NDEMANGA: Ngakhale pepalali ndi lalifupi chabe, lili ndi mfundo zingapo zofunika pa sayansi yomwe ikubwera. Mwachitsanzo, limati onse awiri Prause et al., 2015 ndi Kuhn & Gallinat , 2014 akufotokoza zomwe zapezeka: kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri komwe kumagwirizana ndi chizolowezi chachikulu cha zolaula. Maphunziro onsewa adanenanso kuti ubongo umayamba kugwira ntchito mochepa poyankha zithunzi za zolaula za vanilla. Mu gawo lotsatirali "Lower late positive-potential" akutanthauza zomwe Prause et al .:
"Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, maphunziro mwa anthu athanzi amasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso kumathandiza kuti munthu akhale ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso . Mwa amuna athanzi, nthawi yochulukirapo yowonera zolaula imagwirizana ndi zochitika za kumanzere kwa putaminal zomwe zimachitika ndi zithunzi zolaula (Kühn ndi Gallinat, 2014). Kuchita zinthu mochedwa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zolaula kunawonedwa m'nkhani zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika."
Chifukwa chiyani izi ndizofunikira? Wolemba wamkulu Nicole Prause adati kafukufuku wake wa EEG adatsutsa "chizolowezi chogonana". Iyi ndi pepala lachiwiri lowunikidwa ndi anzawo lomwe likukana kutanthauzira kwa Prause. Nayi pepala loyamba.
Zindikirani - Mapepala ena ambiri owunikidwa ndi anzawo amavomereza kuti Prause et al., 2015 imathandizira chitsanzo cha chizolowezi chogonana: Ndemanga zowunikidwa ndi anzawo za Prause et al ., 2015
Neuropsychopharmacology 41, 385-386 (January 2016) | awiri: 10.1038 / npp.2015.300
Shane W Kraus 1, 2, Valerie Voon 3, ndi Marc N Potenza 2, 4
1 VISN 1 Matenda Aumphawi Maphunziro Ofufuza Zofufuza ndi Malo Ochipatala, VA Maphunziro a Zaumoyo a Connecticut, West Haven, CT, USA; Dipatimenti ya Psychiatry ya 2, Yale Yunivesite ya Zamankhwala Yunivesite, New Haven, CT, USA;
Dipatimenti ya Psychiatry ya 3, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK;
4 Dipatimenti ya Neurobiology, Child Study Center ndi CASA Columbia, Yale Yunivesite ya Zamankhwala, New Haven, CT, USA
Imelo: [email protected]
Khalidwe lachiwerewere lachiwerewere (CSB) limadziwika ndi kukhumba, kukhudzidwa, kufooka kwa anthu / ntchito, ndi matenda okhudza maganizo. Chiwerengero cha CSB chikulingalira pozungulira 3-6%, ndichimuna wamwamuna. Ngakhale kuti sali m'gulu la DSM-5, CSB ikhoza kupezedwa mu ICD-10 ngati vuto lodziletsa. Komabe, mkangano ulipo ponena za chiwerengero cha CSB (mwachitsanzo, ngati matenda osokoneza bongo, chizoloŵezi cha matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana, kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena kupitiliza chizolowezi chogonana).
Umboni woyambirira umasonyeza kuti dopamine ikhoza kuthandizira CSB. Mu Parkinson's (PD), dopamine mankhwala othandizira (Levo-dopa, dopamine agonists) akhala akugwirizanitsidwa ndi CSB ndi mavuto ena oyendetsa mphamvu (Weintraub et al, 2010). Kafukufuku ochepa omwe amagwiritsira ntchito naltrexone kumathandiza kuti achepetse zovuta ndi makhalidwe omwe amapezeka ndi CSB (Raymond et al, 2010), mogwirizana ndi kusintha kwa opioidergic ya mesolimbic dopamine ntchito yochepetsera CSB. Pakalipano, zazikulu, zoyenera kuchita, kufufuza za m'magazi ndi mayesero a mankhwala ndizofunika kuti mudziwe bwino CSB.
Zokakamizira zotsitsimula zimakhudzana ndi kugonana kokwanira. A CSB ndi amuna omwe si a CSB anali ndi chigwirizano chochulukitsa kugonana, ventral striatum, ndi amygdala (Voon et al, 2014). Muzochitika za CSB, kugwirizanitsa ntchito kwaukonde umenewu kumakhudzana ndi chilakolako chogonana chokhudzana ndi chilakolako cha kugonana, motero kuwonetsa ndi zomwe zapezeka m'zoledzeretsa za mankhwala (Voon et al, 2014). Amayi a CSB akuwonetsanso chidwi choyang'ana zolaula, zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu ayambe kuyankhapo mofulumira monga momwe amachitira (Mechelmans et al, 2014). Mu CSB ndi odwala omwe si a CSB PD, kufotokoza zolaula kumawonjezereka kuchitapo kanthu pazomwe zimagwira ntchito pochita zinthu, komanso kugwirizana ndi chilakolako cha kugonana (Politis et al, 2013). Kuphunzira mwachidule kowonongeka kumaphatikizapo zovuta zowonongeka mu CSB ndi amuna omwe si a CSB (Miner et al, 2009).
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kafukufuku mwa anthu athanzi akusonyeza kuti chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso chimathandiza kwambiri. Mwa amuna athanzi, nthawi yochulukirapo yomwe amathera akuonera zolaula imakhudzana ndi zochita za putaminal kumanzere kwa zithunzi zolaula (Kühn ndi Gallinat, 2014). Kuchita zinthu mochedwa kwambiri poyerekezera ndi zithunzi zolaula kunawonedwa mwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika . Zomwe zapezekazi, ngakhale zikusiyana, sizikugwirizana. Kuzolowera kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zokhudzana ndi zizindikiro za kanema kungawonjezeke mwa anthu athanzi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri; pomwe, anthu a CSB omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri/mwanjira yoopsa atha kukhala ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka yowonera zithunzi.
Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wamakono aposachedwapa awonetsa kuti njira zina zothetsera ubongo za CSB zikhoza kuchitika, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitidwa ngati zowonongeka zopatsidwa njira zoperewera (mwachitsanzo, kukula kwazing'ono, zojambula, magawo a amuna okha, ndi zina zotero). Ziphuphu zamakono zofukufuku zikuphatikiza zovuta kutsimikizira ngati CSB ikuyendetsedwa ngati mowa kapena ayi. Kafukufuku wowonjezera amafunika kuti amvetsetse momwe zigawo zogwirira ntchito zimagwirizanirana ndi zofunikira zogonana monga zotsatira za mankhwala a CSB. Kuwonetsa CSB monga 'chizoloŵezi chochita chizoloŵezi cha khalidwe' kungakhale ndi zotsatira zazikulu pa zoyendetsera ndondomeko, zopewera ndi zachipatala; Komabe, panthawiyi, kafufuzidwe ndiyake. Chifukwa cha zofanana pakati pa CSB ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, njira zowonjezereka zowonjezereka zingakhale ndi lonjezo kwa CSB, motero zimapereka chidziwitso cha kafukufuku wamtsogolo kuti akafufuze zomwe zingatheke mwachindunji.
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