Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kukwera kwakukulu mu misala yakugonana kwaunyamata. Achinyamata masiku ano akuwoneka kuti akuwonjezeka kwambiri mu ED (ndi zovuta zina zakugonana) kuyambira pomwe panali intaneti. Kafukufuku onse akuwunika kugonana kwa amuna achichepere kuyambira 2010 amafotokoza za kusowa kwa ntchito kwa erectile, komanso zodabwitsa za vuto latsopano: libido yotsika.
Chiŵerengero cha anthu osagonana ndi amuna chinkayambira pa 14 mpaka 37%, pomwe chiwerengero cha anthu osagonana ndi amuna chinkayambira pa 16% mpaka 37%. Chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zodabwitsa kwambiri za momwe anyamata achichepere akuvutikira ndi kuchuluka kwa ED ndi kafukufuku wofufuza wa ochita mafilimu achimuna akuluakulu omwe adasindikizidwa mu 2018: 37% ya amuna otchuka, azaka zapakati pa 20-29, anali ndi vuto la erectile dysfunction (IIEF ndiye mayeso wamba a urology a erectile function). Yerekezerani ochita mafilimu achichepere ndi ochita mafilimu achikulire:
Mlingo wa ED usanachitike pa intaneti
Kuchuluka kwa matendawa ndi chinthu chomwe chikuchitika posachedwapa, koma kuyerekeza kuchuluka kwa ED mwa amuna pakapita nthawi kungakhale kovuta. Mwachikhalidwe, kuchuluka kwa ED kwakhala kochepa mwa anyamata, ndipo sikunayambe kukwera kwambiri mpaka atakwanitsa zaka 40. Mwachitsanzo, nayi graph kuchokera ku kafukufuku wa ku Dutch woyerekeza deta kuyambira chaka cha 2004 chisanafike.
Vuto lotsatira ndikumvetsetsa momwe kuchuluka kwa ED kwakwera. Izi ndi zovuta chifukwa kuchuluka kwa ED kwayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana m'zaka 25 zapitazi. Ofufuza ena adafunsa funso limodzi (inde/ayi) ndipo adapempha omwe ali ndi ED kuti ayese kuopsa kwake. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa mafunso 5 kapena 6 wa chida chaposachedwa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito masikelo a Likert. Chimatchedwa IIEF ( The International Index of Erectile Function ), ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano.
Ofufuza ena adagwiritsanso ntchito mafunso osiyanasiyana. Mu 2019, BBC idachita kafukufuku wake wa anthu opitilira 1000 azaka zapakati pa 18 ndi 25. Makumi awiri pa zana a owonera zolaula azaka zapakati pa 18 ndi 25 amaganiza kuti zakhudza luso lawo logonana.
Zakale za ED ED
Nanga bwanji zina zomwe mbiri ya ED imapezeka m'mabuku oyang'aniridwa ndi anzawo pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana? Choyamba, izi ndi zotsatirapo kuchokera ku maphunziro akuluakulu a 2 m'magawo a ED mu amuna aku America ogonana. Zonsezi zisanafike povuta kwambiri.
- Mu 1940s, a Nkhani ya Kinsey inatha kuti kufalikira kwa ED kunali zosakwana 1% mwa amuna aang'ono kuposa zaka 30, zosakwana 3% mu 30-45.
- A 1999 Kufufuza mozungulira magawo (zochokera pa deta yomwe inasonkhanitsidwa ku 1992) yofalitsidwa ndi Journal ya American Medical Association Ananena kuti mitengo yosawonongeka ya erectile yokha 5%, ndi chilakolako chogonana chapakati pa 5%. Phunzirolo, zaka za amuna omwe adafukufukuwa zinachokera ku 18 mpaka 59, choncho gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a iwo anali oposa 40, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiwerengero cha amuna ogonana pansi pa 40 anali otsika.
Mu 2002 ofufuza aku Dutch adachita kafukufuku wofufuza za ED wapamwamba kwambiri pa maphunziro 6 apamwamba . Maphunziro onse omwe adawunikidwa kuchokera ku Europe (5) adanenanso kuti amuna osakwana zaka 40 ali ndi ED pafupifupi 2% . Wachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi womwe udanenedwa pamwambapa.
Amuna ochepa ochita zogonana ali ndi ED
Dziwani: Kumbukirani kuti kuchuluka kwa amuna omwe ali ndi vuto la ED kwa amuna onse azaka zonse ndi kokwera kuposa kuchuluka kwa amuna omwe amachita zogonana. Mwachitsanzo, mu deta ya 1992 ya amuna omwe amachita zogonana azaka zapakati pa 18-59, kuchuluka kwa amuna omwe ali ndi vuto la ED kunali 5% yokha. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa amuna (onse omwe amachita zogonana ndi omwe sanachite) kunali 7% mwa amuna azaka zapakati pa 18-29. Kunali 9% mwa amuna azaka zapakati pa 30-39, 11% mwa amuna azaka zapakati pa 40-49, ndi 18% mwa amuna azaka zapakati pa 50-59. Pofuna kuyerekeza "maapulo ndi maapulo," ife, monga ofufuza ambiri, timayang'ana kwambiri kuchuluka kwa amuna omwe amachita zogonana. Mwatsoka izi sizikuwerengera mavuto a ED mwa anyamata omwe amapewa kugonana chifukwa cha zovuta zogonana zomwe zimayambitsa zolaula.
Tisanabwerere ku kafukufuku waposachedwa, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa pang'ono za matenda a erectile dysfunction. ED nthawi zambiri imadziwika kuti psychogenic kapena organic. Pachikhalidwe, psychogenic ED imalumikizidwa ndi zinthu zamaganizidwe (mwachitsanzo, kukhumudwa, kupsinjika, kapena kuda nkhawa) pomwe organic ED imadziwika kuti imachitika mthupi (mwachitsanzo, minyewa, mahomoni, kapena anatomical.) Chidziwitso chodziwika kwambiri cha anyamata ochepera zaka 40 ndi psychogenic ED.
Amuna ochepera zaka 40
Kafukufuku wofufuza zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a ED mwa amuna osakwana zaka 40 nthawi zambiri sapeza zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a ED mwa amuna okalamba , monga kusuta fodya, uchidakwa, kunenepa kwambiri, moyo wongokhala, matenda ashuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima, komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi. Musakayikire ngati mutawerenga kuti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a ED mwa amuna okalamba ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa matenda a ED mwa achinyamata. Zimatenga zaka zambiri kuti zinthu zosiyanasiyana za moyo ziwonekere ngati matenda a vasculogenic kapena neurogenic ED. Inde, pepala la 2018 lomwe linkayang'ana zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a ED mwa anyamata silinapeze kusiyana pakati pa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a ED pakati pa omwe ali ndi matenda a ED ndi omwe alibe mavuto (avereji ya zaka 32). Kusiyana kokha kunali kuti omwe ali ndi matenda a ED anali ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana. Ofufuzawo sanafunse za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula.
Maphunziro atsopano pa anyamata
Tsopano, tikuyang'ana maphunziro ena aposachedwa pa anyamata achichepere (~40 ndi pansi). Pogwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5, kafukufuku wa 2012 wa amuna aku Switzerland azaka zapakati pa 18-24 adapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa ED ndi 30% , ndipo kafukufuku waku Brazil wa 2010 wa amuna azaka zapakati pa 18-40 adanenanso kuti kuchuluka kwa ED ndi 35% . Kafukufuku waku Italy wa 2013 adati wodwala m'modzi mwa anayi omwe akufuna thandizo la ED yatsopano anali azaka zosakwana 40. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, kuchuluka kwa ED yayikulu kunali pafupifupi 10% mwa amuna achichepere kuposa amuna azaka zopitilira 40.
Chipatala cha urology ku University of Florence chinanena kuti odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la ED koyamba osakwana zaka 40 anali pafupifupi 5% ya odwala onse. Pofika chaka cha 2014-2015 amuna osakwana zaka 40 omwe ankafuna thandizo la ED anali 15% ya odwala omwe anali ndi vuto la ED koyamba. Komanso, pepala la 2015 lonena za anthu aku Italy 4,211 omwe adafunafuna thandizo lachipatala chifukwa cha vuto la kugonana linapeza kuti anthu omwe amangodziseweretsa maliseche mopitirira muyeso anali aang'ono kuposa amuna ena ndipo anali ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha ED (ndipo mwina ankadziseweretsa maliseche pa intaneti).
Mlingo wokwera
Kafukufuku wa 2014 wokhudza matenda atsopano a ED mwa asilikali ogwira ntchito yogwira ntchito adanena kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ED kunawonjezeka kuposa kawiri pakati pa 2004 ndi 2013. Kuchuluka kwa ED yochokera ku psychogenic kunakwera kuposa ED yachilengedwe, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ED yosasankhidwa kunakhalabe kokhazikika. Kafukufuku wa 2014 wokhudza asilikali ankhondo azaka zapakati pa 21-40 adapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa ED kunali 33.2% , pogwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5. Pafupifupi theka la iwo anali ndi PTSD (chinthu chodziwika bwino chomwe chimayambitsa ED). Mu kafukufuku wina wankhondo wofalitsidwa mu 2015, ofufuza adapeza kuti ED imagwirizanitsidwa ndi nkhawa yogonana komanso chithunzi cha maliseche, zomwe zonsezi zitha kulumikizidwa mosavuta ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kwambiri.
Kulephera kwa chiberekero kumabweretsa mavuto pakugwiritsa ntchito kondomu mosamala. Kafukufuku wa mu 2015 wokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu molakwika, womwe unapeza amuna 479 (apakati pa zaka 20.43), unanena kuti panali mavuto osaneneka okhudza chiberekero panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito kondomu mwa anyamata onse 62%: 13.8% panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito kondomu, 15.7% panthawi yogonana, ndi 32.2% panthawi yonseyi. (Iyi sinali kafukufuku wokhudza anthu onse; ofufuza adawona kuti adafufuza mopitirira muyeso omwe anali ndi mavuto.)
Chikhumbo chotsika
Kafukufuku wotsatira akuwonetsa kuti chilakolako chogonana chotsika kwambiri chikuonekeranso mwa anyamata.
- A Kafukufuku wa 2014 pa achinyamata a ku Canada adanena kuti 53.5% ya amuna a 16-21 ali ndi zizindikiro zosonyeza vuto la kugonana. Kusokonekera kwa Erectile kunali kofala kwambiri (27%), kenaka chilakolako chogonana (24%), ndi mavuto ndi zisokonezo (11%). Olembawo anadabwa chifukwa chake mitengo inali yaikulu kwambiri, ndipo anadabwa kuti chiwerewere cholephera kugonana kwa amuna chimaposa akazi, mosiyana ndi zofalitsa zomwe zinatuluka kale.
- Ofufuza ofanana a ku Canada anafalitsa a Zaka za 2 zakale zophunzira mu 2016, momwe adapeza kuti, pa zaka zingapo zapadera pa zaka 2, ziwerengero zotsatirazi za amuna a zaka 16-21 alemba kuti:
- kukhutira kugonana kwenikweni (47.9%)
- chikhumbo chochepa (46.2%)
- mavuto mu erectile ntchito (45.3%)
Pomwe mavuto azimayi ogonana adakula patapita nthawi zovuta zakugonana kwa amuna sizinatero. "Mosiyana ndi anyamata achichepere, tapeza chithunzi chomveka bwino chakusintha kwa nthawi yayitali kwa atsikana achichepere, ndikuwonetsa kuti kuphunzira ndi luso lathandizira kuti moyo wawo wogonana ukhale wabwino." Ndipo, "Chokhacho chomwe chidatulukira ngati cholosera champhamvu chinali ubale. Achinyamata omwe sankagonana anali ndi mwayi wochulukirapo kuwirikiza katatu kuti anene zovuta zakugonana poyerekeza ndi omwe anali pachibwenzi. ” [Ophunzira onse anali ogonana, koma ndani angakhale akugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri?]
ED ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana
- A phunziro 2015 pa okalamba a ku sukulu ya ku Italy (18-19) anapeza zimenezo 16% mwa iwo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula kangapo pa sabata adanenedwa chilakolako cholakwika cha kugonana. Anthu osagwiritsa ntchito zolaula amafotokoza 0% chilakolako chogonana chochepa.
- A 2014 kufufuza kwa amuna achiCroatia pansi pa 40 ndipo pansi pa zifukwa za ED za 31% ndi zikhumbo zakugonana zochepa za 37%.
Kafukufuku wa mu 2015 , womwe unafunsa amuna aku Canada omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula maola 7 kapena kuposerapo pa sabata za momwe amagwirira ntchito yogonana, unapeza kuti 71% anali ndi vuto logonana, ndipo 33% adanena kuti anali ndi vuto lofika pachimake. Avereji ya zaka ndi 41.5.
Nkhani iyi ya mu 2018 yokhudza kafukufuku wa ku UK inanena kuti mwamuna mmodzi mwa amuna awiri azaka za m'ma 30 amavutika kuti apeze mphamvu zogonana komanso kuti asamachite chiwerewere!
Pamodzi, kafukufukuyu akusonyeza kuwonjezeka kwaposachedwa kwa ED mu amuna ~ 40 ndi pansi, komanso machitidwe ochititsa chidwi a chilakolako chogonana ndi chilakolako chogonana, kuyambira pomwe adakali wamng'ono (monga kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti).
Palibe kafukufuku aliyense mwa awa amene anathandiza anyamata kuchotsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kuti afufuze momwe zolaula pa intaneti zimakhudzira machitidwe awo ogonana, ngakhale kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kukuwonetsa kusintha kwakukulu m'malo ogonana amuna m'nthawi ya digito. Komabe, umboni wowunikidwa ndi anzawo womwe umatsimikizira kuti zolaula pa intaneti ndiye chifukwa cha zovuta zogonana za achinyamata ukupitirirabe. Onani mndandanda uwu wa maphunziro 39 ogwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kapena chizolowezi cha zolaula ndi zovuta zogonana komanso kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana ndi chilakolako chogonana . Maphunziro 7 oyamba pamndandandawu akuwonetsa chifukwa chake ophunzira adachotsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndikuchiritsa zovuta zogonana.
Maphunziro awiri ogwiritsa ntchito chimodzimodzi funso limodzi: 2001 vs. 2011 (GSSAB)
Kungakhale bwino kuyang'ana kafukufuku wina wosatsutsika womwe ukuwonetsa kukwera kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa ED kwa zaka khumi pogwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zazikulu kwambiri (zomwe zimawonjezera kudalirika). Amuna onse adayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito funso lomwelo (inde/ayi) lokhudza ED, monga gawo la Global Study of Sexual Attitudes and Behavior (GSSAB), lomwe linaperekedwa kwa amuna 13,618 ochita zogonana m'maiko 29. Izi zinachitika mu 2001-2002.
Patatha zaka khumi, mu 2011, funso lomwelo la "mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana" (inde/ayi) lochokera ku GSSAB linaperekedwa kwa amuna 2,737 ochita zogonana ku Croatia, Norway ndi Portugal . Gulu loyamba, mu 2001-2002, linali la zaka zapakati pa 40 ndi 80. Gulu lachiwiri, mu 2011, linali la zaka 40 ndi kuchepera.
Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka m'maphunziro am'mbuyomu, munthu anganene kuti amuna achikulire adzakhala ndi zigoli zambiri za ED kuposa anyamata achichepere, omwe zigoli zawo sizikanayenera kukhala zochepa. Sizinali choncho. M'zaka khumi zokha, zinthu zinasintha kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha ED cha 2001-2002 cha amuna azaka zapakati pa 40-80 chinali pafupifupi 13% ku Europe. Pofika mu 2011, chiŵerengero cha ED ku Ulaya, azaka zapakati pa 18-40, chinali kuyambira 14-28%!
Kodi n’chiyani chinasintha m’malo ogonana a amuna panthawiyi? Kusintha kwakukulu kunali kulowa pa intaneti ndi mwayi wopeza makanema olaula (kutsatiridwa ndi mwayi wowonera zolaula mu 2006, kenako mafoni a m’manja kuti azionere). Mu kafukufuku wa 2011 pa anthu aku Croatia, aku Norway ndi aku Portugal, Apwitikizi anali ndi chiwerengero chotsika kwambiri cha ED ndipo aku Norway anali ndi chiwerengero chokwera kwambiri. Mu 2013, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amalowa pa intaneti ku Portugal kunali 67% yokha, poyerekeza ndi 95% ku Norway.
Mogwirizana ndi zachipatala, zamatsenga, ndi zowonetsera
Chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa chikuwoneka mu kusanthula kwa zolemba za ED kuchokera ku ma forum a MedHelp. "Pafupifupi 60% ya amuna omwe amalemba pa ma forum anali osakwana zaka 24. Izi zinali zodabwitsa kwa ofufuza, chifukwa vuto la erectile nthawi zambiri limaonedwa ngati vuto lomwe limakhudza amuna okalamba."
Kafukufuku wa Irish Times anafunsa owerenga zikwizikwi za ED, ndipo chiwerengero cha amuna azaka zapakati pa 24 ndi 34 omwe anali ndi mavuto chinali 28%:
Dinani pazithunzi kuchokera ku 2015 Irish Times kufufuza kuti muwone ma ED, omwe amasonyeza maulendo apamwamba kuposa anyamata 35-49!
Zinalembedwa nkhani zowonongeka
Pafupi ndi 3,000 zipoti zodzipulumutsa kuchokera ku ED ndi zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi kugonana musanathe kuchotsa zolaula pa intaneti zingapezeke pamasamba awa:
Chidule mwachidule cha kafukufuku waposachedwa wamafukufuku omwe amayesa kugonana kwa amuna achichepere
- Kufala kwa ED mu amuna a 1,947 kunali 35.0% (73.7% yofatsa, 26.3% yowerengera / yodzaza). Anagwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5.
Zovuta za kugonana pakati pa anyamata: kufalikira ndi zinthu zogwirizana (2012)
- Mibadwo 18-24. Asilikali a ku Swiss (chovomerezeka kwa amuna onse a ku Switzerland). Anagwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5. Mitengo ya ED ya 30%
- Kusintha kwatsopano kwa ED monga vuto lalikulu kunapezeka mu 114 (26%) amuna ≤ zaka 40. Pafupi theka la anyamatawo anadwala ED, ndipo ali ndi chiwerengero chofanana kwa okalamba okalamba.
Kulephera kwa Erectile pakati pa mamembala omwe amagwira ntchito, asilikali a US, 2004-2013 (2014).
- Matenda atsopano a ED mu ntchito yogwira ntchito servicemen adanena kuti mitengoyi idapitirira kawiri pakati pa 2004 ndi 2013.
Kukula ndi makhalidwe a kugonana pakati pa pakati pa kugonana mpaka kumapeto kwa achinyamata (2014)
- Mibadwo 16-21. Kulephera kwa Erectile - 27%; Chikhumbo chogonana - 24%; Mavuto ndi zolaula - 11%. Anagwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5.
- Mibadwo 21-40. Anagwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5. Mitengo ya ED ya 33%
- Zaka 40 ndi pansi. Mitengo ya ED ya 33%. Anagwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5.
- Azungu, 18-40. Funso la inde / ayi kuchokera ku GSSAB (2011). Mitengo ya ED inachokera ku 14% -28%. Mafuta otsika otsika kwambiri ngati 37%.
- Kuphunzira kwa zaka za 2 zaka zomwe anapeza kuti, pa zaka zingapo za zaka 2, zaka zotsatirazi za amuna a 16-21 a zaka zakubadwa: kukhutira kugonana kochepa (48%), chikhumbo chochepa (46%), mavuto mu erectile function ( 45%). Anagwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5.
Kulephera kwa Erectile Pakati pa Opeza Amuna Achikulire: A Survey (2018)
- 37% ya nyenyezi zolaula, zaka Zaka 20-29, anali ndi zovuta zovuta kuyeza erectile. Anagwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5.
- 24.6% ya amuna azaka zapakati pa 18-40 amakhala m'gulu la ED. Anagwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5.
- 21.5% mwa amuna 2067 ogonana azaka za 18-45 anali ndi ED. Anagwiritsa ntchito IIEF-5.
Zofufuza zolumikiza kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kapena zolaula / zogonana pazovuta zakugonana & kutsitsimula pang'ono
Kuwonjezera pa maphunziro omwe ali pansipa, tsamba lino lili ndi nkhani ndi makanema olembedwa ndi akatswiri oposa 140 (aphunzitsi a urology, akatswiri a urology, akatswiri a maganizo, akatswiri a zamaganizo, akatswiri a zachiwerewere, akatswiri a zachiwerewere, MDs) omwe amavomereza ndipo apambana pochiza ED yoyambitsidwa ndi zolaula komanso kutaya chilakolako chogonana komwe kunachitika chifukwa cha zolaula. Maphunziro 7 oyamba akuwonetsa chifukwa chake ophunzirawo adachotsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndikuchiritsa zovuta zogonana:
1) Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ogonana? Kubwereza ndi Zipatala zapadera (2016)
Ndemanga yayikulu pamabuku okhudzana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi kugonana. Kuphatikiza madotolo 7 a Navy US, kuwunikaku kumapereka chidziwitso chaposachedwa kwambiri chomwe chikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pamavuto akugonana. Imawunikiranso kafukufuku wamitsempha wokhudzana ndi vuto lokonda zolaula komanso zolaula kudzera pa intaneti. Madotolo amapereka malipoti atatu azachipatala a abambo omwe adayamba kuchita zachiwerewere. Awiri mwa amuna atatuwo adachiritsa kugonana kwawo mwa kuthetsa zolaula. Munthu wachitatu sanasinthe pang'ono chifukwa samatha kupewa zolaula.
Chidule:
Zinthu zachikhalidwe zomwe poyamba zinalongosola zovuta za kugonana kwa amuna zimawoneka zosakwanira kuti ziwerengere chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa erectile, kuchedwa kuthamangitsidwa, kuchepetsa kugonana kwachigonjetso, ndi kuchepetsa kukhumudwa pakati pa kugonana pakati pa amuna pansi pa 40. Ndemanga iyi (1) imalingalira deta kuchokera kumadera osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, kuchipatala, matenda (uledzere / urology), maganizo (kugonana), zachikhalidwe; ndipo (2) imapereka malipoti okhudzana ndi zachipatala, onse ndi cholinga chopangira njira yothetsera kafukufuku wamtsogolo. Kusinthika kwa kayendedwe kabwino ka ubongo kumafufuzidwa ngati njira yothetsera malingaliro okhudzana ndi zolaula.
Ndemanga iyi ikuwonetsanso umboni wakuti makhalidwe apadera a zolaula pa intaneti (zachilendo zopanda malire, kuthekera kosavuta kufika pa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri, makanema, ndi zina zotero) zitha kukhala zamphamvu mokwanira kupangitsa chilakolako chogonana kukhala mbali za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti zomwe sizimasintha mosavuta kukhala okondedwa enieni, kotero kuti kugonana ndi okondedwa omwe mukufuna sikungawoneke ngati kukwaniritsa ziyembekezo ndi kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana. Malipoti azachipatala akusonyeza kuti kuthetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti nthawi zina ndikokwanira kusintha zotsatira zoyipa, kugogomezera kufunika kofufuza kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu achotse kusiyana kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti.
2) Zizoloŵezi za kugonana ndi ziwalo zogonana (2016)
Ndi dokotala wa zamaganizo wa ku France yemwe ndi purezidenti wa European Federation of Sexology . Ngakhale kuti nkhaniyi ikusintha pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti ndi maliseche, n'zoonekeratu kuti makamaka akunena za mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha zolaula (erectile dysfunction ndi anorgasmia). Pepalali likukhudza zomwe adakumana nazo ndi amuna 35 omwe adayamba kuvutika ndi erectile dysfunction ndi/kapena anorgasmia, komanso njira zake zochiritsira kuti awathandize. Wolembayo akunena kuti odwala ake ambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, ndipo ambiri anali ndi chizolowezi choonera zolaula. Nkhaniyi ikusonyeza kuti zolaula pa intaneti ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha mavutowa (kumbukirani kuti maliseche samayambitsa ED yosatha, ndipo saperekedwa ngati chifukwa cha ED). Amuna 19 mwa 35 adawona kusintha kwakukulu pakuchita zogonana. Amuna enawo adasiya chithandizo kapena akuyeserabe kuchira.
Zowonjezera:
Chiyambi: Chopanda vuto komanso chothandiza monga momwe amachitira nthawi zonse, m asturbation mu mawonekedwe ake ochulukirapo komanso odziwika bwino, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi chizolowezi cholaula, nthawi zambiri amanyalanyazidwa mu mayeso azachipatala a zovuta zogonana zomwe zingayambitse.
Zotsatira: Zotsatira zoyambirira za odwalawa, atalandira chithandizo kuti "asiye" zizolowezi zawo zodziseweretsa maliseche komanso chizolowezi chawo chowonera zolaula, ndizolimbikitsa komanso zopatsa chiyembekezo. Kuchepa kwa zizindikiro kunapezeka mwa odwala 19 mwa 35. Mavuto amisala anachepa ndipo odwalawa anasangalala ndi zochita zogonana zokhutiritsa.
Kutsiliza: Kudziseweretsa maliseche mopitirira muyeso, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayenderana ndi kudalira zolaula za pa intaneti, kwawonedwa kuti kumayambitsa mitundu ina ya kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa erectile kapena kutsekeka kwa m'mimba mwa mkazi kapena mwamuna. Ndikofunikira kuzindikira mwadongosolo kupezeka kwa zizolowezi izi m'malo mochita kafukufuku pochotsa, kuti muphatikizepo njira zochotsera zizolowezi pothana ndi mavutowa.
3) Zovuta zachilendo kuchita monga chidziwitso cha matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi chithandizo cha kugonana kwa anyamata (2014)
Imodzi mwa milandu 4 yomwe imapezeka mu pepalali imanenanso za bambo yemwe ali ndi vuto logonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha (libido, fetishes, anorgasmia). Kugonana kumeneku kunafuna kuti pakhale milungu isanu ndi umodzi yopewere zolaula. Pakatha miyezi 6 mwamunayo adanenanso kuti akufuna kugonana, kuchita bwino zogonana, komanso kusangalala “machitidwe abwino ogonana. Uwu ndi woyamba kufotokoza za kuchira kochokera kuzinthu zokhudzana ndi zolaula.
Zithunzi zochokera pamapepala:
"Atafunsidwa za mchitidwe wogonana, adati m'mbuyomu anali kuseweretsa maliseche mwamphamvu komanso mwachangu kwinaku akuonera zolaula kuyambira ali mwana. Zithunzi zolaula poyamba zinali ndi zoophilia, ndi ukapolo, ulamuliro, nkhanza, komanso masochism. Pambuyo pake anazolowera zinthu izi ndipo amafunikira zolaula zambiri. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, zachiwerewere, komanso zachiwawa. Ankakonda kugula zolaula zolaula pa zachiwawa komanso kugwiririra. Kenako adawonera zojambulazo m'malingaliro ake kuti azigonana ndi azimayi. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono anayamba kutaya chilakolako chake chokhala ndi malingaliro olota ndipo adachepetsa kuchuluka kwa maliseche. "
Mogwirizana ndi misonkhano ya mlungu ndi mlungu ndi katswiri wokhudza kugonana, wodwalayo analangizidwa kuti apewe kuwonetsedwa ndi zinthu zogonana, kuphatikizapo mavidiyo, manyuzipepala, mabuku, ndi zolaula pa intaneti.
Patatha miyezi 8, wodwalayo adanena kuti adakwanitsa kufika pachimake komanso kutulutsa umuna . Anakonzanso ubale wake ndi mkaziyo, ndipo pang'onopang'ono adakwanitsa kusangalala ndi machitidwe abwino ogonana.
4) Zimakhala zovuta bwanji kuchepetsa kuthamangitsidwa kochedwa mkati mwachitsanzo chochepa cha kugonana ndi kugonana? Kuyerekeza kwa kafukufuku wamakono (2017)
Lipoti lonena za "milandu ingapo" yosonyeza zomwe zimayambitsa ndi chithandizo chochedwetsa kutaya magazi (anorgasmia). "Wodwala B" amayimira anyamata angapo omwe amathandizidwa ndi wodwalayo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, pepalali likuti "kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa Patient B kudakulirakulira", "monga zimakhalira". Nyuzipepalayi inanena kuti zokhudzana ndi zolaula zimachedwetsa kutulutsa umuna si zachilendo, ndipo zikukwera. Wolembayo akufuna kuti afufuze zochulukira pazokhudza zolaula zakugonana. Kuchedwa kwa kuleza mtima kwa wodwala B kudachiritsidwa pambuyo pa masabata a 10 opanda zolaula.
Zowonjezera:
Milanduyi ndi yophatikizana yomwe yatengedwa kuchokera kuntchito yanga mkati mwa National Health Service ku Croydon University Hospital, London . Ndi mlandu womaliza ( Wodwala B ), ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti zomwe zafotokozedwazo zikuwonetsa anyamata angapo achichepere omwe adatumizidwa ndi madokotala awo omwe ali ndi matenda ofanana. Wodwala B ndi wazaka 19 yemwe adapezeka chifukwa sanathe kutulutsa umuna kudzera mu kulowa mkati. Ali ndi zaka 13, nthawi zonse ankalowa m'malo ochezera zolaula payekha kudzera pa intaneti kapena kudzera pa maulalo omwe anzake adamutumizira. Ankayamba kuseweretsa maliseche usiku uliwonse akufufuza chithunzi pafoni yake…Ngati sanaseweretse maliseche sankatha kugona. Zithunzi zolaula zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito zinali zitakula, monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri (onani Hudson-Allez, 2010), kukhala zinthu zovuta (palibe choletsedwa)…
Wodwala B anawonetsedwa ku zolaula pogwiritsa ntchito zolaula za m'zaka za 12 ndipo zolaula zomwe anali kugwiritsira ntchito zinali zitakula kupita ku ukapolo ndi kulamulidwa ndi zaka za 15.
Tinavomera kuti asagwiritsenso ntchito zolaula kuti achite maliseche. Izi zikutanthauza kusiya foni yake m'chipinda china usiku. Tavomereza kuti adzalora maliseche mosiyana ....
Wodwala B anakwanitsa kufika pachimake pofika gawo lachisanu; magawowa amaperekedwa milungu iwiri iliyonse ku Croydon University Hospital kotero gawo lachisanu likufanana ndi masabata pafupifupi 10 kuchokera pamene anafunsidwa mafunso. Anali wokondwa komanso womasuka kwambiri. Pa miyezi itatu yotsatira ndi Wodwala B, zinthu zinali kuyendabe bwino.
Chithandizo cha zamaubwenzi
Wodwala B si wodwala yekhayo amene amapezeka mu National Health Service (NHS) ndipo kwenikweni anyamata ambiri omwe amalandira chithandizo cha kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi anzawo, popanda okondedwa awo, amalankhula okha za kusintha komwe kukuchitika.
Chifukwa chake nkhaniyi ikuchirikiza kafukufuku wakale womwe wagwirizanitsa njira yodziseweretsa maliseche ndi vuto la kugonana komanso zolaula ndi njira yodziseweretsa maliseche. Nkhaniyi ikumaliza ndi kunena kuti kupambana kwa akatswiri odziwa za kugonana pogwira ntchito ndi DE sikulembedwa kawirikawiri m'mabuku a maphunziro. Izi zapangitsa kuti lingaliro la DE ngati matenda ovuta kuchiza likhalebe losatsutsika. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kuti pakhale kafukufuku wokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso momwe zimakhudzira kudziseweretsa maliseche komanso kuletsa maliseche.
5) Mkhalidwe Wathunthu Wopangika Maganizo: Nkhani Yophunzira (2014)
Zambiri zimavumbula mulandu wokhudzidwa ndi zolaula. Zogonana zokhazokha zomwe mwamuna anali nazo asanalowe m'banja zinali kuseweretsa maliseche pafupipafupi - komwe amatha kutulutsa umuna. Ananenanso kuti kugonana ndi kosavuta kuposa kuseweretsa maliseche. Chidziwitso chofunikira ndichakuti "kuphunzitsanso" komanso psychotherapy yalephera kuthana ndi vuto lake. Zomwezo zidalephera, othandizira adati kuletsa zolaula kwathunthu. Potsirizira pake kuletsa kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti agonane bwino ndikumasulidwa ndi mnzake kwa nthawi yoyamba m'moyo wake.
Maupangiri ochepa:
A ndi mwamuna wazaka 33 wokwatira amene amakonda kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, katswiri wochokera kumudzi wokhala ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso zachuma. Sanagonepo ndi anthu ogonana asanakwatirane. Ankaonera zolaula komanso ankadziseweretsa maliseche pafupipafupi. Chidziwitso chake chokhudza kugonana ndi kugonana chinali chokwanira. Pambuyo pa ukwati wawo, a A adafotokoza kuti chilakolako chawo cha kugonana poyamba chinali chachibadwa, koma pambuyo pake chinachepa chifukwa cha mavuto ake okhudzana ndi umuna. Ngakhale kuti ankamukakamiza kwa mphindi 30-45, sanathepo kutulutsa umuna kapena kufika pachimake panthawi yogonana ndi mkazi wake.
Chimene sichinagwire ntchito:
Mankhwala a Mr. A's adagwiritsidwa ntchito; clomipramine ndi bupropion zatha, ndipo sertraline idasungidwa pa mlingo wa 150 mg pa tsiku. Machitidwe opatsirana ndi banjali ankachitika mlungu ndi mlungu kwa miyezi ingapo yoyambirira, yomwe adatsatiridwapo kamodzi kapena kamodzi pamwezi. Malingaliro enieni kuphatikizapo kuganizira zokhudzana ndi kugonana ndikuganiziranso zokhudzana ndi kugonana kusiyana ndi kukasinthidwa kunagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuchepetsa nkhawa ndi kuyang'ana. Popeza mavuto adapitilirabe ngakhale izi zitachitika, mankhwala opatsirana pogonana anali kuganiziridwa.
Kuletsa maliseche
Pambuyo pake adayambitsa kuletsa maliseche (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti apitiliza kuchita maliseche panthawi yomwe ili pamwambapa)
Ananena kuti pakhale kuletsa mtundu uliwonse wa chiwerewere. Maseŵero olimbitsa thupi olimbikitsa chidwi (poyamba sanali okhudza maliseche ndipo pambuyo pake anali okhudza maliseche) anayamba. A A anafotokoza kuti sankatha kusangalala ndi chilakolako chofananacho panthawi yogonana poyerekeza ndi zomwe anakumana nazo panthawi yogonana. Atangomaliza kuletsa maliseche, ananena kuti anali ndi chilakolako chofuna kugonana ndi wokondedwa wake.
Pambuyo pa nthawi yosadziŵika bwino, kuletsa maliseche kumalo opambana:
Pakadali pano, a A ndi akazi awo adaganiza zopitiliza ndi njira zothandizira kubereka (ART) ndipo adapatsidwa njira ziwiri zoberekera. Pa nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, a A adatulutsa umuna koyamba, ndipo pambuyo pake adatulutsa umuna mokwanira nthawi zambiri akamagonana.
6) Zithunzi Zolaula Zinayambitsa Kulephera kwa Erectile pakati pa Achinyamata (2019) - Zosintha:
Pepala ili likufufuza za vuto la zolaula zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la kugonana (PIED), kutanthauza mavuto a mphamvu zogonana mwa amuna chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti. Deta yochokera kwa amuna omwe akuvutika ndi vutoli yasonkhanitsidwa. Kuphatikiza njira ya mbiri ya moyo (ndi mafunso ofotokozera nkhani pa intaneti osasinthasintha) ndi zolemba zaumwini pa intaneti kwagwiritsidwa ntchito. Detayo yafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwa chiphunzitso (malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha atolankhani cha McLuhan), kutengera kusanthula koyambira. Kafukufuku wofufuza akuwonetsa kuti pali mgwirizano pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi vuto la kugonana lomwe limasonyeza chifukwa chake.
Zomwe zapezekazi zachokera pa mafunso 11 pamodzi ndi ma dayalo awiri a kanema ndi ma dayalo atatu a mauthenga. Amunawa ali pakati pa zaka 16 ndi 52; amanena kuti kuyamba msanga kuona zolaula (nthawi zambiri paunyamata) kumatsatiridwa ndi kudya tsiku ndi tsiku mpaka kufika pamene zinthu zambiri (monga chiwawa) zimafunika kuti munthu akhale ndi chilakolako chogonana. Gawo lofunika kwambiri limafika pamene chilakolako chogonana chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zolaula zoopsa komanso zofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugonana kukhale kosasangalatsa komanso kosasangalatsa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu asathe kukhala ndi chilakolako chogonana ndi mnzake weniweni, ndipo amunawo amayamba "kuyambiranso" njira yogonana, kusiya zolaula. Izi zathandiza amuna ena kuti apezenso mphamvu zogonana.
Chiyambi cha zotsatira zotsatira:
Nditamaliza kufufuza deta, ndaona njira zina ndi mitu yobwerezabwereza, kutsatira nkhani yotsatizana m'mafunso onse. Izi ndi izi: Chiyambi . Munthu amayamba kuonera zolaula, nthawi zambiri asanakwanitse msinkhu. Kumanga chizolowezi . Munthu amayamba kuonera zolaula nthawi zonse. Kuwonjezeka . Munthu amatembenukira ku mitundu yambiri ya zolaula, malinga ndi zomwe zili mkati, kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zomwezo zomwe zidapezeka kale kudzera mu mitundu yochepa kwambiri ya zolaula. Kuzindikira. Munthu amaona mavuto okhudzana ndi mphamvu zogonana omwe amakhulupirira kuti amayamba chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Njira "yoyambiranso". Munthu amayesa kulamulira kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kapena kuzichotsa kwathunthu kuti apezenso mphamvu zogonana. Deta yochokera ku mafunsowa yaperekedwa kutengera zomwe zili pamwambapa.
7) Zobisika Zamanyazi: Zomwe Amuna Achikhalidwe Amachita Pakakhala Kovuta Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula (2019)
Mafunso a 15 ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Ambiri mwa amunawa adalemba zolaula, kuchuluka kwa magwiritsidwe ntchito, komanso zovuta zachiwerewere. Zolemba zokhudzana ndi zolaula zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azichita zachiwerewere, kuphatikiza Michael - yemwe amasintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito ake ogonana pomuchepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula:
Amuna ena ankalankhula zofunafuna thandizo la akatswiri kuti athetse vuto lawo logwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Kuyesa kotereku kufunafuna thandizo sikunathandize amunawo, ndipo nthawi zina kunawonjezera manyazi. Michael, wophunzira wa ku yunivesite yemwe ankagwiritsa ntchito zolaula makamaka ngati njira yothetsera nkhawa zokhudzana ndi kafukufuku, anali ndi vuto la kusagwira ntchito bwino kwa maliseche akamagonana ndi akazi ndipo anapempha thandizo kwa Dokotala wake Wamkulu (GP):
Michael
Nditapita kwa dokotala ku 19 [. . .], adalemba Viagra nati [nkhani yanga] inali chabe nkhawa. Nthawi zina zinagwira, ndipo nthawi zina sizinkagwira. Kunali kafukufuku wamunthu komanso kuwerenga komwe kumandionetsa kuti nkhaniyo inali yolaula [. . .] Ndikapita kwa dotolo ndili mwana wachichepere ndipo amandipatsa mankhwala a buluu, ndiye ndimakhala ngati palibe amene akukambirana. Amayenera kufunsa za momwe ndimagwiritsira ntchito zolaula, osandipatsa Viagra. (23, Middle-Eastern, Student)
Chifukwa cha zomwe adakumana nazo, Michael sanabwererenso kwa dokotala uja ndipo anayamba kufufuza payekha pa intaneti. Pomaliza pake adapeza nkhani yokhudza mwamuna wazaka ngati zake yomwe ikufotokoza za vuto lofanana ndi limeneli. Izi zinamupangitsa kuganizira za zolaula ngati zomwe zingamuthandize. Atayesetsa kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, mavuto ake okhudzana ndi vuto la kugonana anayamba kuchepa. Ananenanso kuti ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse zomwe ankachita maliseche sizinachepe, ankangoonera zolaula pafupifupi theka la nthawi zimenezo. Mwa kuchepetsa nthawi zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito maliseche ndi zolaula, Michael anati adatha kusintha kwambiri mphamvu zake zogonana akamagonana ndi akazi.
Phillip
Phillip, monga Michael, anapempha thandizo pa vuto lina la kugonana lokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Pankhani yake, vuto linali kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana . Atalankhula ndi dokotala wake za vuto lake komanso kugwirizana kwake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, dokotalayo akuti analibe chochita ndipo m'malo mwake adamutumiza kwa katswiri wodziwa za kubereka wamwamuna:
Phillip: Ndinapita kwa dokotala wa ana ndipo ananditumiza kwa dokotala yemwe sindinkakhulupirira kuti anali wothandiza kwambiri. Sanandipatse yankho ndipo sanali kunditenga mozama. Ndinamulipira jakisoni wa testosterone kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo inali $100 jakisoni, ndipo sizinathandize chilichonse . Imeneyo inali njira yawo yothetsera vuto langa logonana. Sindikuganiza kuti kukambirana kapena momwe zinthu zinalili zinali zokwanira. (29, Asian, Student)
Wofunsira: [Pofotokozera mfundo yomwe mudatchulayo, kodi izi ndi zomwe zakuchitikirani] zomwe zidakuletsani kufunafuna thandizo pambuyo pake?
Phillip: Yup.
Ma GPs ndi akatswiri omwe anafunsidwa ndi omwe atenga nawo mbali akuwoneka kuti amangopereka mayankho amachitidwe okha. Imeneyi ndi njira yomwe yadzudzulidwa m'mabuku (Tiefer, 1996). Chifukwa chake, chithandizo ndi chithandizo chomwe amunawa adatha kulandira kuchokera kwa a GP awo sichimangowonedwa kuti ndi chokwanira, komanso chinawapangitsa kuti asapeze thandizo la akatswiri. Ngakhale mayankho a biomedical akuwoneka ngati yankho lotchuka kwambiri kwa madotolo (Potts, Grace, Gavey, & Vares, 2004), njira yokhudzana ndi kasitomala imafunikira. Nkhani zomwe amuna amafotokoza ndizotheka kukhala zamaganizidwe ndipo mwina zimapangidwa ndi zolaula.
Zokhudza kugonana
Pomaliza, abambo adanenanso za zolaula zomwe zidakhudza kugonana kwawo. Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chakhala chikufufuzidwa kumene m'mabuku.
Mwachitsanzo, Park ndi anzake (2016) adapeza kuti kuonera zolaula pa intaneti kungagwirizane ndi vuto la kugonana, kuchepa kwa chikhutiro cha kugonana, komanso kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana . Ophunzira nawo mu kafukufuku wathu adanenanso za vuto lofanana la kugonana, lomwe adati limabwera chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula . Daniel adaganizira za maubwenzi ake akale omwe sankatha kupeza ndi kusunga chilakolako chogonana. Adagwirizanitsa vuto lake la kugonana ndi matupi a atsikana ake osayerekezeka ndi zomwe adakopeka nazo akamaonera zolaula:
A Daniel: Atsikana anzanga apitawa, ndidasiya kuwapeza atakhala kuti sizingachitike ndi munthu yemwe samawona zolaula. Ndinali ndawonapo matupi achikazi ambiri amaliseche, kuti ndimadziwa zinthu zomwe ndimakonda ndipo mumayamba kupanga mawonekedwe omveka bwino pazomwe mukufuna mwa mkazi, ndipo azimayi enieni sizili choncho. Ndipo atsikana anzanga analibe matupi angwiro ndipo ndikuganiza kuti zili bwino, koma ndikuganiza kuti zidapezeka kuti zatheka. Ndipo izi zidayambitsa mavuto mu maubale. Pali nthawi zina zomwe sindimatha kuchita zachiwerewere chifukwa sindinadzuke. (27, Pasifika, Wophunzira)
Maphunziro otsalawa adatchulidwa ndi tsiku lofalitsidwa:
8) Dual Control Model - Udindo Wogonana & Kukondweretsa Pazakugonana Ndi Khalidwe (2007)
Zangopezedwanso ndipo zokhutiritsa kwambiri. Mu kafukufuku wogwiritsa ntchito zolaula za pakompyuta, 50% ya anyamatawa sanathe kudzuka kapena kuchita chigololo ndi zolaula (zaka zapakati zinali 29). Ofufuza odabwa adapeza kuti vuto la kugonana kwa amunawa linali,
" zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amaonera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zogonana molakwika. "
Amuna omwe anali ndi vuto la kugonana anali atakhala nthawi yayitali m'mabala ndi m'mabafa komwe zolaula zinali " ponseponse ," komanso " kusewera nthawi zonse ". Ofufuzawo anati:
"Kukambirana ndi anthuwa kunalimbitsa lingaliro lathu lakuti m'magawo ena, kuonera kwambiri zolaula kumawoneka kuti kwapangitsa kuti anthu asamayankhe kwambiri zolaula za "vanilla sex" komanso kuti pakhale kufunikira kwa zinthu zatsopano komanso zosiyana, nthawi zina kuphatikizapo kufunikira kwa mitundu yeniyeni ya zolimbikitsa kuti munthu ayambe kusangalala ."
9) Kusamalidwa ndi zolaula za pa intaneti (2008)
Pepala lokwanira, lomwe lili ndi milandu inayi yazachipatala, lolemba ndi wamisala. Adazindikira zovuta zomwe intaneti imakhala nayo kwa ena mwa odwala ake amuna. Zomwe tafotokozazi pansipa zikufotokoza za bambo wazaka 31 yemwe adachita zolaula kwambiri. Anayamba kukonda zolaula komanso mavuto azakugonana. Ili ndi limodzi mwa mapepala oyambitsidwa ndi anzanu omwe amafotokoza za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azilekerera, azikula, komanso azigonana:
Mwamuna wazaka 31 yemwe amagwira ntchito yofufuza zamaganizo chifukwa cha mavuto osiyanasiyana okhudza nkhawa ananena kuti anali kukumana ndi vuto lofuna kugonana ndi wokondedwa wake wapano. Pambuyo pokambirana zambiri za mkaziyo, ubale wawo, mikangano yobisika kapena zomwe zili mumtima mwake (popanda kupeza chifukwa chomveka bwino cha madandaulo ake), anapereka tsatanetsatane wakuti anali kudalira maloto enaake kuti akhudzidwe. Atakhumudwa pang'ono, anafotokoza "zochitika" za chiwerewere chokhudza amuna ndi akazi angapo chomwe adapeza patsamba la zolaula pa intaneti chomwe chidamukopa chidwi chake ndipo chakhala chimodzi mwa zomwe amakonda kwambiri.
Kukumbukira zolaula
Pa nthawi ya magawo angapo, adafotokoza za momwe amagwiritsira ntchito zolaula pa intaneti. Unali ntchito yomwe adachitapo pang'onopang'ono kuyambira ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 20. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndi zotsatira zake pakapita nthawi zina zimaphatikizapo kufotokozera momveka bwino za kudalira kwambiri kuonera kenako kukumbukira zithunzi zolaula kuti ayambe kugonana. Adafotokozanso za kukula kwa "kulekerera" zotsatira zodzutsa za zinthu zilizonse pakapita nthawi. Izi zidatsatiridwa ndi kufunafuna zinthu zatsopano zomwe angagwiritse ntchito kuti akwaniritse chilakolako chogonana chomwe akufuna kale.
Pamene tinkawunikanso momwe ankagwiritsira ntchito zolaula, zinaonekeratu kuti mavuto omwe anali nawo ndi chibwenzi chake chamakono anali ofanana ndi momwe ankagwiritsira ntchito zolaula, pomwe "kulekerera" kwake zotsatira zake zolimbikitsa zinthu zina kunachitika kaya anali ndi chibwenzi panthawiyo kapena anali kungogwiritsa ntchito zolaula podziseweretsa maliseche. Nkhawa yake yokhudza kugonana inamupangitsa kuti azidalira kwambiri kuonera zolaula. Posadziwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumeneku kwakhala kovuta, anaganiza kuti chilakolako chake chogonana ndi chibwenzi chake chinali chosayenera kwa iye, ndipo sanali pachibwenzi choposa miyezi iwiri m'zaka zoposa zisanu ndi ziwiri, kusinthana chibwenzi chimodzi ndi china monga momwe angasinthire mawebusayiti.
Kufunika kwa zithunzi zamphamvu
Ananenanso kuti tsopano atha kudzutsidwa ndi zolaula zomwe poyamba sankafuna kugwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, adanenanso kuti zaka zisanu zapitazo anali ndi chidwi chochepa pakuwona zithunzi za kugonana. Koma tsopano anapeza zinthu ngati izi zolimbikitsa. Momwemonso, zinthu zomwe adazifotokoza kuti "zolaula," zomwe amatanthauza kuti "zachiwawa kapena zowuma," zinali zomwe zidamupatsa chidwi chogonana, pomwe zinthu ngatizi sizinachite naye chidwi komanso zinali zosamveka. Ndi zina mwa zinthu zatsopanozi, adapezeka kuti ali ndi nkhawa komanso alibe nkhawa ngakhale zomwe angadzuke.
10) Kuwunikira Ubwenzi Pakati pa Zosokoneza Zoyipa Panthawi Yakutha Kwazinthu Zina komanso Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zinthu Zogonana, Ogonana pa intaneti, komanso Kugonana pa Achinyamata Achinyamata. (2009)
Kafukufuku adasanthula kulumikizana pakati pazogwiritsa ntchito zolaula (zolaula - SEM) ndi zovuta zogonana, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa "latency period" (zaka 6-12) ndi zovuta zakugonana. Avereji ya zaka za omwe anali nawo anali 22. Ngakhale kuti zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano zimakhudzana ndi zovuta zogonana, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi ya latency (zaka 6-12) kumalumikizana mwamphamvu ndi zovuta zogonana. Zowonjezera zochepa:
Zomwe zapezeka zikusonyeza kuti kusokoneza chilakolako cha kugonana kudzera mu zinthu zogonana (SEM) ndi/kapena nkhanza zogonana ndi ana kungagwirizane ndi machitidwe ogonana a akuluakulu pa intaneti.
Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira zawonetsa kuti kuwonetsedwa kwa SEM latency kunali chizindikiro chachikulu cha zovuta zogonana za akuluakulu.
Tinaganiza kuti kuwonetsedwa ku SEM yochedwa kunganeneretu kuti akuluakulu akugwiritsa ntchito SEM. Zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufukuyu zinathandizira lingaliro lathu, ndipo zinawonetsa kuti kuwonetsedwa ku SEM yochedwa kunali chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri cha kugwiritsa ntchito SEM kwa akuluakulu. Izi zikusonyeza kuti anthu omwe adakumana ndi SEM panthawi yochedwa, akhoza kupitiriza ndi khalidweli mpaka atakula . Zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufukuyu zinawonetsanso kuti kuwonetsedwa ku SEM yochedwa kunali chizindikiro chachikulu cha machitidwe ogonana a akuluakulu pa intaneti.
11) Kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula muzitsanzo za anthu omwe amachitira zachiwerewere ku Norway (2009)
Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kunakhudzana ndi zochulukirapo zogonana mwa mwamunayo komanso kudziona koyipa mwa mkazi. Maanja omwe sanagwiritse ntchito zolaula alibe zodetsa nkhawa zogonana. Maupangiri ochepa phunziroli:
Mwa maanja omwe mnzawo m'modzi yekha ndiye adagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, tapeza mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kudziona ngati wokonda kugonana (mwamuna) komanso woipa (wachikazi).
M'mabanja omwe mnzawo wina ankagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, panali chilakolako chogonana. Nthawi yomweyo , maanjawa ankaoneka kuti ali ndi mavuto ambiri.
Okwatirana omwe sanagwiritse ntchito zolaula ... angaonedwe ngati achikhalidwe kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chiphunzitso cha zolemba zogonana. Nthawi yomweyo, sankaoneka kuti ali ndi vuto lililonse.
Mabanja omwe onse awiri adanenapo za zolaula amagwiritsa ntchito gulu la "positive climate" ndi " positive point" pa ntchito ya "Dysfunctions".
12) Kudalira zolaula / zolaula: mawu okhumudwa mumtundu wa intaneti wothandizana nawo (2009)
Kafukufukuyu akuwunikira pa kuwunikira kolemba mauthenga zikwi ziwiri zolembedwa ndi mamembala 302 a gulu lodzithandiza lokha ku Italiya kwa cyberdependents (noallapornodipendenza). Imasankha mauthenga a 400 pachaka chilichonse (2003-2007). Ndondomeko zokhudzana ndi zochititsa manyazi zogonana:
Kwa ambiri mikhalidwe yawo ndi yokumbutsa kukhululukidwa komwe kumalamulidwa ndi magawo atsopano a kulolerana. Ambiri aiwo amafunafuna zithunzi zowoneka bwino, zodabwitsa komanso zachiwawa, kugona nyama kuphatikizidwa….
Mamembala ambiri amadandaula za kuwonjezeka kwa kusabereka komanso kusowa kwa umuna , zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala ngati “munthu wakufa akuyenda ” (“vivalavita” #5014). Chitsanzo chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa momwe amaonera zinthu (“sul” #4411).
Ambiri mwa omwe adatenga nawo mbali adati nthawi zambiri amakhala maola ambiri akuyang'ana ndikusonkhanitsa zithunzi ndi makanema akugwira mbolo yawo yolunjika m'manja mwawo, osatha kutulutsa umuna, akuyembekezera chithunzi chomaliza komanso choopsa kuti atulutse kupsinjika. Kwa ambiri kutulutsa umuna komaliza kumathetsa kuzunza kwawo (supplizio) ("incercadiliberta" #5026)…
Mavuto ambiri
Mavuto m'maubwenzi a amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi ofala kwambiri. Anthu amadandaula kuti ali ndi vuto la kukhwima, kusowa kugonana ndi akazi kapena amuna awo, kusowa chidwi chogonana, kumva ngati munthu amene wadya chakudya chotentha komanso chokometsera, ndipo motero sangathe kudya chakudya wamba. Nthawi zambiri, monga momwe okwatirana omwe ali ndi anthu odalira pa intaneti amanenera, pali zizindikiro za vuto la kugonana kwa amuna lomwe limachititsa kuti munthu asatuluke umuna panthawi yogonana . Kuzindikira kumeneku kwa kufooka kwa chilakolako muubwenzi wogonana kwafotokozedwa bwino mu ndime yotsatirayi ("vivaleiene" #6019):
Mlungu watha ndinali ndi ubale wapamtima ndi chibwenzi changa; Palibe choipa konse, ngakhale kuti nditatha kupsompsona koyamba sindinamverepo kanthu. Sitinatsirize kugwirana chifukwa sindinkafuna.
Ambiri mwa ophunzirawo adakondwera kwambiri ndi "kugonana pa mzere" kapena "kukhudzana ndi telematic" m'malo momakhudza thupi, komanso kuwonetsa zolaula m'maganizo mwawo, panthawi yogona komanso kugonana.
Monga momwe zanenedwera, kunena kuti pali vuto lenileni la kugonana kumabwerezedwanso ndi maumboni ambiri ochokera kwa akazi okwatirana . Komanso mitundu ya mgwirizano ndi kuipitsidwa imawonekera m'nkhani izi. Nazi zina mwa ndemanga zodabwitsa kwambiri za akazi okwatirana awa…
Mauthenga ambiri otumizidwa ku gulu lodzithandiza la ku Italy amasonyeza kuti anthu omwe akutenga nawo mbali ali ndi matenda, malinga ndi chitsanzo cha luso (m'moyo weniweni), kusintha kwa malingaliro, kulolerana, zizindikiro zosiya kuchita zinthu zina komanso mikangano pakati pa anthu , chitsanzo chodziwitsa matenda chomwe chinapangidwa ndi Griffiths (2004).
13) Chilakolako cha kugonana, osati chiwerewere, chikugwirizana ndi mauthenga okhudza kugonana kwapakati pa zochitika zogonana (2013)
Kafukufuku wa EEG uyu adalengezedwa m'manyuzipepala ngati umboni wotsutsa kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula. Sizili choncho . Steele et al . 2013 kwenikweni amalimbikitsa kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi chogonana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zomwe zimaletsa chilakolako chogonana. Kodi zingatheke bwanji? Kafukufukuyu adanenanso kuti ma EEG ambiri amawerengedwa (poyerekeza ndi zithunzi zosalowerera) pamene anthu adawonetsedwa mwachidule pazithunzi zolaula. Kafukufuku nthawi zonse amasonyeza kuti P300 yokwera imachitika pamene anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro (monga zithunzi) zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chawo.
Mogwirizana ndi kafukufuku wa ubongo wa ku Cambridge University , kafukufuku wa EEG uyu adanenanso kuti zolaula zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana ndi anthu okwatirana . Mwanjira ina, anthu omwe ali ndi ubongo wokonda zolaula amakonda kudziseweretsa maliseche m'malo mogonana ndi munthu weniweni. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, wolankhulira kafukufukuyu Nicole Prause adati ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula anali ndi "chilakolako chachikulu," koma zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zikunena zosiyana kwambiri (chilakolako cha anthu ogonana ndi anthu okwatirana chinali kuchepa poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula).
Zonsezi pamodzi zomwe Steele et al. adapeza zikuwonetsa kuti ubongo umagwira ntchito kwambiri pazinthu (zithunzi zolaula), koma kuchitira zinthu zochepa ku mphotho zachilengedwe (kugonana ndi munthu). Kuzindikira ndi kuletsa kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu, zomwe ndi zizindikiro za chizolowezi. Mapepala asanu ndi atatu owunikidwa ndi anzawo akufotokoza zoona: Onaninso izi ndemanga yayikulu ya YBOP.
14) Maonekedwe a Ubongo ndi Kuyanjana Mogwirizana Ogwirizana ndi Zithunzi Zolaula Ntchito: Ubongo pa Porn (2014)
Kafukufuku wa Max Planck Institute womwe unapeza kusintha kwakukulu kwa ubongo komwe kumagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa zolaula zomwe zimadyedwa. Unapezanso kuti zolaula zambiri zikamadya kwambiri, zotsatira zochepa za circuit circuit zimachepa chifukwa chowonera zithunzi za vanilla kwa kanthawi kochepa (masekondi 0.530). Mu nkhani ya 2014, wolemba wamkulu Simone Kühn anati :
" Tikuganiza kuti anthu omwe amaonera zolaula zambiri amafunika kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti alandire mphotho yofanana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuonera zolaula nthawi zonse kumawononga dongosolo lanu la mphotho. Zimenezo zikugwirizana bwino ndi lingaliro lakuti machitidwe awo a mphotho amafunika kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri ."
Kufotokozera kwaukadaulo kwa kafukufukuyu kuchokera ku ndemanga ya mabuku a Kuhn & Gallinat - Neurobiological Basis of Hypersexuality (2016).
"Maola ambiri omwe ophunzira adanena kuti akudya zolaula, kuyankha kolimba mtima mu putamen yakumanzere kumachepetsanso chifukwa cha zithunzi zogonana. Komanso, tapeza kuti maola ambiri omwe amathera akuonera zolaula amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa imvi mu striatum, makamaka mu caudate yoyenera yomwe imafika mu ventral putamen. Tikuganiza kuti kuchepa kwa voliyumu ya ubongo kungawonetse zotsatira za kulolerana pambuyo posiya kukhudzidwa ndi zogonana ."
15) Neural Correlates of Reactivity Cac Reactivity Mwa Anthu omwe ali ndi popanda popanda chilakolako chogonana (2014)
Kafukufuku wa fMRI wochitidwa ndi Cambridge University adapeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi njira yovomerezeka yofuna "zambiri", koma osakonda "zambiri". Ofufuzawo adanenanso kuti 60% ya anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lofuna kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi anzawo enieni chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula , koma amatha kugonana ndi zolaula. Kuchokera mu kafukufukuyu ("CSB" ndi machitidwe ogonana okakamiza):
"Omwe adafunsidwa za CSB adanenanso kuti chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zinthu zolaula ... [iwo] adachepetsa chilakolako cha kugonana kapena ntchito yogonana makamaka muubwenzi wakuthupi ndi akazi (ngakhale kuti sizikugwirizana ndi zinthu zolaula )"
"Poyerekeza ndi odzipereka athanzi, anthu omwe ali ndi CSB anali ndi chilakolako chachikulu chogonana kapena kufuna zizindikiro zoonekeratu ndipo anali ndi ziwonetsero zambiri zokonda zizindikiro zogonana, motero kusonyeza kusiyana pakati pa kufuna ndi kukonda. Anthu omwe ali ndi CSB analinso ndi zovuta zambiri zokhudzana ndi chilakolako chogonana komanso zovuta zogonana muubwenzi wapamtima koma osati ndi zinthu zogonana zomwe zikusonyeza kuti ziwonetsero zowonjezeka za chilakolako zinali zenizeni pa zizindikiro zoonekeratu osati chilakolako chogonana chowonjezeka."
16) Kusinthasintha kwa Zomwe Zidzakhala Zotheka Posachedwa ndi Zithunzi Zogonana mu Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mavuto ndi Zowongolera Zosagwirizana ndi "Zovuta Zolaula" (2015)
Kafukufuku wachiwiri wa EEG wochokera ku gulu la Nicole Prause . Kafukufukuyu anayerekeza anthu a 2013 ochokera kwa Steele et al ., 2013 ndi gulu lenileni lolamulira (koma linali ndi zolakwika zomwezo zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa). Zotsatira zake: Poyerekeza ndi anthu olamulira "anthu omwe akukumana ndi mavuto olamulira kuonera zolaula" anali ndi mayankho ochepa muubongo wawo akamaonera zithunzi za vanilla porn n kwa sekondi imodzi. Wolemba wamkuluyo akuti zotsatirazi " zikutsutsa chizolowezi cha zolaula ." Ndi wasayansi wovomerezeka uti amene anganene kuti kafukufuku wawo wokhawo wosadziwika bwino wathetsa gawo lodziwika bwino la kafukufuku?
Zoonadi, zomwe zapezeka mu Prause et al. 2015 zikugwirizana bwino ndi Kühn & Gallina t (2014) , zomwe zapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zambiri kumagwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya ubongo poyankha zithunzi za zolaula za vanilla. Prause et al . zomwe zapezeka zikugwirizananso ndi Banca et al. 2015. Komanso, kafukufuku wina wa EEG adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri mwa akazi kumagwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya ubongo ku zolaula. Kuwerenga kochepa kwa EEG kumatanthauza kuti anthu sakuyang'ana kwambiri zithunzizo. Mwachidule, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri analibe chidwi ndi zithunzi zosasinthika za zolaula za vanilla. Anali otopa (ozoloŵera kapena osowa chidwi). Onani ndemanga yayikulu ya YBOP iyi . Mapepala asanu ndi anayi omwe adawunikidwa ndi anzawo amavomereza kuti kafukufukuyu adapezadi kuti kufooka / chizolowezi mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri (zogwirizana ndi chizolowezi): Ndemanga zowunikidwa ndi anzawo za Prause et al ., 2015
17) Achinyamata komanso zithunzi zolaula: nthawi yatsopano yogonana (2015)
Kafukufuku waku Italy uyu adasanthula zotsatira za zolaula pa intaneti pa omaliza sukulu ya sekondale, zomwe zidalembedwa ndi pulofesa wa urology Carlo Foresta , purezidenti wa Italian Society of Reproductive Pathophysiology. Chosangalatsa kwambiri ndichakuti 16% ya omwe amaonera zolaula kangapo pa sabata amanena kuti ali ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana. Izi zikuyerekeza ndi 0% mwa omwe sagula (ndi 6% kwa omwe amadya zochepa pa sabata). Kuchokera mu kafukufukuyu:
"21.9% amafotokoza kuti ndi chizolowezi. 10% amanena kuti zimachepetsa chilakolako chogonana ndi anthu omwe angakhale nawo pa moyo weniweni. [Otsalawo], 9.1% anena kuti ali ndi chizolowezi chogonana. Kuphatikiza apo, 19% ya ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amanena kuti ali ndi vuto logonana losazolowereka. [...] Chiwerengerochi chinakwera kufika pa 25.1% pakati pa ogula wamba. "
18) Makhalidwe Oleza Mtima Ndi Mtundu Wokhudza Kugonana kwa Ogonana: Kukambirana Kwambiri kwa Zithunzi za 115 Zokhudza Milandu Amuna (2015)
Kafukufuku wokhudza amuna (avareji ya zaka 41.5) omwe ali ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana, monga paraphilias, kuseweretsa maliseche kosatha kapena chigololo. Amuna 27 adatchulidwa kuti ndi "odziteteza ku maliseche," zomwe zikutanthauza kuti adaseweretsa maliseche (nthawi zambiri akamagwiritsa ntchito zolaula) ola limodzi kapena angapo patsiku, kapena maola opitilira 7 pa sabata. 71% ya amuna omwe adaseweretsa maliseche nthawi zonse adanena kuti ali ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana, ndipo 33% adanenanso kuti adachedwa kutulutsa umuna (zomwe zimayambitsa ED yoyambitsidwa ndi zolaula).
Kodi amuna otsala 38% ali ndi vuto lotani lokhudza kugonana? Kafukufukuyu sakunena, ndipo olembawo anyalanyaza zopempha zambiri mobwerezabwereza. Zosankha ziwiri zazikulu za vuto la kugonana kwa amuna ndi vuto la kugonana komanso kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti amunawo sanafunsidwe za momwe amagwirira ntchito popanda zolaula. Izi, ngati zochita zawo zonse zogonana zikuphatikiza kuseweretsa maliseche, osati kugonana ndi mnzawo, sangazindikire kuti anali ndi vuto la kugonana chifukwa cha zolaula. (Pazifukwa zomwe iye yekha amadziwa, Prause akunena kuti pepalali likutsutsa kukhalapo kwa vuto la kugonana chifukwa cha zolaula.)
19) Kugonana kwa Amuna ndi Kubwereza Kuonera Zolaula. Nkhani Yatsopano? (2015)
Zowonjezera:
Akatswiri azaumoyo ayenera kuganizira zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pamakhalidwe ogonana amuna. [Izi zikugwiranso ntchito ku zovuta za abambo] zogonana komanso malingaliro ena okhudzana ndi kugonana. M'kupita kwanthawi zolaula zimawoneka kuti zimayambitsa zovuta zogonana, makamaka kulephera kwa munthu kulowa pachimake ndi mnzake. Wina yemwe amakhala nthawi yayitali akugonana maliseche akuwonerera zolaula zimapangitsa ubongo wake kuyambiranso zogonana. [Iye] posachedwa adzafunika kukopeka kuti akwaniritse chiwembu (Doidge, 2007).
Zizindikiro zambiri zakumwa zolaula, monga kufunika kophatikizira wokonda kuonera zolaula, zovuta zakufikira patsekeke, kufunika kwa zithunzi zolaula kuti mutembenukire ku mavuto azakugonana. Izi zikhalidwe zogonana zitha kupitilira miyezi kapena zaka. Itha kukhala yolumikizika m'maganizo ndi m'thupi chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa erectile, ngakhale sichinthu chachile. Chifukwa cha chisokonezo ichi, chomwe chimapangitsa manyazi, manyazi komanso kukana, amuna ambiri amakana kukumana ndi katswiri
Zithunzi zolaula zimapereka njira yophweka kwambiri kuti tipeze chisangalalo popanda kunena zina mwazinthu zomwe zakhudzana ndi kugonana kwa anthu pambiri ya anthu. Ubongo umapanga njira yina yothetsera kugonana yomwe siiphatikizapo "munthu weniweni" kuchokera ku equation. Kuwonjezera apo, kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kwa nthawi yaitali kumapangitsa amuna kukhala ovuta kwambiri kupeza mwayi wokhala ndi abwenzi awo.
20) Kugonana ndi Zithunzi Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito Pakati pa Amuna Ogonana Amuna Kapena Amuna Ogonana Ndi Amuna Ochepa Ogonana: Kodi Ndi Ntchito Zambiri Zogonana Makhalidwe Abwino? (2015)
Kulakwitsa zolaula zokhudzana ndi zolaula kunali kogwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana komanso kuyanjana pang'ono. Zolemba:
Pakati pa amuna omwe ankadziseweretsa maliseche pafupipafupi, 70% ankagwiritsa ntchito zolaula kamodzi pa sabata. Kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi anthu ambiri anasonyeza kuti kutopa ndi kugonana, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi, komanso kusakondana kwambiri ndi amuna ena kunawonjezera mwayi woti amuna omwe ali ndi chilakolako chogonana azidziseweretsa maliseche pafupipafupi anali ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana.
Pakati pa amuna [omwe ali ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana] omwe ankagwiritsa ntchito zolaula kamodzi pa sabata [mu 2011], 26.1% adanena kuti sanathe kuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo zolaula . Kuphatikiza apo, 26.7% ya amuna adanenanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo zolaula kunakhudza kwambiri kugonana kwawo ndi okondedwa awo ndipo 21.1% adati anayesa kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula.
21) Kusokonekera kwa Erectile, Kugonana, ndi Kugonana pakati pa Amuna Okwatirana kuchokera ku Mayiko Awiri A ku Ulaya (2015)
Kafukufuku wanena za kuphatikiza kwamphamvu pakati pa kukokoloka kwa erectile ndi magawo a hypersexourse. Kafukufukuyu sanasiyire kulumikizana pakati pa magwiridwe antchito a erectile ndi zithunzi zolaula, koma adawonapo kulumikizana kwakukulu. Chidule:
Pakati pa amuna aku Croatia ndi aku Germany, kugonana mopitirira muyeso kunkagwirizana kwambiri ndi kusakhala ndi chilakolako chogonana komanso mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi ntchito yogonana.
22) Kufufuza pa intaneti za umunthu, maganizo, ndi kugonana Zosiyanasiyana Zogonana Zosakanikirana ndi Maganizo Omwe Amadziwika Omwe Amadziwika Nawo (2015)
Kafukufuku wanena mutu womwe wapezeka mu maphunziro ena ambiri omwe atchulidwa apa: Anthu okonda zolaula / zachiwerewere amafotokoza zambiri zofunitsitsa (zolakalaka zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chawo) zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi zogonana zosauka (kuwopa kukumana ndi vuto logonja).
Khalidwe logonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha "likuyimira kulephera kudziletsa pakugonana. Kuti mufufuze za machitidwe ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, zitsanzo zapadziko lonse lapansi za 510 zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, komanso amuna kapena akazi okhaokha adamaliza kulemba batri law mafunso osadziwika pa intaneti.
Motero, detayo inasonyeza kuti khalidwe la hypersexual ndilofala kwambiri kwa amuna, ndipo omwe amanena kuti ndi aang'ono , amakhala ndi chilakolako chogonana mosavuta, amakhala odziletsa kwambiri chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha kulephera kuchita bwino , amakhala odziletsa kwambiri chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha zotsatira za kuchita bwino, komanso amakhala opupuluma, oda nkhawa, komanso ovutika maganizo.
23) Zochitika zogonana pa Intaneti: Kufufuza zofufuza za mavuto ndi zovuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chitsanzo cha amuna (2016)
Kafukufuku waku Belgium wochokera ku yunivesite yotsogola yofufuza adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti molakwika kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito ya erectile komanso kuchepa kwa kukhutitsidwa kwa kugonana. Komabe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula movutikira adakumana ndi zilakolako zazikulu. Kafukufukuyu akuwoneka kuti akunena za kukwera kwa kuchuluka kwa amuna omwe adawona zolaula zomwe " sizinali zosangalatsa kwa iwo kale kapena zomwe amaona kuti ndizonyansa ." (Onani maphunziro omwe akunena za chizolowezi/kusiya kukhudzidwa ndi zolaula komanso kukwera kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula) Zidule:
" Kafukufukuyu ndiye woyamba kufufuza mwachindunji ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa zovuta zogonana ndi kutenga nawo mbali pamavuto a OSA . Zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti chilakolako chachikulu chogonana, kukhutitsidwa kocheperako kwa kugonana, komanso kuchepa kwa ntchito yogonana zinali zogwirizana ndi ma OSA ovuta (zochita zogonana pa intaneti). Zotsatirazi zitha kulumikizidwa ndi zomwe zaphunziridwa kale zomwe zimafotokoza kuchuluka kwa kudzuka komwe kumagwirizana ndi zizindikiro za chizolowezi chogonana (Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004; Laier et al., 2013; Muise et al., 2013)."
Kuchuluka
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, potsiriza timakhala ndi phunziro lomwe limapempha ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula za kutheka kwa kukula kwa mitundu yambiri yolaula. Tangoganizirani zomwe zapeza?
“ Makumi anayi mphambu asanu ndi anayi pa zana aliwonse adanena kuti nthawi zina amafufuza zinthu zogonana kapena kuchita nawo ma OSA omwe sanali osangalatsa kwa iwo kale kapena omwe amawaona ngati onyansa, ndipo 61.7% adanenanso kuti nthawi zina ma OSA anali okhudzana ndi manyazi kapena kudzimva kuti ndi olakwa.”
Zindikirani - Iyi ndi kafukufuku woyamba kufufuza mwachindunji ubale pakati pa zovuta zogonana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta. Maphunziro ena awiri omwe amati adafufuza ubale pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi magwiridwe antchito a erectile adaphatikiza deta kuchokera ku maphunziro akale poyesa kulephera kutsutsa ED yoyambitsidwa ndi zolaula. Onse awiri adatsutsidwa m'mabuku owunikidwa ndi anzawo: pepala #1 silinali kafukufuku weniweni, ndipo latsutsidwa kwathunthu ; pepala #2 kwenikweni lapeza mgwirizano womwe umathandizira zovuta zogonana zomwe zimayambitsa zolaula. Kuphatikiza apo, pepala lachiwiri linali "kulankhulana kwakanthawi" komwe sikunanene zambiri zofunika zomwe olembawo adanena pamsonkhano wa sexology.
24) Zotsatira za zinthu zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazondomeko za chikondi (2016)
Monga momwe amafufuzira ena ambiri, oonera zolaula payekhapayekha amafotokoza zaubwenzi wovutika komanso kukhutitsidwa pogonana. Chidule:
Makamaka, maanja, komwe palibe amene adagwiritsa ntchito, adanenanso kuti anali okhutira kwambiri ndi ubale wawo kuposa maanja omwe anali ndi ogwiritsa ntchito payekhapayekha. Izi zikugwirizana ndi kafukufuku wakale ( Cooper et al., 1999 ; Manning, 2006 ), zomwe zikusonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito SEM kokha kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya Pornography Consumption Effect Scale (PCES), kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zolaula kunali kogwirizana ndi ntchito yogonana yoipa, mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kugonana, komanso "moyo wogonana woipa kwambiri". Chidule chofotokoza mgwirizano pakati pa mafunso a "Zotsatira Zoyipa" a PCES pa "Moyo Wogonana" ndi kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula:
Panalibe kusiyana kwakukulu pa Negative Effect Dimension PCES pa kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zogonana. Komabe, apa panali kusiyana kwakukulu pa gawo la Sex Life. [Apa] Ogwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Zapamwamba adanenanso za zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri kuposa Ogwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Zapang'onopang'ono.
25) Kusintha kwa Okhutira ndi Neural Kulumikizana M'maganizo Omwe Ali ndi Khalidwe Lochita Zachiwerewere (2016)
"Makhalidwe Ogonana Okakamiza" (CSB) amatanthauza kuti amunawa anali okonda zolaula, chifukwa anthu omwe anali ndi CSB ankagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi maola 20 pa sabata poonera zolaula. Anthu omwe anali ndi CSB anali ndi pafupifupi mphindi 29 pa sabata. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, anthu atatu mwa anthu 20 omwe anali ndi CSB adatchula kwa omwe ankawafunsa mafunso kuti anali ndi "vuto la orgasmic-erection disorder". Palibe aliyense mwa anthu omwe anali ndi CSB amene ananena kuti anali ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana.
26) Njira zachiyanjano pakati pa zolaula komanso kuchepetsa kugonana (2017)
Phunziroli limapezeka pamndandanda onse awiri. Ngakhale zimalumikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuti zichepetse kugonana, zimanenanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumagwirizana ndi zomwe amakonda (kapena zosowa?) Zolaula pa anthu kuti akwaniritse chisangalalo chogonana. Chidule:
Pomaliza, tapeza kuti kuonera zolaula pafupipafupi kunali kogwirizana mwachindunji ndi zomwe munthu amakonda pa zolaula osati chilakolako chogonana ndi mwamuna kapena mkazi. Ophunzira mu kafukufukuyu adagwiritsa ntchito zolaula podziseweretsa maliseche. Chifukwa chake, izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha chizolowezi chodziseweretsa maliseche (Cline, 1994; Malamuth, 1981; Wright, 2011). Nthawi zambiri zithunzi zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida chodziseweretsa maliseche, munthu amatha kukonda zolaula mosiyana ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa chilakolako chogonana.
27) "Ndikuganiza kuti zakhala zolakwika m'njira zosiyanasiyana koma nthawi imodzi sindingathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito": Zithunzi zolaula zomwe zimadziwika bwino zimagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha achinyamata a ku Australia (2017)
Kafukufuku wopezeka pa intaneti wa anthu aku Australia, wazaka 15-29. Iwo omwe adawonapo zolaula (n = 856) adafunsidwa funso lomaliza: 'Kodi zolaula zakhudza bwanji moyo wanu?'.
Pakati pa ophunzira omwe adayankha funso lotseguka (n=718), kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kunadziwika ndi omwe adayankha 88. Amuna omwe adalembapo za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika adawonetsa zotsatirapo m'magawo atatu: pa kugonana, chilakolako cha kugonana komanso maubwenzi. Mayankho adaphatikizapo "Ndikuganiza kuti zakhala ndi mphamvu zoyipa m'njira zambiri koma nthawi yomweyo sindingathe kusiya kuzigwiritsa ntchito" (Mwamuna, Wazaka 18-19). Azimayi ena omwe adalembapo nawonso adanenanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumakhala ndi vuto. Ambiri mwa awa adanenanso za malingaliro oipa monga kudzimva kuti ndili ndi mlandu komanso manyazi. Panali zotsatira pa chilakolako chogonana komanso kukakamizidwa kokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo zolaula. Mwachitsanzo, monga momwe mayi wina adanenera; "Zimandipangitsa kumva kuti ndine wolakwa, ndipo ndikuyesera kusiya. Sindimakonda momwe ndimamvera kuti ndikufunikira kuti ndiyambe, sizothandiza." (Mwakazi, Wazaka 18-19)
28) Zomwe zimayambitsa kugonana kwa anyamata (2017)
Ndemanga yofotokozera, yomwe ili ndi gawo lotchedwa "Udindo wa Zolaula mu Kuchedwa Kutaya (DE)". Chidule cha gawo lino:
Udindo wa Zithunzi Zolaula ku DE
Kwazaka khumi zapitazi, kuchuluka kwakuchuluka kwa zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti kwawonjezera zomwe zimayambitsa DE. Izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi lingaliro lachiwiri komanso lachitatu la Althof. Malipoti kuyambira 2008 opezeka pafupifupi 14.4% ya anyamata amawonetsedwa zolaula asanakwanitse zaka 13. Adawonetsanso 5.2% ya anthu omwe amawonera zolaula osachepera tsiku lililonse. Kafukufuku wa 2016 adawonetsa kuti mfundo izi zonse zidakwera mpaka 48.7% ndi 13.2%, motsatana. Zaka zakubadwa zowonekera zolaula zoyambirira zimathandizira ku DE kudzera mu ubale wake ndi odwala omwe akuwonetsa CSB.
Voon et al. adapeza kuti anyamata omwe ali ndi CSB adawonapo zolaula zakale kwambiri kuposa anzawo amsinkhu wochita bwino. Monga tanena kale, anyamata omwe ali ndi CSB amatha kugwa ndi chiphunzitso chachitatu cha Althof cha DE. izi zikutanthauza kuti amasankha mwanzeru zodziseweretsa maliseche chifukwa chogonana. Kuchulukitsa kwa azibambo omwe amaonera zolaula tsiku lililonse kumathandizanso ku DE kudzera mu lingaliro lachitatu la Althof. Pakufufuza kwa ophunzira 487 amuna aku koleji amuna, Sun et al. adapeza mayanjano pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso kuchepetsedwa kwakanenedwe kusangalala ndi machitidwe ogonana omwe ali ndi zibwenzi zenizeni.
Kukhazikitsa maliseche kwa omwe ali ndi zibwenzi zenizeni
Anthu awa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokonda kusankha maliseche mosagonana. Izi zidawonetsedwa mu lipoti la milandu la Park et al. Mwana wamwamuna wazaka 20 yemwe adalemberedwapo kale yemwe ali ndi vuto amakhala ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo. Mbiri yatsatanetsatane yokhudza kugonana idawonetsa kuti wodwalayo amadalira zolaula za pa intaneti. Adagwiritsanso ntchito chidole chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi “maliseche abodza” kumenya maliseche ngakhale atathandizidwa. Popita nthawi, adafunanso kuti zikhale zowoneka bwino kapena zowoneka bwino. Adavomereza kuti adapeza wokondedwa wake ali wokongola koma amakonda mtundu wa chidole chake. Anapeza kuti zimalimbikitsa kwambiri kulumikizana kwenikweni.
Kuwonjezeka kwopezeka kwa zolaula pa intaneti kumaika anyamata pachiwopsezo chotenga DE kudzera mu lingaliro lachiwiri la Althof. Izi zikuwonetsedwa mu lipoti lotsatira. Bronner ndi al. adafunsa bambo wazaka 35 wathanzi yemwe akupereka madandaulo oti sakufuna kugonana ndi bwenzi lake. Izi zinali choncho ngakhale adamukopa m'maganizo komanso mwakugonana. Mbiri yokhudza zakugonana idawulula kuti izi zidachitika ndi azimayi 20 apitawo omwe adayesera kukhala nawo. Adanenanso zakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuyambira paubwana zomwe poyamba zinali ndi zoophilia, ukapolo, nkhanza, komanso masochism. Potsirizira pake adayamba kupita ku kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, zaphokoso, komanso zachiwawa. Amayang'ana m'maganizo mwake zolaula kuti azigonana ndi akazi, koma pang'onopang'ono zidasiya kugwira ntchito.
Kuwonongeka kwa chikhumbo
Kusiyana pakati pa maloto a zolaula a wodwalayo ndi moyo weniweni kunakula kwambiri, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti chilakolako chichepe. Malinga ndi Althof, izi zidzaonekera ngati DE mwa odwala ena.73 Mutu wobwerezabwereza wofuna zithunzi zolaula zomwe zimawonjezera zithunzi kapena zachiwerewere kuti zifike pachimake umatanthauzidwa ndi Park et al. kuti ndi kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso . Pamene mwamuna akuyamba kukonda zolaula, kugonana m'moyo weniweni sikuyambitsanso njira zoyenera za mitsempha kuti atulutse umuna (kapena kupanga kukhazikika kosalekeza pankhani ya ED).
Ndi ku Czech. Tsamba ili la YBOP lili ndi nkhani yayifupi mu Chingerezi. Ndikutanthauzira kopanda tanthauzo kwa Google kwa atolankhani ataliatali kuchokera patsamba la chipatala. Zolemba zochepa kuchokera pazofalitsa:
Kuwonjezeka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuwonetsa zolaula kumawononga kwambiri machitidwe abwino komanso ngakhale thanzi la anyamata, malinga ndi kafukufuku amene adawamasula Lolemba ndi Brno's University Hospital.
Achinyamata ambiri sanali okonzekera ubale wabwinobwino chifukwa cha nthano zopangidwa ndi zolaula zomwe anali kuonera. Amuna ambiri omwe atembenuka ndikuwona zolaula sangathe kukhudzidwa muubwenzi. Psychological komanso ngakhale chithandizo chamankhwala chinali chofunikira, lipotilo linatero.
Ku Sexological Department of The Faculty Hospital ku Brno, timapezanso maulendo ambiri omwe amapezeka achinyamata omwe satha kuchita zachiwerewere chifukwa cha zolaula, kapena kukhazikitsa ubale.
Vuto lakula
Zowona kuti zolaula sizongokhala "kusiyanasiyana" kwa moyo wogonana koma nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mtundu wazakugonana zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa odwala mu Gawo Lachiwerewere la Chipatala cha Brno University omwe, chifukwa chakuwunika mopitirira muyeso zosayenera zokhudzana ndi kugonana, akulowa m'mavuto azaubwenzi.
Pakati pazaka zapakati, amuna ndi akazi m'malo mwa kugonana ndi zolaula. Maliseche amapezeka nthawi iliyonse, mwachangu, osagwiritsa ntchito ndalama, zakuthupi kapena zakuthupi). Nthawi yomweyo, chidwi chazakugonana (zenizeni) zogonana zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi kugonana zomwe zimangogwirizana ndi mnzanu zimachepa kwambiri pakuwunika zolaula. Uwu ndi chiopsezo chokhala pachibwenzi ndi kuyandikira muubwenzi, mwachitsanzo, kupatukana kwamaganizidwe a anzanu, kufunika kogonana pa intaneti kukukulira pang'onopang'ono - chiopsezo cha kuledzera kumawonjezeka, komaliza, kugonana kungasinthe mwamphamvu komanso pa zolaula zofananira sikokwanira, ndipo anthu awa amapotoza (mwachitsanzo, sado-masochistic kapena zoophilous).
Chotsatira chake, kuyang'ana mwakuya zolaula kungayambitse chizoloŵezi chogonjetsa, chomwe chikuwonetsedwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa kugonana, chisokonezo cha maubwenzi omwe amachititsa kukhala paokha, kusokoneza maganizo, kapena kunyalanyaza maudindo a ntchito, kumene kugonana kumakhala mbali yofunika kwambiri pamoyo.
30) Mavuto Ogonana pa Intaneti Nthawi (2018)
Zowonjezera:
Chikhumbo chochepa chogonana, kukhutitsidwa kocheperako pakugonana, ndi kusokonekera kwa erectile (ED) kukuchulukirachulukira mwa achinyamata. Pakafukufuku waku Italy kuyambira 2013, mpaka 25% ya odwala omwe anali ndi ED anali osakwana zaka 40 [1], ndipo kafukufuku wofananira yemwe adalembedwa mu 2014, woposa theka la abambo aku Canada azaka zapakati pa 16 ndi 21 anali ndi vuto linalake lachiwerewere [2]. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa moyo wopanda thanzi womwe umagwirizanitsidwa ndi organic ED sikunasinthe kwambiri kapena kuchepa m'zaka makumi zapitazi, ndikuwonetsa kuti psychogenic ED ikukwera [3].
DSM-IV-TR imatanthauzira mikhalidwe ina yokhala ndi zinthu zochititsa chidwi, monga kutchova njuga, kugula malonda, kugwiritsa ntchito zachiwerewere, kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito masewera apakanema, ngati "vuto losalamulirika lomwe silinafotokozeredwe kwina" - ngakhale zambiri izi zimawonetsedwa ngati zikhalidwe zosokoneza bongo [4 ]. Kafukufuku waposachedwa apereka lingaliro lamakhalidwe azolowera kugonana muzochitika zogonana. Kusintha munjira zamanjenje zomwe zimakhudzana ndikuyankha pakugonana kungakhale chifukwa chobwereza, kosangalatsa kochokera kosiyanasiyana.
Zowopsa
Pakati pa zizoloŵezi zoipa, kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti molakwika ndi kuwonetsa zolaula pa Intaneti zimatchulidwa kuti zingakhale zovuta zowononga kugonana, nthawi zambiri popanda malire enieni pakati pa zochitika ziwirizi. Ogwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti amakopeka ndi zolaula pa intaneti chifukwa cha kudziwika kwake, kukwanitsa, ndi kukwaniritsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kungapangitse owerenga kugwiritsa ntchito chizoloŵezi cha kugonana ndi anthu pa Intaneti: M'mabuku amenewa, ogwiritsa ntchito amaiwala kwambiri "kusintha" kwa kugonana, kupeza chisangalalo chochulukira pa zosankha zofuna kugonana zofuna kugonana kusiyana ndi kugonana.
M'mabuku, ofufuza sagwirizana ndi ntchito zabwino ndi zoipa zolaula pa Intaneti. Kuchokera kumbali yolakwika, imayimira chikonzero chachikulu cha khalidwe lachinyengo, chizoloŵezi chogonana, komanso erectile dysfunction.
31) Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito ndi Erectile Functioning? Zotsatira Zomwe Zili Kuchokera Kumtundu Wosamveka Pakati pa Zapakati ndi Kukula Kwambiri "(2019)
Wofufuza amene anaika anthu pachiwopsezo cha " chizolowezi choonera zolaula " ndipo anati mwanjira ina " chimagwira ntchito mosiyana kwambiri ndi zizolowezi zina ," tsopano wasintha luso lake kukhala ED yoyambitsidwa ndi zolaula. Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wolembedwa ndi Joshua Grubbs adapeza mgwirizano pakati pa kusachita bwino zogonana komanso chizolowezi choonera zolaula komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula (popanda amuna osachita zogonana komanso amuna ambiri omwe ali ndi ED ) , pepalalo limawerenga ngati latsutsa kwathunthu ED yoyambitsidwa ndi zolaula (PIED). Njira imeneyi si yodabwitsa kwa iwo omwe atsatira zomwe Dr. Grubbs adanena kale pankhani ya kampeni yake ya " chizolowezi choonera zolaula ". Onani kusanthula kwakukulu kumeneku kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Ngakhale pepala la Grubbs nthawi zonse limatsutsa mgwirizano pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri ndi kugonana kosayenera, ubalewu unanenedwa m'magulu onse atatu - makamaka chitsanzo chachitatu, chomwe chinali chitsanzo chofunikira kwambiri chifukwa chinali chitsanzo chachikulu komanso kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Chofunika kwambiri, msinkhu wa chitsanzochi ndi womwe unganene kuti uli ndi PIED. N'zosadabwitsa kuti chitsanzo chachitatu chinali ndi mgwirizano wamphamvu kwambiri pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri ndi kugonana kosayenera (–0.37) . Pansipa pali magulu atatu, omwe ali ndi mphindi zawo zapakati pa tsiku zowonera zolaula. Zimasonyezanso mgwirizano pakati pa kugonana kosayenera ndi kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito. Chizindikiro choyipa chimatanthauza kugonana kosayenera komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri.
Results
- Chitsanzo cha 1 (amuna a 147): ausinkhu wa zaka 19.8 - Zosintha 22 Mphindi zolaula / tsiku. (-0.18)
- Chitsanzo cha 2 (amuna a 297): ausinkhu wa zaka 46.5 - Yomweyi 13 Mphindi zolaula / tsiku. (-0.05)
- Chitsanzo cha 3 (amuna a 433): ausinkhu wa zaka 33.5 - Yomweyi 45 Mphindi zolaula / tsiku. (-0.37)
Izi zinali zotsatira zowongoka bwino. Njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri (# 3) inali yolumikizana mwamphamvu pakati pa ogwiritsira ntchito zolaula komanso malo ochepera. Gulu lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito chocheperako (# 2) lidali ndi kufowoka kofooka pakati pakumugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zolaula ndi zomangika. Chifukwa chiyani a Grubbs sanatsindike motere polemba, mmalo mwakugwiritsa ntchito manambala kuyesera kuti iwoneke?
Kufotokozera mwachidule:
- Chitsanzo # 1: Avereji ya zaka 19.8. Zindikirani kuti osuta zithunzi zolaula zakale za 19 sanabwerenge zolaula zomwe zimapangika (makamaka makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito 22 maminiti tsiku). Ambiri a zolaula-zinachititsa ED kupuma nkhani YBOP yasonkhanitsa ndi amuna akuluakulu a 20-40. Nthawi zambiri zimatengera nthawi kuti ipange PIED.
- Chitsanzo # 2: Avereji ya zaka 46.5. Amangokhala mphindi 13 patsiku! Ndikupatuka kwazaka 15.3, gawo lina la amunawa linali makumi asanu ndi zinai. Akuluakuluwa sanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti ali achinyamata. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala osatetezeka pachiwopsezo chazakugonana mwakugonana pa zolaula zapaintaneti. Inde, monga Grubbs adapeza, thanzi la amuna okalamba pang'ono lakhala labwino komanso lolimba. Ndibwino kuposa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula paubwana. Mwachitsanzo, iwo omwe ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 33 mu sampuli 3).
- Chitsanzo # 3: Avereji ya zaka 33.5. Monga tanena kale, sampuli 3 ndiyo inali zitsanzo zazikulu kwambiri komanso zopezeka motere. Chofunika koposa, kuti msinkhu uno ndiwomwe angayankhe PIED. Zosadabwitsa kuti zitsanzo 3 zinali zolumikizana mwamphamvu pakati pamagulu azambiri ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. (-0.37).
Zolumikizana
Grubbs adagwirizanitsanso kuchuluka kwa zizolowezi zolaula ndi ntchito yogonana. Zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti ngakhale m'magawo omwe ali ndi ntchito yabwino yogonana, chizolowezi cha zolaula chinali chogwirizana kwambiri ndi kugonana kosayenera ( -0.20 mpaka -0.33) . Monga kale, mgwirizano wamphamvu kwambiri pakati pa chizolowezi cha zolaula ndi kugonana kosayenera ( -0.33 ) unachitika mu chitsanzo chachikulu cha Grubbs. Ndipo ichi chinali chitsanzo cha zaka zapakati chomwe chingakhale ndi ED yoyambitsidwa ndi zolaula: chitsanzo 3, zaka zapakati : 33.5 ( maphunziro 433 ).
Dikirani kaye mufunse, ndinganene bwanji kuti ndikugwirizana kwambiri ? Kodi kafukufuku wa Grubbs sakunena molimba mtima kuti ubalewo unali " waung'ono mpaka wapakati ," kutanthauza kuti si nkhani yaikulu? Monga momwe tinafufuzira mu ndemangayi , kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Grubbs mafotokozedwe kumasiyana kwambiri, kutengera ndi kafukufuku wa Grubbs yemwe mwawerenga. Ngati kafukufuku wa Grubbs akunena za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zomwe zimayambitsa ED, ndiye kuti manambala omwe ali pamwambapa akuyimira mgwirizano wochepa, womwe waponyedwa pambali muzolemba zake zodzaza ndi zinthu.
Komabe, ngati ndi kafukufuku wotchuka kwambiri wa Grubbs (" Kupanduka monga Chizolowezi: Chipembedzo ndi Kukana Makhalidwe Monga Onenera za Chizolowezi Chodziwika ku Zithunzi Zolaula "), komwe adalengeza kuti kukhala wachipembedzo ndiye chifukwa chenicheni cha "chizolowezi cholaula," ndiye kuti manambala ochepa kuposa awa amapanga "ubale wolimba." Ndipotu, mgwirizano "wolimba" wa Grubbs pakati pa chipembedzo ndi "chizolowezi cholaula chodziwika" unali 0.30 yokha ! Komabe adagwiritsa ntchito molimbika kuti abweretse chitsanzo chatsopano, komanso chokayikitsa cha chizolowezi cholaula . Matebulo, maulumikizidwe ndi tsatanetsatane womwe watchulidwa pano akupezeka mu gawo lino la kusanthula kwakutali kwa YBOP.
32) Kufufuza za Ntchito Yogonana ndi Zithunzi Zolaula (2019)
Pakafukufukuyu, ofufuza amayang'ana kulumikizana pakati pa ED ndi zikhalidwe za zolaula pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso "okhumba". Palibe ulalo wotere womwe udapezeka. Mwina izi ndichifukwa choti ogwiritsa ntchito sawunika molondola momwe amakhumbira mpaka atayesa kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, kulumikizana kwina kosangalatsa kunawonekera pazotsatira zawo. Zolemba:
Mitengo ya operewera erectile inali yotsika kwambiri mwa iwo [amuna] omwe amasankha kugonana ndi amuna okhaokha popanda zolaula (22.3%) ndipo anawonjezeka kwambiri pamene zolaula zinali zovomerezeka pa kugonana kwapakati (78%).
... Zithunzi zolaula ndi kusagonana ndizofala pakati pa achinyamata.
...Amuna omwe ankagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi tsiku lililonse kapena kuposerapo anali ndi ED rate ya 44% (12/27). Izi poyerekeza ndi 22% (47/213) kwa ogwiritsa ntchito "osazolowereka" (≤5x/sabata) , zomwe zinafika pakufunika pa kusanthula kwa univariate ( p = 0.017). Zingakhale kuti voliyumu imagwira ntchito pamlingo winawake.
… Matenda a PIED omwe akuwoneka kuti ndiwotheka akuwoneka kuti ndiwotheka ndipo akupezeka pa kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana. Ili si gulu laling'ono la ofufuza lomwe lingasokonezedwe ndi malingaliro oyenera. Komanso kuthandizira mbali ya "causation" ya mkanganowu ndi malipoti a amuna omwe ayambiranso kugonana atasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso.
Kupangitsa?
… Ophunzira omwe akuyembekezeredwa okha ndi omwe angathetseretu vuto la mayanjano kapena mayanjano. [Izi zikuyenera] kuphatikiza maphunziro owunikiridwa owunika kupambana kwa kudziletsa pochiza ED mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Anthu owonjezera omwe amafunikira kulingaliridwa makamaka ndi achinyamata. Pakhala pali nkhawa zakuti kuwonetsedwa koyambirira pazithunzi zolaula kumatha kukhudza chitukuko. Mlingo wa achinyamata omwe amawonetsedwa zolaula asanakwanitse zaka 13 wakwera katatu pazaka 50 zapitazi. Tsopano ikuzungulira mozungulira XNUMX%.
Kafukufuku amene ali pamwambawa adaperekedwa pamsonkhano wa American Urological Association wa mu 2017. Zidule zingapo kuchokera m'nkhaniyi zokhudza izi - Kafukufuku akuwona kulumikizana pakati pa zolaula ndi vuto la kugonana (2017):
Anyamata achichepere omwe amakonda zolaula kuposa zochitika zenizeni zogonana angagwidwe mumsampha, osatha kuchita zogonana ndi anthu ena mwayi ukapezeka, malinga ndi kafukufuku watsopano. Amuna omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zolaula nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la kusowa maliseche ndipo nthawi zambiri sakhala okhutira ndi kugonana. Izi zidachitika malinga ndi zomwe kafukufukuyu adapeza Lachisanu pamsonkhano wapachaka wa American Urological Association, ku Boston.
" Chiwerengero cha zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la kugonana m'gulu lino ndi chotsika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake kuwonjezeka kwa vuto la kugonana komwe taona pakapita nthawi kwa gululi kuyenera kufotokozedwa," adatero Christman. "Timakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kungakhale chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli".
33) Kusokonezeka kwa kugonana kwa abambo atsopano: Nkhani zolimbana ndi kugonana (2018)
Mutu uwu wochokera m'buku latsopano la zachipatala lotchedwa Paternal Postnatal Psychiatric Illnesses likufotokoza za momwe zolaula zimakhudzira kugonana kwa abambo atsopano, ponena za pepala lomwe linalembedwa ndi wolandila tsamba lino, " Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ogonana? Ndemanga ndi Malipoti Achipatala ." Tsambali lili ndi zithunzi za zigawo zofunikira kuchokera mu mutuwu.
34) Kukula, Zitsanzo ndi Zotsatira Zodzikonda Zomwe Zilipo Zomwe Zolaula Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito ku Polish University Ophunzira: Phunziro Lachigawo (2019)
Kafukufuku wamkulu ( n = 6463) pa ophunzira aku koleji aamuna ndi aakazi (zaka zapakati pa 22) akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zizolowezi zolaula (15%), kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula (kulekerera), zizindikiro zosiya, ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana ndi ubale wokhudzana ndi zolaula. Zigawo zofunikira:
Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimawonedwa zolaula zimaphatikizira kufunikira kokakamiza kwakanthawi (12.0%). Zinaphatikizansopo zolimbikitsa zogonana (17.6%) kuti zifike pachimake, ndikuchepetsa kukhutitsidwa ndi kugonana (24.5%)…
Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsanso kuti kuonekera msanga kungagwirizane ndi kufooka kwa chilakolako chogonana. Izi zasonyezedwa ndi kufunika kokhala ndi chilakolako cha nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, chilakolako chogonana chinafunika kuti munthu afike pachimake akamadya zinthu zonyansa, komanso kuchepa kwa chikhutiro chogonana ...
Zosintha zingapo zamachitidwe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula zomwe zimachitika panthawi yomwe akuwululidwa zidanenedwapo. Wina anali kusinthana ndi mtundu wankhani wazinthu zowoneka bwino (46.0%). Panali kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi malingaliro ofuna kugonana (60.9%). Ena anena kuti pakufunika kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowonjezera (zachiwawa) (32.0%)…
35) Health and reproductive health and rights in Sweden 2017 (2019)
Kafukufuku wa 2017 wa The Sweden Public Health Authority ali ndi gawo lomwe likufotokoza zomwe apeza pazolaula. zogwiritsidwa ntchito apa, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri kunali kokhudzana ndi thanzi losauka la kugonana ndikuchepetsa kusakhutira pogonana. Zolemba:
Amuna 41 pa 100 azaka zapakati pa 16 ndi 29 amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi. Amaonera zolaula tsiku lililonse kapena pafupifupi tsiku lililonse. Chiwerengero chofanana pakati pa akazi ndi 3 pa 100. Zotsatira zathu zikuwonetsanso mgwirizano pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi ndi thanzi loipa la kugonana. Zimasonyezanso mgwirizano pakati pa kugonana kochita malonda. [Panali maulalo oti] ziyembekezo zapamwamba kwambiri pakuchita zogonana, komanso kusakhutira ndi moyo wa kugonana . Pafupifupi theka la anthu onse amanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula sikukhudza moyo wawo wogonana. Poyerekeza, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu sakudziwa ngati zimakhudza kapena ayi. Azimayi ndi amuna ochepa akuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumakhudza moyo wawo wogonana. Zinali zofala kwambiri pakati pa amuna omwe ali ndi maphunziro apamwamba kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zonse poyerekeza ndi amuna omwe ali ndi maphunziro ochepa.
Pakufunika chidziwitso chochulukirapo pakati pa kumwa pakati pa zolaula ndi thanzi. Njira yofunika yodzitetezera ndi kukambirana za zoyipa zomwe zimapezeka chifukwa cholaula ndi anyamata ndi anyamata. Sukulu ndi malo achilengedwe kuchita izi.
36) Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti: Kuledzera kapena Kulephera Kugonana? (2019)
Ulalo wa PDF wa mutu wa Introduction to Psychosexual Medicine (2019) - White, Catherine. “ Zithunzi Zolaula pa Intaneti: Kuledzera kapena Kusokonezeka kwa Kugonana. Chiyambi cha Mankhwala Okhudza Kugonana?” (2019)
37) Kusadziletsa kapena Kuvomereza? Mndandanda Wazomwe Amakumana Nazo Amuna Ali Ndi Njira Zowunikira Zoyeserera Zolaula Zoyeserera (2019)
Nyuzipepalayi inanena za amuna asanu ndi mmodzi omwe ali ndi vuto lachiwerewere pomwe amakhala ndi pulogalamu yolowererapo (kusinkhasinkha, zipika zatsiku ndi tsiku komanso kulowa sabata sabata iliyonse). Mitu yonse ya 6 idawoneka ngati ikupindulira ndikusinkhasinkha. Potengera mndandanda wamaphunziro awa, 2 pa 6 idanenanso za zolaula zomwe zidapangitsa ED. Malipoti ochepa kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito (chizolowezi). Mmodzi amafotokoza zizindikiritso zakutha. Zolemba pamilandu yomwe ikufotokozera PIED:
Pedro (m'badwo 35):
Pedro anadzinenera yekha kuti anali namwali. Analankhula za manyazi omwe anakumana nawo poyesa kugonana ndi akazi m'mbuyomu. Kugonana kwake kwaposachedwa kunatha pamene mantha ndi nkhawa zake zinamulepheretsa kukodza. Anati vuto lake logonana linabwera chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ...
Pedro adanena kuti chiwerengero cha anthu oonera zolaula chinali chochepa kwambiri pofika kumapeto kwa kafukufukuyu komanso kusintha kwakukulu kwa malingaliro ndi zizindikiro za thanzi la maganizo. Ngakhale kuti adawonjezera mlingo wa imodzi mwa mankhwala ake oletsa nkhawa panthawi ya kafukufukuyu chifukwa cha kupsinjika pantchito, adati apitiliza kusinkhasinkha chifukwa cha ubwino womwe adapeza wokhala chete, woganizira, komanso wopumula womwe adakumana nawo pambuyo pa gawo lililonse.
Pablo (m'badwo 29):
Pablo ankaona kuti analibe mphamvu pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Ankathera maola angapo tsiku lililonse akuganizira za zolaula, kaya pamene anali kuonera zolaula kapena poganizira zowonera zolaula nthawi ina iliyonse akamatanganidwa ndi kuchita zinazake. Anapita kwa dokotala ndi nkhawa za mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana omwe anali nawo, ndipo ngakhale adaulula nkhawa zake zokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa dokotala wake, Pablo adatumizidwa kwa katswiri wa kubereka wamwamuna komwe adapatsidwa jekeseni wa testosterone. Pablo adanena kuti kulowererapo kwa testosterone kunalibe phindu kapena phindu pa vuto lake logonana, ndipo zomwe zinamuchitikirazi zidamulepheretsa kupeza thandizo lina lililonse pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito zolaula . Kuyankhulana asanaphunzire kunali koyamba kuti Pablo alankhule momasuka ndi aliyense pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito zolaula zake…
38) Kuwerengera kufotokozera maphunziro omwe akubwera - ndi pulofesa wa Urology Carlo Foresta, pulezidenti wa bungwe la Italy lotchedwa Pathophysiology
Phunziroli lili ndi zotsatira za maphunziro amtundu wautali komanso oyambira. Kafukufuku wina adakhudza kuyesa kwa achinyamata a kusekondale (masamba 52-53). Kafukufukuyu adanenanso kuti kukomoka kumagonana pakati pa 2005 ndi 2013, kufunitsitsa kogonana kumawonjezera 600%.
- Chiwerengero cha achinyamata omwe adasinthidwa ndi kugonana kwawo: 2004 / 05: 7.2%, 2012 / 13: 14.5%
- Chiwerengero cha achinyamata omwe ali ndi chilakolako chogonana chochepa: 2004 / 05: 1.7%, 2012 / 13: 10.3% (ndiwonjezeka 600% m'zaka 8)
Foresta akufotokozanso kafukufuku wake womwe ukubwera, “ Sexuality media and new forms of sexual pathology sample 125 young men, 19-25 years ” (dzina la Chitaliyana – “ Sessualità mediatica e nuove form di patologia sessuale Campione 125 giovani maschi ”). Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu (masamba 77-78), zomwe zidagwiritsa ntchito International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire, zidapeza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula wamba adapeza 50% yotsika pa domain ya chilakolako chogonana ndi 30% yotsika pa domain ya erectile functioning.
39) Ndemanga za MedHelp ndi mafunso (osawunikiridwa)
Nayi nkhani yokhudza kusanthula kwakukulu kwa ndemanga ndi mafunso omwe adalembedwa pa MedHelp okhudzana ndi vuto la kugonana. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti 58% ya amuna omwe amapempha thandizo anali azaka 24 kapena kuchepera. Ambiri ankakayikira kuti zolaula za pa intaneti zitha kukhalapo monga momwe zafotokozedwera mu zotsatira za kafukufukuyu -
Mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi "erectile dysfunction". Amatchulidwa koposa katatu monga momwe mawu ena onse amafotokozera. Imatsatiridwa ndi "zolaula za pa intaneti," "kuda nkhawa," komanso "kuyang'ana zolaula."
Mwachionekere, zolaula ndi nkhani yomwe amakambirana pafupipafupi. Mwamuna wina akulemba kuti: "Ndakhala ndikuwona zolaula za pa intaneti pafupipafupi (kangapo kanayi pa sabata) pazaka 4 zapitazi. "Ndili ndi zaka za m'ma 5 ndipo ndakhala ndikukumana ndi zikhalidwe zogonana kuyambira ndili mwana mpaka nditayamba kuyang'ana zolaula pa intaneti."
Nkhani yokhudza kampeni yaposachedwa ya spin: Akatswiri Ogonana Amakana Zolaula Zoyambitsa ED Podzinenera Kuti Kuseweretsa Maliseche Ndi Vuto (2016)
40) Kuchuluka kwa Zithunzi Zolaula ndi Zotsatira Zaumoyo Pakugonana ku Sweden: Kuwunika kwa National Probability Survey
68.7% ya amuna ndi 27.0% ya amayi amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Pakati pa amuna a zaka za 16-24, 17.2% amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula tsiku ndi tsiku kapena pafupifupi tsiku lililonse, 24.7% amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula 3-5 d / wk ndi 23.7% amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula 1-2 d / wk. Pakati pa amayi a zaka zapakati pa 16-24, chiwerengerocho chinali 1.2% tsiku lililonse kapena pafupifupi tsiku lililonse, 3.1% kwa 3-5 nthawi / wk, ndi 8.6% kwa 1-2 nthawi / wk. Kuchuluka kwa zolaula kumachepetsedwa ndi zaka pakati pa amuna ndi akazi.
Kusakhutira ndi kugonana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ≥3 nthawi / wk.
4.7% ya amuna ndi 4.0% ya amayi adanena kuti zotsatira za [zolaula] zinali zoipa kwambiri.
Zindikirani: Kafukufukuyu akuwoneka kuti adalembedwa mokondera zomwe zimathandizira kubisa zovuta zakugonana mwa achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Ena a 40 +% a iwo akugwiritsa ntchito zolaula 3 + nthawi pa sabata (35 +% mwa amuna achikulire pang'ono), ndipo motero ali pachiopsezo cha kusakhutira ndi kugonana komanso mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana.
Onani Mavuto mwa amuna omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula ≤3 pa sabata.
Malingaliro (kupyola awo okhudzana ndi pamwamba):
1. Papagiannopoulos D, Khare N, Nehra A. “Kuwunika anyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la erectile dysfunction.” Asian journal of andrology . 2015;17(1):11-6. Epub 2014/11/06. doi: 10.4103/1008-682x.139253. PubMed PMID: 25370205; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPmc4291852.
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Maganizo 36 pa “Kafukufuku amatsimikizira kuti kulimbana ndi kugonana kwachinyamata kumakula"
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