Ulalo wa nkhani yoyambirira: Seputembala 22, 2015, lolembedwa ndi Jonah Mix
Mwezi watha, Journal of Sex Research inafalitsa nkhani yakuti “Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula Zimakhudzadi ‘Kupanga Chidani kwa Akazi?’” yomwe imati ikupeza mgwirizano wabwino pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi malingaliro a akazi. M'chidule chake, ofufuza aku Canada omwe ali kumbuyo kwa kafukufukuyu sanataye nthawi kufotokoza momveka bwino kudana kwawo ndi ufulu wa akazi:
"Malingana ndi lingaliro lachikazi lachikazi, zolaula zimapititsa patsogolo kugonjera kwa amayi mwa kuphunzitsa ogwiritsa ntchito, amuna ndi akazi mofanana, kuti awonere akazi mochuluka kuposa kugonana komwe amuna ayenera kukhala nawo. Mitundu yowonjezera ya General Social Survey inagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa lingaliro lakuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula angakhale ndi malingaliro omwe amathandizira kwambiri kusiyana kwa amuna ndi akazi kusiyana ndi osakonda zolaula. Zotsatira sizinagwirizane ndi zozizwitsa zomwe zimachokera ku chiphunzitso chokhwima chachikazi. Owerenga zithunzi zolaula ankachita zinthu zosagwirizana-kwa akazi omwe ali ndi maudindo, kwa akazi ogwira ntchito kunja kwa nyumba, komanso kuchotsa mimba-kusiyana ndi anthu osakonda zolaula. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso osasamala zolaula sizinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi malingaliro awo pa banja lachikhalidwe komanso mwa kudzidzidzimutsa monga chikazi. Zotsatira za phunziroli zikuwonetsa kuti zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito sizingagwirizane ndi kugonana kosagwirizana mwa njira zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chiphunzitso chachikulu chazimayi. "
Zachidziwikire, atolankhani ayamba kale kuphunzira nkhaniyi ngati umboni wa nkhanza za akazi odzikuza. Koma anthu odzikuza amenewa, monga ofufuza okha, akulakwitsa pankhani ya mfundo yoyambira ya akazi. Maganizo otsutsana ndi zolaula sakunena kuti amuna omwe amaonera zolaula ndi odzikuza kwambiri kuposa amuna omwe saonera - koma zolaula ndi njira yodziwika bwino komanso yothandiza yomwe amuna amaphunzitsidwa kuti azidzikuza.
Zina, njira zabwino zowonjezera chidani chazimayi chikhalirebe, ndipo amuna ambiri omwe samayang'ana zolaula amawoneka kuti akutsogoleredwa ndi akuluakulu ozungulira: Chitetezo chachipembedzo. Mukamayang'ana njira zikwi zambiri zomwe abambo angaphunzire kudana nazo akazi, zimakhala zoonekeratu kuti "Amuna omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula sagonana kwambiri kuposa amuna omwe sali" ndipo "Porn sizimapangitsa amuna kugonana" ndi zosiyana kwambiri mawu. Omwe akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito cocaine mwina amakhala moyo wautali kuposa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito heroin. Izi sizikupangitsa cocaine kukhala zabwino kwa inu.
Koma kafukufukuyu sakufunsa funso lake lopusa. Choyamba, amatanthauzira wogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ngati aliyense amene "adaonera filimu yojambulidwa X chaka chatha." Kodi zimenezo zikutanthauza chiyani? Zambiri mwa zolaula masiku ano zimaonedwa m'makanema afupiafupi pa intaneti, ndipo anthu ambiri sagwiritsa ntchito "X-rated" kapena "film" powafotokozera. Palibe njira yodziwira momwe amuna omwe adachita kafukufukuyu adatanthauzira funsoli; ndikuganiza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ambiri sangaganize kuti mphindi khumi ndi zisanu zomwe adagwiritsa ntchito pa Porn Hub ndi "filimu yojambulidwa X."
Ndi muyezo waukulu wosavomerezeka wolengeza kuti anthu ndi ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Malinga ndi muyeso uwu, munthu amene amachita maliseche kawiri patsiku amawerengedwa kuti ndi wofanana ndi mwamuna amene adadina malonda a Girls Gone Wild miyezi isanu ndi inayi yapitayo. Onse awiri akulakwitsa mosakayikira, koma n'zosamveka kuwayika m'gulu lomwelo mukachita kafukufuku ngati uyu. Njira yabwino kwambiri ingakhale kuyeza kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula motsutsana ndi malingaliro ogonana ndi amuna ndi akazi ndikuyang'ana mgwirizano.
Chilankhulo chosamveka bwino ichi ndi magulu achinyengo ndi mavuto, koma kafukufukuyu akusintha kuchoka pa zolakwika kupita ku zopanda pake mukayang'ana muyeso wawo wa kusankhana mitundu. Ofufuzawa adagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zinayi za deta ngati zofunikira: Kuthandizira akazi omwe ali ndi mphamvu, kuthandizira akazi omwe amagwira ntchito kunja kwa nyumba, kuthandizira kuchotsa mimba, ndi kudzizindikiritsa ngati wokonda ufulu wa akazi. Zoona, ofufuza? Ndi tanthauzo lanu la kusankhana mitundu?
Ngati izi zinali mu 1960, ndithudi, zikanakhala zomveka kuyeza kudana ndi akazi pofunsa za akazi omwe amagwira ntchito komanso kuchotsa mimba. Zikanakhalanso zomveka kuyeza tsankho pofunsa za malo osungira chakudya chamasana. Koma palibe mafunso omwe anganene chilichonse chokhudza dziko lapansi mu 2015, pomwe kudana ndi akazi (ndi tsankho, makamaka) zakhala zikukwatiwa monyadira ndi ufulu wopanda chiwongolero womwe umalandira zizindikiro zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi zopita patsogolo.
Ndizosavuta kudana ndi amayi pamene akukhulupirira kuti ayenera kugwira ntchito kunja kwa nyumba (chifukwa cha Yesu Khristu, kuchoka pa abulu anu ndi kuchita chinachake, madona!) Kapena kuchotsa mimba (chifukwa kulera ana ndi chikoka, koma amene akufuna kuvala kondomu?). Ngakhale amayi omwe ali ndi maudindo amapeza malo ovomerezeka kuchokera kwa makolo ambiri, malinga ngati akulonjeza kusunga mkazi yemweyo-kudana malamulo mmalo mwake. Kumbukirani Sarah Palin, aliyense?
Mafunso okhudza akazi omwe amagwira ntchito kunja kwa nyumba kapena ogwira ntchito ku ofesi akhoza kuwonekera kwa makolo akale a cartoon, koma amapereka mwayi waulere kwa osogynist ambiri. Anthu okhawo omwe amakanadi maufulu amenewa ndi ovomerezeka kwambiri - omwe amapanga amuna ambiri omwe samaonera zolaula! Izi zikuwonetsa zolakwika zazikulu mu phunziro lino lomwe limapanga zosayenera: Ofufuzawa adatanthauzira kugonana ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zikanatha kukwaniritsidwa ndi omwe ali m'gulu la osagwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Zina mwazinthu zina zomwe zingagwiritse ntchito ufulu wogonana ndi anthu ogonana pazinthu zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamalitsa.
Poganizira zonsezi, cholinga chenicheni cha phunziroli ndi chofooka. Zonse zomwe zikusonyeza kuti amuna omwe amamwa zolaula nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi "malingaliro osiyana." Njira yosokonezeka pambali, sindikukayika kuti ndizoona. Sizodabwitsa kumva kuti munthu amene amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, akafunsidwa, angakuuzeni kuti ali ndi "maganizo osiyana" kwa amayi omwe akuwagwiritsa ntchito monga zithandizo zowononga. Zingowopsya kuti ochita kafukufukuwa amaganiza kuti malingaliro oipawa alibe chochita ndi akazi.
Egalitarianism ndi misogyny sizigwirizana. Ndipotu, kupatulapo zifukwa zina zowonongeka, ambiri omwe amatsutsana ndi chikazi masiku ano amachokera ku "malingaliro" oyenerawo - mukudziwa, omwe amachititsa kuti amayi azigwiritsira ntchito zachiwerewere chifukwa, iye, avomereza; amaseka nkhanza zapakhomo chifukwa, ngati akazi ali ofanana, zikutanthauza kuti amuna akhoza kuwagunda; ndikuchotseratu zaumoyo za amayi ndi zamakhalidwe abwino chifukwa simukufuna kuti wina azisamalidwe, kodi mumatero?
Kukulitsa kumvetsa kwenikweni za ubale pakati pa zolaula, mphamvu yamuna, misogyny, ndi chiwawa kumafuna zambiri kuposa mafunso ochepa kapena ayi. Kufunsa amuna kuti adziwonetsere ngati akuganiza kuti amayi ndi anthu si njira yabwino yodziwitsira misogyny, ndi kuyesa "maganizo osiyana" si njira yabwino yodziwira kudzipereka kuti athandize ufulu wa amayi. Phunziroli liri ndi chinachake chomwe chingatiphunzitse, koma sikuti amuna omwe amawonera zolaula amakhala ochepa kwambiri - ndilo tanthawuzo la chikazi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito "mosagwirizana" ndi lopanda phindu, ngakhale amuna odwala zolaula angathe kuzinena.