UPan Afr Med J. 2016; 25: 261.
Ishicilelwe kwi-intanethi 2016 Dec 30. ikhonkco: 10.11604 / pamj.2016.25.261.2630
PMCID: PMC5337276
Oyedunni Sola Arulogun,1,& Ifeyinwa Arinze Ogbu,1,2 kwaye Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu1
Abstract
intshayelelo
Inani labantu abancinci abavezwe kwizixhobo ezingamanyala nge-intanethi eNigeria liyanda. Nangona kunjalo, impembelelo yokuvezwa kwindlela yabo yokuziphatha ngokwesondo ayizange ihlolwe ngokupheleleyo. Olu phononongo ke ngoko luphonononge iziphumo zokuvezwa kwe-intanethi kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kwabantu abancinci kwi-Ibadan North Local Government Area of southwest Nigeria.
tindlela
Uvavanyo lwabantu abancinci abangama-413 lwenziwa kusetyenziswa iphepha lemibuzo elivavanyiweyo ngaphambili elibandakanya imibuzo malunga nokuvezwa kwe-intanethi kunye nefuthe layo ekuziphatheni. Idatha yahlaziywa kusetyenziswa izibalo ezichazayo, uvavanyo lwe-Chi-square kunye nokuhlehla kwezinto.
iziphumo
Ubudala obuqhelekileyo bamadoda yayingama-21.7 ± 3.4 iminyaka ngelixa eyamabhinqa yayingama-20.9 ± 3.2 iminyaka. Amashumi amane anesithoba ekhulwini kwabaphenduli basebenzisa i-intanethi okokuqala ngqa phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15-19 iminyaka. Umthombo ophambili wolwazi malunga ne-intanethi yayingabahlobo (63.3%) kunye ne-99.3% ifikelele kwi-intanethi kwi-cybercafé. Amashumi asixhenxe anesibini ekhulwini akhe akhubeka kwiindawo ezibonisa amanyala. Iimpendulo zibandakanya ukujonga phambi kokuvalwa (45.2%), ukuvalwa kweziza (38.5%), kunye nokunciphisa iphepha lokujonga kamva (12.5%). Impembelelo ye-post-exposure ekuziphatheni ibandakanya ukubandakanyeka kwisondo somlomo (48.3%), i-tattoo yomzimba (18.3%), ukuba namaqabane amaninzi ngesondo (11.6%) kunye nobufanasini (5.0%). Amadoda amaninzi (95% CI OKANYE = 1.245-6.465) kunye nabasebenzisi rhoqo (95% CI OKANYE = 1.168-3.497) babenokuthi bachaze utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo.
isiphelo
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi kwakuxhaphakile phakathi kwabantu abancinci. Amanyathelo okungenelela ajolise ekunciphiseni ukuvezwa kumxholo wesondo kwi-intanethi ejolise kubantu abancinci ngakumbi amadoda kunye nabaqhubi be-cybercafé bayakhuthazwa.
intshayelelo
I-Intanethi ngundoqo wonxibelelwano lwekhompyutha. Isehlabathini lonke kwaye iqhagamshela izigidi zothungelwano lwekhompyuter, ibonelela ngoluhlu olumangalisayo lolwazi olufikiswa lulutsha olunokufikelela [1] yaye ngenxa yamandla ayo olwelo, i-Intanethi inenkcazelo esexesheni kuneencwadi. Abantu abasebatsha kwihlabathi liphela baya besebenzisa i-Intanethi, nangona kukho umahluko omkhulu osetyenziswayo kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi nakumaqela ezentlalo nezoqoqosho. Eyona nkxalabo iphambili ngempilo yabantu abatsha yindlela abafikelela ngayo kwizibonelelo ezikhuthaza uphuhliso lwabo. Oku kunxulunyaniswa kakhulu neenkxalabo zakwangoko malunga nendlela abantwana kunye nolutsha olusebenzisa ngayo i-Intanethi ekurhaneleka ukuba ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingalunganga [2, 3]. Ezinye iinkxalabo njengoko kubhalwe nguFleming et al [4] iquka ukutyhileka kolutsha kumxholo ongafanelekanga. Olona phawu lubalulekileyo oluvelayo oluxhalabisayo kwi-cyberpace luphonografi kwiindlela zalo ezahlukahlukeneyo eziye zachaphazela inkcubeko yolutsha kunye nophuhliso lolutsha ngeendlela ezingazange zibonwe ngaphambili nangeendlela ezahlukeneyo [5-7]. Ukongeza, uMkhukula [8], Häggström-Nordin, Sandberg, Hanson and Tydén [9] kunye noWolak, uMitchell noFinkelhor [10] baye babhala ukuba izixhobo ezisebenzisa i-Intanethi ziye zavumela abantu bayo yonke iminyaka ukuba badibane, basebenzise, benze, kwaye basasaze imixholo engcolileyo ngesondo kunye nobungqina obukhulayo bokuba ezi ziganeko ziya zixhaphake phakathi kwabakwishumi elivisayo kwihlabathi jikelele. Oku kwenze ukuba ukujongwa ngabom okanye ngengozi kwizinto ezingamanyala kwi-Intanethi kube kukwanda. Nangona idatha esebenzayo malunga nephonografi ye-Intanethi kunye nefuthe layo kubomi bolutsha kunye nabantwana baseNigeria ayifumaneki lula, into yokuba i-32% yabasebenzisi be-Intanethi eNigeria ngabantwana kunye nolutsha olukwiminyaka yobudala i-7 ukuya kwi-18 iminyaka yinyaniso ebalulekileyo. leyo ifanele ukuqwalaselwa. Uloyiko luxhaphakile kwamanye amacandelo malunga neziphumo ezibi ezinokuthi zibekho imixholo ye-Intanethi engathandekiyo nengaqwalaselwanga iya kuba nayo kwintlalo-ntle yengqondo yeendidi ezahlukeneyo zabasebenzisi kwaye ngakumbi abantwana kunye nolutsha eNigeria [11].
Izifundo ezininzi zenziwe ngokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi e-Afrika kubandakanya ne-Ojedokun [12] abafunde ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi ngabafundi beDyunivesithi yaseBotswana. Uphononongo lwakhe luveze ukuba i-77% yabaphenduli basebenzise i-Intanethi. Ajuwon [13] wafunda ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi ngabafundi bokuqala bekliniki kunye nabongikazi kwiSibhedlele seKholeji yeYunivesithi e-Ibadan, eNigeria kwaye bafumanisa ukuba i-60% yabaphenduli baye basebenzisa i-Intanethi. Odusanya and Bamgbala [14] bafumanisa ukuba i-58% yabafundi bezonyango kunye namazinyo kunyaka wabo wokugqibela kwiYunivesithi yaseLagos, eNigeria abaye bafunda basebenzise i-Intanethi. Ngenxa yokuba uninzi lolutsha olufikisayo luchitha ixesha elininzi kwi-Intanethi, kubalulekile ukuba ulwazi lwefuthe lemixholo yalo ekuziphatheni kolutsha, intlalontle, kunye nophuhliso lwaziwe. Ngokubhekiselele kwingqikelelo yethiyori yokufunda kwezentlalo, ulutsha oluvezwe kwindlela ethile yokuziphatha engaqhelekanga lunokwamkela kwaye luzifake ngaphakathi ukuziphatha okunjalo njengesiqhelo. Ngenxa yokuthandwa kwe-Intanethi phakathi kwabantu abancinci, abanye abaphandi baye baphanda ubudlelwane phakathi kokubandakanyeka kwabantu abancinci kwimisebenzi yezokwabelana ngesondo kwi-Intanethi (kubandakanya iincoko ze-intanethi, amaqabane okudibana, kunye nokujonga ubudlelwane bezothando kunye nokwabelana ngesondo) kunye nokuphuhliswa kokuziphatha kwabo ngokwesondo. Cooper et al [15] yafumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo (njengoko kulinganiswa nexesha elichithwe ekujongeni imisebenzi enxulumene nesondo kwi-intanethi) yayinxulumene ngokufanelekileyo noxinzelelo kunye nokufuna imvakalelo yesondo. Uphononongo olufanayo olwenziwe nguGoodson et al [16] e Adebayo et al [17] phakathi kwabafundi baseyunivesithi, bafumanise ukuba isimo sengqondo sabaphenduli malunga nokufuna ulwazi ngesondo kunye nokuzonwabisa ngokwesondo sahlukile ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bokusetyenziswa kwabo kwi-Intanethi. Ngaphandle kokunyuka kwenqanaba lokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi ngakumbi kubantu abancinci eNigeria, zimbalwa izifundo ezivavanye iziphumo ezinokuthi iisayithi ezinemixholo yesondo ecacileyo zinokuba nazo ngakumbi kutyekelo lwezesondo kunye nokuziphatha kwabantu abancinci. Olu phononongo ke ngoko lwenziwa ukumisela impembelelo yokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi ekuziphatheni ngokwesondo kolutsha kwi-Ibadan North Local Government Area, isithili sedolophu yase-Ibadan, emazantsi ntshona eNigeria.
tindlela
Uyilo lophando: Olu phononongo oluchazayo kunye nolunqamlezayo lujolise ekubhaleni impembelelo yokuvezwa kwi-Intanethi ngokuziphatha ngokwesondo kwabantu abancinci. Yayifuna ukuchonga ukuxhaphaka kokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi, imisebenzi eyenziwayo kunye nefuthe layo kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo.
Indawo yokufunda: I-Ibadan North Local Government Area (LGA) yenza ulungiselelo lokufunda. Yenye yee-LGA ezintlanu kwidolophu yase-Ibadan kwaye yadalwa nge-27 kaSeptemba 1991 iphuma kuRhulumente kaMasipala wase-Ibadan ongasekhoyo. I-LGA ineewadi ezili-12 zezopolitiko ezinabemi bezizwe ngezizwe. Kukho intaphane yamaziko emfundo kwi-LGA anje ngeYunivesithi yase-Ibadan, i-Polytechnic Ibadan, izikolo eziziiprayimari zikarhulumente ezingama-78 nezingama-48 zabucala kwakunye nezikolo eziziisekondari ezingama-80 nezingama-20 zabucala. Kukho inani elikhulu lee-cybercafés kulo lonke elase-LGA kwaye zinobukhulu obahlukeneyo ukusuka kumbindi wesixeko ukuya kwizitrato ezincinci. Uninzi lwezi cybercafés zigxile kumaziko emfundo eAgbowo, Polytechnic kunye neBodija kwimimandla yeLGA.
Inkqubo yesampulu kunye nobungakanani besampulu: Ubuchule bokwenza iisampulu obunamanqanaba amane obuquka ubuchule obucwangcisiweyo, obulungelelanisiweyo kunye nobulula obungacwangciswanga besampulu baye bamkelwa ekukhetheni abantu abatsha abangama-413 abaphuma kumakhaya akwimimandla yorhulumente wengingqi. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, iiwadi ezintlanu zakhethwa kwiiwadi ezilishumi elinesibini kwi-LGA yase-Ibadan kuMntla, okwesibini, izitalato ezintlanu zakhethwa ngokungakhethiyo kwiwadi nganye kwezintlanu ezikhethelwe uphononongo e-Ibadan North LGA. Kwinqanaba lesithathu, ikhaya liye lakhethwa ngokucwangcisiweyo kwizitalato ezikhethiweyo ukuba kufundwe ngelixa inqanaba lesine libandakanya ukukhethwa kwabaphenduli abafanelekileyo abangama-413 kumakhaya.
Isixhobo sokuqokelelwa kwedatha: I-questionnaire eyahlolwa ngaphambili eyakhiwe ngokuzimeleyo equlethe imibuzo malunga nomsebenzi jikelele kunye nezenzo ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi, ukuvezwa koonografi kunye nokutshintsha kokuziphatha emva kokuvezwa kusetyenziselwa ukuqokelela idatha.
Inkqubo yokuqokelela idatha: Udliwano-ndlebe ngalunye luqale ngentshayelelo kunye nesishwankathelo sophando kuquka iinjongo zophononongo. Abaphendulayo baxelelwa ukuba bangabhali naliphi na igama kwikhweshine abazilawule ngokwabo. Abaphenduli bakhuthazwa ukuba babuze imibuzo malunga noko bangakuqondiyo kwikhweshine. Iingcaciso zanikwa abaphenduli njengoko zifuneka ukunceda ukuqonda amagama angaqhelekanga. Uluhlu lwemibuzo lwabuyiswa kumphenduli ngamnye ngoko nangoko emva kokuba lugqityiwe kwaye lwajongwa kwakhona ukuze luphelele.
Ulawulo lwedatha, uhlalutyo kunye nomboniso: Iikopi ezilawulwayo zekhweshine zahlelwa zaza zafakwa iikhowudi ngoncedo lwesikhokelo sokubhala iikhowudi. Idatha enekhowudi yafakwa kwikhompyutheni ukuze ihlaziywe kusetyenziswa i-IBM/Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15.0. Amanani-nkcazo asisishwankathelo anjengeendlela, ukutenxa okuphakathi kunye nomgangatho oqhelekileyo wasetyenziselwa ukushwankathela ukuguquguquka kobungakanani. Umbutho phakathi kwezinto eziguquguqukayo zecategorical wavavanywa kusetyenziswa uvavanyo lwesikwere se-Chi. Uhlalutyo lwe-Logistic regression lwenziwa ukuchonga ukuqikelelwa okubalulekileyo kwezinto ezimbini ezixhomekeke kuzo: isenzo esithathiweyo ekufumaneni izinto ezingamanyala kunye notshintsho oluxeliweyo kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo. Inqanaba lokubaluleka belikwip=0.05.
Ingqwalasela yokuziphatha: Uphononongo lulandele imigaqo yokuziphatha ekhokela ukusetyenziswa kwabantu abathathi-nxaxheba kuphando. Phambi kokungena kwindawo yophononongo, imvume yokwenza uphononongo yafunyanwa kubagcini bamasango oluntu abafanelekileyo nakubazali bolutsha oluchaphazelekayo. Bonke abaphendulayo baxelelwe ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphando bekuqhutywa ngokuzithandela, kwaye abanakuthabatha inxaxheba ukuba bakhetha okanye banokurhoxa ekuthatheni inxaxheba nangaliphi na ixesha. Abaphenduli baqinisekiswa ukuba ubumfihlo beempendulo ziya kugcinwa ngexesha nasemva kokuqokelelwa kwedatha. Amanani kuphela abelwe ukuququzelela ukungena kwedatha kunye nokuhlalutya kwaye akukho mntu unokudibanisa isazisi sabaphenduli kunye namanani abelwe. Imvume yomlomo ifunyenwe kumphenduli ngamnye phambi kokuba ikopi yekhweshine inikwe kubo.
iziphumo
Iimpawu zezentlalo-demographic zabaphenduli
Ukusasazwa kweempawu zentlalo-demografi yabaphenduli kubonise ukuba malunga nesibini kwisithathu siphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kuma-24, i-29.8% yayingaphantsi kweminyaka engama-20 kwaye i-6% ayizange ibonise ubudala babo. Bekukho amadoda amaninzi (70.5%) kunabasetyhini abaphendulayo (28.6%). Elona nani liphezulu labaphendulayo linemfundo yamaziko emfundo ephakamileyo (60.3%) lilandelwa yimfundo yamabanga aphezulu (23.5%), amabanga aphantsi asezantsi (1.2%) neprayimari (0.2%). Umyinge wabaphenduli ababengekho esikolweni wawuyi-13.1%. Ininzi yayiyiYoruba (76.5%) ilandelwa yi-Igbo (18.4%), iHausa (2.4%) kunye nabanye (1.5%). Bekukho amaKrestu amaninzi (83.8%) kunamaSilamsi (14.8%).
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi
Malunga nesiqingatha (49.2%) sabaphenduli baqale ukusebenzisa i-Intanethi phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15-19 kunye ne-99.3% bafikelela kwiinkonzo kwii-cybercafés. Umthombo ophambili wolwazi malunga ne-Intanethi yayingabahlobo (63.3%). Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kubonise ukuba i-29.5% ifikelela kwi-Intanethi yonke imihla. Ubude bexesha elichithwe kwi-intanethi lisusela kwimizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwiiyure ezintathu (1 Table). Imisebenzi ephambili ekungenwe kuyo ibandakanya ukuthumela okanye ukufunda ii-imeyile (55%), ukuncokola nge-intanethi (34.1%), uphando/umsebenzi wasekhaya (31%), ulwazi malunga neziganeko zangoku (27.6%), ulwazi malunga nesikolo saphesheya (24.9%), ukukhutshelwa komculo (18.6%), ukukhangela umsebenzi (16.2%) kunye nokudlala imidlalo ye-intanethi (12.6%). Ukutyelela iindawo zoonografi kwabikwa yi-8.0% kwaye i-3.6% ifuna ulwazi kwimicimbi yezempilo.
Abaphendulayo batyelela kwiindawo ezingcolileyo kunye nendlela abasabela ngayo
2 Table ibonisa umyinge wolutsha olundwendweleyo okanye oluthe lwakhubeka kwiisayithi zephonografi kunye nendlela abasabela ngayo. Ukwahlula ngokwesondo kwaqatshelwa kwiimpendulo kwiisayithi: ukujonga ngaphambi kokuvalwa kwe-45.2% (abasetyhini, i-30.1%; amadoda, i-46.7%), ukuvalwa kweendawo 38.5% (abasetyhini, 57.5%; amadoda, 38.7%), kunye nokunciphisa iphepha ukujonga kamva 12.6% (abasetyhini, 12.3%; amadoda, 13.6%). Ukuba ngaba abaphenduli baxoxa ngezinto abazijongileyo kwi-intanethi, i-55.2% yabaphenduli abazange baxoxe ngemifanekiso engamanyala ejongwe nabani na, i-32.6% yaxoxa nabahlobo besini esifanayo, i-9.6% yabelana ngamava kunye nabahlobo besini esahlukileyo kwaye kuphela i-2.6% ixoxiwe nomzali / umgcini.
Impembelelo yokuvezwa kwiindawo ezinemifanekiso yezesondo ngendlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kuxelwe ukuba lubonwe yi-31.1% yabaphenduli emva kokuvezwa kwiindawo ezicacileyo ngesondo kunye ne-19.5% yenza oko kubonwayo. Izinto ezenziwayo emva kokuba sesichengeni zibandakanya ukwabelana ngesondo ngomlomo (48.3%), itattoo yomzimba (18.3%), ukuba namaqabane amaninzi ngesondo (11.6%) kunye nobufanasini (5.0%) (Umzobo 1). Abasebenzisi bemihla ngemihla (95% CI OKANYE = 1.168 - 3.497) kunye namadoda (95% CI OKANYE = -1.245 - 6.465) kunokwenzeka ukuba batyelele iindawo ezingcolileyo xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abaphenduli.
ingxoxo
Ukuxhaphaka okuphezulu kokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi phakathi kwamadoda kubonisa ukuba amadoda athambekele ngakumbi kubuchwephesha kunabasetyhini umkhwa ekufuneka ujikwe. Inani eliphezulu labantu abaphendulayo abafikelela kwi-Intanethi kwi-cybercafé ayinto ingalindelekanga xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubonelelo lombane olungazinzanga elizweni njengoko ii-cybercafés zinomnye umthombo wobonelelo lombane. Ukongeza, ukuya kwi-cybercafé ikwabonelela ngendlela yenethiwekhi yokuncokola evumelana nokufumanisa ukuba abahlobo babengoyena mthombo wolwazi nge-Intanethi. Kolu phononongo, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabaphenduli abake bancokola kwi-intanethi bavumile ukuba baxoxe ngobudlelwane nabantu abangabaziyo. Lo mkhwa uyanda kwaye uthatha indawo elusizi kumaxesha amva nje eNigeria. Oku kufuneka kuguqulwe ukuba aba bantu batsha baza kukhuselwa kwaye bakhuselwe kubantu abangenasimilo. Ukufikelela kulwazi lwezempilo ibiyeyona nto ingakhankanywanga kangako eyenziwa kwi-intanethi. Oku kusenokungadityaniswanga nobume obungaluthandi ulutsha lweziza. Uninzi lweendawo zibonakalisa ulwazi kusetyenziswa isigama sonyango esinokuthi singabi lula ngokwaneleyo ukuze siqondwe lula. Oku kungenza ingxelo ngenani elikhulu elizibandakanya ekuncokoleni, ekufundeni nasekuthumeleni ii-imeyile njengoko kubhaliwe ngu-Osakinle [18].
Uninzi lwabaselula ekwadliwan' indlebe nabo abazange babelane ngamava abanawo kwi-Intanethi nabani na kwaye abambalwa abenjenjalo ubukhulu becala nabahlobo babo. Oku kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukuze isixa solwazi olungachanekanga kunye/okanye iimbono ezingezizo phakathi kwabantu abatsha ngokunxulumene nemiba yesini zincitshiswe zibe kweyona nto incinane. Unxibelelwano olulambathayo lwabazali nomntwana lukwaxeliwe kolu phononongo. Oku kusenokungadibani nento yokuba abazali abaxhotyiswanga kakuhle ukuba baxoxe ngemibandela enjalo nabantwana babo ephenjelelwa yizithethe zenkcubeko ezingqonge imiba yesini kunye nempilo yokuzala. Ukuze abazali bakwazi ukufikelela kubantu babo abaselula, amandla abo kufuneka aqiniswe kuloo mmandla.
Ngapha koko, olu phononongo luqinisekisa amaxwebhu angaphambili ukuba amadoda anika ingxelo entle ngakumbi malunga nephonografi kwasebuncinaneni kunabasetyhini [19, 20]. Ukuphindaphindwa kokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi kwanxulunyaniswa kakhulu nokuziqhelanisa nomxholo weendawo ezinemifanekiso yezesondo. Oku kuqinisekisa iziphumo zangaphambili zokuba indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo inokufunyanwa ngokuvezwa kwimifanekiso engamanyala kunye neemodeli zesini kwi-Intanethi ngokulinganisa kunye nokukopa ezo zenzo [17, 21, 22]. Unxulumano olubalulekileyo lwarekhodwa phakathi kwenyathelo elithathiweyo ekuvezweni kwezixhobo ezingamanyala kwi-Intanethi ngokwesini kunye nokuphindaphindwa kokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi. Abasetyhini xa kuthelekiswa namadoda babenokusabela kakubi kuvezo olunjalo kwaye abasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo banokuthi bandwendwele iindawo zephonografi ngabom. Lo mahluko wesini kwisenzo esithathiweyo ekuvezweni koonografi uqinisekisa izifundo zangaphambili [17, 23, 24]. Kwakhona, ukuphindaphindwa kokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi kwanxulunyaniswa kakhulu nokuziqhelanisa nomxholo weendawo ezicacileyo ngesondo. Eli nqanaba lonxulumano lixelwe ngu Inyang [20], Egbochukwu et al [25] Odeyemi et al [22] kunye noBrown et al [26].
Iziphumo zohlalutyo lwe-logistic regression lubonise ukuba abasebenzisi bemihla ngemihla banokuthi bajonge indawo ye-pornography kunabanye abaphendulayo kunye namadoda kunokwenzeka ukuba kunabesifazane bafumane utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo. Oku kuyahambelana nezifundo zangaphambili ezifumene isini kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi ukuqikelela isimo sengqondo sezesondo kunye nokuziphatha kwabantu abadala abancinci [17, 27].
isiphelo
Olu phononongo lubonisa ukuxhaphaka okuphezulu kokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi phakathi kwabantu abancinci. Ikwabhale unxibelelwano phakathi kokusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-Intanethi kunye nokuziphatha okuvumayo ngokwesondo okuqaqambisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi njengento ebalulekileyo yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kwabafikisayo. Ukongeza, unxibelelwano olubi lomzali nomntwana lwaphinda lwaqinisekiswa. Ke ngoko, ukuba amandla apheleleyo emfundo ye-Intanethi aya kufezekiswa kubantu abancinci, ungenelelo olunamacandelo amaninzi olujolise kubantu abancinci, ukwakha isakhono sabazali kunxibelelwano oluphuculweyo kunye nokumisela izikhokelo ezingqongqo ekusebenzeni kwe-cybercafé kuyimfuneko.
Yintoni eyaziwayo malunga nesi sihloko
- Izifundo zangaphambili zibonise ukuba kukho ukuxhaphaka okuphezulu kokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi phakathi kwabantu abancinci;
- Amaxwebhu angaphambili abonisa ukuba amadoda anika ingxelo entle ngakumbi malunga nephonografi kwasebuncinaneni kunabasetyhini. Ezi zifundo zifumene isini kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi ukuqikelela isimo sengqondo sezesondo kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokuziphatha kwabantu abadala abancinci;
- Ukongeza, iziphumo ezivela kwizifundo zangaphambili zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-Intanethi kunxulunyaniswa kakhulu nokuziqhelanisa nomxholo weendawo ezinemifanekiso yezesondo. Ngaloo ndlela ukuziphatha ngokwesondo kunokufunyanwa ngokuchanabeka kwimifanekiso engamanyala kunye neemodeli zesini kwi-Intanethi ngokuxelisa nokukopa ezo zenzo.
Olu phononongo longeza ntoni
- Inqanaba lemfundo lalingelomqobo ekufikeleleni kwi-Intanethi;
- Uninzi lwabaselula ekwadliwan' indlebe nabo abazange babelane ngamava abanawo kwi-Intanethi nabani na kwaye abambalwa abenjenjalo, ubukhulu becala bakwenze oko nabahlobo babo;
- Malunga nesinye kwisithathu ekuxelwe ukuba siye safumana utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha emva kokuvezwa ngokwesondo ngokuphandle kwaye phantse isinye kwisihlanu sabaphenduli nyani baqhelisela oko kubonwe kwiziza.
Imali yabalobi
Bonke ababhali baye banegalelo kolu phononongo ngeendlela ezingqinelanayo ne-ICJME yokubhala iikhrayitheriya. Bonke ababhali bafunde kwaye bavuma inguqulelo yokugqibela yalo mbhalo-ngqangi.
Ucaphulo
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