Maganizo Olaula (2018), Stephen A. Wilson, MD, MPH

Stephen A. Wilson, MD, MPH

Fam Med. 2018;50(3):238-240.

DOI: 10.22454 / FamMed.2018.365688

Akazi ndi amuna ndi osiyana. Poyesera mwayi wofanana ndi chithandizo nthawi zambiri mumasokonezeka pa zofanana ndi zomwezo, zomwe zingayambitse kusokoneza kapena kusokoneza zokambirana.

Zithunzi zolaula sizovuta kuzizindikira, monga a Justice Potter Stewart a Khothi Lalikulu adati mu 1964, "… ndimazidziwa ndikaziwona" 1,2 - koma zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza. Kuchokera m'mawu achi Greek porne (hule) ndi graphein (kulemba) zithunzi zolaula zinayambira koyamba mu Chingerezi ku 1842.3,4 Zimakhala zovuta kuposa zokondweretsa zachilengedwe ndipo zimatha kulingalira ngati zosindikizidwa, zolaula, kapena zowonetserako zomwe zili ndi ndondomeko yofotokozera kapena kuwonetsera ziwalo zogonana kapena ntchito zomwe zimakondweretsa chisangalalo , nthawi zambiri kugonana.

Zomwe zili mkati mwa zombo. Pamene tikufuna kuyeretsa chikho, timatsuka mkati. Ngati tikufuna kudziwa zomwe zili mkati mwa chikho timayang'ana mkati kapena kuyang'ana zomwe zatsanuliridwa.

Chimene chimalowa mu malingaliro chimakhudza malingaliro, malingaliro, ndi makhalidwe. Chifukwa chiyani makampani angapereke ndalama $ 5 miliyoni pa malonda a 30 yachiwiri pa 2018 Super Bowl? Zizolowezi zoonera TV za 5 zimagwirizana ndi khalidwe labwino la thanzi. Achinyamata omwe ali ndi zaka 12-17 omwe amadya zowonongeka pa TV amakonda kukhala ndi chibwenzi choyambirira cha kugonana.6 Amuna achichepere, kuona zithunzi zolaula zakale zowonongeka kumagwirizanitsa ndi malingaliro ocheperapo okhudzana ndi kugonana kwa akazi ndi apamwamba kuposa chiwerewere.7

Mu 2013, 30% ya maulendo onse a intaneti akuwonetsa zolaula, ndipo malo oonera zolaula anali ndi alendo osiyana kwambiri ndi Netflix, Amazon, ndi Twitter kuphatikizapo.8 Mu 2015, Pornwub, webusaiti yolaula, inayendera 21.2 biliyoni ndikusintha 75GB ya deta iliyonse yachiwiri , zokwanira kudzaza pafupifupi ma XnUMXGB ma iPhones pafupifupi 175.16 Ndizo zambiri zomwe zimatsanulidwa mu makapu ambiri. Pafupifupi 9% -70% ya oonera zolaula pa intaneti ndi amuna.80 Amuna ndi akazi amaonera zolaula zosiyana. Kukonda kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha chifukwa chogonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndipamwamba kwambiri pakati pa akazi (8,9% ya akazi vs 21.3% ya amuna), ndi kuyang'ana zinthu zomwe sangathe (kapena sangathe?) Zomwe zimachitika pamoyo weniweni ndizofala pakati pa amuna (1.8% ya akazi vs 14% ya amuna) .70

Zithunzi zolaula zimalimbikitsa, zowonjezera, kapena zimatsimikizira mfundo monga: amayi ndi zinthu zachiwerewere; aliyense amakhala wokonzeka nthawi zonse komanso akufuna kugonana; Akazi ndi ofunika pa zomwe akuchita kapena okonzeka kuwachitira iwo zogonana; akazi ndi abambo; ndipo akazi ndi mayendedwe. Zithunzi zolaula zimapereka amuna kufotokoza zochitika zawo zakuthupi ndi zozizwitsa zosagwirizana kapena zosalamulirika monga nthawi zonse zopindulitsa kapena zofunidwa opanda phindu kuchokera kwa iwo kapena akazi awo.

Mu January 2018, Dr Lawrence G. Nassar anaweruzidwa m'ndende zaka 40-175 m'ndende chifukwa chozunza atsikana omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 6 ponseponse poyerekezera kuti amapereka chithandizo chamankhwala kapena mankhwala.11 Ngakhale kuti akuchonderera kuti azichitira nkhanza abambo asanu ndi awiri, oposa 160 abwera kudzakamba nkhani zawo zochititsa mantha.11 Chilango ichi chinali kuwonjezera pa zaka 60 zomwe analandira kale mu November 2017 pa zolaula za ana.11

Kwazaka zambiri zapitazo, pakhala pali zifukwa zambiri zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa amuna ndi akazi. Makhalidwe oipa okhudza kugonana, kuyambira m'mawu mpaka kukhudza zosafuna kugwiriridwa, sizatsopano. Mbiri zathu zachikhalidwe ndi zachiwerewere zokambirana ndi odwala zatiphunzitsa ife. Kodi china chake chokhazikika komanso chodziwika bwino chinakhala bwanji nkhani yotentha kwambiri? Zochitika zomwe zimakhudza olemera ndi amphamvu zimamvetsera kwambiri. Munthu woyamba adatsutsidwa anali wolemekezeka, wolemera mafilimu ku Hollywood ndi wopanga ntchito amene adathandizira "zoyenera" zomwe zimayambitsa ndi anthu, ndipo anati zinthu "zabwino". Ngakhale kuti khalidwe lake loipa ndi khalidwe lachiwerewere linali lalikulu komanso loipa, kuti pakati pa ozunzidwawo anali olemera, otchuka, akazi achizungu anapereka gawo lofunikira komanso mphamvu kuti athetse kuyankhulana kosasokonekera kwa anthu komanso kuwonongeka kwa anthu.12,13

Malingaliro okhudzana ndi kugonana ndi kuwonetsa zolaula ndi khalidwe logonana, nkhanza, ndi chiwawa ndizo zikumbutso: Amuna ndi amai akhoza kukhala ofanana, koma ndithudi si ofanana. Komabe, zinthu ziwiri zosawerengeka zingakhale zolemekezedwa, zochitidwa, ndi zoyenedwa. Anthu omwe ali ndi mwana woposa mmodzi amapeza izi tsiku ndi tsiku: aliyense ali ndi mphamvu zosiyana, zofooka, zosowa, mphatso, njira zobweretsera chisoni ndi chimwemwe; koma onse amawakonda ndipo amayamikiridwa mofanana.

Zochitika zenizenizi, zowonongeka, zowonongeka zimakhala ndi zotsatira zothandiza kuchipatala kwa thanzi lathu kuntchito ndi odwala. Kuti tikhale ndi thanzi la kuntchito kwathu, malinga ndi momwe muyezo ulili, ndipo mwayi woulandira uli wofanana, momwe munthu amafikira kapena kuwonetsera ungafanane kwambiri. Kaŵirikaŵiri anthu amamvetsa molakwika njira yopezera kupambana monga kutanthawuzira kutsata mapazi omwe ndi njira. Ena amayenda motalika; ena ali ndi mapazi aakulu; ena ali ndi chikwama chachikulu; zina zimayambira pamwamba kapena pansi pa njira.

Njira imeneyo ili ndi mavuto ambiri; kugonana ndi kugonana sikuyenera kukhala zina. Khalani okoma mtima, khalani anzeru, ndipo mvetserani. Kodi mungakonde kapena kuvomereza amayi anu kapena mwana wanu akuchitidwa "njira" imeneyo? Kodi munganene kapena kuchita "zinthu "zo ndi makolo anu kapena ana anu? Ngati mnzanuyo akubwera ndi nkhawa kapena kumumvera, mvetserani popanda kusokoneza, chiweruzo, kapena mlandu.

Kuti odwala athu akhale ndi thanzi labwino, kuphatikizapo mafunso okhudzana ndi zolaula mu mbiri ya chikhalidwe kapena chiwerewere, zingathandize kuti anthu azidziwa zambiri zokhudza zolaula. Mwina madokotala ayenera kufunsa za zolaula nthawi zambiri, makamaka monga gawo la chisamaliro cha anyamata, matenda a maganizo, ndi kuwonongeka kwa erectile.

Kodi zolaula ndi mtundu wa thanzi labwino? Ndizofala kwambiri kuposa fodya, mowa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi zida, zonse zomwe zili ndi malamulo otsogolera kuti aziteteza kapena kuteteza thanzi labwino ndi chitetezo. Chitsanzo chimodzi chotsatira ndichofuna kuti malo oonera zolaula akhale ".xxx" kuti apangitse makolo kapena wina aliyense kuti ayambe kukhazikitsa ma intaneti. Zina ziyenera kuwonjezera zofufuza za zotsatira za zolaula pamaganizo ndi kachitidwe ka (re) maphunziro a omwe aphunzitsi awo akuluakulu ogonana ndi kugonana akhala akuwonetsa zolaula.

Zithunzi zolaula zimakhudza momwe achinyamata amaganizira za kugonana, ndi momwe amuna amaganizira ndi kuyandikira akazi.14 Ambiri amamwa mowa popanda kukhala zidakwa. Anthu ambiri omwe amasuta fodya samapewa khansa ya m'mapapo, koma ambiri omwe amakhala ndi kansa ya m'mapapo amasuta fodya. Mosasamala kanthu, poyesera kukhala mbale wa mbale wathu, timachita zothandizira kuteteza ndi kuchitapo zotsatira zowonongeka, ngakhale kudzipanga tokha kuchitapo kanthu pazinthu izi ndi zina zomwe zimakhudza thanzi. Chifukwa chakuti zolaula sizingakhale zopanga zida zankhanza zogonana sizikutanthauza kuti sizimakhudzanso malingaliro, zomwe zimayendera maganizo, omwe amawongolera maganizo, omwe amachititsa kulandiridwa kwa zochita. Khalani ngati kukula, mlingo wa kutsanulira, kapena kuchuluka kwa kudzaza, makapu ena akhoza kusefukira zokhalapo kuposa ena. Titha kuchita zambiri kuti tikhale mlonda wa mbale wathu ndi mlongo wathu.

Zothandizira

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