Ndemanga: Yolembedwa mu 2008, maphunziro angapo asanatsimikizire kuti kusintha kwamaubongo kumachitika pa intaneti / pamasewera omwe ali ndi vuto lomweli lomwe limawoneka muubongo wa osokoneza bongo.
Okonza | March 01, 2008
Nkhani za DSM-V: Internet Addiction
Jerald J. Block
Am J Psychiatry 2008; 165: 306-307. onetsani: 10.1176 / appi.ajp.2007.07101556
Kulimbana ndi intaneti kumawoneka ngati matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku DSM-V. Kulingalira, matendawa ndi matenda osokoneza maganizo omwe amachititsa kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta a pa intaneti ndi / kapena osagwirizana ndi Intaneti (1, 2) ndipo amakhala ndi magawo atatu ochepa: kusewera kwambiri, kugonana, komanso mauthenga a e-mail / mauthenga (3). Zonsezi zikugawana zigawo zinayi zotsatirazi: 1) kugwiritsira ntchito kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zokhudzana ndi kutayika kwa nthawi yeniyeni kapena kunyalanyaza zoyambira, 2) kuchotsa, kuphatikizapo mkwiyo, kupsinjika, ndi / kapena kupsinjika pamene kompyuta zovuta, 3) kulekerera, kuphatikizapo kufunika kwa zipangizo zamakono zamapakompyuta, mapulogalamu ambiri, kapena maola ochuluka, ndi zotsatira zolakwika za 4), kuphatikizapo kutsutsana, kunama, kupambana kovuta, kudzipatula, ndi kutopa (3, 4).
Zina mwa zochititsa chidwi kwambiri kafukufuku pa intaneti zikufalitsidwa ku South Korea. Pambuyo pa imfa zambiri za 10 zakufa pa intaneti (5) ndi kupha munthu wokhudzana ndi masewera (6), South Korea imaona kuti vutoli ndilo vuto lalikulu la thanzi la anthu (7). Pogwiritsira ntchito deta kuchokera ku 2006, boma la South Korea likuganiza kuti pafupifupi ana a 210,000 South Korea (2.1%; zaka 6-19) akuvutika ndipo amafuna mankhwala (5). Pafupifupi 80% mwa iwo osowa mankhwala angafunikire mankhwala a psychotropic, ndipo mwina 20% mpaka 24% amafuna hospitalization (7).
Popeza kuti wophunzira wa sekondale wa ku South Korea amatha maola a 23 sabata iliyonse (8), ena a 1.2 miliyoni amakhulupirira kuti ali pangozi yoti adziŵe mankhwala ozunguza bongo ndipo amafunsira uphungu wothandiza. Makamaka, othandizira amadandaula za kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akuchoka kusukulu kapena kugwira ntchito kuti azigwiritsa ntchito nthawi pa makompyuta (5). Kuyambira mwezi wa June 2007, South Korea yaphunzitsa alangizi a 1,043 powagwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti ndipo adalembera zipatala za 190 ndi malo opatsirana (7). Njira zothandizira tsopano zikuyambitsidwa kusukulu (9).
China imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa. Pamsonkhano waposachedwa, Tao Ran, Ph.D., Mtsogoleri wa Addiction Medicine ku Beijing Military Region Central Hospital, adanena kuti 13.7% a achinyamata a ku China achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti akupeza njira zothetsera vutoli-pafupifupi achinyamata a 10 miliyoni. Zotsatira zake, mu 2007 China zinayamba kulepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito masewera a pakompyuta; Malamulo amasiku ano akulepheretsa maola oposa 3 a masewera a tsiku ndi tsiku (10).
Ku United States, kulingalira kolondola kwa kufalikira kwa matenda sikusowa (11, 12). Mosiyana ndi ku Asia, kumene malo odyera pa intaneti amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, m'maseŵera a United States ndipo kugonana komweko kumapezeka kuchokera kunyumba. Kuyesera kuyesa chodabwitsachi ndizosautsidwa ndi manyazi, kukana, ndi kuchepetsa (3). Nkhaniyi ndi yophweka kwambiri ndi comorbidity. Pafupifupi 86% ya zovuta zowonongeka pa Intaneti zili ndi matenda ena a DSM-IV omwe alipo. Phunziro limodzi, odwala ambiri anali ndi matenda ena a 1.5 (7). Ku United States, odwala nthawi zambiri amapezeka kokha ngati ali ndi vuto la comorbid. Choncho, ngati wodwalayo sakuyang'ana pa intaneti, sizikuwoneka (3). Koma ku Asia, odwala amaphunzitsidwa kuyang'ana.
Ngakhale kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe, kufotokozera kwathu kumakhala kofanana kwambiri ndi anzathu a ku Asia (8, 13-15), ndipo tikuwoneka kuti tikukumana ndi vuto lomwelo. Mwamwayi, kuledzeretsa kwa intaneti sikulimbana ndi chithandizo, kumayambitsa zoopsa zazikulu (16), ndipo imakhala ndi miyeso yowonjezera. Komanso, zimapangitsa kuti matenda osokoneza bongo apitirire kuchepetsa mankhwala (3).
Zothandizira
1.
Dell'Osso B, Altamura AC, Allen A, Marazziti D, Hollander E: Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi komanso zowonjezereka zokhudzana ndi zovuta zowonongeka. Eur Arch Clinic Clinic Neurosci 2006; 256: 464-475
2.
Hollander E, Stein DJ (eds): Clinical Manual ya Impulse-Control Disorders. Arlington, Va, American Psychiatric Publishing, 2006
3.
Gwiritsani ntchito JJ: Kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta ku USA, ku 2007 International Symposium pa Uphungu ndi Chithandizo cha Achinyamata pa Intaneti. Seoul, Korea, Commission ya National Youth, 2007, p 433
4.
Beard KW, Wolf EM: Kusinthidwa muzomwe zimapangidwira kuti zikhale zovuta pa Intaneti. Cyberpsychol Behav 2001; 4: 377-383
5.
Choi YH: Kupititsa patsogolo za IT ndi kuopsa kwa chizoloŵezi cha achinyamata pa intaneti, mu 2007 International Symposium pa Kupereka Uphungu ndi Chithandizo cha Kugonana kwa Achinyamata pa Internet. Seoul, Korea, Commission ya National Youth, 2007, p 20
6.
Koh YS: Kukula ndi kugwiritsira ntchito K-Scale monga chiwerengero cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ku Korea, ku 2007 International Symposium pa Uphungu ndi Chithandizo cha Achinyamata pa Intaneti. Seoul, Korea, Commission ya National Youth, 2007, p 294
7.
Ahn DH: Maphunziro a ku Korean ochizira ndi kukonzanso achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la intaneti pa 2007 International Symposium pa Kupereka Uphungu ndi Chithandizo cha Ulimbidzi wa Achinyamata pa Internet. Seoul, Korea, Commission ya National Youth, 2007, p 49
8.
Kim BN: Kuchokera pa intaneti kupita ku "banja-net": Wogwiritsa ntchito intaneti motsutsana ndi mtsogoleri wa digito, mu 2007 International Symposium on the Counselling and Treatment of Youth Internet Addiction. Seoul, Korea, National Youth Commission, 2007, tsamba 196
9.
Ju YA: Mapulogalamu ophunzirira sukulu pa intaneti oletsa kuletsa ndi kulowetsa, mu 2007 International Msonkhano pa Kupereka Uphungu ndi Chithandizo cha Ulimbidzi wa Achinyamata pa intaneti. Seoul, Korea, Commission ya National Youth, 2007, p 243
10.
Pamene akusewera kwambiri, amasiya kwambiri. Daily Daily Online, April 10, 2007
11.
Aboujaoude E, Koran LM, Gamel N, MD, MD, Serpe RT: Zizindikiro zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti: kufufuza kwa foni kwa akuluakulu a 2,513. CNS Wopenya 2006; 11: 750-755
12.
Lembani JJ: Kukula kumatchulidwira muvuta kugwiritsa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti (kalata). CNS Wopenya 2007; 12: 14
13.
Lee HC: Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo pa intaneti: Kuzindikira ndi khalidwe, mu 2007 International Symposium pa Uphungu ndi Chithandizo cha Achinyamata pa Intaneti. Seoul, Korea, Commission ya National Youth, 2007, p 138
14.
Lembani JJ: Masewera a pamakompyuta a pathological. Psychiatric Times, March 1, 2007, p 49
15.
Ko CH: Zomwe zimachitika pamasewera a pa Intaneti popanda vuto linalake la matenda a maganizo, mu 2007 International Symposium pa Uphungu ndi Chithandizo cha Addiction Internet Achinyamata, Seoul, Korea, Commission National Youth, 2007, p 401
16.
Lembani JJ: Tikuphunzira kuchokera ku Columbine: pafupifupi ndi ukali weniweni. Am J Zogwiritsira Ntchito Zogwira Mtima Psychiatry 2007; 28: 5-33
Maadiresi a maadiresi ndi zolembedwanso kwa Dr. Block, 1314 Northwest Irving St., Suite 508, Portland, OR 97209; [imelo ndiotetezedwa] (e-mail). Okonza anavomerezedwa kuti atulutse November 2007 (doi: 10.1176 / appi.ajp.2007.07101556).
Dr. Block ali ndi chivomerezo pa teknoloji yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kulepheretsa kupeza makompyuta. Dr. Freedman wapenda mkonzi uyu ndipo sanapeze umboni wa mphamvu kuchokera ku chiyanjano ichi.
;