ScienceDaily (Julayi 17, 2012) - Ngokwengqondo iyavakala: ukuvezwa kumxholo wesondo kwiimuvi besebancinci mhlawumbi kuphembelela indlela yokuziphatha kolutsha olufikisayo ngokwesondo. Kwaye nangona kunjalo, nangona uphando oluninzi lubonise ukuba ulutsha olubukela ukuziphatha okuyingozi ngakumbi kwiimuvi ezidumileyo, njengokusela okanye ukutshaya, kunokwenzeka ukuba basele kwaye bazitshaye ngokwabo, ngokumangalisayo uphando oluncinci luye lwahlola ukuba iimuvi zinempembelelo kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo yabafikisayo.
Kude kube ngoku.
Ngaphezulu kweminyaka emithandathu, izazinzulu zengqondo ziye zavavanya ukuba ukubona okanye ukungaboni ngesondo kwisikrini esikhulu kuguqulela kwisondo kwihlabathi lokwenyani kulutsha. Iziphumo zabo, eziza kupapashwa kwiPsychological Science, ijenali yoMbutho weSayensi yezeNzululwazi, ayizange iphelele nje ekuboniseni oko kodwa yachaza nezinye zezizathu zokuba.
"Uphando oluninzi lubonise ukuba izimo zengqondo kunye nokuziphatha kolutsha olufikisayo luphenjelelwa ngamajelo eendaba," utshilo uRoss O'Hara, ngoku ongumfundi we-post-doctoral kwiYunivesithi yaseMissouri, oqhube uphando kunye nezinye izazinzulu zengqondo ngelixa e-Dartmouth College. Kodwa indima yeemuvi ibingahoywa ngandlel’ ithile, ngaphandle kokunye kufunyaniswe ukuba iimuvi zinempembelelo ngakumbi kunomabonwakude okanye umculo.
Phambi kokuba bagaye abathathi-nxaxheba kuphononongo, u-O'Hara kunye nabaphandi asebenza nabo bavavanya iimuvi ze-684 eziphezulu ukusuka kwi-1998 ukuya ku-2004. Babhala iimuvi ngemizuzwana yomxholo wesondo, njengokuncamisa kakhulu okanye ukwabelana ngesondo. Lo msebenzi owakhiwe kuphando lwangaphambili lweemuvi ukusuka kwi-1950 ukuya kwi-2006 efumene ukuba ngaphezu kwe-84% yale miboniso bhanyabhanya iqulethe umxholo wesondo, kubandakanywa ne-68% yeefilimu ezilinganisiweyo ze-G, i-82% yeefilimu ze-PG kunye ne-85% yeefilimu ze-PG-13. Uninzi lwemiboniso bhanyabhanya yakutshanje ayibonisi isini esikhuselekileyo, ingakhankanywa kangako ngokusetyenziswa koqingqo-nzala.
Abaphandi baye baqesha abathathi-nxaxheba abali-1,228 abasusela kwi-12 ukuya kwi-14 leminyaka ubudala. Umthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye uchaze ukuba yeyiphi imiboniso bhanyabhanya abayibonileyo kwinani leengqokelela ezahlukeneyo zamashumi amahlanu ezikhethwe ngokungenamkhethe. Kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva abathathi-nxaxheba bavavanywa ukuze bafumanise ukuba babeneminyaka emingaphi xa babesabelana ngesondo kunye nokuba ukuziphatha kwabo ngokwesondo kwakunokuba yingozi kangakanani na. Ingaba bebesebenzisa iikhondom rhoqo? Ngaba babenomfazi omnye okanye babenamaqabane amaninzi?
“Ulutsha olukwishumi elivisayo oluchanabeka kwizinto ezininzi zesini kwimifanekiso eshukumayo luqala ukuba neentlobano zesini luselula, lunamaqabane amaninzi olwabelana nawo ngesondo, kwaye alufane lusebenzise iikhondom namaqabane angatshatanga nawo,” ucacise watsho u-O'Hara.
Kutheni iimuvi zineziphumo ezinje kulutsha olufikisayo? Aba baphandi bavavanya indima yeempawu zobuntu ezaziwa njengokufuna imvakalelo. Enye yeengozi ezinkulu zokufikisa, kukuthambekela kokuziphatha "kokufuna ukuziva". Phakathi kweminyaka elishumi kunye neshumi elinesihlanu, utyekelo lokufuna inoveli ngakumbi kunye novuselelo olunzulu lwazo zonke iintlobo lufikelela incopho. Ukukhula kwamadlala endle okufikisa kubangela ukuba ukucinga ngengqiqo kube nzima ngakumbi.
U-O'Hara kunye noogxa bakhe bafumanisa ukuba ukuvezwa okukhulu kwimixholo yezesondo kwimiboniso bhanyabhanya besebancinci okunene kukhokelele kwincopho ephezulu yokufuna imvakalelo ngexesha lokufikisa. Ngenxa yoko, imvakalelo yokufuna ukuziphatha ngokwesondo inokuhlala kude kube sekupheleni kweshumi elivisayo nakwiminyaka yamashumi amabini ukuba abantu abancinci bavezwe kwezi ntlobo zeefilimu. Kodwa abaphandi babonisa ukuba ukubonakaliswa kwesondo kwiimuvi kudla ngokuvuselela imvakalelo yokufuna zombini ngenxa yebhayoloji kunye nendlela abafana namantombazana ahlala ngayo.
UO'Hara uthi: “Ezi filimu zibonakala zibuphembelela ubuntu bawo ngokutshintsha indlela abavakalelwa ngayo.
Kodwa ukufuna imvakalelo akuzange kuchaze ngokupheleleyo ezi ziphumo; abaphandi bakwacingela ukuba abafikisayo bafunda iindlela ezithile zokuziphatha kwimiyalezo yesondo ekwimuvi. Uninzi lwabakwishumi elivisayo luguqukela kwiimuvi ukuze lufumane "izikripthi zesini" ezibonelela ngemizekelo yendlela yokuziphatha xa ujongene neemeko ezinzima zeemvakalelo. Kuma-57 ekhulwini olutsha lwaseMerika oluphakathi kweminyaka eli-14 ne-16 ubudala, amajelo eendaba ngowona mthombo wawo mkhulu wolwazi lwesini. Ngokuqhelekileyo abahluli phakathi kwezinto abazibona kwisikrini kunye noko kufuneka bajamelane nazo kubomi bemihla ngemihla .
Abaphandi babonisa ukuba kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba olu phando alukwazi ukugqiba isiphumo esicacileyo sefilimu ekuziphatheni ngokwesondo. Sekunjalo, uO’Hara uthi, “Olu hlolisiso, kunye nokudibana kwalo neminye imisebenzi, lubonisa ukuba abazali bafanele babathintele abantwana babo ekubukeni isini kwimifanekiso eshukumayo besebancinane.
Umthombo weBali: Eli bali lingentla liprintwe kwakhona kwizinto ezibonelelwe nguMbutho weSayensi yeNzululwazi.
Isalathiso seJenali:
1.O'Hara et al. Ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kwimixholo yezesondo kwiiMovie ezidumileyo ziQikelela kwaNgaphambili i-Sexual Debut kunye noKwenyuka koMngcipheko ngokwesondo. INzululwazi yezeNzululwazi, ngo-2012
Umbutho weNzululwazi yezeNzululwazi (2012, Julayi 17). Ukubonakaliswa kwimixholo yezesondo kwiimuvi ezidumileyo kuqikelela ukuziphatha ngokwesondo ebusheni. ScienceDaily.
Ukuvezwa okukhulu kwimixholo yezesondo kwiimuvi ezidumileyo kuxela kwangaphambili ukuqala kwezesondo kunye nokwanda komngcipheko wesondo.
Psychol Sci. 2012 Sep 1;23(9):984-93. doi: 10.1177/0956797611435529. Epub 2012 Jul 18.
imvelaphi
ISebe leeNzululwazi zengqondo kunye noBuchule, iKholeji yaseDartmouth, Columbia, MO 65211, eU.SA. [imeyile ikhuselwe]
Abstract
Ukuqala ngesondo kwangethuba kunxulunyaniswa nokuziphatha okuyingozi ngokwesondo kunye nomngcipheko owonyukayo wokukhulelwa okungacetywanga kunye nosulelo oludluliselwa ngeentlobano zesini kamva ebomini. Ubudlelwane phakathi kokuvezwa komboniso bhanyabhanya kwangaphambili ngokwesondo (MSE), ukuqala kwezesondo, kunye nokuziphatha ngokwesondo okuyingozi ebudaleni (okt, amaqabane amaninzi ngesondo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwekhondom engaguqukiyo) zavavanywa kuphononongo lwexesha elide lolutsha lwase-US. I-MSE yalinganiswa kusetyenziswa indlela yaseBeach, inkqubo ebanzi yokukhowudwa komxholo wemidiya. Ukulawula iimpawu zolutsha kunye neentsapho zabo, uhlalutyo lubonise ukuba i-MSE iqikelele iminyaka yobudala besondo, ngokuthe ngqo nangokungathanga ngqo ngotshintsho ekufuneni imvakalelo. I-MSE iphinde yaxela kwangaphambili ukubandakanyeka ekuziphatheni okuyingozi ngokwesondo ngokuthe ngqo nangokungathanga ngqo ngokuqala kwezesondo. Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-MSE inokukhuthaza umngcipheko wesondo ngokuthatha zombini ngokuguqula indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kunye nokukhawulezisa ukunyuka okuqhelekileyo kweemvakalelo ezifunayo ngexesha lokufikisa.
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