Ndi Sarah Klein, Health.com
- Ubongo wa makoswe omwe anadzidyetsa okha pa zakudya zamtundu wa anthu anasintha
- Dopamine amaoneka kuti ndi amene amachititsa khalidwe la makoswe odya kwambiri
- Zomwe zingapezeke zingayambitse mankhwala atsopano chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri
Asayansi atsiriza kutsimikiza zomwe tonsefe tawatsutsa kwazaka zambiri: Bacon, cheesecake, ndi zakudya zina zokoma koma zonenepa zingakhale zoledzeretsa.
Kafukufuku watsopano pa makoswe amasonyeza kuti zakudya zamtengo wapatali, zamtengo wapatali zamakono zimakhudza ubongo mofanana ndi cocaine ndi heroin. Pamene makoswe amadya zakudya izi mokwanira kwambiri, zimayambitsa kudya zakudya zosokoneza bongo, phunziroli linapezeka.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga cocaine komanso kudya zakudya zopanda thanzi mopitirira muyeso kumadzaza pang'onopang'ono malo omwe amati ndi zosangalatsa muubongo, malinga ndi a Paul J. Kenny, Ph.D., pulofesa wothandizirana ndi ma molecular therapeutics ku Scripps Research Institute, ku Jupiter , Florida. Pamapeto pake chisangalalocho "chimasokonekera," ndikupeza chisangalalo chomwecho - kapena ngakhale kungomva kukhala wabwinobwino - kumafunikira kuchuluka kwa mankhwala kapena chakudya, atero a Kenny, wolemba wamkulu wa kafukufukuyu.
"Anthu amadziwa mwachidwi kuti pali zambiri [kudya mopitirira muyeso] kuposa kungofuna," akutero. “Pali kachitidwe muubongo komwe katsegulidwa kapena katsegulidwa kwambiri, kameneka ndiko kuyendetsa [kudya mopitirira muyeso] pang'ono pang'ono.
"Phunziroli, lofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Nature Neuroscience, Kenny ndi mnzake wolemba nawo adasanthula magulu atatu a makoswe a labu kwa masiku 40. Limodzi mwa maguluwa lidapatsidwa chakudya chamakoswe chokhazikika. Wachiwiri adadyetsedwa nyama yankhumba, soseji, cheesecake, kuzizira, ndi zakudya zina zonenepetsa, zopatsa mafuta kwambiri - koma ola limodzi lokha tsiku lililonse.
Gulu lachitatu linaloledwa kutulutsa nkhumba pa zakudya zosayenera mpaka maola a 23 tsiku. Palibe zodabwitsa kuti makoswe omwe adzidya okha pa chakudya chaumunthu mwamsanga anakula. Koma ubongo wawo unasintha. Pofufuza kufufuza kwa magulu a ubongo, ofufuza adapeza kuti makoswe omwe ali m'gulu lachitatu adayamba kulekerera chisangalalo chomwe chakudyacho chinapatsidwa ndikusowa kudya kwambiri.
Anayamba kudya mokakamiza, mpaka pomwe amapitilizabe kutero akumva kuwawa. Ofufuzawo atagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kumapazi a makoswe pamaso pa chakudya, makoswe m'magulu awiri oyambawo anachita mantha kuti asadye. Koma makoswe onenepa sanali. "Iwo amangokhalira kudya chakudya," akutero Kenny.
M'maphunziro apitalo, makoswe awonetsa kusintha komweko kwa ubongo pamene amapatsidwa mwayi wopanda malire wa cocaine kapena heroin. Ndipo makoswe amanyalanyaza chilango choti apitirize kudya cocaine, ofufuza apeza.
Popeza kuti zakudya zopanda thanzi zingayambitse kuyankha kumeneku sizodabwitsa, atero Dr. Gene-Jack Wang, MD, wapampando wa dipatimenti yazachipatala ku Laborator ya National Brookhaven ku US, ku Upton, New York.
"Tsopano timapanga chakudya chathu kukhala chofanana ndi cocaine," akutero.
Mazira a Coca akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira nthawi zakale, iye akufotokoza, koma anthu adaphunzira kuyeretsa kapena kusintha cocaine kuti apereke mosamalitsa kwa ubongo wawo (mwa kujecting kapena kusuta, mwachitsanzo). Izi zinapangitsa mankhwalawa kukhala ovuta kwambiri.
Malinga ndi a Wang, chakudya chidasinthiranso chimodzimodzi. "Timatsuka chakudya chathu," akutero. "Makolo athu adadya mbewu zonse, koma ife tikudya mkate woyera. Amwenye Achimereka ankadya chimanga; timadya manyuchi a chimanga.
"Zosakaniza mu chakudya chamakono choyeretsedwa zimapangitsa anthu" kudya mosazindikira komanso mosafunikira, "komanso kupangitsa nyama" kudya monga wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo [amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo], "akutero a Wang.
Dopamine yotchedwa neurotransmitter dopamine imawoneka kuti ndi yomwe imayambitsa makoswe omwe amadya kwambiri, malinga ndi kafukufukuyu. Dopamine imakhudzidwa ndi malo osangalatsa aubongo (kapena mphotho), ndipo imathandizanso pakulimbikitsa machitidwe. "Amauza ubongo kuti china chake chachitika ndipo muyenera kuphunzira kuchokera pazomwe zachitika kumene," akutero Kenny.
Kudya kwambiri kunachititsa kuti magulu ena a dopamine receptor mu ubongo wa makoswe obeta kuti aleke, phunziroli linapezekanso. Kwa anthu, ziŵerengero zochepa za zovomerezeka zomwezo zakhala zikugwirizanitsa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo zingakhale zamoyo, Kenny akuti.
Komabe, sizitanthauza kuti aliyense wobadwa ndi milingo yotsika ya dopamine amalandira chizolowezi kapena kudya mopitirira muyeso. Monga Wang anenera, zinthu zachilengedwe, osati majini okha, ndizomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi machitidwe onsewa.
Wang akuchenjezanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira za maphunziro a nyama kwa anthu kungakhale kovuta. Mwachitsanzo, akuti, pofufuza zamankhwala ochepetsa kunenepa, makoswe adataya 30% ya kulemera kwawo, koma anthu pa mankhwala omwewo adatsika osachepera 5% ya kulemera kwawo. "Simungathe kutsanzira machitidwe amunthu, koma [maphunziro a nyama] akhoza kukupatsani chidziwitso cha zomwe zingachitike mwa anthu," akutero a Wang.
Ngakhale amavomereza kuti kafukufuku wake sangathe kumasulira kwa anthu, Kenny akuti zomwe apeza zikuwunikira njira za ubongo zomwe zimayendetsa kudya kwambiri ndipo zingathenso kutsogolera mankhwala atsopano kuti azitha kunenepa kwambiri.
"Tikadakhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwala omwewo atha kukhala onenepa kwambiri," akutero.
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