Zidule zotsatirazi zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi chizolowezi chogonana zidatengedwa kuchokera ku Msonkhano Wachitatu Wapadziko Lonse Wokhudza Zizolowezi Zogonana pa Marichi 14–16, 2016 , ndi Msonkhano Wachinayi Wapadziko Lonse Wokhudza Zizolowezi Zogonana pa February 20-22, 2017. Zidule zambiri zomwe zaperekedwa pamapeto pake zimasindikizidwa m'magazini owunikidwa ndi anzawo.
Kuwonetsa zolaula pa intaneti: Zojambula zamakono, machitidwe a khalidwe, ndi zofufuza zamaganizo
MATTHIAS BRAND
University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
Chiyambi ndi zolinga: Kusuta zolaula pa intaneti (IPA) kumaonedwa ngati mtundu umodzi wa chizolowezi cha intaneti. Kuchokera ku kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndizodziwika bwino kuti chizolowezichi chingawonedwe ngati kusintha kuchoka pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mwaufulu kupita ku zizolowezi zofunafuna mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi kusintha kuchoka pa prefrontal cortical kupita ku striatal control pa kufunafuna ndi kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Everitt & Robbins, 2015).
Njira: Malingaliro awa asinthidwa posachedwapa kukhala chizolowezi cha pa intaneti, ndipo IPA mwachindunji. Mwachitsanzo, m'mabotolo awiri ofalitsidwa posachedwa okhudza chizolowezi cha pa intaneti (Brand et al., 2014) komanso makamaka pa Internet Gaming Disorder (Dong & Potenza, 2014), njira zodziwira ndi mayankho amalingaliro pazinthu zinazake zokhudzana ndi intaneti zimaonedwa kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukula ndi kusunga khalidwe loledzera. Mabotolo awa amafufuzidwa potengera PA.
Zotsatira: Deta ya khalidwe imachirikiza lingaliro la chiphunzitso losonyeza kuti kuyanjana kwa cue ndi chilakolako zitha kuwonetsedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi IPA. Komanso, kuchepetsa mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa kulamulira koletsa pamene akukumana ndi zinthu zolaula kumawonjezera mwayi wotaya ulamuliro pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Zomwe zapezeka mu neuroimaging zimasonyeza kuti ubongo umagwirizana ndi IPA, zomwe zimafanana ndi zomwe zanenedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi Internet Gaming Disorder ndi zizolowezi zina zamakhalidwe komanso kudalira mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Makamaka ventral striatum, dera lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuyembekezera mphotho, limayankha kukangana ndi zinthu zolaula zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi IPA amakumana nazo.
Mapeto: Zomwe zapezeka zikusonyeza kuti IPA ndi mtundu wina wa chizolowezi cha pa intaneti, chomwe chikufanana ndi Internet Gaming Disorder ndi mitundu ina ya chizolowezi cha khalidwe.
Kulimbikitsana ndi chikhalidwe chokhwima pamakhalidwe okhudzana ndi kugonana
VALERIE VOON
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Zizoloŵezi zakugonana (CSB) kapena chizoloŵezi chogonana zimakhala zobisika ndipo zingagwirizanitsidwe ndi zovuta. Makhalidwe amapezeka mwa anthu ambiri pa 2-4% ndipo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala a dopaminergic omwe amachiritsira matenda a Parkinson pafupipafupi a 3.5%. Phunziro lachangu, kugonana ndikumayenderana ndi njira za dopaminergic. Nkhaniyi idzayang'ana pa umboni wothandizira gawo lolimbikitsana mfundo zolimbikitsa. CSB imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwonjezereka kuyanjanitsa kugonana kwa neural network yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi maphunziro a mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amadziwika bwino ndi "kufuna" komwe kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwirizanitsidwa kwa makanemawa. Zogonana zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukondana koyambirira komwe kumakhudzana ndi chilakolako chachikulu cha zizindikiro zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potsatsa zogonana. Kulumikizana kwapadera kwa intanetiyi kumachepetsedwa pa mpumulo ndipo kunakhudzidwa ndi zilembo zovutika maganizo. CSB imagwirizananso ndi zokonda kwambiri za zithunzi zogonana zokhudzana ndi kugonana komwe kumapangidwira kuti anthu azikhala ndi chizoloŵezi chogonana. Zomwe zapezazi zimalimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi kulimbikitsana maganizo ndi zolakwika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito moledzeretsa ndikugogomezera ntchito yopezera chizoloŵezi cha chizoloŵezi chogonana chomwe chingakhale chosiyana ndi zinthu zogonana pa intaneti
Kusiyana kwa kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi pa chizolowezi chogonana - Maganizo ndi chikhalidwe
RONIT ARGAMAN
Pulogalamu ya MSW Argaman Tel Aviv, Israel
Maziko ndi zolinga: Malinga ndi ofufuza ndi akatswiri azachipatala padziko lonse lapansi, kufalikira kwa chizolowezi chogonana ku United States kuli pakati pa 3–8%. Chidziwitso cha anthu pa vutoli m'zaka za m'ma 70 ndi 80, makamaka kwa amuna omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chogonana komanso nthano zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chogonana, chikuwonetsa kuti ndi vuto la amuna. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, pali kuzindikira kwakukulu kuti akazi nawonso amavutika ndi chizolowezi chogonana komanso chikondi, ndipo pali kufunika kosintha chithandizo. Komabe, malingaliro a anthu okhudzana ndi khalidwe la kugonana la amuna ndi akazi ambiri komanso kugonana kwambiri (kawirikawiri) amaletsa akazi ambiri kuti asapemphe thandizo. Ngakhale tingapeze kufanana kwa chizolowezi chogonana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, palinso kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kungakhudze zosowa zapadera zachipatala za akazi. Kusiyana kwa malingaliro a ubale wachikondi ndi kugonana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Kuvuta kufotokoza vutoli ndi mkaziyo mwiniwake kapena ndi akatswiri azachipatala. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya machitidwe ogonana ndi chifukwa chake - ndi amuna machitidwe ogonana amayang'ana kwambiri pa kusiyanitsa malingaliro ndi malingaliro (kulimbikitsa kugonana), pomwe akazi amayang'ana kwambiri pa kudzikonda ndi kudziona ngati ofunikira (ubale wolimbikitsa kugonana). Zotsatira zoopsa za khalidwe la kugonana kwa akazi, zachipatala (STI / STD, mimba yosafunikira), zamaganizo (kunyozedwa, manyazi), kugwiriridwa ndi nkhanza zogonana. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za kusiyana kwa amuna ndi akazi m'malingaliro a anthu komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso momwe amachiritsira.
Kufufuza Njira Yothetsera Vuto Achinyamata otchova njuga m'magulu oterewa
ERIN B. COOPER, RORY C. REID
University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, US
Mbiri ndi zolinga: Ngakhale kuti pakhala kuwonjezeka kwa kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi khalidwe la kugonana mopitirira muyeso m'zaka khumi zapitazi, pali ntchito yochepa yowunikira chifukwa chake, zoopsa, kapena njira zomwe zingatheke zomwe zingayambire kugonana mopitirira muyeso.
Njira: Tinafufuza deta ya NEO-Personality Inventory kuchokera ku DSM-5 Field Trial for Hypersexual Disorder pakati pa amuna (N = 254) omwe adawerengedwa kuti akukwaniritsa malire.
Zotsatira: Tinaganizira magulu atatu obisika a odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kutchova juga kutengera njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la kutchova juga. Detayo idafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito Kusanthula Kwakalasi Yobisika (LCA) ndi mitundu ina poyerekeza ndi magulu obisika omwe adaganiziridwa. Chitsanzo cha magulu atatuwa chidathandizidwa ndi mbali za umunthu zomwe zimafanana ndi njira zomwe zimaganiziridwa pakati pa otchova juga omwe ali ndi vuto.
Pomaliza: Iyi ndi kafukufuku woyamba kuyerekeza njira zomwe anthu otchova juga amachita ndi odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kugonana kwambiri. Kufanana kwa deta pakati pa khalidwe la kugonana kwambiri ndi vuto la kutchova juga kukusonyeza kuti machitidwe awiriwa a makhalidwe osalamulirika akhoza kukhala ndi njira zofanana pakukula kwawo.
Njira imodzi kapena yambiri ya Neural ya Mavuto Zolaula Gwiritsani ntchito?
MATEUSZ GOLA
University of California San Diego, ku San Diego, ku USA Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
Maziko ndi zolinga: Madokotala ndi ofufuza nthawi zambiri amakayikira momwe angaganizire kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta (PPU). Magawo awiri omwe amakambidwa kwambiri ndi chizolowezi chochita zinthu mopitirira muyeso komanso kukakamiza. Kafukufuku wa sayansi ya ubongo pakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi machitidwe okakamiza kugonana (CSB) akuwonetsa kukhudzidwa kwakukulu kwa magawo a mphotho ya ubongo m'mikhalidwe yotereyi komanso kufanana ndi machitidwe ena okhudzana ndi chizolowezi. Komabe, zomwe zapezeka kuchipatala ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa pa machitidwe oopsa okhudzana ndi kugonana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mowa mopitirira muyeso zikuwonetsa kuti kusokonezeka kwa magawo a mphotho si njira yokhayo yomwe ingayambitse machitidwe ovuta. Chifukwa cha zomwe zapezeka posachedwapa, machitidwe osokoneza bongo amatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa machitidwe obwezera mphotho chifukwa cha zizindikiro za chilakolako kapena kuwonjezeka kwa kuwopseza kwa amygdala.
Njira: Apa tikupereka maphunziro athu okhudza chithandizo cha paroxetine cha PPU ndi udindo wa amygdale threat-reactivity mu vutoli.
Zotsatira ndi Mapeto: Tikambirana tanthauzo la zomwe zapezekazi pa chithandizo cha PPU ndi CSB komanso malangizo a kafukufuku wamtsogolo wa neuroscience.
Kubwereza pa Pharmacotherapy ndi Kulamulira Khalidwe la Hypersexual
FARSHAD HASHEMIAN, ELNAZ ROOHI
University of Azad University, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Mbiri ndi zolinga: Pakhala chidwi chowonjezeka pa nkhani ya mankhwala okhudza matenda a kugonana m'zaka zaposachedwa. Ma mahomoni osiyanasiyana, ma neurotransmitters, ma receptor, ndi madera a ubongo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi chilakolako chogonana apezekabe. Komabe, pakadalibe kumvetsetsa kosakwanira kwa neurobiology ya khalidwe la hypersexual. Mankhwala osiyanasiyana anenedwa kuti amachepetsa khalidwe la kugonana. Cholinga cha nkhaniyi chinali kuwunikanso mankhwala omwe alipo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi khalidwe la hypersexual. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yogwirira ntchito, mlingo, ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala omwe alipo adakambidwa. Mankhwala atsopano omwe amayesedwa kuchipatala adatchulidwanso.
Njira: Kafukufuku adapezeka pofufuza m'ma database apakompyuta a Medline, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ndi Clinical Trial Registers. Maphunziro onse oyenerera omwe amafufuza momwe mankhwala amathandizira komanso chitetezo cha odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la hypersexual omwe adachitika pakati pa 2000 ndi 2015 adaphatikizidwa m'nkhaniyi.
Zotsatira: Mankhwala omwe alipo panopa akuphatikizapo Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Antiandrogens, ndi Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri akuti ndi SSRIs. Komabe, mankhwala oletsa androgens akuti amachepetsa chilakolako chogonana ndipo ali ndi mphamvu zofanana ndi mankhwala ochizira matenda amisala. Mankhwala oletsa androgens omwe amatulutsa gonadotropin akuti ndi njira zothandizira odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la hypersexual.
Mapeto: Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophatikizika ndi mankhwala ochizira matenda amisala ndi amisala akulimbikitsidwa. Pali mipata yodziwa zambiri zokhudza mankhwala ochizira matenda a hypersexual. Kupanga mankhwala othandiza kwambiri komanso otetezeka ndikofunikira.
Njira Yopanikizika Yopanikizika Yogwirizana ndi Matenda a Hypersexual In Men
JUSSI JOKINEN, ANDREAS CHATZITTOFIS, JONAS HALLBERG, PETER NORDSTRÖM,
KATARINA ÖBERG, STEFAN ARVER
Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Maziko ndi zolinga: Matenda a hypersexual amaphatikiza zinthu monga kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana, chizolowezi chogonana, kusafuna kuchita chilichonse, komanso kukakamiza. Komabe, palibe zambiri zomwe zimadziwika za neurobiology yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa matendawa. Kusokonekera kwa hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA) axis kwawonetsedwa m'matenda amisala koma sikunafufuzidwe mu matenda a hypersexual. Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kufufuza momwe HPA axis imagwirira ntchito mwa amuna omwe ali ndi matenda a hypersexual.
Njira: Kafukufukuyu akuphatikizapo odwala amuna 67 omwe ali ndi vuto la hypersexual ndi amuna 39 athanzi odzipereka. Chiyerekezo cha Sexual Compulsive Scale (SCS), Hypersexual Disorder Current Assessment Scale (HD:CAS), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Scale-Self Rating (MADRS-S) ndi Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), zidagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa khalidwe la hypersexual, kuopsa kwa kupsinjika maganizo, komanso mavuto a m'moyo wachinyamata. Mayeso a cortisol ndi ACTH m'magazi a m'mawa adayesedwa ndipo mayeso otsika a dexamethasone (0.5mg) adachitidwa ndi cortisol ndipo ACTH idayesedwa pambuyo pa dexamethasone. Mkhalidwe wosaponderezedwa unafotokozedwa ndi milingo ya DST-cortisol _138nmol/l.
Zotsatira: Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la hypersexual anali ndi DST yosapondereza kwambiri ndipo anali ndi DST-ACTH yochuluka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi odzipereka athanzi. Odwalawo adanenanso kuti ana awo anali ndi zizindikiro zambiri za kuvulala ndi kuvutika maganizo poyerekeza ndi odzipereka athanzi. Ziwerengero za CTQ zinawonetsa mgwirizano woipa kwambiri ndi DST-ACTH pomwe zigoli za SCS ndi HD: CAS zinawonetsa mgwirizano woipa ndi cortisol yoyambira mwa odwala. Kuzindikira matenda a hypersexual kunagwirizana kwambiri ndi DST yosapondereza komanso DST-ACTH yokwera m'magazi ngakhale atasinthidwa kuti agwirizane ndi kuvulala kwa ana. Kusanthula kwa sensitivity komwe sikunasinthe odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a comorbid depression sikunasinthe zotsatira zake.
Mapeto: Zotsatirazi zikusonyeza kuti HPA axis dysregulation mwa amuna omwe ali ndi vuto la hypersexual. Tikambirana zomwe zapezekazi ndi kafukufuku wamtsogolo pa zizindikiro za neurobiological za hypersexual disorder.
Kuperewera: Zochitika m'zipatala za amuna omwe akukhudzidwa ndi chithandizo chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula
SHANE W. KRAUS, STEVE MARTINO, MARC POTENZA
Vesi lachipatala cha Connecticut, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
Mbiri ndi zolinga: Kafukufuku waposachedwapa adafufuza kufalikira kwa, ndi zinthu zokhudzana ndi chidwi cha amuna chofuna chithandizo chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula.
Njira: Pogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, tinalemba amuna 1298 ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuti amalize mafunso ofufuza makhalidwe a anthu ndi kugonana, kugonana kwa anthu ambiri, makhalidwe a zolaula, komanso chidwi chomwe chilipo pakufuna chithandizo chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula.
Zotsatira: Pafupifupi amuna 14% anasonyeza chidwi chofuna chithandizo chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Amuna omwe anali ndi chidwi ndi chithandizo anali ndi mwayi woposa 9.5 wonena za kuchuluka kwa kugonana kosayenera poyerekeza ndi amuna omwe analibe chidwi ndi chithandizo. Kufufuza kwa anthu awiri kunapezanso kuti amuna omwe anali ndi chidwi ndi chithandizo anali ndi mwayi wochepa wokwatira/kukwatirana, koma ankaonera zolaula zambiri mlungu uliwonse, ankadziseweretsa maliseche pafupipafupi, ndipo anali ndi nthawi yambiri yoyesera kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula poyerekeza ndi amuna omwe analibe chidwi ndi chithandizo. Kusanthula kwa regression kunapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula tsiku ndi tsiku, kuyesera kawirikawiri kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso zigoli pa Hypersexual Behavior Inventory Control subscale zinali zolosera za mkhalidwe wofunafuna chithandizo.
Mapeto: Zomwe zapezeka pa kafukufukuyu zingathandize kupanga njira zowunikira zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuzindikira mbali zinazake za kudziletsa kugonana (monga "kutayika kwa ulamuliro"), kulakalaka, ndi / kapena kukakamizidwa komwe kumakhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso / zovuta pakati pa anthu ofuna chithandizo.
Maonekedwe Odziwika Okhudzana ndi Chilakolako Chosakanikirana Kusiyanitsa Ubale pakati pa Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito ndi Kugonana
SHANE W. KRAUS, STEVE MARTINO, JOHN ANDREW STURGEON, ARIEL KOR, MARC N. POTENZA
Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut USA
Chiyambi ndi zolinga: Kafukufuku waposachedwapa adafufuza udindo wa mitundu iwiri ya "chikondi chokonda" pa ubale wa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi chilakolako chogonana. Chilakolako chogwirizana chimatanthauza pamene khalidwe la munthu logonana likugwirizana ndi madera ena a moyo wake. Chilakolako chokonda kwambiri chimatanthauza "chilakolako chosalamulirika" chochita zogonana zomwe zimayambitsa kusamvana ndi madera ena a moyo wa munthu ndikupangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi mavuto.
Njira: Pogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, tinalemba amuna 265 aku yunivesite kuti amalize mafunso ofufuza kuchuluka kwa anthu, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, kukonda kwambiri zolaula komanso kukakamiza kugonana (kosagwirizana ndi zolaula). Ubale pakati pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zophunzirira unafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwa kapangidwe ka njira.
Zotsatira: Kuyesa kwa chilakolako chogwirizana kunapezeka kuti kumathandizira kwambiri, ngakhale pang'ono, ubale pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula za sabata iliyonse ndi kuyesedwa kwa chilakolako chogonana. Kuyesa kwa chilakolako chofuna kudziwa zambiri kunapezeka kuti kumathandizira mokwanira ubale pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula za sabata iliyonse ndi kuyesedwa kwa chilakolako chofuna kudziwa zambiri. Pamene chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha anthu awiri chinagwiritsidwa ntchito, chilakolako chofuna kudziwa zambiri chokhacho chinali chodziwikiratu cha chilakolako chofuna kudziwa zambiri. Ubale pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula za sabata iliyonse ndi kuyesedwa kwa chilakolako chofuna kudziwa zambiri unafotokozedwa mokwanira ndi kuyesedwa kwa chilakolako chofuna kudziwa zambiri, pomwe chilakolako chogwirizana sichinapezeke kuti chikuthandizira kuyesedwa kwa chilakolako chofuna kudziwa zambiri, kuposa momwe chilakolako chofuna kudziwa zambiri chimakhudzira.
Mapeto: Zomwe zapezeka kuti chilakolako chofuna kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso, koma osati chilakolako chogwirizana, zimagwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi chilakolako chofuna kugonana zikusonyeza kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chilakolako chofuna kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso ingakhale cholinga cha chitukuko cha chithandizo chochepetsa ndi kuthetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta kapena machitidwe ena okakamiza kugonana.
Kodi mumatha kuona zolaula? Udindo wokhudzana ndi khalidwe lachiwerewere pa Intaneti
MKHRISTU WACHIKHRISTU, MARCO BÄUMER, MATTHIAS BRAND
University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
Chiyambi ndi zolinga: Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti mwachisawawa kumaonedwa ngati chizolowezi chapadera cha intaneti (Young, 2008). Mu chitsanzo chaposachedwa cha chizolowezi cha zolaula pa intaneti (IPA), kulimbikitsa kwabwino ndi koipa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kunaganiziridwa kuti ndi njira zofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa IPA (Laier & Brand, 2014). Kafukufukuyu akufufuza kusintha kwa malingaliro chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti mogwirizana ndi zizolowezi za IPA.
Njira: Amuna omwe adatenga nawo mbali (N = 39) adafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku wa pa intaneti wokhala ndi magawo awiri: Mu kuwunika koyamba, chidziwitso cha anthu, zizolowezi za IPA, zolaula za pa intaneti zimagwiritsa ntchito chilimbikitso, ndi malingaliro onse adawunikidwa. Mu kuwunika kwachiwiri, ophunzira adafunsidwa kuti awonetse chilakolako chawo chogonana komanso momwe akumvera asanayambe komanso atagwiritsa ntchito zolaula za pa intaneti kunyumba mwakufuna kwawo.
Zotsatira: Zotsatira zake zasonyeza kuti zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi IPA zinkakhudzana ndi kupewa maganizo ndi kufunafuna chisangalalo chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti, koma osati ndi malingaliro wamba. Kuphatikiza apo, zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi IPA zinkagwirizana ndi mantha asanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti. Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kunapangitsa kuti chilakolako chogonana chichepe, maganizo abwino, komanso mantha achepe.
Mapeto: Zomwe zapezekazi zasonyeza kuti zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi IPA zinali zokhudzana ndi zolaula za pa intaneti zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito chilimbikitso kuti zipeze chisangalalo ndikuthana ndi malingaliro okhumudwitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, IPA idalumikizidwa ndi malingaliro okhumudwitsa asanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula za pa intaneti mwaufulu. Pamodzi ndi kuwona kuti zolaula za pa intaneti zimagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro osintha, zotsatira zake zikuthandizira malingaliro oganiza kuti kupatula kukhutira, kulimbikitsanso koyipa kumachita gawo lofunikira pakukula kwa IPA.
Kodi chiwerewere ndi chiyani? Kufufuzidwa kwa Njira Zamaganizo mwa Amuna omwe Amagonana ndi Amuna
MICHAEL H. MINER1, ANGUS MACDONALD, III2, ERICK JANSSEN3, REBECCA SWINBURNE ROMINE4,
ELI COLEMAN NDI NANCY RAYMOND5
1Uzikulu za Sukulu ya Zamankhwala ya Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
2Uzinthu za Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
3KU Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
4Uzinthu za Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
5Uzikulu za Sukulu ya Zamankhwala ya Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Mbiri ndi Zolinga: Chotsutsa chachikulu cha kugonana kopitirira muyeso kwakhala kusowa kwa chithandizo cha umboni pa malingaliro aliwonse omwe aperekedwa kuti afotokoze izi. Kafukufukuyu adapangidwa kuti afufuze zinthu za umunthu, malingaliro, ndi zamaganizo zomwe olemba ambiri adaganiza kuti ndizo zimayambitsa kugonana kopitirira muyeso.
Njira: Omwe adatenga nawo mbali anali amuna 243 omwe amagonana ndi amuna omwe adalembedwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito malo apaintaneti komanso ammudzi, mapulogalamu, komanso mauthenga apakamwa. Omwe adatenga nawo mbali ayenera kuti adagonana ndi mwamuna m'masiku 90 apitawa, alibe zizindikiro za matenda aakulu amisala kapena vuto la kuzindikira, komanso akhale ndi zaka zosachepera 18. Omwe adatenga nawo mbali adapatsidwa gulu la matenda opatsirana pogonana kapena gulu loyerekeza kutengera kuyankhulana kwa mtundu wa SCID. Deta idaphatikizapo ntchito zitatu zamaganizo, mafunso odzilemba okha pakompyuta, komanso kuwunika kwa psychophysiological kwa chilakolako chogonana pambuyo poyambitsa malingaliro.
Zotsatira: Zotsatira zinasonyeza kusiyana kwa magulu pa umunthu, kudziletsa pa khalidwe la kugonana, ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi chilakolako chogonana ndi maloto. Kudziletsa pa khalidwe la kugonana kunali kogwirizana ndi kusangalala ndi kugonana komanso kudziletsa pa kugonana, koma osati kusangalala ndi khalidwe kapena kudziletsa pa khalidwe. Ochita nawo kafukufuku wokhudza kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha anasonyeza kusangalala pang'ono pa nthawi ya opaleshoni ya labotale, koma sanasonyeze kusiyana pa kusangalala ndi chilakolako chifukwa cha zotsatira zoipa.
Mapeto: Tapeza kuti ngakhale kugonana kwambiri kumakhudzana ndi zinthu zambiri za umunthu, kusowa kwa ulamuliro pa khalidwe la kugonana kumawoneka kuti kumakhudzana ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu ayambe kugonana komanso zinthu zomwe zimalepheretsa khalidwe lake osati machitidwe oletsa khalidwe lake. Kuphatikiza apo, deta yathu ikusemphana ndi nkhani yakuti kodi kugonana kwambiri kungafotokozedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa chilakolako/chisangalalo chogonana.
Kusiyanitsa pakati pa anthu ovuta kugonana ndi osagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zolaula pa Intaneti: Udindo wa kukondweretsa kugonana ndi khalidwe lachiwerewere
JARO PEKAL, LAIER WA CHIKRISTU, MATTHIAS BRAND
University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
Maziko ndi Zolinga: Kugawika kwa chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti (IPA) kukukambidwabe mkangano. Olemba ena amaona kuti IPA ndi mtundu umodzi wa chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti (Brand et al., 2014). Mwachidziwitso, chizolowezi chokonda kugonana komanso khalidwe lokonda kugonana kwambiri ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti IPA ikule bwino. Mu kafukufuku waposachedwa, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti omwe ali ndi mavuto komanso athanzi adayerekezeredwa pankhani yokhudzana ndi chilakolako chogonana komanso chilakolako chogonana kwambiri.
Njira: Kuchokera mu chitsanzo cha amuna onse N = 274, magulu awiri (onse n = 25) okhala ndi ogwiritsa ntchito IP athanzi komanso ovuta adachotsedwa ex post facto pogwiritsa ntchito njira yayifupi ya Internet Addiction Test yosinthidwa ya cybersex yomwe imayesa zizolowezi za IPA. Maguluwa adayerekezeredwa malinga ndi malipoti awo okhudza kusangalala ndi kugonana (Sexual Excitation Scale) ndi khalidwe la hypersexual (Hypersexual Behavior Inventory).
Zotsatira: Zotsatirazi zasonyeza kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito IP omwe ali ndi vuto ndi omwe alibe vuto pankhani ya chilakolako chogonana komanso khalidwe logonana kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ogwiritsa ntchito IP omwe ali ndi vuto adalemba zigoli zapamwamba kwambiri pa sikelo zonse ziwiri. Palibe kusiyana komwe kudapezeka paziletso zogonana.
Kukambirana ndi Zomaliza : Ponseponse, zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kufunika kwa malingaliro enieni pakupanga ndi kusunga IPA ndikulimbitsa chitsanzo cha chiphunzitso chomwe chapangidwira chizolowezi cha intaneti. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira zake zimathandizira lingaliro la kukhutitsidwa (Young, 2004), pomwe kuyembekezera ndi kulandira chilakolako chogonana kungawoneke ngati chinthu chachikulu pakupanga IPA. Kuti muwunikenso chitsanzo cha chiphunzitso cha Brand ndi anzake, zinthu zina zofunika monga njira zothanirana ndi mavuto komanso kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zamaganizo ziyenera kuyesedwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito IP omwe ali ndi mavuto komanso omwe alibe mavuto.
Kupititsa Kumvetsetsa za Matenda Osiyana-siyana a DSM-5: Kufanizitsa kugonana ndi kugonana kwachinyamata
RORY C. REID, JON GRANT, MARC POTENZA
University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Chikhalidwe ndi Zolinga: Zaka khumi zapitazi zawonjezeka mu kafufuzidwe kafukufuku wokhudza khalidwe lachiwerewere komanso kutchova njuga. Zomwe zimadziwika ngati zizoloŵezi zokhudzana ndi khalidwe labwino, sizinapangidwe kuti zifufuze zofanana pakati pa machitidwe osiyanasiyana a khalidwe loletsa. Maphunziro a kafukufuku wamakono omwe akupezeka akufanizira zizindikiro za vuto lakutchova njuga ndi njira zoyenera zogwiritsira ntchito matenda a hypersexual DSM-5.
Njira: Mavoti odzifunsa okha omwe amadziwika bwino omwe amachititsa kuti azikhala ndi nkhawa, amavutika maganizo, komanso amatsata magulu osiyanasiyana ochizira odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lakutchova njuga (n = 77) kapena zochitika pamsonkhano wa DSM-5 hypersexual (n = 74 ).
Zotsatira: Ziwerengero za Multivariate zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufufuza kusiyana kwa gulu pakati pa mitundu yowerengera. Magulu onse awiriwa anali ndi zofanana ndi zochitika zonse ndipo magulu awiriwa anali ndipamwamba kwambiri kuposa omwe anapezeka m'magulu a norming kuti apangidwe ndi maganizo ake. Kufufuza kwa kukula kwake kunathandizanso kuti pakhale kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa magulu.
Zomwe Zingatheke: Ngakhale kuti kumvetsa zokhudzana ndi matendawa kumapitirizabe kusintha, vuto lalikulu lomwe limapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi makhalidwe olakwikawa akhoza kukhala ofanana. Zotsatira izi zimasonyeza kuti vuto la juga ndi odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana angayambe kuchita zinthu zosavomerezeka pazifukwa zomwezo komanso kuti njira zomwe zikuwongolera kupsinjika maganizo, kukhudzidwa, ndi malamulo amalingaliro angayambitse anthu onse.
Kuwonetsa zolaula pa Intaneti pafupipafupi ndi zithunzi zolaula pazitsanzo za anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Intaneti pogonana ndi amuna ndi akazi
JAN SNAGOWSKI, JARO PEKAL, LYDIA HARBARTH, LAIER WACHIKRISTU, MATTHIAS BRAND
University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
Mbiri ndi zolinga: Kafukufuku wokhudza chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti (IPA) monga njira ina yogwiritsira ntchito chizolowezi cha intaneti wakhala akuchulukirachulukira m'zaka zapitazi. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kufanana kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komwe kukondera chidwi kumaonedwa ngati njira yofunika kwambiri pakukonda chizolowezi. Kafukufuku woyambira adafufuza ubale pakati pa kukondera chidwi ndi zizolowezi za IPA mwa chitsanzo cha amuna ndi akazi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse pa intaneti.
Njira: Mu kafukufukuyu, amuna (n = 60) ndi akazi (n = 60) omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse pa intaneti pogonana adamaliza pulogalamu ya Addiction Stroop (Bruce & Jones, 2004) ndi Visual Probe Task (Mogg et al., 2003), zomwe zidasinthidwa ndi zithunzi zolaula. Kufunafuna chilakolako chogonana komanso zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi IPA zidayesedwa ndi mafunso.
Zotsatira: Zotsatirazi zikusonyeza kuti amuna omwe adatenga nawo mbali anali ndi zigoli zambiri pankhani ya tsankho, kufunafuna chilakolako chogonana, komanso zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi IPA. Komabe, kusanthula kocheperako kwa regression sikunawonetse kuyanjana kulikonse kwakukulu pakati pa kugonana ndi tsankho pa zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi IPA.
Mapeto: Ponseponse, zotsatira zikusonyeza kusiyana kwa amuna ndi akazi ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti pankhani ya mphamvu ya chidwi cha zithunzi zolaula komanso zizolowezi za IPA. Izi zikulimbitsa lingaliro lakuti IPA ikhoza kukhala yofala kwambiri mwa amuna, pomwe zigoli zapamwamba za chidwi zitha kutchulidwa kuti amuna amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zolaula. Komabe, zomwe tapeza zikusonyeza kuti chidwi cha zithunzi zolaula chingakhale njira yofunika kwambiri kwa amuna ndi akazi popanga ndikusunga IPA.
Pezani zotsutsana ndi zolaula zakugonana komanso zofuna zogonana
RUDOLF STARK, TIM KLUCKEN, JAN SNAGOWSKI, SINA WEHRUM-OSINSKY
Yunivesite ya Justus Liebig, Gießen, Germany
Chiyambi ndi zolinga: Zinthu zogonana zoonekeratu zimakopa chidwi. Komabe, funso loti ngati khalidwe la kugonana limakhudza tsankho la chidwi likadali kukambidwabe.
Njira: Mu kafukufukuyu tikugwiritsa ntchito ntchito yosangalatsa poyesa tsankho pa njira ndi machitidwe opewera mwa akazi ndi amuna. Anthu omwe adafunsidwawo adayenera kukoka kapena kukankhira joystick kuti achepetse kapena kukulitsa zithunzi zabwino, zoyipa kapena zowonekera bwino zogonana. Zinkaganiziridwa kuti nthawi zomwe zimachitika zimasiyana malinga ndi komwe mayendedwe akuyendera (njira kapena kuchoka) komanso kufunika kwa malingaliro a zithunzizo, zomwe zimapangitsa tsankho linalake. Kuphatikiza apo, tinayesa chilimbikitso cha kugonana, kapangidwe ka maganizo kokhudzana ndi chilakolako chogonana, pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso.
Zotsatira: Kusanthula koyamba kunawonetsa kuti tsankho pa zolimbikitsa kugonana zomwe zimayesedwa ndi njira yoyesera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito inali yochepa ndipo ubale ndi chilimbikitso cha kugonana kwa khalidwe sunali wofunikira kwambiri.
Kukambirana: Zotsatira zake zidzaperekedwa mwatsatanetsatane pamsonkhanowu ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakambidwa.
Kusiyana kwa kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi pa kugonana
AVIV WEINSTEIN, RINAT ZOLEK, ANA BABKINI, MICHEL LEJOYEUX
Yunivesite ya Ariel, Ari'el, Israel
Chiyambi ndi zolinga: chizolowezi chogonana - chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti khalidwe lokakamiza kugonana - chimagwirizana ndi mavuto akuluakulu amisala ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso khalidwe lodziika pachiwopsezo. Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kufufuza kusiyana kwa kugonana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mawebusayiti pa intaneti odzipereka ku zolaula ndi kugonana pa intaneti.
Njira: Kafukufukuyu adagwiritsa ntchito mayeso okhudzana ndi chizolowezi cha Cybersex, mafunso okhudza zolaula, ndi Mafunso okhudza ubale wapamtima pakati pa ophunzira 267 (amuna 192 ndi akazi 75). Avereji ya zaka za ophunzira kwa amuna inali 28.16 (SD = 6.8) ndipo kwa akazi inali 25.5 (SD = 5.13). Adagwiritsa ntchito masamba omwe amadzipereka ku zolaula ndi kugonana pa intaneti pa intaneti.
Zotsatira zakusanthula kwakusonyeza kuti zolaula, jenda, komanso kugonana kwapaintaneti kunaneneratu zovuta pamaubwenzi ndipo zidapangitsa 66.1% ya kusiyanasiyana kwa mayeso pazofunsa zaubwenzi. Chachiwiri, kusanthula kwamachitidwe kumawonetsanso kuti kulakalaka zolaula, jenda, komanso zovuta pakupanga ubale wapamtima kunaneneratu kuchuluka kwakanthawi kogwiritsa ntchito cybersex ndipo zimawerengera 83.7% yakusiyana kwamalingaliro ogwiritsa ntchito cybersex. Chachitatu, amuna anali ndi pafupipafupi ogwiritsa ntchito cybersex kuposa akazi [t (2,224) = 1.97, p <0.05] komanso kulakalaka zolaula kuposa akazi [t (2,265) = 3.26, p <0.01] ndipo palibe zambiri pamafunso oyesa zovuta pakupanga ubale wapamtima kuposa akazi [t (2,224) = 1, p = 0.32].
Mapeto: Zomwe zapezekazi zikuchirikiza umboni wakale wa kusiyana kwa kugonana mu khalidwe lokakamiza kugonana. Tidzafotokozanso umboni wa maganizo ndi zamoyo wa kusiyana kwa amuna ndi akazi mu chizolowezi chogonana.
Kuda nkhawa ndi anthu kumabweretsa mavuto osokoneza bongo pakati pa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chibwenzi pa intaneti
AVIV WEINSTEIN, YONI ZLOT, MAYA GOLDSTEIN
Yunivesite ya Ariel, Ari'el, Israel
Mbiri ndi Zolinga: Pali chizolowezi chowonjezeka cha kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pachibwenzi ndi zolinga zogonana ("Tinder"). Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kufufuza zotsatira za nkhawa za anthu, kufunafuna malingaliro ndi kugonana pa chizolowezi chogonana pakati pa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mawebusayiti a pa intaneti pachibwenzi.
Njira: Ophunzira 279 (amuna 128 ndi akazi 151) azaka: azaka 18-38 adayankha mafunso pa intaneti (Google drive). Mafunso adaphatikizapo zambiri za anthu, kuchuluka kwa nkhawa za anthu ku Leibowitz, kuchuluka kwa kufunafuna kwa Sensation, ndi mayeso owunikira chizolowezi chogonana (SAST).
Zotsatira: ogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ochezera pa intaneti adawonetsa zigoli zambiri pa SAST kuposa omwe sagwiritsa ntchito [(t(2,277) = 2.09; p <0.05)]. Kachiwiri, kusanthula kwa regression kunawonetsa kuti nkhawa ya anthu ndi yomwe imayambitsa kwambiri kusiyana kwa chizolowezi chogonana (Beta = .245; p < .001). Jenda kapena zigoli pafunso lofuna kukhudzidwa sizinathandize kwambiri pa kusiyana kwa zigoli zogonana.
Kukambirana ndi zitsimikizo : zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zikusonyeza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ochezera pa intaneti ali ndi chizolowezi chogonana kwambiri. Chizolowezi chogonana chingathenso kuneneratu kuchuluka kwa nkhawa pakati pa anthu. Kafukufukuyu akuthandiza kumvetsetsa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa chizolowezi chogonana. Zotsatira zake zikusonyeza kuti nkhawa pakati pa anthu m'malo mofunafuna zinthu zomwe zimawakhudza kwambiri ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ochezera pa intaneti pazifukwa zogonana.
Zizindikiro za odziwika okha omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chogonana mu kliniki yapatala
ALINE WÉRY, KIM VOGELAERE, GAËLLE CHALLET-BOUJU, FRANÇOIS-XAVIER POUDAT, MARTHYLLE
LAGADEC, CHARLOTTE BRÉGEAU, JOËL BILLIEUX, MARIE GRALL-BRONNEC
University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Maziko ndi Zolinga: Kafukufuku wokhudza chizolowezi chogonana (SA) wakula kwambiri m'zaka khumi zapitazi, mothandizidwa ndi chitukuko cha zochitika zogonana pa intaneti komanso pa intaneti (monga macheza ogonana ndi ma webcam, zolaula zaulere). Komabe, ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wochuluka wa ku SA akuchulukirachulukira, pali zambiri zochepa zokhudzana ndi chithandizo chofuna "okonda kugonana" omwe amadzifotokozera okha. Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu ndikufotokozera makhalidwe, zizolowezi, ndi matenda ena mwa anthu omwe akufuna chithandizo mu pulogalamu yapadera yopita kuchipatala.
Njira: Kafukufukuyu adaphatikizapo odwala 72 omwe adapita ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Kuledzera ndi Matenda a Maganizo ku Chipatala cha University of Nantes (France) kuyambira Epulo 2010 mpaka Disembala 2014. Njira zomwe adagwiritsa ntchito zidaphatikizapo malipoti odzidziwitsa okha komanso mafunso ofunsidwa ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo pa pulogalamu ya odwala omwe sali kuchipatala.
Zotsatira: Ambiri mwa odwala 72 anali azaka zapakati (M: 40.33; SD: 10.93) amuna omwe ankafunsira makamaka za kugonana mopitirira muyeso, machitidwe oopsa ogonana, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kugonana pa intaneti. Odwala ena anali ndi vuto la paraphilia ndi zovuta zogonana. Ambiri mwa zitsanzozo anali ndi matenda amisala kapena osokoneza bongo, kudziona kuti ndi wosafunika, komanso mbiri yakale ya kuvulala.
Mapeto: Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti SA ikugwirizana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoopsa (monga zochitika zoopsa, zochitika zogonana, kusintha kwa maganizo) zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadziwika ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi SA, omwe maubwenzi awo ndi ovuta. Mapulogalamu ochizira ayenera kuganizira kusiyana kumeneku ndi kukonda komwe kumapangidwa m'malo mongofanana.
ZOCHITIKA NDI ZINTHU ZOKHUDZA KU CHIKHULUPIRIRO CHA 2017
Kuledzera kwa intaneti: Zochitika zamakono zamakono komanso zam'tsogolo
MATTHIAS BRAND
1Zamaganizo Onse: Kuzindikira ndi Malo Ofufuzira za Kusokoneza Maganizo (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany 2Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg, Germany; Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi Zolinga: Vuto la masewera a pa intaneti laphatikizidwa mu gawo lowonjezera la DSM-5 kusonyeza kuti mwina ndi vuto lofunikira lachipatala, lomwe liyenera kuganiziridwanso kwambiri. Kupatula kugwiritsa ntchito masewera a pa intaneti mopitirira muyeso, mitundu ina ya mapulogalamu a pa intaneti imakambidwanso kuti imagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, mwachitsanzo mapulogalamu olumikizirana, zolaula, kutchova juga, ndi mapulogalamu ogula. Kutengera kafukufuku wakale kuchokera ku gawo la mankhwala ndi chizolowezi cha khalidwe, malingaliro amalingaliro okhudza chitukuko ndi kusamalira mitundu inayake ya matenda ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti akuperekedwa.
Njira: Chitsanzo cha chiphunzitso cha chizolowezi cha intaneti cholembedwa ndi Brand et al. (2014) ndi cha Dong ndi Potenza (2014) chaphatikizidwa mu dongosolo latsopano la chiphunzitso. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhani zaposachedwa kwambiri zokhudza vuto la masewera a pa intaneti ndi mitundu ina ya kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti mopitirira muyeso zaganiziridwa.
Zotsatira: Kuyanjana kwa Person˗Affect˗Cognition˗Execution (I-PACE) chitsanzo cha matenda enaake ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti kwaperekedwa (Brand et al., 2016). Chitsanzo cha I-PACE chimaonedwa ngati chitsanzo cha njira, chomwe chimatchula zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto (monga, machitidwe a ubongo ndi maganizo), kusintha zinthu (monga kalembedwe ka kuthana ndi mavuto, ziyembekezo zogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, ndi maubwenzi osabisika), ndi kusintha zinthu (monga, mayankho okhudza maganizo ndi malingaliro ku zoyambitsa zamkati ndi zakunja), zomwe zimagwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi kuchepetsa kulamulira koletsa ndi kugwira ntchito kwa akuluakulu. Pamlingo wa ubongo, kuyanjana kosagwira ntchito kwa ziwalo za limbic ndi para-limbic, mwachitsanzo ventral striatum, ndi malo oyambira, makamaka dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, kumaonedwa ngati cholumikizira chachikulu cha mitsempha ya matenda enaake ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti. Zolumikizana za mitsempha izi za matenda ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti zimagwirizana ndi zomwe zimadziwika za mitundu ina ya zizolowezi zamakhalidwe.
Mapeto: Chitsanzo cha I-PACE chimafotokoza mwachidule njira zomwe zingayambitse chitukuko ndi kukonza matenda enaake ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti komanso chikuwonetsa momwe njira yogwiritsira ntchito chizolowezichi imagwirira ntchito panthawi yake. Malingaliro omwe afotokozedwa mwachidule mu chitsanzochi ayenera kufotokozedwa pa mitundu yeniyeni ya matenda ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti, monga kusewera pa intaneti, kutchova juga, kuonera zolaula, kugula zinthu, ndi kulankhulana.
Kusamala komanso kusokoneza amuna ndi chizoloŵezi choonera zolaula-kuyang'ana matenda
STEPHANIE ANTONS1 *, JAN SNAGOWSKI1 ndi MATTHIAS BRAND1, 2
1Zamaganizo Onse: Kuzindikira ndi Malo Ofufuzira za Kusokoneza Maganizo (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany 2Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany *Imelo: [email protected]
Mbiri ndi zolinga: Kafukufuku waposachedwa adafufuza kusokoneza kwa zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi choledzera ndi njira zodziwira matenda a intaneti-zolaula-kuonera (IPD) ndipo adapeza zotsatira zofanana ndi zomwe zanenedwa za matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (SUD). Mu chitsanzo cha I-PACE (Interaction of Person˗ Affect˗Cognition˗Execution) cha matenda enaake ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti, zanenedwa kuti chilakolako, tsankho la chidwi, ndi kuwongolera kosayenera kwa zoletsa ndi njira zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko ndi kusunga matenda ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti (Brand et al., 2016). Mu kafukufuku waposachedwa, tidafufuza makamaka mgwirizano wa tsankho la chidwi, kuwongolera koletsa, ndi zizindikiro za IPD.
Njira: Kuti afufuze maubwenzi amenewa, maphunziro awiri oyesera poyerekeza amuna omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zapamwamba komanso zochepa zokhudzana ndi IPD adachitika. Zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi IPD zidayesedwa ndi mtundu waufupi wa Internet Addiction Test wosinthidwa pa malo ogonana pa intaneti (Laier et al., 2013). Mu kafukufuku woyamba, ophunzira 61 adamaliza Visual Probe Task (Mogg et al., 2003) yomwe idasinthidwa ndi zolimbikitsa zolaula. Mu kafukufuku wachiwiri, ophunzira 12 adafufuzidwa mpaka pano ndi ntchito ziwiri zosinthidwa za Stop-Signal Tasks (Logan et al., 1984) zomwe zidaphatikizapo zolimbikitsa zosakhudzana ndi ntchito komanso zolimbikitsa zolaula.
Zotsatira: Ophunzira omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chachikulu cha IPD adawonetsa chidwi chachikulu pa zolaula poyerekeza ndi omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chochepa cha IPD. Kusanthula koyamba kuchokera mu kafukufuku wachiwiri kudawonetsa kuti amuna omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chachikulu cha IPD anali ndi nthawi yayitali yoletsa komanso zolakwika zambiri pakuyesa kuyimitsa makamaka akakumana ndi zithunzi zolaula.
Mapeto: Zotsatira zimapereka umboni wina wosonyeza kufanana pakati pa IPD ndi SUD. Zotsatira zachipatala zikukambidwa.
Njira zokhudzana ndi kugonana, zochizira komanso kuchepetsa kupititsa patsogolo zizoloŵezi zakugonana.
GRETCHEN R. BLYCKER1 ndi MARC N. POTENZA2
1Halsom Therapy, Jamestown, RI ndi University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA 2Connecticut Mental Health Center ndi Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA *Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi zolinga: Makhalidwe ogonana mokakamiza amaphatikizapo zochitika zosiyanasiyana zogonana kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso komanso zovuta, kugonana mopitirira muyeso komanso kusakhulupirika. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri ndi okwatirana amavutika ndi machitidwe ogonana mokakamiza, ndi ochepa okha omwe amafuna chithandizo ndipo chithandizo chovomerezeka mwaukadaulo sichikupezeka. Mfundo za filosofi ya Kum'mawa zaphatikizidwa mu mankhwala otsimikiziridwa mwaukadaulo kuti achepetse kupsinjika maganizo ndi nkhawa zina zamaganizo ndi zamaganizo. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo pa thanzi la kugonana sikufufuzidwa bwino.
Njira: Kudzera mu maphunziro azachipatala a Hakomi otsogozedwa ndi Kummawa, njira yoganizira bwino yokhudza chithandizo chamankhwala yomwe cholinga chake ndi kukonza thanzi la kugonana, ubwenzi, komanso ubale yapangidwa ndikufufuzidwa muzochita zachipatala. Milandu yochokera ku ntchito zachipatala idzaperekedwa ngati njira yoperekera maziko a kafukufuku wamankhwala wamtsogolo wokhudza njira zothandizira anthu omwe akuvutika ndi zotsatira za machitidwe ogonana okakamiza.
Zotsatira: Milandu yochokera kwa amuna, akazi ndi okwatirana idzaperekedwa. Zitsanzo za momwe njira zoganizira bwino zathandizira anthu kuchepetsa machitidwe ogonana okakamiza komanso osokoneza bongo komanso kupita patsogolo ndikupeza ubale wabwino wogonana zidzakambidwa. Mapeto: Muzochita zachipatala, njira zoganizira bwino zimayenderana ndi anthu osiyanasiyana ndipo zimathandiza anthu kukhala ndi luso lothandiza popanga machitidwe ogwirizana komanso abwino ogonana. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo ayenera kuwunika mwachindunji m'mayesero azachipatala mwachisawawa mphamvu ndi kulekerera kwa njira zoganizira bwino kwa anthu ndi okwatirana omwe akuvutika ndi zotsatira za machitidwe ogonana okakamiza.
Zotsatira za zolaula ndi zolakalaka pa intaneti-zolaula-kuyang'ana matenda: Zotsatira za khalidwe ndi zokhudzana ndi zolaula
MATTHIAS BRAND1,2 *
1Zamaganizo Onse: Kuzindikira ndi Malo Ofufuzira za Kusokoneza Maganizo (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany2Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany*Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi Zolinga: Matenda oonera zolaula pa intaneti (IPD) amaonedwa ngati mtundu umodzi wa matenda enaake ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti, koma mwina amagawana njira zina ndi khalidwe la anthu ambiri okhudzana ndi kugonana. Kuzindikira ndi chilakolako ndizofunikira kwambiri pa kafukufuku wokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso khalidwe loipa.
Njira: Malingaliro awa afufuzidwa posachedwapa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khalidwe loipa la kugonana komanso mwa anthu omwe ali ndi IPD. Kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi machitidwe okhudzana ndi cue-reactivity ndi chilakolako komanso zotsatira za kafukufuku wa neuroimaging zafotokozedwa mwachidule.
Zotsatira: Deta ya khalidwe imachirikiza lingaliro la chiphunzitso chakuti cue-reactivity ndi chilakolako ndi njira zomwe zimayambitsa IPD. Deta ya khalidwe imathandizidwa ndi zotsatira za neuroimaging, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti ventral striatum imathandizira pakumverera kwa chilakolako. Kukhudzidwa kwa ventral striatum ndi madera ena a ubongo, omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kuyembekezera mphotho ndi kukonza mphotho, zitha kuonedwa ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mu ubongo wa IPD.
Mapeto: Zomwe zapezeka pa cue-reactivity ndi chilakolako mu IPD zikugwirizana ndi chitsanzo chaposachedwa cha Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) cha matenda enaake ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti. Chitsanzochi chikusonyeza kuti kuphunzira kokhutiritsa ndi kulimbikitsa kumathandizira pakukula kwa cue-reactivity ndi chilakolako pamene akukumana ndi zolimbikitsa zinazake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi mphamvu zochepa pa khalidwe lawo. Mafotokozedwe a chitsanzo cha I-PACE cha IPD ndi khalidwe la hypersexual akukambidwa.
Kugonana kwachinyamata: Kodi ndi vuto lodziwika bwino?
YANIV EFRATI1 ndi MARIO MIKULINCER1
1Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi Zolinga: Kugonana kwa achinyamata, komanso momwe zimakhalira mkati mwa makhalidwe a anthu, ndiye mutu wa nkhaniyi. Makhalidwe a anthu omwe adafufuzidwa anali okhudza kalembedwe ka chikondi, khalidwe, jenda, chipembedzo, ndi matenda amisala.
Njira: Kuti achite izi, achinyamata 311 a kusekondale (anyamata 184, atsikana 127) azaka zapakati pa 16-18 (M = 16.94, SD = .65), adalembetsa mu magiredi khumi ndi limodzi (n = 135, 43.4%) ndi khumi ndi awiri (n = 176, 56.6%), ambiri mwa iwo (95.8%) anali Aisrayeli. Malinga ndi chipembedzo, 22.2% adadzitcha okha ngati anthu osapembedza, 77.8% adanenanso za madera osiyanasiyana achipembedzo. Zitsanzo zisanu zomwe zingatheke zoyesedwa zidafufuzidwa, zonse kutengera chiphunzitso chamakono ndi kafukufuku wokhudza kugonana kwambiri.
Zotsatira ndi Mapeto: Chitsanzo chachinayi chinapezeka kuti chikugwirizana ndi deta, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti matenda amisala ndi kugonana kwa anthu ambiri ndi matenda odziyimira pawokha ndipo sizikugwirizana ndi njira yolumikizirana. Kuphatikiza apo, chipembedzo ndi jenda ndi zinthu zomwe zimasonyeza, koma ubale pakati pa khalidwe ndi kudziphatika sizidalira pa iwo - njirayi ndi yofanana mwa achinyamata achipembedzo ndi omwe si achipembedzo, anyamata ndi atsikana. Kuphatikiza apo, mahomoni otchedwa oxytocin akhoza kukhala okhudzana ndi kugonana kwa anthu ambiri, zomwe zingakhudze tanthauzo la chithandizo chomvetsetsa komwe kugonana kwa anthu ambiri ndi matenda okha.
Kusintha kwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kukonza mphoto pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso ochova njuga
MATEUSZ GOLA1,2 * PHD, MAŁGORZATA WORDECHA3, MICHAŁ LEW-STAROWICZ5 MD, PHD, MARC N. POTENZA6,7 MD, PHD, ARTUR MARCHEWKA3 PHD ndi GUILLAUME SESCOUSSE4 PHD
1 Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA 2 Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland 3 Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland 4 Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands 5 III Dipatimenti ya Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland 6 Madipatimenti a Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Child Study Center ndi CASAColumbia, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA 7 Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA *Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi Zolinga: Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakati pa anyamata achichepere (Hald, 2006). Kwa ambiri, kuonera zolaula ndi njira yosangalalira, koma kwa anthu ena kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula movutikira (PPU) limodzi ndi kuseweretsa maliseche mopitirira muyeso ndi chifukwa chofunafuna chithandizo (Gola et al., 2016). Kodi n’chiyani chimasiyanitsa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula movutikira komanso nthawi zonse? Ndipo zimatsanzira bwanji machitidwe ena ovuta, monga kutchova juga?
Njira: Pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya fMRI tinayang'ana momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito pa zokopa zachiwerewere komanso zachuma, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti 'kufuna' kokhudzana ndi cue kukhale kochokera ku 'kukonda' kokhudzana ndi mphotho pakati pa amuna 28 ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha omwe akufuna chithandizo cha PPU ndi zowongolera 24 zofanana (Gola et al., 2016). Njira yomweyi idagwiritsidwa ntchito kale m'maphunziro okhudza kutchova juga kwa matenda (Sescousse et al., 2013).
Zotsatira: Monga momwe tidawonetsera kale (Gola et al., 2016) poyerekeza ndi anthu olamulira, anthu omwe ali ndi PPU adawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a ubongo (ventral striatum) makamaka pazinthu zomwe zimaneneratu zithunzi zolaula koma osati pazinthu zomwe zimaneneratu phindu la ndalama, zomwe zimatsanzira zotsatira za kafukufuku wakale ndi njira yomweyo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kutchova juga (Sescousse, et al., 2013). Apa tidayang'ana kwambiri kumadera ena a ubongo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kukonza mphotho - orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Monga momwe zasonyezedwera, posterior OFC yakale kwambiri mwa anthu athanzi imagwira ntchito pokonza mphotho zazikulu (chakudya ndi kugonana), pomwe anterior OFC imachita mphotho yachiwiri (monga ndalama kapena zolimbitsa anthu). Malinga ndi izi, aOFC mu kafukufuku wathu inali ROI yokhayo yomwe ikuwonetsa kuyambitsa kwakukulu kwa phindu la ndalama kuposa mphotho zolaula mwa anthu olamulira. Koma chosangalatsa n'chakuti, kwa anthu omwe ali ndi PPU, aOFC inali yogwira ntchito kwambiri pazithunzi zolaula kuposa mphotho zandalama, pomwe pOFC sinasinthe. Kuchuluka kwa kusinthaku mu aOFC kunali kogwirizana ndi miyeso yoopsa ya PPU. Pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kutchova juga motsutsana ndi kusintha kwa zinthu, padapezeka kuti: pOFC idayambitsidwa kwambiri kuti ilandire mphotho zandalama, pomwe kuyambitsa kwa aOFC sikunasinthe poyerekeza ndi zowongolera (Sescousse et al., 2013).
Mapeto: Zotsatira zathu zikusonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi PPU angakumane ndi mavuto pakusiyanitsa pakati pa phindu la mphotho zogonana ndi zomwe sizili zogonana mofanana ndi omwe amatchova juga omwe ali ndi matenda amisala pankhani ya mphotho zandalama ndi zomwe sizili zogonana. Zotsatira zathu zikuwonetsanso kuti PPU imafanana ndi machitidwe a mitsempha ndi machitidwe omwe amafotokozedwa bwino mu vuto la kutchova juga ngakhale kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito.
Nkhanza zapachikhalidwe, mavuto oyambirira a moyo komanso kudzipha amuna omwe ali ndi matenda a hypersexual
JUSSI JOKINENa, b *, ANDREAS CHATZITTOFISa, JOSEFE SAVARDa, PETER NORDSTRÖMa, JONAS HALLBERGc, KATARINA ÖBERGc ndi STEFAN ARVERC
a Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Swedenb Department of Clinical Sciences/Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Swedenc Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden*E-mail: [email protected]
Mbiri ndi zolinga: Kafukufuku wochepa ndi amene wafufuza mavuto a ubwana, nkhanza pakati pa anthu ndi khalidwe lodzipha pa matenda opatsirana pogonana. Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kuwunika nkhanza zomwe amuna omwe ali ndi vuto logonana mopitirira muyeso amakumana nazo poyerekezera ndi anthu odzipereka athanzi komanso kufufuza mgwirizano pakati pa zomwe zachitika pakati pa nkhanza pakati pa anthu ndi khalidwe lodzipha.
Njira: Kafukufukuyu akuphatikizapo odwala amuna 67 omwe ali ndi vuto la hypersexual disorder (HD) ndi amuna 40 odzipereka athanzi. Mafunso okhudza kuvulala kwa ana - Fomu Yaifupi (CTQ-SF) ndi Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scales (KIVS) adagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mavuto a m'moyo wachinyamata komanso nkhanza pakati pa anthu ali mwana komanso akakula. Khalidwe lodzipha (kuyesa ndi malingaliro) linayesedwa ndi Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI 6.0) ndi Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale - Self rating (MADRS-S).
Zotsatira: Amuna omwe ali ndi HD adanena kuti adakumana ndi chiwawa kwambiri ali ana komanso anali ndi khalidwe lachiwawa kwambiri akakula poyerekeza ndi odzipereka athanzi. Oyesa kudzipha (n = 8, 12%) adanena kuti anali ndi zigoli zambiri za KIVS, chiwawa chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ali ana, chiwawa chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ali wamkulu komanso zigoli zambiri pa CTQ-SF subscale poyesa nkhanza zogonana poyerekeza ndi amuna ogonana kwambiri omwe sanayese kudzipha.
Mapeto: Kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi nkhanza pakati pa anthu ndipo chiwerengero cha anthu onse mwa odwala omwe anayesa kudzipha chinali chachikulu kwambiri.
Methylation ya majeremusi a HPA ogwirizana ndi amuna omwe ali ndi vuto la hypersexual
JUSSI JOKINENa, b *, ADRIAN BOSTRÖMc, ANDREAS CHATZITTOFISa, KATARINA GÖRTS ÖBERGd, JOHN N. FLANAGAN, STEFAN ARVERD ndi HELGI SCHIÖTHc
a Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Swedenb Department of Clinical Sciences/Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Swedenc Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Swedend Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden*E-mail: [imelo yotetezedwa] ; [imelo yotetezedwa]
Maziko ndi Zolinga: Matenda a Hypersexual Disorder (HD) omwe amatanthauzidwa ngati matenda osagonana omwe ali ndi ziwalo zokakamiza, kukakamizidwa, komanso chizolowezi chochita zinthu mopitirira muyeso, adanenedwa ngati matenda mu DSM 5. Zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana pakati pa HD ndi matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuphatikizapo machitidwe a neurotransmitter omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function zanenedwa. Mu kafukufukuyu, womwe uli ndi odwala amuna 67 omwe adapezeka ndi HD ndi amuna 39 athanzi odzipereka, cholinga chathu chinali kupeza malo a HPA-axis couped CpG-sites, momwe kusintha kwa epigenetic profile kumakhudzana ndi hypersexuality.
Njira: Kapangidwe ka methylation ka genome-wide kanayesedwa m'magazi athunthu pogwiritsa ntchito Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip, kuyeza momwe methylation ilili malo opitilira 850 K CpG. Tisanafufuze, kapangidwe ka methylation ka DNA padziko lonse lapansi kanakonzedwa kale motsatira njira zokhazikika ndikusinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi kusiyana kwa maselo oyera amagazi. Tinaphatikizapo malo a CpG omwe ali mkati mwa 2000 bp kuchokera pamalo oyambira a transcriptional a majini otsatirawa a HPA-axis: Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), corticotropin releasing hormone binding protein (CRHBP), corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1), corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2), FKBP5 ndi glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1). Tinachita mitundu ingapo ya linear regression ya methylation M-values kutengera mtundu wa hypersexuality, kusintha kwa kukhumudwa, DST non-suppression status, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire total score ndi plasma levels ya TNF-alpha ndi IL-6.
Zotsatira: Malo 76 a CpG adayesedwa, ndipo anayi mwa awa anali ofunika kwambiri (p < 0.05), ogwirizana ndi majini a CRH, CRHR2 ndi NR3C1. Cg23409074 - yomwe ili pa 48 bp pamwamba pa TSS ya jini ya CRH - inali ndi hypomethylation yambiri mwa odwala omwe ali ndi hypersexual pambuyo pokonza mayeso angapo pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya FDR. Kuchuluka kwa methylation kwa cg23409074 kunagwirizana bwino ndi kufotokozera kwa majini a jini ya CRH m'gulu lodziyimira pawokha la amuna 11 athanzi.
Mapeto: CRH ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimagwirizanitsa mayankho a kupsinjika kwa neuroendocrine muubongo, kusintha khalidwe ndi dongosolo lamanjenje lodziyimira pawokha. Zotsatira zathu zikuwonetsa kusintha kwa majini a CRH okhudzana ndi vuto la hypersexual mwa amuna.
Mafilimu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula amagwiritsira ntchito zikuluzikulu komanso mayanjano ndi zikhalidwe zamaganizo ndi zachipatala m'magulu ankhondo a US
ARIEL KOR1, MARC. N. POTENZA, MD, PhD.2,3, RANI A. HOFF, PhD.2, 4, ELIZABETH PORTER, MBA4 ndi SHANE W. KRAUS, PhD., 5
1 Koleji ya Aphunzitsi, Yunivesite ya Columbia, Dipatimenti ya Uphungu ndi Zachipatala, Koleji ya Aphunzitsi, Yunivesite ya Columbia, USA2 Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Sukulu ya Zamankhwala ya Yale, New Haven, CT, USA3 Dipatimenti ya Sayansi ya Ubongo, Malo Ophunzirira Ana ndi National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA4VISN 1 MIRECC, VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA5VISN 1 New England MIRECC, Chipatala cha Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans, Bedford MA, USA*Imelo: [email protected]
Mbiri ndi zolinga: Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri omwe amaonera zolaula sakumana ndi mavuto ambiri ndi zolaula, gulu la anthu limafotokoza mavuto akuluakulu okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Chiyerekezo Chogwiritsa Ntchito Zithunzi Zolaula Zovuta (PPUS) chinapangidwa kuti chiwone ngati kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuli ndi vuto pakati pa akuluakulu okhala ku Israeli. Ngakhale kuti poyamba chinali ndi makhalidwe abwino a psychometric, PPUS sinatsimikizidwe pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula akuluakulu aku US. Kuti afufuze zambiri, kafukufuku waposachedwapa adawunikanso makhalidwe a psychometric a PPUS m'chitsanzo cha amuna ndi akazi omwe adanena kuti amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula.
Njira: Chitsanzo cha asilikali 223 aku US omwe adamaliza kuyesa kuchuluka kwa anthu, matenda amisala, kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, chilakolako cha zolaula, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika, kugonana mopitirira muyeso, komanso kusachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso.
Zotsatira: Zomwe zapezeka zapeza kuti PPUS inasonyeza kugwirizana kwakukulu kwamkati, kugwirizana, kusiyanitsa, ndi kutsimikizika kwa kapangidwe kake. Ziwerengero zapamwamba za PPUS zinali zogwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi sabata iliyonse, amuna, chilakolako cha zolaula, ndi matenda amisala.
Mapeto: PPUS inasonyeza makhalidwe abwino a psychometric pakati pa zitsanzo za asilikali akale aku US omwe adanena kuti amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wowonjezera amafunika kuti afufuze kapangidwe kake ka zinthu ndikupeza malire oyenera kuti azindikire molondola kugwiritsa ntchito kolakwika.
Kodi kusakhudzidwa mtima kumakhudzana bwanji ndi zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito? Kuphunzira kwa nthawi yayitali pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana a 12
EWELINA KOWALEWSKA1 *, JAROSLAW SADOWSKI2, MALGORZATA WORDECHA3, KAROLINA GOLEC4, MIKOLAJ CZAJKOWSKI, PhD2 ndi MATEUSZ GOLA, PhD3, 5
1Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Yunivesite ya Sayansi ya Anthu ndi Zaumunthu, Warsaw, Poland 2 Dipatimenti ya Zachuma, Yunivesite ya Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland 3 Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland 4 Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Yunivesite ya Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland 5 Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA *Imelo: [email protected]
Mbiri ndi zolinga: Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa ubale pakati pa chilakolako ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula (Mainer et al., 2009; Mick & Hollander, 2006; Davis et al., 2002; Shapira et al., 2000). Mbali imodzi ya chilakolako ndi kuthekera kochedwetsa kukhutira ndi kuchepetsa. Sizikudziwika ngati kuchedwetsa kukhutira ndi chifukwa kapena zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi.
Njira: Tinayesa kuchotsera pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso a MCQ (Mafunso Okhudza Kusankha Ndalama; Kirby & Marakovic, 1996) m'maphunziro awiri. Mu Phunziro 1, deta inasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku kafukufuku wochitidwa pa mamembala a magulu 12-steps okhudzana ndi chizolowezi chogonana ( N = 77, apakati pa zaka 34.4, SD = 8.3) ndikuwongolera anthu ( N = 171, apakati pa zaka 25.6, SD = 6.4). Mu Phunziro 2, tinayesa mobwerezabwereza patatha miyezi itatu pa mamembala 17 a gulu la magawo 12 okhudzana ndi chizolowezi chogonana kuchokera ku Phunziro 1 ( N = 17, apakati pa zaka 34.8, SD = 2.2). Nthawi yapakati yodziletsa kugonana m'gulu lachipatala inali masiku 243.4 ( SD = 347.4, Min . = 2, Max . = 1216; Phunziro 1) ndi masiku 308.5 ( SD = 372.9, Min . = 1, Max . = 1281; Phunziro 2). Maphunziro onsewa adachitika kudzera pa intaneti.
Zotsatira: Mu Phunziro 1, nthawi yomwe inagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zolaula ndi maliseche inagwirizana bwino ndi gawo lochotsera. Kugwirizana pakati pa zinthu izi kunali kolimba pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chogonana (kuchuluka kwa maliseche, r = 0.30, p < 0.05; kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, r = 0.28, p < 0.05) kuposa gulu lolamulira (kuchuluka kwa maliseche, r = 0.23, p < 0.05; kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, r = 0.19, p < 0.05) Kugwirizana kwakukulu (r = −0.39) kumachitika pakati pa gawo lochotsera ndi kusamwa pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chogonana. Mosiyana ndi lingaliro lathu, kuchuluka kwa magawo a ntchito yochotsera anali okwera kwambiri mu gulu lolamulira kuposa gulu la anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chogonana. Mu Phunziro 2, zotsatira sizinawonetse ubale wofunikira pakati pa kuchotsera ndi nthawi yodziletsa kugonana. Komabe, magulu sanasiyane kwambiri pakuchepetsa pakati pa miyeso ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kusamwa mkati mwa miyezi itatu sikunaperekedwe ndi kuchepa kwa kuchotsera. Kusintha kwa kuledzera kungafotokozedwe bwino ndi chiwerengero cha ophunzira omwe ali pa pulogalamu ya masitepe 12 (r = 0.92, p < 0.05) kapena sitepe yomwe ilipo mu chithandizo cha masitepe 12 (r = 0,68; p < 0,001) kuposa kuchotsera.
Mapeto: Kuthekera kochedwetsa kukhutitsidwa sikusinthidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Mwina ndi chinthu chosasinthika chomwe chingathe kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mwa anthu onse. Pakati pa mamembala a magulu 12-steps a anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chogonana, luso lochedwetsa kukhutitsidwa, modabwitsa, ndi lalikulu kuposa la anthu onse ndipo silisinthidwa mkati mwa miyezi itatu yogwira ntchito pa pulogalamu ya 12-steps. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchotsera sikusintha ndi nthawi yodziletsa. Zotsatirazi zitha kusonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi kuchotsera kochepa akhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wopindula ndi pulogalamu ya 12-step, kuposa omwe ali ndi kuchotsera kwakukulu.
Zithunzi zolaula zimapewa kudziletsa: Mapangidwe apakati
SHANE W. KRAUSa, b, *, HAROLD ROSENBERGB, CHARLA NICHC KHALANI MARTINOC, d ndi MARC N. POTENZAc
Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA b VISN 1 New England MIRECC, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, 200 Spring Road, Bedford MA, USA c Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA d VISN 1 New England MIRECC, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT USA *Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi zolinga: Kafukufuku amene waperekedwayo adafufuza ngati kudzidalira kwa ophunzira kuti apewe kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula m'nkhani iliyonse 18 yamaganizo, chikhalidwe, komanso zogonana kunagwirizana ndi momwe amagwiritsira ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi.
Njira: Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosonkhanitsira deta pa intaneti, amuna 229 ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe adafunafuna kapena kuganizira zofunafuna thandizo la akatswiri pakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula adamaliza mafunso ofufuza momwe amagwirira ntchito, mbiri ya momwe amagwiritsira ntchito zolaula, momwe amagwiritsira ntchito njira zina zochepetsera zolaula, kugonana kwachiwerewere, komanso makhalidwe a anthu.
Zotsatira: Mndandanda wa ma ANOVA unasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi kunali kogwirizana kwambiri komanso molakwika ndi kuchuluka kwa chidaliro m'mikhalidwe 12 mwa 18. Mofananamo, tapeza kuti kukonda kugonana mopitirira muyeso komanso kudzidalira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito njira zochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi kudzidalira kwambiri kuti tipewe kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula muzochitika zonse 18. Kusanthula kwa zinthu zofufuza kunavumbulanso magulu atatu a zochitika: (a) Kugonana/Kusasangalala/Mwayi, (b) Kuledzera/Malo/Kufikira mosavuta, ndi (c) Maganizo Oipa; zochitika ziwiri zotsalazo sizinali zovuta pa magulu atatu aliwonse. Chifukwa chimodzi mwa magulu atatuwa chinali ndi mutu wofanana, sitikulimbikitsa kudzidalira pakati pa magulu omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zochitika.
Mapeto: Madokotala azaumoyo wamaganizo angagwiritse ntchito mafunsowa kuti adziwe zoopsa zomwe zingabwerenso mwa anthu omwe akufuna kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika.
Zithunzi zolaula zochepa: Kuyerekezera anthu oonera zolaula ku US ndi ku Poland
SHANE W. KRAUS, PhD., 1 MATEUSZ GOLA, PhD., 2 EWELINA KOWALEWSKA, 3 MICHAL LEW-STAROWICZ, MD, PhD.4 RANI A. HOFF, PhD., 5, 6 ELIZABETH PORTER, MBA, 6 ndi MARC. N. POTENZA, MD, PhD.5,7
1VISN 1 New England MIRECC, Chipatala cha Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans, Bedford MA, USA2Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA3Dipatimenti ya Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland4Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 3rd Psychiatric Clinic, Warsaw, Poland5Dipatimenti ya Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA6VISN 1 MIRECC, VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven CT, USA7Dipatimenti ya Neuroscience, Child Study Center ndi National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA*Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi zolinga : Kafukufuku waposachedwapa adawunika momwe mafunso atsopano asanu ndi limodzi omwe adapangidwa adakhudzira kuzindikira makhalidwe, malingaliro, ndi zokumana nazo zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika. Njira: Mu Maphunziro 1 ndi 2, asilikali 223 aku US ndi anthu 703 aku Poland adapatsidwa Brief Pornography Screener (BPS) ndi miyeso yowunika kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, kulakalaka zolaula, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika, kugonana kwambiri, komanso kusachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso. Mu Phunziro 3, odwala 26 achimuna aku Poland adapatsidwa BPS ndi miyeso ya psychopathology.
Zotsatira: Mu Phunziro 1, zomwe zapezeka zidathandizira kuchotsa chinthu chimodzi mufunso; zinthu zisanu zotsalazo zidayesedwa kuti ziwonetsetse kuti pali chinthu chimodzi chomwe chili ndi eigenvalue ya 3.75 yomwe idawerengera 62.5% ya kusiyana konse. BPS idawonetsanso kudalirika kwakukulu kwamkati (α = 0.89). Kenako, tidapeza kuti zigoli za BPS zidagwirizana kwambiri ndi chilakolako cha zolaula, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika, komanso kugonana mopitirira muyeso, koma zokhudzana pang'ono ndi kusakhazikika. Mu Phunziro 2, zomwe zapezeka zinali zofanana chifukwa zigoli za BPS zidagwirizana bwino ndi muyeso wa kusakhazikika koma zokhudzana pang'ono ndi zigoli pamiyeso yowunika zizindikiro zokakamiza komanso kusakhazikika. Zotsatira zake zidawonetsanso kuti yankho la chinthu chimodzi lidapereka chiyeneretso chabwino: χ2/df = 5.86, p = 0.00, RMSEA = 0.08, SRMR = 0.02, CFI = 0.99, ndi TLI = 0.97. Mu Phunziro 3, tinayesa mtundu wa BPS pogwiritsa ntchito gulu la odwala omwe adasankhidwa kale motsutsana ndi gulu lowongolera. Kusanthula kwa ROC kunawonetsa kuti AUC inali 0.863 ( SE = 0.024; p < 0.001; 95% CI: 81.5−91.1).
Mapeto: BPS inasonyeza makhalidwe abwino a psychometric m'masampulu onse aku US ndi Poland ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi asing'anga m'malo azaumoyo wamaganizo kuti adziwe anthu.
Kuchita zachiwerewere kugonana ndi zolaula kumaphatikizapo mgwirizano pakati pa zochitika zapamwamba za thupi komanso zizindikiro za pa Intaneti-zolaula-kuyang'ana matenda
CHRISTIAN LAIER1 ndi MATTHIAS BRAND1,2
1 Katswiri wa Zamaganizo: Kuzindikira ndi Malo Ofufuzira za Kusokoneza Maganizo (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany2 Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany*Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi zolinga: Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa kuonera zolaula pa intaneti ndi kufunafuna chisangalalo cha kugonana, kukhutiritsa chidwi cha kugonana, kapena kupewa malingaliro olakwika (Reid et al., 2011). Chitsanzo cha I-PACE (Interaction of Person−Affect−Cognition−Execution) cha matenda enaake ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti (Brand et al., 2016) chikuwonetsa kuyanjana kwa makhalidwe a munthu, mayankho achikondi, njira zodziwira, ndi ntchito zoyang'anira ndi chisangalalo chomwe chimapezeka poonera zolaula pa intaneti. Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kufufuza ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa makhalidwe a munthu monga chilakolako chowonera zolaula, zizindikiro zamaganizo, ndi kupsinjika maganizo komwe kumawonedwa ndi chilakolako chogonana monga momwe zimachitikira kuzinthu zolaula komanso zizolowezi zowonera zolaula pa intaneti (IPD).
Njira: Amuna omwe adatenga nawo mbali ( N = 88) adafufuzidwa m'malo oyesera. Mafunso adawunika zizolowezi za IPD, chilimbikitso chowonera zolaula, zizindikiro zamaganizo, komanso nkhawa zomwe adaziwona. Kuphatikiza apo, ophunzirawo adawona zithunzi zolaula ndipo adawonetsa chilakolako chawo chogonana komanso kufunikira kwawo kudziseweretsa maliseche asanayambe komanso atamaliza kuwonetsa.
Zotsatira: Zotsatira zake zasonyeza kuti zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi IPD zinali zogwirizana kwambiri ndi zinthu zonse zokhudzana ndi zolaula - chilimbikitso chowonera zolaula, zizindikiro zamaganizo, kupsinjika maganizo, ndi zizindikiro za chilakolako chogonana. Kuphatikiza apo, kufunika kodziseweretsa maliseche kunayambitsa ubale pakati pa chilimbikitso chowonera zolaula ndi ubale pakati pa zizindikiro zamaganizo ndi kupsinjika maganizo ndi zizindikiro za IPD.
Mapeto: Zomwe zapezekazi zasonyeza kuti zizolowezi za IPD zinali zogwirizana ndi makhalidwe a munthu omwe amaganiziridwa kuti ndi anthu ndipo kuti ubalewu unayambitsidwa pang'ono ndi chizindikiro cha chilakolako chogonana. Chifukwa chake, zotsatira zake zikugwirizana ndi chitsanzo cha I-PACE ndipo zimalimbitsa lingaliro lakuti kafukufuku wamtsogolo ayenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pa kuyanjana kwa zinthu zinazake kupitirira maubwenzi awiri kuti apereke chidziwitso chowonjezereka pa njira zamaganizo zomwe zimayambitsa IPD.
Kukhwima ndi kukhudzidwa mu chizolowezi chogonana
ERIC LEPPINK
Yunivesite ya Chicago, Chicago, USA Imelo: [email protected]
Kugonana kumatchulidwa kawirikawiri ngati matenda okhudzidwa, kutanthauza kuti kuyambitsa ndi / kapena kupitirizabe khalidwe lovuta kungakhale chifukwa cholephera kuthetsa zofuna kuti achite khalidwe lopindulitsa. Zotsatira zamakono zokhudzana ndi matendawa, komabe, zanenanso kuti kuwonjezera pa kukhudzidwa mtima, kukakamizidwa kungakhale ndi gawo lodziwikiratu pamalopo komanso kupitiliza kugonana. Phunziroli lidzapereka chidziwitso chatsopano cha zokhudzana ndi zokhudzana ndi kugonana. Kulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu kumayikidwa pa kumvetsetsa kwatsopano kwa matenda a ubongo ndi kuzindikiritsa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chogonana komanso momwe deta iyi ingathandizire njira zamankhwala.
Chithandizo chofuna kusokoneza zolaula chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa akazi
KAROL LEWCZUK1, JOANNA SZMYD2 ndi MATEUSZ GOLA3,4 *
1 Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Yunivesite ya Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland2 Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo Ozindikira, Yunivesite ya Zachuma ndi Kasamalidwe, Warsaw, Poland3 Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland4 Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA*Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi zolinga: Kafukufuku wakale adafufuza zinthu zamaganizo zokhudzana ndi kufunafuna chithandizo cha kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta (PU) pakati pa amuna. Mu kafukufukuyu tidayang'ana kwambiri akazi omwe amafuna chithandizo cha PU yovuta ndipo tidayang'ana kusiyana kokhudzana ndi zinthu zokhudzana ndi PU yovuta pakati pa gululi ndi gulu la akazi omwe sanafune chithandizo chotere. Kachiwiri, tidafufuza ubale pakati pa zinthu zofunika zokhudzana ndi PU yovuta pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowunikira njira, ndikugogomezera zomwe zingayambitse kufunafuna chithandizo pakati pa akazi. Tinayerekezeranso zotsatira zathu ndi maphunziro am'mbuyomu pa amuna.
Njira: Kafukufuku wachitika pa akazi 719 a ku Caucasian azaka zapakati pa 14 ndi 63, kuphatikizapo anthu 39 omwe akufuna chithandizo cha PU (omwe adatumizidwa ndi akatswiri amisala atapita koyamba kuchipatala).
Zotsatira: Kufunafuna chithandizo pakati pa akazi kumakhudzana ndi zizindikiro zoyipa zokhudzana ndi PU, komanso kuchuluka kwa PU. Izi zikusiyana ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa kale pa amuna. Kuphatikiza apo, pankhani ya akazi, kupembedza ndi chizindikiro champhamvu komanso chofunikira kwambiri cha kufunafuna chithandizo.
Kukambirana: Mosiyana ndi kafukufuku wakale womwe unkayang'ana kwambiri zitsanzo za amuna, kusanthula kwathu kunawonetsa kuti kwa akazi kuchuluka kwa PU kungagwirizane ndi khalidwe lofunafuna chithandizo ngakhale atangoganizira za zizindikiro zoyipa zokhudzana ndi PU. Kuphatikiza apo, kudzipereka kwachipembedzo ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha kufunafuna chithandizo pakati pa akazi, zomwe zingasonyeze kuti kwa akazi, kufunafuna chithandizo cha PU chovuta sikungoyambitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zoyipa za PU zokha, komanso zikhulupiriro zaumwini zokhudza PU ndi miyambo ya anthu. Zinthu zimenezo ziyenera kuganiziridwa pochiza.
Mapeto: Zizindikiro zoyipa zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso kupembedza zimagwirizana ndi kufunafuna chithandizo pakati pa akazi - izi ndizosiyana ndi zotsatira zomwe zidapezeka m'maphunziro am'mbuyomu pa amuna.
Zizindikiro Zosonyeza Kusokonezeka kwa Maganizo Ogonana
MICHAEL H. MINER1 *, ANGUS MACDONALD, III2 ndi EDWARD PATZALT3
1Dipatimenti ya Zamankhwala a Banja ndi Zaumoyo wa Anthu, Yunivesite ya Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. USA2Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Yunivesite ya Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. USA3Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Yunivesite ya Harvard, Cambridge, MA. USA*Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi Zolinga: Njira zoledzeretsa zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi zotsatira za kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro komwe kumakhudza kupanga zisankho. Makamaka, zanenedwa kuti chizolowezi chimagwiritsa ntchito njira zomwezo za mitsempha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira zophunzirira zolimbitsa thupi. Cholinga chathu ndikuwunika momwe kusokonezeka kumakhudzira madera atatu owongolera kuzindikira, (1) Kusintha zinthu zosayembekezereka zolimbitsa, (2) kuchedwetsa kukhutitsidwa ndi kutenga zoopsa, ndi (3) kusokoneza zolimbikitsa.
Njira: Tinafufuza chitsanzo cha amuna akuluakulu 242 omwe anali ndi chilakolako chogonana kapena omwe adachitapo zachiwerewere ndi amuna. Anthu 93 adakwaniritsa zofunikira za kugonana mopitirira muyeso. Ophunzira adamaliza ntchito zitatu zamaganizo: ntchito yophunzirira yosinthira, ntchito yochepetsera kuchotsera, ndi Stroop yoyesera kamodzi.
Zotsatira: Tinafufuza kusiyana kwa magulu ndi mgwirizano ndi Compulsive Sexual Behavior Inventory yomwe idapezedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makompyuta yomwe imafotokoza mayankho ku miyeso itatu iyi ya kuwongolera kuzindikira. Tapeza zizindikiro zochepa zosonyeza kuti hypersexuality, kaya yotanthauzidwa ndi ntchito ya gulu kapena ndi zigoli pa CSBI, inali yogwirizana ndi miyeso ya kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso komwe kwakhala ndi mitundu ina ya chizolowezi. Tapeza kuyanjana kwakukulu pakati pa zotsatira za Grattan pa Stroop ndi CSBI score poneneratu kuchuluka kwa zochitika zogonana mkati mwa masiku 90.
Mapeto: Kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, makamaka mu MSM, sikukuwoneka kuti kukugwirizana ndi kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro komwe kumapezeka mu zizolowezi zina, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a cocaine. Komabe, pakakhala kuchuluka kwa kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, monga momwe CSBI imayesera, kulephera kuchita zinthu pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha zomwe zidachitika kale kumawoneka kuti kukugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa khalidwe logonana. Chifukwa chake, njira yomwe kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kumatsogolera ku kuchuluka kwa kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kungakhale kudzera mu kusokonezeka kumeneku pakusintha khalidwe nthawi ndi nthawi. Zomwe tapeza zimakhudzidwa ndi zitsanzo chifukwa chakuti kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kumaonekera mosiyana mu MSM. Kuphatikiza apo, kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kumakhala ndi mbali zambiri, ndipo mwina makhalidwe osiyanasiyana amachokera ku magwero osiyanasiyana osokoneza,
Kulakalaka kuonera zolaula kumagwirizana ndi zizindikiro za pa Intaneti-zolaula-kuyang'ana matenda
JARO PEKAL1 * ndi MATTHIAS BRAND1,2
1Zamaganizo Onse: Kuzindikira, Yunivesite ya Duisburg-Essen ndi Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), Germany 2Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany *Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi Zolinga: Kuzindikira-Kuchitapo Kanthu ndi Kulakalaka ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Popeza zanenedwa kuti njira zonsezi zimakhudzidwanso ndi vuto la kuonera zolaula pa intaneti (IPD), ndikofunikira kuzifufuza mwatsatanetsatane. Olemba ena amaona kuti kuyembekezera kukhutira ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula ndi kusunga IPD. Mu chitsanzo cha I-PACE (Kuyanjana kwa Munthu-Kukhudzidwa-Kuzindikira-Kuchita) cha matenda enaake ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti (Brand et al., 2016), kuchitapo kanthu ndi kulakalaka komanso njira zophunzirira mphotho zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi njira zofunika kwambiri za IPD. Mu maphunziro akale a kuchitapo kanthu makamaka zithunzi zolaula zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa chilakolako chogonana. Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kufufuza zotsatira za zithunzi zolaula pa chilakolako cha munthu payekha komanso ubale ndi malingaliro ena okhudza kuonera zolaula pa intaneti komanso zizolowezi za IPD.
Njira: Kafukufuku woyeserera ndi chitsanzo cha amuna 51 omwe adatenga nawo mbali adachitika. Onse omwe adatenga nawo mbali adawona makanema 60 olaula, adawayesa poyerekeza ndi chilakolako chogonana ndipo adawonetsa chilakolako chawo chogonana komanso kufunikira kwawo kudziseweretsa maliseche asanayambe komanso atangomaliza kuwonetsa. Kuphatikiza apo, mafunso adagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa zifukwa zowonera zolaula, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti, komanso zizolowezi za IPD.
Zotsatira: Zithunzi zolaula zinaonedwa kuti zimadzutsa chilakolako cha kugonana ndipo zimapangitsa kuti chilakolako cha kugonana chiwonjezeke komanso kufunikira kudziseweretsa maliseche. Kuphatikiza apo, kudzutsa chilakolako cha kugonana kunali kogwirizana pang'ono kapena kwakukulu ndi ziyembekezo ndi zolinga zowonera zolaula pa intaneti komanso zizindikiro za IPD.
Mapeto: Zotsatirazi zikugwirizana ndi maphunziro akale a IPD ndipo zikugogomezera kukhudzidwa kwa cue-reactivity ndi chilakolako mu IPD monga momwe zanenedwera mu chitsanzo cha I-PACE pazovuta zinazake zogwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Kuchokera pamalingaliro anthawi zonse, zotsatira zomwe zawonedwa za cue-reactivity paradigm ndi zithunzi zolaula ndizofanana ndi zomwe zanenedwa pamene zithunzi zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zizindikiro.
Kodi khalidwe lachiwerewere lingakwaniritsidwe bwanji ku ICD-11 ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zotani?
MARC N. POTENZA1
1Connecticut Mental Health Center ndi Yale University School of Medicine, USA *Imelo: [email protected]
Mbiri ndi zolinga: Ngakhale kuti ziwerengero za kuchuluka kwa anthu sizikupezeka, anthu ambiri angakumane ndi mavuto ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya machitidwe ogonana okhudzana ndi kugonana mopitirira muyeso, kuonera zolaula molakwika kapena machitidwe okakamiza kugonana. Pokonzekera kope lachisanu la Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5), matenda opatsirana pogonana adayesedwa m'munda ndipo adaganiziridwa kuti alowe koma pamapeto pake adachotsedwa m'bukuli. Pokonzekera kope la khumi ndi limodzi la International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), zizolowezi zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena khalidwe zikuganiziridwa kuti zilowe, ndipo mafunso okhudza matanthauzidwe ndi magulu akukambidwa.
Njira: Gulu la matenda okakamiza komanso okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso gulu la matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo aganizira za zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi khalidwe kuphatikizapo zokhudzana ndi kugonana. Misonkhano itatu yamagulu yokonzedwa ndi World Health Organisation yaganizira za machitidwe ndi matenda okhudzana ndi intaneti, poganizira za machitidwe a pa intaneti komanso osagwiritsa ntchito intaneti omwe ali ndi mphamvu zoledzera. M'misonkhanoyi, kutenga nawo mbali kwa mayiko ochokera m'madera ambiri padziko lonse lapansi a World Health Organization adatenga nawo mbali kuti athandize kuonetsetsa kuti madera apadziko lonse lapansi akuimiridwa bwino komanso kutenga nawo mbali pakuganizira momwe angaganizire bwino ndikutanthauzira zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi khalidwe komanso makhalidwe okhudzana ndi matenda a subsyndromal.
Zotsatira: Gulu la matenda okakamiza komanso okhudzana ndi zovuta lanena kuti machitidwe okakamiza kugonana azindikirika ngati chinthu china chodziwira matenda mu gawo la matenda oletsa kugwedezeka. Gulu la matenda osokoneza bongo mu ICD-11 lapereka njira zoyenera zochizira matenda otchova juga ndi matenda amasewera, ndi mafotokozedwe apaintaneti komanso osagwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Mafotokozedwe ofanana a kutchova juga koopsa ndi masewera aperekedwa, ndipo matanthauzidwe awa akugwirizana ndi matenda ofanana. Ngakhale kuti palibe chizolowezi cha khalidwe chokhudzana ndi machitidwe ogonana chomwe chaperekedwa, gulu la "Matenda Omwe Amabwera Chifukwa cha Makhalidwe Osokoneza Bongo" laperekedwa, ndipo dzinali lingagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi kugonana.
Mapeto: Ngakhale kuti njira ya ICD-11 sinamalizidwebe, machitidwe ovuta, okakamiza, opitirira muyeso komanso/kapena okhudzana ndi kugonana akukambidwa pankhani yokhudza kuphatikizidwa mu ICD-11. Gulu lofufuza lomwe likuperekedwa pano ndi gulu la matenda osokoneza bongo lingalole madokotala kuti adziwe matenda osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi kugonana. Popeza magulu ambiri kuphatikiza asing'anga ambiri ndi makampani a inshuwaransi amagwiritsa ntchito ICD, kukhalapo kwa bungwe lofufuza matenda lomwe limatenga makhalidwe osokoneza bongo okhudzana ndi kugonana kungakhale ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pa thanzi la anthu komanso la anthu onse.
Kodi simukugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pogonana pogwiritsa ntchito chizolowezi chogonana?
ANNA ŠEVČÍKOVÁ1 *, LUKAS BLINKA1 ndi VERONIKA SOUKALOVÁ1
1 Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic* Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi Zolinga: Pali mkangano womwe ukupitilira ngati khalidwe logonana mopitirira muyeso liyenera kumvedwa ngati mtundu wa chizolowezi chochita zinthu mopitirira muyeso (Karila, Wéry, Weistein et al., 2014). Kafukufukuyu cholinga chake chinali kusanthula momwe kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti mopitirira muyeso pazifukwa zogonana (OUISP) kungakhazikitsire lingaliro la chizolowezi chochita zinthu mopitirira muyeso pakati pa anthu omwe anali kulandira chithandizo chifukwa cha OUISP yawo.
Njira: Tinachita mafunso ozama ndi ophunzira 21 azaka zapakati pa 22-54 (Mage = zaka 34.24). Pogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwa mitu, zizindikiro zachipatala za OUISP zinasanthulidwa ndi zizindikiro za chizolowezi cha khalidwe, makamaka makamaka pa zizindikiro za kulekerera ndi kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Griffiths, 2001).
Zotsatira: Khalidwe lalikulu lomwe linali lovuta linali kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti (OOPU). Kukulitsa kulekerera kwa OOPU kunadziwonetsera ngati nthawi yochulukirapo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mawebusayiti a zolaula komanso kufunafuna zinthu zatsopano komanso zogonana mkati mwa magulu osasinthika. Zizindikiro zosiya kugonana zinadziwonekera pamlingo wamaganizo ndipo zinatenga mawonekedwe ofufuza zinthu zina zogonana. Ophunzira khumi ndi asanu adakwaniritsa zonse zomwe zinali mu chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula.
Mapeto: Kafukufukuyu akusonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoledzera kumapindulitsa kwambiri.
Zopereka za umunthu zomwe zimakhalapo ndi momwe amuna ndi akazi amagwiritsira ntchito intaneti pofuna kugonana
LI SHIMONI L.1, MORIAH DAYAN1 ndi AVIV WEINSTEIN * 1
1 Dipatimenti ya Sayansi ya Khalidwe, Yunivesite ya Ariel, Science Park, Ariel, Israel. *Imelo: [email protected]
Chiyambi ndi zolinga : Chizolowezi chogonana chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti hypersexual disorder chimadziwika ndi kuchita zinthu zogonana mopitirira muyeso zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuonera zolaula, kugwiritsa ntchito malo ochezera komanso kugonana pa intaneti. Mu kafukufukuyu tafufuza zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisanu zazikulu za umunthu ndi kugonana zithandizire pa chizolowezi chogonana.
Njira: Anthu 267 (amuna 186 ndi akazi 81) adatengedwa kuchokera ku mawebusayiti omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza anthu ogonana nawo. Ophunzirawo adadzaza mayeso a Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST) Big Five Index ndi mafunso okhudza kuchuluka kwa anthu.
Zotsatira: Amuna awonetsa zigoli zambiri pa SAST kuposa akazi [t (1,265) = 4.1; p < 0.001]. Kusanthula kwa regression kunawonetsa kuti kukhala ndi chikumbumtima kunathandizira molakwika (F(5,261) = 8.12; R = 0.36, p < 0.01, β = –0.24) ndipo kutseguka kunathandizira bwino (F(5,261) = 8.12, R = 0.36, p < 0.01, β = 0.1) ku kusiyana kwa zigoli zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere. Matenda amisala adangothandizira pang'ono zigoli zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere (F(5,261) = 8.12, R = 0.36, p = 0.085, β = 0.12). Pomaliza, panali kuyanjana pakati pa kugonana ndi kutseguka (R2change = 0.013, F2(1,263) = 3.782, p = 0.05) zomwe zinasonyeza kuti kutseguka kunathandizira kuti akazi azikonda kugonana (β = 0.283, p = 0.01).
Kukambirana ndi zomaliza: Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti zinthu monga (kusowa) chikumbumtima ndi kutseguka kwa malingaliro zinapangitsa kuti munthu azikonda kwambiri kugonana. Kafukufukuyu adatsimikiziranso umboni wakale wa kuchuluka kwa amuna omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chogonana poyerekeza ndi akazi. Pakati pa akazi, kutseguka kwa malingaliro kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi chizolowezi chokonda kwambiri kugonana. Zinthu izi zimaneneratu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chokonda kugonana.
Kusokonezeka ndi chilakolako chogonana - chiwonetsero cha chiwerewere cha kugonana?
RUDOLF STARK1 *, ONNO KRUSE1, TIM KLUCKEN2, JANA STRAHLER1 ndi SINA WEHRUM-OSINSKY1
1 Yunivesite ya Justus Liebig Giessen, Germany 2 Yunivesite ya Siegen, Germany *Imelo: [email protected]
Chiyambi ndi zolinga: Kusokonezeka maganizo chifukwa cha zolimbikitsa kugonana kungakhale chinthu chomwe chingayambitse chizolowezi chogonana. Lingaliro loyamba la kafukufukuyu linali lakuti anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chachikulu chogonana amakopeka kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zogonana kuposa anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana. Lingaliro lachiwiri linali lakuti kusokonezeka maganizo kumeneku chifukwa cha zolimbikitsa kugonana kungayambitse khalidwe logonana lovuta, mwachitsanzo kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika. Poganiza kuti izi ndi zoona ndiye kuti kusokonezeka maganizo kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chogonana kuposa anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino.
Njira: Tinachita zoyeserera ziwiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira yofanana yoyesera yogwiritsira ntchito maginito (fMRI). Mu kuyesa koyamba tinayang'ana anthu 100 athanzi (akazi 50). Mu kuyesa kwachiwiri tinayerekeza mayankho a amuna 20 omwe anali ndi vuto la kugonana ndi a anthu 20 omwe anali ndi vuto la kugonana. Ntchito yoyeserayi inkafuna kusankha ngati mizere iwiri, yomwe inali kumanzere ndi kumanja kuchokera pachithunzi chokhala ndi zinthu zosalowerera kapena zogonana, inali yofanana kapena ayi.
Zotsatira: Zotsatira zoyamba zikusonyeza kuti nthawi yochitira zinthu mu ntchito yolinganiza mzere inali yayikulu kwambiri ngati pali chinthu chosokoneza kugonana kuposa ngati pali chinthu chosokoneza kugonana. Komabe, chikhumbo chogonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana chinali ndi zotsatira zochepa chabe pa nthawi yochitira zinthu komanso momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito.
Mapeto: Motsutsana ndi lingaliro lathu, kusokonezeka ndi zolimbikitsa kugonana si chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimayambitsa chizolowezi chogonana. Mwina zotsatirazi zitha kutsatiridwa ndi zotsatira zoyipa: Zizindikiro zogonana zimakopa chidwi kwambiri popanda chifukwa chogonana kapena khalidwe lokakamiza kugonana.
Zochitika zachipatala zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ma digito, matenda a maganizo, ndi kugonana kwachipatala pakati pa ankhondo a ku United States
JACK L. TURBAN BAA, MARC N. POTENZA MD, PhD.a, b, c, RANI A. HOFF PhD., MPHa, d, STEVE MARTINO PhD.a, d, ndi SHANE W. KRAUS, PhD.d
Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USAb Dipatimenti ya Sayansi ya Ubongo, Child Study Center ndi National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USAc Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USAd VISN1 New England MIRECC, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, Bedford, MA, USA* Imelo: [email protected]
Maziko ndi zolinga: Mawebusayiti ochezera pa intaneti (monga Match, Manhunt, Grindr, Tinder) amapereka njira zopezera anthu okwatirana omwe angagonane nawo.
Njira: Pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha asilikali aku US omwe adabwerera kunkhondo atatumizidwa, tinayesa kufalikira kwa kufunafuna kugonana pa intaneti ndi matenda okhudzana ndi matenda amisala, malingaliro ofuna kudzipha, ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana (STIs). Makamaka, pogwiritsa ntchito deta yochokera ku kuyankhulana kwa foni ndi kafukufuku wotsatira pa intaneti, tinayesa kufalikira kwa kugonana kudzera pa nsanja zapaintaneti pagulu lankhondo la digito m'gulu lankhondo lankhondo la US 283.
Zotsatira: Pakati pa asilikali akale, 35.5% ya amuna ndi 8.5% ya akazi adanena kuti adagwiritsa ntchito malo ochezera a pa Intaneti kuti akumane ndi munthu woti agonane naye pa moyo wawo wonse. Asilikali akale omwe adanena kuti adagwiritsa ntchito malo ochezera a pa Intaneti kuti apeze ogonana nawo (DSMSP+) poyerekeza ndi omwe sanatero (DSMSP-) anali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala achinyamata, amuna, komanso mu Marine Corps. Pambuyo posintha momwe zinthu zilili pa chikhalidwe cha anthu, mkhalidwe wa DSMSP+ unagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi matenda a post-traumatic stress disorder (OR = 2.26, p = 0.01), kusowa tulo (OR = 1.99, p = 0.02), kuvutika maganizo (OR = 1.95, p = 0.03), hypersexuality (OR = 6.16, p < 0.001), malingaliro ofuna kudzipha (OR = 3.24, p = 0.04), ndi chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana pogonana (OR = 1.98, p = 0.04).
Mapeto: Pakati pa zitsanzo za dziko lonse za asilikali akale aku US atatumizidwa, machitidwe a DSMSP+ anali ofala, makamaka pakati pa amuna akale. Zomwe zapezeka zikusonyezanso kuti makamaka asilikali akale omwe amachita machitidwe a DSMSP+ ayenera kufufuzidwa bwino nthawi zonse akakumana ndi anthu odwala matenda amisala komanso kulangizidwa za ubwino wochita zinthu zogonana mosamala.
Mchitidwe wogonana wokakamiza: mawu opondal and limbic ndi kuyanjana
VALERIE VOON1, CASPER SCHMIDT1, LAUREL MORRIS1, TIMO KVAMME1, PAULA HALL2 ndi THADDEUS BIRCHARD1
1 Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Yunivesite ya Cambridge, Cambridge, UK2 Bungwe la United Kingdom la Zamaganizo Imelo: [email protected]
Chiyambi ndi zolinga: Makhalidwe ogonana mokakamiza (CSB) ndi ofala kwambiri ndipo amagwirizana ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa munthu payekha komanso pagulu. Sayansi ya ubongo yomwe imayambitsa matendawa ikadali yosamveka bwino. Kafukufukuyu akuwunika kuchuluka kwa ubongo ndi kulumikizana kwa ntchito mu CSB poyerekeza ndi odzipereka athanzi (HV).
Njira: Deta ya Structural MRI (MPRAGE) inasonkhanitsidwa mwa anthu 92 (amuna 23 a CSB ndi amuna 69 omwe ali ndi zaka zofanana ndi za HV) ndipo inasanthulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito voxel-based morphometry. Deta ya MRI yogwira ntchito yopumula pogwiritsa ntchito multi-echo planar sequence ndi independent components analysis (ME-ICA) inasonkhanitsidwa mwa anthu 68 (maphunziro 23 a CSB ndi 45 omwe ali ndi zaka zofanana ndi za HV).
Zotsatira: Anthu omwe ali mu CSB adawonetsa kuchuluka kwa mavoliyumu a imvi kumanzere (voliyumu yaying'ono idakonzedwa, Bonferroni idasinthidwa P <0.01) komanso kuchepa kwa kulumikizana kwa magwiridwe antchito pakati pa mbewu ya amygdala yakumanzere ndi dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (ubongo wonse, cluster corrected FWE P <0.05) poyerekeza ndi HV.
Mapeto: CSB imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ma volume m'madera a limbic okhudzana ndi mphamvu zolimbikitsa komanso kukonza malingaliro, komanso kusokonekera kwa kulumikizana pakati pa madera olamulira a prefrontal control ndi limbic. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo ayenera kukhala ndi cholinga chofufuza njira zoyezera nthawi yayitali kuti afufuze ngati zomwe zapezekazi ndi zinthu zoopsa zomwe zisanachitike machitidwewa kapena ndi zotsatira za machitidwewo.
Kusiyana kwa zipatala pakati pa amuna kufunafuna chithandizo chamakhalidwe achiwerewere. Phunziro loyenerera lotsatiridwa ndi kuwerengera kwa sabata la 10
MAŁGORZATA WORDECHA * 1, MATEUSZ WILK1, EWELINA KOWALEWSKA2, MACIEJ SKORKO1 ndi MATEUSZ GOLA1,3
1Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland 2University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland 3Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA *Imelo: [email protected]
Chiyambi ndi zolinga: Tinkafuna kuwunika kufanana ndi kusiyanasiyana pakati pa amuna omwe akufuna chithandizo cha machitidwe okakamiza ogonana ndikutsimikizira kulumikizana kwa zifukwa zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimagwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi zambiri zenizeni.
Njira: Tinachita zokambirana zosamalitsa ndi amuna 9 azaka zapakati pa 22-37 (M= 31.7; SD = 4.85) kenako tinatsatira kuwunika kwa masabata 10. Pakuyankhulana tinafotokoza za zizindikiro za CSB, njira zamaganizo, ndi udindo wa maubwenzi. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira za ofunsa mafunso, tinatsimikizira zambiri zokhuza khalidwe la anthu ndipo kuwonjezera apo tinachita kuwunika kwa masabata 10 kuti tiwone momwe CSB imagwirira ntchito.
Zotsatira: Anthu onse omwe adaphunzira adawonetsa kuopsa kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso maliseche. Adawonetsanso kuchuluka kwa nkhawa ndipo adati kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso maliseche kumathandiza kuchepetsa nkhawa komanso kupsinjika. Panali kusiyana kwakukulu pankhani ya kulakalaka, luso la anthu komanso njira zina zamaganizo zomwe zimayambitsa CSB. Deta yomwe idasonkhanitsidwa mu kuwunika kwa dayari idawonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu kwa machitidwe achiwerewere (monga kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi kapena zolaula zambiri, zochita zogonana za dyadic) ndi zoyambitsa. Zinali zosatheka kuyika chitsanzo chimodzi chowongolera kwa anthu onse. M'malo mwake, munthu aliyense anali ndi chitsanzo chake cha zomwe zikuwonetsa CSB makamaka zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi zoyambitsa zomwe zachedwa.
Kukambirana ndi zitsimikizo: Ngakhale kuti pali njira yofanana yochitira zinthu zokhudzana ndi kugonana komanso malingaliro ndi malingaliro omwe amabwera nawo, CSB ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi njira zofanana zamaganizo. Kusanthula kwa munthu payekha kwa kuwunika kwa nthawi yayitali kwawonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu kwa zomwe zikuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso maliseche. Chifukwa chake, machitidwe amenewo ayenera kuphunziridwa mosamala m'malo azachipatala kuti apereke chithandizo chothandiza.
Zowopsya zisanu ndi chimodzi zomwe zimawonetsa zolaula zowonongeka
BEÁTA BŐTHE1,2 *, ISTVÁN TÓTH-KIRÁLY1,2, ÁGNES ZSILA1,2, MARK D. GRIFFITHS3, ZSOLT DEMETROVICS2 NDI GÁBOR OROSZ2,4
1Sukulu ya Dokotala wa Zamaganizo, Yunivesite ya Eötvös Loránd, Budapest, Hungary 2Institute of Psychology, Yunivesite ya Eötvös Loránd, Budapest, Hungary 3 Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Yunivesite ya Nottingham Trent, Nottingham, United Kingdom 4Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary *Imelo: [email protected]
Mbiri ndi zolinga: Malinga ndi zomwe tikudziwa, palibe mulingo womwe ulipo wokhala ndi makhalidwe amphamvu a psychometric omwe amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta zomwe zimachokera ku maziko ophunzirira. Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kupanga mulingo waufupi (Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale; PPCS) potengera chitsanzo cha Griffiths (2005) cha zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi zomwe zimatha kuwunika kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta.
Njira: Chitsanzocho chinali ndi anthu 772 omwe anayankha (akazi 390; Mage = 22.56, SD = zaka 4.98). Kupanga zinthu kunakhazikitsidwa pa matanthauzo a zigawo za chitsanzo cha Griffiths.
Zotsatira: Kusanthula kotsimikizira zinthu kunachitika komwe kunapangitsa kuti pakhale kapangidwe ka zinthu 18. Kudalirika kwa PPCS kunali kwabwino ndipo kusinthasintha kwa muyeso kunakhazikitsidwa. Poganizira za kukhudzidwa ndi kudziwika bwino kwa zinthu, tinapeza njira yabwino yosiyanitsira pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe ali ndi vuto ndi omwe alibe vuto. Mu chitsanzochi, 3.6% ya ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula anali m'gulu lomwe lili pachiwopsezo.
Kukambirana ndi Kutsiliza: PPCS ndi muyeso wosiyanasiyana wa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta komanso maziko olimba a chiphunzitso omwe ali ndi mphamvu zamaganizo.
Zikhulupiriro za kugonana zingachepetse kugwirizana kosayenera pakati pa ubale wokondweretsa ndi vuto lowonetsa zolaula
BEÁTA BŐTHE1,2 † *, ISTVÁN TÓTH-KIRÁLY1,2, ZSOLT DEMETROVICS2 NDI GÁBOR OROSZ2,3 †
1Sukulu ya Dokotala wa Zamaganizo, Yunivesite ya Eötvös Loránd, Budapest, Hungary 2Institute of Psychology, Yunivesite ya Eötvös Loránd, Budapest, Hungary 3Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary † Olemba nawonso adathandizira kafukufukuyu. *Imelo: [email protected]
Chiyambi ndi zolinga: Kafukufukuyu adafufuza mgwirizano pakati pa kukhutitsidwa ndi ubale ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta poganizira zikhulupiriro zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa moyo wogonana.
Njira: Mu Phunziro 1 (N1 = 769), Sex Mindset Scale idapangidwa yomwe imayesa zikhulupiriro zokhudzana ndi kusinthasintha kwa moyo wogonana. Mu Phunziro 2 ndi Phunziro 3 (N2 = 315, N3 = 378), structural equation modeling (SEM) idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira machitidwe a ubale pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta, kukhutitsidwa ndi ubale ndi zikhulupiriro zokhudzana ndi kugonana.
Zotsatira: Kusanthula zinthu zotsimikizira (Phunziro 1) kunawonetsa makhalidwe amphamvu a psychometric. Chitsanzo chilichonse chomwe chinafufuzidwa (Phunziro 2 ndi Phunziro 3) chinawonetsa kuti zikhulupiriro zokhudzana ndi kugonana zimagwirizana bwino komanso mwachindunji ndi kukhutitsidwa ndi ubale, pomwe zimagwirizana molakwika komanso mwachindunji ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta komanso kukhutitsidwa ndi ubale sizinali zogwirizana. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta sikunalumikizane pakati pa zikhulupiriro zokhudzana ndi kugonana ndi kukhutitsidwa ndi ubale.
Kukambirana ndi Kutsiliza: Poganizira zotsatira zathu, ubale woipa pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta komanso kukhutira ndi ubale umatha poganizira kuti malingaliro ogonana ndi chinthu chimodzi.
Kugonana kwa amuna okhaokha komanso kugonana ndi abambo omwe amachitira zachiwerewere komanso makhalidwe oipa m'magulu a amuna a ku Germany
DR. DANIEL TURNER1, 2 *, DR. VERENA KLEIN2, PROF. DR. ALEXANDER SCHMIDT3 ndi PROF. DR.PEER BRIKEN2
1Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo ndi Zamaganizo, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany 2Institute for Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany 3Dipatimenti ya Zamaganizo, Zamaganizo Zamalamulo, Sukulu Yachipatala Hamburg, Germany *Imelo: [email protected]
Chiyambi ndi zolinga: Kugonana ndi anthu ena, chizolowezi chogonana kapena matenda opatsirana pogonana amafotokoza malingaliro obwerezabwereza komanso amphamvu okhudza kugonana, zilakolako zogonana, kapena machitidwe ogonana omwe amasokoneza zolinga kapena maudindo ena ofunikira (osati okhudza kugonana) (Kafka, 2010). Ngakhale kuti kugonana ndi anthu ena kwakhala kukuganiziridwa kwambiri posachedwapa m'mabuku a anthu ophwanya malamulo okhudza kugonana ndipo kumaonedwa ngati chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri chochimwira kugonana, komabe palibe zambiri zomwe zimadziwika za kufalikira kwa kugonana ndi ubale wake ndi zofuna zogonana ndi ana komanso machitidwe aupandu mwa anthu ambiri.
Njira: Mu chitsanzo chachikulu cha anthu ammudzi chomwe chinali ndi amuna 8,718 aku Germany omwe adachita nawo kafukufuku wa pa intaneti, tidayesa machitidwe odziwonetsa okha kuti ali ndi vuto la kugonana pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso okhudzana ndi kugonana (TSO) ndipo tidayesa kugwirizana kwake ndi zofuna zogonana zomwe zimanenedwa kuti zimagonana ndi amuna komanso makhalidwe oipa.
Zotsatira: Ponseponse, TSO yapakati pa sabata inali 3.46 (SD = 2.29) ndipo ophunzirawo ankathera pafupifupi mphindi 45.2 patsiku (SD = 38.1) ndi malingaliro ndi zilakolako zogonana. Zonse pamodzi, 12.1% ya ophunzirawo (n = 1,011) akhoza kugawidwa ngati hypersexual malinga ndi mtengo wodulidwa wa TSO ≥ 7 (Kafka, 1991). Hypersexuality (TSO ≥ 7) komanso mfundo zonse za TSO zinali zogwirizana ndi malingaliro ogonana okhudza ana, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula za ana, katundu wakale wodzinenera wokha komanso milandu yachiwawa koma osati ndi kuphwanya malamulo okhudza kugonana.
Mapeto: Ngakhale kuti kugonana mopitirira muyeso kumaonedwa ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuchita chigololo m'masampulo a anthu ogwiririra, ubalewu sungathe kubwerezedwanso mu sampulo ya anthu ammudzi makamaka pakuchita chigololo chokhudzana ndi kugonana. Komabe, m'machitidwe azachipatala, kuwunika machitidwe a upandu ndi malingaliro okonda kugonana mwa anthu ogwiririra komanso mosiyana ndi amuna omwe ali ndi makhalidwe osayenera kapena okonda kugonana kuyenera kuganiziridwa.