Int. J. Environ. Res. Thanzi Labwino 2016, 13(3), 294; do:10.3390 / ijerph13030294
Kudalirika
: Khalidwe lochita zoopsa limathandizira kwambiri pazomwe zikutsogolera kusokonezeka kwa achinyamata ndi achinyamata; komabe, mgwirizano wawo wogwiritsa ntchito ma Internet (PIU) sudziwikanso, makamaka ku Europe. Cholinga chachikulu cha phunziroli ndikufufuza mayanjano omwe ali pakati pa achinyamata omwe akuchita zoopsa ndi PIU mwa achinyamata aku Europe. Kufufuza kwamtunduwu kunachitika mkati mwa projekiti ya FP7 European Union: Kupulumutsa ndi Kukulitsa Achinyamata ku Europe (SEYLE). Zambiri zokhudzana ndi achinyamata zidatengedwa kusukulu zokhazokha mosaphunzitsira kumayiko 11 a ku Europe. PIU inayezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Young's Diagnostic Questionnaire (YDQ). Makhalidwe oika pachiwopsezo adayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso omwe atengedwa kuchokera ku Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). Achinyamata onse a 11,931 adaphatikizidwa pazosanthula: 43.4% wamwamuna ndi 56.6% wamkazi (M / F: 5179 / 6752), ali ndi zaka zaka 14.89 ± 0.87. Achinyamata omwe amafotokoza za kugona mokwanira komanso zomwe zimawopsa pachiwopsezo adawonetsa kuyanjana kwamphamvu ndi PIU, kutsatiridwa ndi kusuta fodya, kudya mokwanira komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mwa achinyamata omwe ali mgulu la PIU, 89.9% adadziwika kuti ali ndi machitidwe owopsa ambiri. Chiyanjano chofunikira chomwe chikuwoneka pakati pa PIU ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo, ndikuphatikizana kwambiri, chimatsimikizira kufunikira kwa kuganizira za PIU mukamayang'ana, kuchiza kapena kupewa mchitidwe woopsa pakati pa achinyamata.
1. Introduction
2. Zida ndi njira
2.1. Kapangidwe ka Maphunziro ndi Chiwerengero cha Anthu
2.2. Miyeso
2.3. Zochitika Pazokha Zoyipa
2.3.1. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala
2.3.2. Kufunafuna
2.3.3. Makhalidwe
2.4. Zowopsa Zambiri
3. Kusanthula Kwasanthu
4. Zotsatira
4.1. Makhalidwe a Phunziro Phunziro
4.2. Kuwonekera kwa Zoopsa
4.3. Zowopsa Zambiri
4.4. Kusanthula kwa GLMM kwa Association pakati pa Ziwopsezo za Behaviors, MIU ndi PIU
4.5. Kuyanjana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi
5. Kukambirana
5.1. Kuwonekera kwa Zoopsa
5.2. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala
5.3. Kufunafuna
5.4. Makhalidwe
5.5. Zowopsa Zambiri
5.6. Kuyanjana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi
5.7. Zophatikizira za Griffiths
5.8. Mphamvu ndi Zofooka
6. Zotsatira
Kuvomereza
Zopereka za Wolemba
Mikangano ya Chidwi
achidule
SEYLE | Kupulumutsa ndi Kuthandiza Miyoyo Yachinyamata ku Europe |
YRBSS | Njira Yoyang'anira Ngozi Za Achinyamata |
GSHS | Global School-based Student Health Survey |
YDQ | Mafunso a Dziwoli la Achinyamata |
GLMM | Mitundu yosakanikirana yophatikizidwa |
ANOVA | Kupenda kwanjira imodzi yosiyanitsira |
PIU | Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti |
MIU | Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kwa intaneti |
AIU | Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti |
CI | Kusintha kwa chidaliro |
SEM | Chovuta chofananira |
M | Nenani |
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