuqonda ezihambelanayo malunga nesondo usebenzisa imilinganiselo esebenzayo kunye neemodeli zengqiqo zibonisa ukubaluleka kwempilo yengqondo ephambili kungakhathaliseki ukuba idibene nengxaki ethile yengqondo. Olu phononongo lucebisa ukuba ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwengqondo olujongene ngamadoda anengxaki yokwabelana ngesondo ngokwesini, endaweni yokunciphisa amanqanaba okuziphatha ngokwesondo, kunoko kunciphisa ingxaki yokuthandana ngokwesini.
Imida
Imida emibini ephawulekayo yolu phononongo yayiyindlela yokwenza isampuli kunye noyilo lwamacandelo. Nangona siye sakwazi ukufumana iisampulu ezahlukeneyo zamadoda alala kakhulu kunye namadoda athandana nabasetyhini, onke la madoda ahlala kwisixeko saseNew York City, kwakufuneka ukuba abe nokufikelela kwi-intanethi, kwaye ayefunde kakhulu. Uphononongo lwexesha elizayo luyafuneka ukuze kubonwe ukuba ngaba iisampulu zamadoda angengowasedolophini okanye angafundanga kangako abelana ngesondo kakhulu agcina iiprofayili ezahlukeneyo zokuqonda okungalunganga ezibonisa unxulumano olunokubakho ngokwahlukileyo kunye nobulili obugqithisileyo. Isampulu enkulu, ukongeza, ibiya kunika amandla amaninzi okubona izinto eziqikelelwayo ezibalulekileyo kwimodeli yethu yezinto ezininzi. Ngaphaya koko, indlela enqamlezileyo esetyenzisiweyo kolu phononongo yangoku yanciphisa amandla ethu okufumanisa ukuba ukuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo sisizathu, isiphumo, zombini, okanye akukho ngxaki ye-hypersexuality. Uyilo olude olulandela abantu abathandana kakhulu ngesondo kunye nabesilisa abathandana nesini ngexesha elibalulekileyo phambi kophuhliso lwengxaki yokwabelana ngesondo ngesondo kuya kubonelela ngeendlela eziyimfuneko zokuchonga indima yethutyana yokuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, le mibutho inokuthi isebenze ngempendulo omnye komnye kwaye umsebenzi wexesha elizayo kufuneka usebenzise uyilo olukwaziyo ukuphanda utshintsho olwenzekayo kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo, ukuqonda okungalunganga, kunye nokulalana. Ngaphaya koko, iisampulu zokwexeshana ze-ikholoji ngaphambi nasemva kokudibana ngesondo ziya kuvumela ukuchongwa kokuguquguquka kokuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo kunye nefuthe labo lexeshana ekuziphatheni ngokwesondo.
Okokugqibela, iBhodi yeTrasti yeAmerican Psychiatric Association yagqiba ekubeni ingaquki i-Hypersexual Disorder mhlawumbi njengoxilongo olusesikweni okanye kwicandelo lencwadana ukuze kuqhutyekwe nokufunda. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluqhubekayo luyafuneka ukuphanda iikhrayitheriya ezinokubakho zengxaki ye-hypersexuality kunye nesixhobo esicetywayo ukuyivavanya, i-Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory, isiphumo sethu sokuqala. Uhlalutyo lwangoku sigxininise kwi-self-report version yesikali kunokuba isikali esilawulwa ngugqirha. Akukaziwa okwangoku ukuba iindlela ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo zinefuthe elivakalayo kwisakhono sesikali sokuhlela ubuni obugqithisileyo. Uphando olufuna ukuseka eyona ndlela ichanekileyo yokulinganisa i-hypersexuality eyingxaki kufuneka iseke i-hypersexuality njenge-tax yokuxilonga esebenzayo.
isiphelo
Olu phononongo luphuhlise umfanekiso opheleleyo we-hypersexuality kunokuba bekunikezelwe ngaphambili kwaye kwandiswa imodeli ekhoyo ye-hypersexuality ukubandakanya ugxininiso kukubaluleka kokuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo ekuchazeni ingxaki yokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuchongwa kwesakhiwo sezinto ezintathu zokuqonda okungalunganga malunga nesondo kuphakamisa inkqubo apho iziphumo ezilindelekileyo ze-maladaptive zichaza ubuxoki bokuzilawula ngokwesondo, zonke ezithathu ezichaza ubulili obugqithisileyo, ubuncinci ngokuyinxalenye. Ukuchongwa kwale modeli ngenkqubo ebanzi ye-psychometric, kubandakanywa uhlalutyo lwento eqinisekisayo, imodeli ye-equation yesakhiwo, kunye novavanyo kunye nokuqikelelwa kwangaphambili kwe-hypersexuality kubonisa ukuthembeka kunye nokunyaniseka kolu lwakhiwo. Inyani yokuba ukuqonda okungalunganga malunga nokungafanelanga izibonelelo zokwabelana ngesondo kucacisa ubukho bobulili obugqithisileyo kwisampulu yethu yamadoda abelana ngesondo kakhulu kunye namadoda alala ngesini ngaphezu kwezinto eziphambili zeemodeli ezazisele zisekiwe ngaphambili zifuna uphando lwexesha elizayo kunye neendlela zeklinikhi zokunciphisa ezo ngcinga ukuze zinciphise. okuphindaphindiweyo, kunzima ukulawula iingcamango zesini, izibongozo, kunye nokuziphatha okuhambelana noxinzelelo olubalulekileyo kunye nemiphumo emibi.
Imibulelo
Le projekthi ixhaswe yinkxaso yophando evela kwiZiko leSizwe leMpilo yeNgqondo (R01-MH087714; uJeffrey T. Parsons, uMphandi oyiNtloko). H. Jonathon Rendina wayexhaswa, ngokuyinxenye, yiNational Institute of Mental Health Ruth L. Kirchstein Individual Predoctoral Fellowship (F31-MH095622). Umxholo kuphela uxanduva lwababhali kwaye alumeli iimbono ezisemthethweni zamaZiko ezeMpilo eSizwe. Ababhali bangathanda ukuvuma igalelo leQela loPhando lweNtetho yePillow: uRuben Jimenez, uJoshua Guthals, kunye noBrian Mustanski. Sikwathanda ukubulela abasebenzi be-CHEST abadlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuphunyezweni kweprojekthi: uChris Cruz, uFran Ferayorni, uSitaji Gurung, noChris Hietikko, kunye neqela lethu labancedisi bophando, abaqeshwa kunye nabaqeqeshwayo. Ekugqibeleni, sibulela uChris Ryan, uDaniel Nardicio, kunye noStephan Adelson kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba abazinikele ngexesha labo kwesi sifundo.
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