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Søren Dinesen Østergaard
Choyamba chosindikizidwa: 21 September 2017
Yolembedwa ndi (CrossRef): Zolemba za 0 Zasinthidwa komaliza 27 September 2017
Facebook, yomwe imakhala yaikulu kwambiri, imakhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 2 mabiliyoni a mwezi [1], yolingana ndi oposa 25% ya anthu padziko lapansi. Ngakhale kupezeka kwa malo ochezera a pa intaneti kumawoneka ngati kopanda phindu kapena kopindulitsa, kafukufuku waposachedwa wanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Facebook ndi malo ena ochezera pa TV kumatha kukhala ndi vuto paumoyo wamaganizidwe [2-5].
Pa kafukufuku wam'mbuyo wam'mbuyo mowirikiza wokhudzana ndi mafunde atatu (2013, 2014, ndi 2015) kuchokera kwa oposa 5000 omwe ali nawo ku Gallup Panel Social Network Study, Shakya ndi Christakis adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Facebook (komwe kunayesedwa moyenera ) adawonetsedwa molakwika ndi kudzidandaulira mwadzidzidzi [3]. Onse osindikiza 'like' patsamba la ena la Facebook ndikulemba 'zosintha zamtundu' patsamba lawo la Facebook adalumikizidwa ndi thanzi lam'mutu. Chofunika kwambiri, zotsatirazi zinali zolimba pakuwunika komwe kukuyembekezeredwa ndi mafunde awiri omwe akuwonetsa kuti kuwongolera zotsatira kumachokera ku Facebook kugwiritsa ntchito kuchepa kwamaganizidwe osati njira ina [3]. Komabe, chifukwa cha chidziwitso cha deta yolongosola, zotsatirazi sizikuyimira umboni wa zotsatira zovulaza za Facebook, koma mwina-chifukwa cha kachitidwe ka nthawi yaitali kafukufuku-akuyimira kuwonetsa kwabwino kwa zotsatira za Facebook pa maganizo Kukhala bwino mpaka lero [3]. Kafukufuku wina wam'mbuyo wotsimikizira kuti ntchito ya Facebook ingawononge moyo wabwino ndi wa Tromholt [5] omwe otsogolera a 1095 anapatsidwa mwachindunji (kapena m'malo mwake mwachangu) kuti atsatire malangizo amodzi: (i) 'Pitirizani kugwiritsa ntchito Facebook monga sabata yotsatira' kapena ii) 'Musagwiritse ntchito Facebook sabata yotsatira '[5]. Pambuyo pa sabata lino, anthu omwe adatumizidwa ku gulu lodziletsa la Facebook adanena kuti ali ndi moyo wokhutira kwambiri komanso amakhala ndi maganizo abwino kuposa omwe amapatsidwa ku "Facebook monga mwachizolowezi" gulu [5]. Komabe, chifukwa cha malingaliro osadziwika a phunziro lino, zotsatira zake sizikuyimira umboni wa zotsatira za Facebook kukhala-zotsatira, zomwe zingakhale zovuta kukhazikitsa.
Ngati ife tikuganiza kuti ntchito ya Facebook imakhala ndi zotsatira zovulaza ubwino wa m'maganizo, kodi ndi njira yanji yomwe ikugwiritsira ntchito? Cholinga ichi sichinali chodziwika bwino, koma kufotokozera mwachidziwitso-ndi chithandizo china chothandiza-ndi chakuti anthu amasonyeza kwambiri zinthu zabwino kwambiri pamoyo wawo pa zamasamba [6] ndi anthu ena-amene amakonda kutenga malingaliro abwino omwe ali osagwirizana nawo-potero amvetsetse kuti moyo wawo umaganizira molakwika ndi wa ena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Facebook [7]. Monga momwe ziwonetsero zaposachedwapa za Hanna et al. Ziwonetseratu, kufanana kwapakati pazomwe anthu amakhala nako kungathetsere zotsatira zoyipa za ntchito ya Facebook pa umoyo wabwino [4].
Kodi ndizomveka kuti zotsatira zolakwika za Facebook pa umoyo waumphawi zimathandizira pa chitukuko cha matenda enieni? Yankho la funso ili ndilo lakuti 'inde', monga momwe zatsimikiziridwa kuti zochepa za kudzidzimva bwino kwaumwini ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha matenda a maganizo-makamaka kuvutika maganizo [8]. Kuwonjezera apo, anthu omwe amakhala ndi vuto lovutika maganizo angakhale ovuta kwambiri ku zotsatira zovulaza za chikhalidwe cha anthu chifukwa cha zomwe zimazitcha kuti chidziwitso chosayenera, chomwe chiri chofala kwambiri chiwerengerochi [9-11]. Pa nkhani ya Facebook, zifukwa zolakwika zowonjezereka zingatheke kuti anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo kuvutika maganizo angaone kuti moyo wawo umaganizira makamaka zoipa kwa anthu ena pa Facebook. Kuwonjezera pa kuvutika maganizo, zikuoneka kuti Facebook ndi zojambula zina zowonongeka zowonongeka zingakhale ndi zotsatira zowononga poyambitsa matenda a maganizo omwe chithunzi cholakwika / chosokonezeka ndi mbali ya matenda a maganizo, monga matenda odwala [4, 12].
Ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mafilimu monga Facebook akulepheretsa thanzi labwino, tingakhale tikukumana ndi mliri wadziko lonse wa matenda a maganizo, omwe mwinamwake umakhudza kwambiri achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamuwa kwambiri [3]. Momwemo, munda wamaganizo ayenera kuchitapo kanthu mwakuya ndikupitiriza maphunziro pa zotsatira za chikhalidwe cha anthu pa thanzi labwino, ndi njira zochepetsera izi ngati ziri zovulaza. Njira imodzi yochitira zimenezi ingakhale kupanikizika mobwerezabwereza-kwa ana ndi achinyamata makamaka kuti makanema okhudzana ndi chitukuko amachokera kumaganizo osankhidwa ndi osakondera omwe sakuyenera kutengedwa pamtengo wapatali.
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