MAFUNSO: Kafukufuku wa amuna olankhula Chifalansa (m'munsimu) adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito ya erectile ndikuchepetsa kukhutira kwathunthu pakugonana. Komabe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula anali ndi zilakolako zambiri. Kafukufukuyu akuwoneka kuti akunenanso zakukula, popeza amuna 49% adawona zolaula zomwe "sizinali zosangalatsa kwa iwo kapena kuti iwo ankaona kuti zonyansa. ” Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, 20.3% ya omwe atenga nawo mbali adati zomwe zimawachititsa zolaula "kuti ndikhalebe wokondana ndi mnzanga. ” (Rob Weiss amachita ntchito yabwino ya kusanthula phunziro ili.)
Chidziwitso: Ma OSA ndi 'zochitika zogonana pa intaneti', zomwe zimatanthauza zolaula kwa 99% ya omwe adayankha. Chidule:
"Zotsatira zinawonetsa kuti chilakolako chogonana chochuluka, kuchepetsa kukhutitsidwa kwa kugonana, komanso kuchepa kwa erectile kunayanjanitsidwa ndi OSA zovuta. Deta yamakono ikuwonetsa kuti amuna omwe ali ndi mavuto okhudzidwa ndi OSA angakhale ndi chilakolako chachikulu chogonana chomwe chikhoza kukhala chogwirizana ndi chitukuko chochita zogonana komanso zingathe kufotokoza mbali zina zovuta kuti zithetse vutoli. Izi Zotsatira zingathe kugwirizanitsidwa ndi omwe a maphunziro apitalo omwe amalembera zapamwamba zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere (Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004; Laier et al., 2013; Muise et al., 2013). "
Zotsatira izi zimagwirizana bwino ndi zochitika za amuna omwe ali ndi zolaula zomwe zimapangitsa ED: zolakalaka kapena zofuna, komabe zowonongeka komanso kukhutira ndi erectile kusagwirizana ndi enieni. N'zosadabwitsa kuti, 20.3% mwa omwe atenga nawo mbali adati cholinga chawo china chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula chinali "kupitiliza kukondana ndi wokondedwa wanga."
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, potsiriza timakhala ndi phunziro lomwe limapempha ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula za kutheka kwa kukula kwa mitundu yambiri yolaula. Tangoganizirani zomwe zapeza?
"Anthu makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu asanu ndi anayi pa zana amatchula nthawi zina kufunafuna zachiwerewere kapena kutenga nawo mbali mu OSA zomwe sizinali zosangalatsa kwa iwo kale kapena kuti zimawoneka ngati zonyansa, ndipo 61.7% adanena kuti nthawi zina ma OSA anali kuchita manyazi kapena kudzimva ngati olakwa."
Ophunzirawo adanenanso zakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula "zachilendo kapena zosokonekera". Chidule:
"Chodziwikiratu ndichakuti ngakhale zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti zolaula zambiri zomwe amuna amafunafuna ndizachikhalidwe" (mwachitsanzo, kugonana, nyini, mkamwa ndi kumatako, makanema okonda), okhala ndi zofanizira komanso zachilendo (mwachitsanzo, fetishism, masochism / sadism Kufufuzidwa pafupipafupi, zolaula zomwe zimawonedwa ngati "zachilendo" kapena "zosokonekera" zidafufuzidwa pafupipafupi (achinyamata, 67.7%; gulu logonana / gulu, 43.2%; kukwapula, 22.2%; bukkake, 18.2%; ndi akapolo , 15.9%). ”
Kafukufukuyu adanenanso za "zovuta zolaula" pakati pa omwe atenga nawo mbali. Dziwani kuti njira zofufuzira ndi (1) kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula m'miyezi yapitayi ya 3, ndi (2) amuna olankhula Chifalansa.
"Pomaliza, 27.6% yazitsanzo adadziyesa okha momwe amagwiritsira ntchito OSA ngati zovuta. Mwa iwo (n 118), 33.9% adaganizapo zopempha thandizo kwa ma OSA awo. ”
Mapeto a ofufuzawa amalimbikitsa mapangidwe owerengera omwe amawonetsa ubale pakati pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zakugonana ndi zovuta zakugonana:
"Kafukufuku wamtsogolo akuyenera kufufuzanso zomwe zingayambitse chiwopsezo pakukula ndi kukonza zovuta zomwe amuna amakhala nazo mu OSA. Makamaka, kuwunika kwa zovuta zakugonana kumawoneka ngati njira yosangalatsa yofufuzira. Zowonadi, maphunziro amtsogolo amafunikira kuti mumvetsetse bwino kulumikizana kovuta pakati pazikhalidwe zogonana pa intaneti komanso pa intaneti. Mpaka pano, kugwiritsa ntchito ma OSA pamavuto kumapangidwa mozama pamakhalidwe olowerera osaganizira za OSAs, kapena mawonekedwe owonekera a magwiritsidwe ntchito ovuta. Mwachitsanzo, kuyankhulana kwamakhalidwe abwino kungakhale njira yofunikira kumvetsetsa zochitika za vuto la OSA. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo akuyeneranso kuchitidwa ndi zitsanzo zamankhwala, moganizira mitundu yaposachedwa kwambiri ya ma OSA monga masewera azakugonana a 3D okhudzana ndi kumiza ndi kusewera. ”
Makompyuta Makhalidwe Aumunthu
Volume 56, March 2016, masamba 257-266
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Kudalirika
Kuphatikizidwa muzochitika zogonana pa intaneti (OSA) ndizofala, makamaka kwa amuna, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta. Zowonjezera zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi OSA zovuta zimakhalabe, komabe, zimafufuzidwa bwino. Kafukufuku wamakono akufuna kufufuza makhalidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso zolinga za abambo kuti azichita nawo ma OSA komanso kusokoneza zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto a OSA. Pofika pamapeto pake, amuna a 434 adatsiriza kufufuza pa intaneti poyesa chidziwitso cha anthu komanso chiwerengero cha anthu, zizoloŵezi za OSA zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zolinga zochita nawo ma OSA, zizindikiro za OSA zovuta, ndi zovuta za kugonana.
Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti kuyang'ana zolaula ndi OSA yofala kwambiri, komanso kukondweretsa kugonana ndilo cholinga chachikulu chokhudzidwa ndi OSA. Zowonjezereka zowonongeka kafukufuku zimasonyeza kuti zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mavuto a OSA: (a) ntchito zogawanika (mwachitsanzo, kukambirana za kugonana) ndi ntchito zodzipatula (mwachitsanzo, zolaula); (b) zosadziwika zozizwitsa ndi zowonongeka; ndipo (c) chilakolako chogonana chokwanira, kuchepetsa kugwirizanitsa kugonana konse, ndi ntchito yotsika erectile.
Phunziroli likutithandiza kumvetsetsa makhalidwe, zolinga, ndi kugonana kwa amuna omwe akugwira nawo ntchito ku OSA, kutsindika kuti ma OSA ovutawo ndi ofanana ndipo amadalira zinthu zogwirizana. Zomwe anapezazi zikuthandizira kutsata njira zothandizira komanso njira zothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la OSA komanso mavuto omwe ali nawo.
Keywords: Zochitika zogonana pa Intaneti; Kugonana ndi amuna okhaokha; Zovuta zogonana pa Intaneti; Cholinga; Kulephera kugonana
Zithunzi zochokera ku phunziroli
Zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi vuto la kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa OSA zidakondwereranso. Makamaka, zifukwa ziwiri zomwe zingakhale ndi mbali yofunikira pa chitukuko ndi kukonza zovuta zogwiritsa ntchito sizinayambe kufufuzidwa: (a) zifukwa zomwe zimayendetsa ntchito ku OSA ndi (b) kupezeka kwa zovuta zogonana (mwachitsanzo, kusowa kwa munthu kuti adziwe chilakolako cha kugonana, chisangalalo, ndi / kapena kugonana, kapena kuti akwaniritse zokhudzana ndi kugonana panthawi yoyenera).
Mpaka lero, maphunziro saperewera omwe afotokoza mbali yokhudzana ndi kugonana (mwachitsanzo, matenda a erectile kapena orgasmic) pakuyambika kwa OSA zovuta. Komabe, zina zoterezi zimachokera ku maphunziro angapo omwe amasonyeza kufunika kokondweretsa kugonana kapena kukondwerera kugonana mu OSA zovuta.. Inde, Brand et al. (2011) inanena za mgwirizano pakati pa zionetsero za kugonana pa nthawi yoonera zolaula pa Intaneti ndikudziwonetsera zovuta za OSA zovuta. Mu phunziro lina, Laier, Pawlikowski, Pekal, Schulte, ndi Brand (2013) adatsindika kuti zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi chilakolako cha OSA zimakhudzana ndi kugonana kwakukulu, kukhumba, ndi kukakamiza kugonana chifukwa cha zolaula. Zotsatirazi zikuthandizira kuganizira zokwanira za OSA zovuta, momwe kulimbikitsana kolimbikitsana komwe kumayenderana ndi OSA kumabweretsa chitukuko cha chidziwitso chokhudzidwa ndi chilakolako (ie, kuthamanga) poyenderana ndi kutchuka kwa OSA zovuta. Bancroft ndi Vukadinovic (2004) anapeza, mwa chitsanzo cha 31 osadziwika "oledzera" omwe ali ndi chiwerengero chapamwamba chachisokonezo cha kugonana (mwachitsanzo, kukakamiza) kusiyana ndi momwe otsogolera amachitira, pamene magulu awiriwa sanali osiyana ndi machitidwe oletsa kugonana ( mwachitsanzo, kulepheretsedwa chifukwa choopseza kugwira ntchito ndi kulephera chifukwa choopseza zotsatira za ntchito). Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wa Muise, Milhausen, Cole, ndi Graham (2013) adafufuzira zomwe zimachitika poletsa kugonana ndi chilakolako cha kugonana, poyesa kugwirizana pakati pa zizindikiro zoletsedwa (zomwe zimawonetsa nkhaŵa yaikulu panthawi ya kugonana) ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa amuna, koma osati mwa akazi. Phunziroli linasonyezanso kuti popanda kudziimira payekha, chikhalidwe chokwanira (chotsitsimuka kuti chichoke ku zochitika zosiyanasiyana za kugonana) chinkagwirizana ndi msinkhu wapamwamba wogonana.
Mosasamala kanthu za kachitidwe kafukufuku kafukufuku wamakono, tikhoza kupanga malingaliro angapo potsatira mafukufuku apitalo. Choyamba, monga zitsanzozi zikuphatikizapo amuna, tikuyembekeza kuti ntchito zodzikweza zokha zingapindulike poyerekeza ndi ntchito zowonjezera. Chachiwiri, tinkayembekezera kuti zolinga zazikulu zogwirira ntchito ku OSA zingakhale zokhudzana ndi chilakolako chogonana, kukakamiza kugonana, kudodometsa / kumasuka, malamulo a maganizo, ndi maphunziro / chithandizo. Pakati pazifukwazi, tinaneneratu kuti malamulo okhudzidwa ndi chidwi ndi ma OSA omwe angapezeke pa intaneti angakhale okhudzana ndi OSA zovuta. Chachitatu, tinkaganiza kuti kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kovuta kungagwirizane ndi msinkhu wopambana / chilakolako ndi zovuta zambiri zogonana (mwachitsanzo, erectile ndi / kapena orgasmic disorder).
- Njira zowonjezera zinali kukhala munthu wolankhula Chifalansa, zaka zapakati pa 18 kapena zakale, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito OSA pamwezi yapitayi ya 3.
- Zaka zenizeni za chitsanzocho ndi zaka 29.5 (SD ¼ 9.5; 18e72). 59% adanena kukhala mu chibwenzi chokhazikika, ndipo 89.2% adanena kuti akugonana.
- OSA yodziwika kwambiri inali "kuyang'ana zolaula" (99%), wotsatiridwa ndi "kufufuza" (67.7%) ndi "kuwerenga malangizo opatsirana pogonana" (66.2%).
- Phunziro lomwe likuchitika, ambiri mwa anthuwa anali achinyamata akuluakulu omwe amagonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha omwe amakhala nawo paubwenzi wolimba omwe anali ndi maphunziro apamwamba. Zotsatira zimasonyeza kuti anthu ambiri omwe anafunsidwa akugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zotsatira za maphunziro apitalo
- Mitundu yayikulu yokhutirapo (mwachitsanzo, kwa omwe adayankha kuti akhale "osakondera" kapena "okondweretsedwa kwambiri"; n 396 chifukwa chosowa chidziwitso) anali kugonana (87.9%), kugonana kwachinsinsi (77.8%), mavidiyo amateur (72%), wachinyamata (67.7%), ndi kugonana kwa abambo (56.3%)
Makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu asanu ndi atatu atchulidwa nthawi zina nthawi zina pofuna kugonana kapena kuchita nawo ma OSA omwe sankawasangalatsanso kale kapena kuti amawaona ngati onyansa, ndipo 61.7% adanena kuti nthawi zina OSA ankakhala ndi manyazi kapena kudzimva chisoni. Potsirizira pake, 27.6% ya chitsanzocho anadzipenda kuti akugwiritsa ntchito OSA monga vuto. Pakati pa iwo (n 118), 33.9% ankaganiza kuti apemphe thandizo la akatswiri pa ma OSA awo
Tinaganiza zochotsa "kulankhulana ndi ogwira ntchito za kugonana" pofufuza, chifukwa khalidweli lidawerengedwa ndi anthu ochepa chabe (5.6%) ndipo motero sichiyimira muzitsanzo zomwe zikuchitika poyerekeza ndi ma OSA ena
Zolemba zitatu zosiyana zowonongeka zinalembedwa kuti ziwonetsere kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (pogwiritsa ntchito s-IAT-sex1) potsata mitundu itatu yaziopsezo: (a) mitundu ya OSA (zitatu), (b) zolinga zogwiritsira ntchito OSA ( zosiyana zisanu ndi chimodzi), ndi (c) zovuta zogonana (zosiyana zisanu).
Kufufuza kwachitatu kuwonetsa kuti chilakolako chogonana chochuluka, kuchepetsa kugonana kwachigonjetso, ndi kuchepa kwa erectile kumatanthawuza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kovuta kwa OSA.
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kwa OSA kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi mtundu wochitidwa ntchito (ntchito zolekanitsa ndi zochitika zodzipatula), zolinga zenizeni (zowonongeka kwa maganizo ndi zosadziwika zozizwitsa), ndi kugonana kosayenera (chilakolako chogonana, kukhutira kwa kugonana, ndi kugwira ntchito yochepa) .Kafukufuku wambiri wowonongeka anasonyeza kuti mwazifukwazi, zolinga zogwirira ntchito ku OSA zinkakhudzana kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zowononga.
Chodziwika ndi chakuti ngakhale zotsatira zawonetsa kuti zolaula zambiri zofufuzidwa ndi amuna ndizo "zachikhalidwe" (mwachitsanzo, kugonana kwa abambo, kugonana ndi kugonana kwa anam, mavidiyo amateur), ndi ma paraphilic ndi zachilendo (mwachitsanzo, fetishism, masochism / sadism) pokhala kafukufuku kawirikawiri, Kawirikawiri kafufuzidwe kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawirikawiri
Phunzirolo linasonyeza kuti OSA omwe ali okhaokha ndi omwe amagwira nawo ntchito amakhala ogwirizana ndi zovuta.
Zina mwa zinthu zomwe takambiranazi, tapeza kuti zolinga zogwirira ntchito ku OSA zimagwiritsira ntchito ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuti mauthenga a kusinthasintha maganizo ndi osadziwika kuti akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndizovuta kwambiri.
Ponena za kufotokoza mosadziwika, zomwe timapeza zimagwirizana ndi zomwe Ross et al. (2012), amene adawonetsa kuti zofuna zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika ndi OSA.
Zotsatira za kafukufuku wamakono zikugogomezera kuti amuna omwe akuwonetsa ma OSA ovuta amadziwika ndi kuchepetsa chisangalalo chonse ndi ntchito yotsika erectile.
Atha kugwiritsa ntchito ma OSA kuti akwaniritse zosowa zawo zakugonana popewa mavuto okhudzana ndi erection omwe amakumana nawo panthawi yogonana. Komabe, izi zitha kubweretsa bwalo loipa lomwe lingakhale ndi vuto pakukhutira ndi kugonana. Zomwe tapeza zikugwirizananso ndi za Muise et al. (2013) kuwonetsa kuti amuna omwe amafotokoza zazidziwitso zochulukirapo (kuwonetsa nkhawa zazikulu komanso nkhawa panthawi yogonana) amakhala ndi chilakolako chogonana, komanso zotsatira za kafukufuku waposachedwa wotsimikizira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi kumalumikizidwa ndi chisangalalo chochepa ndi kugonana kukondana, komanso nkhawa zakugonana komanso mawonekedwe amthupi (Dzuwa, Bridges, Johnason & Ezzell, 2014). Zomwe apezazi zimapangitsa kuti mapangidwe atsopano asokoneze gawo lazomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azigonana komanso kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yovuta ya OSA
Phunziroli ndilo loyamba kufufuza mwachindunji maubwenzi pakati pa zochitika za kugonana ndi kukhudza zovuta m'ma OSA. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti chilakolako chogonana chotsika, kuchepetsa kugonana kwachigonjetso, ndi kuchepa kwa erectile zinagwirizanitsidwa ndi OSA zovuta. Zomwe zilipo pano zikuwonetsa kuti amuna omwe ali ndi vuto lotenga nawo mbali mu OSA atha kukhala ndi chilakolako chogonana chomwe chitha kukhala chokhudzana ndi kukula kwa zizolowezi zakugonana ndipo atha kufotokozera mwina zovuta zakulamulira chilakolako chogonana ichi. Zotsatirazi zitha kulumikizidwa ndi zamaphunziro am'mbuyomu zomwe zimafotokoza za kukwezedwa kwakukulu pokhudzana ndi zizolowezi zakugonana (Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004; Laier et al., 2013; Muise et al., 2013).
Kafukufuku wamtsogolo akuyenera kufufuzanso gawo lazomwe zingayambitse chiwopsezo pakukula ndi kukonza zovuta zomwe amuna akuchita nawo ma OSA. Makamaka, kufufuzidwa kwa zovuta zakugonana kumawoneka ngati njira yosangalatsa ya kafukufuku Zowonadi, maphunziro amtsogolo amafunikira kuti mumvetsetse kulumikizana kovuta pakati pazikhalidwe zogonana pa intaneti komanso pa intaneti. Mpaka pano, kugwiritsa ntchito ma OSA pamavuto kumapangidwa mozama pamakhalidwe olowerera osaganizira za OSAs, kapena mawonekedwe owonekera a magwiritsidwe ntchito ovuta. Mwachitsanzo, kuyankhulana kwamakhalidwe abwino kungakhale njira yofunikira kumvetsetsa zochitika za vuto la OSA. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo akuyeneranso kuchitidwa ndi zitsanzo zamankhwala, moyang'ana mitundu yaposachedwa kwambiri ya ma OSA monga masewera azakugonana a 3D okhudzana ndi kumiza komanso kusewera.
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