Ukuxhatshazwa: Ukuphendula okuMnandi

Ukuxhatshazwa

Ukuxhatshazwa

Ukwahlulwa komtshato yinto enye nje yeenguqu ezininzi zobuchopho ezibangelwa sisiyobisi. Olunye utshintsho oluncinci lobuchopho lubandakanya;

  1. Sensitization: Ukuqulunqwa kwee-memlovian memory circuits ezihlobene nokulutha
  2. Ubungangamsha: Ukunciphisa ukujikelezwa kwamasekethe.
  3. Izijikelezo ezingasebenzi Uxinzelelo luya kubangela ukubuyela umva ngokulula
Dopamine

I-neurotransmitter dopamine yi-gas egunyazisa umjikelezo wethu wesiphaluka, kwaye isemva kwesishukumiso, umvuzo, iiminqweno, iiminqweno, kwaye kunjalo, i-libido kunye nokukhethwa. Umgangatho wokubonakalisa i-dopamine uhambelana nokuvavanya kwizifundo zabantu. I-Dopamine ngumdlali oyintloko kumvuzo kunye noxilongo, kwaye isitshixo ekuqondeni ukungafunisi.

A impendulo enomdla, okanye ukungafuneki, yenye yeenguqu ezininzi zobuchopho ezibangelwa yinkqubo yokulutha. (Kukho olunye utshintsho olunxulumene nomlutha kwengqondo eyaziwa ngokuba yi "sensitization." Nantsi into ngcaciso okwahlulahlula ukwahlulelana kunye novakalelo). Inqaku eliphambili lomzimba le-desensitization yenkqubo yokucingelwa yinto yokuncipha kwe-dopamine kunye ne-opioid signaling.

Unobangela wokuphelelwa lithemba

Ukwahlulwa komtshato kubonakala ngathi kubangelwa zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya:

  1. Ukuncipha kwi-dopamine receptors. Uninzi lwezifundo zijolise kwi ukuncipha kwi-dopamine i-D2 receptors, oko kuthetha ukungabi nangobubele obuninzi kwi-dopamine ekhoyo, ukushiya umlingo ongathintekiyo kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo ezivuyisayo.
  2. Ukuhla kwezinga lokusekela (tonic) ze-dopamine. Amanqanaba asezantsi e-dopamine ashiya umlutha "ulambile" kwimisebenzi yokunyusa i-dopamine / izinto zazo zonke iintlobo.
  3. I-dopamine ephosakeleyo impendulo (i-phasic dopamine) kwimbuyekezo eqhelekileyo. I-Dopamine ivame ukuphakama kwimpendulo kwimisebenzi evuzayo. Emva kokuba umlutha wakho ngumthombo onokuthenjelwa kakhulu we-dopamine, ukuphakama kukuphakamise ukuba usebenzise i-pornography.
  4. Ukuhla kwe-CRF-1 receptors, owenza umsebenzi ukuphakamisa amanqanaba e-dopamine kwi-striatum (kuphela efundiswa ne-cocaine).
  5. Ukulahlekelwa ngumvuzo wesiphaluka segreydi, oku kuthetha ukulahlekelwa kwiidendrites. Oku kuguqulela kwiinkcukacha ezincinci zokuxhuma okanye i-synapses. A Ucwaningo lwe-2014 kubasebenzisi bezononono idibene nombono ongaphantsi kobugqwetha kunye nokusetyenziswa koononophelo.
  6. Yehla Opioids okanye i-opioid receptors. Iziphumo ziziva zizivuyo kwaye zingonwabi ngokuqhelekileyo kumava amaninzi.

Zombini # 2 kunye # 3 zinokubandakanya ukwanda kwe-dynorphin ethintela i-dopamine, kunye buthathaka kwezinye iindlela (glutamate) Ukuhambisa imiyalezo kwisekethe yomvuzo, Ngamanye amagama ukungafuneki kwezinto kuntsonkothileyo kunokuba nzima, kwaye kusele into embi ukuba ifundwe.

Yintoni ebangela ukuxhatshazwa?

Uninzi lwezinto ezilungileyo.

IDopamine kulapho yonke iqala khona. Ukuba i-dopamine iphezulu kakhulu ixesha elide kukhokelela ekubeni iiseli zemithambo-luvo ziphulukane nobuntununtunu. Ukuba umntu uyaqhubeka nokukhala, uyagubungela iindlebe zakho. Xa iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezithumela i-dopamine zihlala zikhupha i-dopamine, iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezifumanayo zigquma "iindlebe" zazo ngokunciphisa i-dopamine (D2) receptors. (Bona: I-Volkow Mhlawumbi ingayifumanga Impendulo yokuLungisa umlutha.)

Inkqubo yokuphelisa igunya
  • Inkqubo yokwaphulwa komthetho inokuqala ngokukhawuleza, kwanemivuzo yemvelo ezifana nokutya okungenamsoco. Ukukhawuleza kwenzeka ntoni kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bokusetyenziswa kunye nokukhuseleka kwengqondo.
  • Uninzi kangakanani kaninzi Igqitywa lutshintsho lobuchopho-hayi ngokuziphatha kwangaphandle, njengesixa seziyobisi esisetyenzisiweyo, iikhalori ezisetyenzisiweyo, okanye ixesha elichithwe kubukelwa iphonografi. Akukho bantu babini bayafana.
  • Amanqanaba aphezulu aphezulu aphezulu ayimfuneko ukuba enze ukungafuneki. Ukuloba iipesenti eziphezulu kakhulu kubasebenzisi kune-cocaine, nangona i-cocaine inika i-neurochemical. Uninzi oluninzi lwe-dopamine lunokuqeqeshelwa ingqondo ngokugqithiseleyo kunobuncinci, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu.
  • Akukho mazinga e-dopamine afuneka aqhubeke ephakanyiswayo ukuze enze ukungafuni. The lekisa ukutya ngokutya nokugqithisa kutshaya icuba. Zomibini zivelisa ukulawulwa komgaqo we-dopamine receptors, kodwa ixesha elingaphantsi ixesha lisetyenziselwa ukudla kunokuzikhukhumeza.
  • Ukugqithisa iindlela zokusuthisa kwendalo kunokuba yinto ephambili kwindlela yokuqiniswa kwendalo okubangela ukungafuneki. Ukutya kakhulu kunye nabasebenzisi abanzima be-porn bayayityeshela imiqondiso 'yokumisa', okanye ngokuchanekileyo iingqondo zabo ezingamakhoboka azisenakho "ukoneliseka," ke bayaqhubeka nokutya (jonga- Amadoda: Ngaba ukunyuka kwexesha eliqhelekileyo kubangelwa iHangover?)
Ukwahlulela kunye nokunyamezelana

Ukuxhatshazwa kwemali kusemva unyamezelo, esisidingo sokhuthazo olukhulu ngakumbi lokuva oku "phezulu." Abasebenzisi be-porn bahlala benyukela kwiindidi ezintsha njengendlela yokwenza i-dopamine yabo ebambekayo. Inoveli kunye nokophula ulindelo (ukumangaliswa) kukonyusa i-dopamine.

Le ayisiyo ingxoxo yethiyori yokungafuneki kwemfuno, njengoko izifundo ezintathu zobuchwephesha kwi-Intanethi zavavanya ukubonakaliswa kwe-dopamine kwizidakamizwa ze-Intanethi. Inqanaba ngalinye lilinganise imiba eyahlukeneyo yokungafuneki kwaye ifumene umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweziyobisi nakwi-Intanethi. Kwisifundo # 2, ithi ngqo- “Ukubukela iifotofayili ze-intanethi okanye iifilimu zabantu abadala".

  1. I-Dopamine ye-Dopamine ye-D2 eyancitshisiwe kubantu abane-Addiction Internet (2011)
  2. AbaThuthi be-Dopamine eStriam eyancitshiswa kubantu abane-Disorder Addiction Disorder (2012)
  3. I-PET imaging ibonakalisa utshintsho olusebenzayo kwingqondo kwi-intanethi yokudlala umdlalo (2014)
Ukwahlulela kunye ne-porn

Kule sifundo kubasebenzisi bezononono - Ukwakhiwa kobuBungqina kunye nokuQhagamshelana okuSebenzayo Ukudibanisa kunye noonografi Ukusetyenziswa: Ubuninzi kwi-Porn (2014) -Iingcali kwiZiko laseMax Planck laseJamani lafumanisa ukuba iiyure eziphakamileyo ngeveki kunye neminyaka engaphezulu yokubukela iphonografi kunxulunyaniswa nokuncitshiswa kwezinto ezingwevu kumacandelo ejikelezo lomvuzo elibandakanyeka kukhuthazo nakwisigqibo. Ukuncitshiswa kwezinto ezingwevu kulo mmandla unxulumene nomvuzo kuthetha ukuba kunxibelelana ngemithambo-luvo embalwa. Unxibelelwano oluncinci lwemithambo-luvo apha luguqulela kwimisebenzi yomvuzo ocekethekileyo, okanye kwimpendulo yovuyo oluthambileyo. Abaphandi bakutolika oku njengophawu lwempembelelo ye-porn yexesha elide.

  • Umbhali oyintloko USimone Kühn uthe - "Oku kunokuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kweentlobano zesono ezingaphantsi kunxibelela inkqubo yakho yomvuzo. "

isishwankathelo: Xa i-dopamine okanye i-opioid receptors iyancipha emva kokuvuselela kakhulu, ingqondo ayiphenduli kangako, kwaye siziva umvuzo omncinci kulonwabo. Oko kusishukumisela ukuba sikhangele nzima ngakumbi kwiimvakalelo zokwoneliseka-umzekelo, ngokufuna inkanuko yesini egqithileyo, iiseshoni ezinde ze-porn, okanye ukubukela iphonografi rhoqo-oko ke kuphinda kubethe ingqondo.

Ukuxhatshazwa ngokuchasene nomsebenzi:

Ukuhlala ukuncipha okwethutyana okanye ukuyeka ukukhutshwa kwe-dopamine ngokuphendula kukhuthazo oluthile. Le yinkqubo eqhelekileyo kwaye inokutshintsha umzuzu uye okomzuzwana. Ukuxhatshazwa ibhekisa kutshintsho lwexesha elide olubandakanya ukwehla kokubonakaliswa kwe-dopamine kunye nee-receptors ze-D2. Le yinkqubo yokulutha kwaye inokuthatha iinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka ukukhula, kunye nexesha elide ukubuyela umva.

Amanqanaba e-Dopamine spike imini yonke ekuphenduleni kuyo nayiphi na into esiyifumana inomvuzo, inoveli, eyonwabisayo, enomdla, eyoyikisayo okanye enoxinzelelo. Owona myalezo uphambili we-dopamine uthi - “Oku kubalulekile, qaphela, kwaye uyikhumbule."

Masisebenzise ukutya njengomzekelo. Xa umntu elambile, i-dopamine inyuka ngolindelo lokuthatha ukuluma kokuqala kwe-burger. Njengoko isidlo sasemini siqhubeka, i-dopamine iyancipha kwaye siqhelekile. Azikho ezinye iipiks kwiimpawu zedopamine, "ndanele." Awusayi kuphinda ufune i-burger, kodwa ukuba unikwa i-brownie yetshokholethi, i-spikes yakho ye-dopamine, ekhuthaza ukuba ugqithise iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuhlalisa kwaye ube nezinye.

Omnye umzekelo usenokuba ujonge imifanekiso yohambo lomhlobo wakho ukuya eGrand Canyon. Unokufumana i-spike encinci yedopamine ngomfanekiso ngamnye, kodwa ukhawuleza uqhelane kwaye uye kumfanekiso olandelayo. Kwenzeka into enye xa ucofa imifanekiso Imidlalo Eboniswayo Iimodeli zokudada. Uhlala kwimifanekiso ethile (ukuhlala kancinci), kodwa akunjalo ngeminye imifanekiso (ukuhlala ngokukhawuleza).

Ukuba ndingenasiphelo ngaba akukho mfuneko yokuba ndiphephe imisebenzi yokuphakamisa i-dopamine?

Lo ngumbuzo onengqiqo njengoko yonke imivuzo yabelana ngolunye uhlobo lobuchopho. Umzekelo, ukuba ingqondo yakho ikhubazekile ngenxa yotywala okanye isiyobisi secocaine, amathuba akho okunyuka kokungasebenzi kakuhle kunye ne-libido iyancipha ngokubanzi. Oko kusixelela ukungqubana kokujikeleza kwengqondo kukho. Nangona kunjalo, amava asazisa ukuba ukusela iwayini, ukutya itshokholethi kunye nokwabelana ngesondo kwahlukile, oko kuthetha ukuba isikhuthazo ngasinye sibandakanya iindlela ezizodwa ukongeza ukugqagqana.

Uphando olutshanje lufumene ukuba isondo lusebenzise isethi sayo somvuzo weeseli zesekethe. I-cocaine emangazayo kunye ne-methamphetamine ivuselela ezifanayo zeselence cells kwiziko lomvuzo njengakwimivuzo yesondo. Ngokwahlukileyo, kukho kuphela ipesenti I-activation cell-nerve cell overlap between meth kunye nokutya okanye amanzi (enye imivuzo yemvelo).

Uphando olongezelelweyo lufumene ukuba Ukunyuka kwimizimba yamantombazana kunokunciphisa umgca weeseli zesisipha zeeseli ezivelisa i-dopamine. Esi siganeko siqhelekileyo silinganisa iziphumo zokulutha kwe-heroin kwezi seli ze-dopamine zeeseli ezifanayo. Oku akuthethi ukuba isondo asilunganga. Isazisa nje ukuba iziyobisi ezikhobokisayo ziqweqwedisa ezona ndlela zisikhuthaza ukuba sibuyele kwigumbi lokulala.

Iziyobisi zixhwila imijikelezo yesini

Ukubeka ngokulula, iziyobisi ezikhobokisayo ezinje nge-meth kunye ne-heroin ziyanyanzeleka kuba zithimbe iiseli ezichanekileyo kunye neendlela, ezathi zavela zanyanzelisa isini. Uninzi lolunye ulonwabo alwenzi. Yiyo loo nto "indawo yokuthetha" eqhelekileyoYonke into iphakamisa i-dopamine. Igalufa okanye ukuhleka ngokuqinisekileyo akunakhobokisa, kwaye zahluke njani kwi-intanethi ngokubhekisele kunyuka kwe-dopamine? ” uwahlukana.

Awungekhe uyiphephe imisebenzi yokunyusa i-dopamine, nawe ungafanele. Imisebenzi yesiqhelo yemihla ngemihla, kwaye mhlawumbi notywala kunye nembiza, akufuneki kubangele ingxaki. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba ungayeka zonke iziyobisi, ukutshaya, icaffeine kwaye utye ngokwasempilweni, kodwa amadoda aye achacha ngelixa ebhabha ngoku.

Kulungile ukuzibandakanya kwimivuzo yendalo, njengokuncamisa, ukubamba, umculo, ukudanisa, ukuzilolonga, ezemidlalo, ukutya okumnandi, ukunxulumana, njl. Ngaphandle kokuphakamisa i-dopamine, uninzi lwezi zinto zikwanyusa amanqanaba e-oxytocin. I-Oxytocin yahlukile kuba zombini zisebenzisa isekethe yomvuzo kwaye kunciphisa izifiso. Umgca ocacileyo ulula: Gwema into ekungenayo kulo myalezo. Ndiyincoma ngokucacileyo ukufunda le FAQ: Yiyiphi imimiselo okumelwe ndiyiphephe ngexesha lokuqalisa kwakhona?

Yintoni endiyenzayo ukuba ndikhawuleze ukuphucula?

Umbuzo oqhelekileyo ngulo: "Sesiphi isongezo okanye ukutya okukhawulezisa ukubuya kweedopamine receptors?" Umlutha wakho awubangekanga kukusilela kwesondlo, ke awuyi kulungiswa sisongezelelo. Ii-receptors ze-Dopamine ziiproteni ezenziwe kwii-amino acid ezifanayo ezifumaneka kwiiseli zakho. Ukuhlengahlengiswa kubangelwa kukukhuthaza kakhulu, ayimbalwa kakhulu iamino acid. Ukuba bebefuna njalo, iiseli zakho zemithambo-luvo zinokwakha kwakhona ii-dopamine receptors kwimizuzu nje embalwa.

Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ukungafuneki kwimfuno kubandakanya amakhonkco amaninzi kwityathanga lomvuzo elenziwa kutshintsho, olukhokelela ekuboniseni uphawu olusezantsi lwe-dopamine (i-dopamine receptors kunye nenqanaba le-dopamine). Unokuba negesi eninzi (i-dopamine) kwitanki lakho, kodwa impompo yamafutha yakho yaphukile kwaye isiqingatha seeplagi zilahlekile. Ukongeza igesi eninzi akunakwenza nto ukusombulula ingxaki yakho.

Amanqaku agubungela into yokutya yokunyusa amanqanaba e-dopamine ubukhulu becala ayinto engekhoyo. Okokuqala, i-L-tyrosine (ehlala icetyiswa) sisandulela sedopamine (kunye nezinye iihormone ezibalulekileyo). Ifumaneka ngokulula kukutya okuqhelekileyo. Okwesibini, "ukutya okuqulathe i-dopamine" akukho xabiso njengoko i-dopamine inganqumli kuthintelo lwegazi-lobuchopho. Oku kuthetha ukuba into oyifaka esiswini sakho ayizukunceda ukuzinzisa amanqanaba e-dopamine kwingqondo yakho. Okwesithathu, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukungafuneki kwezinto kubangelwa kukuhla kwe-dopamine (D2) receptors kunye notshintsho kwii-synapses. (Iingcebiso zabo baphinde babone nezongezo.)

Ukuvuselelwa kwendalo

Oku unako kuyenza umzimba kwaye kucamngca. Ukusebenzisa umsebenzi we-Aerobic yinto enye eyandisa kokubili dopamine kwaye i-dopamine receptors. Ukuzivocavoca kwakhona kunciphisa izifiso kwaye kunciphisa uxinzelelo. Uphononongo olulodwa lubonisa ukuba ukucamngca kwandisa i-dopamine a 65%. Omnye isifundo bafumene umbandela ogqithiseleyo kwi-cortex ebomvu kwixesha elide lokucamngca. Izidakamizwa zibangela ukwehla kwimiba ebomvu ye-cortex yangaphambili, ehambelana nokukhwabanisa kunye ne-dopamine encinane eyenza i-lobes yangaphambili. Ingcingo engaphantsi iyabizwa ukungazenzisi, kwaye ihambelana nokulawulwa kakubi kwempembelelo.

[Iintsuku ze-27 ngaphandle kwe-PMO] "Nazi iinguqu eziziswe ebomini bam ukusuka kwinkqubo" yokuqalisa kwakhona ": Iziphumo ziyi-100% yokwenyani kwaye iyabambeka, kwaye zigcwele zonke iinkalo zobomi bam. Ngaphandle kwe-PMO ye-zombifying trance, bendikhululekile kulusu lwam, kwaye kubonakala ngathi iluncedo olukhulu ekusebenzisaneni nabantu besini esahlukileyo. Ndonwabile kuba abanye abantu abaninzi baye baqaphela iimpembelelo ezifanayo: ukwanda komtsalane ngokwesini kwabasetyhini kwiimeko ezifihlakeleyo, kunye nomnqweno owandileyo wokufunda kunye nokunikeza iimpendulo kwiimpawu zabo. Ukwanda komnqweno wokunxulumana, kunye nokuzithemba okutsha. Oku akuyiyo impembelelo ye-placebo, kunye nakweyiphi na i-skeptics; ekuphela kwendlela yokuqiniseka kukuba uzama. Uzakubona. ”