I-neurobiology yokuziphatha ngokuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo: I-Science emerging (2016)

IMIBUZO: Ngeli xesha eli phepha lingemibhalo nje emifutshane, inezinto ezimbalwa eziphambili eziqwalaselweyo kwisayensi esakhulayo. Umzekelo, ithi zombini Prause et al., 2015 kunye Kuhn kunye neGallinat, 2014 ingxelo yokufumanisa okufanayo: ukusetyenziswa koononophelo okugqithisileyo kunye nentsebenziswano enkulu yezocwangco. Zombini zifundo zichazwe ezantsi Ukusebenza kwengqondo ngokuphendula ngokufutshane kwiifoto ze-porno ye-vanilla. Kule nkcazo elandelayo "I-Lower potential-potential potential" ibhekisela kwiziphumo ze-EEG Prause et al.:

"Okuchasene, Izifundo kubantu abanempilo ziphakamisa indima ekwenzeni ukunyuswa kobuqhetseba ngokusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwezonografi. Kwindoda enempilo, ixesha elongezelelweyo lichithe ukubukela iphonografi ehambelana nomsebenzi osezantsi osezantsi we-putaminal kwiifoto zoononografi (uKühn noGallinat, 2014). Umsebenzi ongaphantsi kwexesha elihle Imifanekiso engamanyala yabonwa kwizifundo ezinengxaki yokusebenzisa iphonografi. ”

Kutheni kubalulekile nje oku? Umbhali okhokelayo uNicole Prause ubanga ukuba isifundo sakhe se-EEG esisodwa senziwe "umlutha we-porn". Eli liphepha lesibini elihlaziyiweyo lontanga ukwala ukutolikwa kukaPrause. Nantsi iphepha lokuqala.

Qaphela - Amanye amaphepha ahlaziywe ngontanga avuma ukuba Prause et al., 2015 isekela imodeli yoxhatshazo lwezobisi: Iingcaphephe ezihlaziyiweyo zontanga Prause et al., 2015

Neuropsychopharmacology 41, 385-386 (uJanuwari 2016) | ikhonkco: 10.1038 / npp.2015.300

Shane W Kraus 1, 2, Valerie Voon 3, kunye noMarc N Potenza 2, 4

I-1 VISN I-1 Ingqondo yengqondo Imfundo yophando kunye namaziko eZliniki, i-VA Inkqubo yezempilo ye-Connecticut, iWest Haven, i-CT, e-USA; I-2 Isebe leengqondo, iYale University School of Medicine, iNew Haven, CT, eU.SA;

I-3 Isebe leZengqondo, iYunivesithi yaseCambridge, iCambridge, i-UK;

I-4 Isebe le-Neurobiology, i-Child Study Centre kunye ne-CASA Columbia, isikolo saseYale University of Medicine, iNew Haven, CT, eU.SA.

E-mail: [imeyile ikhuselwe]

Ukuziphatha ngokwesondo ngokunyanzelayo (CSB) kubonakaliswa ukukhanga, ukunyaniseka, ukukhubazeka kwezenhlalakahle / umsebenzi, kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwengqondo. Ubuninzi be-CSB buqikelelwa malunga ne-3-6%, kunye neendoda zesigxina. Nangona kungabandakanywa kwi-DSM-5, i-CSB ingafunyanwa kwi-ICD-10 njengengxaki yokulawula ingqondo. Nangona kunjalo, ingxoxo ikhona malunga nokuhlelwa kwe-CSB (umz., Njengengxaki yokunyanzeliswa kwengqondo, isifo sokuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo oluxhatshazelisayo, umlutha, okanye ukuhamba ngokuqhubekayo kokuziphatha ngokwesondo).

Ubungqina bokuqala bubonisa ukuba i-dopamine inokufaka isandla kwi-CSB. Esi sifo seParkinson (PD), i-dopamine yokuguqula imithi (i-Levo-dopa, i-dopamine agonists) idibene ne-CSB kunye nezinye izifo zokulawula ukuphazamiseka (Weintraub et al, 2010). Inani elincinci lophando lwee-case usebenzisa i-naltrexone inkxaso ekusebenzeni kwayo ekunciphiseni izibongozo kunye nokuziphatha okuhambelana ne-CSB (uRaymond et al, 2010), ngokuhambelana nokuguqulwa kwe-opioidergic ye-mesolimbic dopamine ukusebenza ekunciphiseni i-CSB. Okwangoku, ezinkulu, ezifanelekileyo ngokwaneleyo, uphando lwe-neurochemical kunye novavanyo lwamachiza kuyadingeka ukuqhubela phambili ukuqonda i-CSB.

Intshukumo yokukhuthaza iinjongo eziphathelele ekusebenzisaneni ngesondo. I-CSB kunye namadoda angewona ama-CSB ayenomsebenzi ophezulu wesini-cuerelated ukusebenza kwe-anti-cingulate, ventral striatum, kunye ne-amygdala (Voon et al, 2014). Kwizifundo ze-CSB, ukuxhunyezwa komsebenzi wale ntanethi ehambelana nomnqweno wesini wesondo, ehambelana nokufunyaniswa kwezidakamizwa zeziyobisi (Voon et al, 2014). Amadoda e-CSB aqhubeka nokubonisa ukunyaniseka kweengcamango ezingamanyala, ezibandakanya iimpendulo zokuqala ngokubhekiselele kwiinkqubo zokulutha (iMechelmans et al, 2014). Kwi-CSB nakwizigulane ze-PD ezingekho ze-CSB, ukubonakaliswa kweengcamango zoononophala kwandisa ukusebenza kwi-ventral striatum, i-citulate ne-orbitofal cortex, idibanisa kunye nomnqweno wesini (Politis et al, 2013). Isifundo esicacisayo sokusasaza iincinci sichaphazela ukungaqhelekanga kwi-CSB namadoda angewona ama-CSB (iMiner et al, 2009).

Ngokwahlukileyo, uphononongo kubantu abasempilweni bacebisa ngendima yokuphuculwa kwendawo yokuhlala nokusebenzisa kakhulu iphonografi. Kumadoda asempilweni, ixesha elandisiweyo lichithwe ukubukela imifanekiso engamanyala idibene nomsebenzi ophantsi wasekhohlo kwimifanekiso engamanyala (Kühn and Gallinat, 2014). Ukuthoba umsebeznzi wezinto ezinokubakho emva kwexesha kwimifanekiso engamanyala kwabonwa kwizifundo ezinengxaki yokusebenzisa iphonografi. Ezi ziphumo, ngelixa zichasene, azihambelani. Ukuhlala kwimizobo yezithombe ezinxulumene neengcamango zevidiyo kunokuphuculiswa kubantu abaneempilo ngokusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo; ngelixa izifundo ze-CSB ezinokusetyenziswa kanzima / ezinzulu zingaphinde zenziwe ngcono.

Nangona uphando lwe-neurobiological lwangoku luye lwaphakamisa iindlela ezinokwenzeka ze-neurobiological ze-CSB, ezi ziphumo zifanele ziphathwe njengemilinganiselo yokunikezelwa kwemiqathango (umz., Ubuncinane beesampula, iziklomelo eziphambeneyo, izifundo zesintu kuphela, njalo njalo). Izikhelo ezikhoyo ngokuphando zikhoyo ziyanzima ukuzimisela ngokucacileyo nokuba i-CSB ibhetele ngokubhekisele ekubeni ngumlutha okanye ayikho. Uphando olongezelelweyo lufunekayo ukuqonda indlela iimpawu ze-neurobiological ezihambelana namanyathelo afanelekileyo ekliniki ezifana neziphumo zonyango ze-CSB. Ukuchonga i-CSB njengesiqhelo sokuziphatha 'kuya kuba nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimigudu, inqanda nokukhusela imizamo; nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha, uphando lusebuncinaneni. Ukunikezelwa kwezinto ezifanayo phakathi kwe-CSB kunye neziyobisi zamachiza, ukungenelela okusebenzayo kwizidakamizwa kunokubamba isithembiso kwi-CSB, ngaloo ndlela unikeza ingqiqo kwiindlela ezizayo zophando ukuphanda oku kwenzeka ngqo.

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