Malingaliro a lero ndi omwe anali anthu oyamba kukula mu dziko limene zithunzi zolaula zinali zaulere, zosavuta kupeza - ndipo nthawi zambiri zowopsya. Gabriel Pogrund, 23, akulongosola mmene zimapangidwira achinyamata
Pamene webusaiti ina yotchuka idakwanira tsiku la kubadwa kwa 10th kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, anthu zikwi zambiri adabwera ku Twitter kuti adziwe zomwe malowa adawaphunzitsa zaka khumi zapitazo. Mayankhowo anali okhudzidwa kwambiri.
Wina amagwiritsa ntchito joked: "Kuti nthawizonse mutseke zitseko." "Momwe mungatsekere pakompyuta mwamsanga," anatero wina. Mmodzi, wochulukira pang'ono, adavomereza kuti, "Ndibwino kuti ndikhale wosiyana," pamene wina adanena kuti malowa adawaphunzitsa "kanthu kakang'ono kamene ndimadziwa pa kugonana".
Tsamba lomwe likukambidwa linali Pornhub: kampani yomwe ili pakati pa makampani opanga zolaula padziko lonse lapansi omwe ali ndi ndalama zokwana $100 biliyoni ndipo ili ndi alendo ambiri kuposa mawebusayiti a BBC, CNN ndi Amazon.co.uk kuphatikiza. Tsiku lobadwa lake lidamveka ngati nthawi yoyenera kuganizira za funde la chinyengo lomwe lafalikira m'badwo wanga.
Ndinabadwira m'tauni ya 1994, malo osungirako zojambula zochepa ku LA omwe anapanga mafilimu ochuluka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ambiri mwa amunawa amawagula pa matepi a VHS m'masitolo ogonana amitundu, amawatenga ku mavidiyo okhaokha kapena kuwayang'ana pazitsulo zolipira pakhomo kapena zipinda za hotelo. Kenaka intaneti idachitika - ndipo zolaula zinayamba kufalikira, ndipo zinkatha kunyamula.
Masiku ano, malinga ndi Pornhub, ndi achikulire omwe amawerengera ambiri ogulitsa zolaula. Zaka zikwizikwi - anthu akale a 18 mpaka 34 - amapanga 60% a ogwiritsira ntchito webusaitiyi. Amenewa ndi anthu pafupifupi 45m - omwe 23% ndi akazi - amawerengera mavidiyo a 55bn omwe amawonedwa chaka chatha.
Ndinayamba kumvetsetsa za khalidwe la Pornhub - komanso zolaula zomwe zimakhudza mbadwo wanga - mu mafunso osokoneza bongo kunyumba kwa mnzanga, wa 16. Mmodzi mwa maulendo oopsa kwambiri anali kutchula gulu lililonse pa webusaitiyi. Mphunzitsi uja atalengeza kuzungulira, tinkathamanga kuseka. Komabe, gulu lirilonse linayamba kutchula zigawo za 30. "Achinyamata", "abambo", "ebony", "amitundu", "amasiye", "mpesa", "European", "amateur", ndi zina zotero.
Pamene ndikuganizira zambiri kuyambira nthawiyi, mochulukirapo ndalingalira zomwe ndikuwonetsa zodabwitsa pa msinkhu wanga. Pano pali 20 kapena achinyamata ambiri - onsewo anamwali - akuwerenga molondola kwambiri za chimango cha kugonana, zokonda ndi zopotoza.
Sizowonjezera dzina lamasamba omwe adayikidwa mu miyoyo yathu. Mnzanga amene analipo patsikulo akutsimikizira kuti: "Tinazindikiranso maina a nyenyezi zolaula. Zosiyana zogonana. Ife tinkadziwa mauthenga omwe ankawombera kumbali. Tonsefe takhala tikungoyamba kugonana kwa zaka zambiri. "
Ngati ilipo, pali zithunzi zolaula. 'Fidget spinners' ndi 'Boris Johnson' akhalapo pakati pa kufufuza zamaliseche posachedwapa
Masewerawa anatsimikizira kuti, mosiyana ndi makolo athu, chibadwidwe changa chinakulira mu zolaula, zolaula, zolaula nthawi yomweyo komanso zosatha. Pokhala achichepere kumayambiriro a Noughties (kapena ayenera kukhala Naughties?), Tinakulira mu chikhalidwe chomwe chinayambitsa "Rule 34" - imodzi mwa malamulo otchedwa intaneti - omwe amati: "Ngati ilipo, pali zolaula za izo. "Izi zikutanthauza kuti, chinthu chirichonse chodziwika chomwe inu mungakhoze kuchilota chakhala chikuwonetsedwa kale mu zolaula kwinakwake pa intaneti. Lamuloli likugwiransobe ntchito - "zowonongeka", "clowns wakupha" ndi "Boris Johnson" onse ali pakati pafufuzidwe pamwamba pa Pornhub zaka ziwiri zapitazo.
Monga achinyamata achidwi omwe ali ndi Google pang'onopang'ono, tikhoza kufufuza chirichonse chomwe tingaganize. Ndipo osati zambiri - ngakhale zonyansa zomwe zilipo - zatidabwitsa.
Ambiri osaiwalika, a 14 okalamba, mawu a 2 Girls 1 Cup omwe amawawonetsa zolaula amafalitsa pakati pa anzanga akusukulu omwe anali ndi mafilimu awiri a ku Brazil ndi chikho cha anthu. Kwa masabata ife timakhala tikuzungulirana kuzungulira PC ku sukulu tikuyang'ana, kuyang'ana ndi kukumbatirana ndi mwana wa sukulu. Ndikupulumutsani inu, koma filimuyi inakhala yovuta kwambiri - yomwe ilibe phindu lofotokozera kapena kufotokoza - mu 2009 chigawo cha hit Channel 4 comedy series The Inbetweeners. Mnyamata Jay akuwonetsa kanema pa laputopu yake yatsopano ndipo mnzanuyo ati: "Zimenezo sizingakhale zenizeni, ziyenera kukhala chokoleti!"
Chizolowezi chimodzimodzi chinayamba pomwepo anthu zikwizikwi anadzijambula okha akudzimva mwachidwi poyang'ana pa clip. George Clooney adavomereza mwachidwi kuti ayang'ane iyo pokambirana ndi Esquire (adanena kuti adathawa m'chipinda, akugwedeza). Mavidiyo osadziwika a Kermit the Frog apeza ma miliyoni ambiri.
Zithunzi, zinali zoonekeratu, zinali zotsutsana ndi chikhalidwe cha achinyamata. Zovuta kwambiri kapena zina, ife taziyang'ana izo zokha, ndi anzathu, muzipinda zathu, kusukulu. Ife taziyang'ana izo pofuna kukondweretsa kugonana, ife taziyang'ana izo chifukwa cha kuseka. Ndipo pamene tinkayenda panyanjayi, kukambirana kunayambira m'dziko lakutali lakutali poona ngati zolaula zinali zoipa kwa ife. Kodi izo zinachotsa kusalakwa kwathu? Kodi ukuwononga chikondi ndi kugonana kwa m'badwo wonse?
ziwerengero zosavuta
- 23%
a Zaka Zaka Chikwi omwe amayendera Pornhub ndi akazi - 60%
alendo Pornhub.com ndi Zakachikwi - anthu akuluakulu a 18 mpaka 34 - 53%
a British 11- kwa zaka za 16 adanena kuti awona zinthu zakuphweka pa intaneti - 53%
anyamata amaganiza zolaula ndizowonetsa zenizeni za kugonana, poyerekeza ndi 39% ya atsikana (Gwero la zigawo zonse NSPCC / Middlesex University 2016)
Zokambirana zimenezo zinali zosapindulitsa kwa ife. Iwo sakanakhoza kusokoneza chikhalidwe chonse: pamene ife tinakalamba, zolaula - zabwino, zoyipa ndi zoyipa - zinakhala mofulumira, momasuka komanso zofikira kwambiri. Zithunzi zosunthira: kuchoka pa kompyuta kupita ku laputopu ndipo, potsiriza, ku smartphone, kotero kuti mosiyana ndi makampani achikulire achiwerewere a kanema zamakaseti ndi magazini, tikhoza kuchipeza kulikonse kumene tikufuna, popanda tsatanetsatane. Monga munthu wina adayika pa Twitter pa Pornhub, "Zandidziwitsa kuti njira ya Incognito ndi yofunika bwanji," ponena za njira yosokoneza mbiri yanu yosaka. "Izo zandiphunzitsa kufunika kochotsa mbiri yanga ya intaneti," inayika china.
Jesse, yemwe tsopano ndi 12, anati: "Ndimaona kuti nthawi yoyamba imene ndinkaonera zolaula zinali za 22. "Ndimakumbukira kuti anthu amabwera [kusukulu] ali ndi magalimoto odzaza nawo. Tingaziwombole ku iPods zathu ndikuzigawa. Zinali zophweka - kusamalidwa kwathunthu. Palibe amene angagwidwe. "
Jamie akuyamikabe chifukwa cha zolaula zomwe anali nazo pa moyo wake wachinyamata. Amagonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndipo anakulira m'dera lomwe mulibe anzawo osakwatirana kapena achibale awo. "Zithunzi zimatanthauza kuti ndingalowemo ndipo pamasekondi ndikuwona kuti zinthu zomwe ndimakonda ndikuwonetsedwanso ndi mazana a anthu," akutero. "Zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri."
Iye akunena kuti kumatanthauzanso kukhala "zinthu zochititsa mantha," ngakhale zili choncho. "Ndikuthokoza chifukwa chozindikira kuti sikuti aliyense anali wolunjika, koma nkhaniyi nthawi zambiri inali yowawa. Zithunzi zolaula zambiri zikuwonetsera maonekedwe a amuna omwe akugonjera akazi - ndipo ndithudi amuna ena - kulamulira koopsa. Ife sitinali okonzedwa kuti tiwone izo, ndipo pa usinkhu umenewo sitinasamalire. "
Jamie anali akadali namwali pamene adapitiliza kuphunzira Chingerezi ku yunivesite ya Oxford. "Pamene ndinafika, zinatenga nthawi ndi atsikana ndi anyamata kuti adziwe zomwe zinali zosayenera," akutero. "Sindikutanthauza kuti ndabwera pamsampha wogonana, kapena kuchita chilichonse choipa. Ndikutanthauza kuti, ngakhale kuti zolaula zinkasonyeza kuti kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kunali kosavuta, sikunandisonyeze momwe ndingayankhulire mwanjira yodalirika kapena yopatsa. Unali dalitso ndi temberero. "
Pamene mbadwo wathu unadzala pa intaneti, zolaula zambiri panthawi imodzi zinkawonekera kukhala zowonongeka komanso zoganizira kwambiri mphamvu. Kafukufuku m'magazini ya Journal of Sex Research ku 2014, ofufuza adafufuza mavidiyo ambiri otchuka pa intaneti ndipo adapeza kuti mu 40% ya mafilimu, amayi adalimbikitsidwa "kuchita zachiwawa" kuphatikizapo kukwapula, kukwapula ndi kugwedeza - pamene "kugonana kolimbikitsidwa" zinachitika mu gawo limodzi la magawo khumi.
Olembawo anapeza mafakitale omwe amuna anali aumunthu monga makina okwiyitsa, pamene akazi amawonetsedwa ngati "zida zokhutira amuna" omwe "sanayankhire nkhanza zachiwawa". Ulamuliro sunali wodalirika, komanso unali wamaganizo. "Mphunzitsi wa sukulu amaphunzitsidwa phunziro." "Wobereka mwana amawopsya kugonana." "Adadi amaphunzitsa bwenzi la mwana wamkazi momwe angagwirire ndi kugonana." DNA yamakampaniyi inalembedwa ntchito zamalonda, zachuma komanso zachilengedwe.
Ndakumana ndi anyamata a zaka zapakati pa 18 omwe chizolowezi choyamba cha kugonana chimaphatikizapo kupempha atsikana kuti amangirire ndi kuwakwapula
Martin Daubney, yemwe adalemba magazini ya Lods asanakhale woyambitsa chiwerewere m'masukulu, adakumana ndi achinyamata omwe ali osakonzekera kuti asiyanitse malingaliro ndi zenizeni. "Ndakumana ndi anyamata a zaka 18 omwe amayamba kugonana ndikufunsanso atsikana kuti awasunge mipando ndi kuwakwapula," adandiuza. Amva atsikana akunena kuti anyamata awo amatsanzira zochitika za mafilimu owonetsa zolaula, ndipo amachita zomwe atsikana amapeza kuti zimakhala zosautsa, zosasangalatsa kapena zopweteka. "Ndayankhula ndi anyamata omwe amati sanagonepopo ndi munthu aliyense, koma ndithudi mukufuna kuyesa kugonana."
"Asanayambe intaneti," Daubney, wazaka 47, akukumbukira, "zidatenga nthawi yayitali kuti uzindikire zomwe umakonda ... tsopano njira yofufuzira zogonana idakwaniritsidwa zaka zoyambilira."
Zotsatira zake n'zakuti, kwa achinyamata ambiri, kugonana kwenikweni - pamene pamapeto pake kufika - sikusangalatsa kwambiri kuposa momwe ziyenera kukhalira. Izi zikutchulidwa ndi ziwerengero za chikhalidwe cha zinthu monga erectile kupweteka - kamodzi kuwonedwa ngati matenda achikulire. Ku Ulaya, kuchuluka kwa vutoli pakati pa amuna a 18 ndi 40 kwaposa chiwerengero cha anthu a 40 akuluakulu mpaka 80 khumi zapitazo, mpaka kufika pa 28%.
Angela Gregory, wothandizira maganizo pa chipatala cha Nottingham University, posachedwapa adachenjeza kuti chiwerengero cha odwala achimuna omwe amachiza matenda opweteka a erectile m'zaka zisanu zapitazi chawonjezeka. "Amuna awa alibe anyamata. Iwo ayesedwa kale ndi GP awo ndipo zonse ziri bwino, "adatero.
Kodi zolaula zayamba kukhala zopitilira muyeso - kutengeka kwambiri ndimphamvu, zowoneka bwino kwambiri - kuti zikope achinyamata omwe safuna zolaula? Kat Banyard, wokonda zachikazi komanso wotsutsa zolaula, amakhulupirira choncho. Monga momwe akulembera m'buku lake la 2016, Pimp State: Sex, Money and the Future of Equality: "Opeza zolaula amayenera kupeza njira yolumikizira zolaula zawo pamaso pa gulu la anthu… ndipo nthawi yomweyo akumenya nkhondo yosungulumwa."
Pofuna kudula phokoso la msika wogwidwa ndi kukakamiza ogwiritsa ntchito osagwiritsidwa ntchito, Banyard akutsutsa, opanga ayenera kupanga zinthu zambiri zowonjezera.
Nditaika zimenezo kwa Corey Price, pulezidenti wa Pornhub, adanena kuti malondawa akungoyankha zofuna za msika. "Ndizofanana ndi makampani onse opanga zinthu. Ngati mukufuna kutuluka ndi kukopa chidwi cha anthu, muyenera kupanga choyambirira ndi zolengedwa zomwe anthu akufuna. "
Ndimamufunsa ngati akuganiza kuti zolaula zimangosonyeza zofuna zogonana zogonana, kapena ngati kuonera zolaula kumawapangitsa kukhala ndi chilakolako chofuna kupitirira malire. Akuti izi ndi zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa akatswiri a zamaganizo kapena afilosofi kuti aganizire.
"Izi ndi zomwe anthu akuchita, tidzasiya ena kuti adziwe chifukwa chake. Ndife deta chabe komanso sayansi ndi deta. Cholinga chathu ndi kupereka kanema yabwino kwa munthuyo. Chitsanzo chathu chazamalonda kwambiri ndi YouTube, "Price akuti.
Izi ziyenera kuyanenedwa, anzake akukonzekera bwino zomwe anthu akufuna; pazaka zapitazo za 10, Pornhub adalandira imodzi mwa anthu olemekezeka kwambiri pazinthu za sayansi padziko lapansi. "Wina anali katswiri wa nyukiliya, wina anabwera kuchokera ku Microsoft, wina anali kugwira ntchito mufukufuku wa zachipatala," Price akuti. "Kwa inu, ndi zolaula, koma kwa iwo ndi deta chabe."
Ntchito yawo ndi kufufuza deta yaikulu kwambiri yomwe imayikidwa pa chikhalidwe cha anthu. Zaka ziwiri zapitazo, adapereka lipoti lofotokoza za anthu awo opindula kwambiri: Zaka Chikwi. Choncho, nchiyani chomwe chimasiyanitsa m'badwo woyamba kuti ukhale ndi zolaula pa intaneti?
Lipotili limayamba pofotokozera kuti "kufotokozera mwachangu ndikudziwidwa kwa gululi mwa intaneti muzaka zawo zogwira ntchito" kwakhazikitsa zaka chikwi kusiyana ndi mibadwo yakale momwe akudyera zolaula pa intaneti. Amayang'ana nthawi zambiri kuposa gulu lina lililonse, amagwiritsa ntchito mafoni osiyanasiyana (mafoni a m'manja, osati makompyuta), alandireni maola osiyanasiyana (11pm kuti 12am apite) ndipo fufuzani zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana.
Ambiri mwa mavoti a zaka chikwi angakhale atasankha kukhalabe ku Ulaya, koma UK twentysomethings amayang'ana pafupi ndi nyumba pa zolaula: "British" ndizowunikira zomwe zimawonedwa kwambiri. Zochitika zokhudzana ndi "achinyamata", "mums", "maseŵera" ndi "abisitters", pakali pano, ndizo zina mwazozizwitsa zawo. Padziko lonse lapansi, Millennials wokhudzana ndi thanzi labwino - omwe amadziwika ndi mafodya awo odyetsa-amatha kuona "zolaula" ndi "yoga" kuposa mibadwo yakale, omwe amafufuza "kusuta" zolaula anali 51% yowonjezera.
Mtengo wa Pornhub ndi wosaganizira za zolakwika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pawebusaiti yake. "Anthu akuyang'ana zosiyana ndi zozizwitsa, amafuna kukhala ndi zinthu zomwe sizili m'moyo weniweni," akutero.
Makampani opanga zolaula ali ndi chidwi chokhala ndi anthu pambaliyi. Isabel, 25, mtolankhani ndi womenyera akazi, akuti: "Sindingakane mkazi kapena mwamuna aliyense ufulu woyang'anira zomwe akufuna. Izi zikumveka ngati kupitiliza kugonana. "
Amanena momveka bwino kuti: "Ndimayendetsa zinthu zina zambiri pa moyo wanga, sindimangokhalira kugwedezeka, komanso sindimaonera zolaula zoopsa. Pokhapokha ngati atagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira malire komanso pamwamba pa bolodi, sindimayesa zomwe mnzanga amakonda.
"Koma zimakhalanso zosavuta kudziwa pamene mnyamata wawonerera zolaula zambiri. Kapena, mwinamwake, pamene mnyamata sanaphunzire kusiyanitsa pakati pa moyo weniweni ndi zolaula. Vuto ndilo pamene anthu abweretsa izi m'chipinda chogona - ndikuwona zolaula monga chiwonetsero cha zomwe zimagwirizana ndi anthu kapena zogonana. Monga chikazi, ndizo zokambirana zomwe ndikufuna kukhala nazo-sindimathetsa zolaula. "
Palibe amene ndalankhula naye pa nkhaniyi akukhulupirira kuti yankho lake linali kuletsa kapena kuwonetsa zolaula. Dongosolo lachidziwitso limawonetsa momveka bwino kuti Zakachikwi sizidzakhumudwa ndi khalidwe labwino nthawi yomweyo. Zithunzi zofunikira ndizofunika kwambiri pa momwe amasonyezera komanso kugonana.
Wochita malonda a pa intaneti komanso wogonana ndi zolaula amaganiza kuti yankho lake ndi kungopereka zabwino, zatsopano. Cindy Gallop anayamba MakeLoveNotPorn, webusaiti yomwe imagwirizanitsa maanja mu ubale weniweni wogonana.
"Zolaula zili zosiyana kwambiri ndipo zimalemera monga mabuku kapena china chilichonse," akundiuza. "Ndizosangalatsa, ndipo anthu ayenera kukumbukira zimenezo. Ngati ndinu wofalitsa ndipo simukukonda mabuku omwe mumapereka, mumatani? Sindikizani mabuku abwino. "
Mayina ena asinthidwa