umthombo: Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities. Sep 2017, Vol. 25 INkupho yesi-3, p1059-1071. 13p.
Umbhali (s): Siti-Haidah, MI; USusan, MKT; eBujang, MA; Voon, YL; Chan, LF; Abdul-Wahab, N.; Kalil, EZ; Mohd-Ishak, N.; Kamal, NN
Abstract:
Ukukhulelwa kwangaphambi komtshato phakathi kwabafikisayo kubangela ingxaki enkulu yezempilo nentlalontle ingakumbi kwabo baphakathi kweminyaka eli-10 ne-19. Olu phononongo lujolise ekufumaniseni ukuba oku kuzala ngaphandle komtshato kolutsha kunxulumene kangakanani nokuchanabeka ngokwesondo. izinto ezingcolileyo okanye amanyala. Kucingelwa ukuba ukuchanabeka rhoqo kwizinto ezibonisa amanyala okanye amanyala kunokuba nonxulumano nokwanda kwesantya sokukhulelwa kolutsha. Olu luphononongo lolawulo apho abakwishumi elivisayo abakhulelweyo ngaphambi komtshato abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-12 neli-19 bakhethwa (njengemeko) kwiindawo zokuhlala zikarhulumente kulo lonke elaseMalaysia, kwaye abakwishumi elivisayo abangakhulelwanga bakhethwa ngokungacwangciswanga kwizikolo ezininzi zasesekondari eKuala Lumpur (njengolawulo). ). Bebonke bali-114 abakwishumi elivisayo abakhulelweyo ngaphambi komtshato kunye ne-101 yabafikisayo abangakhulelwanga abathathe inxaxheba kolu phononongo. Abathathi-nxaxheba abavela kumaqela omabini bazalise i-questionnaire malunga nokuphindaphinda kwabo ukubonakaliswa koonografi. Abakwishumi elivisayo abakhulelweyo ngaphambi komtshato babephantse babe ngamaxesha alishumi ukuba babe nokuvezwa rhoqo kwiphonografi xa kuthelekiswa nolutsha olungakhulelwanga (OKANYE = 9.9 [Cl 4.3 – 22.5]). Ngenxa yoko, ukuchanabeka rhoqo kwiphonografi kwaboniswa ukuba kunonxulumano olubalulekileyo nokukhulelwa kwabakwishumi elivisayo ngaphambi komtshato.
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