Sarkin sarakuna ba shi da tufafinsa: wani Fairytale Fractured Tsayawa a matsayin Bincike (2014)

Ina bayar da "Binciken Gaskiya" guda biyu da aka sabunta kafin mu kai ga sharhin 2014.

Binciko Gaskiyar lamari # 1: Nazarin ilimin ilimin lissafi & ilimin annoba wanda ya musanta kusan kowane iƙirari a ciki Ley et al., 2014:

  1. Labaran batsa / jima'i? Wannan shafin ya lissafa 50 neuroscience-based karatu (MRI, FMRI, EEG, neuropsychological, hormonal). Suna bayar da goyon baya mai karfi ga tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar su kamar yadda aka gano su a cikin binciken bincike na binciken da aka ruwaito a cikin ilimin likita.
  2. Gaskiyar masana kan ra'ayi akan batsa / jima'i? Wannan jerin ya ƙunshi 30 nazarin wallafe-wallafen kwanan nan & sharhi by wasu daga cikin manyan masana kimiyya a duniya. Duk suna goyon bayan tsarin ƙari.
  3. Alamun jaraba da kuma cigaba zuwa mafi matsanancin abu? Aikin nazarin 60 yana binciken rahotanni daidai da cigaba da yin amfani da batsa (haƙuri), al'ada zuwa batsa, har ma da kawar da bayyanar cututtuka (duk alamu da bayyanar cututtukan hade da buri).
  4. Shin ganewar asali? Aikin da aka fi sani da likita a duniya, Kwayoyin Tsarin Kasa na Duniya (ICD-11), ya ƙunshi sabon ganewar asali dace da jaraba na batsa: "Harkokin Rashin Jima'i na Jima'i. "
  5. Yarda da batun magana mai ma'ana cewa "babban burin jima'i" ya bayyana kawar da jima'i ko jima'i: Aƙalla karatun 30 ya gurɓata da'awar cewa masu lalata da jima'i "suna da sha'awar jima'i sosai"
  6. Matsalar jima'i da jima'i? Jerin wannan ya ƙunshi nazarin nazarin 40 da ke haɗa jita-jita ta batsa / jaraba na batsa ga matsalolin jima'i da ƙananan ƙananan hawaye zuwa jima'i na jima'i.. FAyyukan 7 a cikin jerin sun nuna lalacewa, yayin da mahalarta suka kawar da yin amfani da batsa da kuma warkar da dysfunctions na yau da kullum.
  7. Abubuwan kyama a kan dangantaka? Fiye da nazarin 80 ya danganta amfani da batsa don ƙarancin jima'i da dangantaka gamsuwa. (Kamar yadda muka sani dukan nazarin da ya shafi maza sun bayar da rahoton karin amfani da batsa da aka danganta talauci jima'i ko zumunta.)
  8. Amfani da hotuna da ke shafi lafiyar jiki da tunani? Fiye da nazarin 85 ya danganta amfani da batsa don talaucin tunani-rashin lafiyar jiki da talauci sakamakon rashin fahimta.
  9. Amfani da hotuna da ke shafi imani, halaye da kuma halayen? Bincika nazarin mutum - a kan nazarin nazarin 40 da ake amfani dashi na yin amfani da batsa ga "dabi'un da ba ta dace ba" ga mata da jima'i - ko taƙaitawa daga wannan nazari na 2016: Kafofin watsa labaru da kuma lalatawa: Jihar Nazarin Tarihi, 1995-2015. Musamman:

Manufar wannan bita ita ce a haɗa bincike na gwaji na gwaji kan tasirin lalata a kafofin watsa labarai. An mayar da hankali kan bincike da aka buga a cikin mujallun Turanci da aka yi nazari a kansu tsakanin 1995 da 2015. An sake duba jimillar wallafe-wallafe 109 waɗanda suka ƙunshi bincike 135. Binciken ya ba da shaida mai ɗorewa cewa duka fallasa a dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma fallasa wannan abun cikin yau da kullun suna da alaƙa kai tsaye da sakamako iri-iri, gami da matakan rashin gamsuwa da jiki, ƙara yawan ƙin yarda da kai, ƙara goyon bayan imani na masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma imani na jima'i na gaba, da kuma ƙarin haƙuri ga cin zarafin mata. Bugu da ƙari, fallasa wannan abun cikin gwaji yana sa mata da maza su sami raguwar ra'ayi game da ƙwarewar mata, ɗabi'a, da bil'adama.

  1. Menene game da zalunci da jima'i? Wani zane-zane: Meta-Analysis of Pornography Consumption and Actual Ayyuka na Harkokin Jima'i a Janar Nazarin Jama'a (2015). Musamman:

An yi nazarin bincike 22 daga ƙasashe 7 daban-daban . An danganta shan giya da cin zarafin jima'i a Amurka da kuma a ƙasashen duniya, tsakanin maza da mata, da kuma a cikin nazarin da aka yi a kan ɓangarori daban-daban da kuma na tsawon lokaci. Alaƙa ta fi ƙarfi ga cin zarafin jima'i ta baki fiye da ta jiki, kodayake duka biyun suna da mahimmanci. Tsarin sakamakon gabaɗaya ya nuna cewa abubuwan da ke haifar da tashin hankali na iya zama abin da ke ƙara ta'azzara.

"Amma shin amfani da batsa bai rage yawan fyaɗe ba?" A'a, yawan fyaɗe yana ƙaruwa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan: " Yawan fyaɗe yana ƙaruwa, don haka yi watsi da farfagandar da ke goyon bayan batsa ." Duba wannan shafin don sama da nazarin 100 da ke haɗa amfani da batsa da cin zarafin jima'i, tilastawa & tashin hankali , da kuma sharhi mai zurfi game da ikirarin da ake yawan maimaitawa cewa ƙaruwar yawan batsa ya haifar da raguwar yawan fyaɗe.

  1. Mene ne game da amfani da batsa da matasa? Bincika wannan jerin na sama 280 yarinyar karatun, ko azabtar da waɗannan bita na wallafe-wallafen: Binciken # 1, review2, Binciken # 3, Binciken # 4, Binciken # 5, Binciken # 6, Binciken # 7, Binciken # 8, Binciken # 9, Binciken # 10, Binciken # 11, Binciken # 12, Binciken # 13, Binciken # 14, Binciken # 15, bita # 16. Daga ƙarshen wannan nazarin 2012 na binciken - Hanyoyin Intanit Ayyukan Shafuka a kan Matasan: Binciken Bincike:

Ƙara samun damar shiga intanet ta matasa ya haifar da damammaki marasa misaltuwa ga ilimin jima'i, koyo, da ci gaba. Akasin haka, haɗarin cutarwa da ke bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya sa masu bincike suka binciki fallasar matasa ga batsa ta yanar gizo don ƙoƙarin bayyana waɗannan alaƙar. Gabaɗaya, waɗannan nazarin sun nuna cewa matasan da ke shan batsa na iya haɓaka ɗabi'u da imani na jima'i marasa ma'ana. Daga cikin binciken, matakan halayen jima'i masu halattawa, sha'awar jima'i, da gwajin jima'i na farko sun kasance suna da alaƙa da yawan shan batsa…. Duk da haka, an sami ci gaba da gano alaƙa tsakanin amfani da batsa na matasa wanda ke nuna tashin hankali tare da ƙaruwar halayen cin zarafi na jima'i. Littattafan sun nuna wasu alaƙa tsakanin amfani da batsa na matasa da tunanin kansu. 'Yan mata sun ba da rahoton jin ƙasa da mata da suke kallo a cikin kayan batsa, yayin da samari ke jin tsoron kada su zama masu ƙarfin hali ko kuma ba za su iya yin aiki kamar maza a cikin waɗannan kafofin watsa labarai ba. Matasa kuma sun ba da rahoton cewa amfani da batsa ya ragu yayin da kwarin gwiwar kansu da ci gaban zamantakewa ke ƙaruwa. Bugu da ƙari, bincike ya nuna cewa matasa da ke amfani da batsa, musamman waɗanda ake samu a Intanet, suna da ƙarancin haɗin kai a zamantakewa, ƙaruwar matsalolin ɗabi'a, ƙaruwar ɗabi'un da ba su dace ba, ƙaruwar alamun damuwa, da raguwar alaƙar motsin rai da masu kula da su.

  1. Domin ƙaddamar da kusan dukkanin labaran da ake magana da su a cikin ƙuƙumma da ƙididdigar ƙididdigar wannan ƙwararriyar binciken: Zuwa "Me yasa muke damuwa game da kallon hotunan? ", Da Marty Klein, Taylor Kohut, da kuma Nicole Prause (2018). Yaya za a gane abubuwan da ba'a so ba: Suna cite Yi amfani da al al., 2015 (da'awar da'awar cewa yana da labarun cin zarafin batsa), yayin da yake watsar da nazarin nazarin nazarin ne na 50 na goyon bayan buri.

Duba Gaskiya # 2 - Ingantaccen bita na wallafe-wallafe da sharhi waɗanda ke hana sauran layin Ley / Prause / Finn:

  1. Don cikakken nazari game da wallafe-wallafen wallafe-wallafen da ke da alaƙa da ƙananan jaraba na Intanet, tare da mai da hankali na musamman kan jarabar batsa na intanet, duba - Shafin yanar gizo na Intanit: Wani Nazari da Ɗaukaka (2015). Binciken ya kuma yi sharhi game da karatun EEG guda biyu da ke ɗauke da taken kwanan nan wanda ke nufin cewa sun "lalata" jarabar batsa.
  2. Jima'i Jima'i a matsayin Cututtuka: Shaida don Bincike, Bincike, da Amsawa ga Masu Tsara (2015), wanda ke bayar da ginshiƙi wanda yake ɗaukar takaddun ƙididdigewa da kuma bayar da ƙayyadaddun kalmomin da suke biyan su.
  3. Ya kamata Halayyar Tunawa da Halin Jima'i Game da Abin Yara? (2016) -Bincike wallafe-wallafe ta manyan masana ilimin kimiyar jaraba a Jami'o'in Yale & Cambridge
  4. Abun ciki mai haɗari na jima'i kamar yadda ake ji dadin jiki: Abinda ke cikin yanar gizo da sauran abubuwan (2016) - Yana faɗaɗa kan bita na sama.
  5. Kwayoyin Neurobiological Basirar Hudu (2016) - By neuroscientists a Max Planck Cibiyar
  6. Cybersex Addiction (2015) - Ta hanyar masana kimiyar kimiyyar lissafi dan kasar Jamus wadanda suka wallafa mafi yawan karatu akan jarabar yanar gizo
  7. Shin Intanit Intanit yana haifar da Dysfunctions? Wani Nazari tare da Rahotanni na Clinical (2016) - Bincike mai yawa na wallafe-wallafen da suka shafi matsalolin jima'i. Game da likitocin Navy na Amurka, wannan bita ya samar da sabbin bayanan da ke nuna matukar tashi a cikin matsalolin jima'i na samari. Har ila yau, yana nazarin nazarin ilimin lissafi wanda ya danganci jarabar batsa da yanayin jima'i ta hanyar batsa ta Intanit. Likitocin suna ba da rahotanni na asibiti na 3 na maza waɗanda suka haifar da lalatawar jima'i
  8. Haɗaka ka'idodin tunani da na kwayoyin halitta game da ci gaba da kuma kula da ƙwayoyin amfani da yanar-gizon: Abinda ke hulɗa da mutum-shafi-Cognition-Execution model (2016) - Binciken hanyoyin da ke haifar da ci gaba da kiyaye takamaiman rikicewar amfani da Intanet, gami da “rikicewar kallon batsa ta Intanet”
  9. Binciken tsabta a cikin ruwa mai laushi: matakan da za a dauka na gaba don nuna halayyar halayyar halayyar halayya kamar yadda ake yi (2016) - Excerpts: A kwanan nan mun ɗauki shaidun da za su nuna bambanci game da jima'i (CSB) a matsayin rashin jituwa. Bincikenmu ya gano cewa CSB ya raba asibiti, neurobiological da phenomenological daidai da maganin amfani. Kodayake Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Amurka ta ƙi rashin daidaituwa tsakanin mazauni daga DSM-5, ana iya gane ganewar asirin CSB (kisa) akan ICD-10. Ana kuma nazarin CSB ta ICD-11.
  10. Jima'i Jaraba sura daga Neurobiology na Addictions, Oxford Press (2016)
  11. Hanyoyin Neuroscientific su kai tsaye ga Addinan Tunawa na Intanet (2017) - Excerpt: A cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata, an gudanar da bincike da yawa tare da likitoci na musamman, musamman ma'anar yanayin haɓakaccen magnetic jiki (fMRI), don nazarin al'amuran da ke kallon hotunan batsa a karkashin yanayin gwaji da kuma hanyoyi masu zurfin amfani da batsa. Idan aka ba da sakamakon da aka rigaya, ana iya amfani da fasahar batsa mai tsanani da aka sani da hanyoyin da ke da nasaba da ci gaban abubuwan da suka shafi addinan.
  12. Shin halayen jima'i ne mai rikitarwa? (2017) - Excerpts: Bincike a cikin kwayar halitta na halayyar halayen jima'i ta haifar da binciken da ya shafi kulawa da hankali, haɓakar haɓaka mai karfi, da kuma amsawar kwakwalwa ta hanyar kwakwalwa wanda ya nuna matakan da suka dace da tsari. Mun yi imanin cewa rarrabawar rikitarwa na halayen jima'i a matsayin abin ba da jima'i ya kasance daidai da bayanan da suka gabata kuma zai iya amfanar likitoci, masu bincike, da kuma mutanen da ke shan wahala da cutar ta wannan cuta.
  13. Shaida na Pudding Yana cikin Tasting: Bayanan da ake bukata don gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwajen da haɗin kai dangane da halayen jima'i masu jima'i (2018) - Excerpts: Daga cikin yankunan da zasu iya ba da shawara tsakanin kamfanonin CSB da ciwon jaraba suna nazarin karatu, tare da binciken da aka yi a baya da Walton et al. (2017). Karatun farko ana yin nazarin CSB game da tsarin jaraba (an sake nazari a Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016b; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016b).
  14. Ƙarfafa ilimi, rarrabawa, magani, da manufofi da manufofin Bayani game da: Harkokin halayyar jima'i da ke cikin ICD-11 (Kraus et al., 2018) - Excerpts: Shirin da ke yanzu na kirkirar cutar CSB a matsayin rikici-rikice-rikicen rikice-rikicen abu ne mai rikitarwa kamar yadda aka tsara samfurori daban-daban (Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013). Akwai bayanai da ke bayar da shawarar cewa CSB ta ba da dama da fasali tare da jaraba (Kraus et al., 2016), ciki har da bayanan da aka gano a baya ya nuna karuwar amsawa na yankuna masu kwakwalwa da suka shafi sakamako saboda amsa bayanai da ke tattare da maganganu na ruhu (Alamar, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Voon et al., 2014.
  15. Halayyar Jima'i mai haɗari a cikin Mutum da Tsarin Tsarin Harshen (2018) - Excerpts: Harkokin jima'i mai haɗari (CSB) ana kiransa a matsayin "cin zarafin hali," kuma yana da mummunan barazana ga rayuwa mai kyau da lafiyar jiki da tunani. A ƙarshe, wannan bita ya taƙaita nazarin halayyar da ke tattare da samfurori da kuma maganin da ke tattare da mutum akan CSB da kuma haɓaka tare da wasu cututtuka, ciki har da cin zarafi. Haɗuwa, waɗannan binciken sun nuna cewa CSB yana hade da gyaran gyare-gyare a cikin dorsal cingulate da kuma kullin farko, amygdala, striatum, da thalamus, ban da rage haɗin kai tsakanin amygdala da cortex na farko.
  16. Jima'i Dysfunctions a cikin Intanit Era (2018) - Excerpt: Daga cikin tsangwama na hali, yin amfani da yanar-gizon damuwa da amfani da hotuna ta labaran sau da yawa ana nuna su a matsayin yiwuwar haɗari ga rashin cin zarafin jima'i, sau da yawa ba tare da iyakance ba tsakanin lambobin biyu. Masu amfani da layi suna janyo hankali ga batsa na Intanit saboda rashin sanin sa, rashin iyawa, da samuwa, kuma a lokuta da yawa ana amfani da ita ta hanyar amfani da cybersex: a cikin waɗannan lokuta, masu amfani zasu iya manta da matsayin "juyin halitta" na jima'i, ganowa more tashin hankali a cikin zaɓaɓɓun abubuwan da aka zaɓa a cikin jima'i ba tare da jima'i ba.
  17. Ayyukan neurocognitive a cikin halayen halayen jima'i (2018) - Excerpt: A yau, yawancin binciken da ke tattare da halayen jima'i ya ba da hujjoji game da abubuwan da ke haifar da halayen jima'i da bautar jima'i. Harkokin jima'i mai haɗari yana haɗawa da gyaran aiki a cikin sassan kwakwalwa da kuma cibiyoyin sadarwa da aka sanya a cikin ƙwarewa, haɓakawa, dyscontrol, da ladabi a cikin dabi'u kamar abu, caca, da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na wasanni. Yankuna masu kwakwalwa da suka danganci abubuwan CSB sun haɗa da halayen gaba da na jiki, amygdala, da striatum, ciki har da accumbens.
  18. Wani fahimtar halin yau da kullum game da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na rikice-rikicen rikice-rikicen rikice-rikice da matsala mai rikitarwa. - Excerpt: Binciken neurobiological kwanan nan sun bayyana cewa halayen halayen jima'i suna hade da canza tsarin aiki na jima'i da bambance-bambance a cikin tsarin kwakwalwa da aiki. Kodayake an gudanar da bincike game da CSBD kaɗan game da maganin neurobiology, data kasance data bayar da shawara akan abubuwan da ke tattare da maganganun neurobiology tare da wasu kayan tarawa irin su amfani da kayan abu da caca. Saboda haka, bayanan da aka samo asali ya nuna cewa rarrabuwa zai iya zama mafi dacewa a matsayin jaraba na hali ba bisa yanayin rikici ba.
  19. Maganin Rahoton Maganganu a Ayyukan Harkokin Jima'i Mai Girma (2018) - Excerpt: Daga cikin karatun da aka samu a halin yanzu, mun sami labaran littattafan tara (Table 1) wanda ya yi amfani da hotunan haɓakaccen haɓaka. Sai kawai hudu daga cikin waɗannan (36-39) bincikar binciken da aka yi na maganganu da / ko sakamako da kuma rahoton da suka shafi abubuwan da suka dace. Nazarin binciken uku yana nuna yawan karuwar karfin jiki don maganin rashin ƙarfi (36-39) ko kuma alamomin da aka kwatanta da irin wadannan matsaloli (36-39). Wadannan binciken sunyi daidai da ka'idojin Salwar Kwarewa (IST) (28), daya daga cikin manyan shafukan da aka kwatanta da kwakwalwa yana aiki a cikin buri.
  20. Shafin Farko na Yanar Gizo: Abin da muka sani da kuma abin da ba mu kasance ba-wani nazari na yaudara (2019) - Excerpt: Kamar yadda muka sani, da dama daga cikin binciken na baya-bayan nan suna tallafawa wannan mahadar a matsayin wani jaraba tare da muhimmancin bayyanuwar asibitoci irin su cin zarafin jima'i da kuma rashin jin daɗin mutum. Yawancin ayyukan da ake gudanarwa ya samo asali ne a kan bincike irin wannan da aka yi a kan abin da ke kan kayan abu, bisa la'akari da hotunan batsa ta yanar gizo a matsayin abin da ke da mahimmanci na '' supranormal 'a matsayin ainihin abin da, ta hanyar ci gaba da amfani, zai iya haifar da rikici.
  21. Yau da ci gaba da jita-jita na layi ta yanar gizo: abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da ke tattare da su, hanyoyin karfafawa da kuma hanyoyin gina jiki (2019) - Excerpt: Hanyocin lokaci na kwarewar batsa ta yanar gizo ya haifar da fahimtar irin waɗannan mutane zuwa alamun hotuna na labaran yanar gizo, wanda ya haifar da hankalin sha'awa, yin amfani da kwarewar layi ta yanar gizo a ƙarƙashin abubuwa biyu na jaraba da rashin lahani. Sakamakon samun gamsuwa daga gare shi yana karuwa da raunana, saboda haka ana buƙatar ƙarin batsa ta kan layi don kula da halin jin daɗin da ya gabata kuma ya zama kamu.
  22. Yau da ci gaba da jita-jita na layi ta yanar gizo: abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da ke tattare da su, hanyoyin karfafawa da kuma hanyoyin gina jiki (2019) - Excerpt: Hanyocin lokaci na kwarewar batsa ta yanar gizo ya haifar da fahimtar irin waɗannan mutane zuwa alamun hotuna na labaran yanar gizo, wanda ya haifar da hankalin sha'awa, yin amfani da kwarewar layi ta yanar gizo a ƙarƙashin abubuwa biyu na jaraba da rashin lahani. Sakamakon samun gamsuwa daga gare shi yana karuwa da raunana, saboda haka ana buƙatar ƙarin batsa ta kan layi don kula da halin jin daɗin da ya gabata kuma ya zama kamu.
  23. Ka'idoji, kariya, da kuma lura da rikicewar amfani da batsa (2019) - Excerpt: Rikicin halayen jima'i na rikice-rikice, ciki har da amfani da batsa na matsala, an saka shi a cikin ICD-11 a matsayin rikice-rikice na rikicewar rikicewa. Ka'idodin ganewar asali game da wannan cuta, duk da haka, suna da kama da ka'idojin cuta saboda halayen jaraba… Abubuwan da suka shafi tunani da hujjoji masu ƙima suna ba da shawara cewa hanyoyin tunani da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa da ke tattare da rikice-rikicen ma suna da inganci don rashin amfani da batsa.
  24. Amfani da Batsa na Batsa da Matsalar Amfani da kai: Misalin Hadin Kai Daga Tsarin Binciken Yanayin Bincike da Halayyar Halittu (2019) - Excerpt: Amfani da hoton batsa na matsala mai kama da alama yana da alaƙa da ɓangarori da yawa na bincike da tsarin daban-daban a cikin gabobin. Dangane da binciken da aka samu a cikin kwatancen RDoC wanda aka bayyana a sama, yana yiwuwa a ƙirƙirar samfurin haɗin kai wanda ɓangarori masu bincike daban-daban ke tasiri da juna (Hoto 1). Wadannan canje-canje a cikin hanyoyin ciki da na halaye a tsakanin mutanen da ke da SPPPU sun yi kama da waɗanda aka lura da su a cikin mutanen da ke da maye, da kuma taswirar cikin abubuwan jaraba.
  25. Cutar jarabawar ta yanar gizo: taƙaitaccen bayanin ci gaba da lura da sabuwar cuta da ta kunno kai (2020) - Karin bayanai: Cjarabar ybersex jaraba ce mara amfani da ke tattare da abubuwan jima'i a yanar gizo. Yau, nau'ikan abubuwa da yawa da suka shafi jima'i ko batsa ana iya samun sauƙin ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarun yanar gizo. A Indonesia, yawanci ana ɗaukar jima'i a ɗabi'a amma yawancin matasa sun kamu da hotunan batsa. Zai iya haifar da jaraba tare da mummunan tasirin da yawa ga masu amfani, kamar dangantaka, kuɗi, da matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa kamar babban rashin damuwa da rikicewar damuwa.
  26. Wadanne Yanayi Yakamata a asauka a matsayin Cutar a Rarraba ofasashen Duniya na Cututtuka (ICD-11) Tsara “Sauran Cutar da Aka keɓance Saboda Halin Jaraba”? (2020) - Excerpts: Bayanai daga rahoton kai, dabi'a, nazarin electrophysiological, da nazarin neuroimaging sun nuna halayen aiwatar da tunanin mutum da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da yanayin da aka bincika kuma aka kafa su don bambance-bambancen digiri don rikice-rikice-rikice-rikice-rikice-rikice / caca (caca 3). Hanyoyin yau da kullun da aka lura a cikin karatun da suka gabata sun haɗa da sake kunna aiki da sha'awar haɓakawa tare da ƙara yawan aiki a cikin ɓangarorin da suka shafi sakamako na sakamako, ƙaddamar da hankali, yanke shawara mara kyau, da (ƙayyade-takamaiman) sarrafa inhibitory.
  27. Ungiyar Addabi'ar ofarfafawa game da Halayyar Jima'i da Matsalar Matsalar Batsa ta Intanet: Nazari - Excerpts: Abubuwan da aka samo yana nuna cewa akwai fasali da yawa na CSBD da POPU waɗanda suka dace da halaye na jaraba, kuma ayyukan da ke taimaka wajan halayyar ɗabi'a da abubuwan maye suna ba da damar yin la'akari da daidaitawa da amfani da tallafawa mutane tare da CSBD da POPU…. Labaran kwayar halitta na POPU da CSBD sun haɗu da yawancin haɗin neuroanatomical da aka haɗu tare da rikicewar amfani da kayan abu, irin waɗannan hanyoyin neuropsychological, da kuma sauye-sauyen neurophysiological na yau da kullun a cikin tsarin sakamako na dopamine.
  28. Dysfunctional halayen jima'i: ma'anar, yanayin asibiti, bayanan neurobiological da jiyya (2020) - Excerpts: Batsa na batsa, kodayake yana da bambancin kwayar halitta daga jarabar jima'i, har yanzu wani nau'i ne na jarabar ɗabi'a The. Dakatar da buri na bazata yana haifar da mummunan sakamako cikin yanayi, tashin hankali, da ma'amala da gamsuwa da jima'i The .Yin amfani da batsa yana taimakawa farkon farawar psychosocial cuta da matsalolin dangantaka…
  29. Menene ya kamata a haɗa shi cikin ƙa'idodin rikicewar halayen halayen jima'i? (2020) - Excerpts: Rarraba CSBD azaman rikicewar rikicewar motsa jiki yana ba da damar yin la'akari. … Researcharin bincike na iya taimakawa wajen daidaita tsarin da ya fi dacewa na CSBD kamar yadda ya faru da matsalar caca, wanda aka sake fasalta shi daga rukunin rikice-rikicen tashin hankali zuwa abubuwan da ba su da amfani ko kuma halayyar ɗabi'a a cikin DSM-5 da ICD-11. … Impulsivity na iya ba da gudummawa sosai ga matsala ta amfani da batsa kamar yadda wasu suka ba da shawara (B & et et., 2019).
  30. Yanke Shawara a cikin Cutar Caca, Amfani da Batsa mai Matsala, da Cutar Cin Binge: Kamance da Bambanci (2021) - Excerpts: An bayyana kamance tsakanin CSBD da jaraba, da rashin iya sarrafawa, ci gaba da amfani duk da mummunan sakamako, da kuma sha'awar shiga cikin yanke shawara mai haɗari na iya zama fasali ɗaya37••, 40). Mutanen da ke cikin waɗannan rikice-rikice sau da yawa suna nuna raunin fahimta da ƙwarewar yanke shawara [12, 15,16,17]. An sami rashi a cikin tsarin yanke shawara da kuma ilmantarwa na jagora a cikin rikice-rikice da yawa.

The Critique of Ley et al., 2014 (David Ley, Nicole Farko, Peter Finn)

A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 2014, " Sarki Ba Ya da Tufafi: Sharhin samfurin 'Addiction na Batsa ' " na David Ley , Nicole Prause da Peter Finn, ya bayyana a cikin sashin "Current Controversies" na Rahoton Lafiyar Jima'i na Yanzu . Marubutan mujallar sun gamsu da cewa "Babu Tufafi" bita ne mai ma'ana , ta yadda ba a buƙatar wani ra'ayi na daban don isar da cikakken hoto na takaddama kan jarabar batsa ga masu karanta mujallar.

Kaico, wannan “bita” wani abu ne amma haƙiƙa. A zahiri, ba bita na gaske bane na adabi. Binciken na ainihi ya bayyana abin da aka bincika bayanan bayanai kuma sunaye kalmomin da kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin binciken. Madadin haka, Ley et al. ya zama sabon ƙarami a cikin magudin rubuce-rubuce na ilimi don bautar da babbar manufar siyasa ta jima'i. Shekaru da yawa, ƙwararrun ƙungiyar masana ilimin jima'i (duba sama) suna watsi da ƙididdigar binciken masana ƙwararru da ke nazarin matasa, jarabar ɗabi'a da kwanciyar hankali, wanda, tare, zai hanzarta ciyar da fannin ilimin jima'i daga Zamanin Zamanin ta zuwa hasken ilimin zamani. Anan waɗannan masu ilimin jima'i a duniya suna ƙoƙari su hura rai cikin maganganun da suka shuɗe ta hanyar magana mai rikitarwa kamar nazarin kimiyya.

Manufofinsu na yanzu? Don kumbura da kuma kirkirar da tunanin cewa "Masu yawan yin amfani da batsa ba sa iya zama 'yan iska saboda kawai suna da son rai, masu neman abin sha'awa da ke da manyan sha'awa." Karka damu da cewa jarabtar da kanta tana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka da ke sa masu shaye-shaye su zama masu saurin motsa rai (hypofrontality), matsananciyar son ji (lalata hankali) da kuma saurin sha'awa (wanda Ley et al. Keyi iya ƙoƙarinsu don rikicewa tare da babban sha'awar jima'i).

Kamar yadda zamuyi bayani a ƙasa dalla-dalla masu wahala, marubutan wannan "haƙiƙa" bita:

  1. kare su watsar da jaraba akan nazarin da suka kasance kamar yadda 25 ke da shekaru, ba tare da la'akari da 'yan kwanan nan ba, sababbin bincike da sake dubawa da ke nuna alamar masana.
  2. Kada ku san (ko nazarin) yawancin ilimin kwakwalwa a yanar gizo. Dukkan nuna cikakken tabbacin cewa motsa jiki ta intanet yana jaraba ne ga wasu masu amfani kuma yana haifar da canjin yanayin kwakwalwar da ke cikin kwakwalwa. Lissafi na yanzu yana bayyana a ƙarshen wannan bayani.
  3. watsi da binciken da aka yi a cikin yanar gizo na yanar gizo na yanar gizo a Jami'ar Cambridge.yanzu an buga), wanda ke warware ka'idarsu.
  4. watsar da duk karatun da aka buga wanda ke nuna illoli daga amfani da batsa a dalilin cewa "kawai" suna da alaƙa, sannan kuma a ci gaba da bayyana a matsayin tallafi ga ra'ayoyinsu na dabbobin karatu daban-daban na alaƙa. Zamu raba yawancin karatun da suka dace Ley et al. sami bai cancanci ambaci ba.
  5. cherry-pick bazuwar, layin ɓatarwa daga cikin karatun, kasa bayar da rahoton ainihin ƙaddarar masu binciken.
  6. ya gabatar da karatu da yawa wanda ba su da mahimmanci ga ma'anar da aka yi.

Duk wanda ya saba da rubuce-rubucen marubuta biyu na farko na wannan bita, Ley da Prause, ba zai yi mamaki ba. Waɗannan manyan marubutan sun riga sun hana kansu yin bita ba tare da nuna son kai ba. David Ley, ƙwararren likita kuma baƙon da ke yawan yin hira ba tare da ilimin kimiyyar jijiyoyi ba, ita ce marubucin The Myth of Sex Addiction. Nicole Prause, wacce ta kammala karatun digiri a Kinsey wacce ta jagoranci SPAN Lab da ta daina aiki , ta gabatar da nazarin da, a kiyasin ta kawai, ta musanta wanzuwar jarabar batsa. An yi suka sosai kan aikinta na rashin da'a kuma an yi tambaya game da fassarar ta.

Me yasa wadannan marubutan zasu tsunduma cikin irin wannan murdiyar? Dangane da wasu maganganunsu a ƙarshen "Babu Tufafi," mutum yana mamakin idan bayyananniyar son zuciyarsu ta samo asali ne daga "tasirin jima'i." Suna da alama suna bayyana amfani da batsa ta Intanit tare da jima'i, kodayake batsa ta intanet ta yau tana tabbatar da “lalata jima'i” ga yawancin matasa masu kallo saboda kewayon lalatawar lalata da lalata. Ko ta yaya marubutan suna yaudarar kansu cewa mutanen da ke damuwa game da tasirin batsa na intanet ba sa son jima'i ko kuma ba sa girmama 'yanci na mutum da bambancin dandano na jima'i. Hakanan akwai yiwuwar manyan halayensu, gami da ƙwarewar sana'a da kasuwancin su, yanzu suna da alaƙa da matsayin su.

A kowane yanayi, dalili ɗaya da ke yin bita kamar Ley et al. tsira da ci gaba shi ne cewa 'yan jarida, da kuma masu nazari game da tsararsu, ba kasafai suke yin binciken shaidun da suka dogara da su ba. Abun bakin ciki, hakikanin, masana masana a fagen shaye-shaye basu da lokacin gyara irin wannan karkatacciyar fahimta. A zahiri, nau'in jaridar da "Babu tufafi" ya bayyana akasari daga radar su. Tabbas, ba za a ɗauki shuruwar masanan ba a matsayin yarjejeniya a nan. Misali, mun tambayi masanin duniya akan DeltaFosB abin da yake tunani game da ra'ayoyin da David Ley ya yi game da sake dubawa ga ɗan jarida game da DeltaFosB:

Misali na jima'i a cikin berayen, wanda shine inda aka nazarin Delta FosB, shi ne halayyar ɗan kishili. Hanyar da za a iya yi yanzu don nazarin Fassara Delta a cikin mutane kamar yadda zai iya danganta da jima'i zai buƙaci mu la'akari da liwadi da halayyar ɗan kishili a matsayin shaida na kwakwalwa ta Delta FosB canzawa tare da jaraba. Bugu da ƙari, muna da mummunar halin halayyar namiji a matsayin cuta.

Masanin ya ce kalaman Ley sun yi kama da " mummunan barkwanci na Asabar da Dare ."

A takaice dai, babu wani bincike da aka yi kan ΔFosB da ya shafi beraye 'yan luwadi. Ba za a iya tunanin cewa wani zai ba da shawarar yin nazarin rawar da ΔFosB ke takawa a cikin jaraba ga mutane ta hanyar amfani da 'yan luwadi. Kalaman Ley ba komai ba ne illa hayaniya mai tayar da hankali da aka tsara don janye hankalin masu sauraronsa ta hanyar tayar da hankalin masu adawa da 'yan luwadi ba tare da wata hujja ba. Ta yaya masu sharhin za su iya barin irin waɗannan maganganu a cikin bita da kanta su sa ya zama mai ƙarfi? Abin mamaki.

Me yasa Ley, Prause da Finn suke shan wahala sosai don su ɓata wa ΔFosB suna? Domin kuwa abu ɗaya ne daga cikin shaidun kimiyya masu yawa cewa jaraba gaskiya ce ta halitta, ba ginanniyar ka'ida ba kamar yadda suke da'awa. Jarabawar sinadarai da jarabar ɗabi'a (gami da, ba shakka, jarabar ɗabi'a ta jima'i) suna tasowa ne daga canje-canje a cikin hanyoyin kwakwalwa da hanyoyin aiki iri ɗaya. Duba " Sakamakon Halitta, Jijiyoyin Jijiyoyi, da Jarabawar Marasa Miyagun Kwayoyi" (2011)

A gaskiya ma, an ma yi nuni da cewa wata rana matakan ΔFosB na iya bayyana yadda wani ke shan jaraba da kuma inda yake cikin murmurewa. A takaice dai, wanzuwar binciken ΔFosB ya kawo ƙarshen ra'ayoyin da Ley da abokan aikinsa suka bayyana game da jaraba. Saboda haka sha'awarsu ta janye hankalin masu karatu daga la'akari da ma'anar ΔFosB.

Ley et al. rashin sani game da mahimman ilimin kimiyya na jaraba shima an nuna shi a farkon aikin su. Sun bayyana cewa kawai opioids na iya haifar da jaraba. Ba nicotine, ba giya ba, ba hodar iblis, ba caca, ba yanar gizo op opioids kawai. Mutum ya yi mamakin yadda mai yin nazari na tsara zai iya albarkace irin wannan maganganun, wanda ke tashi a gaban shekarun da suka gabata na binciken likita wanda likitocin ƙwararrun likitocin gaske suka yi. Idan irin wannan bayyananniyar shaye-shaye kamar nicotine ko hodar iblis ba su haɗu da waɗannan ƙididdigar ƙa'idodin bambance-bambance na jaraba ba, to a bayyane yake cewa babu adadin shaidun kimiyya da zai tabbatar musu cewa jarabar batsa ta yanar gizo gaskiya ce. Ta yaya za a ɗauki irin wannan "bita" da muhimmanci?

Duk da haka, za mu bincika wasu daga cikin maganganunsu masu ban mamaki bisa ga yadda suke bayyana. Tsarin dabarunsu gabaɗaya shine su musanta shaidu masu yawa da ke nuna cewa jaraba gaskiya ce ta halitta tare da abubuwa masu kyau, sannan su lissafa nasu sharuɗɗan (bazuwar) don jarabar batsa wanda suke buƙatar shaida. Sau da yawa suna furta cewa, kamar yadda "babu shaida" ga waɗannan abubuwan da aka zaɓa ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, jaraba ba ta nan. A zahiri, suna ƙirƙirar "rundunar bambaro" ta kama-da-wane, wanda suke da'awar zai rushe, amma wanda masanin kimiyyar kwakwalwa na jaraba zai san bai dace da tabbatar da kasancewar jaraba ba. Abin takaici, suna iya yaudarar masu karatu waɗanda ba su da cikakken tarihin jaraba.

Waɗanda ke son su biyo baya za su iya karanta cikakken rubutun "Babu Tufafi." An ɗauko kanun labarai daga bitar da kanta, kuma an ja layi a ƙarƙashin kalamai kai tsaye daga bitar Ley, an yi rubutun da aka yi da rubutun da aka yi da harafi mai launin shuɗi da shuɗi.

Gabatarwa

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi iƙirarin ' Sha'awar Batsa' wata alama ce da aka yi amfani da ita musamman don bayyana yawan kallon hotunan jima'i . Kawai don fayyace, kamar yadda ASAM, Ƙungiyar Magungunan Barasa ta Amurka (masu bincike da masu shan barasa sama da 3000) da sauransu suka jaddada, duk jaraba cuta ce ta farko (ba alama ce ta wasu cututtuka ba kamar yadda Ley da abokan aikinsa suka nuna a cikin "Babu Tufafi"). An yi mata alama da takamaiman canje-canje a kwakwalwa da suka shafi jaraba ban da halaye masu kyau waɗanda ke nuna waɗannan canje-canje, kamar ci gaba da amfani duk da mummunan sakamako.

Duk da cewa jarabar batsa na iya ƙunsar yawan kallo, bincike ya nuna cewa tsawon lokacin da aka ɓata ba shine babban abin da ke tantance matsalar amfani da batsa ba. Maimakon haka, matakin sha'awa da yawan aikace-aikacen da aka buɗe (ƙishirwar sabon abu). Duba 123 “ Kallon hotunan batsa a Intanet: rawar da ƙimar sha'awar jima'i da alamun tabin hankali ke takawa wajen amfani da shafukan jima'i na Intanet fiye da kima .” (2011)

Karin Bayani: Lokacin da aka kashe akan shafukan jima'i na intanet (minti a kowace rana) bai bayar da gudummawa sosai ga bayanin bambancin maki [gwajin jaraba] ba. …

Ana iya fassara finding binciken a cikin hasken karatun da ya gabata game da sake amsawa ga mutane tare da dogaro da abu ko ƙwarewar ɗabi'a.

Wani bincike kuma ya gano cewa amsawar alama (ma'aunin jaraba), ba yawan amfani da ita ba, ya fi dacewa ga masu amfani da matsala: " Sha'awar jima'i ta yanar gizo: Sha'awar jima'i lokacin kallon batsa ba saduwa ta gaske ba shine ke haifar da bambanci" (2013)

Karin Bayani: Sakamakon ya nuna cewa alamun sha'awar jima'i da sha'awar kallon hotunan batsa na Intanet sun annabta halaye na sha'awar batsa ta yanar gizo a cikin binciken farko. Bugu da ƙari, an nuna cewa masu amfani da yanar gizo masu matsala suna ba da rahoton ƙarin sha'awar jima'i da sha'awar da suka samo asali daga gabatarwar alamun batsa. …

Sakamakon ya goyi bayan hasashen gamsuwa, wanda ke ɗaukar ƙarfafawa, hanyoyin ilmantarwa, da kuma sha'awar zama hanyoyin da suka dace a cikin haɓakawa da kuma kula da jarabar yanar gizo . (an ƙara jaddadawa)

A wata ma'anar, waɗannan nazarin ba su goyi bayan ra'ayin cewa masu amfani da batsa mutane ne kawai masu yawan sha'awa waɗanda ba za su iya samun isasshen aiki a rayuwa ta ainihi ba kuma dole ne su rama ƙarancin amfani da batsa. Maimakon haka, masu amfani da batsa masu matsala suna nuna yawan amsawa ga alamu, kamar yadda sauran masu shan kwayoyi ke yi. Abin takaici, binciken kwakwalwa na Jami'ar Cambridge akan masu shan batsa ya gano irin wannan hyper-reactivity ga alamu, kuma babu wata shaida ta sha'awar jima'i mafi girma a cikin masu shan kwayoyi da aka gwada. Har ma fiye da haka, wani sabon bincike da ƙwararrun masana kimiyyar kwakwalwa na jaraba suka yi kan kwakwalwar masu amfani da batsa, ya gano cewa kwakwalwa mai kama da miyagun ƙwayoyi tana canzawa ko da a cikin masu amfani da batsa masu matsakaici . Duba " Tsarin Kwakwalwa da Haɗin Aiki da ke da alaƙa da Amfani da Batsa: Kwakwalwa akan Batsa ."

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun bayyana cewa masana kimiyya da ke binciken halayen jima'i masu yawan gaske 'ba sa bayyana waɗannan halayen a matsayin jaraba (kashi 37% na labaran) [ 2 ] '. Da farko, Ley da abokan aikinsa yanzu suna magana ne game da "halayen jima'i," gabaɗaya, ba nazarin da ke tantance masu amfani da batsa masu matsala ba, don haka kashi-kashi nasu ba shi da mahimmanci.

Ambato na 2 ya tabbatar da cewa bincike daban-daban suna amfani da sunaye daban-daban don jarabar halaye daban-daban. Wannan ba sabon abu bane a fannin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Misali, an kira cutar bi-polar da sunaye da yawa, amma har yanzu cuta ɗaya ce. Har ma DSM-5 tana amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban don bayyana jaraba. To me? Kalmomin DSM masu rikitarwa wataƙila sun fi magana game da siyasa na hukumar DSM da ƙungiyoyin aiki fiye da gaskiyar ilimin halittar jaraba.

Ba shakka, waɗannan marubutan (da kuma wasu a fannin ilimin jima'i) sun ƙi jarabar halayen jima'i a fili, kuma wani lokacin duk jarabar halaye, a matsayin "kimiyyar ƙarya." Matsayinsu a bayyane yake ga duk wanda ya saba da littattafan da suke wallafawa. Shugabannin taba har yanzu suna ƙin jarabar nicotine. A gaskiya ma, abin mamaki ne cewa kashi 37% na binciken da aka yi nazari a kai sun yi amfani da kalmar 'jaraba', kamar yadda masu bincike kan ilimin jima'i masu faɗi ( gami da Prause ) waɗanda ke samar da labaran ilimi kan batun sun yi matuƙar ƙoƙari don guje wa 'jaraba' da kuma tantance waɗanda suka kamu da jaraba (wanda ake buƙata a cikin binciken jaraba na gaske).

Na gaba, marubutanmu masu ƙarfin hali sun yi iƙirarin cewa yawancin masana kimiyya 'sun ƙi tsarin jaraba a fili [ 3, 4 ] . ' Wannan ba gaskiya ba ne , kuma babu ɗaya daga cikin ambatonsu da ya goyi bayan iƙirarin cewa "mafi yawan" masana kimiyya sun "ƙi amincewa" da tsarin jaraba don jarabar halayen jima'i. Haka kuma ɗayan ambato ba ya da alaƙa da bincike da masana kimiyyar jijiyoyi na jaraba suka yi, waɗanda suka kammala akasin haka a bainar jama'a.

Eric Nestler PhD, shugaban Nestler Lab (Molecular Psychiatry) a Makarantar Magunguna ta Icahn ta Mount Sinai ya rubuta game da jaraba:

Wataƙila wannan kwakwalwa kamar haka yana canji a wasu yanayi masu illa da suka shafi amfani da ladabi, yanayi kamar cin abinci mai cin gashin kai, caca-caca, jaraba da jima'i, da dai sauransu.

Daga sanarwar manema labarai ta ASAM :

CHEVY CHASE, MD, Agusta na 15, 2011 - The American Society of Medicine Medicine (ASAM) ya saki wani sabon ma'anar jaraba da ke nuna cewa jaraba shine cuta mai kwakwalwa kullum kuma ba kawai matsala ta haɗari da yawan giya, kwayoyi, caca ko jima'i ba. .

George F. Koob (Daraktan Cibiyar Nazarin Barasa da Barasa ta Kasa) da Nora D. Volkow (darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Barasa ta Kasa) sun buga wata takarda mai muhimmanci a cikin Jaridar Magunguna ta New England: Ci gaban Neurobiologic from the Brain Disease Model of Addiction (2016) . Takardar ta bayyana manyan canje-canjen kwakwalwa da suka shafi jarabar miyagun kwayoyi da halaye, yayin da ta bayyana a sakin layi na farko cewa jarabar jima'i tana wanzuwa:

"Mun kammala da cewa ilimin jijiyoyi yana ci gaba da tallafawa tsarin cututtukan kwakwalwa na jaraba. Binciken ilimin jijiyoyi a wannan fanni ba wai kawai yana ba da sabbin damammaki don rigakafi da magance jarabar miyagun ƙwayoyi da jarabar ɗabi'a masu alaƙa ba (misali, ga abinci, jima'i , da caca)…."

Ambato na 3 ya fito ne daga 2000. " Rashin lafiyar jima'i da ba a fayyace shi ba: na tilas, jaraba, ko kuma na gaggawa? " A takaice dai, DSM ya kamata ta haɗa da sharuɗɗan ganewar cutar da ke ƙarƙashin lakabi daban-daban:

Karin Bayani: Shaida mai ƙaruwa tana goyon bayan wanzuwar wata cuta mai rarrabuwar kawuna wadda ke ɗauke da tunanin da ke sake dawowa da kuma tsananin sha'awar jima'i, sha'awar jima'i, ko halaye da suka shafi alamu waɗanda ba su dace da ma'anar paraphilia ba. Muna ba da shawarar a gyara nau'in rikice-rikicen jima'i na DSM-IV don haɗawa da ƙa'idodin ganewar asali na wata cuta da ke ɗauke da alamun rashin jima'i sosai.

Ambato na 4 ba ya ƙin yarda da ra'ayin jarabar jima'i. (" Shin Ya Kamata a Rarraba Rashin Lafiyar Jima'i [HD] a Matsayin Jaraba? ") A gaskiya ma, ya ce " bayanan da ake da su sun nuna cewa la'akari da HD a cikin tsarin jaraba na iya zama daidai kuma mai taimako. " A takaice, gaskiyar ita ce akasin "ƙin yarda da" samfurin jaraba, shawarar da Ley et al. suka ambata waɗannan abubuwan.

Ka yi la'akari da wannan bita, wanda Ley et al. suka rasa a fili: " Jima'i Jarabawa " (2010)

Karin Bayani: Wasu abubuwa na asibiti, kamar yawan shagaltuwa da wannan nau'in hali, lokacin da ake amfani da shi wajen jima'i, ci gaba da wannan hali duk da mummunan sakamakonsa, ƙoƙarin da aka yi akai-akai da kuma wanda bai yi nasara ba don rage wannan hali, suna goyon bayan cutar jaraba. …

Yanayin da ke tattare da yawan mace-macen da ba sa haifar da matsala a jima'i ya fi fifita fahimtarsa ​​a matsayin ɗabi'a mai jaraba , maimakon ta hanyar yawan damuwa ko kuma ta hanyar sarrafa motsin rai. (an ƙara jaddadawa)

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun ambaci DSM-5, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa caca ta hanyar cututtuka cuta ce ta jaraba bayan shekaru da dama na kimiyya mai ƙarfi, amma har yanzu ba ta ƙara jarabar intanet ko jarabar batsa ta intanet ba. Wannan ba abin mamaki ba ne domin binciken kwakwalwa da dama kan jarabar intanet ya yi ƙasa da na baya-bayan nan fiye da yawancin nazarin caca - kuma DSM-5 sananne ne a matsayin jinkirin siyasa da siyasa maimakon kimiyya.

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi amfani da kalmomi masu yaudara don nuna cewa DSM ta ambaci waɗannan don tallafawa matsayinta, " Ƙara [jarabar batsa ta intanet] a matsayin jaraba zai buƙaci binciken kimiyya da aka buga wanda babu shi a wannan lokacin . " Duk da haka, wannan bayanin an yi shi ne kawai ga Ley da abokan aikinsa ta hanyar sadarwa ta sirri daga shugaban ƙungiyar aiki ta DSM-5 kan Cututtukan da suka shafi miyagun ƙwayoyi da jaraba. Duk da haka, da alama DSM za ta haɗa da jarabar halayen jima'i, saboda binciken da aka yi kan duk jarabar intanet yana ƙaruwa kuma yana daidai da binciken da aka yi kan jarabar miyagun ƙwayoyi da caca. In ji Charles O'Brien a cikin 2013,

Tunanin jarabawar da ba ta shafi abu ba na iya zama sabon abu ga wasu mutane, amma waɗanda ke cikinmu waɗanda ke nazarin hanyoyin shaye-shaye sun sami tabbaci mai ƙarfi daga binciken dabba da na ɗan adam cewa jaraba cuta ce ta tsarin lada, kuma ba ta 'Ba damuwa ko ana kunna tsarin ta hanyar caca ko giya ko wani abu.

Bugu da ƙari, Dr. Richard Krueger , memba na ƙungiyar aiki wanda ya taimaka wajen gyara sashen cututtukan jima'i na DSM-5 , ba shi da wata shakka cewa "jarabar batsa gaskiya ce kuma daga ƙarshe za ta sami isasshen kulawa don a gane ta a matsayin cutar tabin hankali ."

Ba tare da yin sakaci ba, idan aka yi watsi da (1) sanarwar DSM cewa caca cuta ce ta jaraba (watau jarabar ɗabi'a) da kuma (2) shekaru na jaraba-kimiyyar jijiyoyi da ke nuna cewa jaraba, halayya da sinadarai, su ne babbar matsala guda ɗaya, marubutan mu na adawa da kimiyya na gaba sun yi watsi da duk jarabar ɗabi'a (gami da caca).

Da farko, sun yi watsi da jarabar abinci suna watsi da bincike mai zurfi kan batun kuma suna ambaton duka 5 , binciken da masana'antar sukari ta dauki nauyinsa, musamman WorldSugar Research (wanda Coca-Cola ta dauki nauyinsa), da kuma 6 "Kiba da kwakwalwa: yaya tsarin jarabar yake da gamsarwa?" Na karshen ya yi hujja mai kyau, amma marubutan sa sun zabi zabi, kuma sakamakon binciken ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi dangane da karatuttukan da suka saba wa juna, kamar " Kiba da jaraba: jijiyoyi masu hadewa " da " Hanyoyin kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin halitta na gama gari a cikin kiba da jarabar miyagun kwayoyi ."

Na gaba Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi watsi da jarabar intanet, suna ambaton wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekarar 2001, inda suka yi nuni da cewa kusan dukkan nazarin jarabar intanet an yi su ne a cikin shekaru 4 zuwa 5 da suka gabata. Aikin da aka yi kwanan nan ya kawar da matsayin Ley da abokan aikinsa cewa jarabar intanet ba gaskiya ba ne. An jera waɗannan nazarin kwakwalwa ~330 a wannan shafin.

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi watsi da jarabar caca, suna ambaton 8 , wanda tarihi ne na da, shekaru 25 da suka gabata. A lokaci guda kuma sun yi watsi da bincike da yawa da ke nuna canje-canje a kwakwalwa a cikin masu shan caca kamar waɗanda ke cikin kwakwalwar masu shan miyagun ƙwayoyi, da kuma matsayin DSM da kanta. Duba " Kamantuwa da bambance-bambance tsakanin caca ta hanyar cututtuka da cututtukan amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi: mai da hankali kan rashin himma da tilastawa " (2012) da " Jinkirtawar ƙwayoyin cuta na halayen caca ." Gaskiya, yana da wuya a guji yanke hukunci cewa Ley da abokan aikinsa kansu "masu ilimin kimiyyar lissafi ne."

Domin goyon bayan ikirarinsu na cewa "sarki ba ya saka tufafi," Ley da abokan aikinsa sun gabatar da wani jawabi ga wani jawabi na shugaban APA na shekarar 1991 , wanda da alama ba shi da wani tasiri ga komai.

Na gaba, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi fushi da kalmar "batsa" a cikin nazarin jaraba, suna ambaton 11 , wani labarin sake duba doka wanda ba shi da alaƙa da jaraba. Suna kira da a rage amfani da harshe mai son zuciya, suna ambaton 12 , wani abu wanda ba shi da alaƙa da jagororin kalmomin batsa.

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi ikirarin cewa amfani da batsa ba ya ƙaruwa duk da ƙaruwar samuwa , kuma kallon VSS a Amurka ya kasance mai ƙarfi sosai (kusan kashi 22%) tun 1973. Abin da kawai ke taimakawa waɗannan maganganun masu tayar da hankali shine ambato 20 , wani bincike da ya dogara da shekaru da yawa na amsoshi ga tambaya ɗaya a cikin wani bincike da gwamnati ta yi wa manyan mata da aka gudanar ta hanyar hirar sirri. Tambayar, wacce aka fara yi a 1973, ita ce " Shin kun kalli fim mai ƙimar X a shekarar da ta gabata? (0=a'a; 1=eh) ."

Daga nan sai masu binciken suka kwatanta kashi dari na duk matan da suka balaga wadanda suka ce “eh” don ganin fim din X-wanda aka yi shi (wanda hakan ba zai yiwu ba sai a gidan wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin) tare da kashi dari na matan da suka ce suna kallon hotunan intanet a yau. Sun kai ga matsawa mai ban mamaki cewa matsakaicin kallon batsa a cikin mata na kowane zamani bai canza sosai ba.

Wannan wani fim ne na gargajiya na apples da lemu. Da farko, fim ɗin X da aka yi wa alama a shekarun 70 (ka yi tunanin " Last Tango In Paris ") ba za a yi masa alama a X a yau ba. Bugu da ƙari, kashi na mata 'yan shekara 1973 da ke kallon daidai da batsa na yau zai kasance kusan 0%. Sabanin haka, adadin matasan mata da suka kalli fim ɗin X da aka yi wa alama a 2010 ya kai 33%. A zahiri, wannan ya karu daga sifili zuwa ɗaya cikin uku, kuma ya tashi daga ɗaya cikin biyar a 1993. Ba shi da tabbas.

Na biyu, kallon "fina-finai masu ƙimar X" bai faɗi komai game da wasu nau'ikan motsa jiki na batsa ta yanar gizo (wanda zai iya zama jaraba), wanda wasu daga cikin masu amfani da intanet a yau ke cinyewa fiye da kima, kamar yaɗa bidiyon batsa masu ƙarfi, amfani da kyamarar yanar gizo, rubuce-rubuce masu ban sha'awa na yau, hotuna marasa iyaka ko batsa masu rai kamar hentai.

Bugu da ƙari, mene ne alaƙar kididdigar kallon fina-finai da aka ƙima da X da jarabar batsa ? Shin wani zaɓe da aka yi da ke tambayar wanda ya sha giya ɗaya a shekarar da ta gabata zai dace a cikin wani bita game da jarabar barasa?

Idan Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi imanin cewa yawan batsa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a bincikensu, me yasa ba su ambaci binciken da ya haɗa da maza ba? Me yasa ba su ware 'yan asalin dijital ba, waɗanda suka fi fuskantar haɗarin shan batsa ta intanet fiye da kima, bisa ga gaskiyar cewa su ne suka fi yawa a cikin membobin dandalin murmurewa ta yanar gizo? Me yasa ba su kwatanta adadin batsa da aka kalli ba? Me yasa maimakon haka suka yi amfani da wannan binciken mara ma'ana a matsayin goyon baya kawai ga iƙirarinsu cewa ƙimar kallon batsa ta kai kashi 22% kuma ta tabbata? Yi la'akari da wasu bincike masu karo da juna da suka yi watsi da su, yadda ƙididdiga za su iya bambanta da amfani da batsa tsakanin manya masu tasowa a cikin 1973:

Ƙarin karatu tare da yawan amfani da batsa.

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun gabatar da kiyasin maza da mata da ke ba da rahoton abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin jima'i. Kiyasin da aka samu daga samfuran da aka wakilta a ƙasa baki ɗaya shine cewa kashi 0.8% na maza da kashi 0.6% na mata suna ba da rahoton halayen jima'i marasa tsari waɗanda ke tsoma baki a rayuwarsu ta yau da kullun [ 23 ].

Wannan bayanin ya nuna rashin mutuncin Ley da abokan aikinsa gaba ɗaya. Da farko, kiyasin su ya dogara ne akan ambato 23 , wani bincike da ba game da amfani da batsa ba ne. Masu binciken sun bayyana musamman cewa, " Ba mu yi tambaya game da batsa ba ." Ya shafi abubuwan da suka faru na jima'i, mafarki da sha'awa . A wata ma'anar, wannan binciken ba shi da wuri a cikin bita na "jarabar batsa", kuma duk ayyukan ƙididdiga masu ban sha'awa da ke biyo baya ba su da ma'ana.

Wannan ya ce, yana da kyau a lura cewa Ley, Prause da Finn ba kunya ba tsammani-waɗanda aka zaba daga sakamakon binciken (ba shi da mahimmanci). Kusan 13% na maza da 7% na mata sun bayar da rahoto daga kulawar abubuwan jima'i, amma Ley et al. sun yi biris da waɗannan kaso kuma kawai aka ambata cewa kashi 0.8% na maza da 0.6% na mata sun ba da rahoton cewa "ainihin halayensu na lalata ya tsoma baki cikin rayuwarsu." Amfani da batsa ba jima'i bane. Saboda haka akwai amfani da batsa ta matsala a cikin wasu mutane waɗanda suka yi imanin cewa babu "ainihin halayen jima'i [da ke] tsoma baki cikin rayuwarsu."

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi tsalle ba tare da wata ma'ana ba cewa amfani da batsa mai matsala koyaushe wani ɓangare ne na "halayen jima'i na gaske wanda ke tsoma baki ga rayuwar masu amfani," kuma sun kiyasta cewa matsalolin batsa na iya shafar kashi 0.58% na maza da kashi 0.43% na mata a Amurka . Abin mamaki. Majiya ta Ley da abokan aikinsa (duba tattaunawa ta 24 a ƙasa) ta ce masana sun kiyasta (a cikin 2012) cewa kashi 8-17% na masu amfani da batsa na Intanet sun kamu da jaraba.

Sabanin ƙiyasin da Ley da abokan aikinsa suka yi, masu binciken a cikin " Kallon Batsa ta Intanet: Ga Wa Yana da Matsala, Ta Yaya, da Me Yasa? " sun gano cewa,

kamar 20% -60% na samfurin da ke kallon batsa ya sami matsala dangane da yankin da sha'awar. A cikin wannan binciken, yawan kallon ba ya hango matsalar matsalolin da aka samu ba.

Lissafin da Ley da abokan aikinsa suka yi na yaudarar mutane da gangan sun kuma ɗauka cewa duk wanda ke da jarabar batsa yana neman magani. A gaskiya ma, akwai yiwuwar ƙaramin kashi ne kawai ke yin hakan. Misali, yi la'akari da miliyoyin masu shan taba da ke ƙoƙarin daina shan taba kowace shekara da kuma miliyoyin waɗanda suka daina shan taba a cikin shekaru da dama da suka gabata. Wataƙila waɗanda suka yi fama ba tare da taimakon ƙwararru ba sun fi waɗanda suka nemi hakan yawa. Kuma, mutum yana mamakin yadda mai bita na takwarorinsa, ko kuma marubucinsa Finn, zai iya yin watsi da irin wannan tunanin na yaudara.

Hanyoyin Amfani na VSS

Ley, da sauransu sun yi iƙirarin cewa Yawancin mutanen da ke kallon VSS sun yi imanin cewa yana inganta halayensu game da jima'i [ 25 ] kuma yana inganta rayuwarsu [ 26 ] . Nazarin da Ley da sauransu suka yi a matsayin shaida cewa tasirin batsa yana da amfani ( 24 , 25 , 26) ba su da gamsarwa. Na farko ( 24 ) a zahiri yana ba da shaidar illolin amfani da batsa:

Abin da aka ɗauko: Masana sun sanya kaso na mutanen da ke da matsala wajen nuna halayen jima'i a matsayin waɗanda ke kallon abubuwan da ba su da alaƙa da jima'i a kusan kashi 8-17% na yawan masu amfani da su (Cooper, Delmonico, & Burg, 2000; Cooper, Scherer, Boies, & Gordon, 1999). Wannan rukunin masu amfani yana nuna alamun halayen tilasta jima'i (misali, yin sa'o'i 11 ko fiye a kowane mako a cikin ayyukan jima'i ta yanar gizo) kuma yana ba da rahoton damuwa da rashin aiki (misali, raguwar aiki a wurin aiki).

Bugu da ari, masu binciken sun gano cewa amfani mai amfani na “abubuwan da ke bayyane a cikin jima’i” galibi sun ta’allaka ne da masu sauraren likita da ilimantarwa.

Nazari na biyu ( 25 ) galibi bincike ne na tallatawa na mutanen da ke son batsa (misali, "Wane daga cikin waɗannan ayyukan kuke son kasancewa a cikin batsa?"), wanda ya cika da tambayoyi kaɗan game da ra'ayoyi game da mata. Masana'antar batsa da kanta ce ta ba da kuɗaɗen tallafinsa. A matsayin wani ɓangare na dogon binciken, wata tambaya mai rikitarwa ta yi tambaya "Menene tasirin batsa a kan ra'ayoyinku game da jima'i?" Menene wannan tambayar, ko amsoshinta ("Babban tasiri mai kyau," "ƙaramin mummunan tasiri," da sauransu) ma ke nufi ? Shin wannan ba kamar tambayar mutane a wurin rave ba ne ko halartar rave ya yi tasiri mai kyau ko mara kyau ga ra'ayinsu game da ecstasy?

" Tasirin da ake gani da kai na shan batsa " ( 26 ) ya kuma dogara ne kawai akan fahimtar kai na masu amfani da batsa (maimakon kwatantawa da waɗanda ba masu amfani da su ba ko tsoffin masu amfani da su). Tambayoyinsa sun karkace don ganin cewa amfani da batsa koyaushe yana da amfani saboda duk ayyukan jima'i marasa daidaito da masu amfani da batsa ke koya game da su. Kammalawarsa? Da yawan batsa da kuke amfani da shi, da yawan yarda cewa yana da gaske, kuma da yawan yin lalata da shi, da yawan tasirinsa mai kyau a kowane fanni na rayuwarku. Kai! Babu ko da kararrawa a can mutane. Babban farfesa a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam kuma mai bita John Johnson ya kira wannan tambayar "mafarki mai ban tsoro," duk da haka Ley da abokan aikinsa sun ɗauke shi a matsayin mai iko. Duba wannan sukar binciken.

Gaskiya, yawancin "fa'idodi" da Ley et al suka ce. juya ya zama mummunan ga matasa masu amfani da batsa na yau. Ga wasu misalansu na yadda masu amfani da batsa zasu iya cin riba:

Ley Excerpt: yuwuwar samun jima'i ta dubura da ta baki [ 27 ] da kuma yawan halayen jima'i [ 28 ].

To, ƙarin fa'ida ce da ba ta da iyaka? A cikin " Shin batsa yana shafar halayen jima'i na matasa mata? " (2003), masu bincike na Sweden sun gano cewa daga cikin mata 1000 da aka yi wa tambayoyi a wani asibitin tsara iyali, 4 cikin 5 sun sha batsa. Kimanin rabi sun yi jima'i da dubura, kuma yawancinsu sun ga hakan a matsayin abin da ba shi da kyau. Amfani da kwaroron roba kashi 40% ne kawai, wanda ke nuna haɗarin yaɗuwar cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i. Daga cikin samarin Sweden da ke ziyartar irin wannan asibitin, kashi 99% sun sha batsa kuma rabi sun yi jima'i da dubura. Kashi 17% ne kawai suka yi amfani da kwaroron roba a lokacin jima'i da dubura. Duk jinsi sun ce kallon batsa ya yi tasiri ga halayensu.

A cewar Mount Sinai : "Ana kyautata zaton cewa yawan mutane da ke yin jima'i da abokan hulɗa da yawa kuma suna yin jima'i ta baki, sakamakon haka suna kamuwa da cutar HPV a yankin kai da wuya, wanda ke haifar da [aƙalla ninki huɗu zuwa biyar na yawan ciwon daji na oropharynx a Amurka]."

Ley Excerpt: Wannan ƙaruwar yawan halayen jima'i na iya tasowa ta hanyar ƙara wa mutum ƙarfin gwiwa don ba da shawarar sabbin halayen jima'i ko ta hanyar daidaita halayen [ 29 ].

“Daidaita dabi’un jima’i” a karshe ya zama abin firgita ga yawancin masu amfani da batsa saboda, a cikin neman su na neman sabon abu, a saukake suna karuwa zuwa batsa mai ban sha'awa wanda ba shi da alaƙa da sha'awar jima'i na farko. Wasu suna da nisa cikin wannan karkacewa kafin su fara tambayar ko abin da suke kallo "na al'ada ne."

Ley Excerpt: VSS kuma na iya haɓaka jin daɗi a lokacin, kamar farin ciki da farin ciki [ 30, 31 ].

Wane mai amfani da batsa ne ba shi da "jin daɗi" yayin amfani, kamar yadda mutane da yawa ke jin daɗin shan giya? Bai kamata masu amfani su sami ƙarin bayani game da yuwuwar tasirin amfani da batsa na dogon lokaci ba? A zahiri, ambato 31 shine binciken da Prause ya yi mai ban tsoro: "Babu Shaida ta Rashin Tsarin Ji a cikin "Maza da Mata" Suna Ba da Rahoton Motsin Zuciyarsu ga Fim ɗin Jima'i." Duba sharhin wannan binciken: " Nazari: Masu Amfani da Batsa Sun Ba da Rahoton Rage Motsin Zuciya ."

Ley Exclusive: VSS na iya samar da hanyar shari'a don halayen jima'i ko sha'awa ba bisa ƙa'ida ba.

Gaskiya? Shin Ley et al. sa'an nan kuma yin shawarwari game da kallon kallon yara da kuma samar da bukatar ƙarin?

Koma dai mene ne, ci gaba yana aiki akasin haka a wasu masu amfani. Maimakon kawai samar da hanyar da za a bi don sha'awar jima'i ta asali, batsa ta intanet na iya haifar da fifiko. Godiya ga neman su na sabon salon motsa jiki ta intanet, wasu masu amfani da batsa sun ba da rahoton cewa suna ƙara zama batsa ta hanyar jima'i ko kuma batsa ta yara, waɗanda duka haramun ne a wasu yankuna.

A cikin " Shin amfani da batsa mai ban sha'awa yana bin ci gaba irin na Guttman? " masu bincike sun binciki ko rashin jin daɗi (wanda ke haifar da buƙatar ƙarin abu mai tsanani) ya faru a cikin mutanen da ke shiga cikin batsa na manya tun suna ƙanana. Sun gano cewa,

Ley Excerpt: mutanen da ke da ƙaramin "shekarun farko" don amfani da batsa na manya sun fi shiga cikin batsa masu ban sha'awa (kasancewa da dabba ko yaro) idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ke da "shekarun farko" daga baya.

Ley et al. sa'an nan kuma ci gaba da haɗuwa da ƙananan laifuka tare da ƙara yawan amfani da batsa, kuma yana nuna alamar haɗakarwa ta tsakanin bayanai biyu da aka danganta (ba a kan ainihin binciken ba, amma a kan ƙididdigar kididdigar gwamnati). Idan waɗannan bayanai suna da wuri a cikin wannan bita, to, mun kira Ley et al. don sake yin nazarin su duka don yada yawan nazarin hulɗar juna da ke haɗar batsa tare da rashin lafiya. (Dubi jerin a ƙarshen wannan bayani, da kuma wasu nazarin da ba a kula da su ba a cikin jikin wannan bayanin.)

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun rubuta: Wani babban bincike mai tsayi da ke kula da halaye da ɗabi'u na asali ya gano cewa amfani da VSS ya kai kashi 0-1% kawai na bambancin ra'ayoyin rawar da jinsi ke takawa, ƙa'idodin jima'i na yarda, da cin zarafin jima'i ga yara maza ko mata [ 12 ] . Ley da abokan aikinsa sun zana hoton da ba shi da tushe game da jimillar sakamakon da aka samu a cikin ambato na 12 (“ X-Rated: Halayen jima'i da halayen da ke da alaƙa da fallasa matasa na farko na Amurka ga kafofin watsa labarai na jima'i” (2009) .)

Abin da aka ɗauko: Daga cikin dukkan masu canji a cikin samfuran, fallasa ga kafofin watsa labarai masu bayyana jima'i yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarfin hasashen, koda bayan sarrafa alƙaluma, yanayin balaga, neman jin daɗi, da ma'aunin asali na halin jima'i (idan ya dace). Don haka, waɗannan nazarin sun nuna cewa fallasa ga kafofin watsa labarai masu bayyana jima'i ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi a matsayin muhimmin abu a cikin hulɗar jima'i tsakanin matasa . …

Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi tayar da hankali a cikin wannan binciken shine cewa fallasa ba wai kawai yana da alaƙa da jima'i ta baki da jima'i da wuri ga maza da mata ba, har ma da cin zarafin mata da samari ke yi. (an ƙara jaddadawa)

Tsarin Yara

Kamar yadda Ley da abokan aikinsa suka dage a kan cewa jaraba ba wani tsari ne na nazari ba. Jaraba wataƙila ita ce mafi yawan bincike kuma mafi kyawun bayani game da dukkan matsalolin kwakwalwa. Ana iya haifar da ita a cikin dabbobi kuma a halin yanzu ana nazarin ta har zuwa hanyoyin ƙwayoyin halitta, kwayoyin halitta da epigenetic waɗanda ke canzawa ta jiki da sinadarai a cikin kwakwalwa sakamakon yawan shan ƙwayoyi akai-akai. Jaraba, a zahiri, akasin tsarin ka'ida ne. Gaskiya ce ta ilimin halittar jiki wacce ta shafi jarabar sinadarai da halaye.

Bugu da ƙari, Ley da sauransu sun yi ƙoƙari sosai don shawo kan kansu da masu karatunsu cewa likitocin DSM-5 masu saurin tafiya a hankali waɗanda a ƙarshe suka fara daidaita DSM da binciken da ake yi a yanzu ta hanyar ƙirƙirar nau'in jarabar ɗabi'a - ba su da ma'anar hakan da gaske : Duk da cewa akwai yarjejeniya cewa jaraba tsari ne mai amfani don bayyana dogaro da opiate [ 39 ], amfanin 'jaraba' don bayyana yawan amfani da kowace magani [ 40 ], caca ta tilas [ 41 ], da kuma yawan yin wasannin bidiyo [ 42 ] ya haifar da damuwa da yawa.

An ambaci ambatonsu a cikin wannan magana mai ban mamaki. An buga 39, 40 da 41 a cikin 1996, 1986 da 1989, bi da bi. Duk sun riga sun kasance mafi girman rabo na binciken kan kowace jaraba da aka ambata. An tilasta wa Ley da abokan aikinsa su koma cikin zurfin lokaci saboda nazarin kimiyyar zamani ba ya goyon bayan "damuwar" Ley da abokan aikinsa game da kimiyyar jaraba.

Ambato na 42 ya shafi wasan bidiyo (wanda ya shahara kwanan nan fiye da caca, ba shakka) kuma yana nuna wani abu na 2008. Duk da haka, wannan abun ya riga dukkan nazarin kwakwalwa guda 3 daga cikin kusan 60 da ake da su a kan masu shan intanet/wasan bidiyo. A matsayinmu na jiki, binciken da ke shiga tsakani ya nuna cewa jarabar intanet suma suna cikin rukunin jarabar halaye. A takaice, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun koma yin amfani da dabara don tallafawa ra'ayoyinsu na baya.

Na gaba, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun gabatar da ma'anarsu ta musamman game da jarabar batsa da aka samo daga iska mai laushi, sannan suka fara tattara rundunarsu ta bambaro, jerin dogon "shaidu" da suke da'awar suna da mahimmanci kafin mutum ya iya ɗaukar jarabar batsa a matsayin wanzuwa. A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan aikin, sun yi watsi da maganganun jama'a na ASAM da kuma shekarun da suka gabata na kimiyya mai ƙarfi waɗanda ke musanta matsayinsu. A kai a kai, suna nuna cewa an yi nazarin jarabar batsa ta hanyoyin da suka lissafa kuma aka gano cewa ba ta nan.

Ba haka lamarin yake ba. Nazarin kwakwalwa guda biyu na farko kan masu amfani da batsa da masana kimiyyar jijiyoyi suka yi yanzu sun fito kuma ƙarshen bincikensu ya wargaza ikirarin Ley et al. An riga an bayyana na farko a cikin manema labarai kafin Ley et al. suka buga wannan bita, kuma sun san cewa sun sami irin wannan shaidar kwarin gwiwa ta jaraba da ake gani a cikin masu shan muggan kwayoyi, masu shan caca da masu shan kwayoyi ta intanet. Mutum zai yi tunanin cewa idan Ley et al. suna yin nazari mai kyau kan yiwuwar wanzuwar jarabar batsa ta intanet, za su mai da hankali sosai ga nazarin kwakwalwa na ~330 kan jarabar intanet da jarabar bidiyo ta intanet . Tabbas waɗannan nazarin suna da matukar muhimmanci ga masu shan batsa ta intanet, musamman idan aka yi la'akari da ra'ayin ASAM cewa duk jaraba cuta ce guda ɗaya.

Bugu da ƙari, yana da daraja a lura cewa Ley et al. yi shelar opioids don zama kawai halattaccen buri - ko a cikin maganganunsu na fasaha, kawai "dogaro ga abin da jaraba ta gina yake da amfani. Babu wanda ya yarda da su. Ba DSM ba, ba ASAM ba, ba ƙwararrun likitoci gabaɗaya. Wataƙila, a zahiri, su kaɗai ne mutane 3 a doron duniyar da ke makale da wannan matsayin mara goyon baya. Ko wataƙila suna fatan maganganun da suke yi ba komai ba zai wautar da journalistsan jaridar da ba su sani ba.

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun ba da shawarar cewa wanzuwar jarabar batsa yana buƙatar samun goyon baya daga shaidar mummunan sakamako wanda ba za a iya danganta shi da wasu dalilai ba. Kamar yadda muka sani, ƙananan bincike sun yi ƙoƙarin duba nau'ikan alamun da ke nuna cewa masu amfani da batsa suna ba da rahoto a cikin dandali na kan layi: rashin aiki na jima'i, jinkirin fitar da maniyyi, rashin jin daɗi, canza dandanon jima'i, baƙin ciki, damuwa, damuwa ta zamantakewa, raguwar sha'awa ga ayyukan kirki, ƙarancin jan hankali ga abokan hulɗa na gaske, matsalolin tattara hankali, da sauransu. Kuma ba abu ne mai sauƙi ga masu amfani da batsa su haɗa amfani da batsa da alamun su ba har sai sun daina amfani da batsa (cire maɓallin maɓalli) na tsawon lokaci. Irin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna da wahalar tsarawa da aiwatarwa, kuma ba zai yiwu a yi da matasa ba duk da cewa su ne suka fi fuskantar mummunan tasiri saboda kwakwalwarsu ta fi saurin kamuwa da jaraba.

Kamar yadda aka yi a shekarar 2018, bincike tara sun ruwaito fa'idodi daga daina batsa . Duk 9 sun ba da rahoton muhimman sakamako, ciki har da gafartawa daga matsalolin jima'i, ingantaccen aikin zartarwa, ƙarin sadaukarwa ga wani muhimmin mutum, mai son kai, mai himma, da ƙarancin jijiyoyi. A takaice, da wuri ne a ɗauka cewa babu wani mummunan sakamako daga amfani da batsa ta intanet, musamman idan aka yi la'akari da matsalolin da ke tasowa daga yawan amfani da intanet, da kuma ɗaruruwan nazarin alaƙa game da amfani da batsa da ke nuna alaƙa da cutarwa.

Sakamakon Maɗaukaki na Babban Amfani da VSS - Babban VSS Amfani da ationsungiyoyi tare da Halayen-Hadarin Lafiya

Ley et al. sun nuna cewa an yi nazarin dalilai, kuma babu wani bincike da ya nuna alaƙa kai tsaye tsakanin amfani da VSS da halayen haɗarin lafiya . A gaskiya ma, babu wanda ya san abin da nazarin dalilai zai bayyana game da amfani da batsa da halayen haɗarin lafiya, saboda ba a yi wani bincike na dalili ba. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu kawai don tantance dalilai waɗanda babu ɗayansu da alama za a yi dangane da haɗarin lafiya da batsa: 1) Yi ƙungiyoyi biyu masu daidaitawa, inda ƙungiya ɗaya ke amfani da batsa ɗayan kuma ba ya yi. 2) Cire batsa na dogon lokaci kuma ga sakamakon.

A cikin lokaci, nazarin hulɗar juna shine shaidar da ta fi karfi, kuma yawancin su suna nuna ƙungiyoyi tsakanin yin amfani da batsa da halayyar haɗarin haɗari. (Dubi jerin a ƙarshen sharhi.) Ka tuna cewa Ley et al. da kansu suna ba da labari daidai lokacin da suke son sakamakon.

Sakamakon Maɗaukaki na Babban Amfani da VSS - Rashin Cutar Erectile da Amfani da Babban VSS?

Me yasa wannan sashe ya wanzu? Babu wani bincike da aka buga da ya taɓa ɗaukar amfani da batsa a matsayin mai canzawa dangane da rashin aikin jima'i. Babu wani abu da za a sake dubawa. Me yasa Ley et al. suka sake ƙirƙirar ra'ayin ƙarya cewa an yi nazarin dangantakar da ke tsakanin ED da batsa bisa ga ƙa'ida kuma an gano cewa ba su nan? Me yasa suke ambaton nazarin ED wanda bai taɓa tayar da batsa a matsayin mai yiwuwa ba, balle a cire amfani da batsa a matsayin mai canzawa don ganin ko zai taimaka (kamar yadda yake da dubban samari tare da ED mara misaltuwa waɗanda ke ba da rahoton sakamakonsu akan layi)?

ta karshe: co-marubucin Nicole Farko ya zama ƙara damuwa tare da batutuwan da aka lalata a cikin batutuwan ED, tare da yin aiki a Yakin da 4 ya yi a kan wannan takarda, yayinda kuma har yanzu suna tursasawa da kuma yakar matasa maza da suka karu daga dysfunctions na jima'i. Duba: Gabe Deem #1, Gabe Deem #2, Alexander Rhodes #1, Alexander Rhodes #2, Alexander Rhodes #3, Nuhu Ikilisiya, Alexander Rhodes #4, Alexander Rhodes #5, Alexander Rhodes #6, Alexander Rhodes #7, Alexander Rhodes #8, Alexander Rhodes #9, Alexander Rhodes # 10,  Gabe Deem & Alex Rhodes tare, Alexander Rhodes # 11, Alexander Rhodes #12, Alexander Rhodes #13. Wanda zai iya kawai tsammani dangane da abin da ya sa Prause ya shiga cikin waɗannan halayen masu rikitarwa da damuwa.

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yarda cewa bincike biyu na Turai sun gano ƙaruwar ED a cikin samari. Duk da haka, babu ɗayansu da ke cikin "Babu Tufafi." Masu binciken a cikin waɗannan binciken ba su yi tunanin yin bincike kan batutuwa game da amfani da batsa ta intanet ba. Sun iya kawai zato cewa ƙaruwar ED a cikin matasa na iya samo asali ne daga abubuwa kamar shan taba, shan ƙwayoyi, baƙin ciki ko rashin lafiya. A gefe guda kuma, shan taba yana cikin ƙarancin tarihi, kuma yana haifar da matsalolin ED ne kawai a cikin masu shan taba na dogon lokaci waɗanda ke kamuwa da cututtukan jijiyoyin jini. Da yake tsokaci game da waɗannan binciken biyu, masanin ilimin fitsari James Elist ya ce batsa ta intanet ita ce babban dalilin ED a cikin samari:

kayan wasan motsa jiki, shan taba, da kuma tunanin tunanin mutum, idan aka kwatanta da yin amfani da batsa ta yanar gizo, don yin hakan maimakon ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa da ke da alhakin farawa ED.

Na gaba Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi hasashen cewa batsa ba zai iya haifar da ED ba saboda kwakwalwar maza tare da ED da ba tare da shi ba ta nuna wani bambanci ba yayin kallon VSS a cikin ( 63 ). A zahiri ambato 63 bai dace da tattaunawar ED da batsa ba. Ya bincika ayyukan kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa ne kawai, ba yankunan limbic da ke jagorantar sha'awa da tsagewa ba. Ba zato ba tsammani, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi watsi da wani bincike wanda ya gano bambance-bambance a cikin kunna kwakwalwa tsakanin waɗanda ke da ED da iko: “ Matsayin hagu mafi girma na parietal lobe a cikin halayen jima'i na maza: ƙarfin abubuwan da aka bayyana ta FMRI .” Lura: 'Psychogenic ED' kalma ce ta ED, kamar ED mai alaƙa da batsa, wanda ba za a iya bayyana shi ta hanyar dalilai na halitta kamar lalacewar jijiyoyin jini ba.

Ley et al. (da masu bita) sun yi watsi da nazarin biyu na gaba, wanda ya nuna bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci (a cikin yankunan kwakwalwa masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke sarrafa sha'awar jima'i da tsagewa) lokacin da masu bincike suka kwatanta batutuwa masu iko da batutuwa waɗanda ke da ED na psychogenic.

A ƙudurinsu na yin watsi da batsa na intanet a matsayin abin da zai iya haifar da ƙarancin saurayi na ED, Ley et al. ko da lalata al'aura da inzali. (Abin baƙin cikin wannan matsayin da zakarun "babban sha'awar jima'i" suka ɗauka abin lura ne.) Sun fi son yin tunanin game da waɗannan ayyukan girmamawa guda biyu, na yau da kullun, maimakon yin la'akari da yuwuwar yiwuwar batsa ta yanar gizo mai saurin gaske, sabon abu kuzarin da ya kasance kawai don ƙiftawar ido a cikin maganganun juyin halitta, na iya zama wani dalili.

Sun kai ga ƙarshe mai ban mamaki, ba tare da tallafi daga masanin ilimin urologist ba, cewa ED na yau da kullun a cikin samari aiki ne na al'aura, ko kuma, a madadin haka, lokacin ƙyama ne. Wannan karshen yana da matukar damuwa saboda gaskiyar cewa wani lokacin yakan dauki watanni 2-12 don mutane su dawo da ayyukansu koda bayan sun daina batsa / al'aura. Wannan wani lokaci ne mara kyau!

Rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa da ke haifar da batsa a cikin samari ya mamaye aikin likitanci da mamaki, amma a wannan shekarar likitoci sun fara amincewa da hakan. Farfesa a fannin ilimin fitsari a Harvard kuma marubucin littattafai kan lafiyar maza Abraham Morgentaler , MD ya ce,

“Yana da wuya a san ainihin samari nawa ke fama da cutar batsa ta ED. Amma a bayyane yake cewa wannan sabon abu ne, kuma ba kasafai ake samun irin wannan ba. ”

Kuma masanin fitsari kuma marubuci Harry Fisch, MD ya rubuta a fili cewa batsa tana kashe jima'i. A cikin littafinsa The New Naked , ya yi nuni ga abin da ke da muhimmanci - intanet:

Ya “samar da sauƙin samun sauƙin abin da ke da kyau a matsayin magani na ɗan lokaci amma jahannama don lafiyar [jima'i] a kowace rana.

Dokta Fisch ya ci gaba:

Zan iya faɗin yawan batsa da mutum yake kallo da zarar ya fara magana da gaskiya game da duk wata matsalar lalata da yake da ita. Man Namiji mai yawan yin al'aura da jimawa zai iya haifar da matsalolin erection idan yana tare da abokin zama. Sanya batsa a cikin mahaɗin, kuma zai iya yin rashin jima'i. ...

Bugu da ƙari, a cikin sabon binciken na Cambridge a kan ƙwallon ƙwallon 19 na batsa, masu bincike sun faɗi sau uku cewa fiye da rabin batutuwa sun ba da rahoton matsalolin ED / arousal tare da abokan haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ba su nan a yayin yin amfani da batsa. Misali,

Mutanen da ke cikin CSB [halayyar jima'i ta tilastawa] sun ruwaito cewa sakamakon yawan amfani da kayan jima'i, sun rasa ayyukansu saboda amfani da su a wurin aiki (N = 2), lalata dangantaka ta kud da kud ko kuma mummunan tasiri ga wasu ayyukan zamantakewa (N = 16), sun fuskanci raguwar sha'awar jima'i ko aikin jima'i musamman a cikin dangantaka ta jiki da mata (kodayake ba dangane da kayan jima'i ba) ( N = 11 ), sun yi amfani da rakiya fiye da kima (N = 3), sun fuskanci tunanin kashe kansu (N = 2) da kuma amfani da kuɗi mai yawa (N = 3; daga £7000 zuwa £15000). (an ƙara jaddadawa)

A ƙarshe, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun faɗi wani abu da muka yarda da shi gaba ɗaya, kodayake ba mu san ko samari masu rauni za su yaba da lakabin Ley da abokan aikinsa na "ba tare da wata cuta ba." Masu binciken sun yarda cewa koyo , wani kalma wanda zai zama 'yanayin jima'i,' na iya taimakawa ga matasa ED. Mun yarda gaba ɗaya cewa matasa masu amfani da batsa na iya haɗa martanin jima'i zuwa allon da sabbin abubuwa maimakon mutane, don haka wasan kwaikwayo da ainihin mutum baƙon abu ne kuma ba abin tayar da hankali ba. Wannan, ba shakka, bai hana wasu daga cikin waɗannan masu fama da ED su zama masu jaraba ba.

Abin da Ley da abokan aikinsa suka kasa ambata shi ne cewa yanayin jima'i (koyo) da jarabar batsa suna kama da suna satar wasu hanyoyin iri ɗaya a cikin kwakwalwa. A wata ma'anar, yanayin jima'i da jaraba abubuwa ne masu alaƙa da juna a matsayin wani abu na halitta. Ba shi da ma'ana a yi nishaɗin yanayin jima'i a matsayin abin da zai iya haifar da matsalolin batsa kuma har yanzu ana dagewa cewa canje-canjen kwakwalwa da suka shafi jaraba ba za su iya aiki a wasu masu amfani ba.

Hanyar ED wanda ke fitowa daga Pavlovian yanayin shafewa ta fuskar fuska shine shaida mai karfi cewa batsa ta yanar gizo shine babban abin damuwa wanda bai dace ba da batsa mai mahimmanci dangane da sakamakonta. ED ba ƙalubalanci ba ne ga masu amfani da batsa masu sauraro wanda kawai zasu iya kallo a kan mujallar mujallu ko mujallu.

A takaice, yarda da Ley da abokansa cewa batsa na iya haifar da ED ta hanyar yanayin jima'i (koyo) yana kusa da yarda cewa batsa na iya haifar da jaraba - kodayake da alama ba su san wannan ba. Jaraba wani misali ne kawai na ilimin cututtuka, daidai da alaƙa da yanayin Pavlovian. Kamar yadda masu bincike suka ce a cikin " Farawa da kula da tilasta jima'i ta yanar gizo: Abubuwan da ke haifar da kimantawa da magani ":

Karin Bayani : Halin tilasta jima'i a Intanet yanzu matsala ce da aka sani sosai. … Abubuwan da ke taimakawa wajen kiyaye halayen tilasta jima'i a yanar gizo sun haɗa da yanayin sanyi na gargajiya da yanayin sanyi [watau, yanayin sanyi na Pavlovian].

Na kamu ko ba, a lokacin da matasa maza da batsa da alaka Ed sallama yin amfani da batsa da suka kullum fuskanci wani dogon lokaci na low libido, wadanda ba m al'aurar da kuma wani lokacin m ciki. Abin farin ciki, dubban masu amfani da batsa na farko sun magance matsalolin lafiyar jima'i (ED, jinkirta haɗari, anorgasmia, asarar janyo hankulan abokan hulɗar gaske da kuma cin ganyayyaki na fata) ta hanyar barin. Sakamakon gwagwarmayar su na nuna ƙaddamarwa, koda kuwa za a buƙaci ƙarin bincike don kafa shi.

Illolin Mummunan sakamako na Babban Amfani da VSS - Rashin hana Amfani da VSS

Don tallafawa da'awarsu cewa Mutane da yawa suna ba da rahoton rashin iya sarrafa amfani da VSS ɗinsu, fiye da bayar da rahoton matsalolin rayuwa sakamakon amfani da su [ 23 ] , Ley et al. sun sake ambaton wani bincike wanda bai yi tambaya game da amfani da batsa ba. (Duba tattaunawar da ke sama game da ambato 23. ) Sun kuma kammala da cewa babu wani bayani da ke goyon bayan ra'ayin cewa 'masu shan batsa' suna da wahalar hana amfani da VSS ɗinsu.

A kowane hali, menene binciken ya bukaci masu amfani da batsa su dakatar da yin amfani da batsa saboda haka za a iya magance matsalolin su? Ba wanda muka sani ba. Wannan ya ce, Ley et al. ba da la'akari da ɗakunan karatu da yawa wanda ya nuna cewa wasu masu amfani da batsa suna da matsala wajen hana amfani. Yi la'akari da haka:

  • Intanit na jima'i da aka bi da shi tare da naltrexone (2008) - Rubutawa: Rashin aiki na cibiyar lada na kwakwalwa yana ƙara fahimtar fahimtar duk halayen jaraba. An tsara shi don magance shaye-shaye, naltrexone ya toshe opiates don haɓaka sakin dopamine. Wannan labarin yana nazarin tsarin naltrexone na aiki a cibiyar lada kuma ya bayyana wani amfani da ake amfani dashi don naltrexone a cikin danniya mai tilasta yin lalata da rikice-rikicen mutum game da batsa ta Intanet.
  • Tsinkaya amfani da Intanet mai amfani: duk game da jima'i ne! (2006) - Excerpt: Makasudin wannan bincike shi ne ya tantance ikon da ke tattare da aikace-aikacen Intanet a kan ci gaba da amfani da Intanet (CIU). Binciken yana da zane mai tsayi biyu tare da tazarar shekara 1. A kan tushen giciye, wasan caca da erotica suna da mahimmanci aikace-aikacen Intanit da suka shafi CIU. A kan dogon lokaci, ciyar da lokaci mai yawa akan erotica yayi annabcin ƙaruwa a CIU 1 shekara daga baya. Abubuwan da ake yi wa addininsu na aikace-aikace daban-daban sun bambanta; erotica yana nuna mafi girma. (girmamawa kara da cewa)
  • Halin halayyar jima'i a cikin samfurin samfurin maza: ƙungiyoyi da ciwo na sirri da rashin aikin aiki. - Excerpt: Akwai 75.3% (N = 253) wanda ya bayar da rahoton cewa yana cikin damuwa saboda halin jima'i. Aikin hanawa a akalla daya rai yanki da aka kayyade da 77.4% (N = 270), kuma mafi mahalarta (56.2%) ya ruwaito hanawa game da abokin dangantaka. Kuskuren mutum da rashin aikin aiki a sassa uku an hade da karfi mai dalili don canza canji. An ba da damuwa da amfani da batsa ta kan layi, al'aura, da / ko saduwa da juna tare da canza abokan tarayya. (girmamawa kara da cewa)
  • Masu amfani da Cybersex, Abusers, da Wadanda suke Bukatar: Sabbin Sakamakon Sakamako (2000) - Musamman: Wannan binciken yana nazarin halaye da halaye na mutanen da suke amfani da Intanet don dalilan jima'i. Kayan Kalichman Sexual Compulsivity Scale shine kayan aiki na farko don raba samfurin (n = 9,265) zuwa kungiyoyi hudu: ba tare da haɗari ba (n = 7,738), matsananciyar jima'i da karfi (n = 1,007), yin jima'i (n = 424), da cybersex mai karfi (n = 96); 17% na dukkanin samfurin da aka zana a cikin matsala mai matsala don cin zarafin jima'i. (girmamawa kara da cewa)

Neuroadaptations zuwa VSS Yi amfani

Wannan ɓangaren ya fitar da gaskiyar ƙaƙƙarfan ladabi na maza, waɗanda ba komai ba ne face zaɓaɓɓun zaɓi na 'mahimman abubuwa' Ley et al. yana nufin an yi nazari kuma an sami so a cikin masu amfani da batsa.

Babban ginshiƙin rubutunsu shine cewa " babu wani bayani da ya nuna cewa VSS ta bambanta da duk wani aiki ko abu da ake so ". A wata ma'anar, motsa jiki ta jima'i ba ya bambanta da kallon abubuwan tunawa na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa da kuka fi so (kamar yadda suka nuna daga baya). Tabbas wannan ba shi da ma'ana.

Na farko, ayyukan jima'i suna ɗaga dopamine na nucleus fiye da duk wani abin ƙarfafawa, kamar abinci mai daɗi sosai. Na biyu, motsa jiki ta jima'i yana kunna nasa saitin ƙwayoyin halittar nucleus accumbens . Waɗannan ƙwayoyin halittar suna aiki ta hanyar magungunan jaraba kamar methamphetamine da cocaine, shi ya sa waɗannan magungunan suke da ban sha'awa ga wasu masu amfani. Sabanin haka, lada kamar abinci da ruwa suna kunna wani yanki daban na ƙwayoyin halittar nucleus accumbens, kuma akwai ƙaramin kashi na kunnawar ƙwayoyin halittar jijiyoyi tsakanin meth da abinci ko ruwa (wasu lada na halitta).

A taƙaice, mun san bambanci tsakanin kallon ƙwallon ƙafa da kuma samun inzali mai ban sha'awa. Idan aka yi la'akari da inzali, fitar maniyyi a cikin berayen maza na iya rage ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi na lada waɗanda ke samar da dopamine na ɗan lokaci. Wannan lamari na yau da kullun yana kwaikwayon tasirin jarabar heroin akan waɗannan ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi na dopamine. Wannan wani misali ne na keɓancewar motsa jiki ta jima'i da kuma yadda yake kwaikwayon tasirin magungunan jaraba. Ƙarin bincike na baya-bayan nan sun gano cewa magungunan jima'i da jaraba ba wai kawai suna kunna ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi iri ɗaya na lada ba, har ma suna haifar da canje-canje iri ɗaya na ƙwayoyin halitta da bayyanar kwayoyin halitta. Jima'i ya bambanta tsakanin lada, kuma yana da halaye da yawa tare da magungunan jaraba.

Na gaba, Ley et al. bayyana cewa batsa ba zai iya haifar da jaraba ba sai dai idan ya canza amsawar kwakwalwa daga 'so' zuwa 'so.'

"Wannan da alama ya cika sha'awar farko da ake da ita a ci gaban jarabar miyagun ƙwayoyi [ 90] kuma yana ba da wasu abubuwan da suka yi kama da ƙarfafa abubuwa [ 91 ], amma a kowane hali ba a nuna wani canji daga sha'awa zuwa sha'awa ko sha'awa ba."

A sakamakon haka, Ley et al. suna musun cewa sha'awar batsa ta wanzu. Duk da haka dukkanin wadannan binciken sun nuna cewa sha'awar ba shi da:

Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da masu bincike suka yi bincike a ƙarshe game da "son" da "so" a cikin masu shan batsa, sun gano ainihin abin da Ley et al suka ce ya ɓace: sauyawa daga son zuwa so. Wani bincike na kwakwalwa na Jami'ar Cambridge ta 2014 kan masu shan batsa ya nuna cewa sun fuskanci sha'awar da aka haifar da cue-induced da kuma ƙara yawan kunnawar ventral striatum fiye da sarrafawa, duk da haka ba su "son" batsa ba fiye da sarrafawa. Daga binciken:

Karin bayani: "Sha'awar jima'i ko ma'aunin son kai sun bayyana sun rabu da son kai, daidai da ka'idojin ƙarfafa gwiwa na jaraba 12 inda akwai ƙarin son kai amma rashin son lada mai mahimmanci."

“Idan aka kwatanta da masu aikin sa kai na lafiya, batutuwa na CSB [masu yin lalata da batsa] suna da sha'awar jima'i ko son bayyana bayyanannun bayanai kuma suna da ƙaunatattun maganganu ga maganganun batsa, don haka suna nuna rarrabuwar ra'ayi tsakanin so da ƙaunata. Har ila yau, batutuwa na CSB sun fi rashin lalacewa game da sha'awar jima'i da matsalolin mawuyacin hali a cikin zumunci amma ba tare da abubuwan da ke bayyane na jima'i ba da ke nuna cewa ƙimar sha'awar da aka haɓaka ta kasance takamaiman abubuwan da ke bayyane kuma ba cikakke ƙarfin sha'awar jima'i ba. ”

A taƙaice, masu amfani da batsa masu tilastawa (masu amfani da CSB) a cikin wannan binciken sun yi daidai da tsarin jaraba da aka yarda da shi, wanda ake kira ƙarfafawa ko ƙarfafawa . Masu jaraba suna fuskantar sha'awar amfani da "shi" ( so ), duk da haka ba sa son "shi" fiye da waɗanda ba masu jaraba ba. Ko kuma kamar yadda wasu ke faɗa, "suna son shi fiye da haka, ba sa son shi kaɗan, amma ba sa gamsuwa."

Wani bincike da Jami'ar Cambridge ta gudanar bayan wani bincike ya ƙara tallafawa tsarin jaraba na sha'awar batsa ba tare da ƙarin son sa ba. Marubutan sun kammala da cewa:

Musamman: "Waɗannan binciken sun haɗu da binciken da aka yi kwanan nan game da amsawar jijiyoyi ga alamun jima'i a cikin CSB a cikin hanyar sadarwa mai kama da wacce ke cikin nazarin amsawar miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma suna ba da tallafi ga ka'idodin motsa jiki na jaraba waɗanda ke haifar da martani mara kyau ga alamun jima'i a cikin CSB."

Wani bincike na kwakwalwa da Cibiyar Max Planck ta Jamus ta gudanar a shekarar 2014 , wanda aka buga a JAMA Psychiatry, ya kuma goyi bayan tsarin jaraba na son batsa fiye da kima, amma ba a son sa fiye da kima. Binciken ya gano cewa yawan sa'o'i a kowane mako/fiye da shekaru na kallon batsa yana da alaƙa da ƙarancin ayyukan da'irar lada idan aka gabatar da hotuna marasa motsi. Binciken ya kuma danganta yawan amfani da batsa da asarar lada mai launin toka. Daga binciken:

"Wannan ya yi daidai da tunanin da ke nuna cewa tsananin kamuwa da batutuwan batsa yana haifar da rage kaifin yanayin jijiyoyin jiki game da matsalolin jima'i."

Babbar marubuciya Simone Kühn ta ce -

" Hakan na iya nufin cewa yawan shan batsa akai-akai yana ƙara gajiyar da tsarin lada ."

Kühn ya ci gaba -

" Muna tsammanin cewa batutuwa masu yawan amfani da batsa suna buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfafawa don samun irin wannan lada. "

Kühn ya ce a halin da ake ciki a hankali, wallafe-wallafen kimiyya sun nuna masu amfani da batsa suna neman abu da littafi da kuma wasan kwaikwayo mafi tsanani.

" Wannan zai dace daidai da hasashen cewa tsarin ladansu yana buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfafawa. "

Abubuwan da aka gano a sama sun wargaza manyan muhawara guda biyu da masu ba da shawara kan batsa suka gabatar :

  • Wannan jarabar batsa shine kawai “babban sha'awar jima'i". Gaskiya: Mafi yawan masu amfani da batsa ba su da martani a kan hotunan jima'i na yau da kullun, saboda haka ba su da “sha'awar jima'i.”
  • Wancan amfani da batsa ana tilasta shi ta hanyar "al'ada", ko zama mai gundura cikin sauƙi. Gaskiya: Halin al'ada shine sakamako na ɗan lokaci wanda baya ƙunshe da ƙarancin ƙarancin ainihin tsarin kwakwalwar da aka samo a cikin binciken da aka gabata.

Kuma, tare da ' gado ' na jarabar batsa Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yaudari masu karatu ta hanyar nuna cewa wannan abu yana da mahimmanci don kafa jaraba (ko?), kuma cewa bincike ya bincika shi a cikin masu jarabar batsa kuma an gano babu shi. Duk da haka, babu irin wannan binciken da ya bayyana (har yanzu), kuma rashinsa ba shaida ce ta komai ba.

Fahimtar Ley da abokan aikinsa game da jaraba wataƙila ta fi bayyana a cikin sharhinsu kan ΔFosB , wani abu da ke taruwa tare da shan ƙwayoyi da yawa kuma yana iya haifar da sauye-sauye masu ɗorewa a cikin kwakwalwa da ke da alaƙa da jaraba. Da farko, babu shakka cewa magungunan cin zarafi da lada na halitta suna haifar da ΔFosB a cikin ƙwayoyin halittar ƙwayoyin halitta (NAc) na beraye. Takardar 2001 ta Nestler, da sauransu. “ ΔFosB: Canjin kwayoyin halitta mai ɗorewa don jaraba ” ta bayyana:

ΔFosB zai iya aiki a matsayin "maye gurbin kwayoyin" wanda ke taimakawa wajen farawa sannan kuma ya kula da muhimman al'amurra na yanayin da aka kamu.

Tun daga shekarar 2001, bincike bayan bincike ya tabbatar da cewa shan lada ta halitta ( jima'i , sukari , yawan kitse , motsa jiki na motsa jiki ) ko shan magani na yau da kullun na kusan kowace magani na cin zarafi yana haifar da ΔFosB a cikin ƙwayoyin halittar ...

Na biyu, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun ce ΔFosB yana aiki ta hanyoyin D1. Wannan ba koyaushe gaskiya bane . Manyan keɓancewa sune opiates (misali, morphine, heroin), waɗanda ke haifar da ΔFosB daidai a cikin ƙwayoyin D1 da nau'in D2. Ladabi na halitta kamar sucrose (amma ba jima'i ba) suna kama da opiates a wannan fanni. Ayyukan jima'i suna haifar da ΔFosB a cikin ƙwayoyin D1 a cikin tsari mai kama da cocaine da methamphetamine.

Na uku, Ley da sauransu sun ce babban aikin ΔFosB shine rage siginar dopamine. A zahiri, matakin farko na ΔFosB shine hana dynorphin, don haka ƙara siginar dopamine, kodayake ΔFosB na iya haifar da ƙa'idar rage D2 (rage siginar). Duba " Cdk5 Phosphorylates Dopamine D2 Receptor and Ratenuates Downstream Siginar" (2013)

Na huɗu, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun rasa rawar da ΔFosB ke takawa a fannin fahimtar abubuwa (wanda ke haifar da sha'awa). Wani bita da ya shafi shekaru 15 na binciken ΔFosB ya bayyana fahimtar abubuwa a matsayin babban aikin ΔFosB wanda ke haifar da jaraba, duka sinadarai da kuma halaye.

Karin Bayani: Waɗannan bayanai sun nuna cewa shigar da ΔFosB a cikin ƙwayoyin halittar da ke ɗauke da dynorphin masu matsakaicin spiny na ƙwayoyin halittar yana ƙara yawan jin daɗin dabba ga cocaine da sauran magungunan da ake amfani da su wajen cin zarafi, kuma yana iya wakiltar wata hanya ta jin daɗin amfani da magungunan na dogon lokaci. …

ΔFosB a cikin wannan kwakwalwa tana da hankali ga dabbobi ba kawai don sakamako na miyagun ƙwayoyi ba, amma ga sakamakon ladabi, kuma zai iya taimaka wa jihohi na jaraba na al'ada.

Sensitization kuma yana bayyana yadda ΔFosB ke ƙarfafa ladan jima'i . Dangane da jima'i, matakan ΔFosB na beraye ne kawai aka auna zuwa yanzu. Misalai kaɗan ne kawai:

Rahoton Delta JunD a cikin ƙananan mahaifa ya hana karbar jima'i a cikin shinge na matan Siriya (2013)

Karin Bayani : Waɗannan bayanai, idan aka haɗa su da binciken da muka yi a baya, suna nuna cewa ∆FosB ya zama dole kuma ya isa ga yanayin da ya dace bayan jima'i. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan sakamakon suna ba da gudummawa ga wani muhimmin rukuni na wallafe-wallafen da ke nuna buƙatar bayyanar ΔFosB na ciki a cikin ƙwayoyin halittar don daidaitawa da amsawa ga abubuwan da ke haifar da lada ta halitta.

Abinda ke da sakamako na al'ada ya canza AMPA da NKDD da kuma aiki a cikin ƙananan ƙananan (2012)

Karin Bayani: Tare, waɗannan bayanai sun nuna cewa ƙwarewar jima'i tana haifar da canje-canje na dogon lokaci a cikin bayyanar glutamate receptor da aiki a cikin nucleus accumbens. Ko da yake ba iri ɗaya ba ne, wannan neuroplasticity da aka haifar da jima'i yana da kamanceceniya da wanda psychostimulants ke haifarwa, yana ba da shawarar hanyoyin gama gari don ƙarfafa lada na halitta da na magani.

Ka'idojin Kwayoyin Halitta da Hanyoyin Drug a Dokar Kasuwancin Kasuwanci ta Kasa da ΔFosB a matsayin Mai Mahimmanci Mai Mahimmanci (2013)

Karin Bayani : Ladabi na halitta da na magani ba wai kawai suna haɗuwa a kan hanyar jijiya ɗaya ba, suna haɗuwa a kan masu shiga tsakani iri ɗaya na kwayoyin halitta kuma wataƙila a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta iri ɗaya a cikin ƙwayoyin halittar don yin tasiri ga tasirin ƙarfafawa da "son" nau'ikan lada biyu (jima'i da magungunan cin zarafi).

To, menene game da mutane? Ley et al. daidai bayyana cewa akwai manyan ƙalubale a auna ΔFosB a cikin mutane. Yana bukatar sabo gawa. Amma kuma, da gangan sun ɓatar da masu karatunsu ko kuma sun kasa yin aikin gida. Ba su bayar da rahoton cewa sama da matakan ΔFosB mafi girma an samo su a cikin masu maye na maye. Wannan yana nuna cewa ΔFosB yana da irin wannan rawar wajen ƙarfafa sakamako a cikin mutane. Madadin Ley et al. kawai ya nuna sakamakon null ΔFosB ne a cikin mashayan maye. Ta yaya wancan ke don cuku-cuku? Sun zaɓi wani yanayi ba tare da fatan zasu iya yaudarar masu karatu ba cewa binciken ΔFosB ba zai iya ba da goyon baya mai ƙarfi ba game da ra'ayin cewa duk haɗarin sinadarai da halayyar ɗabi'a cuta ce ta rayuwa.

Me ya haifar da rashin daidaituwar? Binciken da aka yi kan masu shan giya ya duba ne kawai a kan frontal cortex , ba nucleus accumbens ko dorsal striatum ba, wanda shine inda ake auna ΔFosB dangane da jaraba. Duk binciken da ya haifar da halaye irin na jaraba da yanayin amfani da yawa sun yi hakan ne ta hanyar ɗaga ΔFosB a cikin nucleus accumbens ba frontal cortex ba.

A kowane hali, gawawwakin masu shan giya ba za su kasance marasa lafiya ba saboda masu shan giya galibi suna fuskantar raguwar hankali daga yanayin da suke ciki na yau da kullun, wanda yawanci zai sa sha'awar jarabarsu ta zama ƙasa da yuwuwa kuma don haka ya sa tarin ΔFosB ya zama ƙasa da kusan mutuwarsu. Sabanin haka, masu shan cocaine waɗanda aka auna matakan ΔFosB duk sun mutu kwatsam ba tare da rashin lafiya mai tsawo ba. Duba " Amsoshin Halayya da Tsarin Hodar Iblis na Kullum Suna Bukatar Madauri na Ci gaba wanda ya shafi ΔFosB da Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II a cikin Nucleus Accumbens Shell" (2013)

Karin Bayani: Tawagar ta ƙunshi maza 37 da mata 3, waɗanda shekarunsu suka kama daga shekaru 15 zuwa 66. Duk waɗanda suka mutu ba zato ba tsammani ba tare da wani yanayi na dogon lokaci ko kuma rashin lafiya mai tsawo ba. … A nan, mun gabatar da shaidar farko cewa matakan ΔFosB da CaMKII sun ƙaru a cikin NAc na mutanen da suka dogara da cocaine. Waɗannan bayanai sun nuna cewa bincikenmu game da haifar da ΔFosB da CaMKII ta hanyar cocaine a cikin beraye NAc yana da alaƙa da jarabar cocaine ta ɗan adam.

Na gaba, Ley et al. sanya tsalle daga yaudara ko rashin iya aiki… zuwa rashin daidaituwa. Saboda dalilan da su kaɗai suka sani sai suka fara gulma game da halayyar maza-da-maza, suna masu da'awar cewa babu wanda zai iya yin nazarin liwadi ko ΔFosB ba tare da yin amfani da berayen jinsi ba, wanda zai “lalata halayen ɗan luwaɗi.” Huh? Wannan ba shi da tabbas kamar maganganunsu na farko cewa kawai opioids na iya haifar da jaraba.

Wataƙila wannan jan herring mai rai yana nan ne don ya ɗauke hankalin masu karatu daga tunanin mahimmancin tasirin ΔFosB ga jarabar jima'i. Amphetamine da jima'i suna sa ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi iri ɗaya a cikin kwakwalwa , wanda ke nuna cewa daga cikin duk jaraba, jarabar halayen jima'i na iya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi jan hankali. Ko kuma a faɗi wannan ta wata hanya, jarabar miyagun ƙwayoyi tana kwace injinan kwakwalwa waɗanda suka samo asali don haifar da koyon jima'i.

A takaice, dagewar Ley da abokan aikinsa cewa halayen jima'i ba za su iya zama jaraba ba idan aka fuskanci wani abu mai ban mamaki kamar batsa na intanet ba komai bane illa rashin kulawa idan aka yi la'akari da shaidar cewa ΔFosB yana aiki, yana jan hankalin kwakwalwa, a cikin jima'i da jaraba. Duba " Sha'awar batsa - wani abu mai ban mamaki da aka yi la'akari da shi a cikin mahallin neuroplasticity ."

Sauran Model - Gain Secondary

Na gaba Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi Allah wadai da masana'antar maganin batsa da kuma maganin jarabar jima'i "masu riba, galibi marasa tsari". Duk da haka, intanet tana ba da shafuka da yawa na murmurewa daga batsa kyauta. Kaɗan daga cikin dubban mutane a dandalin murmurewa daga batsa ta yanar gizo suna ganin masu ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali. Wataƙila yawancin waɗanda suka bayyana kansu a matsayin masu shan batsa, ko da kuwa alamunsu sun yi tsanani, ba sa neman, ko kashe kuɗi kaɗan a kan magani. Kaɗan daga cikinsu ne kawai suka je cibiyoyin magani, waɗanda suka ƙware wajen taimaka wa waɗanda ke da jarabar jima'i ko wasu halaye da/ko sinadarai masu yaɗuwa.

A kowane hali, ta yaya zafin kudin kulawa zai iya haifar da koyaswa ko a'a bidiyon jiki ne? Idan Ley et al. suna da damuwa game da yiwuwar nuna bambanci, suna iya amfani da karin lokaci don bincika kansu.

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun kuma yi jayayya cewa alaƙar addini ce ke haifar da "cututtukan da ake tsammanin" na jarabar batsa. Zaɓen kai-tsaye ya nuna cewa yawancin matasa a shafukan murmurewa na batsa ba addini ba ne. Misali, wannan zaɓen kai-tsaye na babban dandalin Turanci ya gano cewa kashi 20% ne kawai na waɗanda aka yi wa tambayoyi suka nemi su daina batsa saboda dalilai na addini.

Kuma idan harkar kudi ta zama matsala a cikin rikice-rikice na batsa, to, wane nau'i ne na masana'antun fina-finai masu ladabi da suke amfani da su don ci gaba da samar da kudaden ad (da sauransu)? Menene marubucin David Ley kansa, wanda zai iya zarge abokan ciniki ga ayyukansa na asibiti? Mene ne game da Ley yana amfani da littafinsa da Psychology A yau blog posts ƙaryata kasancewar batsa batsa? Mene ne game da Ley yana jin daɗin yin magana?

Ya kamata a lura cewa duka David Ley da Nicole Prause suna amfana daga musun jima'i da jarabar batsa. Misali, duka biyun yanzu suna ba da shaidar “gwani” akan kuɗin jarabar jima'i. Shafin liberos na Prause ya bayyana ayyukanta (shafi tun da aka cire - duba WayBack Machine).

"Maganin jima'i" yana ƙara amfani dashi a matsayin tsaro a cikin shari'a, amma yanayin kimiyyar shi mara kyau ne. Mun bayar da shaidar kwarewa don bayyana halin kimiyya a halin yanzu kuma mun kasance masu shawarwari na shari'a don taimakawa ƙungiyoyi su fahimci halin yanzu na kimiyya a wannan yanki don samun nasarar wakiltar abokin ciniki.

Ana ba da shawarwari na shari'a da shaida a kowane lokaci.

A ƙarshen wannan rubutun blog na Psychology Today Ley ya ce:

"Bayyanar sirri: David Ley ya bayar da shaida a shari'oin da suka shafi da'awar jima'i."

A ƙarshe, rashin hankali na Ley da abokan aikinsa, ko kuma sha'awar ɓata sunan waɗanda ke kula da masu shan muggan kwayoyi, ya sake bayyana lokacin da suka yi iƙirarin cewa 'R. Weiss' ya buga wata hujja ta addini a kan kallon batsa. Ainihin marubucin shine D. Weiss. Rob Weiss ƙwararren mai ilimin jima'i ne kuma marubucin littattafai da dama, ciki har da Cruise Control: Understanding Sex Addiction in Gay Men. Wannan kuskuren yana ɓata sunansa a tsakanin masu karatu da abokan ciniki.

Amfani da VSS da Sanarwar Lafiya ta Mental

A cikin wannan sashe Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi iƙirarin cewa babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa amfani da batsa yana haifar da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa, yana mai nuni da cewa duk wani irin wannan matsala dole ne ya faru kafin amfani da batsa. Babu shakka yanayin da ake ciki a da yana ƙara haɗarin wasu masu amfani da shi ga jaraba. Duk da haka masu ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali suna ƙara ganin wani nau'in jarabar batsa wanda ba ya dogara da yanayin da ake ciki a da.

Suna yi masa lakabi ta hanyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da " jarabar dama " da " jarabar zamani mai saurin farawa ." Ba kamar "jarabar jima'i" ta gargajiya ba, wannan nau'in jarabar batsa ce ta intanet kuma tana da alaƙa da fallasa ta farko ga abubuwan da ke motsa sha'awa ta hanyar intanet fiye da raunin da ke tattare da ita, wanda ƙila ba ya nan ko ba ya nan.

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi iƙirarin cewa ambato na 125 , " Bayyanawar Matasa ga Abubuwan Intanet Masu Bayyanar Jima'i da Sha'awar Jima'i: Nazarin Kwamitin Wave Uku" (2008) , shaida ce cewa ƙarancin gamsuwar rayuwa yana haifar da ƙaruwar amfani da batsa, ba akasin haka ba. Wannan, ba shakka, gaskiya ne ga wasu masu amfani, amma bari mu duba wasu daga cikin binciken da aka yi, waɗanda suka fi tayar da hankali. Masu binciken sun yi bincike kan matasa 'yan ƙasar Holland 962 sau uku a cikin shekara 1.

Karin Bayani: Yayin da matasa ke yawan amfani da SEIM [Sexually Exclusive Internet Material], yawan tunaninsu game da jima'i, yawan sha'awarsu ga jima'i ke ƙaruwa, kuma yawan sha'awarsu ga jima'i ke ƙaruwa saboda tunaninsu game da jima'i . …

Tashin hankali na jima'i sakamakon fallasawa ga SEIM na iya haifar da fahimtar abubuwan da suka shafi jima'i cikin ƙwaƙwalwa… kuma a ƙarshe zai iya haifar da damar fahimtar halayen jima'i na yau da kullun, ma'ana, yawan damuwa da jima'i.

Na gaba, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun bayyana cewa ko da lokacin da aka yi hasashen kaɗaici sosai ta hanyar amfani da intanet gabaɗaya, masu bincike sun kasa sarrafa yadda ya kamata don amfani da intanet gabaɗaya kuma sun danganta kaɗaici ga amfani da VSS [ 126 ] . Abin takaici, ci gaba da tsarin da ke zama sananne a cikin "Babu Tufafi," ambato 126 ba shi da alaƙa da amfani da batsa ta intanet: Duba " Lokacin da Abin da Kake Gani Ba Abin da Kake Samu Ba: Alamun Barasa, Gudanar da Barasa, Kuskuren Hasashen, da Dopamine na Dan Adam ." Abin takaici.

Ley da sauransu sun koma yin kuskuren fahimta . Wasu kuma sun kai ga irin wannan ƙarshe: "yawan yawan kamuwa da cuta a cikin samfurin da ke sama yana haifar da tambaya game da yadda za a iya magana game da jarabar jima'i ta Intanet a matsayin babbar matsala . Amsar da ta dace ( 127 ) ta fito ne daga " Sha'awar jima'i ta Intanet: Bita na bincike na gwaji ," wanda ba game da jarabar batsa ta intanet ba ne, amma jarabar jima'i da intanet ta sauƙaƙe. A kowane hali, bayanin ba "ƙammalawa" ba ne kwata-kwata. An yi shi ne dangane da bincike ɗaya kawai (Schwartz & Southern, 2000) na binciken da marubucin ya yi bita. Gaskiyar ƙarshen mai binciken shine:

Idan masu amfani da yanar gizo na cybersex suna da matukar damuwa ko rashin haɓaka saboda haɗin kai ga halayen jima'i a yanar-gizon, yana nuna ingancin lafiya don yin iƙirarin cewa yana shan wuya daga jima'i na jima'i.

Gaskiya yana da wahala a gudanar da karatun asali game da nau'ikan da ake aiwatarwa ta yanar gizo ta hanyar dubun dubatan samari (akasarinsu) waɗanda ke ba da batsa na intanet da ganin fa'idodi na lafiyar hankali (haɓaka hankali, rage tashin hankali da baƙin ciki, ƙara ƙarfin hali da kuma daukaka yanayi). Koyaya, masu bincike sun gudanar da nazarin alaƙa da yawa waɗanda ke nuna alaƙa tsakanin amfani da intanet na cuta da matsalolin kiwon lafiyar hankali. Baya ga yawancin karatun da muke tattaunawa musamman a nan, mun lissafa da bayyana ~ 30 nazarin da ya dace a ƙarshen wannan bayanin, dukansu suna nuna haɗarin lafiyar hankali, ko wasu haɗarin, masu alaƙa da amfani da batsa kuma babu ɗayan da ya sanya shi cikin Ley et al. sake dubawa.

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun fi dacewa su yi gaskiya cewa batsa ta intanet ba za ta iya haifar da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa ba, domin idan sun yi kuskure suna watsi da wata babbar damuwa ta lafiya wadda ke da yuwuwar zama ruwan dare a cikin 'yan asalin dijital na yau saboda amfani da batsa (na duniya a tsakanin maza, girma tsakanin mata). Ganin karuwar baƙin ciki da haɗarin kashe kai a cikin waɗanda ke ɓatar da lokaci mai yawa a kan layi, lafiyar masu amfani da batsa ta intanet na iya kasancewa cikin haɗari.

Amfani da VSS da Matsalar Kiwon Lafiyar Hauka - Anyi Amfani da VSS ta hanyar Jima'i

A nan Ley da abokan aikinsa sun bayyana ra'ayinsu na dabbobin gida cewa masu amfani da batsa suna da sha'awar jima'i fiye da sauran mutane kuma ba za a iya tsammanin za su yi ƙaiƙayi ba tare da taimakon batsa ta intanet ba. Bugu da ƙari, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun dage cewa ko ta yaya wannan yana nufin waɗannan mutanen da ke da sha'awar jima'i ba za su iya zama masu jaraba ba. An karyata wannan dabarar da ba ta dace ba a cikin "'Babban sha'awa', ko 'kawai' jaraba? Amsa ga Steele da abokan aikinsa.

Menene nazarin da suka gabatar don tallafawa ra'ayin da suke da shi?

122 " Masu yawan amfani da batsa. Nazarin cututtuka bisa ga yawan jama'a na samari maza 'yan Sweden "

Sharhi: Masu amfani da su akai-akai suna da ra'ayi mai kyau game da batsa, galibi ana "kunna" su kalli batsa kuma ana kallon nau'ikan batsa masu tasowa. Amfani akai-akai yana da alaƙa da halaye masu wahala da yawa. (an ƙara jaddadawa)

123 " Kallon hotunan batsa a Intanet: rawar da kimanta sha'awar jima'i ke takawa da kuma alamun tabin hankali da tabin hankali ke takawa wajen amfani da shafukan jima'i na Intanet fiye da kima "

Karin Bayani: Mun sami kyakkyawar alaƙa tsakanin sha'awar jima'i yayin kallon hotunan batsa na Intanet da matsalolin da aka ruwaito kansu a rayuwar yau da kullun saboda yawan cybersex kamar yadda IATsex ya auna.

129 " Ƙarfafawar da ba ta da tasiri tana daidaita LPP mai dorewa (1,000-2,000 ms) " - ambato mara mahimmanci. Babu wata alama da ke nuna cewa wannan binciken yana game da kallon batsa ko sha'awar jima'i.

130 “ Tasirin motsawar wutar lantarki kai tsaye ta hanyar transcranial direct current akan yanke shawara mai haɗari yana shiga tsakani ta hanyar yanke shawara mai zafi da 'sanyi', hali, da kuma hemisphere ” – Kuma, ambato mara ma'ana. Babu ambaton kallon batsa. Madadin haka, masu bincike sun yi amfani da "Aikin Katin Columbia" a matsayin kayan aikinsu.

81 - "Jima'i mara tsari da sha'awar jima'i mai yawa: siffofi daban-daban?" (2010)

Abin da aka ɗauko: Maza da mata da suka ba da rahoton neman magani sun sami maki mafi girma a ma'aunin rashin daidaiton jima'i da sha'awar jima'i.

Babu shakka, wannan ƙungiyar masu bincike, wanda masanin jinsin Kanada Jason Winters ya jagoranci, ya kamata a ambaci shi a matsayin na farko da ya fara yin nazari da 'yan jarida na ainihi da fom din cewa fasikancin jima'i ba su da wata illa, amma kawai mutane ne da ke dauke da libido. Abin farin ciki ne, amma ba wani mataki na gaba ba ga 'yan Adam.

52 " Sha'awar jima'i, ba yawan jima'i ba, tana da alaƙa da martanin jijiyoyi da hotunan jima'i ke haifarwa "

Wannan shine aikin rubuta kirkire-kirkire na Prause, wanda aka yi ta suka sosai . Sabanin ikirarinta a cikin manema labarai, binciken ya ba da rahoton ƙarin amsawar batsa da ke da alaƙa da ƙarancin sha'awar jima'i tare. Tare da waɗannan binciken Steele et al. guda biyu sun nuna ƙarin aikin kwakwalwa ga alamu (hotunan batsa), amma ƙarancin amsawa ga lada na halitta (jima'i da mutum). Wannan shine abin da ke haifar da hankali da rashin jin daɗi, wanda shine alamun jaraba. Takardu bakwai da aka yi wa bita na takwarorinsu sun bayyana gaskiya: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7. Duba kuma wannan babban sharhin YBOP. Wani misali na ɓatar da nassoshinsu.

Gaskiya: Akalla bincike mai inganci 25 ya karyata ikirarin Ley cewa amfani da batsa ko jarabar jima'i kawai "sha'awar jima'i ce mai yawa".

Amfani da VSS da Matsalar Kiwon Lafiyar Hauka - Anyi Amfani da VSS ta Neman Jin Dadin

Rashin iyawa na Ley da sauransu ya ci gaba. Suna da'awar cewa babban buƙata ko sha'awar jin daɗi yana hasashen yawan amfani da VSS, a cikin matasa da manya [ 12,133, 134 ] . Duk da haka ambato 133 ba shi da alaƙa da kallon batsa. Duba " Theta-Pertered, Mita-Modulated Priming Stimulation Yana Inganta Ƙananan Mita, Dama Prefrontal Cortex Maimaita Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) a cikin Bacin rai: Nazarin Randomized, Sham Controlled " Kuma ambato 134 ba ya : " Rashin daidaituwar endocannabinoid na gefe a cikin kiba: alaƙa da motsi na hanji da sarrafa makamashi wanda rashin abinci da sake ciyarwa ke haifarwa "

Da sun (ko masu bita) sun binciki ainihin wallafe-wallafen, da sun sami jarabar Cybersex: Jin daɗin jima'i lokacin kallon batsa ba tare da hulɗar jima'i ta rayuwa ba ya haifar da bambanci "(2013) , wanda aka tattauna a baya, wanda ya ce amsawar alama (shaidar canje-canjen kwakwalwa da suka shafi jaraba), ba "babban sha'awa ba," yana ƙara yawan amfani da batsa mai matsala:

Karin Bayani : Mummunan hulɗar jima'i ko rashin gamsuwa ba zai iya bayyana yadda jarabar intanet ke da alaƙa da jima'i ba.

Amfani da VSS da Matsalar Kiwan Sha'awa - Amfani da VSS A Matsayin Dokar Inganta Tasirin

A nan Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi jayayya cewa sarrafa motsin rai da batsa ko kuma shagaltar da kai da batsa abu ne na al'ada kuma yana da amfani kawai . Suna kwatanta batsa da zane-zanen barkwanci a matsayin hanyar inganta yanayi. Wajen gabatar da lamarinsu, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yi watsi da, ko kuma ba su fahimci muhimmancin, bincike daban-daban da suka saba wa imaninsu ba, kuma sun nuna cewa amfani da batsa ta intanet ba "kamar zane-zanen barkwanci" ba ne a cikin tasirinsa, ko halayen ɗaga yanayi:

Karin Bayani : Sakamakon ya nuna mummunan tasirin fallasa intanet a kan kyakkyawan yanayin 'masu jarabar intanet'. An ba da shawarar wannan tasirin a cikin samfuran ka'idoji na 'jarabar intanet [14] , [21] , kuma an lura da wani irin wannan binciken dangane da mummunan tasirin fallasa batsa ga masu jarabar jima'i ta intanet [5] , wanda zai iya nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin waɗannan jarabar. Hakanan yana da kyau a nuna cewa wannan mummunan tasirin akan yanayi za a iya ɗaukarsa kamar tasirin janyewa, wanda aka ba da shawarar kamar yadda ake buƙata don rarrabuwar jaraba 1 , [2] , [27] . …

Hakanan manyan masu amfani da intanet sun nuna ƙaƙƙarfan rashi cikin yanayi biyo bayan amfani da intanet idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan masu amfani da intanet. Rashin tasirin tasirin yanar gizo kai tsaye kan yanayin masu shaye-shaye na intanet na iya ba da gudummawa ga ƙaruwar amfani da waɗancan mutane da ke ƙoƙari don rage ƙanƙantar da hankalinsu ta hanyar sake shiga hanzari cikin amfani da intanet. …

An gano cewa fallasa ga abin da ke haifar da matsalolin yana rage yanayi [26] , musamman ga mutanen da suka kamu da batsa [5] , [27] . Ganin cewa waɗannan dalilai guda biyu (misali caca da batsa) don amfani da intanet suna da alaƙa sosai da matsalar amfani da intanet [2] , [3] , [14] , yana iya zama cewa waɗannan abubuwan na iya taimakawa ga jarabar intanet [14] . Hakika, an nuna cewa irin waɗannan mummunan tasirin shiga cikin matsalolin hali na iya, a cikin kansu, haifar da ƙarin shiga cikin waɗannan halayen masu matsala masu yuwuwar don yunƙurin guje wa waɗannan mummunan ji [28] . …

Ya kamata a lura cewa, kamar yadda manyan amfani guda biyu na intanet ga adadi mai yawa na masu amfani da intanet su ne samun damar yin amfani da batsa da caca [4] , [5] , kuma waɗannan ayyukan na ƙarshe a bayyane suke ƙarƙashin yanayin da zai iya zama jaraba , yana iya zama cewa duk wani sakamako da ya shafi 'jarabar intanet' a zahiri alamu ne na wasu nau'ikan jaraba (misali batsa ko caca). (an ƙara jaddadawa)

Karin Bayani : Wasu mutane suna ba da rahoton matsaloli yayin da kuma bayan yin jima'i ta intanet, kamar rashin barci da mantawa da alƙawura, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da mummunan sakamako na rayuwa. Wata hanyar da za ta iya haifar da irin waɗannan matsalolin ita ce sha'awar jima'i yayin jima'i ta Intanet na iya tsoma baki ga ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwar aiki (WM), wanda ke haifar da sakaci ga bayanan muhalli masu dacewa don haka yanke shawara mara kyau. …

Sakamako yana ba da gudummawa ga ra'ayin cewa alamun sha'awar jima'i saboda sarrafa hotunan batsa suna tsoma baki ga aikin WM. An tattauna sakamakon binciken game da jarabar jima'i ta Intanet saboda tsangwama ta WM ta hanyar alamun da suka shafi jaraba sananne ne daga dogaro da abubuwa. (an ƙara jaddadawa)

Abin da aka ƙara : Tashin hankali na jima'i ya daidaita alaƙar da ke tsakanin yanayin aiki da kuma aikin yanke shawara. Wannan binciken ya jaddada cewa tashin hankali na jima'i yana tsoma baki ga yanke shawara, wanda hakan na iya bayyana dalilin da yasa wasu mutane ke fuskantar mummunan sakamako a cikin mahallin amfani da yanar gizo. (an ƙara jaddadawa)

Amfani da VSS da Matsalar Kiwan Lafiya - Amfani da VSS da Ilimin Jima'i

A nan Ley da abokan aikinsa sun nuna cewa matsalolin batsa musamman abu ne na "masu luwaɗi da masu bisexual", kamar dai yanayin jima'i yana da alaƙa da wanzuwar ko rashin jaraba. Bugu da ƙari, muna mamakin ko kallon batsa har yanzu batun jima'i ne kawai a tsakanin mazan da ke zaune a dijital a yau. Wani bincike da aka gudanar kwanan nan a kan babban dandalin dawo da batsa na Turanci a yanar gizo ya nuna cewa kashi 94% na masu amfani da batsa maza ne, kuma kashi 5% na masu luwaɗi ne ko kuma maza ne. Tare da zuwan shirye-shiryen bidiyo kyauta da wayoyin komai da ruwanka na sirri, akwai shakku cewa matasa masu luwaɗi har yanzu suna baya ga sauran masu amfani da batsa na maza.

Koma dai mene ne, a wannan sashe Ley da abokan aikinsa sun faɗi daga rashin kulawa zuwa rashin ƙwarewa. Babu ɗaya daga cikin nazarce-nazarce shida da suka ambata da ke da alaƙa da maganganunsu. Wato:

Nazarin da aka yi kan yawan amfani da VSS a cikin samfuran da aka wakilta a ƙasa ya gano cewa yawan amfani da VSS ya fi yawa a cikin matasa da manya waɗanda suka gane cewa ba namiji ba ne [ 133 ], kamar yadda nazarin samfuran asibiti [143] ya yi.

Ambato 133 ba shi da alaƙa da VSS. Yana game da motsa maganadisu na transcranial da baƙin ciki . Ambato 143 ba shi da alaƙa da VSS. Yana game da birai: " Maganin maza a cikin macaques na Japan masu 'yanci. "

Gwaje-gwajen da aka yi kan ka'idojin rashin lafiyar jima'i ta DSM-5 sun gano cewa MSM ta fi sau uku saurin kamuwa da irin wannan yanayin magani, idan aka kwatanta da yawan MSM a cikin irin wannan yanayin shan muggan kwayoyi ko wuraren kula da lafiyar kwakwalwa [ 144 ].

Ambato na 144 ba shi da alaƙa da bayanin da ke sama. Yana da " Rashin barci: Tasiri ga matakan barci da yawan ƙarfin EEG a cikin mutum"

Ƙara amfani da VSS a cikin waɗannan al'ummomi na iya nuna dabarun daidaitawa. MSM na iya neman bayanai da abubuwan ƙarfafawa daidai da yanayin jima'insu. Wannan na iya nuna wani ɓangare na gama gari na 'tsarin fitowa' na ƙirƙirar asalin jima'i mai ɗorewa [ 145 ].

Ambato na 145 ba shi da alaƙa da bayanin da ke sama. " Rage cin abinci da kuma yawan cin abinci: nazarin dalilai "

Nazarin da aka yi nazari kan amfani da VSS a cikin MSM ya gano cewa waɗannan mazan sun amince da waɗannan fa'idodi masu kyau daga amfani da VSS [ 146 ]

Ambato na 146 ba shi da alaƙa da mazan da ke yin jima'i da maza. Yana da kimanin shekaru 12 da 13. " Haɗarin jima'i da ake ɗauka a lokacin samartaka: rawar da ake takawa wajen daidaita kai da kuma jawo hankalin mutane ga haɗari "

Amfani da VSS da Matsalar Kiwon Lafiyar Hauka - impulsivity

Amfani da VSS da Matsalar Kiwon Lafiyar Hauka - ularfafawa

Zamuyi magana da wadannan bangarorin akan 'impulsivity' da 'compulsivity' tare saboda suna cikin tsari daya. Ley et al. nemi sake sanya mutane cikin matsala ta amfani da batsa a matsayin suna da “halaye” da ba za a iya canzawa ba sabanin abin da ke tattare da ilmin ilmin lissafi sakamakon huldarsu da muhallinsu (buri).

Hakika, wasu mutane sun fi wasu saurin fushi. Rashin sha'awa ta asali wani abu ne da ke haifar da haɗarin kamuwa da jaraba. Amma Ley da sauransu sun nuna cewa kasancewar ƙaruwar sha'awa a ɓoye yana hana jaraba. Wannan ba daidai ba ne; sha'awa tana ƙara damar yin jaraba.

Wani ɓangare na shirinsu shine raba sha'awa da tilastawa. Ba sa son na biyun saboda an yi amfani da shi tare da jaraba. Dangane da ɗabi'ar tilastawa, burin Ley da sauransu shine sake sanya shi a matsayin "babban sha'awa." Ƙarin bayani game da hakan nan da nan.

Bari mu ga abin da kimiyya da aka kafa ta ce game da kalmomin 'impulsivity' da 'compulsivity'. Mai zuwa ya fito ne daga " Probing Tilastawa da Halayen Motsa Jiki, daga Samfuran Dabbobi zuwa Endophenotypes: A Narrative Review ":

Karin Bayani: Ana iya fassara rashin sha'awa a matsayin 'halayyar da ke tattare da saurin amsawa ga abubuwan da ke haifar da damuwa na ciki ko na waje tare da raguwar mummunan sakamakon waɗannan halayen.'

Sabanin haka, tilastawa yana wakiltar halin yin ayyuka masu maimaitawa marasa daɗi ta hanyar da aka saba ko kuma ta hanyar da aka saba da ita don hana mummunan sakamako da ake gani, wanda ke haifar da rashin aiki. (an ƙara jaddadawa)

A tarihi, ana kallon 'impulsivity' da 'compulsivity' a matsayin masu adawa da juna, tare da impulsivity yana da alaƙa da neman haɗari da tilastawa tare da guje wa cutarwa. Duk da haka, ana ƙara gane su a matsayin masu alaƙa da ilimin halitta. Wato, suna da hanyoyin neuropsychological da suka haɗa da hana tunani da halaye marasa aiki. (" Sabbin ci gaba a cikin ilimin neurocognition na ɗan adam: asibiti, genetic, da kwakwalwa imaging correlates of impulsivity and compulsivity ")

Don haka, idan wani ya kamu da jaraba, ana yarda (ta hanyar ƙwararru) cewa sha'awarsa da tilastawarsa sun ƙaru ta hanyar canje-canjen kwakwalwa da suka shafi jaraba. Me yasa? An nuna cewa jaraba tana canza cortex na gaba da striatum wanda ke haifar da rashin aiki. Duk sha'awarsa da tilastawarsa suna faruwa ne ta hanyar da'irorin jijiyoyi na cortico-striatal marasa aiki . Duba " Gwajin Halayen Tilastawa da Sha'awa, daga Samfuran Dabbobi zuwa Endophenotypes: Bita na Labari "

Karin Bayani : Matsalolin da ke haifar da sha'awa da tilastawa suna da bambanci sosai, suna raba fannoni na sha'awa da tilastawa, kuma suna ƙara zama masu rikitarwa don haka suna da wahalar rabuwa da juna akan lokaci. Misali, ga cututtukan da ke haifar da sha'awa da jaraba, haƙuri ga lada na iya tasowa kuma halayen na iya ci gaba da kasancewa a matsayin hanyar rage rashin jin daɗi (watau, suna ƙara zama masu tilastawa).

Hakika, a cikin nazarin dabbobi, ƙananan masu karɓar dopamine D2, waɗanda jaraba ke haifarwa , suna da alaƙa da sha'awa. (" Ƙarancin masu karɓar dopamine na D2 suna da alaƙa da metabolism na gaba a cikin mutane masu kiba: Abubuwan da za su iya ba da gudummawa ") Bugu da ƙari, an tabbatar da dalili a cikin masu shan jaraba na dabbobi da na ɗan adam. A wata ma'anar, jaraba na iya haifar da sha'awar da Ley et al. suka fi so su yi imani da ita kawai siffa ce mai tsayayye, ba tare da la'akari da jaraba ba.

Don bayyana duk wannan ta wata hanya, yayin da ake iya nazarin 'impulsivity' da 'compulsivity' daban-daban, suna rayuwa tare lokacin da mutum ke da jaraba. A wata ma'anar, binciken ya koma akasin rabon impulsivity-compulsivity wanda Ley da abokan aikinsa ke yi. A gaskiya ma, DSM kwanan nan ta canza caca ta hanyar cututtuka daga "Impulse-Control Disorder" zuwa "Improve Sixty" daidai saboda binciken yana nuna cewa jaraba ce, ba batun impulsivity ba. " Addiction, Disease of Turpulsion and Drive: Involvement of the Orbitofrontal Cortex " ya bayyana samfurin jaraba na yanzu, wanda:

yana kira duka sani (damuwa, ɓacewar kulawa, damuwar miyagun ƙwayoyi) da kuma matakai ba tare da kullun ba (tsammanin fata, compulsivity, impulsivity, obsessiveness) wanda zai haifar da mummunan aiki na sashen striato-thalamo-orbitofrontal.

Abin sha'awa, ambaton ( 147 ) Ley et al. don matsayinsu mara tabbas ya saba wa su. Masu binciken sun kammala da cewa amfani da batsa ta intanet (IP) mai matsala "matsala ce ta jaraba" kuma halin "rashin sha'awa bai bayyana a matsayin muhimmin abu da ke bambanta masu amfani da IP daga masu amfani da matsala ko masu amfani da IP daga waɗanda ba sa amfani da su."

Ambato 149 ya binciki rashin hankalin marasa lafiya da ke da halayen jima'i na tilas, kuma sakamakon hoton kwakwalwarsu bai yi daidai da matsalolin sarrafa sha'awa ba. Ambato 150 ya je wani bincike da ba a buga ba ta Prause da kanta, "Shaidar jijiyoyi na rashin amsawa ga abubuwan da ke haifar da jima'i a cikin waɗanda ke ba da rahoton matsalolin da ke tsara kallonsu na abubuwan da ke haifar da sha'awa na jima'i." Shin za mu iya zama farkon wanda ya annabta cewa, sake, za ta yi iƙirarin cewa sakamakon ya musanta jarabar batsa ba tare da la'akari da bayanai ko lahani a cikin ƙirar binciken ba? (lura - ba a taɓa buga binciken Prause ba)

Yana da mahimmanci kar a bari ra'ayoyi masu rauni game da "halaye," ko bincike-binciken da aka tsara, suyi laka da ruwa, saboda yawancin kwakwalwar da ke haɗuwa da jaraba ana iya canzawa. Shaye-shaye na iya sake karatun 'son' lafiya, wanda ke nufin an basu ikon canza yanayin su. Zasu iya koya don canza zaɓin da suka yi game da yadda suke hulɗa da yanayin su.

Kalmomi kaɗan game da 'tilastawa' kamar yadda Ley et al. suka gani: Suna musanta "samfurin tilastawa," maimakon haka suna haɓaka ra'ayin cewa amfani da batsa na tilas shaida ce ta "babban sha'awa." Ta wannan ma'anar, masu shan giya za su sami "babban sha'awa" ga barasa, kuma masu shan taba masu jaraba za su sami "babban sha'awa" ga nicotine. An ƙalubalanci wannan hasashe a cikin wani sharhin mujallar da aka yi nazari a kai, "' Babban sha'awa', ko 'kawai' jaraba? Amsa ga Steele et al . " Bugu da ƙari, da kuma musanta batun magana mara tallafi cewa "babban sha'awa" yana bayyana jarabar batsa ko jima'i: Akalla bincike 25 sun ƙaryata da'awar cewa masu shan jima'i da batsa "suna da babban sha'awa"

Duba kuma nazarin da muka ambata a sama a cikin sashin mai taken, " Sakamakon Mummunan Amfani da VSS Mai Yawa - Rashin Hana Amfani da VSS."

Kammalawa

Ley da abokan aikinsa sun yaba da fa'idodin lafiyar batsa domin yana sauƙaƙa inzali. Duk da haka, ɗan adam yana yin inzali na dogon lokaci ba tare da wani taimako daga batsa ta intanet ba. Mafi mahimmanci, inzali yana da ƙarancin amfani idan ana yin inzali fiye da idan ana yin jima'i tare , don haka amfani da batsa mai matsala na iya hana fa'idodi masu yuwuwa.

Ley da abokansa sun ba da shawarar cewa matasa masu kallon batsa na iya komawa ga batsa mafi muni idan ba su da abokan hulɗa da za su yi hulɗa da su a cikin halayen haɗarin jima'i. Duk waɗannan ambato na goyon baya sun nuna cewa ƙaramin mutum yana fuskantar batsa, da yuwuwar zai ci gaba da yin batsa ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. Ambato na 153 ya gano cewa fallasa ga abubuwan da ke bayyana jima'i da wuri abu ne mai haɗari ga ɗaukar haɗarin jima'i, kuma, kamar yadda aka tattauna a baya. 154 ya gano cewa ƙananan yara sun fara kallon batsa da yuwuwar kallon lalata da dabba ko batsa da yara.

Ley et al. Har ila yau, nuna fa'idodin al'aura zuwa batsa a matsayin wata hanya ta rage haɗarin haɗuwa da halayen jima'i, kamar dai babu wanda ke da zaɓi na jin daɗin kansa maimakon yin aiki kafin batsa ta intanet! Nan gaba sun yi gargadin cewa akwai hadari a “lakafta VSS a matsayin kawai jaraba.” (Wanene ya lakafta shi a matsayin "kawai jaraba?")

Har ma sun kai ga yin kira ga amfani da batsa a matsayin "sake horar da hankali" suna ambaton ( 155 ) " Horar da kwakwalwa: wasanni don yi muku alheri !" Batsa na yau hakika horar da kwakwalwa ce ga wasu masu amfani, da yawa daga cikinsu suna ba da rahoton mummunan "sake horarwa," kamar rashin sha'awar abokan hulɗa na gaske, rashin daidaiton jima'i da kuma canza sha'awar jima'i wanda ke ƙaruwa zuwa abu mara dacewa da yanayin jima'i na asali.

Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa wata ƙungiyar Jamus ta gano kwanan nan cewa amfani da batsa na iya rage wani ɓangare na kwakwalwa wanda ya zama kamar yana ƙara girma da ƙarfi a cikin masu wasan bidiyo. Kallon batsa aiki ne kamar aljanu wanda ke amfani da ƙarancin ƙwarewar wasan bidiyo. Shin hakan zai iya zama sanadin wannan rashin kyawun gani?

Ley et al. suna da'awar cewa manufar jarabar batsa ta hannun duhu ne na “ikon da ba shi da ƙarfi.” Wannan abin birgewa ne, kasancewar sun bar babbar hujja wacce ke rage ra'ayoyinsu, kuma suka nuna karfinta suka dauki abin da ke tallafawa ajandarsu daga karatu daban-daban, tare da yin watsi da ainihin sakamakon.

Nan gaba sun tabbatar mana da cewa shaharar kalmar '' jarabar batsa '' a cikin kafofin watsa labarai kawai saboda rashin sani ne mai yaɗuwa. A zahiri, jama'a sun bayyana suna gaba da waɗannan masana ilimin jima'i a cikin fahimtar su cewa jarabar gaske ne, yanayin ilimin halitta. Ley et al. Har ila yau, yana da alama ba ya so ya yi la'akari da yiwuwar ƙara fahimtar kalmar nan 'jaraba' na iya, a gaskiya, ya zama shaidar cewa yawancin mutane suna fuskantar jaraba da lalata jima'i ta hanyar batsa.

Da yake kan hanyarsa ta zuwa ƙarshen layin, Ley da abokan aikinsa sun nuna cewa damuwa game da jarabar batsa wata hanya ce ta hukunce-hukuncen ɗabi'a da aka tsara don danne faɗar jima'i da kuma nuna wa tsirarun mata wariya. A gaskiya ma, yayin da ra'ayin jarabar batsa ya samu karbuwa, damuwar ɗabi'a game da amfani da batsa, danne faɗar jima'i da kuma nuna wa tsirarun mata wariya duk suna raguwa sosai. Wataƙila idan Ley da abokan aikinsa suka binciki wannan alaƙar za su kawo ra'ayoyinsu kan jarabar batsa ta intanet cikin daidaito da tunanin kimiyya na yanzu.

Sabuntawa: Bayyanai na Gaskiya, Rikicin Ban sha'awa, Haɗin masana'antar batsa, Laifi / ssarfin

Babban Editan Rahoton Lafiyar Jima'i na Yanzu , Michael A. Perelman da Editan Sashen Takaddama na Yanzu Charles Moser sun haɗu da Ley da Prause don "kawar da" jarabar batsa. A taron ƙungiyar ƙasa da ƙasa don nazarin lafiyar jima'i ta mata na watan Fabrairun 2015, Ley, Prause, Moser da Perelman sun gabatar da wani taron tattaunawa na tsawon sa'o'i 2: "Sha'awar Batsa, Sha'awar Jima'i, ko wani OCD kawai ?". A watan Nuwamba, 2015 a taron shekara-shekara na SMSNA . Michael A. Perelman ya jagoranci gabatarwar Nicole Prause - " Sha'awar Batsa ta Intanet: Cutarwa ga Maza da Hulɗa ?". Kada mu manta cewa editan Ley da abokan aikinsa, Charles Moser, ya daɗe yana sukar batsa da jarabar jima'i. Kuma ku sani cewa Rahoton Lafiyar Jima'i na Yanzu yana da ɗan gajeren tarihi. Ya fara bugawa a 2004, sannan ya dakatar a 2008, amma aka tashe shi a 2014, daidai lokacin da za a nuna Ley da abokan aikinsa.

Masana'antar batsa tana biyan kuɗi. A cikin wani rikicin kuɗi mai ban mamaki, ana biyan David Ley diyya ta hanyar babban kamfanin masana'antar batsa X-hamster don tallata gidajen yanar gizon su da kuma shawo kan masu amfani da su cewa jarabar batsa da jarabar jima'i tatsuniya ne! Musamman ma, David Ley da sabuwar ƙungiyar Lafiyar Jima'i (SHA) sun haɗu da gidan yanar gizon X-Hamster (Strip-Chat). Duba "Stripchat ya haɗu da ƙungiyar Lafiyar Jima'i don ya motsa kwakwalwarka mai cike da damuwa game da batsa ":

Sabuwar kwamitin ba da shawara kan lafiyar jima'i (SHA) ya haɗa da David Ley da wasu ƙwararrun masana kimiyyar jima'i guda biyu (Justin Lehmiller & Chris Donahue). RealYBOP ƙungiya ce ta masu goyon bayan batsa a fili , waɗanda suka kira kansu "ƙwararru" waɗanda Nicole Prause ke jagoranta . Wannan rukunin a halin yanzu yana cikin keta haƙƙin alamar kasuwanci da kuma tsugunar da kai ga halaltacciyar YBOP. A taƙaice, waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin hana YBOP yin magana ana biyan su daga masana'antar batsa don tallata kasuwancinsu, da kuma tabbatar wa masu amfani cewa shafukan batsa da kyamara ba sa haifar da matsala (lura: Nicole Prause tana da kusanci da jama'a ga masana'antar batsa kamar yadda aka rubuta sosai a wannan shafin ).

A cikin wannan labarin , Ley ya yi watsi da tallan da ya yi wa masana'antar batsa:

Hakika, ƙwararrun likitocin jima'i da ke haɗin gwiwa kai tsaye da dandamalin batsa na kasuwanci suna fuskantar wasu ƙalubale, musamman ga waɗanda ke son gabatar da kansu a matsayin marasa son kai. "Ina tsammanin [masu fafutukar yaƙi da batsa] za su yi ihu, 'Kai, duba, gani, David Ley yana aiki don batsa,'" in ji Ley, wanda ake yawan ambaton sunansa da raini a cikin al'ummomin hana al'aura kamar NoFap.

Amma ko da aikinsa tare da Stripchat babu shakka zai samar da abinci ga duk wanda ke ɗokin rubuta shi a matsayin son kai ko kuma a aljihun ɗakin batsa, don Ley, cewa cinikin ciniki ya cancanci hakan. "Idan muna son taimakawa [masu sayen batsa], dole ne mu je wurinsu," in ji shi. "Kuma wannan shi ne yadda muke yin hakan."

Shin kai mai son zuciya ne? Ley ya tunatar da mu shahararrun likitocin taba , da kuma ƙungiyar kula da lafiyar jima'i, wato Cibiyar Taba.

Bugu da ƙari, ana biyan David Ley don ya musanta jarabar batsa da jima'i. A ƙarshen wannan rubutun blog na Psychology Today Ley ya ce:

"Bayyanar sirri: David Ley ya bayar da shaida a shari'oin da suka shafi da'awar jima'i."

A shekarar 2019, sabon gidan yanar gizon David Ley ya bayar da ayyukansa na "rangwame" masu kyau :

David J. Ley, Ph.D., masanin halayyar ɗan adam ne kuma mai ba da izini na mai kulawa da ilimin jima'i, wanda aka kafa a Albuquerque, NM. Ya ba da ƙwararren mashaidi da shaidar zur a cikin shari'oi da yawa a kusa da Amurka. Dokta Ley ana ɗaukarsa ƙwararren masani game da ɓatar da ikirarin jarabar jima'i, kuma an ba shi ƙwararren masani kan wannan batun. Ya bayar da shaida a kotunan jihar da na tarayya.

Tuntuɓi shi don samun jadawalin kuɗin kuɗinku kuma shirya alƙawari don tattauna sha'awa.

Ley kuma yana cin riba daga sayar da littattafai guda biyu da ke musanta jarabar jima'i da batsa (" Labarin Jima'i na Jima'i ," 2012 da " Labarin Batsa na Ɗabi'a ga Dicks, " 2016). Pornhub (wanda babban kamfanin batsa na MindGeek ya mallaka) yana ɗaya daga cikin goyon baya guda biyar da aka jera a baya don littafin Ley na 2016 game da batsa:

Lura: PornHub shine asusun Twitter na biyu da ya sake wallafa sakon farko na RealYBOP wanda ke sanar da gidan yanar gizon "ƙwararre", yana nuna cewa an yi aiki tare tsakanin PornHub da ƙwararrun RealYBOP . Kai!

A ƙarshe, David Ley yana samun kuɗi ta hanyar tarurrukan CEU , inda yake tallata akidar masu musanta jaraba da aka bayyana a cikin littattafansa guda biyu (wanda ba ya yin watsi da ɗaruruwan bincike da mahimmancin sabon binciken Cutar Halayyar Jima'i ta Tilas a cikin littafin bincike na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya). An rama Ley saboda jawabansa da yawa waɗanda ke nuna ra'ayoyinsa na son zuciya game da batsa. A cikin wannan gabatarwar ta 2019, Ley ya bayyana yana goyon baya da haɓaka amfani da batsa na matasa: Haɓaka Kyakkyawan Jima'i da Amfani da Batsa Mai Alhaki a Matasa.

Bayanin Nicole Prause : Da farko, abin mamaki ne ga wani mai bincike mai gaskiya ya yi iƙirarin cewa bincikensu na rashin hankali ya karyata wani zato da aka goyi bayansa da yawa daga cikin nazarin jijiyoyi da kuma shekaru da dama na bincike mai dacewa . Bugu da ƙari, wane mai bincike mai gaskiya zai ci gaba da yin rubutu a shafin Twitter cewa takardar su ɗaya ta karyata jarabar batsa? Wane mai bincike mai gaskiya zai kai hari ga samari waɗanda ke gudanar da dandalin tattaunawa kan batsa? Wane mai bincike mai gaskiya na jima'i zai yi yaƙi da ƙa'idar 60 (kwaroron roba a cikin batsa) ? Wane mai bincike mai gaskiya na jima'i zai ɗauki hotonta (daga dama) a kan jajayen kafet na bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na X-Rated Critics Organization (XRCO), tare da taurarin batsa & masu samarwa? (A cewar Wikipedia, XRCO Awards ana ba da su ne ta Ƙungiyar Masu Sukar X-Rated ta Amurka kowace shekara ga mutanen da ke aiki a nishaɗin manya kuma ita ce kawai kyautar masana'antar manya da aka keɓe musamman ga membobin masana'antu . [1] ) Don ƙarin takardu game da dangantakar da ke tsakanin Prause da masana'antar batsa, duba: Shin Masana'antar Batsa Ta Shafar Nicole Prause?.

Me ke faruwa a nan? Quite kadan kamar yadda wannan shafin yana ba da bayanan ƙarshen dutsen kankara game da hargitsi da lalata yanar gizo na Prause na duk wanda ya nuna batsa zai iya haifar da matsala. Ta hanyar shiga kanta, ta ƙi yarda da buri na batsa. Alal misali, ƙira daga wannan kwanan nan Martin Daubney labarin game da jima'i / batsa kariya:

Dr. Nicole Prause, babban mai bincike a Dakin Gwaji na Jima'i da Ilimin Jiki (Span) da ke Los Angeles, ta kira kanta "ƙwararriyar mai karyata jarabar jima'i".

Bugu da ƙari, tsohon taken Twitter na Nicole Prause ya nuna cewa tana iya rasa rashin son kai da ake buƙata don binciken kimiyya:

"Nazarin dalilin da yasa mutane suka zaɓi shiga cikin halayen jima'i ba tare da yin amfani da jaraba ba"

Sabuntawa akan taken twitter na Nicole Prause:

  1. UCLA ba ta sabunta kwangilar Prause ba. Ba ta shiga wata jami’a ba tun farkon 2015.
  2. A watan Oktoba, 2015 An dakatar da asusun ajiyar bankin Twitter na Prause na asali har abada saboda tursasawa.

Duk da cewa labarai da yawa suna ci gaba da bayyana Prause a matsayin mai bincike a UCLA, ba a taɓa ɗaukarta aiki a kowace jami'a ba tun farkon 2015. A ƙarshe, yana da mahimmanci a san cewa Prause mai himma ta bayar (da kuɗi) shaidar "ƙwararriyar" ta game da jarabar jima'i da jarabar batsa. Da alama Prause tana ƙoƙarin sayar da ayyukanta don cin gajiyar ƙarshen bincikenta na EEG guda biyu ( 1 , 2 ), kodayake nazarin 17 da aka yi wa takwarorinta sun ce duka nazarin suna goyon bayan samfurin jaraba!

Abubuwan da ke sama sune kangarin Prause and Ley iceberg.

Hotuna na hotuna da ke nuna alamun illa, wanda mawallafa suka manta da su, kuma ba a ambaci su a sama ba

  1. Shafin yanar gizo na batsa yana amfani da shi: fassarar rikice-rikice masu yawa game da abubuwan da ke da amfani da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi psychosocial (2009) binciken da aka ba da shawara ya nuna cewa matasan Girkanci wanda aka fallasa su a cikin littattafan jima'i na iya haifar da "dabi'un da ba daidai ba game da jima'i da kuma zalunci game da dangantaka". Bayanan sun nuna wata dangantaka mai mahimmanci tsakanin amfani da batsa na Intanit da zamantakewar zamantakewa. Musamman ma, yaran da suka nuna rashin amfani da batsa ba su da sau biyu suna da matsalolin al'amura kamar wadanda ba su cinye batsa ba. Har ila yau, yawan masu amfani da su sun fi dacewa su nuna matsalolin halayen halayen da suka shafi cin zarafin yanar gizo
  2. 'Yan yara' Bayyanawa ga abubuwan da ke Intanet da Maɗaukaki na Abubuwan Tunawa da Harkokin Jima'i: Abubuwan Da Suka shafi Jima'i: Tattaunawa da Hanyar Cutar da Ƙaddara (2009) Peter da Valkenburg (2009) sun ƙaddara cewa kallon mata a matsayin jima'i yana da alaka da ƙãrawar mita a cikin amfani da kayan aiki na jima'i. Babu tabbacin yadda yarinyar mata ke fuskantar tasiri ta hanyar kallon wasu mata, kuma yiwuwar kansu, kamar jima'i. A takaice dai, wadannan binciken sun nuna cewa "samari na matasa" zuwa SEIM shine mawuyacin hali ne kuma sakamakon abin da suka gaskata cewa mata suna da jima'i.
  3. 'Yan yara' Bayyanawa ga Jirgin Intanit na Intanit, Abubuwan Tunawa da Jima'i, da Harkokin Abubuwan Tsibirin Gudanar da Jima'i: Shin akwai Link? (2008) Ana nunawa daga samfurin 2,343 Dutch masu tsufa a cikin 13 zuwa 20, mawallafa sun gano cewa mafi yawan shafukan yanar-gizon da ke tattare da jima'i yana haɗuwa da mafi yawan rashin fahimtar jima'i da kuma kyakkyawar dabi'un da ke tattare da binciken jima'i (watau, dangantakar jima'i tare da abokan hulɗa / abokai ko tare da masu jima'i a dare ɗaya)
  4. Ƙarami 'Amfani da Hanyoyin Intanit Hoto da Jima'i: Matsayin Gudanarwa da Jinsi (2010) Yayinda matasa suka yi amfani da SEIM akai-akai, rashin fahimtar jima'i ya ƙaru. Haka ma gaskiya ga maza da mata; batsa yana rikicewa ga kowa. Yayinda matasa suka yi amfani da SEIM akai-akai, sun kasance da karfi a cikin kayan. An ƙaddamar da shiga a matsayi mai mahimmanci a lokacin liyafar abun cikin kafofin watsa labaru kuma ya ƙunshi dukkanin matakan da za a iya amfani da su da kuma fahimta. Kada ku lura da kewaye, ku mayar da hankali sosai.
  5. 'Yara' 'Bayyanawa ga Harkokin Watsa Labaru na' Yan Jarida da Magana game da Mata a matsayin Abubuwan Ciki (2007) Matasa maza da mata na Yaren mutanen Holland (13-18) waɗanda suka yi amfani da ƙarin abubuwan da ke cikin jima'i na iya kallon mata kamar kayan jima'i.
  6. Associungiyoyi tsakanin samari da yin amfani da abubuwan da ke bayyane na jima'i da sha'awar jima'i, halaye, da gamsuwa. (2011) Mafi yawan lokutan amfani da SEM suna da alaƙa da ƙarancin jima'i da dangantaka gamsuwa. Yawan amfani da SEM da yawan nau'ikan SEM da aka gani duka suna da alaƙa da fifiko mafi girma na jima'i don nau'ikan ayyukan jima'i da aka saba gabatarwa a cikin SEM. Wadannan binciken sun nuna cewa amfani da SEM na iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a fannoni daban-daban na matakan ci gaban jima'i na samari.
  7. Harkokin Harkokin Harkokin Harkokin Harkokin Harkokin Jiki da Harkokin Jima'i (2010) Hunter et al. (2010) yayi nazarin alaƙar da ke tsakanin hotuna zuwa hotunan batsa tun kafin shekaru 13 da ɗabi'un halaye huɗu. Wannan binciken ya binciki samari matasa 256 da ke da tarihin lalata halayen mata; marubutan sun sami alaƙa tsakanin haɗuwa da wuri zuwa batsa da halayyar zamantakewar jama'a, mai yiwuwa sakamakon mummunan ra'ayi game da jima'i da ɗaukaka lalata (Hunter et al., 2010). Hunter et al. (2010) ya sami fitowar yara ga abubuwan da ke bayyane na jima'i na iya taimakawa “ga hamayya da halayyar psychopathic, wataƙila zane ne na gurɓatattun ra'ayoyi game da jima'i na mutum da ɗaukaka lalata” (shafi 146) Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan marubutan sun yi iƙirarin cewa saboda samari ba koyaushe suke da zarafin daidaitawa ba game da ainihin abubuwan da ke faruwa tare da abokan jima'i. . .. musamman masu saukin kamuwa da gurbataccen hotunan batsa na lalata da mutane kuma suna iya aiki da hakan ”(shafi na 147)
  8. Hotuna na batsa a kan rayuwar rayuwa da kuma tsananin laifin cin zarafin jima'i: Ayyukan kwaikwayo da kuma cututtuka (2011) Sakamakon ya nuna cewa yawancin yara yana da mahimmin hangen nesa game da tayar da tashin hankalin-hakan ya kara yawan tursasawa.
  9. Abubuwan da suka shafi jima'i: muhimmancin damar yanar-gizon da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi jima'i (2008) A cikin shekarun 12 zuwa 17, maza da intanet sun nuna yawancin shekaru masu girma da yawa don jima'i na farko, kuma maza da mata sun ruwaito 'yan shekaru masu tsufa na farko da aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba tare da shi ba. Abubuwan da suka shafi jima'i: muhimmancin damar yanar-gizon da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi jima'i.
  10. Hanyoyin Halayyar Jima'i da Jima'i na Yara da ke Yara Ne Shin Matsa? (2013) Yawancin ɗalibai masu karatun jami'a suna shiga cikin al'amuran jima'i na al'aura da batsa da yawa suna ƙara yawan rahoto.
  11. Kunno kai a cikin Duniyar Dijital: Nazarin Goma na Amfani da Media, Tasiri, da Jin daɗi a cikin Balagaggiyar Samuwa. (2013) Fiye da ɗalibai ɗalibai na jami'ar yanar gizo suna amfani da mummunan halayen dangantakar su.
  12. Hanyoyin batsa na intanit a tsakanin yara da matasa a bincike na kasa (2005) Wadanda ke bayar da rahoton yadda aka nuna hotuna, ba tare da la'akari da tushe ba, suna da mafi kusantar bayar da rahoto game da lalata da kuma amfani da kayan abu a cikin shekara ta baya. Bugu da ari, masu neman layi ta yanar gizo tare da masu neman layi na sama suna iya bayar da rahoton abubuwan da suka shafi asibiti da ke ciki da ƙananan matakan haɗin kai tare da mai kula da su.
  13. Nunawa zuwa Intanit Hoto da Tsarin Yammacin Taiwan Halin Jima'i da Zama (2005) Wannan binciken ya nuna cewa yadawa ga abubuwan da ke tattare da jima'i ya kara ƙaruwa cewa matasa zasu yarda kuma su shiga cikin halayyar halayyar jima'i. Tabbatar da cewa ɗaukan hotuna ga abubuwan da ke cikin layi na Intanet yana da tasiri sosai kan halayyar halayyar halayyar kai tsaye fiye da sauran nau'in batsa na batsa.
  14. Bayyanawa ga shafukan intanet da kuma lalatawa na yara (2009) Binciken Braun-Courville da Rojas (2009) na matasa na 433 sun nuna cewa wadanda ke yin amfani da jima'i ba zasu iya shiga halayen halayen jima'i irin su jima'i mai jima'i, jima'i tare da abokan tarayya, da yin amfani da kwayoyi ko barasa a lokacin jima'i. Wannan binciken ya goyi bayan Brown, Keller, da Stern (2009) wanda ya nuna cewa matasa masu shaida halayen halayen halayen halayen jima'i a cikin rashin ilimi a kan mummunan sakamakon da zai iya haifar da su, halayen jima'i da kansu.
  15. Masu amfani da batsa masu yawa. Nazarin nazari na nazarin annoba na mutanen Sweden maza da mata (2010) Rikici na sharudda ya nuna cewa masu amfani da batsa masu yawa suna iya zama a babban birni, suna shan barasa fiye da lokaci, suna son sha'awar jima'i kuma suna sayar da su fiye da sauran yara. Za a iya ganin yawancin fina-finai na batsa a matsayin hali mai matsala wanda ya bukaci karin hankali daga iyaye da malaman
  16. Intanit Intanit da Loneliness: Wani Ƙungiya? Amfani da yin amfani da hotuna yana haɗuwa da haɓaka da yawa.
  17. Maturorin tunani- da kuma lafiyar jiki da kuma yadda ake amfani da su ta hanyar jima'i Wannan bincike na 2006 na Ma'aikata na 559 Seattle ya gano cewa masu amfani da batsa, idan aka kwatanta da wadanda ba su kula da su ba, rahoton mafi yawan cututtuka, rashin lafiyar rayuwa, karin hankali da na jiki-sun rage kwanakin, da kuma rashin lafiya. Maturorin tunani- da kuma lafiyar jiki da kuma yadda ake amfani da su ta hanyar jima'i.
  18. Mahimmancin ƙaddamar da aiki yana ƙaddamar da tasiri na ladaran sakamako game da hadarin kudi Yin amfani da hotuna yana daidaita tare da ƙara yawan haɗarin kudi.
  19. Hotuna da dabi'un da ke taimaka wa mata mata: sake dawowa da dangantaka a cikin binciken ba tare da wani abu ba (2009) Yin amfani da launi da kuma amfani da batsa masu haɗari sun haɗa da halayen da ke taimaka wa mata.
  20. Hotuna da matasa: muhimmancin bambancin mutum (2005) Sun gano cewa wani yaro wanda "ya mallaki wasu haɗarin haɗarin lamarin ya ƙayyade yadda zai iya yin zina da zinare bayan bin batsa" (shafi na 316). Yana mai da hankalin kai tsaye a kan abubuwan da ba a fahimta ba, Malamuth da Huppin (2005) sun nuna cewa, ba wai kawai wadannan 'yan mata masu girma ba ne "mafi kusantar su kasancewa ga irin wannan kafofin watsa labaru amma idan aka bayyana su, ana iya canzawa ta irin wannan tasirin, irin su canje-canje game da yarda da tashin hankali ga mata "(shafi na 323-24).
  21. Abubuwan Cin Hanci da Harkokin Shafin Hotuna da Tsarin Gwiwar Aiwatarwa ga Mata (2013) Hotuna masu kallon hangen nesa da adawa da kullun ga maza da mata, ko da bayan da aka yi la'akari da halin da ake ciki da kuma sauran matsaloli.
  22. Hotunan batsa suna amfani da alamar haɗari don halayyar halayyar halayyar yara da yara (2009) Alexy et al. (2009) sunyi nazarin batutuwa masu amfani da batsa na yara masu cin zarafin yara yayin da suka shafi nau'o'in nau'in halayya. Wadanda suka kasance masu amfani da batsa suna iya nuna irin nauyin halayya irin su sata, ɓarna, yin amfani da wasu, doki, da kuma tilasta yin jima'i.
  23. Hotuna masu kallon kallon kallon kallo tsakanin 'yan Adam maza da mata: Hanyoyin da ke faruwa a kan Bystander, Rashin murya da karfin hali da karbar zuciya don yin jima'i da jima'i. (2011) Yawancin ɗaliban 'yan makaranta na kallon hoto suna kallon halin da suke ciki game da kaifin jima'i.
  24. Hoto, Sauran Harkokin Saduwa, da Karin Extradyadic hali (2013) Ana amfani da yin amfani da launi tare da ƙara yawan wawa a gefe a cikin mutane masu jinƙai.
  25. Tasirin batsa a Jima'i (2006) Porn amfani da rage gamsuwa tare da abokan hulɗa.
  26. Yin jima'i a tsakanin matasa: A Review (2007) An kammala cewa akwai yiwuwar wanzuwar wani jaraba na jima'i wanda ya shafi dukkanin rayuwar (ciki har da shekarun matasa), wanda ya cancanci yin nazari da yawa.
  27. Yin amfani da cyberpornography da samari matasa a Hong Kong wasu halayen kwakwalwa (2007) mahalarta da suka bayar da rahoton cewa suna kallo mafi yawan hotuna a kan labarun kan labaran da aka samo su sun sami mafi girma a kan matakan da za a yi da jima'i da jima'i ga mata da maza.
  28. Amfani da Batsa na Intanit da Jin Dadin Maza Wannan binciken na 2005 ya nuna cewa matsalolin, damuwa, da kuma matsalolin matsala na ainihi suna hade da haɗin kai na yau da kullum a cikin maza.
  29. Bambancin matsalolin da ke cikin intanet da kuma aiki na psychosocial a cikin ayyukan jima'i na layi: abubuwan da suka shafi zamantakewar zamantakewa da kuma cin zarafin matasa. (2004) (Akwai shi cikin cikakken layi) Ayyukan jima'i na yau da kullum da aka sauya haɓaka da dangantaka ta al'ada, kwarewa da ilmantarwa, da kuma halayyar tausayi a daliban jami'a.
  30. Abubuwan X da aka lalata da kuma ci gaba da halayyar cin zarafin jima'i tsakanin yara da matasa: akwai hanyar haɗi? (2011) Ley, Prause da Finn sun ambaci wannan binciken, amma suna ƙoƙari su rage shi zuwa shaidar “neman abin sha'awa” a cikin masu amfani da batsa. Ba su ambaci cewa samarin da suke nunawa batsa da gangan suna nuna alamun sun fi sau shida aikata ayyukan ta'addanci fiye da waɗanda ba su da fallasa ko kuma aka nuna musu batsa marasa ƙarfi.
  31. Rahoton matasan matasa game da batirin da suka shafi batsa suna amfani da su don magance matsalolin halayyar mutum, halayyar dangantaka, da kuma jin daɗin jin dadi. 2012 Sakamakon ya nuna rahoton mata game da abubuwanda ake amfani da su na batsa na yau da kullum sun hada da kyakkyawan dangantaka. Ƙarin fahimtar yin amfani da batsa ta amfani da matsala an haɓaka da kyau tare da girman kai, haɗin dangantaka, da kuma jima'i.
  32. Hanyoyin gay da ke fitowa akan labarun HIV game da maza da suke da jima'i da maza. 2013. Ba a haɗu da cin zarafi ta hanyar jima'i ba. duk da haka mahalarta da ke kallo da yawa daga cikin abubuwan da ba a nuna ba, sun bayar da rahoto game da halayyar haɗari. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa zaɓin da ake so don nuna rashin jin dadin kaɗaɗɗen labaran jima'i yana hade da shiga halayen haɗari.
  33. Amfani da batsa da kuma rahoton kai da kansa game da rikici tsakanin yara (2005). Abubuwan da aka gano sun nuna cewa an yi tasiri da rikice-rikicen tashin hankali da jima'i da kuma batsa. Duk da haka, karatun littattafan batsa ya fi tasiri sosai ga tashin hankali na jima'i, yayin da yake yaro ya kasance mai kariya daga mummunan tashin hankali. Duk da haka, an gano wasu tasirin kallon fina-finan batsa a kan ma'aurata maras sowa, musamman a tsakanin 'yan mata.
  34. Hotunan bidiyo da tashin hankali da jima'i: Ƙungiyoyi masu tayar da hankali tare da fyade da fyade (1994). Bayanan da aka tattara daga samfurin mahallin na 515 sun nuna magunguna masu karfi na fyade da tarin fyade da yin amfani da kusan duk nau'in batsa. Rahotanni da aka nuna sun nuna cewa mafi karfi da karfi na yin jima'i da ta'addanci, da kuma fyade-fyade, sun kasance masu tasiri ga mummunar tashin hankali da kuma fyade. Bayyanawa ga batsa masu banƙyama ba tare da nuna bambanci ba sun nuna wani haɗin yanar gizo na sauran ƙididdiga. Bayyanawa ga batsa mai laushi ta halayya yana da alaƙa da yiwuwar halayyar jima'i da halayyar rikici ba tare da ɓarna ba, amma yana da alaka da yiwuwar fyade da kuma ainihin jima'i.
  35. Hanyoyin da ke tattare da jigilar abubuwan da suka dace da jigilar jima'i a cikin kayan bidiyo (2000)  Sakamakon ya nuna cewa mutanen da aka fallasa su ga abubuwa masu lalata, duk da rashin fahimta, sun fi dacewa su nuna halayen da suka taimaka wa fyade, yayin da bayyane ba shi da wata muhimmiyar tasiri ko tasiri tare da waɗannan halayen. Bugu da ari, an gano hulɗar rashin fahimta tare da raguwa a kan ƙananan tasiri a kan ma'auni na rashin zina.
  36. Rahoton matasa masu girma game da batirin da ake yi wa abokiyar auren suna amfani da shi don magance matsalolin halayyar mutum, halayyar dangantaka, da jin dadin rayuwa (2012) Sakamakon ya nuna rahoton mata game da abubuwanda ake amfani da su na batsa na yau da kullum sun hada da kyakkyawan dangantaka. Ƙarin fahimtar yin amfani da batsa ta amfani da matsala an haɓaka da kyau tare da girman kai, haɗin dangantaka, da kuma jima'i.
  37. Abubuwan Hidima Zama: Wanda Ya Yi amfani da shi da kuma yadda aka haɗu da Abubuwan Hulɗa (2012) Sakamakon gabaɗaya daga wannan binciken ya nuna mahimmancin bambancin jinsi dangane da bayanan amfani, da kuma haɗin batsa tare da abubuwan alaƙa. Musamman, yin amfani da batsa ta batsa yana da alaƙa da halayen halayen mata da maza, yayin da amfani da hotunan mata yana da alaƙa da ingancin jima'i na mace.
  38. Jima'i kafofin watsa labaru amfani da dangantaka gamsuwa a namiji ma'aurata (2011) Sakamako ya bayyana cewa mafi yawan amfani da kafofin watsa labaru na jima'i dangane da gamsuwa mara kyau a cikin maza, yayin da mafi yawan yawan amfani da kafofin watsa labarun mata dangane da gamsuwa mai kyau a cikin abokan maza.
  39. Yaushe batsa ta yanar gizo ke kallon matsala a cikin kolejoji? Binciken Matsayin Farko na Kwarewar Kwarewa (2012) Binciken na yanzu ya bincika dangantaka da batsa na Intanit da ke kallo da kuma kwarewa ga magance matsalolin halayen kwakwalwa (damuwa, damuwa, damuwa, aiki na zamantakewa, da matsalolin da aka shafi dubawa) ta hanyar bincike kan layi na kan layi tare da wani samfurin da ba a samo asibiti ba. 157 kwalejojin kwalejin digiri na biyu. Sakamako ya nuna cewa kallon kallon sau da yawa ya danganci kowane halayen psychosocial, kamar yadda yawan kallo ya danganci matsaloli mafi girma.
  40. "Bareback" Labaran Batsa da Lafiyayyen Jima'i na Maza masu Yin Jima'i da Maza (2014) Sakamakon ya samar da ingantacciyar hujja da ingantaccen muhalli cewa “batsa mara amfani” amfani da batsa yana shafar sha'awar mai kallo game da ɗaukar haɗarin jima'i ta hanyar rage aniyar su ta amfani da matakan jima'i masu kariya. An ba da shawarwari game da yadda za a iya amfani da waɗannan binciken don dalilai na shiga tsakani da rigakafin cututtukan STI da HIV.
  41. Narcissism & Intanit Amfani da Batsa (2014) Awanni da aka shafe ana kallon amfani da batsa na Intanit an danganta su da matakin narcissism na mai halarta. Bugu da ƙari, kowane amfani da batsa yana tsinkaya matakan girma na dukkan matakan uku na narcissism fiye da waɗanda basu taɓa yin amfani da batsa na Intanit ba.

Nazarin jarrabawa na shafukan yanar-gizon yanar gizo da kuma labarun yanar gizo na yanar gizo, wanda mawallafa suka manta

Sashe na Farko: Intanet Yanar-gizo Tsarin Bincike:

  1. Rashin rinjayar amfani da intanet a kan yiwuwar abubuwan da suka shafi taron (2008)
  2. Shirye-shiryen yanke shawara da kuma ƙaddamar da ayyukan da aka hana yin amfani da yanar gizo (2009)
  3. Matsarar Grey Abubuwa Mawuyacin Aikin Intanit na Intanit: Nazari na Morphometry na Voxel (2009)
  4. Hanyoyin amfani da Intanet da yawa akan yanayin halayyar lokaci na EEG (2009)
  5. Wani binciken da ya shafi abubuwan da suka shafi taron ya kasa samun ikon sarrafawa a cikin mutane masu amfani da yanar-gizon yanar gizo (2010)
  6. Rashin ƙyama ga mutane da rashin ciwon intanet: shaidar ilimin electrophysiological daga binciken Go / NoGo (2010)
  7. Bambancin bambancin yanar-gizon hadarin matsala dangane da maganganu masu juyayi na ainihi: jigon yanar gizo na jarabawar aikin haɓaka (2010)
  8. Ƙara yawan haɗin gwiwar yankin a cikin labarun jarabawar yanar gizo wani nazari na nazarin hotuna mai kwakwalwa na jiki mai faɗi (2010)
  9. Bincike akan abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar yanar gizo (2010)
  10. Rage Dynamic Dordamine D2 Masu Saukewa a Mutum tare da Intanit Intanit (2011)
  11. Abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin matasa tare da Intanit Intanit. (2011)
  12. Nazarin farko na jaraba da Intanit da kuma aiki na haɓaka a cikin matasa wadanda suka dogara da gwajin IQ (2011)
  13. Canjin P300 da farfadowa na halayen halayen a cikin batutuwa tare da rashin jituwa ta Intanit: Binciken nazarin bin 3 watau (2011)
  14. Mazaunan Intanit na yanar gizo suna nuna alamar ikon jagorancin rashin rinjaye daga kalma mai launi: Ayyuka mai launi (2011)
  15. Rashin ƙuntatawa a Farfadowa da fuska a cikin Intanet Mai Mahimmanci Masu amfani (2011)
  16. Hanyar Hotuna na Intanit ta Kashe tare da Ayyukan Ɗaukaka Ayyuka (2012)
  17. Hanyoyin electroacupuncture hade da halayyar kwakwalwa akan aiki da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da suka shafi P300 da mismatch negativity a cikin marasa lafiya tare da intanet (2012)
  18. Matsalar Maganganu Ta Tsakanin Daidaitawa a Matasan Yara da Ciwon Jima'i na Intanit: Nazari na Tarihi na Ƙasar Tract (2012)
  19. Rage Harkokin Kasuwancin Matsalar Magunguna a Yanayin Jama'a da Yanayin Intanit na Intanet (2012)
  20. Cikakken kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa na mai amfani da yanar gizo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na ball-throwing animation: Abubuwan da za a iya bawuwa su ne daidai da abin da FMRI (2012) ya saukar.
  21. Rashin hana rikici a cikin intanet: Abin da aka yi amfani da shi na aikin haɓakaccen magidanci. (2012)
  22. Kwankwayon cututtukan cututtuka na Psychological da Matsayin Labaran Cibiyoyin Neurotransmitters a Shanghai Masu yaro tare da kuma ba tare da Intanit Tsarin Tunawa ba: Nazari na Kariya (2013)
  23. Beta-beta da kuma ayyukan gamma a furotin Intanet (2013)
  24. Abubuwan da za a iya amfani da su a cikin asibitoci (EEG) a cikin asibiti na jarrabawar da aka gano tare da jarabaccen intanet (2013)
  25. Ayyukan Kuskuren Kuskuren da ba a Aiwatarwa a cikin Mutane da Yanayin Tunawa na Intanit: Binciken FMRI na Takaitaccen Takaicin (2013).
  26. Hanyoyin Intanit a kan Zuciyar Zuciya Zuwan Ƙarƙashin Mawuyacin Aiki a Ƙananan Makaranta (2013)
  27. Sakamakon Amincewa da Kwarewa na Kwarewa Game da Laifi na Kwayar Kiyaye na Kwaskwarima a Mutum tare da Ciwon Jima'i na Intanit (2013)
  28. Ƙididdigar aiki na lobe na gaba a cikin mutane da rashin ciwon intanet (2013)
  29. Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa na EEG daban-daban da ke haɓaka da rashin tausayi a cikin Intanet (2014)
  30. Brains a kan layi: tsari da aiki na dacewa da amfani da yanar-gizon al'ada (2014)
  31. Tashin hankali na gabanal-Basal Ganglia da haɗin kai a matasan matasa tare da ciwon intanet (2014)
  32. Gudanar da Gabatarwa da Intanit na Intanet Wani samfurin nazari da nazarin Neuropsychological and Neuroimaging Findings (2014)
  33. Abubuwan da ke tattare da sassan jiki don samun sakamako mai yawa da kuma amsawa a cikin tunanin jinin yanar gizo na yara masu sauraro wanda aka gano ta hanyar zanewa ta hanyar magnetic magnetic (2014)
  34. Shafukan yanar-gizon yanar gizo suna ba da ladabi da kuma rashin daidaituwa tare da marasa lafiya masu rai (2014)
  35. Cibiyar Harkokin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Intanit: Ƙunƙidar Bincike na Magana Tsakanin Yanayi na Maimaitawa (2014)
  36. Ayyuka Mafi Girma Ma'aikatar Harkokin Taswirar Mahimmanci Ana Haɗaka da Ƙananan Rawantar Grey-Matter a Cigaba Cingulate Cortex (2014)
  37. Hanyar magance damuwa yayin ɗaukar haɗari a matasan tare da fasali na amfani da Intanet (2015)
  38. Tsarin jariri da haɗin aiki da ke hade da bambancin mutum a cikin hanyar Intanet a cikin matasa masu lafiya (2015)
  39. Gwaje-gwaje da tsarin neural sub-facebook "jaraba" (2014)
  40. Ƙayyadaddun Bayanan Nazarin Neuroscientific a kan Intanet Addictio (2015) PDF
  41. Sabbin abubuwan da ke faruwa a kan abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin halitta na kwayoyin halitta da kuma maganin vidiyo (2015)
  42. Sakamakon zaɓuɓɓuka na Electroencephalogram da Tsammani a Mutanen da ke Intanet tare da Kayayyakin Lissafi na Lissafi (2015)
  43. Halin kwayoyin halitta da fasaha na Ayyukan Intanet (2015)
  44. Hanyoyi masu aiki na al'ada a cikin matasa da ciwon haɗin kan yanar gizo (2015).
  45. Ta Yaya Intanit Ya Sauya Hannun Mutum? (2015)
  46. Hanyoyin Amfani da Laifuka ta Intanit da Hanyoyin Gida (2015)
  47. Ƙananan abubuwa masu mahimmanci na yanke shawara a cikin mutane tare da jaraba da Intanet (2015)
  48. Dangantaka tsakanin tsarin jinin jini da jinin intanet a cikin matasa: binciken nazari (2015)
  49. Ana amfani da matsalar amfani da lalata ta hanyar amfani da tsarin gyare-gyare a cikin tsarin kwakwalwa a cikin mata. (2015)
  50. Ƙwaƙwalwar aiki, aikin gudanarwa da kuma impulsivity a cikin yanar-gizo addictive cuta: kwatanta da caca-caca (2015)
  51. Halin da ake amfani da shi na haɗin gwiwar hemispheric da rushewa da haɗin gwiwar a cikin yanar gizo na Intanit (2015)
  52. Nazarin ilimin ilmin lissafi a intanet: Wani bita a cikin tsari na dual-process (2015)
  53. Bayani na tushen kwayoyin halitta (PIN) da kuma maganin warkewa (2015)
  54. Rashin hanawa da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ta hanyar mayar da martani ga kalmomin intanet a tsakanin matasa da ciwon intanet: A kwatanta da rashin kulawa da rashin tausayi / cututtuka (2016)
  55. Rashin raguwa a hanyoyin da aka ba da kyauta da kuma hagu na dama / dama na haɓakawa ga rashin jin dadin intanet (2016)
  56. Halin da ke cikin jigilar yanar gizo a cikin matasa (2016)
  57. Matsalolin Matsalar Intanit na Neman Intanet Masu Rashin Nunawa da Rashin Kwacewa tare da Rushewar: Shaida daga Tsaya Ƙarawa da Ƙwararrun Gambobi Ɗawainiya (2016)
  58. Ƙararren Girɓin Grey da Girma Matsalar Daidaitan Ɗaukaka a Kwalejin Kwalejin da Makarantar Wayar Hannu (2016)
  59. Binciken da ake yi wa yanar-gizon Intanit ta yanar gizo (2016)
  60. Canje-canjen aiki a cikin marasa lafiya tare da asirin yanar gizo da aka nuna ta hanyar adenosine ya jaddada siffar jinin jinin jinin jini na 99MTc-ECD SPET (2016)
  61. Na numfashi sinus arrhythmia reactivity na internet addiction masu zalunci a cikin mummunar ra'ayi da jihohi ta amfani da shirye-shiryen bidiyon fim (2016)
  62. Sakamakon binciken da ke tattare da amfani da yanar gizo (2016)
  63. Tsarin Tsara Ayyuka, Taimako na iPod, da Rushewar Discounting (2016)
  64. Alamar jiki na yanke shawara a cikin matsala Yanar-gizo masu amfani (2016)
  65. Rashin rashin aiki na aiki a cikin marasa lafiya tare da ciwon jita-jita ta intanet: binciken da ya dace game da abubuwan da suka faru (2016)
  66. Amfani da Intanit: Ƙwayoyin kwayoyin halitta na bambancin aiki a kan fadin OXTR, da dalili a baya ta yin amfani da Intanet, da kuma ƙididdigar al'adu (2016)
  67. Hanya na Zaɓuɓɓuka na Yanayi na Biyu don Tattaunawa Ayyukan EEG na Matasan Matasa tare da Intanit na Intanit (2016)
  68. Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Labaran Ba ​​da Labaran Nazari na Intanet (2016)
  69. Ƙirƙirar ƙwallon ƙafa, ƙwayoyin magungunan hanawa da kuma nuna rashin jin dadi akan jarabawar yanar gizo (2016)
  70. Nazarin ilimin ilmin lissafi a cikin jarabawar Intanet: Bincike a cikin tsari na dual-process (2017)
  71. Canza yanayin da aka rigaya, cibiyoyin gabano-parietal da salience a cikin matasa da cin zarafin yanar gizo (2017)
  72. Matsayi na sarrafa inhibitory mai juyayi a cikin takamaiman jarabar intanet - nazarin fMRI (2017)
  73. Hanyar da ke amfani da yanar gizo ta hanyar amfani da yanar-gizo a cikin marasa lafiya da ke shan maganin jin daɗin jin dadin yanar gizo (2017)
  74. Sauye-gyare na kwakwalwa na Brain da ke hade da Social Networking Addiction (2017)
  75. Hanyoyin electro-acupuncture haɗe tare da haɗakarwa a hankali akan bayyanar cututtuka da kuma P50 na rashin lafiyar mai kwakwalwa a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon intanet (2017)
  76. Lokaci Lokaci ne: Yanayin ƙwararrun masu amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwararrun masu amfani a Gain da Loss Intertemporal Choice (2017)
  77. Dysregulation na yaudarar yanar gizo da kuma maganin neurobiological (2017)
  78. Amfani da Facebook akan wayoyin wayoyin hannu da kuma ƙarar murya daga ƙwayar mahaifa (2017)
  79. Rashin gazawar fahimtar lalata fuska fuska da kuma jarabawar Intanet: Ganin ɗaukar matsayi kamar matsakanci (2017)
  80. Hanyoyin Hedonic Hoto na Kasuwanci zuwa Hotunan Siffofin Jama'a (2017)
  81. Sauye-sauye na farfadowa daban-daban bayan shafukan intanit a mafi yawan masu amfani da intanet (2017)
  82. Differences a Yankin Sanyawa Tsarin Hanya Kasuwanci Aiki tare da Kwayoyin Lafiya / Hyperactivity Disorder tare da ko ba tare da cututtuka na Comorbid (2017)
  83. Abinda ke da mawuyacin sakamako da kuma azabtarwa Abokan hulɗa da Intanet (2017)
  84. Sha'idodin Gidajen Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙari, FRN da P300 Dama a Tsarin Intanit a Matasa (2017)
  85. Shawarwar yanar gizo a cikin kwakwalwa: Cortical oscillations, aiki na kai, da kuma matakan halayen (2017)
  86. Cire Ƙididdigar Ma'anar Haɗuwa da Yanayin Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙaƙwalwar Haɗuwa da Haɗakarwa da Hanyar Intanet (2017)
  87. Ƙungiyar tsakanin ka'idodin lissafin jiki a cikin girman kai, narcissism da jita-jitar yanar gizo: Nazarin giciye (2017)
  88. Sakamakon Dogaro da Intanet kan cibiyoyin kula da daliban kwaleji (2017)
  89. Hanyar binciken acupuncture ta Electro-intanet: Shaida na daidaituwa na rikitarwa a cikin matasa (2017)
  90. Janyo hankalin da ke cikin labarun Intanit ta amfani da bayanan gani da kuma dubawa a cikin tsarin kwance-hankula (2017)
  91. Raunin rashin tausayawa a cikin Mutum tare da Ciwon Tsibirin Intanet: Wani Nazari na Kwarewa na Tarihi (2017)
  92. Cibiyar Cikin Gidan Cikin Gidan Cutar Gida A Cikin Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi Intanet (2017)
  93. Hadin zumunci tsakanin Iyaye ta Intanit tare da Jiki ta jiki, Matsayin Hemoglobin da Matsayin Leukocyte zuwa Dalibai (2017)
  94. Nazari na Kwarewar Wayar Kwarewa ta Wayar Kwarewa a Kalmomin Jumma'a ta yin amfani da Ƙwararraki da Ƙwarewa (2017)
  95. Intanit na Intanet yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa a cikin Brain (2017)
  96. WIRED: Tasirin hanyoyin sadarwa da fasahar amfani da danniya (cortisol) da kuma kumburi (interleukin IL-6) a cikin iyalai masu sauri (2018)
  97. Fasahar sadarwa da fasahar sadarwa (ICT): Amfani da matsalar Intanet, wasanni na bidiyo, wayoyin hannu, saƙon nan take da kuma sadarwar zamantakewa ta amfani da MULTICAGE-TIC (2018)
  98. Rashin haɓaka na sirri da kuma sha'awar mutane masu amfani da Intanet (2018)
  99. Hanyar jarabawar intanet a kan aikin gudanarwa da kuma ilmantarwa a cikin yara yara masu shekaru a cikin yara (2018)
  100. Sadarwar Sadarwar Intanit da kuma tsarin kwakwalwar ɗan adam: fahimtar farko game da jarabawar WeChat (2018)
  101. Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer: Wani sabon tsari don tantance abubuwan da ake amfani da su a kan hanyoyin amfani da aikace-aikacen Intanet (2018)
  102. Cue-reactivity a cikin addictions hali: A meta-bincike da kuma ka'idojin la'akari (2018)
  103. Amfani ta atomatik amfani da bayanan cibiyar sadarwar yanar gizo ta hanyar addicts yanar gizo: shaidar hali da ERP (2018)
  104. Yara matasa masu wasa suna nuna ƙarin abubuwan da suka dace da su ta hanyar intanet na kansu fiye da nasu kansu: Bayanin neural (2018)
  105. Rashin haɓaka a cikin matasa tare da Intanit Intanit: Shaida daga Tashar Ayyuka (2018).
  106. Ayyukan lantarki suna haɗuwa da lalacewa na buri a Intanit a cikin marasa asibiti (2018)
  107. Rashin tsayayyi tare da aiwatar da matsalolin mawuyacin a cikin masu amfani da yanar-gizo mai rikitarwa: Shaida ta farko daga Ɗaukaka Tasirin Tasiri (2018)
  108. Shin "tilasta haɓaka" daga wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayon zuwa batsa? Binciken daga misalin watan Afrilu 2018 na asusun Fortnite (2018)
  109. Dakatar da Ni A Gida: Abokiyar Matsayin Tsibirin Facebook Ana Haɗaka da Hanyar Ƙaƙƙwarar Ƙaƙƙwarar Abinci ga Ƙari na Facebook (2018)
  110. Bambancin jima'i a sakamakon tasirin wasan kwaikwayo na Intanit a cikin kwakwalwa ayyuka: Shaida daga jihohin fMRI (2018)
  111. Canza sakonnin kwakwalwa da suka danganci kimantawa mai kyau da kuma kula da kai a cikin zaɓin hali (2018)
  112. Masu amfani da kafofin watsa labarun masu yawa sun nuna rashin yanke shawarar yanke shawara a cikin Tashoshin Tambaya na Iowa (2019)
  113. Intanit na Intanet da ke hade da dama a cikin mata (2019)
  114. Gano gaskiya ta hanyar samfurin wasan kwaikwayo yana da alaƙa da zaɓi na musamman don kama-da-wane a kan abubuwan da suka faru na ainihi (2019)
  115. Ƙungiyar ilimin lissafi ta hanzari kuma rage rage cin gajiyar intanet: Shaida daga nazarin bishiyoyi na musamman (2019)
  116. Bambanci tsakanin matasan yara na Intanit, masu shan taba, da magungunan lafiya ta hanyar hulɗar dake tsakanin impulsivity da tsinkar lobe (2019)
  117. Hanyoyin halitta na kwayoyin halitta na yara da matasa tare da labarun cinikayya na intanit: nazari na yau da kullum (2019)
  118. Yada jita-jita na intanet a cikin EEG mai ƙaura ta hanyar bincike na cibiyar sadarwa (2019)
  119. Kuskuren Yanayi Yi Labari Mai Girma: Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Kasuwanci da Tsarin Laifi a Tsarin Abubuwan Da Suka Shahara A Hanyar Wayar Halitta (2019)
  120. Nuna bangarori na farfado da kwarewa, hanawa, da kuma kulawar motsa jiki a cikin mutane masu amfani da Intanet (2019)
  121. Amfani da intanet na wucin gadi: fassarar ƙungiyoyi tsakanin cognition da COMT rs4818, rs4680 haplotypes (2019)
  122. Matakan Plasma Sauya na Glial Cell Line-An Samu Neurotrophic Factor a cikin marasa lafiya tare da Intanit Sadar da Gaming: A Case-Control, Nazarin Pilot (2019)
  123. Canje-canjen ƙananan microstructural da kuma jita-jita na intanet: Binciken MRI na farko (2019)
  124. Corrigendum: Zabi mara kyau Yayi Kyakkyawan Labari: Tsarin Yanke yanke hukunci da Ingancin Gudanar da Fata a cikin Batutuwa Tare da phonearawar Waya (2019).
  125. Hanyar hankali na ma'amala da ke tsakanin mutane da kuma kaɗaici a cikin masu amfani da intanet: Nazarin ERP (2019)
  126. Amfani da gano kansa ta atomatik na masu amfani da yanar gizo masu matsala don alamun bayyanar siginar Wi-Fi da daidaitawar tasirin mummunar tasiri: Nazarin da ya danganci taron (2019)
  127. Amfani da Lokaci mai Kyau da Wahayi na Hawan Haɗi Tare da Haɗin Harkokin Hutu na Hutu na Hutu na Insula a cikin Masu amfani da wayoyin salula na Adult (2019)
  128. Lateral orbitofrontal launin toka matsala a cikin batutuwa tare da matsala ta amfani da wayoyin salula (2019)
  129. Ictionarawar Intanet da cibiyoyin kwakwalwa masu aiki: Nazarin FMRI mai ɗaukar nauyin aiki (2019)
  130. Yin hankali da hankali a cikin masu amfani da yanar gizo tare da amfani da matsala ta shafukan yanar gizo (2019)
  131. Abubuwan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta na jaraba ta intanet (2019)
  132. Amfanin da ke tattare da haɗar sinadarin ƙwayar jijiyoyin ƙwayar cuta a cikin haɗuwa da jarabar intanet (2020)
  133. Tsarin aiki da aiki na jarabawar kayan masarufi (2020)

Sashe na biyu: Wasan bidiyo na Jaraba'a Nazarin Brain:

  1. Shaidun da aka kashe a yayin wasan wasan bidiyo (1998)
  2. Gwiwar kwayoyin halitta da ladabi a cikin matasan da ke cikin wasan kwaikwayo na bidiyo mai zurfi (2007)
  3. Musamman maimaitawa a game da wasan kwaikwayo game da wasanni game da wasan kwaikwayon da ke cikin 'yan wasa masu yawa (2007)
  4. Ayyuka na Brain da ke haɗaka da gwagwarmayar wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayo ta yanar gizo (2008).
  5. Sakamakon yin amfani da intanet a kan N400 abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da suka faru (2008)
  6. Halin methylphenidate a kan wasan bidiyon Intanit yana wasa a yara tare da rashin kulawa da cututtukan cututtuka (2009)
  7. Kwafi da kuma bidiyo na jaraba na wasan kwaikwayo - kwatancin tsakanin masu amfani da wasanni da masu amfani da bidiyo (2010)
  8. Bupropion ci gaba da saki magani yana rage yawan sha'awar wasanni na bidiyo da kuma kwakwalwar kwakwalwa a cikin marasa lafiya tare da bidiyon bidiyo na yanar gizo (2010)
  9. Sauya karfin glucose na glucose na yanki a cikin layi na intanet: Binciken 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron watsin binciken kwaikwayo (2010)
  10. Canje-canje a Ayyukan Harkokin Kasuwanci na Yau da Ba'a Yi Aiki tare da Wasan Wasan Bidiyo. (2010)
  11. Ƙwararrun ƙwararre na sha'awar yin amfani da layi a kan layi a karkashin layi a cikin batutuwa tare da jita-jita na yanar-gizon Intanit da kuma cikin batutuwa da aka zartar da su. (2011)
  12. Sakamakon ya haifar da kyakkyawar amsawa ga matasa game da jita-jita ta yanar gizo (2011)
  13. Sensitivity da sakamako mai kyau da yawa da ragewa Sensitivity a yanar-gizon Addicts: Nazarin FMRI A lokacin Task Tasiri (2011)
  14. Ayyukan Brain da sha'awar yin wasa na bidiyon Intanet (2011)
  15. Hanyoyin yanar-gizon wuce gona da iri da kuma yanke shawara: Shin manyan 'yan wasa na duniya na Warcraft suna da matsala a yanke shawara a cikin yanayi mai haɗari? (2011)
  16. Hanyar dabarun bidiyon bidiyo (2011)
  17. Rashin rinjayar tsarin maganin rigakafi akan intanet (2011)
  18. Hanyoyin farfadowa na iyali a kan canje-canje a kan mawuyacin wasan kwaikwayo kan layi da aikin kwakwalwa a matasan da ke da layi na wasanni (2012)
  19. Hanyar ba da hankali da nuna rashin amincewa ga labaran wasan kwaikwayon suna da alaka da wasan kwaikwayo na matsala a cikin yara maza. (2012)
  20. Canje-canje a cikin yanki na yanki na kwantar da hankalin kwakwalwa a cikin labaran yanar gizo. (2012)
  21. Kuskuren kuskure da kuma mayar da martani ga masu sauraren wasan kwaikwayo masu yawa: nazarin bincike na musamman (2012)
  22. Cikin kwakwalwa don yin amfani da labarun wasan kwaikwayon da shan taba da ke ciki a tsakanin batutuwa sun hada da jita-jita ta yanar gizo da furotin nicotine. (2012)
  23. Binciken fini na Brain fMRI wanda ya haifar da hotuna a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na yanar gizo (maza masu ado) (2012)
  24. Ƙasashen daban-daban na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin marasa lafiya tare da jita-jita game da layi da masu wasa masu sana'a (2012)
  25. Hanyoyin watsa labaru na yau da kullum sun bayyana thalamus da na baya-bayan nan da ke tattare da halayen haɗari a cikin yanar gizo (2012).
  26. Wani samfurin ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin ƙwallon ƙafa ta yanar gizo (2012)
  27. Ƙin yarda da hankali game da hotuna game da wasanni game da wasanni da kuma ragowar raguwa a cikin mutane da cin zarafin Intanet (2012)
  28. Matsalar Cortical Abubuwa da ke faruwa a lokacin Yara tare da Addini na Jirgin Lissafi (2013)
  29. Cue reactivity da kuma hanawa a cikin na'urorin wasan kwaikwayo na kwamfuta na kwamfuta (2013)
  30. Rashin aikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwar kwakwalwa a cikin matasan da ke da intanet (2013)
  31. Matsarar gyada da nau'in nau'ikan fata a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na wasanni na yanar gizo (2013).
  32. Ƙarƙashin sassaucin ra'ayi a cikin intanet: shaidun fMRI daga alamun sauƙi da sauƙi da sauƙi (2013)
  33. Canza hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwar da ke tsakanin matasa da ciwon shafukan yanar gizo (2013)
  34. Rage girman kobitofrontal cortical kauri a cikin maza da yara tare da ciwon intanet (2013)
  35. Ayyukan sakamako / azabtarwa tsakanin intanet: Abubuwan da ke haifar da halayen haɓaka (2013).
  36. Ƙimar yawan nakasawar sauyin yanayi a matasan da ke da ladabi ta yanar gizo (2013)
  37. Kawai kallon wasan bai isa ba: sakamakon tashin hankali na FMRI yana mayar da martani ga nasarorin da aka samu a wasan bidiyo yayin aiki mai kaɗa da ƙarfi (2013)
  38. Menene ya sa addicts na Intanet ke ci gaba da yin wasa a kan layi koda kuwa lokacin da fuskantar mummunan sakamako? Abubuwan da za a iya Magana daga wani nazarin fMRI (2013)
  39. Ƙarƙwarar sauƙi na ƙananan ƙananan tsofaffi wanda ke da alaƙa ta hanyar zubar da jini a cikin matasan da ke shan jita-jita ta yanar gizo (2013).
  40. Amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa don maganin amsawa a ƙarƙashin fassarar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin labarun labaran yanar gizo (2013)
  41. Dandalin wasan kwaikwayo na intanet: abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu (2013)
  42. Cire kwakwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a yayin da aka hana mayar da martani tare da yin amfani da kuskure a cikin batutuwa da ke cikin labarun wasan kwaikwayo ta Intanit: nazarin hoton halayen magnetic aiki (2014)
  43. Sakamakon da aka yi a cikin mutane da keɓaɓɓen lalacewar yanar-gizon: wani zane-zane na nazarin nazarin hotunan magnetic jiki na aiki (2014)
  44. Hanyoyin ba da kariya da lalacewar aiki da aka yiwa matasa a ciki tare da labarun wasan kwaikwayo na Intanet wanda binciken nazarin Go / No-Go fMRI (2014)
  45. Hotuna PET yana nuna sauye-sauye na aiki na kwakwalwa a cikin layin yanar gizo (2014)
  46. Ƙirƙirar ƙwararre na ƙuntatawar amsawa a cikin layin Intanet na Intanet (2014)
  47. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) a cikin wasan kwaikwayon wasa na kan layi (2014)
  48. Ƙananan ƙarancin jiki a cikin 'yan wasa masu ladabi sun bambanta dangane da nau'in nau'in wasanni (2014)
  49. Hanyoyin da ke tattare da labaran da ke tattare da labarun labaran da ke tattare da labarun cinikayya ta intanet da shan barasa (2014)
  50. Cibiyar ta Gaskiya ta Gaskiya ta Intanet (2014)
  51. Baƙon abu mai launin toshiya da fari a cikin 'jarabar wasannin caca ta Intanet' (2014)
  52. Colding-hippocampal synchrony ya haɓaka tare da zalunci a matasan da ke cikin labaran yanar gizo (2014)
  53. Rashin haɗarin ƙalubalanci a cikin mutanen da ke cikin labarun wasan kwaikwayo na Intanit: shaidar shaida na fMRI daga aiki na rangwame yiwuwar (2014)
  54. Rage haɓakar fiber da kuma kula da hankali a cikin matasa tare da labarun labaran yanar gizo (2014)
  55. Bincike a cikin maye gurbin microstructure a cikin ƙwayar launin toka ta amfani da DKI a cikin yanar-gizon cin zarafi (2014)
  56. EEG da ERP da ke da nasaba da Degree of Internet Game Addiction Analysis (2014)
  57. Rage aikin haɗin aiki a cibiyar sadarwa mai kulawa yana da alaƙa da aikin zartarwa mara kyau a cikin layin Intanet (2014)
  58. Sauye-gyare-gyare-gyare-gyare-gyare-gyare-gyare-gyare-gyare daban-daban na masu aiki a cikin masu shan taba da masu cin mutunci tare da jita-jita ta yanar gizo (2014)
  59. Hanyoyin da za a yi amfani da shi na haɗin kai na matasa a cikin matasan tare da labarun labaran yanar gizo (2014)
  60. Bambanci da bambance-bambance a cikin labarun cinikin Intanet, caca da cuta da kuma amfani da barasa: A mayar da hankali kan impulsivity da compulsivity (2014)
  61. Differences a cikin haɗin aiki tsakanin haɗarin barasa da kuma labarun yanar gizo (2015)
  62. Core kwakwalwa hanyoyin sadarwa da kuma kula da hankali a cikin labarun labaran yanar gizo a cikin shekarun tsufa / tsufa (2015)
  63. Gyara tsohuwar abu mai launin toka kuma ya rushe aiki na haɗin amygdala a cikin tsofaffi tare da ciwon caca Intanit (2015)
  64. Yankewa na yanki na yanki a matsayin alamar nazarin halittu ga marasa lafiya tare da labarun cinikayyar Intanit: A kwatanta da marasa lafiya tare da maye gurbin shan giya da magunguna masu kyau (2015)
  65. Sauya aikin haɓaka a cikin masu amfani da kwamfuta na kwamfuta: ERP-sakamakon daga Halitta na Gaming Design (2015)
  66. Jigilar kwayar cutar ta Striatum tana hade da ƙananan ƙarancin hankali da kuma rashin lafiya a cikin labarun labaran yanar gizo (2015)
  67. Taron wasan kwaikwayo na bidiyo da tsarin sakamako (2015)
  68. Rage Prebeal Lobe Tsarin Gudanar da Harkokin Kasuwanci Aiki tare da Intanit Kayan Cutar Gida: Nazari na Farko Ta Amfani da FMRI Tsuntsakewa (2015))
  69. Sakamakon ayyuka na kwakwalwa a dalibai koleji da matsalar labaran yanar gizo (2015)
  70. Sauyawa da ƙarar launi da kuma kula da hankali a cikin matasa tare da labarun labaran yanar gizo (2015)
  71. Wani bincike na FMRI na kulawa da hankali a cikin masu cin zarafi (2015)
  72. Canza tsarin haɗin gwiwa na jihar-gida na haɓakaccen mahaukaci a cikin matasan matasa tare da labarun labaran Intanet (2015)
  73. Hanyoyin haɓaka tsakanin haɗin gwiwar cibiyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa da kuma ladaran sakamako suna bayyana dabi'un neman layi a kan layi a cikin labarun labaran Intanet (2015)
  74. Shin kwakwalwar yanar gizo mai cin gashin kan yanar gizo ta kusa kusa da zama a cikin wani tsarin ilimin rashin lafiya? (2015)
  75. Sauya Kwayoyin Cardiorespiratory tare da Matasa Matasa da Matsalar Lafiya ta Duniya (2015)
  76. Saurin ƙwayar Brain a cikin Wasanni Game Bayan Bayanai na Gaming (2015)
  77. Hanyoyin Wasanni a kan Cognition da Tsarin Brain: Abubuwan Tawuwa na Kwayoyin cuta na Neuropsychiatric (2015)
  78. Dysfunction na frontolimbic yankin a lokacin da rantsuwa rantsuwa aiki a matasa matasa tare da cinikayyar cinikayyar Intanet (2015)
  79. Abubuwa masu mahimmanci na haɓakawa na asali da ke da alaƙa na aiki da haɗin keɓaɓɓun labaran yanar gizo (2015)
  80. Ayyukan neurophysiological na labarun wasan kwaikwayo na Intanet da kuma shan barasa: nazarin EEG mai zurfi (2015)
  81. Jaraba na wasa (2015)
  82. Rage aiki tsakanin haɗin ƙananan ƙwararren ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta a cikin labarun cinikayyar intanit: shaidun shaida daga yanayin kwantar da hankula na aikin kwalliya (2015)
  83. Gudanar da Harkokin Kasuwanci na Farko na Gwaninta a Tsarin Yara da Matsalar Lafiya ta Duniya (2015)
  84. Canje-canje na yawancin sauƙi a cikin karuwar yawan canjin yanayi a cikin yanar gizo (2015)
  85. Hanyar hana tsangwama a tsakanin manya da Yanar-gizo caca cuta (2015)
  86. Rage ƙaddamarwa ta hanyar ƙalubalen ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a lokacin yanke shawara a matasan da ke cikin lalata ta yanar gizo (2015)
  87. Hanyoyin da ke tattare da labaran da ke cikin labaran yanar gizo: Kalmomin da ke cikin caca (2015)
  88. Hadin hankali da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta a matasan da ke cikin layi na Intanet (2015)
  89. Gwada Gwargwadon Bayanan Gida da Kayan Kayan Wasan Wasanni Game da Amfani (2015)
  90. Rashin tasiri na wasan kwaikwayo na wasa a kan ƙwayoyin microstructural ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa: sashe-giciye da kuma nazari na tsawon lokaci (2016)
  91. Ƙinƙasawa na kwakwalwa da dorsal striatum a yayin da aka samu karuwa a cikin layin Intanet (2016)
  92. Hadin hankali da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta a matasan da ke cikin layi na Intanet (2016)
  93. Hanyoyi na Frontostriatal, haɓaka aikin aiki na gari da kuma kula da hankali a cikin labarun labaran yanar gizo (2016)
  94. Hanyar bayani game da dysfunctional yayin aiki mai mahimmanci na aiki a cikin mutane tare da labarun cinikin Intanet (2016)
  95. Ƙungiyar Catecholamine Tsakanin Tsayawa da Matsayi Mai Girma A Matsayin Yara na Koriya ta Koriya tare da Jarabaran Jita'i na Intanit (2016)
  96. Binciken Gizon Yanar Gizo Yana Bayyana Haɗakar Haɗakarwa Game da Tsarin Jima'i na Intanit (2016)
  97. Ayyukan da aka Sauya Haɗuwa Haɗuwa da Ƙarƙashin Ƙararra da Tsutsawa a Cibiyar Cutar Gidan Cutar Gidan Cutar Gidan Cutar: Cibiyar Magana ta FMRI (2016)
  98. Abubuwan da ke cikin rikici a wasan bidiyo na iya haifar da canje-canjen haɗin aiki a cikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa kamar yadda fMRI-ICA ta bayyana a cikin samari (2016)
  99. Hankalin hankali ga masu yin amfani da yanar gizo mai zurfi: Bincike gwaji ta amfani da jita-jita da jini da kuma binciken mai gani (2016)
  100. Rage aikin aiki na haɗin kai na cibiyar sadarwa ta hanyar insula ta matasa da ke da labarun labaran yanar gizo (2016)
  101. Cibiyar sadaukarwar hanyar sadarwar da ba ta dace ba ta hanyar sadarwar da ke tsakanin mutane da labarun cinikin Intanet: Sakamakon bayanan sirri a ƙarƙashin aiki na rangwame na yiwuwa (2016)
  102. Lalacewar kungiya ta baya a yayin da ake yanke shawarar yanke shawara a cikin matasan da ke cikin lalata ta yanar gizo (2016)
  103. Sauya tsarin gyare-gyaren gina jiki a cikin matasa tare da Intanit Gaming (2016)
  104. Hanyar bayani game da dysfunctional yayin aiki mai ƙididdiga na abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin mutane tare da Internetgamingdisorder (2016)
  105. Sakamakon ayyuka na kwakwalwa a dalibai koleji da matsalar labaran yanar gizo (2016)
  106. Ƙungiyar Ayyuka zuwa abubuwan da ke da alaƙa a cikin Intanit Gaming Disorder a lokacin Ɗaukaka Tasiri Tsuntsauran (2016)
  107. Sauye-sauye da Sauye-sauye da Sauye-sauye tsakanin Cibiyoyin Interaye da Kasuwanci da Kasuwanci na Kasuwancin Intanit (2016)
  108. Hanyoyin neurochemical na wasan intanet suna wasa a yara masu fama da cututtuka na rashin hankali: Nazarin nazarin sifofin jiki (MRS) na proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2016)
  109. Canza canje-canje na ƙauyuka na kasa da kuma canje-canje bayan biyan bukatu na hali don ciwo da labarun Intanet (2016)
  110. Binciken Shafin Farko na Bayanan Avatar a Yanar gizo na Intanet Abun Tambaya da Tunanin Kai a Masu Mahimmancin Ƙungiyar Harkokin Tsarin Mulki (2016)
  111. Canjin hanyoyin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa a cikin mutane tare da labarun cinikayyar Intanit: Shaida daga jihohin FMRI (2016)
  112. Nazarin da ya dace game da tasirin jigilar tsuntsaye da kuma escitalopram a kan layin Intanet (2016)
  113. Kuskuren sarrafawa mara kyau da kuma ladaran lada a cikin labaran yanar gizo a cikin wani aiki na rangwamen jinkirta: nazarin sashe masu zaman kanta (2016)
  114. Hanyoyin sha'awar halayyar hali a kan ƙananan ƙananan hanyoyi na sha'awar da ake ciki a cikin layin Intanet (2016)
  115. Ƙungiyar da ke tattare da launi ta hanyar sadarwa a cikin labaran labaran yanar gizo (2016)
  116. Sauya Ayyuka na Ƙasashen Kai da Yanayin Mutum Mai Dama a cikin Yara Matasa tare da Intanit Gaming Addiction (2016)
  117. Sakamakon sakamako a kan haɓaka tsakanin matakin haɗari da aikin kwakwalwa a cikin matasa tare da labarun labaran yanar gizo (2016)
  118. Canje-canje na ingancin rayuwa da aiki na zuciya a cikin mutane tare da labarun cinikin Intanet: Tsarin 6 watau (2016)
  119. Ƙara yawan karuwar haɗin aiki na matasa a cikin layi na yanar gizo (2016)
  120. Zuciyar ƙwayar zuciya ta hanyar labarun labaran yanar gizo ta kunna cikin jihohi (2016)
  121. Rage rangwamewa, ɗaukar haɗari, da ƙwarewar ƙin yarda tsakanin mutane tare da Intanit da Wasanni na Wasanni (2016)
  122. Rushewar farashin masu wasa na Wasan bidiyo: Haɗuwar lokacin Duration Daga Gamers (2017)
  123. Matsalar damuwa ga matashi maza tare da Intanit Gaming Disorder (2017)
  124. Ƙarƙashin neurophysiological na ƙetare amsawa a cikin labarun wasan kwaikwayo na intanit da rikice-rikice-rikice: Tsinkaye daga impulsivity da compulsivity (2017)
  125. Wasan kwaikwayo yana ƙarfafa sha'awar wasan kwaikwayo game da wasan kwaikwayo a cikin mutane tare da labarun labaran Intanet (2017)
  126. Rarraban haɗin aiki a cikin hanyar hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta tsoho a cikin labarun cinikayyar Intanit: Ƙin rinjayar yara ADHD (2017)
  127. Bambance-bambance daban-daban a cikin ilmantarwa na ilmantarwa da haɓakawa a cikin mahallin jaraba na intanit da Intanit Gaming Disorder a ƙarƙashin la'akari da jinsi (2017)
  128. Sabbin abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin bincike na kwakwalwa na yanar gizo da kuma matsalar cinikayya (2017)
  129. Ƙungiyoyi tsakanin yiwuwar bayyanar cututtuka da sauye-sauyewa a cikin marasa lafiya tare da labarun labaran Intanet: Wani nazarin EEG mai zurfi (2017)
  130. Maɓallin amsawa da Intanit Game da Gaming: Meta-Analysis (2017)
  131. Hanyar da ba a iya yin amfani da shi ba a lokacin da ake yanke shawarar yanke shawara a cikin mutane tare da rikici na Intanet (2017)
  132. Daidaita tsakanin yanayin yanayi da haɗin aiki aiki a cikin hanyar sadarwar da aka rigaya ta iya bambanta matsalar labarun Intanet daga magungunan lafiya (2017)
  133. Hanyoyin haɗin kai a cikin labarun cin labaran Intanet da kuma shan barasa: Cibiyar nazarin daidaituwa ta EEG mai zaman kanta (2017)
  134. Tsarin gine-ginen da ke cikin magungunan na farko yana jaddada dangantakar dake tsakanin rikici ta yanar gizo da kuma halin da ake ciki (2017)
  135. Binciken fasali na mai tantancewa na tantance halitta don labarun labaran yanar gizo a cikin samari na Koriya (2017)
  136. Gudanar da hankali tare da lalacewar asarar cin hanci da rashawa a yanar gizo: Sakamako daga kwatanta da masu amfani da yanar gizo masu amfani (2017)
  137. Daidaitawar Electroencephalography (EEG) Haɗaka tsakanin Babban Mawuyacin Cutar (UN) ba tare da Comorbidity da MDD ba tare da labaran Intanet (2017)
  138. Ƙaddar yanke shawara, yanke shawara mai ƙyama, da kuma yanke shawarar yanke shawara game da lalacewa ta yanar gizo (2017)
  139. Rashin kulawa da maganganun fatar jiki a cikin Mutum tare da Intanit Gaming Gaming (2017).
  140. Canja ƙarar hippocampal da haɗin aiki aiki a maza tare da labarun cinikayyar Intanit kwatanta ga waɗanda ke shan maganin shan barasa (2017)
  141. Sauya daidaituwa na tsoho-yanayin, sassaucin-iko da kuma salivan cibiyoyin sadarwa a cikin layin Intanet na Intanet (2017)
  142. Bambanci a haɗin aikin haɗin gwanon farko tsakanin masu shan taba da masu dogara da nicotine da kuma mutane tare da labarun labaran yanar gizo (2017)
  143. Ayyukan Brain Da Suka Sauya Aiki tare da Kwarewa da Cue Reactivity a cikin Mutane tare da Intanit Gaming Disorder: Shaida daga kwatanta tare da Masu amfani da Yanar Gizo Masu Nishaɗi (2017)
  144. Imfani da wasanni na bidiyo akan filastik na hippocampus (2017)
  145. Hanyoyin da ke tattare da labaran da ke tattare da bayanai a cikin labarun cinikayyar yanar gizo da kuma rashin amfani da barasa wanda aka ƙaddara ta hanyar yiwuwar abubuwan da suka faru (2017)
  146. Fitaccen Wasanni na Bidiyo a Cikin Jarida Matashi: Tsarin Gudanar da Ƙungiyar Shafin Farko a Wasanni Game da Addicts kamar yadda aka kwatanta da Ƙididdigar Lafiya ta Daidai (2017)
  147. Hanyoyin watsa labaru na yau da kullum game da daidaitattun tsarin kirkirar kwayar halitta da ke damuwa da impulsivity a matasan da ke cikin labaran yanar gizo (2017)
  148. Wani Bayani na Ayyukan Tsarin Gida a cikin Wasan Wasanni na Wasanni (2017)
  149. Rukunin ƙungiyar masu zaman kansu na rukuni ya nuna sauyawa na cibiyar sadarwa mai kulawa ta hanyar sadarwa a cikin layin Intanet (2017)
  150. Taimakon bayanan dysfunctional aiki a marasa lafiya tare da labarun cinikayyar Intanit: nazarin ERP binciken watannin 6 watau (2017)
  151. Matsalar abu mai launin toka da damuwa da matasan matasa tare da labarun labaran Intanet (2017)
  152. Ɗaukaka Ɗaukaka a kan Bayanan Hoto na Intanet na Intanet (2017)
  153. Daidaita kwakwalwa ta haɗuwa tsakanin matsalar yanar gizo ta caca da kuma labarun wasan kwaikwayo ta intanet: Nazarin farko (2017)
  154. Impulsivity da compulsivity a cikin yanar-gizo cuta cinikayya: A kwatanta da rashin hankali-compulsive cuta da kuma shan barasa amfani da cuta (2017)
  155. Rashin Gyara Ayyukan Saukewa ga Ƙarfin Alamar a cikin Mutum tare da Jirgin Wasanni na Intanit (2017)
  156. Orbitofrontal launin toka-ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a matsayin alamar ƙwayar cinikayyar Intanit: haɗawa da shaidar daga wani ɓangaren giciye da kuma zane na tsawon lokaci (2017)
  157. Samar da kwatankwacin tasirin Bupropion da Escitalopram a kan Wasannin Intanit na Jirgin Intanit a cikin marasa lafiya tare da Major Depressive Disorder (2017)
  158. Ayyukan aiki da kuma tsarin gyare-gyaren haɗin gine-gine a cikin labarun cinikayyar Intanet: Bincike mai mahimmanci da ƙaddamarwa (2017)
  159. Shin gyare-gyaren ƙwayoyin cuta na matsalolin da ke da mawuyacin hali ya canza a cikin buri da ke da nasaba da tasirin kwayar cutar? Binciko daga Drug-Naïve matasa tare da Intanit Cutar Gaming (2017)
  160. Ayyuka na gaba na Dysfunctional An haɗa shi tare da Impulsivity a cikin Mutane tare da Intanit Cutar Gamada a lokacin da yake Rushe Damawa (2017)
  161. Kyakkyawan Neurocognitive na Tripartite na Cibiyar Tsara Ayyukan Intanit (2017)
  162. Abubuwa masu yawa na wasan kwaikwayo na bidiyo da ke kallon talabijin a kan alamomin danniya da kuma abincin abinci a cikin ƙananan yara da ƙananan ƙwararru: Ajin gwajin gwagwarmaya (2018)
  163. Binciken Jirgin Wasannin Gaming a Matasa tare da Intanit Tambaya Ta Amfani da Maganin Bincike na Multimodal (2018)
  164. Ƙwararruwar fahimta da caca kusa-bacewa a cikin Labaran Gamal na Duniya: Nazarin farko (2018)
  165. Canje-canjen Mahimmanci na Ƙasashewa da Dynamic Functional Haɗaɗɗen Ƙungiyar Farko ta Farko a Dandalin Kasuwanci na Ƙarshen Duka a cikin Abubuwan da ke cikin Intanet Game da Yanayin Cutar (2018)
  166. Tambayoyi a cikin giraguni a cikin cingulation na baya da kuma kobitofrontal cortex na matasa tare da labarun cinikin yanar-gizon: Gizon dajin tushen (2018)
  167. Ƙungiyar Brain da ke hulɗa da Intanit Tsarin Yara a Matasa Masu Jina Na Lantarki (2018)
  168. Tsaida MicroRNA Matsayin Magana da aka Haɗa da Ciwon Cutar Gidajen Duniya (2018)
  169. Canjin Canjin Canjin Da Ya Sauya A yayin Ciniki a cikin Intanet Tashin Cutar (2018)
  170. Ƙarƙashin Maɓallin Gishiri da Saukewa da Ƙasashewa a cikin Mutum tare da Intanit Cikin Gidan Cutar Gida: Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Kasuwanci ta Mahimmanci da Saukewa da Sauƙaƙe (2018)
  171. Ƙara Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙwarar Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwayar cuta a Matasan Matasa Tare da Intanit Cikin Gida: Cibiyar Nazarin Morphometric A Gida (2018)
  172. Hanyoyin haɗin gwiwar da ke tattare da jinsi da kuma sha'awar lokacin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma abstinence nan da nan a lokacin hutu na wucin gadi: Abubuwan da suka shafi ci gaba da ci gaba da lalata yanar gizo (2018)
  173. Bupropion ya nuna nau'in haɓaka a kan aikin aiki na Brain Haɗuwa a marasa lafiya Tare da Ciwon Tambaya na Intanit da Intanit na Gamba (2018)
  174. An layi amfani da Intanet na Wasannin Wasannin Intanet tare da Ƙara Haɗin Haɗuwa Tsakanin Tsakanin Yanayin Yanayin da Salient Networks a cikin marasa lafiya da ke ciki tare da gajere na Mai Tsaro na Serotonin Gene (2018)
  175. Matsayin da aka zaba da hankali da haɓakawa a cikin ƙungiyar tsakanin wasan kwaikwayo na bidiyo da zalunci: Wani binciken ERP (2018)
  176. Abun da ke tsakanin Cibiyoyin Intanit da Ƙaddamarwa Game da Intanit: Harkokin Magana da Nassara (2018)
  177. Shaida ta farko na ƙarar ƙararren launin toka a cikin batutuwa da ke cikin labarun labaran yanar gizo: ƙungiyoyi tare da tarihin ƙuruciyar yara - ƙarancin rashin lafiya / cututtukan cututtuka (2018)
  178. Cortical kauri da ƙananan haukarori a cikin labarun cinikayyar Intanit: Shaida daga kwatanta masu amfani da yanar gizo masu amfani da wasanni (2018)
  179. Kwayoyin Neurobiological a Cikin Gidan Cutar Gidan Cutar Gida: Wani Nazari na Labarai (2018)
  180. Harkokin zamantakewar al'umma na wasan kwaikwayon na intanet da lafiya (2018)
  181. Canje-canje na Tsayawa Tsakanin Aiki tare da Ciwon Kwayoyin Intanit Ta Hanyar Saduwa da Kasuwanci: Cibiyar Harkokin Coerence ta EEG mai Saukewa.
  182. Rage Ciwon Gluran Glutamate a cikin Maɗaukakiyar Ma'aikata da Intanit Gaming Disorder: Nazarin Pilot (2018)
  183. Yanayin Saukewa na Harkokin Yanayi na Gabatarwa a Intanit Game da Cikin Gida: Canje-canje tare da Harkokin Ƙarƙashin Ƙwararrun Ƙwararri da Masu Mahimmancin Maganin Jiyya (2018)
  184. Shirye-shiryen Gine-gizen Tsarin Kasuwanci a Mutum Tare da Intanit Cikin Gidan Cutar Gida: Nazarin MRI na Ayyuka (2018)
  185. Nuna Bambancin Bincike da Harkokin Labaran Duniya Ba Amfani da Dabbobi Masu amfani da Harshen Sparse Neuroanatomical (2018)
  186. Bambance-bambance daban-daban a cikin ilmantarwa na ilmantarwa da haɓakawa a cikin mahallin jaraba na intanit da Intanit Gaming Disorder a ƙarƙashin la'akari da jinsi (2018)
  187. Bambance-bambance-jima'i a cikin ayyukan gine-gine na kasa-da-kasa na gyare-gyare a cikin yanar gizo (2018)
  188. An haɗu da Jirgin Jirgin Intanit tare da Canji na Haɗin Haɗin Farko-Ƙara A yayin Ayyukan Feedback Processing (2018)
  189. Edita: Harsoyin Neural Gidajen Labaran Intanet (2018)
  190. Canjin Canjin Zuciya Mai Sauƙi A lokacin Wasanni a Intanit Cikin Gidan Cutar Gida: Yanayin Yanayin Aiki (2018)
  191. Ƙididdigar Neural na Bayyana Bincike na Intanet zuwa Shafukan Intanit a Intanit: Tasirin ERP (2018)
  192. Ƙananan yankuna na Cingulation Cortex Form Shahararren Haɗin Haɗin Haɗaka A Yanayin Matasa Tare da Intanit Tambaya Tare da Taɗuwar Comorbid (2018)
  193. Abubuwan da ke da alaka tsakanin maza da mata dangane da wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayo kafin da bayan wasan kwaikwayon: Abubuwan da za a iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa ga jinsi-jinsi zuwa ga labarun labaran Intanet (2018)
  194. Canje-canje a cikin haɗin da ke tattare da kwakwalwa ta hanyar kwakwalwa ta yanar gizo (2018)
  195. Zana taswirar cinikayyar intanet ta amfani da haɗuwa mai tasiri: Ɗaukar nazarin samfurori na musamman (2018)
  196. Saukakawa na yau da kullum ga masu cin layi na yanar gizo: Aikin nazarin yiwuwa guda daya (2018)
  197. Ma'aurata sun fi damuwa ga labarun labaran Intanet fiye da maza: Shaida daga nauyin haɗari maras nauyi (2018)
  198. Ƙungiyar halittu ta mutumtaka Corticotropin-Receptor Receptor Acceptor 1 (CRHR1) tare da cin zarafi na yanar-gizon a cikin 'yan mata maza na Korean (2018)
  199. Abubuwan da ke da dangantaka tsakanin maza da mata a cikin abubuwan da ake ciki a cikin labarun cinikayyar Intanit: Abubuwan da aka lalacewa (2018)
  200. Rikici a wasan bidiyon yana haifar da ƙaddamarwa na yankuna na yanci da na gida don mayar da martani ga siffofin hada kan jama'a (2018)
  201. Ƙididdiga ta Psychophysiological na Game Addicts da Non-Addicts ta hanyar Samar da Bayanan Labari tare da Bayanin EEG (2018)
  202. Ƙungiya tsakanin tsangwama na wasan kwaikwayo na intanet da kuma tsawon lokaci na telomere a cikin 'yan mata na Koriya (2018)
  203. Amfani da lentils da ake yi da sha'awar da ake yi a lokacin wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayon yana haɗuwa da fitowar rashin lafiyar Intanet (2019)
  204. Ayyukan Neurophysiology na Tsarin Zuciya a matsayin Mai Mahimmanci a cikin marasa lafiya tare da Intanit Gaming: Cibiyar Harkokin Coherence ta Jihar Edo (2019)
  205. Hanyoyin amsawa ta Brain a yayin hutuwar motsa jiki na iya hango hadarin sake dawowa a cikin labarun labaran yanar gizo: Nazarin bincike na tsawon lokaci (2019)
  206. Bayanan labaran da ke cikin launi na Intanet sunyi damuwa ta hanyar labarun labarun intanet a kananan yara Korean (2019)
  207. Cibiyar kwakwalwar kwakwalwa ta canzawa a cikin labarun labaran Intanet: ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da kuma zane-zane ta hanyar bincike mai yiwuwa (2019)
  208. Canje-canje a cikin cibiyoyin aiki a yayin da ake amsawa a cikin layin Intanet (2019)
  209. Meta-ƙididdigar gyare-gyare na gyaran ƙananan ayyuka a cikin batutuwa da ke cikin labarun cinikayyar Intanit: Abubuwan da suka dace da bambancin bambance-bambance daban-daban (2019)
  210. Tsarukan Amsoshin Tsarin Kasuwanci da Yin Yin Nuna Tsarin Mulki a Masu amfani da Alcohol da Wasanni na Duniya (2019)
  211. Hypometabolism da kuma canza haɗuwa da juna a cikin marasa lafiya tare da labarun cinikayya na intanet da shan barasa (2019)
  212. Bincike da Ƙididdigar Ƙididdiga Game da Cutar Gida: Yanayin Neurocognitive da Neurobiological (2019)
  213. Rashin hankali mai banƙyama da kulawa mai hanawa yayin aiki na anti-saccade a cikin marasa lafiya da rashin lafiyar wasan caca ta yanar gizo: Nazarin bin diddigin ido (2019)
  214. Mu'amala tsakanin Maƙasassun ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin marasa lafiya da matsalar rashin caca ta yanar gizo: Nazarin bambancin ƙimar zuciya da haɗewar jijiyoyin jiki ta amfani da tsarin ƙira mai tsara hoto (2019)
  215. Ikon fahimta na rashin kulawa da aiki da lada a cikin samari da matsalar rashin caca ta yanar gizo (2019)
  216. Nazarin-jihar fMRI Nazarin ADHD da Rashin Tsarin Wasannin Yanar gizo (2019)
  217. Inarancin Ayyukan Hoto na Fati a yayin Wasanni a Matasa tare da Rashin Tsarin Wasannin Yanar gizo (2019)
  218. Dangantaka tsakanin Ramalar Wasan Kwallon Intanet tare da Ciwo mai Rashin damuwa da Yanayin jigilar Dopamine a cikin Wasannin Wasan Kwallon Kaya ta yanar gizo (2019)
  219. Canza ayyukan kwakwalwa da ke da alaƙa da sake kunnawa yayin tasirin tilastawa cikin batutuwan da ke tattare da caca ta yanar gizo (2019)
  220. Ictionarfafa jaraba yana daidaita ainihin rikicewar rikice-rikicen intanet: Ayyuka, ƙwaƙwalwa da ingantaccen haɗi (2019)
  221. Nazarin farko na rushe cibiyar sadarwa mai aiki a cikin mutane da ke da matsala ta caca ta yanar gizo: Shaida daga kwatankwacin masu amfani da wasan nishaɗi (2019)
  222. Canje-canje na yanayin motsa jiki da kuma sauya haɗin cortical-subcortical haɗin haɗin gwiwa wanda ya danganta da farfadowa daga raunin wasan yanar gizo (2019)
  223. Dorsal striatal aiki tare da canje-canje a cikin matsalar caca na Intanet: Nazarin tsaffin maganadisu na maganadisu mai mahimmanci (2019)
  224. Canjin ginin kwakwalwa a cikin samari maza na jarabar wasan-bidiyo (2020)
  225. Rashin Tsarin Bidiyo na Bidiyo da Jihohin Motsa Jiki: Wataƙila rikice-rikice Tsakanin Raha da Farin Ciki? (2020)
  226. Shin ana canza ladan kuɗi don samarwa a cikin matasa na masu shan muggan kwayoyi tare da jaraba na halayyar? Nemo daga rashin lafiyar caca ta yanar gizo (2020)
  227. Canji a cikin Haɗin Amygdala a cikin Rashin Tsarin Intanet na Intanet (2020)

Sashe na Uku: Hanyoyin Intanit / Hoto na Intanit Yin Nuna Hanyar Cusanci:

Karatuttukan daga lissafin da ke sama sun biyo bayanan yanar gizo ta hanyar dawowa. Duk sun ba da rahoton * juyawa * na wasu alamomin alamomi & alamomin:

  1. Hanyoyin electroacupuncture hade da halayyar kwakwalwa akan aiki da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da suka shafi P300 da mismatch negativity a cikin marasa lafiya tare da intanet (2012)
  2. Ƙwararrun ƙwararre na sha'awar yin amfani da layi a kan layi a karkashin layi a cikin batutuwa tare da jita-jita na yanar-gizon Intanit da kuma cikin batutuwa da aka zartar da su. (2011)
  3. Canjin P300 da farfadowa na halayen halayen a cikin batutuwa tare da rashin jituwa ta Intanit: Binciken nazarin bin 3 watau (2011)
  4. Cibiyar ta Gaskiya ta Gaskiya ta Intanet (2014)
  5. Hanyoyin sha'awar halayyar hali a kan ƙananan ƙananan hanyoyi na sha'awar da ake ciki a cikin layin Intanet (2016)
  6. Canje-canje na ingancin rayuwa da aiki na zuciya a cikin mutane tare da labarun cinikin Intanet: Tsarin 6 watau (2016)
  7. Hanyoyin electro-acupuncture haɗe tare da haɗakarwa a hankali akan bayyanar cututtuka da kuma P50 na rashin lafiyar mai kwakwalwa a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon intanet (2017)
  8. Ƙwarewar Facebook: Kashe Facebook kai zuwa Matsayin Kwarewa (2016) Mafi Girma
  9. Hanyar binciken acupuncture ta Electro-intanet: Shaida na daidaituwa na rikitarwa a cikin matasa (2017)
  10. Yanayin Saukewa na Harkokin Yanayi na Gabatarwa a Intanit Game da Cikin Gida: Canje-canje tare da Harkokin Ƙarƙashin Ƙwararrun Ƙwararri da Masu Mahimmancin Maganin Jiyya (2018)
  11. Saukakawa na yau da kullum ga masu cin layi na yanar gizo: Aikin nazarin yiwuwa guda daya (2018)
  12. Hanyoyin amsawa ta Brain a yayin hutuwar motsa jiki na iya hango hadarin sake dawowa a cikin labarun labaran yanar gizo: Nazarin bincike na tsawon lokaci (2019)
  13. Nazarin-jihar fMRI Nazarin ADHD da Rashin Tsarin Wasannin Yanar gizo (2019)
  14. Canje-canje na yanayin motsa jiki da kuma sauya haɗin cortical-subcortical haɗin haɗin gwiwa wanda ya danganta da farfadowa daga raunin wasan yanar gizo (2019)
  15. Dorsal striatal aiki tare da canje-canje a cikin matsalar caca na Intanet: Nazarin tsaffin maganadisu na maganadisu mai mahimmanci (2019)

Hanyoyi sun haɗa da kawar da yin amfani da batsa / internet; tantance masu amfani a tsawon lokaci; tantance wadanda ba masu amfani ba bayan amfani.

  1. Sadarwar yanar-gizon, amfani da yanar-gizon amfani, da kuma zaman lafiyar al'umma tsakanin matasa: Nazarin bincike. (2008)
  2. Ƙaramar 'yan yara' Bayyanawa ga Jirgin Intanit na Intanit da Jima'i Satisfaction: Nazarin Tsare-tsaren (2009)
  3. Hanyoyin Amfani da Harshen Intanit akan Ƙungiyar Rawan Karancin Lafiya (2010)
  4. Mai gabatarwa ko Sequela: Raunin cututtuka a cikin mutanen da ke da layin Intanet (2011)
  5. Ƙaunar da ba ta ƙare ba: batsa da kwarewar da aka yi wa ɗayan abokin tarayya (2012)
  6. Masu cin zarafin Intanet suna hulɗa da wata matsala mai ban tausayi amma ba ta da wata mummunan hali (2013)
  7. Matsayin da ake ciki na rashin tausayi, rashin jituwa, da jin dadin jama'a a cikin hanyar yanar gizo na jaraba tsakanin matasa: Wani nazari mai yiwuwa (2014)
  8. Yarar matasan yara da suka shafi hotuna na intanet: Abubuwan hulɗa da labarun zamani, neman abin da ake bukata, da kuma ilimin kimiyya (2014)
  9. Ayyukan masturbatory na yau da kullum a matsayin mawuyacin hali na ilimin lissafi da kuma kula da lalatawa a cikin samari (2014)
  10. Kasuwanci Daga baya Kyauta ga abubuwan da ke sha'awa a yanzu: Abinda ke ciki da batsa da kuma jinkirta ba da kyauta (2015)
  11. Jami'ai na kiwon lafiya da masana kimiyya a Swansea sun sami sabon shaida cewa yin amfani da yanar gizo mai zurfi zai iya haifar da matsalolin kula da tunanin tunanin mutum (2015)
  12. Halin namiji na al'ada da jima'i (2016)
  13. Shin Intanit Intanit yana haifar da Dysfunctions? Wani Nazari tare da Rahotanni na Clinical (2016)
  14. Aikin Dark na Intanit Amfani: Biyu Nazarin Tsarin Layi na Amfani da Intanet Mai Girma, Damarar Mutuwar Dama, Makarantar Makaranta da Haɗuwa tsakanin Matasan Farko da Farfesa (2016)
  15. Shin kallon talabijin yana rage yawancin auren lokaci? Shaida daga Bayanan Tsare Tsarin (2016)
  16. Har Yawan Yawan Yana Zamu Rarraba? Hanyoyin Tsaro na Abubuwan Hulɗa a kan Saki, (2016)
  17. Amfani da Abstinence Brief for Modifying Matsala na yanar gizo Gaming Cognitions da Behaviors (2017)
  18. Yin Cire Guda a Cikin Matsalar Tsarin Wasannin ɗalibai na Kwalejin Ameliorating: Yin Karatu na Longitudinal (2017)
  19. Sauye-sauye na farfadowa daban-daban bayan shafukan intanit a mafi yawan masu amfani da intanet (2017)
  20. Rashin dangantaka tsakanin yanar-gizon Intanet da Harkokin Kasuwancin Malada tsakanin Cibiyar Kwalejin Kwalejin Sinanci: Harshen Gizon Cikin Gida na Longitudinal (2017)
  21. Dangantaka, damuwa, da ƙwarewa a cikin ɗalibai a jami'a: A binciken nazarin giciye (2017)
  22. Ƙungiyar tsakanin yara da rashin kulawar rashin hankali na rashin kulawa da cutar cututtukan cututtuka a cikin samari na Koriya da ciwon yanar gizo (2017)
  23. Masu bincike na Montreal sun sami hanyar 1 a tsakanin wasanni na harbe, asarar abu mai launin fata a hippocampus (2017)
  24. Shan Facebook a darajar fuska: me yasa amfani da kafofin watsa labarun zai iya haifar da rashin hankali (2017)
  25. Orbitofrontal launin toka-ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a matsayin alamar ƙwayar cinikayyar Intanit: haɗawa da shaidar daga wani ɓangaren giciye da kuma zane na tsawon lokaci (2017)
  26. Sakamakon Shirin Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Kiwon Lafiya: Amfani da Intanit (2017)
  27. Masanan binciken asibiti na wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayon a cikin masu taimakawa masu neman matsala masu neman taimako (2018)
  28. Abubuwan da ke tsakanin lafiya, matsala, da kuma amfani da Intanet game da abubuwan da suka shafi comorbidities da halayyar mutum (2018)
  29. Hanyoyin ilimin lissafin ilimin lissafi da kuma tunanin halayen lokaci akan yara da matasa: nazarin wallafe-wallafe da nazarin shari'ar (2018)
  30. Amfani da Intanet na Yarar, Abun Hulɗa da Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa: Tattaunawa daga Binciken Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki (2018)
  31. Ƙuntataccen Wayar Wayar Kira da Tsarinta akan Tsarin Gudanar da Maɗaukaki Game da Shi (2018)
  32. Shin "tilasta haɓaka" daga wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayon zuwa batsa? Binciken daga misalin watan Afrilu 2018 na asusun Fortnite (2018)
  33. Shin Wasanni na Wasanni a Ƙofar Kasuwanci? Nazarin Tsira da Nazarin Nazarin Nazarin Norwegian Sample (2018)
  34. Dangantakar da ke tsakanin tsangwannin yanar gizo da kuma rashin tausayi a tsakanin matasa matasa na kasar Sin (2018)
  35. Kyau mai Lafiya don Amfani da Intanit na Hankali (2018)
  36. Yin gwaji da dangantaka tsakanin yanar-gizon yanar-gizon intanet da ingantaccen jin dadi a Hongkong Matasa: Nazarin Labaran Labaran Da aka Yi a kan Waves of Data (2018)
  37. Ƙungiyar Ƙunƙyuwa da Salon Farko na Farko: Ƙwararren cututtuka na neurobehavioral mimicking nakasassu na mahallin autism (2018)
  38. Aiki Ba tare da Amfani da Harkokin Jadawali: Sakamako daga Nazarin Harkokin Tsarin Lantarki na Lafiya Tsarin Yin amfani da wayoyin salula (2018)
  39. Babu Karin FOMO: Rage Rukunin Yanar Gizo na Ƙarƙashin Rashin Lafiya da Dama (2018)
  40. Nazarin Labaran Labaran Ƙaddamar da Harkokin Harkokin Wasanni na Bidiyo, Jima'i, da Lafiya na Mutuwar (2018)
  41. Ƙananan hanzari daga shafukan sadarwar yanar gizon yanar gizon ya rage rage damuwa, musamman ma masu amfani da yawa (2018)
  42. Ƙungiyoyi na Bidirectional tsakanin Tsarin Cikin Gida da Mutum Mai Rahoto Da Adult Kuna Lalacewar Yanayin Harkokin Harkokin Harkokin Kifi: Shaida Daga Samari na Matasan Suratun Yamma (2018)
  43. Amfani da lentils da ake yi da sha'awar da ake yi a lokacin wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayon yana haɗuwa da fitowar rashin lafiyar Intanet (2019)
  44. Magungunan kafofin watsa labarun da zamantakewa tsakanin mata tsakanin Iran da mata: Matsayin da ke tattare da zumunci da taimakon jama'a (2019)
  45. Yin hutu: Abinda ke ɗaukar hutu daga Facebook da Instagram a kan zaman lafiya (2019)
  46. Shawarwarin kwanciyar hankali na alamomin tabin hankali tare da jarabar intanet a ɗaliban kwaleji: Nazarin mai zuwa (2019)
  47. Dangantaka mai mahimmanci tsakanin ɓacin rai da rashin lafiyar caca ta yanar gizo a cikin yara: Bincike na watanni 12 na nazarin iCURE ta amfani da ƙididdigar hanyar da ba ta dace ba (2019)
  48. Drawace Cutar Ciki Daga cikin Collean Wasan Kwallan Yanar Gizo na Amurka (2020)