Lumikizani ku phunziro loyambirira - Miyeso Yozindikira ndi Yosazindikira ya Kumverera: Kodi Imasiyana ndi Kuchuluka kwa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zithunzi Zolaula? (2017)
Ndemanga: Kafukufuku wa EEG wa 2017 wokhudza ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula adatchula maphunziro atatu a Nicole Prause EEG. Olembawo amakhulupirira kuti maphunziro onse atatu a Prause EEG adapezadi kufooka kapena chizolowezi mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi (zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi chizolowezi). Izi ndi zomwe YBOP yakhala ikunena nthawi zonse (zofotokozedwa mu ndemanga iyi: Kutsutsa kwa: Kalata kwa mkonzi "Prause et al. (2015) zabodza zaposachedwa za maulosi okhudzana ndi chizolowezi" 2016 ). Steele et al., 2013 idalengezedwa m'manyuzipepala ndi wolankhulira Nicole Prause ngati umboni wotsutsa kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi cha zolaula/kugonana. Mosiyana ndi zomwe akunena, kafukufukuyu akuthandizira kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi cha zolaula komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana. Motani? Kafukufukuyu adanenanso za ma EEG apamwamba (poyerekeza ndi zithunzi zosalowerera) pamene anthu adawonetsedwa mwachidule ku zithunzi zolaula. Kafukufuku nthawi zonse akuwonetsa kuti P300 yokwera imachitika pamene anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezicho adawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro (monga zithunzi) zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chawo. Mogwirizana ndi kafukufuku wa ubongo wa ku Cambridge University, kafukufuku wa EEG uyu adanenanso kuti zolaula zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana ndi anthu okwatirana. Mwanjira ina - anthu omwe ali ndi ubongo wogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amakonda kuseweretsa maliseche m'malo mogonana ndi munthu weniweni. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, wolankhulira kafukufukuyu Nicole Prause adati ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amangokhala ndi "chilakolako chachikulu", koma zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zimanena zosiyana kwambiri - monga momwe kafukufuku watsopanoyu akusonyezera m'zigawo zina. Mapepala ena ambiri owunikidwa ndi anzawo amavomereza kuti Steele et al. amathandizira chitsanzo cha chizolowezi chogonana: Ndemanga zowunikidwa ndi anzawo za Steele et al. , 2013
Zina mwazithunzi zotsatirazi za 3 zikuwonetsa zotsatirazi za maphunziro a Nicole Prause EEG (#14 ndi Steele et al., 2013):
- 7 - Pemphero, N .; Steele, VR; Staley, C .; Sabatinelli, D. Zomwe zingatheke kukhala ndi zithunzi zolaula zogonana zogwirizana ndi chiwerengero cha anthu ogonana. Soc. Dziwani. Zakhudza. Neurosc. 2015, 10, 93-100.
- 8 - Pemphero, N .; Steele, VR; Staley, C .; Sabatinelli, D ;; Hajcak, G. Kusinthasintha kwa zizindikiro zabwino zowonongeka ndi kugonana kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ndi zovuta zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi "zolaula". Ubweya. Psychol. 2015, 109, 192-199.
- 14 - Steele, VR; Zowonongeka, C .; Fong, T.; Pembedzero, N. Chilakolako chogonana, osati chiwerewere, chimakhudzana ndi mayankho okhudzana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana. Zachikhalidwe. Neurosci. Psychol. 2013, 3, 20770
Zithunzi zofotokozera Steele et al., 2013:
Zochitika zokhudzana ndi zochitika (ERPs) nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati muyeso wa thupi wa momwe zimakhudzira zizindikiro zamaganizo, mwachitsanzo, [ 24 ]. Kafukufuku wogwiritsa ntchito deta ya ERP nthawi zambiri amayang'ana kwambiri zotsatira za ERP pambuyo pake monga P300 [ 14 ] ndi Late-Positive Positive (LPP) [ 7 , 8 ] akamafufuza anthu omwe amaonera zolaula. Mbali zotsatirazi za mawonekedwe a ERP zafotokozedwa kuti zimayambitsidwa ndi njira zoganizira monga chidwi ndi kukumbukira ntchito (P300) [ 25 ] komanso kukonza kosalekeza kwa zinthu zokhudzana ndi malingaliro (LPP) [ 26 ]. Steele et al. [ 14 ] adawonetsa kuti kusiyana kwakukulu kwa P300 komwe kumawonedwa pakati pa kuwona zithunzi zolaula zokhudzana ndi zithunzi zosalowererapo kunali kogwirizana ndi miyeso ya chilakolako chogonana, ndipo sikunakhudze kugonana kwa ophunzira. Olembawo adanenanso kuti izi mwina zinali chifukwa cha zithunzi zomwe zawonetsedwa kuti sizili ndi tanthauzo latsopano kwa ophunzirawo, popeza ophunzira onse adanenanso kuti akuwona zithunzi zambiri zolaula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gawo la P300 lichotsedwe. Olembawo adapitiliza kunena kuti mwina kuyang'ana pa LPP yomwe ikubwera pambuyo pake kungapereke chida chothandiza kwambiri, chifukwa chawonetsedwa kuti ikuwonetsa njira zolimbikitsira. Kafukufuku wofufuza momwe kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumakhudzira LPP wasonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa LPP kumakhala kochepa mwa ophunzira omwe akunena kuti ali ndi chilakolako chachikulu chogonana komanso mavuto owongolera momwe amaonera zolaula [ 7 , 8 ]. Zotsatirazi sizodabwitsa, chifukwa maphunziro ena ambiri okhudzana ndi chizolowezi awonetsa kuti akapatsidwa ntchito yokhudzana ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi cue, anthu omwe amanena kuti ali ndi mavuto pokambirana za chizolowezi chawo nthawi zambiri amawonetsa mawonekedwe akuluakulu a LPP akamawonetsedwa zithunzi za mankhwala awo omwe amayambitsa chizolowezi [ 27 ]. Prause et al. [ 7 , 8 ] amapereka malingaliro a chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kungayambitse zotsatira zochepa za LPP posonyeza kuti zitha kukhala chifukwa cha chizolowezi, popeza omwe adachita nawo kafukufukuyu omwe akunena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso adapeza kuchuluka kwa maola omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito akuonera zolaula.
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Kafukufuku wasonyeza nthawi zonse kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya thupi pokonza zinthu zomwe zimafuna kudya chifukwa cha zotsatira za chizolowezi mwa anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amafunafuna zolaula [ 3 , 7 , 8 ] . Ndi zomwe olembawo akunena kuti izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zotsatira zomwe zawonedwa.
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Maphunziro amtsogolo angafunike kugwiritsa ntchito database yazithunzi zatsopano kuti afotokoze kusintha kwa chikhalidwe. Komanso, mwina ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula zambiri adachepetsa mayankho awo okhudzana ndi kugonana panthawi ya kafukufukuyu. Kufotokozera kumeneku kunagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi [ 7 , 8 ] pofotokoza zotsatira zawo zomwe zidawonetsa chilimbikitso chofooka chomwe chimawonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa LPP (late positive potential) ku zithunzi zolaula ndi anthu omwe akunena kuti amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula zosalamulirika. Kukula kwa LPP kwawonetsedwa kuti kumachepa pakachepetsedwa mwadala [ 62 , 63 ]. Chifukwa chake, LPP yoletsedwa ku zithunzi zolaula ikhoza kulongosola kusowa kwa zotsatira zazikulu zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufukuyu m'magulu onse chifukwa cha vutoli la "zolaula".
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