Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga namabango kaJohann Hari
UHLAZIYO ngo-2022: Uphando olubonakalayo lubonisa ukuba inkxaso yentlalontle inamandla alinganiselweyo okuqikelelwa njengento echasene nokuziphatha okunengxaki ngokwesondo. Iluncedo, kodwa hayi imbumbulu yesilivere. 'Yabona Ubudlelwane benkxaso yentlalo ebonwayo ekuziphatheni okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesondo. Ukuba ulwa nomlutha, ngandlela zonke funa inkxaso yentlalontle. Kodwa wenze umsebenzi onzima wokuphinda uqalise kwaye udibanise ingqondo yakho.
The ethandwayo Kurzgesagt -Kwividiyo emfutshane, ngenxa ye Intetho yeTED kaJohann Hari, yenza isibini samanqaku amahle kakhulu. Okokuqala, izibonelelo zonxibelelwano lwabantu ngokwenene zinegalelo elikhulu kwintlalontle zonke kuthi.
Njengezidalwa, siya kuba silumkile ukuba siqhubele phambili unxibelelwano oluzalisekileyo- kwaye kude nokuvuselela okungenangqondo, zombini iikhemikhali kunye nokuziphatha. Okwesibini, amakhoboka eziyobisi akafanele aphathwe njengezaphuli-mthetho. Bamele baqeqeshwe ngendlela engcono yokulawula oko kuhlala kubonisa ukuba sisifo esingapheliyo - isifo sokufunda nge-pathological, esihamba kunye neenguqu zomzimba kwingqondo eqhuba ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo nangona iziphumo ezibi.
Nangona kunjalo, akukho nzuzo yokunxibelelana okanye isibongozo sikaHari sokuphathwa ngemfesane kwabo bakhotyokisiweyo sithethelela isihloko sakhe esithetha ukuba isayensi yokukhobokisa ayikho eluphawu, okanye uye wayityeshela enye yezi ngongoma. U-Hari wayenokukhuthaza imiyalezo yakhe ngaphandle kokungahoyi okanye ukugxotha iintaba zophando oluqinileyo olupapashwe malunga nokulutha.
Abanye baye bajongana nobuthathaka bebango likaHari ngokuphathelele iziyobisi ukusetyenziswa (umlutha wekhemikhali). Bona "Izinto ezi-4 uJohann Hari engalunganga malunga nokulutha” (Ulungiso) kunye “Yonke into esicinga ukuba siyazi malunga nokukhobokisa ayilunganga - Ngamafutshane, inokuthi ilahlekise” (Reddit). Emva kokulungiswa kolunye ulwazi olungeyonyani kule vidiyo, siza kugxila kumlutha wokuziphatha obandakanya iinguqu ezingaphezulu yemivuzo yendalo.
Ividiyo isekelwe kwisiseko sobuxoki
Ividiyo iqala ngengxabano ye-straw-man. Ithi ukuba “oko sicinga ukuba siyakwazi ngokukhotyokiswa” bekuyinyaniso, wonke umntu onikwe iheroin esibhedlele ebeya kuba likhoboka. Ngokwenyani, akukho ngcaphephe yokukhotyokiswa kukukholelwa oku. Abaphandi baxela ukuba kuphela yi-10-20% yabasebenzisi abanikezela ngeziyobisi ezikhobokisayo baba likhoboka, kuzo zombini abantu kwaye izilwanyana. Ubuxoki bukaHari libango lokuba yonke impuku evalelweyo ekwanti iba likhoboka lokufikelela kwiheroin okanye icocaine. Ifana ne-20% ngolu hlobo Uphononongo luka-2010 lutyhila (ngamaxabiso eheroin noko angaphezulu):
“Kuphononongo olupapashwe kwi-25 yeSilimela uhlelo lwe inzululwazi, iqela labaphandi lancamathisela iimpuku zaselabhoratri kwisixhobo esasivumela iimpuku ukuba zizisebenzise ngokwazo iidosi zecocaine—icoke IV yodidi. Emva kwenyanga, abaphandi baqala ukuchonga ukuba zeziphi iigundane eziye zaxhamla kwiziyobisi ngokukhangela iimpawu eziphawulekayo zokulutha: ubunzima bokuyeka okanye ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; inkuthazo ephezulu yokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa; kunye nokusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo nangona iziphumo ezibi. Kuphela ziimpuku ezingama-20 ekhulwini eziye zabonakalisa zontathu iimpawu zokukhotyokiswa, ngoxa ezingama-40 ekhulwini azizange zibonise nanye kuzo.”
Umahluko phakathi kwe-20% yekhoboka kunye ne-non-addict 80% yayingengomzali ongcolileyo okanye iimeko ezimbi zokuphila. Endaweni yoko, yayiyindlela ubuchopho beempuku eziqhelana ngayo nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi. Imfuzo endala engenanto (okanye mhlawumbi i-epigenetics). Inqaku liyaqhubeka:
"Ekuqaleni, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kuguqula i-physiology yobuchopho bomntu ngamnye njengoko behamba kuhlobo lokufunda impendulo yomvuzo: Ukuba uthatha ichiza, uya kuziva ungcono-ngokuqinisekileyo ingqondo enobungozi onokuthi ube kuyo xa uxhumeke kwifowuni. unikezelo olungenamkhawulo lwecocaine. Ngethamsanqa, kwiimeko ezininzi ingqondo iphinda ifunde indlela yokulawula ukusela kwayo iyeza. Ubuchopho bomlutha, hayi kakhulu. Ngokungafaniyo nabahlobo babo abangengawo amakhoboka, ubuchopho beempuku ezinomlutha azinanto yaneleyo "yeplasticity" -ipropathi yengqondo eyivumela ukuba iqhelane notshintsho ngokuhamba kwexesha-ukufumana isiphatho kumkhwa wabo.. Ezi mpuku zibambekile kwimo yengqondo yokuphendula umvuzo, kwaye kunye nokuhla kokukhobokisa. "
Ngokuzenzekelayo, i-10 - 20% yimilinganiselo yeemeko apho umsebenzisi anokuzilawula ngokwakhe ichiza, ngaloo ndlela eqinisa uxhulumaniso phakathi "oluphezulu" kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ukuqiniswa kolu hlobo luhluke kwizibhedlele, apho amayeza eentlungu alawulwa khona, kwaye ubukho bentlungu ngokwayo buthathaka ukuqiniswa (kuba umzimba sele uvelisa i-opioids yayo ngoko ke iziyobisi "eziphezulu" zingabonakali kakhulu).
Umyinge we-10-20% yezinga lokulutha yi-nicotine, eqwalaselwa ziingcali ezininzi zoluntu. esona siyobisi sikhobokisayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuyamkeleka ngakumbi kwintlalontle kwaye iziphumo zayo ezikhawulezayo zincinci (iimpawu ezabelana ngazo nokusetyenziswa koonografi kwi-intanethi). Kwakukho ixesha apho phantse i-50% yabantu abadala baseMerika babetshaya. Ngaba bonke abasebenzisa inikotini banemiba yokuncamathela? Ngaba bonke aba batshayayo babenesithukuthezi? Hayi. Nanamhlanje sinezigidi zabantu baseMelika abonwabileyo nabaphumeleleyo, kodwa abakwazi ukuyeka ukutshaya. Le nto iyodwa iyayiphikisa ingcamango kaHari.
Ngelixa i-10-20% yezinga lokusebenzisa iziyobisi linokusebenza ekusebenziseni iziyobisi, siya kubona ukuba iinguqulelo ezingaqhelekanga zemivuzo yendalo (i-intanethi ye-intanethi, ukutya okungenamsoco) inokubamba ipesenti ephezulu yabasebenzisi. Umzekelo, xa unikwe ukhetho phakathi kweswekile kunye ne-cocaine, i-85% yeempuku ziyayincama i-cocaine ukuze zitye izinto ezimnandi. Ukusuka kolu phononongo:
“Uphononongo lokuphinda luphinde lwenziwe lwalo lonke ulingo kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo luveze ukuba nokuba ibinzima kangakanani na i-cocaine esetyenziswayo uninzi lweempuku ziyekile ukusebenzisa i-cocaine ngokukhetha enye into engeyoyaziyobisi. Bambalwa kuphela, abangaphantsi kwe-15% kwelona nqanaba linzima lokusetyenziswa kwe-cocaine, abaqhubeka besebenzisa i-cocaine, naxa belambile kwaye banikwa iswekile yendalo.
Ukuba “Ngokufutshane” ababukeli babexelelwe inyani, ukuba liqaqobana nje leempuku eliye libe ngamakhoboka eziyobisi, umyalezo kaHari unokuphulukana nempembelelo yawo eninzi.
Umfuniselo wepaki yeempuku awuphindanga waphindwa
U-Hari usicela ukuba sithathe umfuniselo we-"Rat Park" we-1979 njengevangeli nangona ukuphindwa kovavanyo akuphumelelanga. Ngokwenza oko, uHari ukwasicela ukuba singahoyi phantse Iminyaka engama-40 yobukhoboka be-neuroscience, echonge utshintsho lweselula, imolekyuli kunye ne-epigenetic ebangela indlela yokuziphatha esiyibonayo njengomlutha. Ngokomzekelo, ngokungeyomfuneko ukwanda kwamanqanaba emolekyuli enye (DeltaFosB) yenza iimpuku ukuba zinqwenele iziyobisi kunye nokutya okungenamsoco. Ukuthintela le molekyuli yeziko lomvuzo thintela likhoboka kwizilwanyana zaselebhu. Ngokufanayo, ebantwini, amakhoboka e-cocaine asebenzayo (osweleke ngequbuliso) ayenayo amanqanaba aphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga eDeltaFosB kumaziko okuvuza kwengqondo yabo.
Nangakumbi, icandelo elibanzi lophando lwengqondo-lokuphonononga iingxelo zokuba iinguqu ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho ezibangelwa kumlutha zezona zixela kwangaphambili ukuba ngubani oza kuphinda abuyele (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ). Ngapha koko, ngokuchaseneyo ngqo nebango lika-Hari, ekuphela kwezinto ezihambelanayo ezinxulumene nempumelelo okanye ukuphinda ubuyele yayibubukhulu botshintsho oluthile lwengqondo olunxulumene nokulutha. Ukusuka Nye yezifundo:
"Idatha ye-ER-fMRI yathelekiswa nengqondo, i-neuropsychological, i-demographic, i-personal- kunye nentsapho-imbali yokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ukuze yenze imodeli eqikelelwayo, kwaye yafunyanwa ukuba iqikelele ukuziyeka ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kunanoma yimuphi omnye umlinganiselo ofunyenwe kolu phononongo."
Ukutshintsha kwengqondo kunokuqikelela njani ukuphinda ubuyele ukuba ekuphela kwesizathu sokulutha ibikukungabikho konxibelelwano lomntu?
Kukho okungakumbi kwibali laseVietnam
Umbhali weli nqaku “Umphandi weHeroin waseVietnam unokungavumelani nokuThatha kukaJohann Hari ngezizathu zokulutha.” lichitha ngakumbi ibango likaHari (nangona ekugqibeleni egqibezela ukuba likhoboka lokuzikhethela, imbono esingabambi ngayo). Ubonisa ukuba i-heroin yayingabizi kwaye ifumaneka ngokulula eVietnam, ngaphezu kwe-80% ye-servicemen enikeziweyo kwiveki yokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, i Ucwaningo lwe-1974 Iingxelo zokuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-narcotic bekungaxhaphakanga:
Malunga nama-13,760 amajoni abhalise eUnited States abuyela eUnited States evela eVietnam ngoSeptemba 1971. Kubemi abali-13,760 1,400, malunga ne-XNUMX baye bafunyanwa benemichamo echatshazelwa yi-narcotics ngexesha lokuhamba.
Kuphela yi-10% yamajoni abuyileyo afunyenwe ene-opiates. Akunakwenzeka ukuba bonke abali-1400 babe ngamakhoboka eheroin, ngakumbi xa sicinga ukuba abanye babeza kunikwa iinarcotics zokuthomalalisa iintlungu. Izinga leshumi ekhulwini lokukhotyokiswa lingaphantsi kakhulu izinga lokukhotyokiswa liziyobisi notywala eUnited States.
Ngaba kuxhaphake ukusetyenziswa kweheroin ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwaseVietnam okanye kungenxa yofikelelo olulula kwiheroin ephantsi? A ukufumana okungundoqo yayikukuba uninzi lwamajoni athe ekugqibeleni aba ngamakhoboka eheroin anembali yangaphambili yokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba unamandla icandelo lemfuzo ngenxa yala majoni. Wathi umphandi,
"Ubuninzi beentlobo zamachiza asetyenziswayo ngaphambi kokuba bangene kwinkonzo, kokukhona amathuba okuba asetyenziswe iinarcotics eVietnam."
Ukuba yayiluxinzelelo lokulwa, kwakutheni ukuze amadoda athi ekugqibeleni abe ngamakhoboka aqalise ukusebenzisa i-heroin kwangethuba kukhenketho lwabo, phambi kokuba ukuba sesichengeni sokulwa? Kutheni i-heroin ingazange isebenzise i-correlate kunye nesenzo sokulwa? Wathi umphandi:
"Abo babone umlo osebenzayo babengenakukwazi ukusebenzisa kunamagqala abone okuncinci, xa umntu ethathela ingqalelo iimbali zabo zangaphambi kwenkonzo."
Ngaba kuyamangalisa ngokwenene ukuba amajoni amaninzi asebenzisa i-heroin ayeka xa ebuyela ekhaya? I-Heroin iyabiza, ihlala inzima ukuyifumana, kwaye iphazamisa ubomi boluntu: ukufumana umsebenzi, ukusebenza, ukuvuselela ubudlelwane, njl.
Kuthekani ngokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi ye-porn?
Izinto zikaHari zifumene impendulo enomdla kwiiforum zokubuyisa iphonografi kwi-Intanethi apho abasebenzisi abaninzi baye bancamatheliswa kwizikrini zabo kangangokuba baziva bebodwa ekuhlaleni. Ingqikelelo kaHari iyabakhuthaza ukuba bachaze indlela abaziphatha ngayo kukungabikho konxibelelwano lwabantu. Nangona kunjalo, uHari uphoswa ngokupheleleyo lulwazi oluphambili, oluthi lushiye abathengi abangaphezulu kwe-intanethi benendawo enkulu eyimfama.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kokunxibelelana kwabantu kunye nokulutha ihamba zombini, hayi indlela enye. Abafana abaninzi abayekayo bafumanisa ukuba ukungakwazi kwabo ukunxibelelana kwaba ngenxa yobukhoboka babo, nokuthi bona babe ziimagnethi zentlalo kanye beyeka. Oko kukuthi, nangona ukuba wedwa kunokuqhuba ukuzinyanga ngokulutha, umlutha ngokwawo thintela uqhagamshelo kwaye ithulisa izibonelelo zayo. Ingqondo ekhobokileyo iyatshintshwa ukuze uncamathiselo lungabhalisi ngokuqhelekileyo okanye luzive lulungile ngokukodwa, xa kuthelekiswa nechiza okanye indlela aziphatha ngayo umsebenzisi “uvuselelwe” kuyo.
Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, sibona ukuba abafana abayeka ingxelo baye bakwazi ukunxibelelana ngokunzulu ngakumbi nabanye, kunye nolwaneliseko olukhulu. Abanye bade bazibhaqe yayingabantu abathetha izinto ezingento yanto, ingengabo abantu abangengabo. Bazi rhoqo ukumangaliswa ngendlela abalufumana ngayo unxibelelwano loluntu, umsebenzi wesondo kunye neqabane, kwaye ide ifikelele incopho ngokwayo ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Kodwa badinga ixesha lokuzikhwebula ekuzivuseleleni phambi kokuba banokuzuza ngokupheleleyo kwimiphumo enenzuzo yoqhagamshelwano. Inkqubo yomvuzo wengqondo yabo ifuna ixesha lokuzilinganisa. IHari ayithethi ngale mfuno.
Amandla eenguqulelo ezingaqhelekanga zemivuzo yendalo
Enye intsingiselo yomyalezo kaHari yeyokuba “logama nje umntu enendawo yokuhlala esemgangathweni, unokubandakanyeka kwimikhwa ekhobokisayo ngaphandle komngcipheko wokuba likhoboka.” Oku kuphosakele njengenkolelo yokuba izinto ezikhobokisayo ziyingozi ngokulinganayo kubo bonke abasebenzisi. Sibona abasebenzisi abaninzi bezabalaza neziphumo ze-porn kwi-intanethi abaye bakhuliswa ngendlela eyonwabisayo kunye nezinto ezininzi zentlalo. Sibona amadoda onwabileyo emitshatweni etsala nzima. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi ukuba kutheni i-porn ye-intanethi inyanzelekile nakwabo banonxibelelwano oluhle loluntu.
Gcina umzuzwana ukuze uqwalasele kwakhona iziyobisi. Imiphumo emibi yamachiza amaninzi anikezela "phezulu" iyanqanda. Uninzi luguqula ingqondo, luphazamise amandla okuqhuba, lubangele i-hangover, njl. njl. Ngaphezu koko, iziyobisi aziyithathi kakuhle imivuzo yendalo. Ii-Eons zendaleko zilungelelanise ubuchopho bezilwanyana ezanyisayo ukuba zikhanyisele ukutya, isondo, ukudibana, impumelelo, umdlalo kunye nobutsha. Ngoxa u-Hari esazisa ukuba uxhulumaniso ngumvuzo wokwenene esiwufunayo, uyayityeshela le mivuzo yendalo. Njengoko isazi ngengqondo uStanton Peele wachaza kule nto I-Psychology Namhlanje isithuba seblogi:
“I-Rat Park luvavanyo lwakudala apho iimpuku, ezazikhe zahlala kwisisombululo se-morphine, zakhetha ukuqhubeka nokusela phezu kwamanzi kwiikheji ezincinci ezikwanti, kodwa zayishiya imorphine zikhetha amanzi eRat Park, indawo ephangaleleyo netyetyisiweyo apho kwakukho. iimpuku ezininzi zesini zombini. Kwimeko enjalo ukukwazi ukukhuphisana ngesondo ngokukhawuleza kwathatha indawo yokuqala ngaphezu kokufuna i-narcosis - okt, ukwabelana ngesondo kubhetele kuneziyobisi zeempuku. "
Kananjalo uHari akachazi kubabukeli bakhe ukuba iinguqu ezingaphezulu yemivuzo yendalo (ukutya okungekho sikweni kwangoku kunye nephonografi ye-intanethi, umzekelo) zinomtsalane ngakumbi kwaye zikhobokisa kuneziyobisi okanye utywala. Izivuseleli ezingaqhelekanga ziinguqulelo ezibaxiweyo zezivuseleli eziqhelekileyo, kodwa sizibona sibubuxoki njengezixabiseke ngakumbi. Oku kuyanceda ukucacisa ukuba kutheni I-35% yabantu abadala baseMelika batyebe kakhulu kwaye i-70% inzima kakhulu, nangona kungekho namnye kubo ofuna ukuba njalo. Xa isibane somvuzo wethu sikhanyisela phezulu, ngokulula sinokukroba i-1500 yeekhalori kwiiburger, iifry kunye nobisi. Zama ukuhlahlela iikhalori ezili-1500 zenyamazane eyomileyo kunye neengcambu ezibilisiweyo kwindawo enye (okanye ngosuku olunye).
Izifundo ezininzi zezilwanyana baye babonisa ukuba ukutya okungenamsoco kunomlutha ngaphezu kwecocaine, (Iinqumi zikhetha ushukela kwi-cocaine) kwaye ukutywala ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuzisa inguqu enxulumene neziyobisi. Ngapha koko, xa iimpuku zinikwa ukufikelela okungenasiphelo "kukutya okutyela," phantse i-100% ibhalele ukukhuluphala. Ubuchopho beempuku ezityebileyo kunye nokuziphatha kwabo kwisipili kwezi ziyobisi. Ezi gundane azidli ngokutya i-chow chow rhoqo, kanye njengokuba umzingeli-eqokelela engafumani mafutha kwizidlo zabo zemveli.
Ukuthetha ngale ndlela ngenye indlela, akukho zijikelezo zangasese zokufuna i-heroin, utywala okanye i-cocaine. Nangona kukho iindidi ezijikelezayo zengqondo ezizinikele ekufuneni nasekudleni kokutya kunye nesondo. Kwaye, ngelixa sifana nesidlo esihle, ukuvusa isondo kunye ne-orgasm kukhulula mazinga a phezulu Yokuvuza imichiza ye-neurochemicals (dopamine kunye neopioids). Yiloo nto kufanele ukuba ibe yiyo: ukuvelisa kwakhona yimfuza yethu # 1 umsebenzi.
Ngelixa kuphela iqaqobana leempuku eliba ngamakhoboka eziyobisi; I-100% ihambelana nokudinwa
Yintoni eyenzekayo xa ulahla i-rat yindoda ibe yinqanawa kunye ne-female rat rat? Okokuqala, ubona i-frenzy of copulation. Emva koko, ngokuthe gqolo, iinqwelo zedoda zaleyo ntokazikazi. Nangona ufuna izinto ezingaphezulu, unelisekile. Nangona kunjalo, ithathe indawo yowesifazane oyintsusa ngokutsha, kwaye indoda ivuselele ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibuhlungu ngokukhawuleza ukuze ikhule apha. Unokuphinda le nqubo ngamabhinqa amasha ade apheliswe ngokupheleleyo.
Oku kubizwa ngokuba Impembelelo yeCoolidge-impendulo ezenzekelayo kumaqabane akwinoveli. Nantsi indlela i Isiphumo se-Coolidge siyasebenza: Yempuku umvuzo wesiphaluka ivelisa iikhemikhali zeneurochemicals ezingaphantsi nangaphantsi (i-dopamine kunye ne-opioids) ngokubhekiselele kumfazi wangoku, kodwa ivelisa i-surge enkulu kumfazi omtsha. Ufuzo lwakhe lufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba akashiyi umntu wasetyhini ongachumisiyo…okanye azidinise ngokuzama.
Akumangalisi ukuba iilwane nabantu azifani ezo xa kuza to Ukuphendula kwintshukumo yesini. Umzekelo, nini Abaphandi baseAustralia (igrafu) ibonise ifilimu efanayo engamanyala ngokuphindaphindiweyo, iimvavanyo zovavanyo lwezifundo kunye neengxelo ezizimeleyo zombini ziveze ukwehla okuqhubekayo ekuvuseleleni ngokwesondo. I "elidala elifanayo elidala” uyadika.
Emva kokubukwa kwe-18-njengokuba izihloko zokuvavanya zixubusha-abaphandi baqalisa i-noero yeros for 19th Kunye ne20th ukujonga. Bingo! Izifundo kunye neepenise zazo zaqala ukuqwalaselwa. (Ewe, abafazi babonisa imiphumo efanayo.)
Kakade ke, isilwanyana esanyisayo esihleli phantsi esifumana umngcelele ongapheliyo wamabhinqa azimiseleyo aya kwenzeka kuphela elebhu hayi kwindalo. Okanye bekuya kuba njalo?
Iphonografi ye-Intanethi njengesivuseleli esingaqhelekanga
I-pornography ye-intanethi ngokukhawuleza ukukhawuleza kumvuzo wesiphaluka kuba ibonelela ngeparade engapheliyo yobutsha bezesondo. Isenokuba yinoveli “iqabane,” isiganeko esingaqhelekanga, isenzo esingaqhelekanga sezesondo, okanye—ugcwalisa indawo engenanto. Ngeethebhu ezininzi ezivulekileyo kwaye ucofa iiyure ezininzi umbukeli unokufumana amaqabane eenoveli amaninzi kwiseshini nganye kunookhokho bethu abazingeli abaqokelelayo ebomini.
Nge-intanethi ye-intanethi, akusiyo nje into yesondo engapheliyo izinto ezintsha oko kubhuza isekethe yethu yomvuzo. Imvakalelo enamandla njenge ixhala, ukothuka okanye ngaliswa kwakhona ukhanyise isiphaluka sethu somvuzo. Ngokungafaniyo nenqaku le-heroin kwikona yesitrato, i-porn yanamhlanje kulula ukufikelela kuyo, ifumaneka 24/7, simahla kwaye yabucala. Ngokungafaniyo nokutya kunye neziyobisi, apho kukho umda wokusetyenziswa, akukho zithintelo zomzimba ekusebenziseni i-intanethi ye-porn. Iindlela zokwaneliseka zendalo zobuchopho azenziwanga ngaphandle kokuba enye ifikelele kuvuthondaba. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzisi unokucofa kwenye into enomdla ngakumbi ukuze avuswe kwakhona.
Ngokungafaniyo nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kuxhaphakile, kwaye phantse jikelele phakathi kwamadoda afikisayo anokufikelela kwi-intanethi. Ngaphezu koko, abaninzi abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30 bajonga ukusebenzisa iphonografi “njengesempilweni” kunye nenxalenye eqhelekileyo “yembonakalo yesondo.” Abafana abancinci namhlanje basebenzisa i-porn kuba beyithanda, kungekhona ngenxa yokuba bengenalo uxhumano okanye uthando. (Zonke Izifundo ze-neuroscience zipapashwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku xhasa imodeli ye-porn addiction.)
Indlovu egumbini: Ubuchopho bomntwana ofikisayo
UHari - ongeyongcali yokukhobokisa - akavumi ukuba sesichengeni okwandisiweyo Ubuchopho bomntwana ofikisayo kwizinto ezikhobokisayo kunye nokuziphatha, ekhoyo ngaphandle kwinqanaba lonxibelelwano lwentlalo. Ngokomzekelo, uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba kubuchopho bolutsha, ukusebenzisa iziyobisi kuyinto esisigxina iyingozi kunengqondo yabantu abadala.
Kwakhona, umngcipheko wokuwela kumlutha wazo zonke iintlobo mkhulu kulutsha, njengoko kunjalo umngcipheko we-porn-induced. imeko yesondo. Amaxabiso okungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile, ukulibaziseka kwe-ejaculation kunye nomnqweno ophantsi wamaqabane okwenene ziyanda kubafana banamhlanje. A Ingqondo yolutsha ikwincopho yayo ukuveliswa kwe-dopamine kwaye neuroplasticity, ukwenza baxhatshazwa kakhulu ekumlonyeni kwaye imeko yesondo. Izilwanyana ezifikisayo ziyavelisa amazinga aphezulu eDeltaFosB ekuphenduleni iziyobisi kunye nemivuzo yemvelo.
Into esinayo ngoku lulutsha olukwishumi elivisayo oluhlala lusebenzisa isivuseleli esinyanzelayo esingaphaya kwesiqhelo ngexesha apho ubuchopho babo bukhona. rewiring kwindawo ngokwesondo. Olunye usukelo oluphambili lokufikisa kukufunda yonke into enokwenzeka malunga nesondo (ngokuqonda kunye ne-subconsciously) ukuze uvelise ngempumelelo kamva. Iphonografi ye-Intanethi inokuba njalo tshintsha okanye uqingqe Ukujikeleza kwengqondo yethu ebanzi yokwabelana ngesondo kunye nokuzala - kunye nokusiphazamisa ekufundeni izakhono zentlalo sifuna uqhagamshelwano.
Ngokungaqondanga okanye akunjalo, oopopayi bakaHari bashiya umbono wokuba indawo ehlala ilungile ithintela ukuba likhoboka. Oku akuyonyani, ngakumbi kubantu abafikisayo abanengqondo yabo ebuthathaka kakhulu. Njengoko iforum yokubuyisela umamkeli uGabe Deem uthi:
Ezompuku ezikwiPaki yeempuku zinokulalana endaweni yeheroin, kodwa into ebezingenayo lukhetho “lokuchumisa” izigidi zeempuku zabasetyhini kwizixhobo ze-intanethi.
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