Lachisanu, Mar. 07, 2008
Kugonana Kwambiri Chonde, Ndife Achifalansa
Kodi chingakhale Chifalansa chotani kuposa kugonana? Kugonana kochulukirapo, momwe zimakhalira - makamaka ngati mutakhala mkazi. Pafupifupi zaka 40 pambuyo pa kusintha kwa France mu Meyi 1968 kunabweretsa mawu oti "chisangalalo popanda chopinga," kafukufuku watsopano apeza kuti aku France a amuna ndi akazi onse amagonana mosiyanasiyana komanso pafupipafupi kuposa kale - komanso m'mbuyomu komanso mtsogolo. Komabe mwina chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mu lipotili ndi chakuti azimayi aku France akhala akusewera ndi amuna anzawo kuyambira pomwe kafukufuku womaliza wadziko lonse mu 1992.
Malinga ndi tsamba latsopano la masamba 600 la “Study of Sexuality in France,” loperekedwa ndi National Research Agency on AIDS la ku France, ziwerengero zonse za anthu ogonana komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakugonana zakula kwambiri ku France mzaka khumi zapitazi. Izi mwina sizosadabwitsa, poganizira momwe chiwerewere chilili muzosangalatsa, pa intaneti, komanso pokambirana pagulu. Zomwe sizingayembekezeredwe, komabe, ndi momwe azimayi aku France adatsekera kusiyana ndi amuna potengera kuchuluka kwa okonda, zaka zoyambira, ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zomwe amachita. Mwanjira zina, akazi agwirapo amuna koyamba. Ndi 3.5% yokha azimayi azaka zapakati pa 18-35 azaka zomwe akuti ndi odziletsa, mwachitsanzo, motsutsana ndi 6.2% ya amuna azaka zomwezo. Azimayi a ku France akuchita zachiwerewere kuyambira ali aang'ono komanso mobwerezabwereza kusiyana ndi kale, pamene 20% a amuna a ku France omwe ali ndi zaka 18-24 akuti alibe chidwi ndi ntchito zachiwerewere kapena zachikondi zilizonse.
Phunziroli, lomwe linafufuza amuna ndi akazi a 12,000 pakati pa zaka za 18 ndi 69, limafotokoza kuti zaka zambiri zoyamba kugonana zimakhala zaka 17.2 kwa amuna a ku France, ndipo 17.6 kwa akazi - kuyambira zaka pafupifupi 20 pakati pa akazi mu 1996. (Ziwerengero zoyerekezera ku US Awonetseni zaka zapakati pa kugonana koyamba monga zaka 17.3 kwa amuna ndi 17.5 kwa akazi.) Chiwerengero cha anthu ogonana nawo nthawi zonse chimawonjezeka: Akazi a ku France pakati pa zaka za 30 ndi 49 amawerengera 5.1 okonda m'miyoyo yawo (poyerekeza ndi 4 mu 1992 ndi 1.5 mu 1970). Amuna azaka zomwezo amapereka manambala okwera kwambiri - othandizana nawo 12.9 masiku ano - koma asintha pang'ono kuposa omwe adalengezedwa mu 1992 (12.6) ndi 1970 (12.8). Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akuti adangogonana ndi m'modzi m'modzi miyoyo yawo kwatsika kuchokera pa 43% mu 1992 kwa akazi mpaka 34% lero, poyerekeza ndi 16% mwa amuna (kuyambira 18% mpaka 21% mu 1970 ndi 1992 motsatira). Mokwanira 90% ya Azimayi oposa zaka za 50 amati akugonana, kudumpha kwakukulu kuchokera ku 50% mu 1970.
Chifukwa chodziletsa? Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti kusinthaku kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakupezeka pazinthu zogonana komanso kupumula kwakukulu komwe okwatirana omwe ali ndi malingaliro ofanana atha kupezana. Ripotilo lapeza kuti ana awiri odabwitsa mwa atatu aliwonse ku France awonerera kanema wolaula ali ndi zaka 11; 10% ya akazi ndi 13% ya amuna, pamenepo, ati adzagwiritsa ntchito masamba awebusayiti kuti alumikizane ndi omwe akufuna kukhala nawo. Pazaka zazing'ono, azimayi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ukondewo pokonzekera masiku amapitilira amphongo.
Koma kuwonjezeka konseko sikutanthauza kuti Achifalansa ali achimwemwe komanso osintha bwino m'thumba. Pafupifupi 36% ya azimayi aku France akuti adakumana ndi mavuto "ogonana kapena osowa" mchaka chatha cha moyo wawo, pomwe amuna opitilira 21% aku France adanenanso zomwezo. Izi zikhoza kufotokoza chifukwa chake odwala pafupifupi 500,000 ku France amapita kwa aphungu. Koma kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti zikhulupiriro zina zachifalansa zomwe zakhala zopanda maziko zilibe maziko, makamaka mikangano yazikhalidwe zachi French zomwe zilakolako zawo zakugonana mwachilengedwe zimawapatsa zifukwa zopusitsira zambiri. Amayi achi France, zimapezeka kuti atha kukangana chimodzimodzi.
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