Int J High Risk Behav Addict. 2015 Dec; 4 (4): e26359.
Idasindikizidwa pa intaneti 2015 Dec 19. do: 10.5812 / ijhrba.26359
PMCID: PMC4744898
Ankur Sachdeva1,* ndi Rohit Verma2
Kudalirika
Kuyamba:
Intaneti imakhala ngati chida chopindulitsa pa kafufuzidwe, kulankhulana, ndi chidziwitso. Komabe, ntchito yake yochuluka komanso yaitali imatha kuyambitsa chizolowezi choledzeretsa. Kuwonetsa kowopsya kachipangizochi kungapangidwe ndi zovuta zomwe zimakhalapo pakati pa anthu ndi zochitika zaumunthu mpaka kusokonezeka kwakukulu mu khalidwe ndi kudzikonda. Palibe maphunziro omwe akupezeka pa intaneti omwe amamwa mowa amapezeka kuchokera ku India.
Kufotokozera Mlandu:
Tinawafotokozera milandu ya abale awiri, omwe anapeza kuti ali ndi vuto lochita masewera a pa Intaneti, omwe adawonetsa khalidwe losasokonezeka kwambiri ndipo adanyalanyaza zofuna zawo. Mkhalidwewu unayang'aniridwa ndi mankhwala osamalidwa ndi mankhwala komanso osamalidwa ndi mankhwala, ndi kuwongolera kotsirizira pambuyo pa miyezi ya 6 ikutsata.
Zotsatira:
Kugonjetsa maseŵero a pa intaneti kungayambitse mavuto aakulu, umunthu, ndi ntchito. Ngakhale kuti pali zovuta zambiri komanso zochitika zosiyanasiyana za matendawa, DSM-5 ilibe vuto lokhalitsa. Kuzindikiritsa koyambirira ndi kuyang'anira kungabweretseretu kwathunthu.
1. Introduction
Kufalikira kwadzidzidzi kwa intaneti kwachititsa kuti pakhale mwayi wapadera wofufuza, kulankhulana, ndi kudziwa. Zothandiza pang'onopang'ono, zodabwitsa zamakono zamakono zamakono zakhala zikuchepa kuthupi ndi m'maganizo bwino chifukwa cha zomwe zingayambitse kuwonetsa zolaula, kusewera kwambiri, kusewera kwa maola ambiri, kutchova njuga, ndi kugula pa intaneti.
Goldberg ku 1995 adatchula mawu akuti "kuledzera kwa intaneti" chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti mosavuta (1). Kusewera kwambiri pa intaneti kwatchulidwa ngati gawo lapadera la kuledzera kwa intaneti (2). Malingana ndi malipoti ena, mpaka ku 90% a achinyamata a ku America amasewera masewera a kanema ndipo pafupifupi 15% mwa iwo akhoza kukhala osokonezeka (3). Matenda a masewera a intaneti aikidwa mu gawo III la DSM-5 (4). Komabe, sizinasankhidwe pazovuta zazikulu ngati umboni wokwanira wofufuza wofufuza ulibe. Kuwonetsa kwa vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti kungakhalepo chifukwa cha zowawa zaumunthu zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu asasokoneze khalidwe komanso kudzikonda. Komabe, DSM-5 ilibe vuto lokhalitsa. Kumvetsetsa kwa chizoloŵezi cha intaneti ndikumayambiriro koyamba ku Indian subcontinent. Palibe kafukufuku amene anauzidwa pazinthu zolimbana ndi maseŵera a intaneti akupezeka ku India. Timalongosola abale awiri omwe anapeza kuti ali ndi vuto lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi pa intaneti, ali ndi khalidwe losasokonezeka kwambiri ndipo amanyalanyaza kudzikonda. Tinathetsa vuto lawo ndi mankhwala ndi fluoxetine.
2. Nkhani Yokambirana
Mamembala A ndi B anali abale awiri osakwatiwa, omwe anali a nyukiliya ya gulu lapamwamba la chikhalidwe cha anthu mumzinda wa Delhi. A A ndi zaka 19, akuphunzira mu 12th nthawi yomwe Bambo B ali ndi zaka 22, akuphunzira mu 2nd chaka cha sayansi ku Haryana, India.
Abale onsewa adabweretsedwanso ndi makolo awo ndi zodandaula zoyambira zachinyengo, pang'onopang'ono kupita patsogolo pamasewera pa intaneti, kukwiya, kuchepa kwamaphunziro, komanso kudzisamalira pazaka 2 zapitazi. Vutoli lidayamba pomwe abale onsewa amakhala limodzi kunyumba ndikuyamba kusewera masewera a pa intaneti ndi anzawo pa intaneti ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chakusiyana kwa GMT (nthawi ya Greenwich) m'maiko onse, analibe nthawi yeniyeni yamasewera ndipo chifukwa chake masewerawa amasokoneza tulo ndi zochita zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku. Kutalika kwamasewera pa intaneti kudakulirakulira kuchokera pa 2 - 4 maola patsiku mpaka 14 - 18 maola patsiku miyezi ingapo yoyambirira. Khalidwe komanso kudzisamalira kwa abalewa kudasokonekera komanso kusokonekera kotero kuti akamasewera, ankakodza ndikutulutsa zovala zawo, sanasinthe zovala kwa masiku ambiri, sanasambe, sanadye chakudya, sanatenge mafoni kapena kutsegula ngakhale makolo awo. Sanadandaule ngakhale alendo omwe adalowa mnyumbamo iwo akuba mnyumba. Nyumba yawo idalandidwa ndalama kawiri komanso zinthu zamtengo wapatali pamaso pawo, m'miyezi iwiri yapitayi pomwe anali otanganidwa kusewera masewera apa intaneti. Onsewa adalephera m'makalasi awo chaka chatha ngakhale anali ophunzira opambana. Adalalatira makolo, kuwazunza ndikuwamenya komanso kutsekera m'zipinda zawo akaletsedwa kusewera.
Odwalawo anavomerezedwa powona pamwamba pa mavuto, kuwopsa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kufufuza kwawo kwachidziwitso, kufufuza mwachangu, ndi kufufuza kwa laboratori kunali kosayenera. Pa kuyankhulana, kukhumudwa, ndipo kukhumba masewera kunakhazikitsidwa. Palibe zizindikiro za psychotic zomwe zinanenedwa kapena zinalembedwa. Cholinga cha chithandizochi chinali kuchepetsa kukhumudwa, kuchepetsa kugona, kuchita zinthu tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi kudzipangira okha komanso kulimbikitsa zolinga komanso kuchepetsa chilakolako cha masewera a pa Intaneti kuti asadzakhalenso mtsogolo. Kufufuza kwa matenda opatsirana pogonana kunasonyeza mavuto odzitetezera, kusokonezeka maganizo, ndi kuperewera kwa abale onsewa.
Fluoxetine 20 mg / tsiku linayambika (kuwonjezeka kufika ku 40 mg / tsiku) pamodzi ndi clonazepam 0.5 mg momwe akufunira kuti agone. Njira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito zapadera ndizofunikira kwambiri. Zinaphatikizapo malire okhazikitsa, kufunsana mwachidwi, kukonzekera ntchito, kukonzekera ntchito, mabanja ndi anthu ena, njira zododometsa, komanso kulimbikitsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zoyenera. Mu mwezi umodzi wokhala kuchipatala, odwala onse awiri amakula bwino ndi kuchepa kwachisangalalo komanso kufunafuna maseŵera a pa intaneti, kudzikonda komanso kusamalira ukhondo, kugona bwino, ndi chidwi pa maphunziro. Kupititsa patsogolo kwa miyezi ya 6 kumatsatira, ngakhale atasiya fluoxetine ndi njira zosavuta zothetsera khalidwe pogwiritsa ntchito makolo ngati othandizira.
3. Kukambirana
N'zosakayikitsa kuti intaneti ndi chinthu chochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Pogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndi cholinga chabwino, ili ndi phindu lalikulu la sayansi mu kufufuza, kulankhulana, kudziwa, zosangalatsa, malonda, ndi kuphunzira. Komabe, nthawi zonse pali mbali yamdima yatsopano zamakono. Ngati zili pa intaneti, izo zimasanduka chidakwa chomwe chiri lingaliro laposachedwapa ndipo likupitiriza kufufuza. Kugonjetsa maseŵera a pa intaneti ndi chinthu chatsopano mu dziko la intaneti (5). Kwa achinyamata ambiri, kupatula nthawi pa kompyuta kumatanthauza kusewera masewera a pakompyuta. Kampani yofufuza za msika yanena kuti China ndi yofunika kwambiri pamsika wa masewera otere monga $ 12 biliyoni mu 2013. Nkhani yowonongeka kwaposachedwapa yanena kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha 0.2% ku Germany kupita ku 50% ku achinyamata a ku Korea (6).
Ngakhale kuti vuto la kusewera pa intaneti silimasankhidwa ndi vuto lalikulu la DSM-5, ofufuza apeza kuti maseŵera a intaneti akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi anthu a misinkhu yonse, makamaka achinyamata, omwe angakumane ndi mavuto aakulu okhudzana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito masewera (6). Malinga ndi DSM-5 (4), Vuto la kusewera pa intaneti limatanthawuza "kugwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza ndi kobwerezabwereza pa intaneti kuti azichita masewera, nthawi zambiri ndi osewera ena, zomwe zimawathandiza kuwonongeka kwakukulu kapena matenda monga momwe ziwonetsedwera ndi 5 (kapena zambiri) mu miyezi ya 12." Izi zimaphatikizapo kusowa mphamvu pa ntchito ya masewera a pa intaneti, kuganizira za masewera a intaneti, kuchotsa maganizo, kukonda kulekerera masewera komanso kusowa kwa masewera, kutayika kwa zofunikira zina, kugwiritsa ntchito masewera a pa Intaneti ngakhale zotsatira zovuta, ndi kuchepa kwakukulu m'madera achikhalidwe ndi ogwira ntchito (4, 6). Zizindikiro zonsezi zidawonetsedwa kapena zinafotokozedwa mu lipoti la odwala. Kugonjetsa maseŵera a pa intaneti ndi matenda omwe amavomerezedwa kwambiri ndi maseŵero otchedwa masewera ambiri a pa Intaneti (MMOs) (7) komanso masewera ochita masewera ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti (MMORPGs) monga World of Warcraft (8). MMORPGs ndi masewera osewera ndi osewera masewera panthawi yomweyo (masewera ambiri). Chifukwa chakuti masewerawa amasewera pa intaneti, palibe malire a malo kapena nyengo ndipo amalola osewera kutenga maudindo osiyanasiyana. MMORPGs amagwiritsira ntchito mfundo zoyendetsera ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito kwambiri kulimbikitsa njira zoperekera mphotho. Choncho, masewerawa amapangidwa kuti apange nthawi yomwe osewera amatha kusewera. Chimodzimodzinso chinawonedwa mwa odwala kumene ankakonda kusewera masewera oterewa ndi mabwenzi enieni ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana komanso nthawi zovuta.
Pali nkhawa yowonjezereka yokhudza zotsatira zingapo zoipa zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi vuto la kusewera pa Intaneti. Zotsatira za maganizo zimasiyanasiyana ndipo zimaphatikizapo zovuta mu ubale weniweni wa moyo, kusokonezeka mu tulo, ntchito, maphunziro, kucheza, chidwi, maphunziro, ndi kukumbukira. Zingaphatikizepo nkhanza ndi udani, nkhawa, ndi kusungulumwa (6, 9-11). Zambiri mwa zisokonezozi zikuwonekera pa odwala onsewa.
Poganizira zogawanika zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ozunguza bongo, zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pazomwe zili pamwambapa, kuwonetsa maseŵera a pa intaneti kungathe kuikidwa pambali pa mavuto akuluakulu m'tsogolo. DSM-5 iyenera kuganizira zochitika zovuta za matendawa, zomwe zingawononge mosiyana malinga ndi zomwe zili ndi mtundu wa masewera, chikhalidwe cha masewera, ndi mtundu wa umunthu wofanana. Kuledzera kwa intaneti ndi magulu atsopano komanso omwe akubwera ku Indian subcontinent (12). Zakhala zikufalikira ndi kufalikira kudera lonse la subcontinent, mosasamala za kayendedwe kabwino ka banja ndi kuyang'anira kwa makolo. Maphunziro oyenerera amayenera kuchitidwa ku Indian subcontinent kuti awonetse kuchuluka kwa mtundu wa masewera olimbitsa thupi. Njira zofunikira pakuletsa mliriwu ukuyenera kutengedwa monga mwa malamulo osagulitsa / kugula, kuika malire a zaka, ndi kulepheretsa kupeza masewera a pa intaneti.
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