Izi 2020 nkhani amachita ntchito yabwino yophwanya nthano zomwe akatswiri ogonana amagwiritsa ntchito polimbikitsa makampani olaula. Ndikoyenera kuwerenganso.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ndikugwirizana ndi +++++++++++++++++++++++++ ndikuti tithandizireni kuti tipeze ndalama zambiri?
Zoonadi zosasangalatsa zamakampaniwo komanso momwe zimakhudzira kuchitira nkhanza ana, kuzembera, komanso kuzunza
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zakuwonongeka kwachindunji komanso kopanda tanthauzo kwa zolaula kuchokera kwa osagwiritsa ntchito-centric.
Ziwawa zomwe sizinachitike komanso kulemekeza kugwiriridwa, kuzunzidwa kwa ana, komanso kugonana pachibale ndizofunikira kwambiri pazolaula.
Zithunzi zolaula zakhala zikuchitika kuyambira pomwe ma Greek urns ndi Playboy pakati; osadziwika, kupezeka kosavuta kwazinthu zambiri kwadzetsa mwayi wogula, komanso msika wokhazikika.
Poyankha zovuta ngati izi, ojambula zolaula ndi making banki pojambula anthu, makamaka azimayi, amachitidwa zachiwerewere zowopsa kwambiri. Ogulitsa achiwiri amapindulanso kwinaku akunyalanyaza kuti makanema ambiri omwe adakwezedwa papulatifomu yawo anali zotsatira zomaliza za nkhanza, kuwopseza, kukakamiza, kugwiririra, ndi kuzunza ana.
Chiwawa pazolaula
Kugonana pagulu koyipa (kuphatikiza "zigawenga", "kawiri", ndi "kumatako patatu"), azimayi akumangoyamwa maliseche achimuna (nthawi zina mpaka kusanza), kumenya mbama, kutsamwa, kunyoza mawu olakwika komanso kutulutsa umaso pankhope ya mkazi - makamaka wamba mu "mitundu" yamitundu - tsopano ndiye maziko azithunzi zolaula. Zomwe kale zidalipo pamphepete zakhala zofanana pamaphunziro; zoipitsitsa zakhala zofala.
Kuchuluka kwazinthu zomwe sizinayesezedwe, komanso zosakhala zaka kapena chilolezo zimatsimikizira nkhanza zakugonana, kuzunza (kuboola, kulowa m'madzi ndi zina zambiri), komanso kuwonongeka komwe kumapezeka patsamba lodziwika bwino kumatanthauza kuti winawake, wolipidwa kapena ayi, adapirira nkhanza kwambiri njira zopangira zosangalatsa zanu. Pakadali pano, zolaula "nthabwala" za talente yatsopano yamakampani yodziwika bwino ndi dipatimenti yosamalira anthu mwachangu.
Ngakhale ambiri a wotchuka zolaula - mwakutanthauzira komwe ndizodziwika bwino kwambiri motero sizingakhale zokayikitsa - zimawonetsa zachiwawa zomwe sizinayesedwe pamiyeso yoopsa. (Ngati mukufuna kuti anthu azimumasulirani zachiwawa, ndi "kuchitapo kanthu mwadala komwe kumadzipweteketsa kapena kuwononga munthu wina".)
Kusanthula kwa zochitika 304 zolaula zodziwika bwino zidawonetsa kuti 88% inali ndiukali, makamaka koma osangokhalira kukwapula, kugundana, ndikumenya mbama. Ngati malingaliro anu apompopompo anali "sizoyipa kwambiri" koma akuwonetsa momwe nkhanza zogwirira ntchito zakhalira. Pafupifupi theka la zochitikazo zimakhudzana ndi mawu achipongwe, makamaka kutchula mayina monga "hule" ndi "slut". Zonenedweratu komanso kuti ndizochulukirapo, omwe amachititsa zachiwawa anali amuna, ndipo omwe amawakonda kwambiri anali akazi (94%).
Motsutsana, McKee (2005) anamaliza "okha" 2% ya makanema odziwika omwe amakhala ndi zachiwawa pambuyo poti zakhala bwino kupatulapo chiwawa bola ngati chandamale chikuwonetsa chisangalalo. Kafukufuku wawo sanazindikire kuti wojambula zolaula akulira modzidzimutsa pachilichonse chomwe amachitidwa ndichofunikira pantchito, zomwe zimatsimikizira ngati adzakwanitse kutenga ndalama pambuyo poti kujambula kovutitsa, ndikupitilizabe kupeza ntchito zamtsogolo .
In zolaula zachiwawa zotchuka, 95% ya azimayi omwe adamwetulira pakumwetulira kapena kuwonetsa kunyalanyaza miyala kuti awonetse ngati azimayi akukwera nawo, ndipo samamverera nawo za nkhanza zakugonana komanso kuzunzidwa.
"[Ndinawauza] kuti asiye koma sanasiye mpaka nditayamba kulira ndikuwononga zochitikazo." - Lumikizani (ndemanga za yemwe kale ankachita zolaula)
"Chiwonetsero chovomerezana ichi ndikuti tikakhala pachiwopsezo chowonetsa azimayi zosaoneka" - Lumikizani (ndemanga za wolemba kafukufuku)
Chimodzi mwazinthu zosokoneza kwambiri pazamakono zolaula ndi momwe zimachepetsera ndikuwongolera zachiwawa ngati mtundu akusowa chisangalalo chowoneka cha omwe akutenga nawo mbali. (Zachidziwikire, palinso zokonda zamtundu wa "anal anal" kapena "nkhanza kumaso", momwe akazi looneka Kuvutika ndi khadi yakukoka.)
Izi zimapangitsa kuti kukhale kovuta kutsutsana ndi wachinyamata wosadziwa zambiri kapena omwe samvetsetsa kwenikweni za kutengera kwa akazi kapena psychology yaumunthu, kapena kutengera "kulumikiza" anzawo amuna kapena akazi, kuti ndi zabodza zomwe amayi amakonda kuchita zogonana zoopsa komanso zonyoza monga "kumatako atatu" kapena "bulu kukamwa" kugonana mkamwa. Kupatula apo, awona "umboni".
Mawu omwe ali pansipa, okhudza momwe ubongo umasungira zokumbukira zazing'ono, adanenedwa mokhudzana ndi "chisangalalo" choyerekeza cha ana zolaula, komabe chimagwiranso ntchito mofananamo pakuzunzidwa kwa ochita masewerawa. Ikuwonetsera kuwopsa kwakukumana ndi zithunzi za azimayi omwe akusangalala ndi "nkhanza":
Chithunzi ndi chochitika, chifukwa mutha kuchiwona. Ndipo mukawona chithunzi sichimabwera ngati lingaliro, chimabwera ngati china chomwe chidachitika. Ndipo amasungidwa muubongo wanu momwe mumasungira zinthu zina zomwe zachitika. Chifukwa chake simumatsutsa. Inu simukuyimira izo. Simunena, 'Sizoona.' Inu mwaziwona izo. - Lumikizani
Dziwani kuti, zolaula zimafotokozedwa ndi wogula amene wataya mtima, Oyang'anira achisoni komanso olakwika, ndi msika wampikisano pomwe ndizovuta kuonekera, ndipo osati azimayi omwe akufuna kuzunzidwa pa set.
Sikuti zolaula zimangolimbikitsa zachiwawa zogonana, nthawi zambiri zimalimbikitsa is nkhanza zakugonana. Zithunzi zolaula sizowopsa, komanso sizongopeka m'njira zofunika. Chiwawa ndi chenicheni - zokhazokha zongopeka zolaula ndikuti azimayi, "osaloledwa mwalamulo" kapena achinyamata, ndi ana kukonda palibe china chabwino kuposa kuzunzidwa, nkhanza zakugonana, kunyozeka, komanso kugonedwa kosalekeza.
Kugonana kwa ana zolaula
Mwa makanema omwe adadziwika mu 2005, anali makanema sikisi olimbikitsa kugonana kwa ana (otchedwa "Teen Fuck Holes") ndikuwonetsera ochita zisudzo (mwachiyembekezo) achikulire ali ndi zisudzo monga mayunifolomu a atsikana akusukulu, nkhumba zazingwe ndi zolimba. Zokambirana nthawi zambiri zimatsindika kuti achinyamatawa anali ochepera zaka zakubadwa.
Pornhub kunalibe mu 2005, komabe kuyambira pomwe "chaka chowunikiridwa" chawo chidayamba "wachinyamata" wakhala m'modzi mwa mawu khumi apamwamba omwe afufuzidwa papulatifomu zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi akuthamangira, komanso gulu lokha. Mu 10, "wachinyamata" anali mosadziwika bwino kulibe kuchokera pamwamba 10, mwina chifukwa zinthu zoterezi zafalikira kwambiri munthu sayenera kuzifufuza mwachangu. (Zachidziwikire, "wachinyamata" sichoncho kusaka kosokoneza kwambiri zomwe zimachitika nthawi zonse patsamba lolaula.)
Ku US, zoletsa posonyeza atsikana owoneka ngati achichepere zidasinthidwa mu 2002, ndikuwonetsa zolaula zomwe zimagonana ndi ana kuti azisangalala ndi achikulire. Pofika mu 2018, omwe amagawa masekondi mwachitsanzo kuchititsa masamba awebusayiti ali ndi udindo wosunga mbiri ya mibadwo yaomwe akuchita. Kuteteza ana kumaonedwa kuti ndi "kovuta" kofunikira, komanso kofunika kwenikweni kuposa malire ampangidwe wamakampani.
Kutha kupeza zolaula kuchokera kumakampani opanga zotsika mtengo ochokera kutsidya kwa nyanja, okhala ndi atsikana ooneka ngati achichepere kwambiri opanda umboni wazaka popanda chilango ndichopambanadi kwa iwo omwe akufuna kupindula ndi nkhanza za ana.
Kugonana komanso kugonana pachibale
Zithunzi zolaula zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba ndizotsimikizika mokwanira kuti 'kugwiririra' ngati nthawi yakusaka sikubweretsa zotsatira, komabe izi zimangowoneka pansi pa 'kukakamizidwa', 'wolowerera', 'wosafunikira', 'wogwedezeka', 'wopanda thandizo' ndi 'ululu'.
Omwe amachitira anzawo nkhanza nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula pokonzekeretsa ana awo, kuwalangiza, ndikuwatsimikizira kuti kuzunzidwa komwe amakhala "ndichachizolowezi". Zithunzi zolaula zimayenererana ndi ntchito imeneyi.
Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani mitundu yovulaza iyi imadziwika kuti ndiyabwino ngati zosangalatsa poganizira za ululu womwe amakhala nawo kwa nthawi yayitali?
Kuvomereza sikophweka, kokhazikika kapena kophatikizana kotero kuti kumatha kugulidwa, komanso zolaula sizigwirizana nthawi zonse
Ngati mukukhulupirira kuti zolaula zopulumutsa ndikuti anthu ena amavomereza kuti azioneka, ndikufuna kudziwa: Kodi zolaula zomwe mumawonera konse - mwinanso - zogwirizana, ndipo mungadziwe ngati sizinali 'T?
Patsamba lililonse lolaula, mutha kupeza zomwe amakonda "wachinyamata yemwe wapitilira", "wachinyamata awonongedwa", "wachinyamata akulira ndikumenyedwa mbama" - chakudya chachikulu pagulu la "achinyamata", gulu laling'ono "wachinyamata wopanda thandizo". Ngati mumalekerera zolaula zotere chifukwa wophunzirayo ali ndi zaka 18 ndipo amalandila ndalama, dziwani kuti amenewo anali maudindo enieni omwe amajambulidwa kuzunzidwa kwa wogwiriridwa wazaka 14.
Kodi zolaula zambiri komanso nkhanza za ana sizodziwika bwinobwino mwina pali vuto lina ndi lakale? Mukamalemba "mtsikana wasukulu yemwe wagwiriridwa m'basi" mu msakatuli wanu ndipo theka la maulalo ndi atolankhani ndipo theka lina la zolaula ndizodziwikiratu kuti zinthu zapita patali kwambiri.
Mavidiyo a Rose Kalemba adangotulutsidwa atatumizira imelo Pornhub kuchokera pa nkhani ya "loya" wake, munthawi yamaola 48, osati miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yopempha yomwe idamveka. Sanayenera kulandira chilungamo, komabe, ngakhale kugwiriridwa mwankhanza, kojambulidwa kwa mwana wopanda chidziwitso "kumavomereza" m'maso mwa anthu ena. Zinkachitika kuti anthu ogwiriridwa amayenera kuvulazidwa kwambiri, tsopano ngakhale kuti sikokwanira.
“Amuna mamiliyoni ambiri adawonera makanema sikisi onena za kuwukira kwanga. […] Makampani opanga zolaula adapangitsa kuti kugwiriridwa kwanga sikungomaliza usiku wowopsawo, ndipo mantha anga sanali awa - adakwaniritsidwa mwachangu. Chifukwa cha zolaula, ndimazunzidwa, kunyozedwa, kuwopsezedwa, ndi zina zambiri kwazaka ndi zaka nditakumana. Ananditsatira kangapo pomwe ndimayenda, ndikulavulira, ndikuphatika, ndikukhudza mosemphana ndi chifuniro changa - ndi anthu omwe sindinadziwe konse komanso anyamata komanso amuna achikulire omwe ndimawadziwa. ” - Lumikizani
Mavidiyo awa, ndi ena ambiri onga iwo, adasungidwa ndi Pornhub zomwe sizimafunikira zaka, kuvomereza, kapena kutsimikizira pogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiritso chenicheni cha chithunzi. Sizimafunanso kutsimikizika zaka kwa owonera - kuwapeza akadali achichepere zikuwoneka kuti ndiye malingaliro awo.
Pornhub, wokhala ndi wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi MindGeek yomwe ilinso nayo RedTube ndi YouPorn, anali wokondweretsabe kupitiliza kuchititsa zinthu kuchokera Atsikana pomwe anali pa mulandu wozembetsa. Musalole chilichonse kusokoneza phindu ndi mawu awo ena. (Sindikukhulupirira kuti masamba ena azolaula samagwiritsa ntchito njira zomwezo poonjezera kuchuluka kwa omwe akugawana nawo masheya; ndikungoyang'ana kampani yomwe imadzilamulira.)
pamene Sunday Times inafufuza, adapeza makanema ambiri ogwiririra ana Pornhub mu mphindi zochepa. Zithunzi zolaula sizimangodyetsa kufunikira kwa kuzembetsedwa kwa anthu komanso nkhanza za ana, zimangodzionetsera chifukwa chakuzunzidwa; pafupifupi theka la omwe amazunzidwa chifukwa chogulitsa akapolo ogonana lipoti kujambulidwa. Mukuganiza kuti makanema otere amajambulidwa kuti ngati satumizidwa kuma pulatifomu osinthana ndi kuchuluka kwa zotsatsa?
Mkhalidwe wovuta wovomereza zolaula
Ngakhale azimayi ena amavomereza kuti azionera zolaula, ndizowona kuti ambiri, makamaka omwe ali kwathunthu opuma pantchito, lankhulani motsutsana ndi mafakitale. Osewera wakale amafotokoza momwe adagwiriridwira pansi, ndikubweza chilolezo chifukwa chophwanya malamulo kapena nkhanza zosayembekezereka, koma kunyalanyazidwa ndi iwo omwe amafuna kupindula ndi kusangalala ndi nkhanza zawo.
Ganizirani za amayi "ovomerezeka" pansipa; ena adakakamizidwa kuti achite nawo malonda, ena adangovomereza zachiwerewere zomwe adachitidwapo, pomwe ena adapirira nkhanza zomwe sizinachitikepo kuti apitilize kugwira ntchito osatayika kwina kapena malipirowo:
“Ndili ndi zipsera zamuyaya mmwamba ndi pansi pamiyendo yanga. Zinali zinthu zonse zomwe ndidavomera, koma sindimadziwa nkhanza zomwe zandichitikira mpaka nditakhala nazo. ” - Lumikizani
"Zinali zonyansa komanso zonyansa," akutero zokumana nazo zoyambirira. “Ndinangoti inde ndipo zatha. . . . Ndimamva ngati hule lathunthu. ” Anapitilizabe kuchita izi, ngakhale anali ndi matenda a chikhodzodzo, matenda a yisiti, komanso kutaya matumbo. - Lumikizani
“Amandimenya ndikutsamwa. Ndinakwiya kwambiri ndipo sanasiye. Anapitirizabe kujambula. ” - Lumikizani
“[Wosangalatsa wamwamuna] amadana kwambiri ndi akazi, mwakuti nthawi zonse amadziwika kuti ndi wankhanza kuposa kale. Ndinavomera kutero, ndikuganiza kuti sikumenya pang'ono kupatula kukhomerera kumutu. Mukawona, [anali] atavala mphete yake yagolide yolimba nthawi yonseyi ndikupitiliza kundimenya nayo. ” - Lumikizani
"Patatha milungu ingapo ndidakwera ndege kupita ku NY kuti ndikapezeko" zovuta. " Wothandizirayo sanatchule pazovuta, amangogogomezera kuti ndi ndalama. Anandimenya, kundipatsa diso lakuda, komanso kugona ndi anyamata. Sindinaloledwe kumaliza maliro pokhapokha nditafuna malipiro. ” - Lumikizani
"Adavomerezadi kuti ndimafuna kuti atuluke m'kamwa mwanga kuti ndipume, chifukwa zidayamba kukhala zosapilira pakadali pano, chifukwa ... kwenikweni, ndikutsamwa [ndi masanzi anga]." - Lumikizani (atakakamizidwa kugwira ntchito yomwe woimbayo adamuwuza wotsogolera yemwe sangachite, adatsalira ndikulira kwa mkazi komanso khomo lachiberekero lovulala)
“Bungwe lomwe ndili nalo limangoyimira atsikana 25 nthawi imodzi, chifukwa chake amafuna kuti atsikana awo azichita zonse… sitimaloledwa kukhala pamndandanda. - Lumikizani
"Adandiuza kuti ndiyenera kutero ndipo ngati sindingathe, azindilipiritsa ndipo ndikataya kusungitsa kwina kulikonse komwe ndikadakhala nako chifukwa ndikapangira kuti bungwe lake liziwoneka loyipa." - Lumikizani
Zowopsa zopezera ndalama kuti mudzipweteke kapena kudzivulaza ndizodziwikiratu ndipo sizikudziwika. Kaya kanema wachiwawa kapena wonyoza ndi zotsatira zomaliza za kuumirizidwa kwamasiku ano kapena kuzolowera nkhanza zakugonana chifukwa chodzikongoletsa / nkhanza ali mwanakapena kwathunthu kuvomereza - kodi ndizoyenera?
Ngati wina ali wofunitsitsa kugulitsa impso chifukwa akusowa ndalama, kodi bizinesi yotsogola yotsogola imatha kupindula ndi kulephera kwa anthu kuteteza omwe ali pachiwopsezo, omwe akuvutika ndi umphawi? Kodi bizinesi ingapindule ndi kuzunzidwa kwa amayi, monga zilili pakadali pano, bola ngati atavutitsa dzina la BDSM?
Kodi kuvomereza kuzunzidwa chifukwa chazidziwitso zandalama pazabwino kwambiri? Taganizirani izi:
“Simukufuna kuti anthu aziganiza kuti ndiwe wofooka mukamaonera zolaula; mukufuna kuchita monga mumazikondera ndipo mumakonda zinthu zovuta, ndipo mumakonda kuphwanyidwa, komanso kutchedwa mayina onyazitsa. Zonse ndi paketi yabodza chabe. Anthu amachita zolaula chifukwa amafuna ndalama, ndipo ambiri alibe njira zina kapena maphunziro. ”
- Shelley Lubben (yemwe kale ankachita zolaula)
Pali anthu ambiri osowa ndalama pachuma. Ngati chilolezo ndichokhacho, malizitsani, kuti muwone ngati zochita zili zoyenera, kodi azimayi angaphedwe mwankhanza posinthana ndi ndalama, bola amuna azisangalala ndi kuseweretsa maliseche? Malingana ngati akuvomera ndipo kamera ikugwedezeka? Ndipo musananene kuti ndizopusa, taganizirani kuti pali anthu omwe akufuna kulowa mgalimoto kuti mabanja awo alandire ndalama za inshuwaransi.
Chowonadi chakuti anthu amavomereza [zolaula] ndipo amalipidwa, ndizotsimikizika monga momwe tiyenera kukhalira okonda thukuta ku China, komwe azimayi amatsekeredwa mufakita ndikugwira ntchito maola khumi ndi asanu patsiku, kenako fakitare amawotcha ndipo onse amafa. Inde, adalipira ndipo adavomera, koma sizimandipangitsa kuti ndiyambe kuyanjana nawo, ndiye kuti mkangano womwewo sitingathe kuyankhulapo.
- Linguist, wasayansi wazidziwitso, komanso wafilosofi Noam Chomsky
Amuna omwe awonjezera zolaula amakhala ndi malingaliro ochepera komanso odana ndi akazi
Kuwonjezeka kwa zolaula zapitazo ananeneratu za malingaliro ochepera, komanso nkhanza zogonana kwa akazi, pakati pa amuna. Phunziro lomweli linapezanso kuyesedwa kwa wosachita zachiwawa zolaula zimapangitsa kuti amuna ndi akazi azigonana mosavomerezeka.
Ngakhale zolaula zosachita zachiwawa zimakhudza kuvomerezeka kwa kugwiriridwa ndi kuchitira nkhanza akazi
Kafukufuku wa labotale Kuwonetsa amuna pafupifupi 5 maola zolaula mkati mwa masabata a 6 (nthawi imeneyo amawona ngati "ochuluka" kuchuluka) zimawatsogolera kuti asatengeredwe ku nkhanza zakugonana. Amuna omwe adawonetsedwa zolaula adalimbikitsa malingaliro opeputsa kapena kulungamitsa kugwiriridwa pamitengo yayikulu kwambiri kuposa gulu lolamulira.
Kuyesaku kunagwiritsa ntchito zolaula zosachita zachiwawa, zothekanso kubwerera ku 1980s, monga kupeza gulu lolamulira la anyamata odziwa zolaula. Kaya ndi wachiwawa kapena wopanda chiwawa, zolaula zimatsutsa komanso kuchotsera ulemu akazi mpaka amuna omwe samatha kumvetsetsa nawo ngati anthu, kuwawona ngati zida zokhazokha zogonana.
Mofananamo, kusanthula uku adapeza kulumikizana pakati pa zolaula za amuna - makamaka zolaula, komanso zopanda chiwawa - komanso malingaliro othandizira nkhanza kwa amayi.
Chiwerewere chawonjezeka kuyambira pomwe malamulo azolaula adamasulidwa
Zaka khumi malamulo a zolaula atawomboledwa, malipoti ogwiririra adakwera ndi 139% ku US, 94% ku England, 160% ku Australia, ndi 107% ku New Zealand. Nthawi yomweyo, mayiko omwe malamulo onyoza anali okhwima, kuwonjezeka kwa malipoti ogwiririra kunali kocheperako kapena kuchepa.
"Zolakwitsa, Gwirani Pansi" ndiye chida cha woimira zolaula, zomwe zimafotokozedwa ndi D'Amato (2006) pamaziko a deta ya 1973-2003. Komabe, pambuyo pake kukonza powerengera pang'ono zomwe zikuchitika mosiyana zikuwonedwa: mitengo yakugwiriridwa ku America idakwera munthawi imeneyi.
"Kutsika" kunali luso la pafupifupi 22% yamadipatimenti apolisi mdziko lonse osawerengera, pomwepo osachepera, kugwiriridwa mokakamiza kumaliseche chifukwa chosakanikirana ndi malingaliro ogwilira ogwiriridwa komanso kufunitsitsa kuwoneka opambana polimbana ndi umbanda. Mwakutero, kugwiriridwa kunanenedwa ngati 'kopanda maziko' popanda kufufuzidwa, kuikidwanso, kapena kusalembedwapo.
Mosiyana ndi kupha, kumenya, kuba, kuba ndi magalimoto - kodi D'Amato adaganiza kuti kukwapula atsikana azolaula kumatipulumutsa kwa iwonso? - kugwiriridwa sikunachepe kuyambira koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, komanso kunalibe kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kuyambira 2010 (tchati kumanzere). M'malo mwake, panali kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kugwiriridwa komwe kunachitika pambuyo poti malamulo a zolaula awomboledwa mu 1964 (tchati kumanja, onani mizere yolimba).
Sikuti kugwiriridwa kwachuluka kokha, koma monga tawonera ku Australia, zolaula zawonjezeka anasintha khalidwe lokhumudwitsa, makamaka pankhani yakuwonjezeka kwa kugwiriridwa ndi kugwiriridwa kwa atsikana achichepere azaka za 13 ndi 14.
Ino ndi nthawi yakukumbukira chowonadi chododometsa: ambiri ogwiriridwa sapoti kwa apolisi, monga akuwonetsera piramidi ili pansipa. Kudzidziwitsa nokha za nkhanza zakugonana (kuphatikiza kugwiriridwa: 36%) kuwirikiza kawiri pakati pa 2017 ndi 2018 ku United States. Nthawi yomweyo, kupereka malipoti kupolisi kunatsika kuchoka pa 40% mpaka 25%.
Zithunzi zolaula ndi chimodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri zolosera zakugwiriridwa komanso kukakamizidwa kugonana
Kafukufuku waposachedwa waposachedwa Wachinyamata waku America adapeza kuti atatha kuwongolera pazinthu zina zofunika, kuzunzidwa kwa makolo ndi kuwonera zolaula zankhanza - zonse zomwe zidalemba ngati ziwawa pakati pawo - anali olosera zamtsogolo mwamphamvu zachiwerewere, kuphatikiza kukakamiza kugonana ndi kugwiriridwa. Kufotokozera, mapangidwe aphunziro amatanthauza kuti ziwawa zidachitika pambuyo zolaula zimagwiritsa ntchito.
A meta-kusanthula maphunziro a 22 ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana 7 adazindikira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumalumikizidwa ndi nkhanza zogonana, mawu onse (mwachitsanzo kukakamiza kugonana mwakutsutsana kapena kuwopseza kuti athetsa chibwenzi) komanso mthupi (kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu).
Kulemera kwa umboni
Pali maphunziro opitilira 100 akuwonetsa kuti zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa (zowonetsedwa kudzera m'mayesero oyesera) zamakhalidwe osiyanasiyana achiwawa. Kafukufuku wopitilira 50 akuwonetsa kulumikizana kwamphamvu pakati pa zolaula ndi nkhanza zogonana. Zotsatirazo ndizofanana pamaphunziro olumikizana, magawo awiri, zoyeserera, ndi kutalika: zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuchita zachiwerewere zimalumikizidwa mwachindunji. - Lumikizani
Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu aliyense amene amaonera zolaula amatsimikiziridwa kuti adzagwiriridwa? Ayi, koma komanso sitigwiritsa ntchito mfundo yoti si aliyense amene amasuta amene amakhala ndi khansa yam'mapapo ngati njira yotsutsa zotsatira zoyipa za utsi wa ndudu.
Momwe zolaula zimawonjezera chiopsezo chogwiriridwa
Katswiri wina wa chikhalidwe cha anthu, atatha kufotokozera mwachidule zomwe zilipo, akunena izi za kulumikizana pakati pa zolaula ndi kugwiririra: "zolaula (a) zimapangitsa amuna ena kufuna kugwiririra azimayi komanso kukulitsa chiyembekezo mwa amuna ena omwe ali kale ndi malingaliro; (b) amapeputsa zoletsa zamkati za amuna kuti asachite zomwe akufuna; ndipo c) imalepheretsa amuna kuti azilephera kuchita zomwe akufuna - Lumikizani
Zithunzi zolaula zimayambitsa kukhumudwa ndikufunafuna zinthu zoopsa
Zithunzi zolaula zikuchulukirachulukira; ndi addictive kotero alipo kuchepetsa kubwerera ndi kuchuluka kwa mowa. Izi zimapangitsa ogula kuti azifunafuna zoopsa kwambiri komanso zowunikira kuti athe onaninso 'mkulu' woyamba uja, ndipo makampaniwa alidi kuyendera limodzi.
“Tidapeza zomwezi kwa atsikana ndi anyamata. Kuchita zachinyengo pakapita nthawi kumatha kuwonetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino, popeza kuti munthu akayamba kudziwonetsa zolaula pa intaneti, samakhala ndi chidwi ndi zomwezo. ” - Lumikizani kuti muphunzire
Orgasm ikulimbikitsa mwamphamvu machitidwe kudzera pakumasulidwa kwa dopamine; zolimbikitsa zilizonse zokhudzana ndi kumasulidwa kwa kugonana palokha amakhala osiririka. Anthu ambiri samakopeka mwachilengedwe ndi zachiwawa, kapena kugonana ndi ana, komabe zolaula zitha kusintha momwe amakhalira.
Simutetezedwa kuzikhalidwe zamakedzana, si nkhani yakufuna mphamvu kapena chikhalidwe. Mutha kuphunzitsa agalu kuti amve mate pakumva mabelu, makoswe kuti asankhe kununkha kwaimfa, amuna kuti atenge nsapato ndi zidendene mwa kucheza - bwanji kuseweretsa maliseche kwa achinyamata kapena zachiwawa zomwe zimapanga zolaula zambiri ndizosiyana ndi izi ?
Misewu yonse imapita ku Roma, kapena pamenepa kupita ku kwambiri zolaula. Sikuti kuseweretsa maliseche pazinthu zotere kumangowonjezera chidwi chawo, koma amapereka chithunzi kuti mchitidwe wogonana woopsa ndi wonyoza uli ponseponse ndipo ngwovomerezeka.
Zithunzi zolaula sizimangobwezeretsa ubongo komanso kulembanso zomwe zalembedwa kuti zisawononge atsikana ndi amayi
"Kulumikizana kwa chidwi chofuna kulamulira / kugonjera ndichitsanzo cha chithunzi cha amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, chomwe chimalungamitsa zolaula. Amayi akuyenera kukonda kuchitiridwa nkhanza. Uku ndikulungamitsanso kwa maubwenzi onse oponderezana - kuti amene amakhala "osiyana" amakhala ndi udindo wotsika " - Audrey Lorde
Zithunzi zolaula zomwe munthu amagwiritsa ntchito, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yogonana, kulingalira za izi panthawi yogonana, kufunsa zolaula za mnzake, ndipo sangasangalale kwenikweni ndi bwenzi lake.
Pa zolaula, nkhanza za amuna ndi zosangalatsa zili patsogolo; ngakhale azonama ambiri, ziphuphu za akazi zimawoneka kokha 18% mpaka 78% ya amuna nthawiyo. Zokhumba za anyamata ndi abambo tsopano zimakhudzana ndi zolemba zogonana zomwe zimafotokozedwa ndi zachiwerewere (zachiwawa zachiwerewere zachimuna komanso chiwonetsero chachikazi) azimayi ndi atsikana akuvutika chifukwa cha izi.
"Zithunzi zolaula zimapereka uthenga kwa atsikana kuti muyenera kugonjera kwambiri, ndikulekerera nkhanza komanso kuwachotsera ulemu. Amawona ngati zogonana m'malo mokhala zachiwawa, monga kuvomereza m'malo mokakamiza, kuwopseza, kuchitira nkhanza, kapena zina zambiri. ”
- Taina Bien-Aime (Wotsogolera Wamkulu wa Coalition Against Against Trafficking In Women)
Pafupifupi kotala la akazi achikulire akuti amamva mantha panthawi yogonana, pofotokoza zinthu zowopsa monga kuzinyongedwa mosayembekezereka. Ku US, oposa theka la atsikana azaka zapakati pa 15-19 wazaka adati amakhala ali kukakamizidwa kuchita zachiwerewere.
Ku England, 40% ya atsikana azaka 13-17 akhala kukakamizidwa kuchita zogonana (kuphatikizapo kugonana mokakamizidwa) ndi chibwenzi, pomwe 22% imanenera kuchitiridwa nkhanza ndi wokondedwa wawo. Ambiri mwa anyamata omwe adafunsidwa nthawi zambiri amawonera zolaula, ndipo m'modzi mwa iwo asanu amakhala ndi malingaliro olakwika kwa akazi.
“Kodi nkwachibadwa kukhala mtsikana wogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha koma osafuna kugona ndi amuna ndikuwona kuti ndi zonyansa, zonyansa komanso zachiwawa? Ndilibe vuto lililonse lachiwerewere, sindine wachipembedzo ndipo kugonana sikunakhalepo mwatsatanetsatane kwa ine ”- Anonymous Reddit positi
Dokotala wina, tiyeni timutche kuti Sue, adati: "Ndikuwopa kuti zinthu zafika poipa kwambiri kuposa momwe anthu amaganizira." M'zaka zaposachedwa, Sue adachiritsa atsikana ambiri omwe ali ndi zovulala zamkati zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogonana pafupipafupi; osati, monga momwe Sue anadziwira, chifukwa chakuti anafuna kutero, kapena chifukwa chakuti anasangalala nazo, koma chifukwa chakuti mnyamatayo anali kuyembekezera zimenezo. ” [pa kudziletsa kwa atsikana achichepere - Lumikizani]
Ufulu wanu umathera pomwe wanga uyambira
Mulibe ufulu wosagonjetsedwa kuti muchite maliseche, kapena kupindula nawo. M'misika yazachuma yaulere komanso mabungwe omwe amalankhula momasuka, mankhwala oopsa amaletsedwa pafupipafupi, zolaula za ana ndizoletsedwa, makanema oletsa fodya ndi oletsedwa - chifukwa chiyani kuzunzidwa kwa achikulire kuyenera kukhala kosiyana?
Takulandilani ku moyo wotukuka, ufulu wanu umaphwanyidwa nthawi zonse kuti muteteze anthu ku zoyipa zamtima wanu wonse.
Ponena za ufulu ndi ufulu:
"Ndizodabwitsa kuti bizinesi yomwe ikuluikulu monga zolaula ikupitilizabe kuthana ndi mfundo zoyambirira zomwe zimalimbikitsa ufulu wa anthu monga zanenedwa ndi World Association of Sexual Health Declaration of Sexual Rights (# 5): Ufulu womasulidwa ku mitundu yonse ya chiwawa ndi kuumiriza. ” - Liz Walker (Woyambitsa, Ntchito Yabwino Yachinyamata)
Kuphatikiza pamwambapa, Mutu 3 wa Lamulo la Ufulu Wachibadwidwe kumatsimikizira kumasuka kuzunzidwe (zamaganizidwe kapena zathupi) ndi nkhanza kapena kulandila nkhanza kapena chilango. Lemberani kwa ojambula zolaula - kodi mumasamala za ufulu wawo wokhala pamalo otetezeka?
Chilankhulo chaulere
Malo olondera zolaula amadzitcha okha Mgwirizanowu waulere. Pomaliza ndinayang'ana, kuyankhula kwaulere ndi 'ufulu wofotokozera malingaliro aliwonse popanda kuletsa kapena kuletsa'. Zopeka - zomwe akazi amakonda kuzunzidwa - zitha kugawidwa ngati mawu amwano omwe amalimbikitsa ziwawa, koma ziwawa zopanda pake komanso kunyoza zimapitilira 'zoyankhula', ngakhale zikuwonetsa malingaliro a wotsogolera.
Kuopa kumbuyo kwa chikwangwani cha ufulu wa kulankhula kapena ufulu ndizosavomerezeka. Izi ndizokhudza 'ufulu' komanso 'ufulu' wopindula chifukwa chakuzunzidwa komanso kusalingana pakati pazachuma, palibenso china.
Chizindikiro chachisoni cha nthawi
Amuna ambiri omwe amachitira nkhanza akazi awo amazunza, mpaka 34-68% ya azimayi omwe anenapo zachiwawa zomwe amachita anzawo amawauza kuti akhumudwa. Kupanda pangozi kosapha ndichofunikira kwambiri pakupha mkazi ndi mnzake wapamtima.
Akazi ali kuthekera kowirikiza kasanu ndi kawiri kuphedwa kapena kuvulazidwa kwambiri potsatira kukwapulidwa poyerekeza ndi kumenyedwa kapena kuwopsezedwa. Poganizira izi, kutchuka kwa yomwe ndi imodzi mwanjira zoopsa kwambiri zomwe azimayi amachitiridwa monga chakudya cha maliseche kumasokoneza.
"... nkhawa yanga ndi chikhalidwe cha kuyimira njira yofunika kwambiri yozunza amuna kapena akazi anzawo ngati masewera achiwerewere" - Lumikizani
Ndi mtundu wankhanza womwe nthawi zambiri sukusiya umboni wowonekera, komabe "zotsatira zakuthupi Zitha kuphatikizira kumangidwa kwamtima, kupwetekedwa mtima, kupita padera, kusadziletsa, kusalankhula bwino, khunyu, ziwalo, ndi zina zovulala muubongo ” Ndiye kuti, ngati wozunzidwayo apulumuka.
Amuna, anyamata ndi masiku a Tinder ali nawo akazi opachika mpaka kufa kenaka adawadzudzula kuti "achiwerewere" adalakwitsa kuti mlandu wawo wakupha utsike. Amuna ambiri oterewa adalandira ziganizo zochepa, omasulidwa patadutsa zaka zingapo ali ndi machitidwe abwino (palibe akazi oti angakwiyire kundende, pambuyo pake).
Kuchuluka kulikonse kwa nkhanza zapabanja komanso zogonana, ngakhale nkhanza zakugonana, tsopano atha kunena kuti "amavomerezana" chifukwa amuna amatha kuloza zomwe amachita pa zolaula zomwe amakonda komanso omenyera kapena osatekeseka omwe amachitiridwa zachiwawa.
Kutaya magazi m'mimba mwa wovulalayo, kuphwanya kwa diso, mabala pankhope, ndi kupwetekedwa mtima mwamphamvu zitha kukhala "masewera" chabe a amuna omwe amazunza akazi mpaka kufa. Tinkakonda kunena kuti "amamufunsa" pogwiririra, tsopano tikuchita ndi kupha. (UK, osachepera, yatenga njira zotsutsana ndi "chitetezo" ichi).
Mtsikana wazaka 16 adzafunika chikwama cha colostomy kwa moyo wake wonse chifukwa chogonana pagulu, ndipo malo ena atolankhani amangolemba pano kutsanzira zolaula, "zodzivulaza". Mawu ongokhala. Amayi amagwiriridwa, kuvulazidwa kwambiri, ndi kuphedwa —ndani? Ndi ndani omwe ali chete, otetezedwa ndi gawo ili? Kutchulidwa kuti anyamata ndi / kapena amuna omwe adamuvulaza?
Tikufika pamlingo woti kugonana ndi kugwiririra, kugonana komanso nkhanza kwa amayi zikugwera mu lingaliro limodzi. Zithunzi zolaula tsopano ndi njira yolimbikitsira komanso kulimbikitsa misogyny pojambula, sizosangalatsa kukondwerera kugwiriridwa, kuzunzidwa, komanso kuchititsidwa manyazi ndi amuna.
Chiwawa chogonana komanso chinyengo
"Msinkhu wa ana wayamba kuchepa, ndipo zikuwonjezereka kuti anthu azingokhala ndi zolaula za ana, komanso zolaula za ana zomwe zimakhala zachiwawa." - Lumikizani
Gulu lomwe ladzipereka kuthana ndi nkhanza za ana silingagone ndi ana munjira zilizonse zofalitsa nkhani, kapenanso kuloleza kufalitsa zolaula za ana monga kusowa kwa kafukufuku kapena kutsimikizira.
Sitingathe kudzipereka ku kufanana, ufulu, kapena ulemu wofunikira, kwa azimayi omwe ali ndi china chilichonse kupatula pakamwa, ngati tikhala olekerera pakulola ndikulimbikitsa amuna kuti azisangalala ndi nkhanza komanso nkhanza za amayi. Palibe kulimbana ndi nkhanza zakugonana, kugwiririra, kapena nkhanza zapakhomo m'malo otere - zikufanana ndi kukhetsa nyanja ya Atlantic ndi supuni ya tiyi.
"… Ndichabwino komanso cholemekezeka '' kusewera ndi '' ndikulimbikitsa zochitika zamanyazi ndi nkhanza zomwe zimawopseza, kupundula, komanso kupha akazi tsiku lililonse?" - Lumikizani
Zosangalatsa zodziwika bwino pafupipafupi akuwonetsa zomwe amakonda pachibale, kulanda, (nthawi zina) kugwiririra koyerekeza, kugwiririra mwankhanza, komanso nkhanza zosayerekezeredwa ndi mawu achipongwe zimatumiza uthenga wolakwika, kunena pang'ono. Monga nkhani zowononga za amayi omwe amakana ndikuwoneka kuti akusangalala ndi kugwiriridwa.
Muli ndi chisankho
Zithunzi zolaula ndizochititsa manyazi komanso kunyoza azimayi. Ndi ntchito yochititsa manyazi. Sindikufuna kuyanjana nawo. Ingoyang'anani pazithunzizo. Ndikutanthauza, azimayi amanyazitsidwa ngati zinthu zolaula zogonana. Izi sizomwe anthu ali. Sindikuwona chilichonse choti ndikambirane. - Noam Chomsky
Ngati mwawerenga mpaka pano, mwakhala mukugwiritsa ntchito lingaliro loti zolaula zimangokhala zazaka zokha, ochita zodzipereka. Mwinanso mungaganizire ngati chilolezo chovulazidwa komanso kuchititsidwa manyazi ndikokwanira kutsimikizira kuvulaza kwakuthupi kapena kwamaganizidwe.
Mwina ndikadakutsimikiziraninso kuti zachiwerewere zolaula sizongopeka kwaomwe adachita, ndikuti ngakhale zolaula koma zosachita zachiwawa zimaika akazi pangozi. Poganizira izi, muli ndi chisankho. Mutha:
Dziyerekezere kuti zolaula zili ndi akazi omwe amakonda kuzunzidwa osati amuna omwe amakonda kuwonera akazi pokhala kuzunzidwa. Tetezani chikhumbo chanu chodya zinthu zomwe mukufuna kapena zachiwawa zomwe sizinayerekezeredwe ndikunyozedwa poyeserera kukhala wolimbikira ufulu wa amayi komanso ufulu wolankhula.
Kumamatira ku lingaliro lakuti kuvomereza ndalama kumapangitsa kuvulaza kapena kuvulaza kulikonse kuvomereza chikumbumtima chanu. Pewani machitidwe akujambula nkhanza ngati zosangalatsa. Koposa zonse, alephera kuganiza mozama kapena kuchita zamakhalidwe.
Dzimangeni nokha pachinyengo chokhazika mtima pansi kuti zisankho zimachitika mosalongosoka, kuti mbiri yakuzunzidwa, komanso chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe, komanso zachuma zomwe zimaika amayi pachiwopsezo sizikhala ndi chifukwa chomwe wina "angadziperekere" kuti amwe umuna kuchokera kwa iye rectum yake. (Kudzipereka kwa iwe wekha obwera mwa "kufuna" kodzichepetsera chifukwa cha zovuta ndi zovuta zina ndichifukwa chake manyazi "Imakhala ndi zotsatira zokhalitsa komanso zowopsa pamzimu ndi m'malingaliro ... kuposa kuzunzika kwakuthupi".)
Kuumirira matenda opatsirana pogonana, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (nthawi zambiri ngati njira yodutsira pamalo owonekera), komanso kuvulala komwe kumafala m'makampani ndizosafunikira - ndani amene amasamala ngati 'nyenyezi' ya kanema wa "anal anal" adaduka kapena kuphulika; amene amasamala ngati a wojambula wamwamuna Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo operewera kungayambitse chidwi?
Dzitsimikizireni nokha kuti nkhanza zomwe mumawonera "sizoyipa" chifukwa mayi yemwe adafunsa mafunso adakuwuzani momwe zidakhalira kuti mutenge ndalama, kuti mupitirize kugwira ntchito, ndikupewa kuzunzidwa ndi kunyozedwa ndi mafani ndi omwe mumawateteza za makampani. Simunamuwone akuwombera mobwerezabwereza kuti angonyalanyazidwa mu lolembedwa video, choncho zonse zomwe zidachitika ayenela akhala osasunthika mwangwiro.
Musanyalanyaze kuti mulibe njira yodziwira ndalama zolipirira batire zakugonana ngati munthu wamkulu atavala ngati mwana, kuchokera pakugwiriridwa kwa msungwana wobedwa. Dzitsimikizireni nokha kuti mutha kuwona kusiyana pakati pa kanema wa munthu yemwe, mwakuthupi ngati siwachuma, angamusiye ntchito kuchokera kwa mayi kapena mtsikana wobedwa yemwe sangathe. Ikani zidendene zanu, onetsetsani kuti kanema wa amateur wolemba 'Unknown' anali ndithudi zidakwezedwa ndi chilolezo cha onsewo, ndipo anali ndithudi kuvomerezana.
Musaiwale kuti makanema oti "achinyamata" komanso "achibale" amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi omwe amazunza kukonzekeretsa kapena kulangiza ozunzidwa. Amanyalanyaza dala kuti bizinesiyo ndi yolumikizidwa malonda a anthu.
Yerekezerani kuti mukuchita bwino mukamaonera zolaula omwe akupirira sizikhala "zotsogola" mofananamo pazolaula za ana, omwe ogwiritsa ntchito onse, mwa njira, amawonanso zolaula za achikulire.
Mouma khosi atolankhani alibe mphamvu pamalingaliro, ndikuti malingaliro ndi zikhulupiriro sizikhala ndi machitidwe. Yerekezerani kuti chiwonetserochi sichikulimbikitsa mwamakhalidwe, chomwe chimatha kuyambiranso ubongo ndikuwongolera zokonda zakugonana.
Musanyalanyaze kulemera kwa umboniwo. Dzitsimikizireni nokha kuti iwo omwe amaphunzira, kuthana nawo, kapena amene amakhala olakwira sakudziwa zomwe akukambirana akamanena za kulumikizana pakati pa amuna kuseweretsa maliseche kwenikweni nkhanza zakugonana komanso kufuna kutero kwenikweni kutenga nawo mbali mmenemo.
Ndipo potsiriza, mungasankhe kuthandizira mafakitale opanda umunthu omwe mankhwala ake ndi kuzunzidwa kwachinsinsi, kugwiritsira ntchito, kutsutsa ndi kuwononga anthu ena.
Kapenanso, mutha kuyika zabwino kwambiri paubwino ndi ulemu wa ena kuposa njira imodzi yokhayo. Ndicho onse muyenera kusiya, osati pogona, osati chakudya, osalumikizana ndi anthu, osadzikwaniritsa, osagonana, ngakhale maliseche. Sindingathe kutsimikizira kuti zolaula sizofunika kwenikweni.
Kusintha ndikotheka: kuwongolera ndi kuletsa
Udindo waumwini uli bwino komanso wabwino, koma ndizochepa kwambiri. Tili ndi mphamvu zoposa izo. Titha, ndipo takhala, tikuwongolera komanso kuletsa mafakitale athunthu omwe amatsata ndondomekoyi: wogwiritsa ntchito amalandira mankhwala osokoneza bongo mopweteketsa thanzi lawo kapena thanzi la ena.
Ku Australia, mabedi osalaza khungu adayang'aniridwa koyamba kuti achepetse kuvulaza, kenako adaletsedwa pomwe kuwopsa kwa thanzi la anthu kumaganiziridwa kukhala kosadziwika (komanso pomwe malamulo aboma adapereka malingaliro abodza achitetezo ndi kuvomerezedwa).
Zidachitika bwanji kwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kama? Adapeza ntchito ina, pomwe eni ake a solarium adapeza ntchito zina. Ochita zachiwerewere achikazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ntchito yomwe siidapitilira miyezi 6-18, ndipo ambiri amasiya atangowonekera koyamba. Ndi mafakitale omwe amatafuna anthu, kuwalavulira, ndikupitiliza kupindula ndi kuwazunza kwawo mpaka muyaya.
Momwemonso, ndudu amapangidwa kukhala okwera mtengo kwambiri komanso opangidwa ndi machenjezo okhudzana ndi thanzi. Makampani a fodya anali oletsedwa kulengeza, ngakhale mobisa, kwa ana, pomwe ogulitsa omwe amagulitsa ana osayang'ana chithunzi ID adalangidwa kwambiri. Kusuta kunali koletsedwa m'malo odyera, malo omwera mowa, ndi malo azisangalalo. Ndi anthu ochepa masiku ano omwe amaona kuti kusuta ndi kotsogola kapena kosavulaza, ndipo chifukwa chake, ndi ochepa omwe amasuta.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa njirayi sikunali kokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa mavuto, komanso zambiri zokhudzana ndi kukakamiza kophatikizira kwamakampani awiriwa. Zithunzi zolaula akuti ndiopanga ndalama za $ 6-15 biliyoni, pomwe kuzembetsa anthu amaganiza kuti kumapindulitsa kwambiri. Kuletsa, kapena kuyesa kuyendetsa bwino makampani omwe amateteza phindu lawo yayikulu sichinthu chophweka, komabe, sichinthu chosagonjetseka.
Zowona, nthawi zina pamakhala zotulukapo zosayembekezereka ku ziletso, monga anthu omwe amamwa mowa wa m'mafakitale ndikuchita khungu. Komabe, sindikuganiza kuti kufananiza ndi Kuletsa ndikoyenera; Apo kale pali gulu lalikulu la zigawenga lomwe limafotokoza za amuna (omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zolaula) omwe amakhala ndi chilakolako chogonana komanso kunyozedwa. Kodi njira ina ingagwirizane bwanji ndi kufunika?
(Monga pambali, ndichifukwa chiyani timalankhula pafupipafupi zolephera za Prohibition, ndipo osati azimayi ambiri omwe sanapulumutse kumenyedwa kwa amuna awo omwe adamwa munthawi imeneyi ya America?)
Ena mayankho
Ngati olemba zolaula amalembetsa mabizinesi awo ndi magawo awo amawebusayiti m'maiko omwe amalekerera azimayi, ndiye kuti zosefera zolaula zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito - osachepera, zosefera zaka.
A US, omwe amajambula zolaula zambiri, atha kuletsa yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mayiko ena momwe mchitidwe wogonana womwe ungasokoneze thanzi laomwe akuchita ndipo atha kuvulazidwa ndizosaloledwa, mosasamala kanthu za chilolezo cha ochita masewerawa. Izi sizimachotsa kuthekera kozunza anthu kwathunthu, koma zimachepetsa kuvulaza.
Momwemonso, kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kumatha kukhala kovomerezeka. Ngati izi zitha kuvulaza ochita zisudzo ndiye kuti mphukira imatha kufupikitsidwa kuti ipereke ndalama. Inde, ngakhale kulingalira kwakukulu kotereku kwa antchito kungadutse phindu la kampani yopanga.
Makampani opanga amatha kuwongolera kapena kutseka kwathunthu chifukwa chophwanya ufulu wa anthu. Makampani othandizira makanema amathanso kutsekedwa; makampani akuluakulu amakhadi angongole akhoza kukakamizidwa kuti athandize (monga PayPal anachita). Fans okha, amene amalola ana mosavuta Kuyika zolaula za ana papulatifomu yawo, akhoza kuyankha mlandu. Pornhub akhoza kuimbidwa mlandu. Pamenepo, nayi pempholi yomwe mungasaine.
"Kampani ikamapanga mamiliyoni kuti athandizire ndikufalitsa zolaula za ana, kugwiririra makanema ndikuwonjeza kuwonera, yankho silikanakhala lomveka bwino. Yakwana nthawi yoti atseke Pornhub ndikuwayimba mlandu chifukwa cha zowononga zomwe adachita "
- Lauren Hersh (Mtsogoleri Wadziko Lonse, Dziko Lopanda Ntchito)
Mmodzi sayenera kuthana ndi ndalama zochepa monga "kuwerenga zolaula" m'makalasi ngati kuti wamkulu wogula alibe nkhawa. Kusokeretsa ana kuti "zolaula sizowona" sizichita chilichonse kuti athane ndi zovuta zomwe ochita zolaula amachita, zimabisa.
Mbiri imadzibwereza yokha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pali chiyembekezo
Mofanana ndi momwe makampani opanga fodya amagwiritsira ntchito nikotini wambiri kuti akhalebe osokoneza bongo, ojambula zithunzi akupanga zinthu zowopsa kwambiri.
Monga makampani amakoka fodya, makampani opanga zolaula komanso omuthandizirawo amakana kuwonongeka mwachindunji komanso mosadziwika, kutcha umboniwo "osadziwika", "wosadziwika", kapena "wotsutsana", kwinaku akunyalanyaza umboni wochuluka.
Zimphona zomwe zimadya mwachangu zimathandizira ana masewera othamanga, Pornhub atha kusintha ntchito zawo zachifundo, zokometsera ukoma kuntchito yogulitsa anthu kuti ayeretse chithunzi chake - kapena ikanakhala pamphuno?
Potsirizira pake, nsembe yoyamba yamtendere idzabwera, mwa machitidwe ofooka mwakufuna kwanu. Mwina zolaula "zopanda nkhanza" kapena "zachikazi" ndiye mtundu wawo wa ndudu yotsika kwambiri?
Ngati mukuganiza zolaula-zachikazi sadzakhala otengeka ndi ndalama, okonda amuna, komanso ozunza anzawo ngati ena onse azosangalatsa omwe ndi achinyengo kwa inu. Mukafunsidwa momwe zolaula zingasinthire, Noam Chomsky anayerekezera funsoli ndi kupusa kwa "kukonza" m'malo mothetsa nkhanza za ana.
Ngati atachitidwa mozizwitsa, zolaula zomwe sizopanda chiwawa, zaka ndi kuvomereza zitha kukhala kusintha, koma mpaka liti mpaka ojambula zithunzi atakankhira ma envulopu, olanditsa alendo kuti achotse zoletsa, ndipo tabwerera pomwe tidayambira? Kumbukiraninso kuti zolaula zosalimbikitsa zachiwerewere zimalimbikitsanso kuyanjana ndi matupi azimayi, ndipo chifukwa chake zimachepetsa nkhanza zakugonana.
Chinthu chimodzi ndichachidziwikire, titha kukhala m'malo osuta fodya m'ma 1950 ndi Joe Camel tikuphulika utsi pankhope pathu. (Mukudziwa, asanapume pantchito ndikulankhula zotsutsana ndi mafakitale.)
Ndipo komabe, pali chiyembekezo!
Nkhani yayitali, sichoncho? Komabe ndiye nsonga ya madzi oundana, sindinapite patali mwachangu ngati chithunzi cha thupi, ndipo ndimangokambirana zakugonana osati kusankhana mitundu.
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