Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kapena intaneti "kuyambitsa" zotsatira zoipa kapena kusintha kwa maganizo

Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumayambitsa mavuto?

MAFUNSO: Mukakumana ndi mazana a maphunziro omwe amalumikiza zolaula ndi zotsatira zoyipa, njira yodziwika ndi ovomerezeka a PhDs akunena kuti "palibe chifukwa chomwe chawonetseredwa." Chowonadi ndichakuti zikafika pamaphunziro azachipatala komanso (ambiri) azachipatala, kafukufuku wochepa kwambiri amawonetsa zovuta mwachindunji. Mwachitsanzo, maphunziro onse okhudzana ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ndi kusuta ndudu ndizolumikizana - komabe zoyambitsa ndi zotsatira zake ndizodziwikiratu kwa aliyense kupatula malo olandirira fodya.

Chifukwa cha zoletsedwa zamakhalidwe kafukufuku kawirikawiri amalephera kumanga kuyesera zopanga zofufuza zomwe zingatsimikizire ngati zolaula zimayambitsa zoipa zina. Choncho, amagwiritsa ntchito kugwirizana zitsanzo m'malo mwake. Pambuyo pake, pamene maphunziro a correlational amasonkhanitsidwa pamalo aliwonse ofufuza, pamakhala mfundo yomwe ingapangidwe kuti zitsimikizire mfundo, ngakhale kuti palibe maphunziro oyesera. Ikani njira ina, palibe phunziro limodzi lothandizira lingapereke "mfuti yosuta fodya" mmalo mwa maphunziro, koma umboni wosinthika wa maphunziro ochuluka angagwire ntchito ndi zotsatira. Ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, pafupifupi maphunziro onse omwe amalembedwa ndi othandizira.

Kuti "mutsimikizire" kuti zolaula zimayambitsa vuto la erectile, mavuto amgwirizano, mavuto am'maganizo kapena kusintha kwaubongo komwe kumayenera kukhala ndi magulu awiri akulu amapasa ofanana atabadwa. Onetsetsani kuti gulu limodzi silimayang'ana zolaula. Onetsetsani kuti aliyense mgulu lomwelo akuwonera zolaula zofananira, kwa maola omwewo, pamsinkhu womwewo. Ndipo pitilizani kuyesa kwa zaka 30 kapena kupitilira apo, ndikutsatiridwa ndikuwunika kwakusiyanako.

Kapenanso kafukufuku woyesera "kutsimikizira" kuthekera atha kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu izi:

1. Chotsani zosinthika zomwe mukufuna kuziyeza. Makamaka, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amaima, ndikuyesa kusintha kulikonse masabata, miyezi (zaka?) Mtsogolo. Izi ndi zomwe zikuchitika pamene anyamata ambiri amasiya zolaula kuti athe kuchepetsa vuto lopanda matenda la erectile losagwira ntchito komanso zizindikiro zina (chifukwa cha kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula).
2. Awonetseni omwe akufuna kuchita zolaula ndikuwona zotsatira zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, onaninso kuthekera kwamaphunziro kuti muchepetse kukhutiritsa musanachitike komanso mukakhala ndi zolaula pamalo ochezera.
3. Chitani maphunziro apakatikati, zomwe zikutanthauza kutsatira zotsatirazi kwakanthawi kuti muwone momwe kusintha kwa zolaula (kapena kuchuluka kwa zolaula) kukugwirizana ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndimitengo yakusudzulana pazaka zambiri (kufunsa mafunso ena kuti "azilamulira" zina zomwe zingachitike).

Maphunziro ambiri a anthu pa zovuta zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo intaneti ndi chizoloŵezi chogonana, ndizogwirizana. Pansi pali mndandanda wa maphunziro omwe akutsindika kwambiri kuti kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti (zolaula, masewera, mafilimu) zimayambitsa mavuto aumtima / maganizo, mavuto a kugonana, ubale wosauka waumphawi kusintha, ndi zina zoipa kwa ena ogwiritsa ntchito. Mndandanda wa maphunziro akulekanitsidwa zolaula ndi Kufufuza kwa intaneti. Maphunziro a zolaula amagawidwa m'zigawo za 3 pogwiritsa ntchito njira: (1) kuthetsa zolaula, (2) kutalika, (3) kuyesa zolaula (zowonongeka).

Zithunzi Zolaula Zopereka Zomwe Zimasonyeza Kapena Zisonyezero:

Gawo # 1: Fufuzani pamene ophunzira adasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula:

Zokambirana zokhudzana ndi zolaula zokhudzana ndi kugonana zilipo. The zoyambirira za 7 Zolemba apa zikuwonetseratu kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto a kugonana pamene ophunzira adasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndikuchiritsa matenda osagonana.

Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ogonana? Kubwereza ndi Zipatala zapadera (2016)

Kufufuza kwakukulu kwa mabuku okhudzana ndi zolaula-kunachititsa mavuto a kugonana. Olemba a 7 a US Navy madokotala (a urologists, a maganizo a anthu, ndi a MD ndi PhD mu sayansi), ndemangayi imapereka mauthenga atsopano omwe amasonyeza kukula kwakukulu kwa mavuto aunyamata achinyamata. Limaphunziranso za ubongo zokhudzana ndi zolaula ndi kugonana kudzera pa zolaula pa intaneti. Olembawo amapereka ndondomeko zachipatala za 3 za amuna amene adayambitsa zolaula zogonana. Awiri mwa amuna atatuwa adachiza zovuta zawo zogonana pogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Mwamuna wachitatu adasintha pang'ono pokhapokha atalephera kusiya zolaula. Chidule:

Zinthu zachikhalidwe zomwe poyamba zinalongosola zovuta za kugonana kwa amuna zimawoneka zosakwanira kuti ziwerengere chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa erectile, kuchedwa kuthamangitsidwa, kuchepetsa kugonana kwachigonjetso, ndi kuchepetsa kukhumudwa pakati pa kugonana pakati pa amuna pansi pa 40. Ndemanga iyi (1) imalingalira deta kuchokera kumadera osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, kuchipatala, matenda (uledzere / urology), maganizo (kugonana), zachikhalidwe; ndipo (2) imapereka malipoti okhudzana ndi zachipatala, onse ndi cholinga chopangira njira yothetsera kafukufuku wamtsogolo. Kusinthika kwa kayendedwe kabwino ka ubongo kumafufuzidwa ngati njira yothetsera malingaliro okhudzana ndi zolaula.

Ndemanga iyi ikuwunikiranso zaumboni wosonyeza kuti zolaula za intaneti zitha kupezeka paliponse (zopanda malire, zitha kupezeka mosavuta pazinthu zowonjezereka, makanema amakanema, ndi zina zambiri) zitha kukhala zofunikira kwambiri pakulimbikitsa kukondana ndi zolaula zapa intaneti zomwe sizimasinthika kukhala zenizeni -Amunthu wokhala pachibwenzi, kuti zogonana ndi omwe akukondana nawo asalembetse monga ziyembekezo zamisonkhano zikukhalira. Malipoti azachipatala amati kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti nthawi zina kumakhala kokwanira kusintha zolakwika, kutsimikizira kufunika kofufuzidwa kwakukulu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pa kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula pa intaneti.

Zizoloŵezi za kugonana ndi ziwalo zogonana (2016)

Ovomerezedwa ndi wodwala matenda a maganizo a ku France ndi pulezidenti wa European Federation of Sexology. Mapepalawa akutsatiridwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi 35 omwe adayambitsa matenda ophera erectile ndi / kapena anorgasmia, ndi njira zake zothandizira kuwathandiza. Wolembayo ananena kuti ambiri mwa odwala ake ankagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, ndipo ambiri amangochita zolaula. Mfundo zowoneka pa zolaula pa intaneti ndizo zimayambitsa mavuto. 19 ya amuna a 35 adawona kusintha kwakukulu kwa kugonana. Amuna enawo adasiya mankhwala kapena akuyesera kuti adziwe. Zowonjezera:

Chiyambi: Chosavulaza komanso chothandiza pazochitika zake, chizolowezi chochita maliseche komanso chizoloŵezi chodziwika bwino, chomwe chimagwirizanitsidwa masiku ano ndi zolaula, chimanyalanyazidwa kwambiri pazomwe zimawonetseratu za kugonana zomwe zingayambitse.

Zotsatira: Zotsatira zoyambirira za odwalawa, atalandira chithandizo kuti "asaphunzire" zizolowezi zawo zowononga maliseche komanso zomwe amakonda kuchita zolaula, zimalimbikitsa komanso kulonjeza. Kuchepetsa zizindikilo kunapezeka mwa odwala 19 mwa 35. Zovutazo zidasokonekera ndipo odwalawa adatha kusangalala ndi zochitika zogonana.

Kutsiliza: Kugonjetsa maliseche, kawirikawiri limodzi ndi kudalira pa zolaula, kwawoneka kuti kumawathandiza kuthetsa chidwi cha mitundu ina ya erectile kuperewera kapena kusagwirizana kwa banja. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kukhalapo kwa zizoloŵezizi kulipo kusiyana ndi kuchitapo kanthu kuti chidziwitso chichotsedwe, kuti chiphatikize njira zowononga zizoloŵezi zowonongeka.

Zovuta zachilendo kuchita monga chidziwitso cha matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi chithandizo cha kugonana kwa anyamata (2014)

Chimodzi mwa maphunziro a 4 m'mapepalawa akufotokoza za mwamuna yemwe ali ndi vuto la kugonana ndi zolaula (low libido, fetishes, anorgasmia). Kugonana kumeneku kunkafuna kudziletsa kwa sabata la 6 pa zolaula ndi maliseche. Pambuyo pa miyezi ya 8 mwamunayo adafotokoza chilakolako chogonana, kugonana bwino komanso kugonana, komanso akusangalala ndi "zachiwerewere zabwino. Uwu ndiwo nkhani yoyamba yowonongeka ndi anzako za zolaula zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kugonana. Zithunzi zochokera pamapepala:

Atafunsidwa za zizoloŵezi za masturbatory, iye adanena kuti m'mbuyo mwake adakhala akuchita maliseche mwamsanga ndikuwona zolaula kuyambira ali mwana. Zithunzi zolaula poyamba zinali za zoophilia, ndi ukapolo, ulamuliro, chisoni, ndi masochism, koma pomaliza pake anazoloŵera zidazi ndipo ankafuna zojambula zolaula zambiri, kuphatikizapo kugonana, kugonana, komanso kugonana. Ankagula mafilimu oletsa zolaula pa zochitika zogonana ndi kugwiririra ndikuwonetsa zithunzizi poganiza kuti azigonana ndi amayi. Pang'onopang'ono anataya chilakolako chake ndi kuthekera kwake kuganiza ndi kuchepetsa nthawi yambiri yolaula.

Mogwirizana ndi magawo a mlungu ndi mlungu ndi wodwalayo, wodwalayo adalangizidwa kuti asapewe chilichonse chokhudza kugonana, kuphatikizapo mavidiyo, nyuzipepala, mabuku, ndi intaneti.

Pambuyo pa miyezi ya 8, wodwalayo adanena kuti akupeza bwino ndikumaliza. Anayambitsanso ubale wake ndi mkazi ameneyo, ndipo pang'onopang'ono anapeza chisangalalo chabwino chogonana.

Zimakhala zovuta bwanji kuchepetsa kuthamangitsidwa kochedwa mkati mwachitsanzo chochepa cha kugonana ndi kugonana? Kuyerekeza kwa kafukufuku wamakono (2017)

Ili ndi lipoti lonena za "milandu ingapo" yosonyeza zamatsenga ndi chithandizo chochedwetsa kutaya umuna (anorgasmia). "Wodwala B" amayimira anyamata angapo omwe amathandizidwa ndi othandizira. "Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa Patient B kudakulirakulira", "monga zimakhalira nthawi zambiri." Nyuzipepalayi inanena kuti zokhudzana ndi zolaula zimachedwa kuthamangitsidwa sizachilendo, ndipo zikukwera. Wolembayo akufuna kuti afufuze zochulukira pazokhudzana ndi zolaula pakugonana. Kuchedwa kwa kuleza mtima kwa wodwala B kudachiritsidwa pambuyo pa masabata a 10 opanda zolaula. Zolemba:

Nkhaniyi ndi milandu yambiri yomwe imachotsedwa kuntchito yanga ku National Health Service ku Croydon University Hospital, London. Ndili ndi vutoli (Wodwala B), ndizofunika kuzindikira kuti nkhaniyi ikuonetsa amuna angapo omwe atumizidwa ndi a GP awo ndi matenda omwewo. Wodwala B ndi wa 19 wa zaka zomwe adawonetsa chifukwa sankatha kulowera kudzera podutsa. Pamene anali 13, nthawi zonse ankapeza malo oonera zolaula yekha payekha kupyolera pa intaneti kapena kudzera pazomwe anzake amamutumizira. Iye anayamba kuseweretsa maliseche usiku uliwonse pamene akufufuza foni yake kuti afotokoze fano ... Ngati iye samakhala ndi maliseche sakanatha kugona. Zithunzi zolaula zomwe anali kugwiritsira ntchito zinali zitakula, monga momwe zimakhalira (onani Hudson-Allez, 2010), kukhala zovuta kwambiri (palibe choletsedwa) ...

Wodwala B anawonetsedwa ku zolaula pogwiritsa ntchito zolaula za m'zaka za 12 ndipo zolaula zomwe anali kugwiritsira ntchito zinali zitakula kupita ku ukapolo ndi kulamulidwa ndi zaka za 15.

Tinavomera kuti asagwiritsenso ntchito zolaula kuti achite maliseche. Izi zikutanthauza kusiya foni yake m'chipinda china usiku. Tavomereza kuti adzalora maliseche mosiyana ....

Wodwala B wakwanitsa kukwaniritsa zolaula kudzera mu kulowa mu gawo lachisanu; magawowa amaperekedwa usiku uliwonse ku chipatala cha Croydon University kuti gawo lachisanu lifanane ndi pafupifupi masabata a 10 kuchokera pakufunsana. Iye anali wokondwa ndipo amamasuka kwambiri. M'kutsatira kwa miyezi itatu ndi Odwala B, zinthu zinali zikuyenda bwino.

Wodwala B sikunali yekhayekha mu National Health Service (NHS) ndipo makamaka anyamata ambiri omwe amapeza chithandizo chamaganizo, popanda azimayi awo, amalankhula mozama pa zomwe zimasintha.

Nkhaniyi imathandizira kafukufuku wakale omwe wathandiza kuti anthu azigonana komanso aziwonetsa zolaula. Nkhaniyi ikutsirizira kuti kupambana kwa opatsirana pogonana pogwira ntchito ndi DE sikupezeka kawirikawiri m'mabuku a maphunziro, zomwe zathandiza kuti maganizo a ED monga matenda ovuta achiritsire akhalebe osayamika. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kufufuza zolaula komanso zotsatira zake zokhudzana ndi maliseche komanso chiwerewere.

Mkhalidwe Wathunthu Wopangika Maganizo: Nkhani Yophunzira (2014)

Zowonongeka zikuwulula nkhani ya zolaula-zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu asasokonezeke. Mwamuna yekhayo anali ndi chizoloŵezi chogonana asanakwatirane kawirikawiri amaliseche kuonera zolaula. Ananenanso kuti kugonana sikokwanira kusiyana ndi maliseche. Chidziwitso chofunikira ndi chakuti "kubwezeretsanso" ndi matenda a psychothera alephera kuchiritsa kusayeruzika kwake. Zomwe mapulogalamuwa atalephera, odwalawa adawaletsa kuthetsa maliseche. Potsirizira pake, kuletsedwa kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti kugonana kugwirizane bwino ndi kukondana ndi wokondedwa kwa nthawi yoyamba m'moyo wake. Zina mwazidule:

A ndi mwamuna wamwamuna wa zaka 33 wokwatira wokhala ndi zibwenzi zogonana amuna okhaokha, katswiri wochokera kumudzi wakumidzi komwe amakhala. Sanayambe kugonana asanalowe m'banja. Anayang'ana zolaula ndipo amangochita maliseche nthaŵi zambiri. Chidziwitso chake chokhudza kugonana komanso kugonana chinali chokwanira. Pambuyo paukwati wake, A A adanena kuti libido yake ndi yachibadwa, koma pambuyo pake anachepetsanso chachiwiri ku mavuto ake. Ngakhale kusunthika kwa kayendedwe ka 30-45 maminiti, iye sanathe kukwanitsa kapena kukwaniritsa zolaula pa nthawi yogonana ndi mkazi wake.

Chimene sichinagwire ntchito:

Mankhwala a Mr. A's adagwiritsidwa ntchito; clomipramine ndi bupropion zatha, ndipo sertraline idasungidwa pa mlingo wa 150 mg pa tsiku. Machitidwe opatsirana ndi banjali ankachitika mlungu ndi mlungu kwa miyezi ingapo yoyambirira, yomwe adatsatiridwapo kamodzi kapena kamodzi pamwezi. Malingaliro enieni kuphatikizapo kuganizira zokhudzana ndi kugonana ndikuganiziranso zokhudzana ndi kugonana kusiyana ndi kukasinthidwa kunagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuchepetsa nkhawa ndi kuyang'ana. Popeza mavuto adapitilirabe ngakhale izi zitachitika, mankhwala opatsirana pogonana anali kuganiziridwa.

Pambuyo pake adayambitsa kuletsa maliseche (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti apitiliza kuchita maliseche panthawi yomwe ili pamwambapa)

Kuletsedwa kwa mtundu uliwonse wa kugonana kunanenedwa. Zochita zowonjezereka zowoneka bwino (poyamba sizimagonana komanso pambuyo pake) zimayambitsidwa. A A adafotokozera kuti sangathe kukhala ndi chiwerengero chofanana chokakamizika pa nthawi yogonana poyerekezera ndi zomwe adakumana nazo panthawi ya maliseche. Pomwe lamulo loletsa maliseche linalimbikitsidwa, adafotokoza chikhumbo chokhudzana ndi kugonana ndi mnzake.

Pambuyo pa nthawi yosadziŵika bwino, kuletsa maliseche kumalo opambana:

Pakadali pano, A A ndi mkazi wake adaganiza zotsogola ndi Njira Yothandizila Kuberekera (ART) ndikukayendera magawo awiri a kulowetsedwa kwa intrauterine. Pa gawo loti achite, Mr. A adalumpha kwa nthawi yoyamba, kutsatira zomwe adatha kuchita mosangalatsa panthawi yochulukirapo ya banjali.

Zithunzi Zolaula Zinayambitsa Kulephera kwa Erectile pakati pa Achinyamata (2019)

Mfundo:

Pepala ili likufufuza zochitika za zolaula zinapangitsa kuti erectile iwonongeke (PIED), kutanthauza vuto la kugonana kwa amuna chifukwa cha zolaula za pa Intaneti. Dongosolo lodziwika kuchokera kwa amuna omwe akuvutika ndi vutoli lasonkhanitsidwa. Kuphatikizidwa kwa njira ya mbiri ya moyo wamasewero (ndi zoyankhulana zapamwamba zowonongeka pamakalata) komanso malo ochezera pa intaneti akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Deta yafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kutanthauzira kwachindunji (malinga ndi McLuhan wa nkhani zamankhwala), pogwiritsa ntchito analytic induction. Kafukufuku wamatsenga amasonyeza kuti pali kusiyana pakati pa zolaula ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa erectile komwe kumapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto.

Zomwe zapezekazi zidakhazikitsidwa pazofunsa mafunso 11 komanso zolemba ziwiri zamavidiyo ndi zolemba zitatu zamakalata. Amunawa ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 16 ndi 52; Amanena kuti kuyambitsa zolaula koyambirira (nthawi zambiri paunyamata) kumatsatiridwa ndi kumwa tsiku lililonse mpaka kufikira pomwe pakufika pomwe pomwe zomwe zachitika kwambiri (kuphatikizapo, zachiwawa) zimafunikira kuti pakhale chisangalalo. Imeneyi ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri ngati kugonana komwe kumagonana kumangophatikizidwa ndi zithunzi zolaula komanso zachangu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugonana kuzikhala kosasangalatsa komanso kosasangalatsa. Izi zimachititsa kuti sitingakwanitse kukhala ndi wokondedwa weniweni, pomwe abambo amayamba kukonza zolaula. Izi zathandiza ena mwa amuna kuti ayambirenso kukwaniritsa ndi kusunga erection.

Chiyambi cha zotsatira zotsatira:

Popeza ndasanthula deta, ndawona mapepala ena ndi mitu yowonongeka, motsatira ndondomeko ya nthawi mu zokambirana. Izi ndi: Introduction. Mmodzi amayamba kufotokozera zolaula, nthawi zambiri asanakwatire. Kumanga chizoloŵezi. Munthu amayamba kuonera zolaula nthawi zonse. Kuchuluka. Mmodzi amatembenukira ku mitundu "yoopsa" ya zolaula, zokhutiritsa, kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zomwezo zomwe zidakwaniritsidwira kudzera mu zovuta zolaula.Kuzindikira. Wina amazindikira zovuta zamphamvu zakugonana zomwe amakhulupirira kuti zimayambitsidwa ndi zolaula. "Kubwezeretsanso" ndondomeko. Wina amayesa kuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kapena kuzichotsa kotheratu kuti ayambirenso kugonana. Zambiri pazofunsidwa zimawonetsedwa pamwambapa.

Zobisika Zamanyazi: Zomwe Amuna Achikhalidwe Amachita Pakakhala Kovuta Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula (2019)

Mafunso a 15 ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amuna. Ambiri mwa amunawa anena zolaula, kuchuluka kwa njira zogwiritsirira ntchito komanso zachiwerewere. Malangizo okhudzana ndi zolaula zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azichita zachiwerewere, kuphatikiza Michael, yemwe adakweza kwambiri zochitika zake zogonana panthawi yoletsa kugonana mwakuchepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula:

Amuna ena adakambirana zofunafuna thandizo laukadaulo kuti athane ndi vuto lawo lolaula. Kuyesera kotereku pakufuna thandizo sikunapindule kwa amunawa, ndipo nthawi zina kunawonjezera manyazi. Michael, wophunzira ku yunivesite yemwe adagwiritsa ntchito zolaula makamaka ngati njira yothanirana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi kuphunzira, anali ndi zovuta kusokonekera kwa erectile panthawi yogonana ndi azimayi ndipo adafunafuna thandizo kuchokera kwa General Practitioner Doctor (GP):

Michael: Nditapita kwa dokotala ndili ndi zaka 19 [. . .], adalamula Viagra ndipo adati [nkhani yanga] ndimangokhala nkhawa. Nthawi zina zimagwira ntchito, ndipo nthawi zina sizimagwira. Kunali kafukufuku waumwini komanso kuwerenga komwe kunandionetsa kuti vutoli linali zolaula [. . .] Ngati ndipita kwa adotolo ndili mwana ndipo akandiuza mapiritsi a buluu, ndiye ndimamva ngati palibe amene akulankhulapo. Ayenera kuti amafunsa za momwe ndimagwiritsira ntchito zolaula, osandipatsa Viagra. (23, Middle-Eastern, Wophunzira)

Chifukwa cha zomwe adakumana nazo, Michael sanabwerere ku GP ija ndikuyamba kafukufuku wawo pa intaneti. Pambuyo pake adapeza nkhani yofotokoza za bambo wina wazaka zake zomwe amafotokoza mtundu wofanana ndi vuto lachiwerewere, zomwe zidamupangitsa kuti ayang'ane zolaula ngati angamupatse mwayi. Atapanga kuyesetsa kuti ayesetse kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula, zovuta zake za kusokonekera kwa erectile zinayamba kuyenda bwino. Ananenanso kuti ngakhale maliseche ake okwanira sanachepetse, ankangoyang'ana zolaula pafupifupi theka la zochitikazi. Mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe amaphatikiza zoseweretsa zolaula, Michael adati adatha kukonza kwambiri ntchito yake ya erectile panthawi yogonana ndi akazi.

Phillip, ngati Michael, adafunafuna thandizo pankhani ina yokhudza kugonana yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula. M'malo mwake, Vutoli lidali locheperako pakugonana. Atafika kwa GP wake za vuto lake komanso maulalo ake ogwiritsira ntchito zolaula, a GP akuti alibe zomwe angamupatse ndipo m'malo mwake adamupititsa kwa dokotala wothandiza abambo:

Phillip: Ndinapita kwa GP ndipo adanditengera kwa akatswiri omwe sindimakhulupirira kuti anali othandiza kwambiri. Sanandifotokozere njira yothetsera vuto ndipo sananditengere ntchito mozama. Ndinamaliza kumulipira kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi ya kuwombera kwa testosterone, ndipo inali $ 100 kuwombera, ndipo sizinachite chilichonse. Imeneyo inali njira yawo yonditengera kusokonezeka kwa kugonana. Sindikumva kuti kukambirana kapena zochitika zinali zokwanira. (29, Asia, Student)

Wofunsira: [Pofotokozera mfundo yomwe mudatchulayo, kodi izi ndi zomwe zakuchitikirani] zomwe zidakuletsani kufunafuna thandizo pambuyo pake?

Phillip: Yup.

Ma GPs ndi akatswiri omwe anafunsidwa ndi omwe adatenga nawo mbali akuwoneka kuti amangopereka mayankho a biomedical, njira yomwe yatsutsidwa m'mabuku (Tiefer, 1996). Chifukwa chake, chithandizo ndi chithandizo chomwe amunawa adatha kulandira kuchokera kwa a GP awo sichimangowonedwa kuti ndi chokwanira, komanso chinawapangitsa kuti asapeze thandizo la akatswiri. Ngakhale mayankho a biomedical akuwoneka kuti ndi yankho lotchuka kwambiri kwa madotolo (Potts, Grace, Gavey, & Vares, 2004), njira yodziwikiratu yokhudzana ndi kasitomala ikufunika, popeza zomwe anthu akuwunikira mwina ndizam'maganizo ndipo mwina zimapangidwa ndi zolaula gwiritsani.

Mmene Kudziletsa Kumakhudzira Zokonda (2016) [Zotsatira zoyambirira] - Zowonjezera kuchokera muchidule:

Zotsatira za Wave Woyamba - Zotsatira Zazikulu

1. Kutalika kwa gulu lalitali kwambiri la streak omwe adachitapo kanthu asanalowe nawo muzofukufuku zofanana ndi nthawi zomwe amakonda. Kafukufuku wachiwiri adzayankha funso ngati kudziletsa kwa nthawi yaitali kumapangitsa ophunzira kukhala otha kuchepetsa mphotho, kapena ngati odwala odwala ambiri angathe kuchita mitsinje yayitali.
2. Kutaya nthawi yaitali nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa chiopsezo chochepa (chomwe chili chabwino). Kafukufuku wachiwiri adzapereka umboni womaliza.
3. Chikhalidwe chikugwirizana ndi kutalika kwa streaks. Vuto lachiwiri lidzasonyeza ngati kudziletsa kumakhudza umunthu kapena ngati umunthu ukhoza kufotokoza kusiyana kwa kutalika kwa mitsinje.

Zotsatira za Wave Wachiwiri - Zotsatira Zazikulu

1. Kupewa zolaula ndi kuseweretsa maliseche kumapangitsa kuti muzitha kuchepetsa malipiro
2. Kuchita nawo nthawi ya kudziletsa kumapangitsa anthu kukhala okonzeka kuchita ngozi
3. Kudziletsa kumapangitsa anthu kukhala osasamala
4. Kudziletsa kumapangitsa kuti anthu azichita zinthu monyanyira, mosamala, komanso mosaganizira kwambiri

Chikondi Chimene Sichikhalitsa: Zolaula Zogwiritsira Ntchito ndi Kudzipereka Kwambiri kwa Wokondedwa Wanu Wachikondi (2012)

Ophunzira sankafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula (masabata okha a 3). Poyerekeza magulu awiriwa, anthu omwe adagwiritsa ntchito zolaula adanena kuti ndi otsika kwambiri kusiyana ndi kulamulira anthu. N'chiyani chingachitike ngati atasiya miyezi 3 mmalo mwa masabata a 3? Zowonjezera:

Tinafufuza ngati zolaula zimakhudza chibwenzi, ndi kuyembekezera kuti mapulogalamu apamwamba owonetsa zolaula angagwirizane ndi kuchepa kwa kudzipereka kwaukwati wachikulire.

Phunzirani 1 (n = 367) adapeza kuti kugwiritsira ntchito zithunzi zolaula kunkagwirizana ndi kudzipereka, komanso

Phunzirani 2 (n = 34) adatsutsa izi pofufuza deta.

[Ndi] Phunziro 3 (n = 20) ophunzira omwe anapatsidwa mwachangu kuti azipewa kuonerera zolaula kapena ntchito yodziletsa. Anthu omwe adapitiliza kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula amaonetsa kudzipereka kwakukulu kusiyana ndi kulamulira anthu.

Njirayi inathandizira kuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa zolaula zolaula kwa nthawi ya phunziro la masabata atatu, komabe sizinalepheretse ophunzira kuti apitirizebe kumwa. Lingaliro lathu linalimbikitsidwa pamene otsogolera pa zolaula zogwiritsira ntchito zolaula adawonetsa kuchepa kwa kudzipereka poyerekeza ndi ophunzira pakupewa zolaula.

Kugulitsa Pambuyo Panthawi Zokondweretsa: Zithunzi Zolaula Ntchito ndi Kutaya Kupeza (2015)

Kuyamba kwa pepala:

Zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti ndimakampani opanga mabiliyoni ambiri omwe akupezeka mosavuta. Kuchotsera mochedwa kumaphatikizapo kutsika pamtengo waukulu, pambuyo pake kulandira mphotho zazing'ono, zomwe zingachitike mwachangu. Kukhazikika kwanthawi zonse komanso kutsogola kwa zoyipa zakugonana monga mphotho zamphamvu zachilengedwe zimapangitsa kuti zolaula za pa intaneti zikhale zoyambitsa mphotho muubongo, potero zimakhala ndi tanthauzo pakupanga zisankho. Kutengera maphunziro a chiphunzitso cha psychology ndi neuroeconomics, kafukufuku awiri adayesa lingaliro loti kuwonera zolaula pa intaneti kumakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwakuchedwa kuchotsera.

Phunzirani 1 ntchito yopanga utoto wautali. Ophunzirawo adamaliza zolaula amagwiritsa ntchito mafunso komanso ntchito yowonongeka ku Time 1 ndipo kenaka patatha milungu inayi. Otsatira omwe akuwonetsa zolaula zoyambirira zikugwiritsidwa ntchito akuwonetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa chiwongoladzanja pa Time 2, kuyang'anira kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa.

Phunzirani 2 kuyesedwa mwachidwi ndi kapangidwe koyesera. Ophunzirawo anapatsidwa mwayi wopewera zakudya zomwe amakonda kapena zolaula kwa milungu itatu. Ophunzira omwe adapewa zolaula amagwiritsa ntchito kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kusiyana ndi ophunzira omwe adasiya zakudya zomwe amakonda. Zomwe akupezazi zikusonyeza kuti zolaula pa intaneti ndi mphoto ya kugonana yomwe imapangitsa kuchedwa kuchotsa mosiyana kusiyana ndi mphoto zina zachilengedwe. Maphunziro a zokhudzana ndi maphunzirowa akufotokozedwa.

Pepala ili liri maphunziro awiri a nthawi yayitali akuwunika zomwe zolaula za pa intaneti zimakhudza "kuchepetsa kuchotsera." Kutaya kuchepetsa kumachitika pamene anthu amasankha madola khumi pompano osati madola 20 pamlungu. Ndikulephera kuchedwetsa kukhutitsidwa msanga ndi mphotho yamtengo wapatali mtsogolo.

Ganizirani za wotchuka Chiyeso cha Stanford marshmallow, kumene 4 ndi 5 a zaka zapitazo adauzidwa ngati atachedwa kudya nthendayi imodzi pamene wofufuzirayo adatuluka, adzalandira mphotho yachiwiri pamene wofufuzirayo adabwerera. Penyani izi zoseketsa kanema wa ana ndikulimbana ndi chisankho ichi.

The phunziro loyamba (azaka zapakati pazaka 20) zolaula zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa zimagwiritsa ntchito ziwerengero zawo pantchito yokonzanso yomwe yachedwa. Zotsatira:

Kuonerera zolaula komwe anthu adadya, ndipamenenso adawona mphoto zam'tsogolo zomwe zingapindulepo kuposa mphotho yomweyo, ngakhale kuti madalitso amtsogolo anali ofunika kwambiri.

Mwachidule, zolaula zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zochepa zochepetsera kukondweretsa mphoto zazikulu zamtsogolo. Pa gawo lachiwiri la kafukufuku omwe adafufuzanso nkhani zomwe zinachedwa kuchepetsa masabata a 4 kenako ndikugwirizana ndi zolaula zawo.

Zotsatira izi zikusonyeza kuti Kupitirizabe kuganizira zolaula zokhudzana ndi zolaula zimakhudzana ndi kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa nthawi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kunapangitsa wamkulu Sachedwa kuchepetsa masabata a 4. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kumapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kukondweretsa, m'malo molephera kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula. Phunziro lachiwiri linayendetsa nyumbayi.

A phunziro lachiwiri (zaka zapakatikati 19) adachitidwa kuti aone ngati kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula zimayambitsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa, kapena kulephera kuchepetsa kukondweretsa. Ochita kafukufuku anagawikana ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula m'magulu awiri:

1. Gulu limodzi linapewa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa masabata a 3,
2. Gulu lina lachiwiri linasiya zakudya zomwe ankakonda masabata a 3.

Ophunzira onse anauzidwa kuti phunziroli linali lonena za kudziletsa, ndipo anasankhidwa mwachisawawa kuti asiye ntchito zawo.

Mbali yanzeru inali yoti ochita kafukufuku anali ndi gulu lachiwiri la ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuti asadye chakudya chomwe amakonda. Izi zidatsimikizira kuti 1) maphunziro onse omwe amachita kudziletsa, ndipo 2) zolaula zomwe gulu lachiwiri silinakhudzidwe.

Kumapeto kwa masabata a 3, ophunzirawo adagwira nawo ntchito yowunika kuchotsera kuchedwa. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, pomwe "gulu lodziletsa" lidayang'ana zolaula kuposa "omwe amakonda kudya," ambiri sanatsutse kwathunthu kuonera zolaula. Zotsatira:

Monga ananeneratu, Ophunzira omwe adayesa kudziletsa pa chilakolako chawo chodya zolaula adasankha kuchuluka kwa mapiri akuluakulu, amtsogolo poyerekeza ndi ophunzira omwe ankadziletsa okha pa zakudya zawo koma anapitiriza kupitiriza kuonera zolaula.

Gulu lomwe limachepetsa zolaula zawo kwa masabata a 3 silinachedwe kuchotsera kuposa gulu lomwe limakana chakudya chomwe amakonda. Mwachidule, kupewa zolaula pa intaneti kumawonjezera ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuti achedwetse kukhutira. Kuchokera pa kafukufukuyu:

Potero, kumanga pazomwe zimapangidwira kutalika kwa Phunziro 1, tinasonyeza kuti kugwiritsira ntchito zithunzi zolaula kunkagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa. Kuchita kudziletsa mu chigonjetso chogonana kunakhudza kwambiri kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kukhumudwitsa thupi (mwachitsanzo, kudya zakudya zomwe mumazikonda).

Kutenga:

1. Sikunali kudziletsa komwe kumawonjezera kuthekera kwakuchedwetsa kukhutitsidwa. Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
2. Zolaula za pa Intaneti ndizochititsa chidwi kwambiri.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti, ngakhale osakhala osokoneza bongo, kumakhala ndi zotsatira za nthawi yaitali.

Kodi chofunikira ndikuti kuchotsera kuchotsera (kutha kuchedwetsa kukhutitsidwa)? Kuchedwetsa kuchotsera kumalumikizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kutchova juga mopitirira muyeso, machitidwe achiwerewere oopsa komanso chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito intaneti.

Kubwerera ku "kuyesa kwa marshmallow" mu 1972: Ofufuzawo adanenanso kuti ana omwe anali ofunitsitsa kuchedwetsa chisangalalo ndikudikirira kulandira marshmallow wachiwiri adakhala ndi ziwonetsero zambiri za SAT (aptitude), kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuchepa kwa kunenepa kwambiri, mayankho abwinoko Kupanikizika, kukhala ndi maluso abwino monga ananenera makolo awo, ndikuchita bwino pamayeso ena amoyo (maphunziro omwe akutsatira Pano, Panondipo Pano). Kukwanitsa kuchepetsa kukondweretsa kunali kofunikira kuti moyo ukhale wopambana.

Kafukufukuyu amatembenuza zonse pamutu pake. Pomwe kafukufuku wa marshmallow akulozera kuthekera kochedwetsa kukhutitsidwa ngati chinthu chosasinthika, kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti ndimadzimadzi, pamlingo winawake. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu sizinali chinthu chofunikira. Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kumakhudza nkhani zomwe zingachedwetse kukhutira. Kuchokera pa kafukufukuyu:

"Zotsatira zathu zalimbitsanso zomwe tapeza kuti kusiyana kwakuchedwa kuchotsera makamaka kumachitika chifukwa cha machitidwe osati malingaliro amtundu."

Motero,

"Ngakhale kutukuka komanso kubadwa kwazinthu zitha kutenga gawo lalikulu pakuchepetsa mtima komanso kuzengereza, machitidwe ndi mtundu wa zoyambitsa komanso mphotho zimathandizanso kukulitsa zizolowezi zoterezi."

Mfundo ziwiri zofunika: 1) omverawo sanafunsidwe kuti apewe maliseche kapena kugonana - zolaula zokha, ndi 2) nkhanizo sizinali zolaula kapena zosokoneza bongo. Zomwe apezazi zikuwonetsa kuti zolaula pa intaneti ndizapadera komanso zamphamvu zovuta kwambiri, zomwe zingasinthe zomwe ofufuza ngakhale anali khalidwe lachibadwa. Kuchokera pa phunziro:

"Zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti ndi mphotho yakugonana yomwe imathandizira kuchedwetsa kuchotsera mosiyana ndi mphotho zina zachilengedwe, ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito sikokakamiza kapena kosokoneza bongo. Kafukufukuyu akuthandizira kwambiri, kuwonetsa kuti zotsatira zake zimangodutsa kudzutsa kwakanthawi. ”

As zikwi zikwi zowonjezera [ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe amafuna kusiya zolaula] awulula, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kumatha kukhudza zambiri kuposa kugonana. Kuchokera pamapeto pa phunziroli:

“Kuonera zolaula kumapangitsa munthu kukhala ndi chilakolako chogonana msanga koma kumatha kukhala ndi tanthauzo lomwe limakhudza gawo lina la moyo wamunthu, makamaka maubale. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti tione zolaula ngati zochitika zapadera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tipindule, tipitirize kuphunziranso, komanso kuti tigwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa.. "

Phunziroli lilinso ndi zokambirana zothandiza pantchito ya dopamine ndi machitidwe oyendetsedwa ndi chidwi. Kuphatikiza apo, imapereka kafukufuku wambiri pazifukwa zakugonana ndi njira zapaintaneti (zachilendo zonse) zimafuna kulingalira mwapadera. Mwa chisinthiko, mwayi wopulumuka wochotsera kuchotsera chilakolako chogonana ungakhale kulimbikitsa nyama kuti '' zitenge pakukula, '' ndikupatsirana chibadwa chawo.

Monga ofufuza adati,

"Zithunzi zolaula palokha zitha kukhala zopanda vuto koma, tikapatsidwa zomwe tikudziwa za mphotho ndi kukula kwa kugonana monga mphotho yachilengedwe komanso chisonkhezero chowoneka bwino, imakhalanso ndi chizolowezi chomangokhala osokoneza bongo."

Ofufuzawa ananeneratu kuti zolaula zingapangitse zifukwa za 3 kuti:

1. Zofuna zogonana zingakhale zamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo zakhudzana ndi kukhudzidwa mu kafukufuku wakale
2. Kuonera zithunzi zolaula kumakhala kosavuta kumenyana kwenikweni, kungakhale kozoloŵera, ndipo munthu amene ali ndi vutoli akhoza kukhala wosangalala
3. Zosangalatsa zonse za intaneti zingachititse kubwereza mobwerezabwereza ndi kuzoloŵera (kuchepa kuchitapo kanthu, kuyendetsa chosowa cholimbikitsa)

Pomalizira, monga nkhani zambiri zidakali aang'ono, pali zokambirana mwachidule za momwe achinyamata angakhalire wovuta kwambiri zotsatira zolaula pa intaneti.

"Ponena za zitsanzo zamakono za ophunzira aku koleji (azaka zapakati pa 19 ndi 20), ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti, mwachilengedwe, unyamata umafikira pafupifupi zaka 25. Achinyamata amawonetsa chidwi chochulukirapo komanso samadana kwambiri ndi kuchuluka, kuwapangitsa kukhala ochulukirapo atengeke. ”

Gawo # 2: Maphunziro a kutalika:

Anyamata akunyamata akuyang'ana pa zolaula pa intaneti: Maubwenzi kuti atchule nthawi, kufunafuna, ndi kuphunzitsa maphunziro (2014)

Kuwonjezeka kwa kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kunatsatiridwa ndi kuchepa kwa maphunziro. Chidule:

Phunziro la magawo awirili likuyesa kuyesa chitsanzo chofanana pakati pa anyamata oyambirira (Kutanthauza zaka = 14.10; N = 325) kuti: (a) akufotokozera momwe akuwonera zolaula pa Intaneti poyang'ana maubwenzi ndi nthawi yofunira, ndi (b) ) amafufuza zotsatira zomwe zimawoneka chifukwa cha kuonera zolaula pa Intaneti pa maphunziro awo. Chitsanzo chotsatira chowonetseratu chikusonyeza kuti nthawi yowonetsera nthawi ndi zochitika zodziwika zogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti. Anyamata omwe ali ndi msinkhu wamasewera komanso anyamata omwe ali ndi chilakolako chofuna kuonera zolaula pa Intaneti. Komanso, kugwiritsira ntchito zithunzi zolaula ku Intaneti kunachepetsa anyamata kuti azigwira ntchito patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kukambitsirana kukugogomezera zotsatira za njirayi yophatikizira kafukufuku wam'tsogolo pa intaneti.

Zimene Achinyamata Amasonyeza pa Nkhani Zogonana pa Intaneti Nkhani ndi Kukhutira Pagonana: Phunziro Lakale (2009)

Kuphunzira kwanthawi yaitali. Chidule:

Pakati pa May 2006 ndi May 2007, tinayambitsa kafukufuku wamagulu atatu pakati pa achinyamata a 1,052 Dutch omwe ali ndi zaka 13-20. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito adawulula kuti kuwonetsa kwa ZINTHU nthawi zonse kunachepetsanso kugonana kwa achinyamata. Kugonjetsa kugonana kwabwino (mu Wave 2) kunachulukitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito ZOONA (mu Wave 3). Zotsatira za KUKHULUPIRIRA pa kukhutitsidwa kwa kugonana sizinali zosiyana pakati pa anyamata ndi anyamata.

Kodi Kuonera Zithunzi Zolaula Kumachepetsa Makhalidwe Abanja Panthaŵi? Umboni wochokera ku Longitudinal Data (2016)

Kafukufuku woyamba wa kutalika kwa gawo loyimirira la okwatirana. Idapeza zovuta zoyipa zakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pamkhalidwe wokhutira ndiukwati pakapita nthawi. Chidule:

Phunziroli ndilo loyamba kufotokozera pazomwe zikuimira dziko lonse, maulendo a nthawi yaitali (2006-2012 Zithunzi za American Life Study) kuti aone ngati zolaula zambiri zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimakhudza khalidwe la banja pambuyo pake ndipo ngati zotsatirazi zimayesedwa ndi amuna. Mwambiri, anthu okwatirana omwe kawirikawiri ankawona zolaula ku 2006 amafotokoza khalidwe laling'ono laukwati mu 2012, osagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa khalidwe loyambirira laukwati ndi zofunikira zogwirizana. PZotsatira za zolembedwazo sizinali zokhazokha zosakhutiritsa moyo wokhudzana ndi kugonana kapena kupanga zisankho muukwati mu 2006. Pazomwe zimakhudza kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri mu 2006 kudali chiwonetsero chachiwiri champhamvu chaukwati mu 2012

Mpaka pa Zithunzi Zimatipangitsa Kukhala Mbali? Zotsatira za Zithunzi Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito Kutha kwa Banja, (2016)

Kafukufukuyu adagwiritsa ntchito gulu lomwe likuyimira gulu la General Social Survey lomwe lasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kwa anthu masauzande akulu ku America. Omwe anafunsidwa anafunsidwa katatu za momwe amaonera zolaula komanso maukwati awo - zaka ziwiri zilizonse kuyambira 2006-2010, 2008-2012, kapena 2010-2014. Zolemba:

Kuyambira zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa mafunde ofufuza pafupifupi kawiri mwayi wokhala wosudzulana ndi nthawi yotsatira, kuyambira 6 peresenti mpaka 11 peresenti, ndipo pafupifupi kuwirikiza katatu kwa azimayi, kuyambira 6 peresenti mpaka 16 peresenti. Zotsatira zathu zimasonyeza kuti kuonerera zolaula, muzochitika zina, zimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa pazakhazikika m'banja.

Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuzawo adawona kuti omwe adayankha omwe adafunsidwa kuti ali ndi chisangalalo chokwatirana adachita gawo lofunikira pakuzindikira kukula kwa kuyanjana ndi zolaula zomwe zingachitike posudzulana. Mwa anthu omwe adanena kuti anali "osangalala kwambiri" muukwati wawo pamafunde oyamba, kuwonera zolaula zisanachitike kafukufukuyu adalumikizidwa ndikuwonjezeka kwakukulu - kuchokera pa 3% mpaka 12% - mwayi woti banja lithe posachedwa kafukufuku wotsatira uja.

Kuonera zolaula pa Intaneti ndi khalidwe la ubale: Kuphunzira kwa nthawi yaitali mkati ndi pakati pa zotsatira zothandizira kusintha, kukhutira ndi kugonana komanso zolaula zomwe zilipo pakati pa atsopano (2015)

Chidule cha phunziro ili lautali:

The Deta kuchokera ku chitsanzo chokwanira cha anthu okwatirana kumene anasonyezeratu kuti ZOYENERA kugwiritsa ntchito zili ndi zoyipa kwambiri kuposa zotsatira zabwino kwa amuna ndi akazi. Chofunika kwambiri, kusintha kwa amuna kunachepetsanso ntchito YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA PAKATI pa nthawi ndipo ntchito ya SEIM inachepetsa kusintha. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kukhutira ndi kugonana kwa amuna omwe amaloledwa kuchepa kwa Akazi awo amatha chaka chimodzi, pomwe akazi omwe akugwiritsa ntchito sanagwirizane ndi kugonana kwa amuna awo.

Zithunzi Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito Maanja ndi Kugawanika: Umboni Wochokera ku Two-Wave Panel Data (2017)

Chidule cha phunziro ili lautali:

Kujambula pa deta kuchokera ku ma 2006 ndi 2012 mafunde a zithunzi zoimira dziko la American Life Study, nkhaniyi inafotokoza ngati anthu okwatirana a ku America amene ankawona zolaula ku 2006, kaya nthawi zonse kapena nthawi zambiri, amakhala osiyana ndi 2012. Kusanthula kwazinthu zamagulu zolimbitsa thupi zasonyezedwa kuti Achimerika omwe anakwatira omwe ankaona zolaula konse mu 2006 anali oposa kawiri ngati omwe omwe sadawonere zolaula kuti adzipatsidwe ndi 2012, ngakhale atatha kuyang'anira chisangalalo cha 2006 m'banja komanso kukhutira ndi kugonana kwabwino. Chiyanjano pakati pa zolaula chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza komanso kupatukana kwa banja, komabe, inali yodziwika bwino. Mkwati wopatukana m'banja ndi 2012 ukuwonjezeka ndi zolaula za 2006 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimakana pa zochitika zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito N'zotheka Kwambiri Kugonana Kwachikondi? Umboni wochokera ku Longitudinal Data (2017)

Chidule cha phunziro ili lautali:

Kafukufukuyu adafufuza ngati anthu a ku Amerika omwe amawonetsa zolaula, nthawi zonse kapena zambiri, amatha kufotokozera zakugonana kwa nthawi. Deta yamtundu wautali inatengedwa kuchokera ku ma 2006 ndi 2012 mafunde a zithunzi zoimira dziko la American Life Study. Kusanthula kwa chiwerengero cha kugonana kwabanthu kunasonyeza kuti Anthu a ku America amene ankaonera zolaula konse ku 2006 anali ochepa kwambiri ngati omwe sanaonepo zithunzi zolaula kuti adziwe kuti akugonana ndi 2012, ngakhale atayesetsa kuchita zinthu monga 2006 ndi maubwenzi ena. Kuyanjana uku kunali kolimba kwambiri kwa amuna kusiyana ndi akazi ndi Ammerika osakwatira kusiyana ndi Achimereka okwatirana. Kufufuza komweku kunasonyezanso mgwirizano wofanana pakati pa momwe America amawonera zolaula ku 2006 komanso zovuta zawo zogonana ndi 2012.

Kugwirizana pakati pa Kuwonetsera Kuonera Zolaula pa Intaneti, Maphunziro a Paganizo ndi Chilolezo Chogonana pakati pa achinyamata a ku Hong Kong Achinyamata Achichepere: Kuphunzira Kwambiri Kwambiri Kwambiri (2018)

Kuphunzira kwa nthawi yaitali kotereku kunapezeka kuti kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kunakhudzana ndi kuvutika maganizo, kuchepetsa moyo wokhutira ndi kugonana. Zowonjezera:

Poyerekezera ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, zithunzi zolaula zogwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zowawa, ndipo zikugwirizana ndi maphunziro apitalo (monga Ma et al. 2018; Wolak et al. 2007). Achinyamata, omwe ankadzionetsera mwachisawawa zithunzi zolaula pa Intaneti, adanena zapamwamba kwambiri za chizindikiro chachisoni. Zotsatirazi zikugwirizana ndi maphunziro apitalo omwe amachititsa kuti ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito intaneti ikhale yosasokoneza, monga zizindikiro zachisoni (Nesi ndi Prinstein 2015; Primack et al. 2017; Zhao et al. 2017), kudzilemekeza (Apaolaza et al. 2013; Valkenburg et al. 2017), ndi kusungulumwa (Bonetti et al. 2010; Ma 2017). Kuwonjezera apo, phunziroli limapereka chithandizo cholimba cha zotsatira za nthawi yaitali za kuwonetsa mwachangu zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti pa kupsinjika kwa nthawi. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kuyang'ana koyambirira kuwonetsa zolaula kungawononge zizindikiro zachisoni m'zaka zaunyamata ....

Ubale wolakwika pakati pa kukhutira moyo ndi kuwonetsa zolaula pa intaneti zinali zogwirizana ndi maphunziro oyambirira (Peter ndi Valkenburg 2006; Ma et al 2018; Wolak et al. 2007). Phunziroli likuwonetsa kuti achinyamata omwe sakhutira kwambiri pamoyo wawo pa Wave 2 angawatsogolere kuti awonetsere mitundu yonse ya zolaula pa Wave 3.

Kafukufuku wamakono akuwonetsa zotsatira zotsatizana ndi zowonjezereka za chilolezo chogonana pa mitundu yonse yowonetsera zolaula pa intaneti. Monga momwe tinkayembekezera kuchokera ku kafukufuku wakale (Lo ndi Wei 2006; Brown ndi L'Engle 2009; Peter ndi Valkenburg 2006), achinyamata omwe amaloledwa kugonana amavomereza kuti ali ndi zithunzi zambiri zolaula

Gawo #3: Kuyesera kuwonetsa zolaula:

Zotsatira za Kusungunuka kwa Amuna Achichepere Kuwoneka Kwambiri kwa Akazi Amuna Kapena Akazi Amuna (1984)

Chidule:

Omaliza maphunziro achimuna amawonetsedwa (a) zochitika zachilengedwe kapena (b) okongola motsutsana (c) ndi akazi osakopa mukamakopeka ndi kugonana. Pambuyo pake, adayesa kukondana ndi atsikana anzawo ndikuwunika kukhutira ndi anzawo. Pazithunzi zofananira zamatupi athupi lathyathyathya kudzera m'mawere ndi matako a hypervoluptuous, kuwonekera kwa akazi okongola kumalepheretsa pempholo la okwatirana, pomwe kuwonekera kwa akazi osakopa kumawonjezera izi. Pambuyo powonekera kwa akazi okongola, kukongola kwa okwatirana kudatsika kwambiri pamayeso omwe adapangidwa atawonekera kwa akazi osakopa; mtengowu umakhala pakatikati pambuyo pakuwonekera. Kusintha kwa chidwi cha okwatirana sikunafanane ndi kusintha kokhutira ndi okwatirana, komabe.

Zotsatira za Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Zambiri Pakati pa Makhalidwe Abanja (1988)

Chidule:

Ophunzira achimuna ndi aakazi ndi osapulumutsidwa anadziwika ndi mavidiyo omwe ali ndi zithunzi zolaula zomwe si zachilendo kapena zosavomerezeka. Chiwonetsero chinali mu magawo ola lililonse mu masabata asanu otsatira. Mu sabata lachisanu ndi chiwiri, maphunziro adagwirizana nawo mosagwirizana ndi mabungwe a anthu komanso zosangalatsa zawo. Ukwati, mgwirizano wokondana, ndi nkhani zowonjezereka zinaweruzidwa pafunso lofunika kwambiri la funso-la-Marriage. Zomwe anapeza zikusonyeza kuti zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza.

Kuwonetsetsa kunayambitsa, pakati pazinthu zina, kuvomereza kwakukulu kwa kugonana koyambirira kapena kosakwatirana komanso kulekerera kwambiri kugonana kosagwirizana ndi anthu omwe ali pachibwenzi. Chimalimbikitsa chikhulupiliro chakuti chiwerewere ndi chachiwerewere ndi chachibadwa komanso kuti kuponderezedwa kwa chiwerewere kumawopsa. Chiwonetsero chimachepetsa kuyesa kwaukwati, kupanga chionetsero ichi kukhala chosafunika kwambiri komanso chosatheka kwambiri m'tsogolomu. Kuwonetsetsa kunachepetsanso chilakolako chokhala ndi ana komanso kulimbikitsa kuvomereza kulamulidwa kwa amuna komanso ukapolo wazimayi. Ndi zochepa zochepa, zotsatirazi zinali zunifolomu kwa amuna ndi akazi omwe anafunsidwa komanso kwa ophunzira komanso osaphunzira.

Zithunzi zolaula zokhudzana ndi kugonana (1988)

Chidule:

Ophunzira achimuna ndi aakazi ndi osapulumutsidwa anadziwika ndi mavidiyo omwe ali ndi zithunzi zolaula zomwe si zachilendo kapena zosavomerezeka. Chiwonetsero chinali mu magawo ola lililonse mu masabata asanu otsatira. Mu sabata lachisanu ndi chiwiri, maphunziro adagwirizana nawo mosagwirizana ndi mabungwe a anthu komanso zosangalatsa zawo. [Kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula] kunakhudza kwambiri kudziwonetsera nokha pa chidziwitso cha kugonana. Pambuyo poona zithunzi zolaula, nkhani zinkakhutira kwambiri ndi anzawo omwe amagwirizana nawo makamaka, ndi chikondi chawo, maonekedwe awo, chilakolako chogonana, ndi kugonana koyenera. Kuonjezera apo, maphunziro omwe anapatsidwa anawonjezera kufunika kwa kugonana popanda kukhudzidwa mtima. Izi zotsatira zake zinali zunifolomu kudutsa amuna ndi akazi.

Chikoka cha anthu ambiri otchuka pa ziweruzo za alendo komanso okwatirana (1989)

Chidule:

Kuyesera 2, nkhani zamwamuna ndi zazimayi zimawonekera kuti azigonana ndi amuna anzawo. Phunziro lachiwiri, panali kugwirizana kwa kugonana ndi chikhalidwe chokhudzidwa pa zokopa za kugonana. Zowonongeka zowonongeka kwapakati zimapezeka kwa amuna okhaokha omwe amawonekera kwa nkhono zazimayi. Amuna amene adapeza PlayboyZomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri zimakhala zokondweretsa zokha zokha zokhala ndi chikondi chochepa ndi akazi awo.

Kusinkhasinkha kwa zithunzi zojambula zithunzi kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yosamvetsetsa ikugwira ntchito (2013)

Asayansi a ku Germany apeza zimenezo Internet erotica ikhoza kuchepetsa kukumbukira ntchito. Muyeso lojambula zolaula, anthu odwala 28 ankagwira ntchito zokumbukira pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zosiyana za 4, zomwe zinali zolaula. Ophunzirawo adavotera zithunzi zolaula zokhudzana ndi chilakolako chogonana ndi zilakolako zakugonana asanakhalepo, komanso pambuyo pake, kufotokozera zithunzi zolaula. Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti kukumbukira ntchito kunali koipitsitsa panthawi yowonera zolaula ndipo kuti kukweza kwakukulu kunachepetsa dontho.

Kukumbukira ntchito ndi kuthekera kokumbukira zomwe mukulemba mukamazigwiritsa ntchito kumaliza ntchito kapena kuthana ndi vuto. Mwachitsanzo, ndimatha kutulutsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana mukamakhala ndi vuto la masamu kapena kuwasungitsa otchulidwa pomwe mukuwerenga nkhani. Zimakuthandizani kuti muzikumbukira cholinga chanu, kupewa zosokoneza ndikuletsa kusankha mopupuluma, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira pakuphunzira ndikukonzekera. Kafukufuku wosasinthasintha ndikuti zomwe zokhudzana ndi zosokoneza bongo zimalepheretsa kukumbukira kukumbukira. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, zidakhwa zomwe zidaphunzira mwezi umodzi kuti zikwaniritse kukumbukira kwa magwiridwe antchito zawona kuchepa kwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa komanso kuchuluka kwa kukumbukira ntchito. Mwanjira ina, kukonza kukumbukira kukumbukira kumagwira ntchito kulimbitsa kulamulira. Chidule:

Anthu ena amafotokoza mavuto panthawi yogonana pa intaneti ndi pambuyo, monga kusowa tulo ndikuiwala mayina, omwe amakhudzidwa ndi zotsatira zoipa za moyo. Njira imodzi yomwe ingabweretse mavuto amenewa ndikuti kugonana pa nthawi yogonana pa Intaneti kungasokoneze mphamvu ya kukumbukira ntchito (WM), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kunyalanyaza zinthu zowonongeka kwazomwe zimapangidwira zachilengedwe komanso kusokoneza chisankho. Zotsatira zinawonetsa zovuta kwambiri za WM kuchithunzi cha zithunzi zolaula za ntchito ya 4-kumbuyo poyerekeza ndi zinthu zitatu zotsalira. Zakafukufuku zafotokozedwa potsata kuledzera kwa intaneti chifukwa chakuti kulephera kwa WM ndi zida zokhudzana ndi chizoloŵezi cha mankhwala oledzeretsa zimadziwika bwino kuchokera kuzinthu zowonongeka.

Zosakaniza Zojambula Zogonana Ndizochita Zosankha Zokhumudwitsa (2013)

Kafukufuku adapeza kuti kuwonera zithunzi zolaula kunasokoneza chisankho popanga mayeso ozindikira. Izi zikusonyeza kuti zolaula zingakhudze magwiridwe antchito, omwe ndi maluso amisala omwe amakuthandizani kuti muchite bwino. Maluso awa amalamulidwa ndi gawo laubongo lotchedwa preortal cortex. Chidule:

Kuchita zisankho kunali koipa kwambiri pamene zithunzi zachiwerewere zimagwiridwa ndi mapepala osokoneza mapepala poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimachitika pamene zithunzi zogonana zogwirizana ndi zopindulitsa. Kugonjera kugonana kwachangu kunayambitsa mgwirizano pakati pa chikhalidwe cha ntchito ndi kupanga kupanga chisankho. Phunziroli likugogomezera kuti kukakamiza kugonana kumasokoneza kupanga chisankho, chomwe chikhoza kufotokoza chifukwa chake anthu ena amakumana ndi zotsatira zoipa pa nkhani yogwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti.

Kupitirizabe kuonera zolaula? Kugwiritsira ntchito mosamala kapena kusasamala za kugonana kwa pa Intaneti pazinthu zambirimbiri zikugwirizana ndi zizindikiro za kugonana kwa pa Intaneti (2015)

Anthu omwe ali ndi chizoloŵezi chokwanira pa zolaula amachita zovuta kwambiri ntchito zoyendetsa ntchito (zomwe zili pansi pa kampani yamakono). Zina mwazidule:

Tidafufuza ngati chizolowezi chomwe chimakonda kugwiritsa ntchito bongo pa cybersex chimaphatikizidwa ndi zovuta pakupititsa chiwonetsero chazidziwitso pazinthu zambiri zomwe zimaphatikizapo zithunzi zolaula. Tidagwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri zomwe anthu anali ndi cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe sizimagwirizana ndi zolaula komanso zolaula. [Ndipo] tidapeza kuti omwe akutenga nawo mbali omwe ankakonda zodandaula za cybersex adasokera kwambiri pacholinga ichi.

Ntchito Yogwira Ntchito Yogonana Amuna Kapena Akazi Osagonana Pambuyo Pambuyo Pambuyo Pambuyo Pambuyo pa Kuonera Video Yowonongeka (Messina ndi al., 2017)

Kuwonetsa zolaula kunakhudza oyang'anira omwe ali ndi "zizolowezi zakugonana," koma osawongolera bwino. Ogwira ntchito zosauka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito atakumana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi zosokoneza bongo ndichizindikiro cha zovuta zamankhwala (zomwe zikuwonetsa zonsezi kusintha maulendo oyendetsa ndi kulimbikitsa). Zolemba:

Zomwe akupezazi zikuwonetseratu kusinthika kwa chidziwitso pambuyo pa kukondana ndi kugonana poyerekeza ndi anthu ogonana nawo. Deta iyi imachirikiza lingaliro lakuti amuna opondereza anzawo sagwiritse ntchito mwayi wophunzira kuchokera ku zochitika, zomwe zingachititse kusintha kusintha kwa khalidwe. Izi zikhoza kumvekanso monga kusowa kwa chidziwitso ndi gulu lochita zachiwerewere pamene adakakamizidwa kugonana, mofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika panthawi ya chiwerewere, zomwe zimayambira ndi kuchuluka kwa kugonana, potsatira chiwonetsero cha kugonana malemba komanso kenako, nthawi zambiri zokhudzana ndi zovuta.

Kuwonetsera Kulimbikitsa Kugonana Kumapangitsa Kulipira Kwambiri Kwambiri Kuwonjezeka Kwambiri mu Kugonjetsedwa Kwachinyengo pakati pa Amuna (Cheng & Chiou, 2017)

M'maphunziro awiri omwe adakumana ndi zovuta zakugonana zidapangitsa kuti: 1) kuchotsera kwakanthawi kochulukirapo (kulephera kuchedwetsa kukhutitsidwa), 2) chidwi chachikulu chofuna kuchita zachiwerewere, 3) chidwi chachikulu chogula zinthu zabodza ndikubera akaunti ya Facebook ya wina. Kuphatikizidwa pamodzi izi zikuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kumawonjezera kukhudzika ndipo kumatha kuchepetsa ntchito zina zazikulu (kudziletsa, kuweruza, kuwoneratu zotsatira zake, kudziletsa). Chidule:

Nthawi zambiri anthu amakumana ndi zolaula pa Intaneti. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kukakamiza kugonjetsa kugonana kungachititse kuti munthu asamangokhalira kuchita chidwi ndi amuna, monga momwe amachitira poyerekeza ndi nthawi yambiri (mwachitsanzo, chizoloŵezi chofuna kuchepa, kuchepa msanga kwa anthu akuluakulu, amtsogolo).

Pomalizira, zotsatira zamakono zimasonyeza kusonkhana pakati pa zolaula (mwachitsanzo, kuwonetsa zithunzi za akazi okongola kapena zovala zowononga zakugonana) ndi kuchitapo kanthu kwa amuna pa zolakwika za cyber. Zomwe tapeza zimasonyeza kuti kusayirira ndi kudziletsa kwa amuna, monga kuwonetseredwa ndi kuchotsera nthawi, kumakhala kolephera kuthetsa chilakolako chogonana. Amuna angapindule ndi kuwunika ngati zochitika zokhudzana ndi kugonana zimakhudzana ndi zosankha zawo ndi khalidwe lawo loipa. Zomwe tapeza zimasonyeza kuti kukomana ndi kugonana kungayesetse amuna pamsewu wa kuphulika kwa cyber

Zotsatira zamakono zikusonyeza kuti kupezeka kwapamwamba kwa zolaula pa Intaneti kungakhale koyenderana kwambiri ndi khalidwe lachinyengo la amuna kuposa momwe timaganizira poyamba.

Kafukufuku Wapaintaneti & Kanema Kuwonetsa kapena Kuwonetsa Zoyambitsa:

Kulankhulana kwa pa Intaneti, kugwiritsira ntchito pa intaneti, komanso maganizo abwino pakati pa achinyamata: Kuphunzira kwa nthawi yaitali. (2008)

Kuphunzira kwanthawi yaitali. Zowonjezera:

Kafukufuku wapano adasanthula maubwenzi apakati pa achinyamata kulumikizana pa intaneti komanso kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti mokakamiza, kukhumudwa, komanso kusungulumwa. Kafukufukuyu anali ndi mawonekedwe a 2-wave longitudinal omwe amakhala ndi miyezi 6. Chitsanzocho chinali ophunzira a 663, amuna 318 ndi akazi 345, azaka 12 mpaka 15 zaka. Mafunso amafunsidwa mukalasi. Zotsatira zasonyeza kuti pulogalamu yamtumiki amagwiritsa ntchito ndi kumacheza muzipinda zogwiritsa ntchito mauthenga omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa intaneti kwa 6 miyezi ingapo. Komanso, mogwirizana ndi maphunziro odziwika bwino a HomeNet (R. Kraut et al., 1998), kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kamodzi kumeneku kunagwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi miyezi ya 6. Potsirizira pake, kusungulumwa kunali kolakwika kwambiri ndi miyezi ingapo pambuyo pa mwezi wa 6.

Mmene Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Intaneti Pachilombo cha Achinyamata (2010)

Chimodzi mwa maphunziro oyambirira kuti aone antchito a pa Intaneti pa nthawi. Phunziro linanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kumayambitsa vuto la achinyamata. Zowonjezera:

Kufufuza zotsatira za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa intaneti pa umoyo waumphawi, kuphatikizapo nkhawa ndi kupsinjika maganizo, kwa achinyamata ku China. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti molakwika kumawononga thanzi la achinyamata.

ZOKHUDZA: Kufufuza komwe kudzachitike ndi gulu lopangidwa mwadzidzidzi kuchokera kwa anthu.

ACHINYAMATA: Achinyamata omwe ali okalamba pakati pa 13 ndi zaka 18.

ZOKHUDZA: Pambuyo pokonza zinthu zomwe zingakhumudwitse, chiopsezo chachikulu cha anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti pathologically chinali za 21 / 2 nthawi omwe a iwo omwe sanawonetsere machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti. Palibe mgwirizano wapakati pakati pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa intaneti komanso nkhawa pakutsatiridwa.

Zotsatira zimasonyeza kuti achinyamata omwe poyamba sakhala ndi matenda a m'maganizo koma amagwiritsa ntchito Intaneti pathologically akhoza kukhala ndi maganizo ovutika maganizo. Zotsatirazi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zachindunji popewera matenda a m'maganizo kwa achinyamata, makamaka m'mayiko osauka.

Precursor kapena Sequela: Kusokonezeka kwa Pathological kwa Anthu omwe ali ndi Internet Addiction Disorder (2011)

Phunziro lapadera. Ikutsatira ophunzira aku yunivesite yoyamba chaka chotsatira kuti adziwe kuti ndi kuchuluka kotani komwe kumayamba kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, ndipo ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zingachitike. Mbali yapadera ndikuti maphunziro omwe anali nawo sanagwiritse ntchito intaneti asanalembetse ku koleji. Zovuta kukhulupirira. Pambuyo pa chaka chimodzi chokha kusukulu, ochepa mwa iwo adasankhidwa kukhala osokoneza bongo pa intaneti. Iwo omwe adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti anali oyamba mwakuya kwambiri, komabe anali ocheperako pazovuta zakukhumudwa, komanso chidani. Zolemba:

Kafukufukuyu adafuna kuti azindikire zomwe zimachititsa kuti matendawa asawonongeke pa Intaneti komanso kuti adziwe mavuto omwe ali nawo mu IAD komanso kuti adziwe kuti ali ndi vuto la matenda osokoneza bongo.

Njira ndi Zofufuza

Ophunzira a 59 anayesedwa ndi Chizindikiro Choyang'ana List-90 kale ndipo atatha kukhala osokoneza intaneti. Kuyerekeza kwa deta yosonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku Symptom Checklist-90 pamaso pa chizolowezi cha intaneti ndi deta yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa pambuyo pa kuledzera kwa intaneti ikuwonetsera ntchito za matenda osokoneza bongo pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo. Kuchita zinthu mopitirira malire kunkapezeka kosazolowereka asanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti. Pambuyo pa chizoloŵezi chawo, ziwerengero zapamwamba kwambiri zinkasinthidwa chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo, nkhawa, chidani, kukhudzidwa pakati pa anthu, ndi kuganiza zamaganizo, zoganiza kuti izi ndizo zotsatira za matenda osokoneza bongo. Miyeso yokhudzana ndi kusonkhezera, kulingalira kwa chiwonongeko, ndi nkhawa ya phobic sinasinthe panthawi yophunzira, kusonyeza kuti miyeso imeneyi si yokhudzana ndi vuto lakumwa kwa intaneti.

Mawuwo

Sitingapezeko vuto lothetsera matenda osokoneza bongo pa intaneti. Matenda osokoneza bongo pa intaneti angabweretse mavuto ena omwe amachititsa anthu kukhala osokonezeka.

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndi kuledzera kwa intaneti kumawonekera kukhala nayo chinachititsa kusintha khalidwe ndi kusintha maganizo. Kuchokera pa phunziro:

Pambuyo pokonza chizolowezi cha intaneti, ziwerengero zapamwamba kwambiri zinkasinthidwa pa miyeso ya kupsinjika maganizo, nkhawa, chidani, kukhudzidwa pakati pa anthu, ndi maganizo okhudza maganizo, kutanthauza kuti izi ndizo zotsatira za matenda osokoneza bongo.

Sitingapezeko vuto lothetsera matenda osokoneza bongo pa intaneti. Matenda osokoneza bongo pa intaneti angabweretse mavuto ena omwe amachititsa anthu kukhala osokonezeka.

Zotsatira za Ufulu Wotsatsa Mavidiyo pa Achinyamata Achichepere Akugwira Ntchito Yophunzira ndi Kuchita: Phunziro Loyendetsedwa, Loyang'aniridwa (2010)

Anyamata omwe analandira masewera a masewera a pakompyuta amachepetsedwa powerenga ndi kulemba. Zowonjezera:

Pambuyo poyesa ndondomeko yoyamba ya maphunziro a anyamata komanso khalidwe la aphunzitsi ndi aphunzitsi, anyamata anapatsidwa mwayi wokalandira masewero a masewerawo nthawi yomweyo kapena kulandira masewero a masewerowa pambuyo pa kuwunika, pambuyo pa miyezi ya 4. Anyamata omwe adalandira dongosolo nthawi yomweyo amatha kusewera masewera a pakompyuta komanso nthawi yochepa yopanga maphunziro a sukulu kusiyana ndi kuyerekezera ana.

Anyamata omwe analandira dongosolo nthawi yomweyo anali ndi zochepa zowerenga ndi kulemba zambiri komanso aphunzitsi ambiri-anapeza mavuto ophunzirira pakutsatira kuposa kuyerekezera ana. Zomwe masewero osewerera masewera a pakompyuta amavomereza mgwirizano pakati pa umwini wa masewero a kanema ndi zotsatira za maphunziro. Zotsatira zimapereka umboni wosonyeza kuti masewera a pakompyuta amatha kuchotsa ntchito zam'sukulu zam'mbuyo zomwe zimapindulitsa maphunziro ndipo zingasokoneze chitukuko cha kuŵerenga ndi kulemba luso kwa ana ena.

Kugwirizana kwa ubongo wolakalaka masewera a pa Intaneti pansi pa zochitika pamasewera omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa Intaneti ndi maphunziro (2011)

Mosiyana ndi maphunziro ambiri, izi zinaphatikizapo maulamuliro ndi ma intaneti pa chikhululukiro. Ochita kafukufuku anapeza kuti zinthu zomwe zimachitika pa intaneti zimakhala ndi njira zosiyana zowonongeka m'malo molamulidwa ndi anthu omwe kale ankawagwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti. Ubongo wa Internet Addicts unasiyanasiyana ndi kulamulira ndi kubwezeretsedwa komwe kunayambitsa kusintha kwa kusintha kwa ubongo wokhudzana ndi mowa. Zowonjezera:

Phunziroli linaphatikizapo kuyesa ubongo wokhudzana ndi chilakolako chofuna kugwiritsira ntchito masewera a pa Intaneti pa nkhani zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Intaneti (IGA), nkhani mu chikhululuko from IGA ndi maulamuliro. Kufuna kwawo kunayankhidwa ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi zochitika za magnetic resonance images (fMRIs).

Mitu khumi ndi iwiri ndi IGA, 15 mu chikhululukiro kuchokera ku IGA ndi 15 maulamuliro analembedwera mu phunziro lino. Nkhanizo zinakonzedwa kuti ziwonere masewero a masewera ndi zithunzi zopanda ndale pofufuza za fMRIs. Zotsatira zake zinasonyeza kuti gulu la IGA lomwe linagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira masewera olimbitsa thupi (DLPFC), lokhazikika, linachoka pa parahippocampus.

Chigawo chawo cha chidwi chaderalo chinagwirizananso bwino ndi zofuna zowonongeka zomwe zimakhala pansi pa chidziwitso. Malo opangidwa ndi ubongo amenewa amaimira dera la ubongo lofanana ndi momwe zimagwiritsira ntchito matenda osokoneza bongo. Choncho, zikutanthauza kuti mawonekedwe a IGA ndi ofanana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo. Kuwonjezera apo, gulu la IGA linalimbikitsidwa kwambiri pa DLPFC yoyenera ndi la parahippocampus lamanzere kusiyana ndi zomwe gulu lopulumutsidwa lidachita. Zigawo ziwirizo zidzakhala zizindikiro zoyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pa Intaneti ndipo ziyenera kufufuzidwa m'maphunziro amtsogolo.

Kusintha kwa P300 ndi malingaliro a khalidwe la chidziwitso pazochitika ndi matenda osokoneza bongo pa intaneti: Kuphunzira kwotsatira kwa mwezi wa 3 (2011)

Pambuyo pa miyezi ya 3 chithandizo cha EEG mawerengedwe pa intaneti omwe adakakamizidwa ndi intaneti anali atasintha kwambiri. Zowonjezera:

Zotsatira za kafukufuku wamakono a ERPs mwa anthu omwe akudwala ndi IAD anali molingana ndi zomwe zinafukufuku m'mbuyomu za zovuta zina [17-20]. Mwachidziwitso, tawona P300 yafupika kukula kwake ndi P300 latency yambiri mwa anthu omwe amasonyeza makhalidwe oledzera poyerekeza ndi kulamulira bwino. Zotsatira izi zimatsimikizira lingaliro lakuti njira zofananamo za matenda zimakhudzidwa ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana oledzera.

Chinthu chinanso chachikulu chomwe anapeza pa phunziroli chinali chakuti P300 latency yakale yaitali mwa anthu omwe ali ndi IAD adachepa kwambiri pambuyo pa CBT. Poona kusowa kwa maphunziro pa IAD kuphatikizapo chithandizo ndi njira zotsatila, mgwirizano pakati pa mankhwala a P300 latency ndi IAD mu chitsanzo chathu ayenera kutanthauziridwa mosamala. Kufufuzanso kwina kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti uwerenge zomwe mukupezazo, pogwiritsira ntchito kukula kwakukulu ndi mitundu ina ya mankhwala. P300 latency imalingaliridwa kuti ikupereka njira yowonjezera yowonjezera, ndi kutalika kwa chigawo ichi cha ERP chafotokozedwa ngati ndondomeko ya njira zogwiritsira ntchito njira zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa chidziwitso ndi mphamvu ya kapangidwe ka maselo [22-23].

Zotsatira za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa magetsi kuphatikizapo kugwirizanitsa maganizo ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi zomwe zimachitika P300 ndi kusalongosoka kosayenera kwa odwala okhala ndi intaneti (2012)

Phunziro poyerekeza ndi zizindikiro za chithandizo cha 3 kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la intaneti. Zotsatira zosangalatsa:

1. Pambuyo masiku a 40 a chithandizo zonse zimakhala bwino kwambiri mu chidziwitso ntchito.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa intaneti kunali kotsika kwambiri m'magulu onse, ziribe kanthu mankhwala.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti ntchito yosazindikira ndi yosauka sikunalipo kale ndipo imakhala yabwino ndi kudziletsa. Zowonjezera:

ZOKHUDZA: Kuwona zotsatira za ma ARV (electroacupuncture) (EA) kuphatikizapo maganizo opatsirana pogonana (PI) pazochita zokhudzana ndi chidziwitso ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi zochitika (ERP), P300 ndi kusalongosoka kolakwika (MMN), kwa odwala okhala ndi intaneti (IA) poyesa kufufuza njira zomwe zingatheke.

ZITSANZO: Odwala zana limodzi ndi makumi awiri omwe anali ndi IA anali ogawidwa mwapadera m'magulu atatu, ndipo maphunziro onse a 112 anafika pomaliza kuyesa, gulu la EA (39), gulu la PI (odwala 36) ndi CT gulu (37 odwala ). Njira yothandizira odwala onse inali masiku 40. Kusintha kwa chisanadze ndi chithandizo mwa kuwerengera ndi kulingalira kwa IA, kulingalira kwa kanthawi kochepa, kukumbukira kwa nthawi yochepa, ndipo nthawi ndi kukula kwa P300 ndi MMN kwa odwala zinawonedwa.

ZOKHUDZA: Pambuyo pa chithandizo, m'magulu onse, chiwerengero cha IA chinachepetsedwa kwambiri ndipo mphamvu zambiri zazing'ono za kukumbukira komanso nthawi yochepa ya kukumbukira kukuwonjezeka kwambiri, pamene chiwerengero cha IA chinachepa mu gulu la CT chinali chofunika kwambiri kusiyana ndi chomwechi m'magulu ena awiri.

Anthu ogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti amagwirizana ndi vuto linalake koma osati khalidwe lopweteka (2013)

Kuledzera pa intaneti kumalumikizidwa ndi mayiko okhumudwitsa, koma osati ndimakhalidwe okhumudwitsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kukhumudwa kumabwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito intaneti - sichinali chikhalidwe chomwe chidalipo kale. Zolemba:

Kafukufuku wamakono akufufuza mafunso atatu: (i) kaya ogwiritsira ntchito Intaneti akuwonetsa chisokonezo popanda khalidwe lopweteka; (ii) Zizindikiro zomwe zimagawanika pakati pa nkhanza za pa Intaneti ndi kuvutika maganizo; ndipo (iii) ndi makhalidwe ati omwe adawonetsedwa pa ophwanya Intaneti.

Amuna makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu asanu ndi anayi ndi amuna a 58 omwe ali ndi zaka 18-24 anayesedwa ndi Chen Internet Addiction Scale.

Zotsatira zaposachedwapa zikuwonetsa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu pa intaneti akuwonetsa kuti akuvutika maganizo kwambiri kusiyana ndi anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Intaneti pangozi ya Beck Depression Inventory-II. Komabe, anthu ogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti omwe amaika pangozi pangozi sanawonetsere khalidwe lopweteka mu Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 poyerekeza ndi anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Intaneti mosavuta. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu pa Intaneti akuwonetsa dziko losautsa popanda khalidwe lopweteka.

MAFUNSO: Poyerekeza ndi zizindikiro za kupsinjika maganizo ndi kuponderezedwa kwa intaneti, adapeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chotere pa intaneti ankagawana nawo njira zofanana zowonongeka, kuphatikizapo zizindikiro za maganizo a kusowa chidwi, khalidwe laukali, kukhumudwa, ndi kukhudzidwa mtima. Oopsya omwe amawagwiritsira ntchito powagwiritsa ntchito pangozi akhoza kukhala okhumudwa chifukwa cha nthawi yam'dziko koma osati chikhalidwe chosatha.

Kuwonjezereka kwa kuvutika maganizo, chidani, ndi nkhawa pakati pa achinyamata pa intaneti: Achinyamata akuphunzira (2014)

Phunziroli linaphunzira ophunzira kwa chaka chimodzi kuyang'ana ma intaneti oledzeretsa ndi kuyesa kuvutika maganizo, chidani, ndi nkhawa za anthu. Ochita kafukufuku anapeza kuti kumwa mowa pa intaneti kumapangitsa kuti anthu azivutika maganizo, adzidwe, komanso asakhale ndi nkhawa, pomwe kukhululukidwa kwa intaneti kumachepetsa nkhawa, kudana, ndi nkhawa. Chifukwa ndi zotsatira, osati kungolumikizana. Zowonjezera:

Pa achinyamata ambiri padziko lonse, kuledzera kwa intaneti kuli kofala ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosautsa, kudana, komanso nkhawa za achinyamata. Phunziroli likuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa kupsinjika maganizo, chidani, ndi nkhaŵa za anthu panthawi yomwe amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kapena kuchotsa chizolowezi cha intaneti pakati pa achinyamata.

Phunziroli linalemba achinyamata achinyamata a 2293 m'kalasi la 7 kuti aone kuvutika kwawo, chidani, nkhawa za anthu ndi intaneti. Kuyesedwa komweku kunabwerezedwa chaka chimodzi kenako. Gulu la anthu ogwira ntchito lija linkafotokozedwa ngati nkhani zomwe zimasankhidwa kuti sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito poyambanso koyambirira ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuunika kwachiwiri. Gulu lokhululukidwa limatanthauzidwa ngati nkhani zomwe zimasankhidwa kuti ndizololedwa muyeso yoyamba komanso ngati sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito poyesa kachiwiri.

Kusokonezeka maganizo ndi chidani chikuwonjezereka mu njira yaukali ya intaneti pakati pa achinyamata. Kuletsa kusokoneza intaneti kuyenera kuperekedwa kuti zisawononge zotsatira zake zoipa pa umoyo. Kusokonezeka maganizo, chidani, ndi nkhawa za chikhalidwe zinachepa panthawi ya kukhululukira. Ananena kuti zotsatira zoyipa zikhoza kusinthidwa ngati kuledzera kwa intaneti kungathetsedwe m'kanthawi kochepa.

Zovuta zenizeni zochiza matenda a masewera a intaneti (2014)

Zowonjezereka mu kugwirizanitsa kwa cortico-striater zinachitika patapita nthawi. Zowonjezera:

Kafukufuku pogwiritsa ntchito maginito opanga maginito (fMRI) akuwonetsa kusagwira ntchito m'dera la cortico-limbic m'magulu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti (IGD). Ife tinaganiza kuti njira yeniyeni yothetsera (VRT) ya IGD ikhoza kuyendetsa kayendetsedwe kogwirizanitsa kayendetsedwe ka cortico-limbic.

Mu Chipatala cha Chung-Ang University, achikulire 24 omwe ali ndi IGD ndi 12 ogwiritsa ntchito masewera wamba adalembedwa. Gulu la IGD lidasankhidwa mwachisawawa mgulu lazidziwitso zamankhwala (CBT) (N = 12) ndi gulu la VRT (N = 12). Kukula kwa IGD kunayesedwa ndi Young's Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS) nthawi isanakwane komanso itatha. Pogwiritsa ntchito kupumula kwa boma fMRI, kulumikizana kwantchito kuchokera kumtunda wa posterior cingate (PCC) kupita kumadera ena aubongo kudafufuzidwa.

Pa nthawi yachipatala, magulu onse a CBT ndi a VRT adasonyeza kuchepetsa kwakukulu pa maphunziro a YIAS. Pachiyambi, gulu la IGD linasonyeza kugwirizanitsidwa kochepa mu dera la cortico-striatal-limbic. Mu gulu la CBT, kulumikizana kuchokera ku mbewu ya PCC kupita ku chigawo chokhazikika komanso chiwerengero cha cerebellum chinawonjezeka pa CBT-gawo CBT. Mu gulu la VRT, a Kulumikizana kuchokera ku mbewu ya PCC kupita ku thalamus-frontal lobe-cerebellum yowonjezereka pa nthawi ya 8-VRT.

Kuchiza kwa IGD pogwiritsira ntchito VRT kunkawoneka kuti kulimbitsa mphamvu ya IGD, yomwe inkawonetseratu kuti imathandizira CBT, ndikuyendetsa kayendedwe ka cortico-striatal-limbic circuit.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti pa Mdima: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti Kwambiri, Kwambiri, Zizindikiro Zopweteka, Kusukulu ndi Kuchita Chidwi pakati pa Achinyamata Oyambirira ndi Ochedwa Adolescents (2016)

Kufufuza kwa nthawi yayitali kunapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti mopitirira muyeso kungayambitse "kupsyinjika" komwe kumabweretsa kukhumudwa. Zolemba:

Kafukufuku waposachedwa akuwonetsa kuda nkhawa kwakukula ndi moyo kusukulu komanso zovuta zomwe zingabwere chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwa ophunzira matekinoloje azachuma, mwachitsanzo, mafoni, makompyuta, media media, komanso intaneti. Nthawi yomweyo ndikuthandizira zochitika zachitukuko, kutenga nawo mbali pakompyuta kungayambitsenso machitidwe okakamiza komanso osokoneza bongo omwe amakhudza mavuto onse okhudzana ndi matenda amisala.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mafunde awiri azitali zazitali omwe anasonkhana pakati pa 1702 (53% achikazi) koyambirira (zaka 12-14) ndi 1636 (64% wamkazi) mochedwa (zaka 16-18) Achinyamata aku Finland, tidasanthula njira zodutsa pakati pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa intaneti, kuchita nawo sukulu kutopa, ndi kukhumudwa.

Mchitidwe wogwirizanitsa machitidwe owonetseratu ziwonetsero zapakati pazitsulo pakati pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa intaneti komanso kupsyinjika kwa sukulu pakati pa magulu onse a achinyamata: Kuwopsya kusukulu komwe kunanenedwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti mofulumira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti mopitirira muyeso kunanenedweratu kupsa mtima kwa sukulu. Njira zowonongeka pakati pa kupsa mtima kwa sukulu ndi zizindikiro zowawa zinapezedwanso. Atsikana ambiri amavutika ndi anyamata oposa zizindikiro zowawa ndipo, pofika zaka zaunyamata, kutentha kwa sukulu. Anyamata, nawonso, ambiri amavutika ndi ntchito yogwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Zotsatira izi zikuwonetsa kuti, pakati pa achinyamata, kugwiritsira ntchito mofulumira kwa intaneti kungakhale chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa sukulu komwe kumatha kutsata zizindikiro zovuta.

Zotsatira za chilakolako cholowererapo pazithunzithunzi za neural zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chilakolako cha matenda a masewera a intaneti (2016)

Kuthetsa kusuta kwa intaneti kunachititsa kuti kuchepetsa kuledzeretsa kwachepetse pamodzi ndi kusintha kofanana kwa kusintha kwa ubongo wokhudzana ndi mowa. Zowonjezera:

• Nkhani za IGD zinawonetsa kusintha kwa neural activation m'malo okhudzana ndi mphoto.
• IGD nkhani zimachepetsa zizindikiro za IGD pambuyo pa CBI.
• [Komanso] maphunziro a IGD adawonetsa kukhathamiritsa kwakukulu pambuyo pa CBI.
• Nkhani za IGD zinkasonyeza kuchepa kwa insula-lingual gyrus / precuneus kulumikizana pambuyo CBI.

Matenda a masewera a intaneti (IGD) amadziwika ndi kulakalaka masewera a pa Intaneti ndi zofanana. Popeza kuti zokhudzana ndi chizoloŵezi choledzera zingayambitse kuwonjezeka m'madera a ubongo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kutsitsimula ndi kupindula mphoto ndipo zingapangitse khalidwe la masewera kapena kuyambiranso kubwezeretsa, kukweza chilakolako chokhudzana ndi chizolowezi kungakhale cholinga chothandizira ku IGD. Kafukufukuyu anayerekezera kuwonetserana kwachitsulo pakati pa 40 IGD ndi maphunziro a 19 wathanzi (HC) panthawi yochita masewera otetezedwa ndi intaneti komanso kuwona kuti nkhani za IGD zinkasonyeza kuti zimakhala zolimba kwambiri m'madera ambiri a ubongo, kuphatikizapo dorsal striatum, brainstem, substantira nigra, ndi anterior makina othandizira, koma kuchepetsa kutsegula m'mbuyo mwa insula.

Kuphatikiza apo, maphunziro makumi awiri mphambu atatu a IGD (gulu la CBI +) adatenga nawo gawo pakulakalaka kuthandizira gulu (CBI), pomwe maphunziro 17 otsala a IGD (gulu la CBI - sanalandire thandizo lililonse), ndi nkhani zonse za IGD zinayesedwa panthawi yofanana. The Gulu la CBI + lidawonetsa kuchepa kwa kukhudzika kwa IGD ndikukhumba komwe kumapangitsa chidwi, kulimbikitsidwa kuyambitsa kutsegulira kwamkati ndikuchepetsa kulumikizana kwapakati ndi lingual gyrus ndi precuneus atalandira CBI. Zotsatirazi zikusonyeza kuti CBI ikuthandizira kuchepetsa chilakolako ndi kukhwima mu IGD, ndipo izi zingasokoneze zotsatira zake pakugwiritsira ntchito insula ndikugwirizanitsa ndi zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito powonetsa zithunzi ndi kukondera.

Kusintha kwa umoyo wa moyo ndi chidziwitso ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: Kutsata kwa mwezi wa 6 (2016)

Pambuyo pa miyezi ya 6 yachipatala ma intaneti akusewera osewera amasonyeza kusintha kwakukulu kwa umoyo wa moyo, wogwira ntchito yogwira ntchito, wogwira ntchito kukumbukira, ndi kukhudzidwa. Zowonjezera:

Matenda a masewera a intaneti (IGD) amachititsa kuti moyo ukhale wosauka (QOL) komanso kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso ndipo akudziwika kuti ndi vuto lachikhalidwe m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Komabe, palibe umboni wokwanira kuti ngati QOL ndi kusagwirizana kwazinthu zowonjezereka zikukhazikika pakatha zoyenera. Phunziroli linaphatikizapo kusintha kwa QOL ndi ntchito yogwirizana ndi kusintha kwa chizoloŵezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Chiwerengero cha anyamata a 84 (IGD gulu: N = 44, zaka zenizeni: 19.159 ± 5.216 zaka; gulu loletsa thanzi: N = 40, zaka zenizeni: 21.375 ± 6.307 zaka) adagwira nawo phunziroli. Tidapereka mayankho a mafunso omwe timakhala nawo pamsinkhu woyambirira kuti tiwone machitidwe a zaumoyo ndi maganizo, ndipo tinayesa mayeso a chikhalidwe ndi makompyuta.

Odwala khumi ndi asanu ndi anayi omwe ali ndi IGD anamaliza mayesero amatsatiro omwe amatsatira pambuyo pa miyezi ya 6 ya kuchipatala, kuphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amatulutsa serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Kuyerekeza kwachilendo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi IGD motsutsana ndi gulu labwino lawonetsetsa kuti odwala a IGD anali ndi zizindikiro zambiri za kupsinjika maganizo ndi nkhaŵa, madigiri apamwamba a chipsinjo ndi mkwiyo / chiwawa, maulendo apamwamba a mavuto, a QOL osauka, ndi olephera kuyankha.

Pambuyo pa miyezi ya 6 yachipatala, odwala omwe ali ndi IGD adasintha kwambiri ku IGD, komanso ku QOL, kuchitapo kanthu, komanso kuchitapo kanthu. Kuonjezera apo, njira zambiri zowonongeka zowonongeka zinawonekera bwino kwa odwala a IGD omwe ali ndi ntchito yochepa yogwira ntchito komanso akuluakulu ogwira ntchito pachiyambi. TZotsatira zake zimapereka umboni wokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa nthawi yaitali mu QOL ndi ntchito yomvetsetsa yomwe ikutsatiridwa ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana kwa IGD. Kuwonjezera apo, zikuwoneka kuti kulepheretsa kuchitapo kanthu kungakhale cholinga chodziwika ndi matenda a IGD.

Kugwira Mtima Kwambiri Kuletsa Kukonza Mavuto Ovuta Kuchita Masewera a pa Intaneti ndi Zopindulitsa (2017)

Nthawi yochepa ya kudziletsa imapangitsa kuchepetsa zizoloŵezi zozizira ndi zizindikiro. Zowonjezera:

ZOKHUDZA: Kuphunzira kwa woyendetsa ndegeyi kunayesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopezera kudziletsa kwa ola limodzi la 84-hours kuti asinthe malingaliro ovuta a masewera a pa Intaneti ndi makhalidwe

NJIRA: Ambiri akuluakulu makumi awiri ndi anayi ochokera kumaseŵera a masewera a pa Intaneti, kuphatikizapo 9 omwe adayang'ana bwino pa matenda a masewera a intaneti (IGD), adasiya masewera a intaneti pa maola a 84. Kafukufuku adasonkhanitsidwa pazomwe akuyambira, tsiku ndi tsiku pa nthawi ya kudziletsa, ndi tsiku lotsatira la 7 tsiku ndi 28

ZOTHANDIZA: Kudziletsa mwadzidzidzi kunachepetsetsa kuchepetsa maseŵera, masewera a masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi zizindikiro za IGD. Kudziletsa kunali kovomerezeka kwa ophunzira omwe akutsatira kwathunthu ndipo palibe ndondomeko yophunzira. Kusintha kwakukulu kwa zizindikiro za IGD kunachitika mu 75% ya IGD gulu pazotsatira za tsiku la 28. Kukonzekera kodalirika pa zochitika zolimbana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kunachitika mu 63% ya gulu la IGD, amene chiwerengero chawo chodziwitsidwa chinachepetsedwa ndi 50% ndipo chinali chofanana ndi gulu lomwe si IGD pakutsata kwa tsiku la 28

MFUNDO ZOTHANDIZA: Ngakhale kuti pali zochepa zowonjezereka, phunziroli limapereka chithandizo chotsimikizika cha kudziletsa kwafupipafupi monga njira yosavuta, yothandiza, komanso yogwiritsira ntchito ndalama zochepetsera masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kuchepetsa mavuto a masewera a intaneti.

Zotsatira za ma electro-acupuncture kuphatikizapo maganizo okhudza zizindikiro za m'maganizo ndi P50 ya zowonongeka zowonongeka kwa odwala okhala ndi intaneti kudwala matenda (2017)

Kuchiza kunachititsa kuchepetsa zizindikiro za maganizo, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi EEG kusintha. Zowonjezera:

ZOKHUDZA: Kuwona zotsatira zochiritsira za electro-acupuncture (EA) kuphatikizapo maganizo okhudzana ndi chizindikiro cha kusokonezeka maganizo kapena kutaya mtima ndi chizindikiro cha maganizo cha kupsinjika maganizo kapena nkhawa ndi P50 ya Auditory Evoked Potential (AEP) pa intaneti matenda ozunguza bongo (IAD).

ZOTHANDIZA: Milandu zana limodzi makumi awiri a IAD adagawidwa mosawerengeka mgulu la gulu la EA, gulu la psycho -vention (PI) ndi gulu lonse la mankhwala (EA kuphatikiza PI). Odwala omwe ali m'gulu la EA adathandizidwa ndi EA. Odwala omwe ali mgululi la PI adathandizidwa ndikuchiritsa komanso kuchita machitidwe. [Ndipo] odwala omwe ali m'gulu la EA kuphatikiza PI adathandizidwa ndi ma electro-acupuncture kuphatikizira zamaganizidwe. Zambiri za IAD, mndandanda wa zizindikiro za chizindikiro 90 (SCL-90), latency ndi matalikidwe a P50 a AEP anayesedwa chisanafike ndi chithandizo.

ZINTHU: Zambiri za IAD pambuyo poti chithandizo chachepa kwambiri m'magulu onse (P <0.05), ndipo kuchuluka kwa IAD mgulu la EA kuphatikiza PI kunali kotsika kwambiri kuposa komwe kuli m'magulu ena awiriwo (P <0.05). Zambiri za SCL-90 zasonkhanitsidwa ndipo chinthu chilichonse chitatha chithandizo mu gulu la EA kuphatikiza PI chatsika kwambiri (P <0.05). Mutatha kuchipatala mu EA kuphatikizapo PI gulu, kutalika kwa mtunda wa S1P50 ndi S2P50 (S1-S2) kukuwonjezeka kwambiri (P <0.05).

ZOCHITA: EA pamodzi ndi PI akhoza kuthetsa zizindikiro za m'maganizo a odwala a IAD, ndipo njirayi mwina ikugwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya ubongo yolingalira ntchito.

Kulakalaka Kulowerera Pamakhalidwe Othandizira Ophunzira pa Koleji Pa intaneti: Phunziro Lakale (2017).

Kulakalaka, ngati gawo lapakati lazolowetsa nkhawa komanso kuyambiranso kuyambiranso kusuta, kumangolimbana nawo kumene. Ngakhale kuti masewera amtundu wa intaneti (IGD), ophatikizidwa ngati chizolowezi chamakhalidwe, ndikuperewera kwamachitidwe othandizirana ndikuwunika kwa makina ake. Kafukufukuyu amayesa kuyesa kuyeserera ndikuwona magwiridwe othandizira olakalaka kuchita (CBI) pakuchepetsa IGD pakati pa achinyamata. Ophunzira okwana 63 amuna aku koleji omwe ali ndi IGD adapatsidwa gulu lothandizira (magawo asanu ndi limodzi a CBI kulowerera) kapena gulu loyang'anira mndandanda. Mafunso okonzedwa adayendetsedwa kale asanachitike (T1), kulowererapo pambuyo pake (T2), kutsatira kwa miyezi 3 (T3), ndikutsatira kwa miyezi 6 (T4).

Poyerekeza ndi gulu lolamulira, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa zovuta za IGD m'gululo lolowera kunapezeka kumapeto kwa kuchitapo kanthu ndikukhalitsa mpaka miyezi 6 atatha kulowererapo. Kusintha kwa kufunitsitsa kungayanjanitse pang'ono ubale pakati pa kulowererapo ndi kusintha kwa IGD pakati pa mayeso onse azotsatira (zomwe zimachitika posachedwa, T2-T1; kanthawi kochepa, T3-T1; ndi zotsatira zazitali, T4-T1). Komanso, kufufuzidwa kwa zida zophatikizira kulowetsamo kunapeza mpumulo wachisokonezo ndikusunthika kwa zosowa zamaganizidwe kuchokera pa intaneti kupita ku moyo weniweni zimaneneratu kulakalaka kukondweretsedwa pambuyo potsatira komanso pambuyo pa miyezi 6. Ngakhale zokhala zoyambirira, kafukufuku wapanoyu amapereka umboni wa kufunika kokhalira ndi chidwi cholimbana ndi chithandizo cha IGD ndikuzindikira zinthu ziwiri zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti muchepetse kukhumba, ndipo maubwino owonjezera azithandizo amatulutsidwa.

Zotsatira za Facebook: Kusiya Facebook Kufika Kumipamwamba ya Umoyo (2016)

Kupuma pa Facebook kumapangitsa "kukhutira ndi moyo" komanso kusangalala. Zolemba:

Nkhaniyi imapanga kafukufuku wochokera kwa mbuye wanga. Zotsatira zoyambirira za phunziro lino zinaperekedwa mu bukhu lothandizidwa ndi The Happiness Research Institute: www.happinessresearchinstitute.com/publications/4579836749.

Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Facebook tsiku ndi tsiku; Ochepa amadziwa zotsatira zake. Kuyambira pa kuyesa kwa sabata la 1 ndi otsogolera a 1,095 kumapeto kwa 2015 ku Denmark, phunziroli likupereka umboni wosonyeza kuti ntchito ya Facebook imakhudza moyo wathu. Poyerekeza gulu lachipatala (omwe adatenga mphindi kuchokera ku Facebook) ndi gulu lolamulira (omwe adagwiritsa ntchito Facebook), zinasonyezedwa kuti kupuma pa Facebook kuli ndi zotsatira zabwino pazochitika ziwiri za moyo wabwino: kukhutira moyo wathu kumawonjezeka ndipo maganizo athu amakhala abwino. Kuonjezera apo, zinawonetsedwa kuti zotsatirazi zinali zazikulu kwambiri kwa olemetsa a Facebook, osagwiritsa ntchito Facebook, ndi ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amakonda kuchitira ena pa Facebook.

Kusiyanasiyana kwa kusintha kwa thupi kumatsatira kutsata kwa intaneti m'makina apamwamba ndi otsika kwambiri ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti (2017)

Nkhani yokhudza phunzirolo. Kutha kwa intaneti kugwiritsira ntchito anthu okhala ndi vuto la intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe otha kusiyiratu kusuta komanso kuwonjezeka kwa maganizo. Chidule:

PLoS One. 2017 May 25; 12 (5): e0178480. yani: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0178480. eCollection 2017.

Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti movuta (PIU) akuti akusowa kufufuza kwina kuti awonongeke ngati matenda m'dongosolo lachidziwitso ndi zofufuza (DSM) la American Psychiatric Association, koma osadziwa za momwe kutaya kwa intaneti kumathera pa Ntchito yamagetsi ikhalabe kusiyana kwakukulu mu chidziwitso komanso cholepheretsa kugawa kwa PIU. Ophunzira zana ndi makumi anayi ndi anayi anayesedwa chifukwa cha thupi (kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuthamanga kwa mtima) ndi maganizo (maganizo ndi nkhawa zadziko) zimagwirira ntchito ndi pambuyo pa gawo la intaneti. Anthuwa adakonzanso mayesero okhudza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa intaneti, komanso momwe amachitira mavuto.

Anthu omwe adziwona okha kuti ali ndi PIU amasonyeza kuwonjezeka kwa mtima wa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kuchepetsa maganizo ndi kuwonjezeka kwa nkhawa, pambuyo pa kutha kwa intaneti. Panalibe kusintha koteroko kwa anthu omwe alibe PIU omwe ankanena okha. Tkusintha kwake kunali kosadalira kuvutika maganizo ndi kuvutika maganizo. Kusintha kumeneku kutha kwa ntchito ya intaneti ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zimawonedwa mwa anthu omwe asiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena opiate, ndikupatsanso kuti PIU iyeneranso kufufuzidwa ndikuyang'anitsitsa ngati chisokonezo.

Kuyanjana kwapakati pa pakati pa intaneti ndi machitidwe okhudzana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana pakati pa a College of Chinese Freshmen: A Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis (2017)

Kuphunzira kwanthawi yaitali. Zowonjezera:

Kafukufukuyu anafufuza mgwirizano pakati pa intaneti (IA) ndi maladaptive cognition (NMC) zokhudzana ndi intaneti.. Kafukufuku wa nthawi yayitali ndi chitsanzo cha 213 college freshmen chinachitidwa ku province la Shandong ku China. Zotsatira zake zasonyeza kuti IA ikhoza kufotokozera kwambiri za mbadwo ndi chitukuko cha NMCs, ndipo ngati zidziwitso zoterezi zakhazikitsidwa, zingasokoneze kwambiri kukula kwa ophunzira a IA.

Kuwonetsa koopsa kunawonetseratu pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi, ndi IA pokhala yofunika kwambiri pa chiyanjano chake ndi NMC. Phunziroli linatsimikiziranso kuti mgwirizano pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi ndi yofanana kwa amuna ndi akazi; Choncho, chitsanzo chomalizira chomwe tinakhazikitsa chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri ku Chinese kolembera atsopano, mosasamala za chikhalidwe. Kumvetsetsa chiyanjano chokhazikika pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi kungathandize pothandiza mu IA kumayambiriro kwa moyo wa ophunzira ku koleji.

Kusokonezeka maganizo, nkhawa, ndi mafilimu omwe amalephera kuphunzila ku yunivesite: Kuphunzira pamtanda (2017)

Zisonyezero za kusuta ndi kulekerera. Zowonjezera

Phunziroli likufuna kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mafilimu osokoneza mafilimu, ndikudziwitsani ngati kuvutika maganizo kapena nkhawa, mwachindunji, zimapangitsa kuti pulogalamu yamasewera ena a ku yunivesite ikhale yovuta kwambiri, panthawi imodzimodziyo, pokonzanso zamakhalidwe abwino, maphunziro, moyo, chikhalidwe ndi ma smartphone zosiyana-siyana.

Chitsanzo chochepa cha ophunzira a ku yunivesite ya 688 (zaka zakubadwa = 20.64 ± 1.88 zaka; 53% amuna) anamaliza kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi) mafunso okhudza chikhalidwe cha anthu, maphunziro, makhalidwe a moyo, mtundu wa umunthu, ndi mitundu yokhudzana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mafoni; b) 26-chinthu cha Smartphone Choledzera Inventory (SPAI) Scale; ndi c) Zithunzi zochepa zokhudzana ndi kupsinjika maganizo ndi nkhawa (PHQ-2 ndi GAD-2), zomwe zimapanga zinthu ziwiri zofunikira kwambiri za DSM-IV chifukwa cha matenda akuluakulu ovutika maganizo komanso matenda ovutika maganizo.

Kukula kwa chiwerengero cha machitidwe okhudzidwa ndi mafilimu, kuwonongeka kwa ntchito, kulekerera ndi zizindikiro zobwerera zinali zazikulu. 35.9% ankamva kutopa masana chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ma smartphone usiku, 38.1% adavomereza khalidwe locheperapo lagona, ndipo 35.8% anagona osachepera maola anayi chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mafilimu kamodzi. Ngakhale kuti abambo, malo ogwira ntchito, maola ogwira ntchito pa sabata, maulendo, maphunziro apamwamba (GPA), zizoloŵezi za moyo (kusuta ndi kumwa mowa), ndi chizoloŵezi chachipembedzo sanagwirizanitse ndi mafilimu osokoneza bongo; mtundu wa umunthu A, kalasi (chaka cha 2 vs. chaka cha 3), msinkhu wachinyamata poyambirira kugwiritsa ntchito smartphone, kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira malire pa tsiku la sabata, kugwiritsira ntchito zosangalatsa ndikusawagwiritsa ntchito kutcha anthu ammudzi, komanso kukhala ndi maganizo ovutika maganizo, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito foni yamakono. Kusokonezeka maganizo ndi nkhawa zinawoneka ngati zodziwikiratu zokhazokha zowonongeka kwa smartphone, pambuyo pa kusintha kwa osokoneza.

Chiyanjano pakati pa ubwana ndi anthu akuluakulu kusamalidwa bwino matenda a chikhalidwe cha achinyamata a ku Korean omwe ali ndi vuto la intaneti (2017)

Zizindikiro zowonongeka pa intaneti komanso zochitika zambiri zinali zogwirizana kwambiri ndi zizindikiro za ADHD zamakono, koma osati zizindikiro za ADHD zaunyamata. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kuledzera kwa intaneti kungayambitse zizindikiro za ADHD akuluakulu. Zowonjezera:

Kupeza kwakukulu kwa phunziro lino, komwe kumagwirizananso ndi maganizo athu, ndiko kuti kulemera kwa IA kunakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mlingo wa zizindikiro zambiri za zizindikiro za ADDD akuluakulu ngakhale atatha kuyang'anira ubwana wa ADHD ndi zizindikiro zina zamaganizo. Ndichigawo chokha cha SC, chomwe chimaonetsa kudzichepetsa ndi kudzipangitsa kukhala wodzidalira, sichiwonetsa mgwirizano wofunikira ndi IA mwamphamvu. Zotsatira izi zikhoza kufotokozedwa ndi maphunziro angapo ndi Chang (2008) ndi Kim, Lee, Cho, Lee, ndi Kim (2005), zomwe zinkasonyeza kuti chizindikiro cha SC chikulingalira ku CAARS-KS monga kuwonjezeranso kuwonjezereka mavuto achiwiri omwe amachititsidwa ndi zizindikiro zenizeni za ADHD monga kusakhudzidwa, kusayembekezeka, ndi kukhudzidwa. Mu phunziro ili, chizindikiro chokhacho cha chizindikiro cha kupsinjika maganizo chinaneneratu kwambiri msinkhu wa chizindikiro cha SC. Pokumbukira zotsatirazi, Zingatheke kuti kulemera kwa IA kunaneneratu kwambiri zizindikiro zonse zapadera za ADHD wamkulu.

Chinanso chochititsa chidwi chinali chakuti, mosiyana ndi chikhulupiliro chofala, kuuma kwa ubwana zizindikiro za ADHD sizinasonyeze mgwirizano wapatali ndi kukula kwa zizindikiro za ADDD akuluakulu. Ndondomeko ya IE yokhayo inasonyeza kusonkhana kwakukulu ndi ubwana wa ADHD chizindikiro poyesa kutsindika chitsanzo 2 (onani Table 3). Komabe, mgwirizano waukulu uwu wa chibwana wa ADHD chizindikiro ndi IE unawonekera pambuyo pa kupirira kwa IA kunaphatikizidwa mu zovuta zowonongeka, kusonyeza kuti IA mwamphamvu anali ndi mgwirizano wofunika kwambiri ndi IE kuposa ubwana wa ADHD.

Zotsatira zamakono mu phunziro lino zikhoza kuunikira kuyanjana pakati pa kukhwima ndi ADHD. Mwina pali zifukwa ziwiri zomwe zikutanthauzira kuipa kwa pakati pa IA ndi ADHD, zotsatira zathu zimagwirizana ndi lingaliro lomwe limasonyeza kukhalapo kwachikulire wosiyana ndi zizindikiro za ADHD. Mosiyana ndi lingaliro lachilendo la ADDD wamkulu ponena za kupitiriza kwa chikhalidwe cha ADHD mwana.Halperin, Trampush, Miller, Marks, & Newcorn, 2008; Lara et al., 2009), zofukufuku zaposachedwapa zasonyeza kuti ADFD yoyamba ndi yokalamba yodalirika ingakhalepo ndipo ADHD wamkulu sikumangopitirira mosavuta mwana wa ADHD (Castellanos, 2015; Moffitt et al., 2015). Mogwirizana ndi zofukufukuzi, phunziroli linasonyeza kuti zizindikiro za ADHD zamakono zikuwonetsa maubwenzi ofunika kwambiri ndi IA kusiyana ndi ubwana wa ADHD chizindikiro pa WURS. Kuwonjezera apo, ubwana wa ADHD chizindikiro chowopsya sichimasonyeza kusagwirizana kwakukulu ndi chikhalidwe chachikulu cha ADHD chizindikiro kupatula IE gawo mu phunziro ili.

Kafukufuku wakale anawonetsa kuti chikhalidwe cha ADDD wamkulu chikugwirizana ndi njira zopititsa patsogolo za zigawo zamakono, ndi kusintha koyera kwa ma intaneti angapo (Cortese et al., 2013; Karama & Evans, 2013; Shaw et al., 2013). Mofananamo, kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti IA ikhoza kuyambitsa kusintha, kusintha kwa kayendedwe kake, ndi zolakwika mu ubongo (Hong et al., 2013a, 2013b; Kuss & Griffiths, 2012; Lin et al., 2012; Weng et al., 2013; Yuan et al., 2011; Zhou et al., 2011). Malingana ndi zofukufukuzi, tikhoza kulingalira kuti zovuta zogwirira ntchito ndi ubongo zokhudzana ndi IA zingakhalenso zikhale zokhudzana kwa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zozindikira, zomwe ziyenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi matenda a ADHD odziimira okhaokha. Kusokonezeka kwakukulu pakati pa IA ndi ADHD (Ho et al., 2014) akhoza kuwerengedwa ndi zizindikiro zamaganizo ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi IA mmalo mwa zizindikiro za matenda a ADHD odziimira okhaokha.

Ofufuza a ku Montreal akupeza 1st pakati pa maseŵera oseŵera, kutayika kwa imvi mu hippocampus (2017)

Wolemba Stephen Smith, CBC News Wolemba: Aug 07, 2017

Kusewera masewera onga awa, Call of Duty: Ghosts, akhoza kuonjezera chiopsezo cha kuvutika maganizo ndi matenda ena a mphuno chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa hippocampus, kafukufuku wa Montreal apeza. (Activision)

Kusewera masewera apakanema oyamba kumapangitsa ogwiritsa ntchito kutaya imvi muubongo wawo womwe umakhudzana ndi kukumbukira zochitika zam'mbuyomu ndi zokumana nazo, kafukufuku watsopano wamaphunziro awiri aku Montreal amaliza.

Gregory West, a pulofesa wothandizira maganizo pa University of Montréal, inatero kafukufukuyu, yomwe inalembedwa Lachiwiri mu nyuzipepalayi Molecular Psychiatry, ndi oyamba kupeza umboni wosatsimikizika wa imfa yamtengo wapatali mu gawo lalikulu la ubongo monga zotsatira za kugwirizanitsa makompyuta.

"Kafukufuku wowerengeka wasindikizidwa omwe akuwonetsa kuti masewera apakanema atha kukhala ndi gawo labwino muubongo, zomwe ndi mayanjano abwino pakati pamasewera apakanema, masewera owombera, komanso chidwi ndi luso loyendetsa magalimoto," West adauza CBC News.

"Pakadali pano, palibe amene wasonyeza kuti kuyanjana kwa makompyuta ndi anthu kumatha kusokoneza ubongo - pankhaniyi kukumbukira zinthu za hippocampal."

Phunziro la zaka zinayi la West ndi Véronique Bohbot, pulofesa wina wothandizira maganizo pa yunivesite ya McGill, adawona zotsatira za masewera a kanema pa hippocampus, mbali ya ubongo yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri kukumbukira malo ndikutha kukumbukira zochitika ndi zochitika zakale.

Akatswiri Gregory West ndi Véronique Bohbot amati maphunziro awo ndi oyamba kupereka umboni wosatsutsika wakuti masewera a pakompyuta angasokoneze ubongo..

Ophunzira nawo neuroimaging onse anali azaka zapakati pa 18- mpaka 30 opanda mbiri yosewera masewera apakanema.

Zojambula za ubongo zomwe zimapangidwirapo ophunzira asanayambe ndi pambuyo pake kuyesera kuyang'ana kusiyana kwa hippocampus pakati pa osewera omwe amakonda njira zakumbukiro zapamwamba ndi ophunzira omwe amatchedwa kuti ayankhidwe - omwe ndi osewera omwe njira yawo yoyendetsera masewera amathandizira gawo la ubongo wotchedwa kuphulika maziko, omwe amatithandiza kukhala ndi zizoloŵezi.

Zojambula za ubongo zimasonyeza kuwonongeka kwa mutu wakuda

Kafukufukuyu akuti 85 pa zana la osewera osewera masewera asanu ndi limodzi kapena oposa pa sabata akuwonetsedwa kuti amadalira kwambiri dongosolo la ubongo kuti apeze njira yawo mu masewera.

Pambuyo maola a 90 akusewera masewera othamanga oyambirira monga Mayitanidwe antchito, Killzone, Medal of Honor ndi Borderlands 2, Kuyesa kwaubongo kwa ophunzira poyankha kunawonetsa zomwe West ananena kuti ndi "zowerengera zofunikira" zaimvi zotayika mu hippocampus.

"Anthu onse omwe timawatcha kuti ophunzira mayankho adakumana ndi kuchepa kwa imvi mkati mwa hippocampus," adatero West.

Pofalitsa nkhani, ofufuzawo adakulitsa zomwe apeza: "Vuto ndiloti, momwe amagwiritsira ntchito gawo la caudate, samagwiritsa ntchito hippocampus, ndipo chifukwa chake hippocampus amataya ma cell ndi ma atrophies," ndikuwonjezera kuti izi zitha kukhala " zofunikira zazikulu ”pambuyo pake m'moyo.

Kusanthula kwaubongo kwamasewera osewerera makanema akuwonetsa kuti hippocampus ndiyocheperako 'm'njira yofunika,' malinga ndi West ndi Bohbot. (yoperekedwa ndi Gregory West)

Hippocampus ndi biomarker yodziwika bwino yamatenda ena amitsempha yam'mimba, West adalongosola.

"Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la imvi mu hippocampus ali pachiwopsezo chotenga nkhawa pambuyo povutika kwambiri ali ndi zaka zakubadwa komanso ngakhale matenda a Alzheimer's atakula," Iye anati.

Chithandizo cha electro-acupuncture for addiction internet: Umboni wa kuimika matenda osokoneza maganizo m'zaka zachinyamata (2017)

Kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso kumawongolera kwambiri pa intaneti. Kusinthaku kunawonetsedwa mu kusintha kwa ubongo mu ubongo. Zowonjezera:

Achinyamata makumi atatu mphambu awiri a IA adapatsidwa gawo lililonse la EA (16 milandu) kapena PI (milandu ya 16) ndi tebulo losasintha. Omwe anali mgulu la EA adalandira chithandizo cha EA ndipo omvera mu gulu la PI adalandira kuzindikira ndi chithandizo chamakhalidwe. Achinyamata onse adalowererapo 45-d. Odzipereka khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi adalembedwa mgulu loyang'anira. Zambiri za Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) komanso kuchuluka kwa ubongo N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) wopanga (NAA / Cr) ndi choline (Cho) wopanga (Cho / Cr) zinajambulidwa ndi makina owonera maginito asanafike komanso pambuyo pothandizidwa.

Maphunziro a IAT ndi BIS-11 chiwerengero cha onse a EA ndi PI gulu chinachepetsedwa modabwitsa atatha chithandizo (P <0.05), pomwe gulu la EA likuwonetsa kuchepa kwakukulu pazinthu zina za BIS-11 (P <0.05). Onse NAA / Cr ndi Cho / Cr anali bwino kwambiri mu gulu la EA pambuyo pa chithandizo (P <0.05); komabe, panalibe kusintha kwakukulu kwa NAA / Cr kapena Cho / Cr pagulu la PI atalandira chithandizo (P> 0.05).

Zomwe EA ndi PI zinakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi achinyamata a IA, makamaka pazochitika zokhudzana ndi maganizo ndi makhalidwe, EA akhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wapamwamba kuposa PI pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonongeka komanso ubongo wa chitetezo cha ubongo. Njira yomwe ikugwiritsira ntchito phindu limeneli ikhoza kugwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa NAA ndi Cho m'madera oyandikana ndi apereal komanso mabungwe amkati.

Kutenga Facebook pamtengo wapatali: chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito chikhalidwe cha anthu kungayambitse matenda a maganizo (2017)

Chidule chaching'ono:

Facebook, yomwe imakhala yaikulu kwambiri, imakhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 2 mabiliyoni a mwezi [1], yolingana ndi oposa 25% ya anthu padziko lapansi. Ngakhale kupezeka kwa malo ochezera a pa intaneti kumawoneka ngati kopanda phindu kapena kopindulitsa, kafukufuku waposachedwa wanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Facebook ndi malo ena ochezera pa TV kumatha kukhala ndi vuto paumoyo wamaganizidwe [2-5].

Pa kafukufuku wam'mbuyo wam'mbuyo mowirikiza wokhudzana ndi mafunde atatu (2013, 2014, ndi 2015) kuchokera kwa oposa 5000 omwe ali nawo ku Gallup Panel Social Network Study, Shakya ndi Christakis adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Facebook (komwe kunayesedwa moyenera ) adawonetsedwa molakwika ndi kudzidandaulira mwadzidzidzi [3]. Onse osindikiza 'like' patsamba la ena la Facebook ndikulemba 'zosintha zamtundu' patsamba lawo la Facebook adalumikizidwa ndi thanzi lam'mutu. Chofunika kwambiri, zotsatirazi zinali zolimba pakuwunika komwe kukuyembekezeredwa ndi mafunde awiri omwe akuwonetsa kuti kuwongolera zotsatira kumachokera ku Facebook kugwiritsa ntchito kuchepa kwamaganizidwe osati njira ina [3]. Komabe, chifukwa cha chidziwitso cha deta yolongosola, zotsatirazi sizikuyimira umboni wa zotsatira zovulaza za Facebook, koma mwina-chifukwa cha kachitidwe ka nthawi yaitali kafukufuku-akuyimira kuwonetsa kwabwino kwa zotsatira za Facebook pa maganizo Kukhala bwino mpaka lero [3].

Kafukufuku wina waposachedwa wotsimikizira kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Facebook kungakhale ndi zotsatira zoyipa paumoyo ndi wa Tromholt [5] omwe otsogolera a 1095 anapatsidwa mwachindunji (kapena m'malo mwake mwachangu) kuti atsatire malangizo amodzi: (i) 'Pitirizani kugwiritsa ntchito Facebook monga sabata yotsatira' kapena ii) 'Musagwiritse ntchito Facebook sabata yotsatira '[5]. Pambuyo pa sabata lino, anthu omwe adatumizidwa ku gulu lodziletsa la Facebook adanena kuti ali ndi moyo wokhutira kwambiri komanso amakhala ndi maganizo abwino kuposa omwe amapatsidwa ku "Facebook monga mwachizolowezi" gulu [5]. Komabe, chifukwa cha malingaliro osadziwika a phunziro lino, zotsatira zake sizikuyimira umboni wa zotsatira za Facebook kukhala-zotsatira, zomwe zingakhale zovuta kukhazikitsa.

Ngati ife tikuganiza kuti ntchito ya Facebook imakhala ndi zotsatira zovulaza ubwino wa m'maganizo, kodi ndi njira yanji yomwe ikugwiritsira ntchito? Cholinga ichi sichinali chodziwika bwino, koma kufotokozera mwachidziwitso-ndi chithandizo china chothandiza-ndi chakuti anthu amasonyeza kwambiri zinthu zabwino kwambiri pamoyo wawo pa zamasamba [6] ndi anthu ena-amene amakonda kutenga malingaliro abwino omwe ali osagwirizana nawo-potero amvetsetse kuti moyo wawo umaganizira molakwika ndi wa ena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Facebook [7]. Monga momwe ziwonetsero zaposachedwapa za Hanna et al. Ziwonetseratu, kufanana kwapakati pazomwe anthu amakhala nako kungathetsere zotsatira zoyipa za ntchito ya Facebook pa umoyo wabwino [4].

Kodi ndizomveka kuti zotsatira zolakwika za Facebook pa umoyo waumphawi zimathandizira pa chitukuko cha matenda enieni? Yankho la funso ili ndilo lakuti 'inde', monga momwe zatsimikiziridwa kuti zochepa za kudzidzimva bwino kwaumwini ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha matenda a maganizo-makamaka kuvutika maganizo [8]. Kuwonjezera apo, anthu omwe amakhala ndi vuto lovutika maganizo angakhale ovuta kwambiri ku zotsatira zovulaza za chikhalidwe cha anthu chifukwa cha zomwe zimazitcha kuti chidziwitso chosayenera, chomwe chiri chofala kwambiri chiwerengerochi [9-11].

Momwe nkhani ya Facebook imasinthira, zomwe sizingafanane ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa azitha kuona kuti moyo wawo ndi wofanana makamaka zoipa kwa anthu ena pa Facebook. Kuwonjezera pa kuvutika maganizo, zikuoneka kuti Facebook ndi zojambula zina zowonongeka zowonongeka zingakhale ndi zotsatira zowononga poyambitsa matenda a maganizo omwe chithunzi cholakwika / chosokonezeka ndi mbali ya matenda a maganizo, monga matenda odwala [4, 12].

Ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mafilimu monga Facebook akulepheretsa thanzi labwino, tingakhale tikukumana ndi mliri wadziko lonse wa matenda a maganizo, omwe mwinamwake umakhudza kwambiri achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamuwa kwambiri [3]. Momwemo, munda wamaganizo ayenera kuchitapo kanthu mwakuya ndikupitiriza maphunziro pa zotsatira za chikhalidwe cha anthu pa thanzi labwino, ndi njira zochepetsera izi ngati ziri zovulaza. Njira imodzi yochitira zimenezi ingakhale kupanikizika mobwerezabwereza-kwa ana ndi achinyamata makamaka kuti makanema okhudzana ndi chitukuko amachokera kumaganizo osankhidwa ndi osakondera omwe sakuyenera kutengedwa pamtengo wapatali.

Kusokoneza maganizo kosaoneka ngati chiwonetsero cha vuto la masewera a intaneti: kutembenuza umboni wochokera kumalo osakanikirana ndi ojambula (2017)

Mu phunziro lapadera la maphunziro osagwiritsa ntchito mavidiyo adasewera masewera a kanema kwa masabata a 6. Osewera awa osayera anapezeka ndi vuto la imvi m'malo opondera. Kuyika malire kumadera awa kunkagwirizana ndi msinkhu wothamanga kwambiri. Zowonjezera:

Matenda a masewera a intaneti akuimira vuto la kudwala. Zizindikiro zazikulu zikuphatikizapo kuyesayesa kuyesa njira zowonongeka za khalidwe ndi kupitiliza kugwiritsira ntchito ngakhale zotsatira zoipa zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka malamulo. Kafukufuku wam'mbuyo adawulula zovuta za ubongo m'madera oyandikana nawo omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azigwiritsa ntchito kwambiri Intaneti. Komabe, chifukwa cha zochitika zapakati pa maphunzirowa, sizikudziwikiratu ngati zochitika za ubongo zomwe zawonongeka zisanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa intaneti.

Potsutsana ndi izi, kafukufuku wapano adalumikiza magawo opingasa komanso azitali kuti adziwe zovuta zamasewera pa intaneti. Maphunziro makumi anayi ndi amodzi omwe ali ndi mbiri yakusewera kwambiri pa intaneti komanso maphunziro a 78 a masewerawa adalembetsa nawo maphunziro apano. Kuti mudziwe zovuta zamasewera pa intaneti pamapangidwe am'magazi, masewera osazindikira amasewera amapatsidwa masabata a 6 amasewera tsiku lililonse pa intaneti (gulu lophunzitsira) kapena mkhalidwe wosasewera (gulu lowongolera).

Pomwe mukuphunzira, operewera kwambiri pa intaneti amawonetsa kuti pang'onopang'ono pamakhala nkhani yamtengo wapatali poyerekeza ndi maphunziro a pa Intaneti. M'maseŵera a pa intaneti, otsika kwambiri pamtunduwu amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mavidiyo oposa omwe amapezeka pa intaneti. Kufufuza kwa nthawi yayitali kunasonyeza kuti poyamba umboni wosonyeza kuti imvi imakhala yochepa kwambiri patsiku la maphunziro komanso gulu la ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zonsezi, zomwe zapeza panopa zikusonyeza ntchito yofunikira ya orbitofrontal cortex pakukula kwa intaneti ndi kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pamaseŵera a pa Intaneti ndi zolakwika m'madera ena a ubongo.

Zotsatira za Mapulogalamu Okhudza Maphunziro a Psychological: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti kwa Achinyamata (2017)

Kuda nkhawa ndi anthu kumachepa pomwe chidwi chocheza chikuwonjezeka. Mwinanso nkhawa yamagulu siyomwe idalipo kale pa omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Zolemba

Kuwonjezeka kwa makhalidwe ovuta achinyamata kumawoneka kuti akugwirizana kwambiri ndi PIU ndipo akuyenera kuwonjezereka ndi zaka. Njira yothetsera vutoli (CBT) -thandizidwe yothandizidwa yawonetseredwa kuti ichepetse kwambiri pamaso pa zizindikiro za maganizo monga kupsinjika maganizo ndi nkhawa za anthu. Pulogalamu Yophatikiza Maphunziro a Psychological-Intaneti Kugwiritsa Ntchito Achinyamata (PIP-IU-Y) ndondomeko ya CBT yokonzera achinyamata ndipo ikuphatikizapo luso lothandizira kuti azitha kukambirana maso ndi maso. Chimalimbikitsa kutenga njira zothandizira anthu kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito pa Intaneti pokhapokha atayambanso kuyankhula ndi PIU wophunzirayo monga njira yosagwirizanitsa ntchito komanso kuphatikizapo maganizo abwino.

Onse omwe ali nawo pakati pa 157 azaka zapakati pa 13 ndi 18 adamaliza pulogalamuyi yomwe inali ndi magawo asanu ndi atatu sabata iliyonse, magawo a 90 pagulu. Zotsatira zakuchiza zimayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwakumapeto kwa pulogalamuyi komanso mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa chithandizo. Ambiri mwa omwe atenga nawo mbali adawonetsa kusintha pakatha magawo asanu ndi atatu a PIP-IU-Y sabata ndikupitilizabe kukonza pakutsata kwa mwezi umodzi. Ambiri mwa ophunzira adatha kuyendetsa zizindikiro za PIU pambuyo pa pulogalamu yowonjezera, ndikulimbikitsa mphamvu ya PIP-IU-Y. Sizinangowonjezera khalidwe la PIU koma linathandizanso kuchepetsa nkhawa za anthu komanso kukulankhulana.

Kafukufuku wina akhoza kufufuza kusiyana kwa mankhwala pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya PIU (mwachitsanzo, masewera a pa Intaneti ndi zolaula) kuti awone ngati pali kusiyana kwa mankhwala.

Kusewera kwa Mavenda Osavuta Kwambiri pa Intaneti: Kuunika Phunziro la Maonekedwe a Mitundu Zinayi za Achinyamata Ovuta Mavuto a Gamers (2017)

Kupititsa patsogolo nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito maseŵera kunachititsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino pa zida zofufuza mitundu yonse ya maganizo ndi maganizo. Chidule:

Kusintha kwa magawo kunasindikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi: (i) AB zinachitika pamene ziwerengero zonse za gawo A zidapezeka; (ii) B-A 'inachitika pamene zowonjezera zatha; ndipo (iii) Gawo A 'lachitika ndi kusonkhanitsa deta patatha miyezi itatu chithandizo chitatha

Kufanizira asanalembe zolondola pa batire la sikelo kunawonetsa kuchepa (onani Gome 2). Zotsatira zamankhwala pa IGD-20 Test ndi CERV anasintha kuchokera ku t1 mpaka t6, ndipo adakhazikika miyezi itatu itatha chithandizo cha mankhwala (Table 2, t6 mpaka t7). Zizindikiro zazitali monga momwe zimayesedwa ndi miyeso ya YSR-Total ndi SCL-R-PSDI bwino. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi sukulu (CBCL), mavuto azachikhalidwe (YSR), komanso kusamvana kwa mabanja (FES) zinathandizanso kutsatira chithandizo (Gome 2).

Kuyesa zotsatira za chithandizo pazamankhwala enieni a comorbid, miyeso ya kuyesedwa kwa MACI idafaniziridwa. Zambiri pamiyeso izi zidatsikanso: C1: Depression Afimate (FF) pre = 108, FFpost = 55, Intsiansion (1) pre = 107, 1post = 70; C2: Kusazunzika kwa Anzake (E) pre = 111, Epost = 53, Kudzimvera Mokhumudwitsa (EE) pre = 76, EEpost = 92; C3: Borderline Tendency (9) pre = 77, 9post = 46, Unruly (6A) pre = 71, 6Apost = 71; C4: FFpre = 66, FFpost = 29, 1pre = 104, 1post = 45. Kupatula kokha kunali kukula kwa EE [Kumverera Kodetsa nkhawa] (kwa C2) ndi Scale 9 [Borderline tend] (ya C3), komwe kuchepera sikunachitike. Kuti muwunikire mgwirizano wamankhwala komanso momwe odwala akukhutira, chida chaWATOCI chinagwiritsidwa ntchito (Corbella and Botella 2004) (Table 2). Zambiri zothandiza zikusonyeza kuti ophunzira anayiwo akhutira ndi mankhwalawo.

Kusokoneza Intaneti Kumapangitsa Kusalongosoka mu Ubongo (2017)

Poyerekeza ndi gulu lolamulira, ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti anali ndi kuchuluka kwa gamma aminobutyric acid, kapena GABA, neurotransmitter yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zina komanso matenda amisala. Pambuyo pa masabata 9 akuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, komanso chithandizo chazidziwitso, magulu a GABA "okhazikika".

Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi:

Kafukufuku watsopano wagwirizanitsa zosokoneza pa intaneti ndi kusalinganika kwamankhwala muubongo. Pakafukufuku kakang'ono, koperekedwa lero ku msonkhano wapachaka a Radiological Society of North America ku Chicago, omwe ali nawo pa 19 omwe ali ndi vuto lokonda kugwiritsa ntchito mafoni, mapiritsi, ndi makompyuta awonetsa milingo yayikulu kwambiri ya neurotransmitter yomwe imaletsa kugwira ntchito kwaubongo.

Nkhani yabwino: Patatha milungu isanu ndi inayi akuchiritsidwa, mankhwala a omwe amatenga nawo mbali adasinthiratu, ndipo nthawi yawo yotchinga idachepa, atero a Hyung Suk Seo, pulofesa wa neuroradiology ku Korea University ku Seoul, yemwe adapereka kafukufukuyu.

Seo ndi anzawo adazindikira kusalinganika kwa mankhwala am'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito makina owonera maginito-njira yojambula yomwe imazindikira kusintha kwa ma metabolites ena muubongo. Chidachi chidawonetsa kuti omwe ali ndi vuto lokonda kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, poyerekeza ndi gulu lolamulira, anali atakweza gamma aminobutyric acid, kapena GABA, neurotransmitter yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zina komanso matenda amisala.

Ophunzirawo - achinyamata 19 ku Korea azaka zapakati pa 15 - onse adapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito intaneti komanso ma smartphone. Kuzindikira kuti ndimakonda kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kumatanthauza kuti munthuyo amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti mpaka zomwe zimasokoneza moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Ophunzira nawonso anali ndi ziwonetsero zazikulu kwambiri pakukhumudwa, kuda nkhawa, kusowa tulo, komanso kutengeka mtima, poyerekeza ndi achinyamata omwe samakonda.

Otsatira khumi ndi awiriwa adapatsidwa masabata asanu ndi anayi amtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo otchedwa chidziwitso cha mankhwala. Pambuyo pa chithandizocho, Seo adayesanso milingo yawo ya GABA, ndikuwona kuti adasintha.

Chofunika koposa, kuchuluka kwa maola omwe ana amakhala patsogolo pazenera nawonso kuchepa. "Kukhala wokhoza kuwona zachilengedwe - ndichinthu chosangalatsa kwambiri," akutero Max Wintermark, katswiri wama neuroradiologist ku Yunivesite ya Stanford yemwe sanachite nawo kafukufukuyu. Kupeza njira yowunika zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo-makamaka mtundu wina wa chizindikiritso choyambirira-kungakhale kovuta, akutero. "Chifukwa chake kuti mukhale ndi mtundu wina wamatsenga womwe mumatulutsa muukadaulo womwe umakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe chithandizo chanu chikuyendera ndikukuwuzani koyambirira ngati chikuyenda bwino-ndizofunika kwambiri," akutero.

Zotsatira zachipatala zamasewera otsegula m'maseŵera achikulire omwe amavutika kwambiri (2018)

Kafukufuku wapadera anali ndi ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amayesera kusiya kwa sabata. Osewera ambiri adanenanso zakusiya - zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupewa. Zizindikiro zakubwerera zimatanthawuza kuti kusewera kumayambitsa kusintha kwa ubongo. Chidule:

Phunziroli linalongosola zosiyana siyana zoganizira zachangu zomwe zimachitika pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi potsatira kukhudzana koyambirira ndi ntchito yothandizira pa intaneti. Onse ochita masewera akuluakulu a 186 omwe ali ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi masewerawa adatumizidwa pa intaneti. Ophunzirawo adamaliza kulemba ndondomeko ya maseŵero a magemu a DSM-5 (IGD), Kuvutika Maganizo Anxiety Stress Scales-21, Kuyimira Masewera a Pakompyuta pa Intaneti, Masewero a Masewera a Gaming, ndi Gaming Quality of Life Scale. Kafukufuku wamodzi wa sabata umodzi anawonetsa kutsata ndi cholinga chodziletsa.

Odziletsa sakanakhala ndi zizindikiro za kuchotsa ndipo mosakayika kusewera masewera okuthandizira. Ophunzira omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za maganizo (40% ya chiwerengero) amaonetsa zizindikiro za IGD zowonjezereka, zizindikiro zolimbana ndi maseŵera olimbitsa thupi (mwachitsanzo, kupindulitsa kwambiri masewera a masewera), zochitika zina zammbuyo za mavuto a masewera, ndi moyo wosauka kwambiri. Komabe, zizindikiro zamanyazi sizinaneneratu kudziletsa kapena kupitiliza kusewera. Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe akufuna kuthandizira kuchepetsa maseŵero awo angapindule poyamba ndi njira zomwe zingasamalire ndi psychoeducation za ntchito zothamanga za riskier.

Kugwirizana pakati pa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwabwino, ndi mavuto, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pazinthu zowonongeka ndi zokhudzana ndi maganizo (2018)

Phunziro lina lapadera lofufuza nkhani zomwe zili ndi zizindikiro zatsopano za ADHD. Olemba amakhulupirira kwambiri kuti kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kumachititsa ADHD kukhala zizindikiro. Chidule cha zokambirana.

Kudwala kwa ADHD ndi zizindikiro za ADHD zowonongeka pa intaneti

Ponena za zizindikiro za ADHD mu phunziro lino, zochitika zamakono komanso za moyo wa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti (13.8% ndi 11.5%) zinali zapamwamba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti omwe ali ndi vuto komanso machitidwe abwino. Kafukufuku wa meta amawonetsa kuti kufalikira kwa ADHD pafupifupi 2.5% (Simon, Czobor, Bálint, Mészáros, & Bitter, 2009). Zambiri mwa maphunziro a ADHD ndi Internet adayendetsedwa pa achinyamata komanso osati achinyamata (Seyrek et al., 2017; Tateno et al., 2016). Pali phunziro limodzi lokha limene limafotokoza kufalikira kwa ADHD kwa 5.5% mwa ovuta akuluakulu "ovuta" pa intaneti (Kim et al., 2016). Komabe, zitsanzozo zinaphatikizaponso ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndipo motero zofukufukuzo sizingakhale zofanana ndi za phunziroli.

Kudziwa kwathu, ichi chinali phunziro loyambirira kuyesa kufotokozera momwe zotsatira za zizindikiro za ADHD zatsopano zatsopano zakhalira kuphatikiza ku ADHD matenda opezeka pa intaneti. Ophunzira omwe ali ndi ADHD komanso omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za ADHD zatsopano zomwe zakhala zikuchitika posachedwapa zinkasonyeza kuwononga kwakukulu kwa moyo wawo wonse komanso masiku ano poyerekeza ndi omwe sanakwanitse. Komanso, oledzera omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za ADHD zatsopano (30% ya gulu loletsedwa) zikuwonetseratu kuwonjezereka kwa ntchito pa Intaneti pafupipafupi poyerekezera ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli popanda zizindikiro za ADHD.

Zotsatira zathu zimasonyeza kuti zizindikiro za ADHD zatsopano (posapindulitsa chidziwitso cha ADHD) zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuledzera kwa intaneti. Izi zingachititse kuti chiwonetsero choyamba chakuti kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti mofulumira kumakhudza kupititsa patsogolo zoperewera zamaganizo zofanana ndi zomwe zili mu ADHD. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wa Nie, Zhang, Chen, ndi Li (2016) adanena kuti intaneti yachinyamata imayeserera ndi popanda ADHD komanso odwala omwe ali ndi ADHD okha amasonyeza zofanana ndi zoletsera zoletsa ndi ntchito yoganizira ntchito.

Lingaliro limeneli likuwoneka kuti limathandizidwanso ndi kafukufuku wina wa kafukufuku wochepetsetsa mitsempha yowonongeka mkati mwa anterior cingulate kalotex omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti komanso odwala ADHD (Frodl & Skokauskas, 2012; Moreno-Alcazar et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2015; Yuan et al., 2011). Komabe, kuti tiwatsimikizire malingaliro athu, kufufuza kwina kuyesa mgwirizano pakati pa kuyambira kwa kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri Intaneti ndi ADHD pa zovuta za intaneti zikufunikira. Kuonjezera apo, kufufuza kwa nthawi yayitali kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kufotokozera zachinyengo. Ngati zofukufuku zathu zatsimikiziridwa ndi maphunziro apitanso, izi zidzakhala ndi zofunikira zachipatala kwa njira ya matenda a ADHD. Zikutheka kuti madokotala adzafunikila kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito Intaneti pa odwala omwe akukayikira ADHD.

Kuipa kwa thupi ndi zotsatira za maganizo pa nthawi yowonekera pa ana ndi achinyamata: Kuwerengera zolemba ndi phunziro (2018)

Kafukufuku wamilandu akuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kunayambitsa khalidwe la ADHD yokhudzana ndi khalidwe la ADHD lomwe silinapezeke ngati ADHD. Mfundo:

Gulu lokhala ndi mabuku likuphatikiza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira muyeso komanso makina ogwiritsira ntchito digito ndi zotsatira zoyipa zathupi, zamaganizidwe, zamaubwenzi. Kafukufuku akuwunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mafoni, ndipo kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kutalika, kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kugwiritsidwa ntchito usiku, mtundu wa media ndi kuchuluka kwa zida ndi zofunikira zomwe zimatsimikizira zotsatira za nthawi yazenera. Zotsatira zaumoyo wakuthupi: Nthawi yayikulu yophimba imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugona tulo komanso zinthu zoopsa pamatenda a mtima monga kuthamanga magazi, kunenepa kwambiri, cholesterol yotsika ya HDL, kusakhala ndi nkhawa yamavuto ambiri (kukomoka kwa mtima ndi kuvunda kwa cortisol), komanso Insulin Resistance. Zina zathanzi lanu zimaphatikizira kusawona bwino komanso kuchepa kwa mafupa. Zotsatira zamaganizidwe: kukhazikika mkati ndi kuchita zinthu zokhudzana ndi thupi kumagwirizana ndi kugona tulo.

Zizindikiro zakukhumudwitsa ndi kudzipha zimayenderana ndi nthawi yotsitsa ya kugona kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito foni ya digito usiku, komanso kudalira foni yam'manja. Khalidwe lokhudzana ndi ADHD limalumikizidwa ndi mavuto ogona, nthawi yonse yophimba, komanso zamtopola komanso zothamanga zomwe zimayambitsa dopamine ndi njira zopindulira. Kuwonetsedwa koyambirira komanso nthawi yayitali pazinthu zachiwawa kumalumikizananso ndi chiopsezo cha chikhalidwe chamunthu wocheperako komanso kuchepa kwamakhalidwe oyenera. Zotsatira zama Psychoneurological: Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yowonera pazenera kumachepetsa kulumikizana ndipo kumakhudzanso kulakalaka kofanana ndi chikhalidwe chodalira zinthu. Kusintha kwamachitidwe aubongo okhudzana ndi kuwongolera kwazindikiritso ndi malingaliro ammachitidwe zimalumikizidwa ndi chikhalidwe chamawonekedwe a digito. Kafukufuku wokhudza chithandizo cha ADHD wopezeka ndi mwana wazaka 9 akuwonetsa kuti nthawi yakusonyezedwa ya ADHD imatha kupezeka molakwika ngati ADHD. Kuchepetsa nthawi ya Screen kumathandiza kuchepetsa kuchepa kwokhudzana ndi ADHD.

Zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri kuti maganizo okhudzidwa ndi maganizo a munthu azikhala osagwedezeka (zofanana ndi khalidwe la ADHD), kulumikizana bwino ndi chikhalidwe, komanso thanzi labwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri digito zojambulidwa ndi ana ndi achinyamata zikuwoneka ngati chinthu chachikulu chimene chingalepheretse kuganiza bwino kwa maganizo a maganizo.

Zomwe Achinyamata Amagwiritsa Ntchito pa Intaneti, Kugwirizana kwa Anthu, ndi Zizindikiro Zowopsya: Kufufuza kuchokera kufukufuku wamtundu wa Longitudinal Cohort (2018)

Kufufuza mgwirizano pakati pa achinyamata ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito Intaneti ndi kusonkhana pakati pa sukulu komanso mmene mgwirizanowu umakhudzidwira zizindikiro zowonongeka pakati pa achinyamata ku Taiwan, pogwiritsa ntchito kufufuza kwakukulu kwa gulu lonse komanso njira yopita patsogolo ya LGM.

Deta ya ophunzira a 3795 yotsatira kuchokera m'chaka cha 2001 ku 2006 mu Kafukufuku wa Maphunziro a Taiwan ku Maphunziro anafufuzidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pafupipafupi kumatanthauzidwa ndi maola pa sabata yomwe inagwiritsidwa ntchito pa (1) masewera a pa Intaneti ndi (2). Kuphatikizana kwa sukulu ndi zizindikiro zachisoni zinali kudzidzimva. Tinagwiritsa ntchito LGM yosasamala kuti tiyese kulingalira zazomwe zimayambira (kutengera) ndi kukula (mtunda) wa kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Kenaka, mamembala ena a LGM adagwirizana ndi kusamalana kwa sukulu ndi kuvutika maganizo.

Mchitidwe wogwiritsa ntchito intaneti unali wokhudzana kwambiri ndi zofooka (coefficient = 0.31, p <0.05) ku Wave 4.

Kusonkhana pakati pa sukulu poyamba kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa nthawi yopuma pa Intaneti pa achinyamata. Kukula kwa intaneti kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi sikunathe kufotokozedwa ndi kusamalana kwa sukulu koma kunakhudza mavuto. Kulimbikitsa kulumikizana kwa achinyamata kusukulu kungalepheretse kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti nthawi yopuma. Popereka upangiri pakugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kwa achinyamata, othandizira zaumoyo ayenera kuganizira malo ochezera a odwala awo komanso thanzi lawo.

Ntchito Yotsalira Mipikisano ya Prefrontal-Striatal mu Kusewera kwa Masewera a Intaneti: Kusintha ndi Kukhala ndi Maganizo Odziŵa Zopangira Chithandizo ndi Zomwe Zidzakhala Zokhudza Kuchiza Mankhwala (2018)

Kuphunzira kwa nthawi yaitali, njira ya ALFF ndi FC inagwiritsidwa ntchito kufufuza njira zothandizira ubongo pakati pa IGD gulu ndi HC gulu komanso njira zachipatala za CBT m'nkhani za IGD. Tapeza kuti IGD imasonyeza kuti sizinali zachilendo za madera ena omwe amachititsa kuti anthu asamayang'ane ndi HC komanso kuti CBT imatha kuchepetsa zovuta zomwe zimachitika mu OFC ndi putamen ndikuwonjezera kuyanjana pakati pawo, kuphatikizapo kusintha zizindikiro za IGD.

Mu phunziro ili, FC yotsalira pakati pa mbali ya kumanzere ya OFC ndi putamen inali yochepa mu IGD gulu. BIS-11 yolumikizana ndi kusintha kwa FC kunawonetsa kuti kuwonongeka kwa maulendo oyendetsa mapeto kungakhale ndi zotsatira za khalidwe lachidziwitso la maphunziro a IGD. Kafukufuku wam'mbuyomu wam'mbuyomu adanena kuti kuwonongeka kwa ntchito m'zipatala za PFC kunayanjanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu mu IGD (37).

Mabwalo oyambira-oyambira amaphatikizapo chipika chazindikiritso, chomwe chimalumikiza ma caudate ndi putamen ndi zigawo zoyambirira. Mogwirizana ndi zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufuku waposachedwa wa ntchito, kusintha kosinthika kunawonedwa m'malo angapo asanachitike (kuphatikiza medial yoyenera YAC, SMA yapakati ndi ACC yakumanzere) ndi zigawo za basal ganglia (the putamen putamen) pamavuto osokoneza, kuphatikizapo IGD (12, 38, 39). Volkow et al. Anapanga mauthenga othandizira anthu osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi vuto la mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuphatikizapo OFC-, ACC-, otchedwa GYrus (IFG) omwe sali otsika kwambiri (IFG) -, komanso dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). kusamvetseka (40) ndi mavuto pakupanga zisankho zabwino, zomwe zimaimira chizoloŵezi; pamene anthu omwe ali ndi IGD akupitiriza kusewera ngakhale akukumana ndi zotsatira zoipa, izi zikhoza kukhala zogwirizana ndi zovuta za maulendo a prefrontal-striatal (41).

Phunziro lino, nthawi yosewera masabata pamlungu inali yochepa kwambiri, ndipo ma CIAS ndi BIS-II anachepetsedwa kwambiri pambuyo pa CBT. Ananena kuti zotsatira zoyipa zikhoza kusinthidwa ngati kuledzera kwa intaneti kungathetsedwe m'kanthawi kochepa. Tinawona kuti chuma cha ALFF chinachepetsedwa m'madera otsika a OFC komanso ku leftamen kumanzere komanso kuwonjezeka kwa OFC-putamen kumapeto kwa CBT, zomwe zikupezeka zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zapitazo zomwe zinapangitsa kuti dera la OFC-striatal likhale lingaliro lachilombo poyambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo zovuta (43). OfC ikuphatikizidwa mu lamulo lachidziwitso kuwonjezera pa kupanga chisankho, kotero kugwirizanitsa pakati pa OFC ndi putamen kumatanthawuza kulamulira bwino khalidwe lopanda nzeru la IGD maphunziro (44). Zogwirizana ndi zotsatira za zochepa za BIS-11 maphunziro pambuyo pa chithandizo.

Mwachidule, zofukufuku zathu zasonyeza kuti IGD inagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa maulendo ena oyendetsa makondomu ndipo CBT ingathe kulepheretsa kusokoneza ntchito kwa OFC ndi putamen ndikuwonjezera kuyanjana pakati pawo. Zotsatirazi zikhoza kupereka zifukwa zowunikira njira zachipatala za CBT muzochitika za IGD ndipo zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri zomwe zingaganizire za kusintha kwachizindikiro pambuyo pa CBT m'nkhani za IGD.

Kuletsedwa kwa Smartphone ndi Mmene Zimakhudzira Kugonjetsedwa Kwambiri Related Scores (2018)

Kugwiritsira ntchito mafilimu ochulukirapo kwagwirizanitsidwa ndi zotsatira zingapo zoipa kwa munthu ndi chilengedwe. Zofanana zina zikhoza kuwonetsedwa pakati pa kugwiritsira ntchito foni yamakono ndi zizoloŵezi zingapo zowonongeka, ndipo kupitiriza ntchito ndi chimodzi cha zizindikiro zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuledzeretsa. Pakutha kwakukulu kogawa kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ma smartphone, kuletsa kwa mafoni kungayembekezeredwe kupangitsa mavuto kwa anthu. Zotsatira zoyipa izi zitha kuonedwa kuti ndi zizindikiro zakubwera zomwe zimayenderana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakumwa.

Kuti athane ndi vutoli, kafukufukuyu wapezekanso pa Smartphone Withdrawal Scale (SWS), Kuopa Kuphonya (ScMOS) ndi Positive and Negative Afitive schedule (PANAS) pa nthawi ya 72 h yoletsedwa kwa smartphone. Zitsanzo za ophunzira 127 (azimayi 72.4%), azaka za 18-48 (M = 25.0, SD = 4.5), adapatsidwa mwadzidzidzi chimodzi mwazimenezi: chikhalidwe chokhazikika (gulu loyesera, n = 67) kapena chikhalidwe cholamulira (gulu lolamulira, n = 60).

Pa nthawi yoletsedwa, ophunzira adatsiriza masikelo omwe tatchulawa katatu patsiku. Zotsatirazo zinawunikira maulendo apamwamba kwambiri pa SWS ndi FoMOS kwa ophunzira omwe apatsidwa chikhalidwe choletsedwa kusiyana ndi omwe apatsidwa chikhalidwe cholamulira. Zonsezi zimasonyeza kuti kuyimitsa mafilimu kungabweretse zizindikiro zobwerera.

Kodi "kuloŵerera kudziletsa" ku maseŵera kumatsogolera ku zolaula? Insight kuchokera ku ngozi ya April 2018 yamaseva a Fortnite (2018)

Kusewera ndi kujambula zithunzi zolaula ndizofala kwambiri, komabe amadziwika pang'ono pokhudzana ndi momwe amachitira. Pa April 11, 2018, ma seva a masewero a kanema Azimayi: Battle Royale adawonongeka kwa 24 hr, ndikupereka chidziwitso ku machitidwe okakamiza kudziletsa. Pornhub, nsanja yapaintaneti yolaula, idatulutsa ziwerengero zakuwonera zolaula pa intaneti panthawiyi (Pornhub, 2018).

Zomwe zimawonetsa kuti pamene ma seva anali pansi, chiwerengero cha osewera masewera (omwe amadziwika pogwiritsira ntchito chida choyanjana chomwe chinaperekedwa ndi Google analytics) kupeza mavidiyo akuwonjezeka ndi 10% ndi mawu akuti "Fortnite"Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 60% ya anthu kawirikawiri pa kufufuza zolaula. Zithunzi zolaula zowonongeka zinali chabe "nthawi yodziletsa" ndipo anabwerera kuyeso pomwe Fortnitema seva anali okonzedwa.

Chenjezo ndilofunikira pakumasulira ziwerengero izi. Ngakhale zili choncho, zimapereka chidziwitso chodziŵika bwino cha momwe amachitira maseŵera angagwiritsire ntchito nthawi ya "kudziletsa mokakamiza." Izi zikhoza kukhala zogwirizana ndi zokambirana zapadera zokhudzana ndi "kuchotsa" kapena "kukhumbaNyenyezi, 2016). Makamaka, Fortnite Zithunzi zolaula zojambula zithunzi zimasintha ndi kafukufuku waposachedwapa (Kaptsis, King, Delfabbro, & Gradisar, 2016; Mfumu, Kaptsis, Delfabbro, & Gradisar, 2016), ndikuwonetsa kuti ochita masewera ena amatha kuthana ndi zovuta (monga zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi "kudziletsa mokakamiza") pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya "kulipidwa", mwachitsanzo, kufunafuna zochitika zina zokhudzana ndi masewera omwe amakonda.

Zochitika monga kufufuza zidziwitso zamasewera a kanema muma foramu kapena kuwonera makanema apa YouTube akhala akunenedwa ngati makhalidwe a mapindu. Pakali pano, ziŵerengero zofalitsidwa ndi Pornhub zimapereka zikhalidwe zina zowononga: kugwiritsa ntchito Fortnite-zinthu zolaula zofanana. Inde, pofufuza Zomwe zili ndi mawu Fortnite, wina angapeze parodies kumene ochita masewero amachita zachiwerewere atavala ngati Fortnite olemba, okwatirana akugonana akusewera Fortnitekapena Fortnitemavidiyo a hentai (anime). Chifukwa cha kusakanikirana kwaposachedwapa kwa matenda a masewera ndi chisokonezo cha chiwerewere kudziko la World Health Organization (2018) ICD-11, kufufuza kwina kuli kofunika kuti mumvetsetse mgwirizano pakati pa masewera ndi zolaula zovuta pazovuta komanso zosakhala zovuta. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, "kudziletsa mokakamizika" kungapangitse kuti kusintha kwa njira zomwe zingakhale zovuta, komanso njira zomwe zingachitikire, ziyenera kufufuza.

Kugwiritsa ntchito malo ochezera a pa Intaneti pamalo ochezera aumphawi komanso zotsatirapo: Zotsatira kuchokera ku gulu lalikulu la ophunzira omwe akuyembekezera ku China (2018)

TKafukufukuyu anavumbula mgwirizano pakati pa OSNA ndi kuvutika maganizo pakati pa achinyamata, kutanthauza kuti kuvutika maganizo kumathandizira kwambiri kuti chitukuko cha OSNA chikhale chonchi, ndipo anthu amene akuvutika maganizo amakumana ndi mavuto ambiri chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti pa Intaneti. Kufufuza kwa nthawi yaitali ndi maulendo angapo owonetsera nthawi ndi nthawi yochepa ndizofunikira kutsimikiziranso zofukufuku za phunziroli.

Kodi Masewera a Pakanema Ndi Njira Yotchova Juga? Phunziro Lakale Kwambiri Pogwiritsa Ntchito Woimira Norway Chitsanzo (2018)

Kafukufuku wapano adasanthula kuthekera kwa kulumikizana komwe kungachitike pakati pamavuto amasewera ndi kutchova juga kwamavuto, komanso kuwongolera zomwe zingakhudze kugonana ndi zaka. Mosiyana ndi kafukufuku wakale wam'mbuyomu womwe udakhazikitsidwa pamapangidwe amitundu ingapo komanso osayimira, kafukufukuyu adagwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe azitali zopitilira zaka 2 (2013, 2015) ndikupanga omwe akutenga nawo gawo 4601 (amuna 47.2%, zaka 16-74 ) yochokera kuzitsanzo zosasintha kuchokera kwa anthu wamba.

Masewera amakanema ndi kutchova juga adayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Gage Addiction Scale for Adolescents ndi Canadian vuto Gging Index, motsatana. Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wopangika wa magawo olimbitsa thupi, tinapeza mgwirizano wabwino pakati pa masewera ovuta pa masewerawa ndipo pambuyo pake timapeza zovuta zowchova njuga, koma sitinapeze umboni wowonongeka. Motero, mavuto a masewera a pakompyuta amawoneka ngati akuyendetsa kayendedwe ka juga. Pa kafukufuku wamtsogolo, munthu ayenera kupitiliza kuyang'anitsitsa zochitika zomwe zimakhala zochitika pakati pa kutchova njuga ndi kujambula mavidiyo.

Maulosi otsogolera pakati pa intaneti ndi zovuta kwambiri pakati pa achinyamata Achi China (2018)

Cholinga cha phunziroli ndi kufufuza (a) kaya chiwerengero cha kuvutika maganizo chikuwoneka pazomwe zakhala zikuchitika posachedwa pa Intaneti (IA) pamapeto a mwezi wa 12 ndipo (b) ngakhale kuti IA ikuyang'aniridwa pazochitika zatsopano za kukhumudwa mwinamwake potsatira.

Tidachita maphunziro a cohort a miyezi 12 (n = 8,286) pakati pa ophunzira aku Hong Kong sekondale, ndipo tidapeza magawo awiri. Sampampu yoyamba (n = 6,954) idaphatikizapo ophunzira omwe sanali IA poyambira, pogwiritsa ntchito Chen Internet Addiction Scale (-63), ndipo ina idaphatikizaponso milandu yomwe sinakhumudwitse poyambira (n = 3,589), pogwiritsa ntchito Center for Epidemiological Study Kuchuluka kwa Kukhumudwa (<16).

Zomwe tapeza zikuwonetsa kuti IA angathe kunena kuti vutoli likhoza kuwonongeka komanso mosemphana ndi iwo omwe sankakhala ndi zotsatira zowonjezera pazowonjezera. Ngakhale timapeza maulosi ofunika kwambiri, kafukufuku sangathe kukhazikitsa zovuta. Kuphatikizapo zotsatira za zizindikiro zowonongeka zapakati pa IA pazotsatira, zizindikiro zowonongeka zotsatila, kapena zizindikiro zapangidwe panthawi ziwiri, zingakhudze IA potsatira; Mng'onoting'ono wotsatila akhoza kuthandizanso movutika maganizo pakutsata.

Deta yathu imachirikiza lingaliro lakuti IA ndi zizindikiro za kupsinjika maganizo ndizo zingayambitse zotsatira ndi zotsatira za wina ndi mzake. Kulimbana pazochitika kumafunikanso maphunziro ochuluka a kutalika kwa nthawi yaitali. Komabe, luso lothandizira kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti likuyenera kuphatikizidwa mu mapulojekiti okhudzana ndi achinyamata omwe amasonyeza zizindikiro zachisoni ndi zizindikiro za IA. Mapulogalamu a IA ayenera kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zowawa. Ogwira ntchito zachipatala okhudzana ndi momwemo amafunika kukhazikitsa zatsopano ndi malo ogwira ntchito. Kafukufuku woyendetsa polojekiti ndi ndondomeko zomwe zimagwirizanitsa nthawi zonse IA ndi mavuto ovutika maganizo.

Kuwonjezereka kwakukulu kwa kukhumudwa kwakukulu ndikokudetsa nkhaŵa kumene kumafuna, monga momwe kupsinjika maganizo kumakhudzira mavuto achinyamata. Kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwapakati pazomweko kunaneneratu kuti IA azitsatiridwa komanso mosiyana, pakati pa iwo omwe analibe vuto la IA / vuto lotheka pazotsatira. Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo, aphunzitsi, ndi makolo akuyenera kudziwitsidwa kuti apeze zotsatirazi. Zowonjezera, zonse IA ndi kutetezedwa maganizo, ziyenera kuthandizira mavuto onsewa.

Maganizo Ochiza Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti Pavuto (2018)

Nkhaniyi inakonza ndi kuyesa ndondomeko yowonongeka yowonongeka kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti (PIU). Purogalamuyi ndi Mapulogalamu Othandizira Pakati pa Maphunziro a Pulogalamu ya Atsikana (PIP-IU-Y). Njira yochiritsira yochidziwitso yovomerezeka inayambitsidwa. Onse a sukulu yachiwiri ya 45 ochokera ku sukulu zinayi anamaliza pulogalamu yowonjezera yomwe inkachitika mu gulu la gulu ndi aphungu a sukulu olembetsa.

Zigawo zitatu zadzidzidzi zomwe zimadziwika pa Mavuto Othandizira Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti (PIUQ), Kusakanikirana kwa Anthu Omwe Amakhala ndi Nkhawa (SIAS), ndi Kupsinjika Maganizo Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) anasonkhanitsidwa pa nthawi zitatu: 1 sabata lisanayambe kulowerera, gawo, ndi mwezi wa 1 mutatha kulowa. PZotsatira zowonongeka zawonetsa kuti pulogalamuyo inali yothandiza popewera kusagwirizana kolakwika ku magawo oopsa kwambiri a intaneti, komanso kuchepetsa nkhawa ndi nkhawa ndi kugwirizana kwa anzawo. Zotsatira zake zinaonekera mwamsanga pamapeto pa zokambiranazo ndipo zinasungidwa mwezi wa 1 mutatha kulowererapo.

Phunziroli ndi limodzi mwa oyambirira kukhazikitsa ndi kuyesa pulogalamu yothandizira achinyamata omwe ali ndi PIU. Kuchita bwino kwa pulogalamu yathu popewera kusokonezeka kwa PIU ndi zizindikiro za ogwiritsa ntchito zovuta kwatithandiza kuti tiwonetsetse kuti pulojekitiyi idzalepheretsanso ogwiritsa ntchito kuti asakhale ndi zizindikiro zazikulu.

Kuyesera Zochitika Pakati Pakati Pakati pa Intaneti ndi Kuchita Zabwino ku Hong Kong Achinyamata: Kusanthula Kwambiri Pogwiritsa Ntchito Waves Wa Data (2018)

Zomwe anapeza zikuthandizira mfundo yakuti ubwino waumunthu waumunthu m'zaka zachinyamata ndi zotsatira zake osati chifukwa cha machitidwe oledzera a Internet. Kuonjezera umoyo wa moyo ndikupewa kudzipha achinyamata, njira zothandizira kuchepetsa makhalidwe oipa okhudza intaneti ayenera kuganiziridwa.

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Zambiri mwa maphunziro apitayi pa chiyanjano pakati pa intaneti ndi ubwino wachinyamata kwa achinyamata zakhazikitsidwa pamapangidwe osiyana siyana. Zomwe zili choncho, deta yautali kuchokera kwa woimira chitsanzo ndi yofunikira kuti ochita kafukufuku amvetse ngati kukhala ndi moyo wabwino ndi chiopsezo cha chizoloŵezi cha achinyamata pa intaneti kapena zotsatira zake. Phunziroli likugwira ntchitoyi pofufuza mgwirizano wa nthawi yaitali pakati pa intaneti ndi zizindikiro ziwiri za moyo wabwino, kukhutira moyo ndi kusowa chiyembekezo, mwachitsanzo chachikulu cha achinyamata a ku Hong Kong.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe a mapangidwe atatu a mawonekedwe, zotsatira zake zinkatsitsimutsa njira yowonongeka yomwe inachititsa kuti kusuta kwa intaneti kuwononge kuchepa kwaumwini pambuyo pa chikhalidwe choyambirira ndi zotsatira za kugonana, msinkhu, ndi chikhalidwe cha zachuma cha banja. Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino chomwe chinagwirizanitsa zochitika zina sikunali kuthandizidwa. Zotsatirazi zimapereka chidziwitso chatsopano ku chiyanjano cha maubwenzi pakati pa machitidwe ozunguza intaneti ndi ubwino wachinyamata. Mosiyana ndi maphunziro a magawo awiri, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mapangidwe apangidwe ndi machitidwe olingana ndi njira yowonongeka yopenda zowonongeka ndi kubwereza.

Matenda Okhudzidwa ndi Matendawa Oyambirira: Zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana pogonana zimatsanzira vuto la autism spectrum (2018)

Kafukufuku wambiri wanena zoyipa zambiri zakugwiritsa ntchito kwa ana pazanema. Zotsatirazi zikuphatikiza kuchepa kwazidziwitso komanso kusakhudzidwa ndi zovuta zakusamala. Ngakhale adalimbikitsidwa kuti mwana asatengeke ndi atolankhani nthawi yakukula, makolo ambiri amakono amagwiritsa ntchito media ngati njira yothetsera ana awo. Chifukwa chake, ana awa alibe mwayi wopanga zokonda zawo pochepetsa kucheza. Zizindikiro za ana awa nthawi zina zimatsanzira autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Komabe, kafukufuku wowerengeka adasanthula zomwe ana amakula ndikamawonetsedwa pazoyambira.

Pano, tikupereka mnyamata yemwe akuwonekera kwa atolankhani pamene anali atangoyamba kumene kukula ndipo adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda osakaniza. Iye sankakhoza kuyang'anitsitsa maso ndipo anali oopsa ndipo anali atachedwa kukula kwa chinenero, monga ana omwe ali ndi ASD. Zizindikiro zake zinapambana kwambiri ataletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zofalitsa zonse ndikulimbikitsidwa kusewera m'njira zina. Pambuyo pa chithandizochi, amatha kuyang'ana maso, ndipo amalankhula za kusewera ndi makolo awo. Kungopewera zosangalatsa ndi kusewera ndi ena kungasinthe khalidwe la mwana yemwe ali ndi zizindikiro za ASD. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda osakaniza ndi mafilimu oyambirira.

Sabata Popanda Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mafilimu Athu: Zotsatira Zowonongeka Kwa Pachilengedwe Phunziro Pogwiritsa ntchito mafoni (2018)

Kafufuzidwe kafukufuku wachitidwa pa momwe timagwiritsira ntchito mafilimu ndi momwe timagwiritsira ntchito mafilimu, koma timadziwika pang'ono ponena za zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu asamaganizire. Choncho, tinapanga phunziro lachilengedwe mofulumira pogwiritsa ntchito mafoni a m'manja. Ophunzira adalangizidwa kuti asagwiritse ntchito masewerawa pa tsiku la 7 (masiku oyambira a 4, masiku a 7 atalowetsamo, ndi masiku a 4 postintervention; N = 152). Tinawonetsa kuti timakhudzidwa (zabwino ndi zoipa), kukhumudwa, ndikulakalaka katatu patsiku (zitsanzo zowerengera nthawi), komanso nthawi zamagwiritsidwe ntchito, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, komanso kupanikizika kwa anthu kuti azitha kukhala nawo pa TV tsiku lomaliza (7,000 + osakayikira).

Tinapeza zizindikiro zowonongeka, monga kukulitsa chilakolako (β = 0.10) ndi kukhumudwa (β = 0.12), komanso kuchepetsa zabwino ndi zoipa zimakhudza (mwachindunji). Kupanikizika kwa anthu kuti azikhala pazinthu zokhudzana ndi chitukuko kunawonjezeka kwambiri panthawi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu osagwirizana (β = 0.19) ndi chiwerengero cha ophunzira (59 peresenti) chinayambiranso kamodzi panthawi yomwe gawo. Sitinapeze zotsatira zowonongeka pamapeto pake. TKuphatikiza pamodzi, kulankhulana kudzera pa intaneti ndikuwonetseratu kuti ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti kukhala opanda pake kumabweretsa zizindikiro za kuchotsa (kulakalaka, kukhumudwa), kubwereranso, ndi kupanikizika kwa anthu kuti abwererenso pa zamagulu.

Powonjezera FOMO: Kulepheretsa Social Media Kuchepetsa Kusungulumwa ndi Kuvutika Maganizo (2018)

Mau oyambirira: Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kafukufuku wogwirizanitsa mafilimu omwe amagwirizanitsa mafilimu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zowonongeka, tikuyesa kufufuza kuti tifufuze zomwe zingathandize kuti anthu azitha kukhala nawo paubwenzi.

Njira: Pambuyo pa sabata yowunika koyambirira, akuluakulu a 143 ku yunivesite ya Pennsylvania anapatsidwa mwayi woletsa Facebook, Instagram ndi Snapchat kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kwa 10 maminiti, patsiku, patsiku, kapena kuti azigwiritsa ntchito masabata atatu.

Results: Gulu logwiritsira ntchito mochepa linasonyeza kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kusungulumwa ndi kuvutika maganizo pamasabata atatu poyerekeza ndi gulu lolamulira. Magulu onse awiriwa amasonyeza kuchepa kwakukulu mu nkhaŵa ndi mantha osowa pazomwe akuyambira, kutanthauza ubwino wowonjezera kudziwunika.

Zokambirana: Zomwe tapeza zimasonyeza kuti kuchepetsa miyoyo ya anthu pafupipafupi ndi ma 30 pamphindi kungapangitse patsogolo kusintha kwakukulu

Nkhani yeniyeni yokhudza phunziro ili.

Kusintha kwachindunji kwachindunji pamakono ochita masewera a pa Intaneti: Kufufuza komwe kungatheke (2018)

Masabata anayi akuchiritsidwa amachititsa kuchepa kwa masewera a kanema, kudziletsa kudziletsa, kuchepetsa kuledzeretsa, komanso kusintha kwa kampani yapamwamba yapamtunda (yomwe imapereka mphamvu, imakhudzidwa ndi zovuta zonse);

Kugwiritsa ntchito masewera a pakompyuta mofulumira kungakhale ndi zotsutsana kwambiri ndi thanzi labwino komanso kugwira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Ngakhale zotsatira za kusintha kwachangu kwachangu (tDCS) zafufuzidwa kuti azitha kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, sizinayesedwe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito masewera apakompyuta ambiri. Phunziroli linapangitsa kufufuza kuti tDCS zikhale zotheka komanso zolekerera pa dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) pa Intaneti.

Osewera pa intaneti a 15 adalandira magawo 12 a tDCS pa DLPFC (anodal kumanzere / cathodal kumanja, 2 mA ya 30 min, katatu pa sabata kwamasabata 3). Asanachitike komanso atatha magawo a TDCS, onse omwe adatenga nawo mbali adachita nawo ¹⁸Mafilimu-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography amatha kukwaniritsa mayendedwe a intaneti (IAT), Brief Self Control Scale (BSCS), ndi Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II).

Pambuyo pa magawo a tDCS, maola ogwiritsidwa ntchito pamasewera ndi IAT ndi BDI-II ambiri adachepetsedwa, pomwe kuchuluka kwa BSCS kudakulitsidwa. Kuchulukitsa pakudziletsa kunalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwazovuta zonse zakumwa ndi nthawi yomwe mumathera pamasewera. Kuphatikiza apo, asymmetry yachilendo-yayikulu-kuposa-yamanzere ya kagayidwe kazigawenga m'magazi mu DLPFC idachepetsedwa pang'ono.

Phunziro Loyamba Kulimbitsa Thupi la Kukula Kwambiri Pogwiritsa Ntchito Masewera a Masewera a Video, Kugonjetsa, ndi Matenda a Maganizo (2018)

Results: Zofufuza mu phunziro 1 zasonyeza kuti kuvutika maganizo ndi kusungulumwa kunagwirizanitsidwa mofanana ndi maseŵera olimbitsa thupi. Chiwawa cha thupi chinadziwika ngati choyimira, ndipo nkhawa inali chifukwa cha masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kufufuzira za mitundu itatu ya ma gamers (kufufuza 2) kunadziwika kukhala wosungulumwa komanso kukhumudwa ngati zotsutsana, ndi kupsinjika maganizo monga zotsatira za zolemba zonse. Kusokonezeka maganizo kunapezeka kuti ndikumbuyo kwa mavuto ndi ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kusungulumwa kunapezedwa chifukwa cha ochita masewera ovuta, ndipo nkhawa idakhala chifukwa cha ochita maseŵera osokoneza bongo. Kumwa kwambiri mowa kunapezeka kuti anthu ambiri amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kuwerengera kokhala kovuta kwa masewero a kanema kunali 35%.

Kutsiliza: Kusagwirizana pakati pa masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi mavuto a matenda a m'maganizo kumaoneka kuti alipo. Kukhazikika kwa kusokonezeka kwa masewero a kanema kumasonyeza vuto lomwe anthu ambiri sangathe kuthetsa mosavuta pazaka za 2.

Kusachedwa kucheza ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti akuchepetsa kuchepetsa nkhawa, makamaka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri (2018)

Mfundo

• Kudziletsa ndi kupsinjika maganizo ndizofunikira kwambiri pakakhala kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zamagetsi.
• Timaphunzira za zotsatira za masiku angapo azinthu zosiyiratu kusokoneza maganizo pazomwe tikuganiza kuti tikuvutika maganizo.
• Tinagwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yoyamba (t1) (t2), vuto (kudziletsa) -kuletsa (popanda kudziletsa).
• Kudziletsa kwa sabata imodzi kumapangitsa kuchepetsa nkhawa.
• Kuchepetsa kupanikizika kunayambika kwambiri mwa ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri.

Malo ochezera a pa intaneti (SNSs), monga Facebook, amapereka othandizira pafupipafupi komanso okopa (monga, "amakonda") omwe amaperekedwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Zotsatira zake, ogwiritsa ntchito ena a SNS amawonetsa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, olakwika pamapulatifomu awa. Ogwiritsa ntchito SNS ochulukirapo, komanso ogwiritsa ntchito chimodzimodzi, nthawi zambiri amadziwa kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kwambiri ndikudalira kwamaganizidwe awo, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa kupsinjika kwakukulu. M'malo mwake, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ma SNS okha kumabweretsa nkhawa.

Kafukufuku wina wayamba kufufuza zotsatira za kufupika kwa nthawi ya SNS, kuwulula zotsatira zopindulitsa pakuchita bwino. Tinagwirizanitsa magawo awiri awa ofufuza ndipo tinafotokoza kuti kwakanthawi kochepa kudziletsa kwa SNS kumapangitsa kuchepetsa kupsinjika komwe kumadziwika, makamaka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Zotsatirazo zidatsimikizira malingaliro athu ndikuwonetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito SNS onse komanso owonjezereka adakumana ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa nkhawa yomwe idatsatiridwa ndi SNS masiku angapo. Zotsatira zake zidatchulidwa kwambiri pa ogwiritsa ntchito SNS ochulukirapo. Kuchepetsa kupsinjika sikunalumikizidwe ndi maphunziro akuwonjezeka. Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kupindula kwakanthawi - kwakanthawi kochepa kwa ma SNS komanso zimapereka chidziwitso chofunikira kwa othandizira omwe akuvutika ndi vuto lalikulu la SNS.

Msonkhano Wapakati Pakati pa Matenda Okhaokha Odzidzidzimutsa Okhaokha Ndiponso Okalamba Kusamala Kusokonezeka Maganizo: Umboni Wochokera ku Chitsanzo cha Achinyamata Achiku Swiss (2018)

Background: Matenda a Gaming (GD) awonetsedwa kuti amapezeka pamodzi ndi kuchepa kwa matenda osokoneza bongo (ADHD), komabe kafukufuku wowerengeka kufikira lero akufufuzira mabungwe awo otha kuyendayenda.

Njira: Chitsanzocho chinaphatikizapo amuna aang'ono a ku Switzerland omwe ali ndi 5,067 (zaka zowonjezereka zinali zaka 20 pamsinkhu wa 1 ndi zaka 25 pa mphepo 3). Zotsatira zinali zovuta zowonongeka kwa masewera komanso akuluakulu a ADHD Self-Report Scale (6-item screener). Mayanjano a kutalika anayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yodalirika yodula mazira a GD ndi ADHD, komanso njira zowonjezereka za GD score ndi ADHD zikukhala zosasamala komanso zowonongeka.

Zokambirana: GD inali ndi mayanjano a kutalika kwa bidirectional ndi ADHD, kuti ADHD inachulukitsa chiopsezo cha GD ndi GD kuonjezera chiopsezo cha ADHD, ndipo akhoza kulimbikitsana. Zogwirizanazi zingakhale zogwirizana kwambiri ndi chida cha ADHD chosayenerera kusiyana ndi chigawo cha ADHD chodetsa nkhawa. Anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD kapena GD ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi matenda ena, ndipo njira zothandizira za GD ziyenera kuyesedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD.

Kuchita zofuna zokhudzana ndi chilakolako chofuna kugwiritsira ntchito lentiform panthawi yosungirako maseŵero kumakhudzana ndi kutuluka kwa matenda a masewera a intaneti (2019)

Comments: Kutenga nthawi yayitali anali 23 ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe adakwaniritsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azisangalala chaka chotsatira. Awa 23 adafanizidwa ndi 23 omwe adasokoneza masewerawa - ndipo amafanana ndi omwe adachita zosokoneza bongo.

Matenda a masewera a intaneti (IGD) akuphatikizapo matenda olakwika. Komabe, zochepa zimadziwika ponena za njira za ubongo kapena zidziwitso zomwe zingaganizire kusintha kuchokera kuntchito yogwiritsira ntchito masewera (RGU) kupita ku IGD. Kudziwa koteroko kungathandize kuzindikira anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo ku IGD ndikuthandizira popewera chitetezo. Anthu zana limodzi ndi makumi anayi ndi anayi omwe ali ndi RGU anayesedwa pamene anali kuchita ntchito yofuna-kufunafuna masewera asanakwane ndipo masewera atatha mwadzidzidzi anatha. Chaka chotsatira, 23 inapezeka kuti inayamba IGD (RGU_IGD). Tinayerekezera deta yapachiyambi kuchokera kuzigawo za 23 RGU_IGD ndi 23 zomwe zikufanana zomwe zikugwirizanabe ndi RGU (RGU_RGU). Otsogolera a RGU_IGD ndi a RGU_RGU akuwonetseratu zofanana ndi ntchito yofuna-yofuna kusanthana kusewera.

Kulumikizana kwakukulu kwakanthawi ndi gulu kunazindikira mgwirizano wapawiri. Kusanthula kwa post hoc kunawonetsa kuyanjana kunali kogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito a RGU_IGD pambuyo pa masewera. Kugwirizana kwakukulu kunkachitika pakati pa zikhumbo zomwe zanenedwa ndikudzidzimutsa m'magulu a RGU_IGD. Pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi RGU, maseŵera a maseŵera otenga masewera amodzi omwe amachititsa masewerawa atatha masewerawa amatha kunena kuti GD ikupita patsogolo. Zomwe anapezazi zikusonyeza kuti njira ya IGD yomwe ingakhalepo ingathandize kuthandizira kupewa chitetezo.

Kuyankha kwa ubongo pa nthawi yopanikizidwa kunganeneratu kuti chidziwitso chidzachitike pa vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti: Kuphunzira kwa nthawi yaitali (2019)

Ngakhale zovuta zamasewera pa intaneti (IGD) zimalumikizidwa ndi njira zoyipa zaumoyo, anthu amatha kuchira popanda kuthandizira akatswiri. Kuwona mawonekedwe azinthu zokhudzana ndi kuchira kwachilengedwe kumatha kupereka malingaliro pazomwe zingalimbikitse thanzi pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi IGD. Nkhani makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi zinayi za IGD zidasinthidwa pomwe zimagwira ntchito zokhumbira kale komanso pambuyo pa masewera zidasokonekera ndikupumula mokakamiza. Patatha chaka chimodzi, anthu 20 sanakumanenso ndi IGD muyezo ndipo adawerengedwa kuti akuchira. Tinayerekezera mayankho a mu ubongo pofunafuna ntchito pakati pa 20 omwe adalanditsa maphunziro a IGD ndi maphunziro 20 ofanana a IGD omwe akukwaniritsa njira imodzi pachaka chimodzi (IGD yokhazikika).

Nkhani zomwe zidawerengedwa za IGD zinawonetsa kuchepa kwa dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) kuposa ma IGD omwe amapitilizabe kusewera pamasewera panthawi yoyamba komanso isanachitike masewera. Kuyanjana kwakukulu kwakanthawi kwa gulu kunapezedwa ku DLPFC ndi insula, ndipo izi zimakhudzana ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa DLPFC ndikukulitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa gulu lolimbikira la IGD panthawi yopuma. Kuchepetsa kwambiri ntchito ya DLPFC ndikuwonjezera zochitika munthawi ya masewera chifukwa chosewera chaposachedwa kungalimbikitse masewera. Zotsatira izi zikuwonetsa kuti kuwongolera koyang'anira ndi kusokoneza makulitsidwe kumawonjezera kuphunzira kumvetsetsa kuchira kwa IGD.

Kusokoneza bongo ndi zochitika za kugonana pakati pa akazi a ku Iran: Ntchito yothetsera ubale ndi kuthandizana ndi anthu (2019)

Ichi ndi phunziro loyamba kufufuza zotsatira za chizoloŵezi chogonana pazochitika za kugonana kwa amai, kuganizira ntchito yothetsera chisamaliro cha chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe muukwati pogwiritsa ntchito phunziro lautali la nthawi yaitali mkati mwa mwezi wa 6.

Phunziro loyembekezereka linkachitidwa kumene onse ophunzira (N = 938; amatanthauza zaka = zaka 36.5) adamaliza Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale kuti awonere zosokoneza bongo, Chowonongera Chachikazi Chazakugonana - Chosinthidwa kuti chiwonetsetse mavuto azakugonana, Unidimensional Relationship Closeness Scale kuti ayese kukondana, ndi Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support kuti awone anazindikira chithandizo chachitukuko.

Kupuma: Zotsatira za kutenga tchuthi ku Facebook ndi Instagram pa ubwino weniweni (2019) 

Phunziro limasonyeza zizindikiro zotsalira pambuyo posiya.

Social Networking Sites (SNS) monga Facebook ndi Instagram zasunthira anthu ambiri pa intaneti, koma zimakhala zosokoneza komanso zimayambitsa chisokonezo. Anthu ambiri amalingalira kutenga "SNS tchuthi." Ife tafufuza zotsatira za tchuthi la sabata limodzi kuchokera pa Facebook ndi Instagram pa moyo wabwino, ndipo ngati izi zingasinthe chifukwa cha osagwira ntchito kapena ogwira ntchito SNS. Ndalama yogwiritsira ntchito inayesedwa molondola, pogwiritsira ntchito mapulogalamu a RescueTime, kuti asokoneze nkhani zodziimira. Chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito chinadziwika pa chisanayambe kuyesedwa, ndipo SNS ogwiritsira ntchito kalembedwe kowonjezera kapena yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri anapatsidwa nambala zofanana ndi zochitika za sabata imodzi SNS tchuthi (n = 40) kapena palibe SNS tchuthi (n = 38).

Kukhala ndi moyo wabwino (kukhutitsidwa ndi moyo, zabwino, ndi zovuta) zidayezedwa kale komanso nthawi yatchuthi. Pakuyesa koyambirira, kugwiritsa ntchito SNS yogwira ntchito kwambiri kunapezeka kuti kukugwirizana ndi kukhutitsidwa ndi moyo ndikukhala ndi zotsatirapo zabwino, pomwe SNS yomwe imangogwiritsa ntchito imangogwirizana ndi kukhutira kwa moyo, koma osakhudza. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, pambuyo poyesedwa, tchuthi la SNS linapangitsa kuchepetsa mphamvu kwa ogwira ntchito yogwira ntchito ndipo sichidawathandize kwambiri ogwiritsa ntchito. Chotsatira ichi ndi chosiyana ndi kuyembekezera kwakukulu, ndipo chikusonyeza kuti SNS ntchito ingakhale yopindulitsa kwa ogwira ntchito ogwira ntchito. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti ogwiritsa ntchito a SNS ayenera kuphunzitsidwa zaubwino wogwiritsa ntchito kale komanso kuti kafukufuku wamtsogolo aganizire za kuthekera kwa chizolowezi cha SNS pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri.

Maubwenzi a Bidirectional a malingaliro amisala ndi chizolowezi cha intaneti mwa ophunzira aku koleji: Kafukufuku woyembekezera (2019)

Kafukufukuyu yemwe akuyembekezeredwa adayang'ana kuthekera kolosera kwa matenda amisala poyambilira kufunsa kuti pakubwera komanso kuchotsedwa kwa chizolowezi cha intaneti panthawi ya kutsatira kwa 1 chaka chotsatira pakati pa ophunzira aku koleji. Kuphatikiza apo, idawunikiranso kuthekera kwakusintha kwa zidziwitso zamaganizidwe amisala pakulankhula kwa intaneti pakuwonana koyambirira panthawi yakutsata kwa 1 pakati pa ophunzira aku koleji.

Ophunzira mazana asanu ophunzira (akazi a 262 ndi amuna a 238) adalembedwa. Upangiri woyambira ndi wotsatira wotsatira unayesa kuchuluka kwa kusuta kwa ma intaneti komanso malingaliro amisala pogwiritsa ntchito Chen Internet Addiction Scale and Syndromeom Checklist-90 Revised, motsatana.

Zotsatirazi zidawonetsa kuti kuzindikira kwakukulu pakati pa anthu ndi zizindikiro za paranoia zitha kuneneratu zochitika zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azichita zolaula pa intaneti pakutsatira kwa chaka cha 1. Ophunzira aku koleji omwe anali ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito intaneti sanasinthe kwambiri pamavuto a psychopathology, pomwe iwo omwe sanali okonda kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti anali ndi kusintha kwakukulu pakukakamiza, kukhudzika pakati, kutsutsana ndi malingaliro komanso malingaliro pakati pa nthawi yomweyo.

Kupumula-State fMRI Kafukufuku wa ADHD ndi Kusokoneza Masewera pa intaneti (2019)

Cholinga: Tinalinga kuti timvetsetse ngati Attention Deficit Hyperacaction Matenda (ADHD) ndi intaneti Masewero matenda (IGD) amagawana magwiridwe anthawi yomweyo a ubongo (FC) pakati pa frontal ndi subcortices.

Njira: Tinkayerekezera kusintha kwa zidziwitso zamankhwala ndi ntchito zaubongo pogwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito a resonance imaging (fMRI) mu 26 odwala omwe ali ndi ADHD koma opanda IGD, odwala 29 omwe ali ndi ADHD ndi IGD, komanso odwala 20 omwe ali ndi IGD koma opanda ADHD.

Results: Njira yolumikizira (FC) kuchokera ku kotekisi kufikira subcortex m'magulu onse awiri idachepa ndi yomwe ili muubwinowu. Chithandizo cha chaka chimodzi cha ADHD ndi zizindikiro za IGD zidakulitsa FC pakati pa cortex ndi subcortex mwa onse omwe atenga nawo mbali pa ADHD ndi onse omwe akuchita nawo IGD zotsogola zabwino poyerekeza ndi onse omwe amatenga nawo mbali pa ADHD komanso onse omwe akuchita nawo IGD omwe ali ndi zotsatira zopanda pake.

Kutsiliza: Odwala omwe ali ndi ADHD ndi IGD adagawana ubongo womwewo wa FC pazoyambira ndi FC kusintha poyankha chithandizo.

Kusintha kochita neural ndikusintha kolumikizika kwa cortical-subcortical komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchira ku vuto la masewera a pa intaneti (2019)

Kuchotsedwa kwa kusintha kwakokhudzana ndi bongo. Zolemba:

Ngakhale kafukufuku adanenanso kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a pa intaneti (IGD) atha kukhala ndi zofooka pakuchita bwino, chikhalidwe cha ubalewo sichidziwika bwino kuti chidziwitsochi chimachokera ku maphunziro apadera.

Anthu omwe ali ndi IGD yogwira (n = 154) ndipo anthuwa sakumananso ndi zofunikira (n = 29) patatha chaka chimodzi adayesedwa motalika pogwiritsa ntchito maginito opanga maginito pakugwira ntchito zolakalaka. Mayankho okhudzidwa ndi ma neural correlates adasiyanitsidwa pakuyamba kuphunzira komanso mchaka cha 1.

Zolakalaka za anthu pamasewera a masewera zatsika kwambiri mchaka cha 1 poyerekeza ndi kuyamba koyambira. Kuchepetsa mayankho muubongo mu anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) ndi nthenda ya lentiform zidawonedwa mchaka cha 1 chokhudzana ndi kuyamba. Malumikizidwe owoneka bwino adawonedwa pakati pa kusintha kwa zochitika zamaubongo mumutu wa lentiform ndikusintha pakukonda kwanu. Kusanthula kwamitundu yayikulu yakuwonetsa kunawonetsa kulumikizana kwa ACC-lentiform mchaka cha 1 chokhudzana ndi kuyamba kuphunzira.

Pambuyo kuchira ku IGD, anthu amawoneka kuti sakonda kwenikweni masewera. Kuchira kumeneku kungaphatikizepo kuwongolera kwakukhudzana ndi ACC pazolimbikitsa zokhudzana ndi lentiform pakuwongolera zolakalaka. Kuchuluka kwa momwe ma cortical control pa subcortical amathandizira amathandizira pa IGD amayenera kuwunikiranso patsogolo.

Dorsal striatal functional connecction changes in Internet masewera asayansi: Kafukufuku wamalingaliro wautali wa maginito (wa 2019)

Matenda a intaneti Masewera osakhazikika pa intaneti atha kubweretsa kusintha pazomwe akuchita komanso ubale pakati pa striatum ndi madera ena omenyera. Kafukufukuyu adafufuza zowunikira komanso zothandiza zomwe zimakhudzana ndi striatum kudzera muzoyesa kuzitsatira zamagetsi zotsalira zamagetsi (MRI). Amuna achichepere 23.8 okhala ndi IGD (amatanthauza zaka: 2.0 ± zaka 18) ndi zowongolera 23.9 (zikutanthauza zaka: 2.7 ± zaka XNUMX) adayesedwa.

Mituyi idakonzedwanso ≥1 patadutsaulendo woyamba (zikutanthauza kutalika kwake: 22.8 ± miyezi 6.7), gwiritsani ntchito voxel-based morphometry and rest-state rest-state functional connection (FC) amasanthula m'magawo ambewu za dorsal ndi ventral striatum. Omwe ali ndi IGD anali ndi buku laling'ono la imvi (GMV) mu cortex ya anterior / yapakati poyerekeza ndi zowongolera pakuwunika koyambirira ndi kutsata. Anawonetsa akuchepetsa FC pakati pa dorsal putamen wamanzere ndikusiya medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) poyerekeza ndi zowongolera. Adawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya FC pakati pa dorsal putamen yoyambira pakati ndi occipital gyrus (MOG) pakutsatira.

Omwe ali ndi IGD adawonetsa kulumikizana kwakukulu pakati pa kusintha kwa dorsal putamen-MOG FC ndi nthawi yamasewera patsiku. Amuna achichepere omwe ali ndi IGD adawonetsa mawonekedwe osinthika a FC mu dorsal striatum pakutsatira. FC ya dorsal striatum ku IGD inakwera mu mPFC ndikuchepera mu MOG. Zotsatira izi zidawonetsa kuti IGD idaphatikizidwa ndi kufooka kwa chiwongolero cham'mbuyo komanso kulimbitsa kwa sensorimotor network, ndikuti kuwonetsa kuti masewera osasamala akhoza kukhala okhudzana ndi kusintha kwamachitidwe mu neors mu dorsal striatum.

Ubale wobwezera pakati pa kukhumudwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa masewera pa intaneti mwa ana: Kutsatiridwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri ya kafukufuku wa iCURE pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya mtanda (12)

Makanema ofufuza pa kafukufukuyu anali ndi ophunzira 366 oyambira masukulu a pulaimale pa iCURE. Onse omwe anali nawo pa intaneti anali ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, chifukwa chake angatengedwe ngati chiwopsezo cha IGD. Kuwonekera podzidziwitsa kwa mawonekedwe a IGD komanso kuchuluka kwa kukhumudwa kunayesedwa ndi Internet Game Use-Elicited Syndromeom Screen ndi ana a Depression Inventory, motsatana. Kufufuza koyambira kunatsirizidwa pambuyo pa miyezi 12. Tidakwaniritsa mawonekedwe okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofikira kuti tidziwe kuyanjana pakati pa zinthu ziwiri panthawi ziwiri panthawi yabwino

Kusanthula kwodutsa pamtanda kwawulula kuti kuchuluka kwa kuvutika pamizere kunaneneratu kuopsa kwazinthu za IGD pakutsatiridwa kwa miyezi 12 (β = 0.15, p = .003). Kukula kwa mawonekedwe a IGD pazoyambira kunaneneratu kwambiri za kukhumudwa pakutsata kwa miyezi 12 (β = 0.11, p = .018), kuwongolera zinthu zomwe zingasokoneze.

Zizindikiro Zodziletsa Pakati pa Ophatikiza Apaintaneti Achimereka a ku America (2020)

Tidasanthula njira zamasewera ndi chizindikiro chodziletsa cha akatswiri opanga masewera olimbitsa thupi a ku America okwanira 144. Zomwe tapeza zinawonetsa kuti intaneti ya Masewera a Masewera a Masewera a Masewera a Masewera a Masewera a Masewera (Masewera a Masewera) ambiri ali ndi mbiri yabwino yochotsera. Zizindikiro khumi zodzipereka kwambiri zinali kulakalaka masewera, kuleza mtima, kugona kwambiri, kudya kwambiri, kusasangalala, kukwiya / kukwiya, kuda nkhawa, kusakhazikika, kuyang'ana kwambiri, ndi kuchuluka maloto. Ndi 27.1% yokha ya osewera omwe sanalole chilichonse chobwerera.

A MANOVA adawonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu mu IGDS ndi kuchuluka kwazizindikiro pakati pa ochita masewera omwe amakonda kusewera okha, ena pamasom'pamaso, ena pa intaneti, kapena ndi ena pamasom'pamaso (pa intaneti ya 8.1%). Makamaka, zambiri za IGDS zinali zapamwamba pakati pa opanga masewera omwe amakonda kusewera ndi ena pa intaneti poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina. Zizindikiro zobwerera sizinasankhe kwambiri pakati pamagulu. Pomaliza, ochita masewera ambiri adawonetsa kuti ngati masewera a intaneti sanapezeke, akhoza kutengeka ndi zochitika zina zomwe zingakhale zosokoneza.

Zotsatira za Kukakamiza: Kafukufuku wautali wazaka zinayi wakugwiritsa ntchito njira yapaintaneti yolimbikitsira komanso kuvuta kwamalamulo (4)

ZOKHUDZA

Zing'onozing'ono sizikudziwika za momwe kukakamiza kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti (CIU) kumakhudzana ndikukula mosiyanasiyana pamalamulo am'maganizo. Kodi achinyamata amachita nawo CIU chifukwa amavutika kuwongolera momwe akumvera (mtundu wa "zotsatira zake"), kodi CIU imayambitsa mavuto amachitidwe okhudzidwa (mtundu wa "wotsutsa"), kapena pali zomwe zimachitika mobwerezabwereza? Tidayesa kulumikizana kwakutali pakati pa CIU ndi magawo a 6 azovuta zamalamulo am'maganizo. Achinyamata (N = 2,809) m'masukulu 17 aku Australia amaliza maphunziro chaka chilichonse kuchokera ku Gawo 8 (M_Age = 13.7) mpaka 11. Masanjidwe oyendetsera mapangidwe adavumbulutsa kuti CIU isanachitike chitukuko cha zina zazokhudza kukhumudwa, monga zovuta kukhazikitsa zolinga ndikudziwikiratu zazomwe mukumva, koma osati ena (chitsanzo choyimira). Sitinapeze umboni kuti zovuta pamalamulo am'mbuyo zimayambira kukhazikitsa kuwonjezeka kwa CIU (chitsanzo chotsatira). Zomwe tapezazi zikuwonetsa kuti kuphunzitsa achinyamata zaunyamata kwambiri pazolankhula zimatha kukhala zosathandiza pochepetsa CIU ngati njira zachindunji zochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Tikukambirana zomwe zikupezeka pazazomwe timapeza pakupanga njira zochepetsera CIU ndikuwunikiranso mavuto pazakafukufuku wamtsogolo.

NKHANI YOPHUNZIRA

Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kogwira mtima kuposa kuphunzitsa luso lazomverera

Kafukufuku watsopano wapeza kusuta kwa intaneti kwa achinyamata kumabweretsa zovuta kuzilamulira. Komabe palibe umboni kuti zovuta zam'mbuyomu zam'mbuyo ndizolosera za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa intaneti.

Zasindikizidwa mu magazini yoonedwa ndi anzanu Chisoni, pepalali ndi kafukufuku woyamba wautali kuti ayang'anire kulumikizana kwa bongo pakati pa achinyamata ndi zovuta pakumvera.

Achinyamata opitilira 2,800 ochokera m'masukulu 17 apamwamba aku Australia adatenga nawo mbali phunziroli. Ophatikizira anali kuyambira zaka 8 mpaka 11 akuphatikizidwa.

Mtsogoleri wolemba kuchokera ku University of Sydney Business School, Dr James Donald, akuti kafukufukuyu anayesa malingaliro awiri omwe amakambirana kwambiri: choyamba, ngati kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kumabweretsa mavuto pakanthawi; ndipo chachiwiri, ngati zovuta zazikhalidwe zimabweretsa izi.

"Makolo ndi sukulu ali ndi udindo waukulu wophunzitsa ana awo za kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti moyenera" adatero Dr James Donald.

"Tawona momwe zimakhalira pakadutsa nthawi yomwe ikusonyeza kuti kusuta kwa intaneti kumabweretsa mavuto azikhalidwe, koma osati zomwe zingachitike," atero Dr Donald kuchokera ku Business School's Chilango cha Ntchito & Maphunziro Amabungwe.

"Ngakhale tili ndi umboni wazambiri komanso malingaliro ambiri pa izi, tikudziwa zochepa momwe kulumikizidwa kwa intaneti kumakhudzira malingaliro a achinyamata ndi malingaliro awo.

"Tinadabwa kupeza zovuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikulimbikitsa intaneti pazinthu ngati kukhazikitsa zolinga ndikumvetsetsa malingaliro athu, kukhala okhazikika pazaka zonse zinayi zomwe taphunzira."

Kuyika nthano ya kukomoka kwa kutengeka ngati cholosera

Phunziroli silinapeze umboni kuti, pakati pa achinyamata, kukhala ndi malingaliro omwe analipo kale kumabweretsa mavuto kuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti.

Chiyambireni mliri wa coronavirus, ophunzira aku sekondale amadalira kwambiri intaneti kuposa kale.

Dr James Donald, Yunivesite ya Sydney Business School

Pothandizana ndi ofufuza ochokera ku Yunivesite ya Katolika ku Australia, gululi lawona kuti kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti mwachangu kumakhala ndi zotsatirapo zowopsa pamalingaliro “olimbikira” monga zovuta kukwaniritsa zolinga za moyo komanso kumvetsetsa momwe munthu akumvera.

"Kafukufuku wathu akuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti mwachangu sikukhudza pang'ono malingaliro osavutikira monga kudzilandira ndi kuzindikira," anatero wolemba wamkulu Pulofesa Joseph Ciarrochi.

"Miyezi 12 yogwiritsa ntchito intaneti mokakamiza imatha kukhala yovulaza monga tidaganizira poyamba. Komabe, ngati khalidweli likupitilira zaka zam'tsogolo, zotsatira zake, ndi kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro kumatha kukhala vuto. ”

Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kungakhale yankho lokhalo

Kafukufukuyu akuwonjezeranso kuti kuphunzitsa achinyamata achinyamata maluso azakhazikitsidwe, mwachitsanzo kudzera pamapulogalamu kusukulu, sikungakhale kothandiza pakumachepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa intaneti monga njira zachindunji ngati kuchepetsa nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti.

"Kuchokera pamene mliri wa coronavirus udayamba, ophunzira aku sekondale amadalira kwambiri intaneti kuposa kale. Intaneti ndi malo ophunzirira komanso kusewera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makolo azilephera kuwunika, ”atero Dr James Donald.

"Ngakhale kuti zingakhale zovuta kuti makolo azitha kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, kafukufuku wathu akuwonetsa kuti makolo ndi sukulu ali ndi gawo lofunikira pophunzitsa ana awo za kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, kuwunika zomwe akuchita pa intaneti, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi tanthauzo komanso akutenga nawo mbali zochitika zapaintaneti zomwe zimapereka ndalama. ”

Zotsatira za Matthew Kuchokera Mukubwezeretsedwa Kuchokera Pazovuta za Smartphone mu Phunziro la Longitudinal la Miyezi 6 ya Ana ndi Achinyamata (2020)

Maphunziro azachipatala ogwiritsira ntchitovuto lavuto lavuto (PSU) ovuta samadziwikabe chifukwa chosowa maphunziro apakatikati. Tidapanganso maphunziro 193 omwe ali ndi mavuto osokoneza bongo a smartphone pazophunzirazi. Pambuyo popereka chilolezo chidziwitso, omaliza adamaliza kufufuza ndikufufuzidwa kwathunthu pazokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito foni yam'manja. Ophunzira makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu zisanu mwa maphunziro 56 omwe adawerengedwa kale adatsatiridwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Tidafanizira zofunikira pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito osokoneza bongo okhazikika ndikuchira ogwiritsira ntchito kumapeto kwa miyezi 193. Ogwiritsa ntchito ovuta a Smartphone adawonetsa kukwera kozama kwakanthawi kochepa kwa smartphone ndipo ankakonda kukhala ndi vuto la thanzi pambuyo pake. Komabe, zoyipa kapena zodandaula zoyambira sizinakhudze kwambiri njira ya PSU. PSU idakhala ngati vuto losokoneza bongo m'malo mochita kusokonezeka kwamisala. Kupewera kuvulaza, kukhudzidwa, kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kwambiri, komanso nthawi yocheza ndi amayi adadziwika kuti sizabwino panjira ya PSU. Moyo wapansi, chisangalalo chochepa, komanso kusakhazikika kwa zolinga zimathandizanso ku PSU wolimbikira, pomwe kuchira kumawonjezera izi komanso kuchuluka kwa kudzidalira. Zotsatira izi zikuwonetsa kuti zotsatira za Matthew zimapezeka pakukonzanso kwa PSU ndikusintha bwino kwa malingaliro ndi malingaliro omwe amachititsa kuti munthu ayambenso kuchita bwino. Zida zazikulu zachipatala zimafunikira kuti anthu achitetezo athe kusintha njira zomwe zikuvutikira padziko lonse lapansi.

Kusintha kwa Neurotransmitters muubwana Wokhala Ndi intaneti komanso Smartphone: Kuyerekeza Ndi Kukhazikika Kwazolamulira ndi Kusintha Pambuyo pa Kuzindikira Kukhazikika kwa Chithandizo (2020)

Mbiri ndi cholinga: Kusintha kwa Neurotransmitter muubwana omwe adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndi foni yamakono akufaniziridwa ndi zowongolera zokhazokha komanso mitu pambuyo pamachitidwe ochita bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, maulumikizano pakati pa ma neurotransmitters ndi othandizira amafufuzidwa.

Zida ndi njira: Achinyamata khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi omwe ali ndi chizolowezi cha intaneti ndi mafoni a 19 komanso azaka za 9 zogonana- komanso zaka zoyenera (kuchuluka kwa amuna / akazi, 10: 15.47; zaka zapakati pa zaka, 3.06 ± 8) anaphatikizidwa. Achinyamata khumi ndi awiri omwe ali ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndi ma smartphone (chiwerengero cha amuna / akazi, 4: 14.99; zaka zapakati, 1.95 ± zaka 9) adatenga nawo masabata XNUMX a chidziwitso chazomwe amachita. Meshcher-Garwood point-resolution spectroscopy idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza milingo ya γ-aminobutyric acid ndi Glx mu anterior cingulate cortex. Miyezo ya γ-aminobutyric acid ndi Glx yomwe ili mgululi idayerekezedwa ndi omwe amawongolera komanso pambuyo pazomwe amachita. Mitundu ya γ-aminobutyric acid ndi Glx yolumikizidwa ndi mamba azachipatala a intaneti komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafoni a m'manja, kutsimikiza, kukhumudwa, nkhawa, kugona, komanso kugona.

Results: Ubongo parenchymal ndi imvi nkhani yosinthidwa mwa kuchuluka kwa γ-aminobutyric acid-to-creatine anali apamwamba pamitu yapa intaneti komanso chizolowezi cha ma smartphone (P = .028 ndi .016). Pambuyo pa mankhwala, ubongo parenchymal- ndi imvi nkhani yosinthidwa mwanjira ya γ-aminobutyric acid-to-creatine inachepa (P = .034 ndi .026). Mlingo wa Glx sunali wofunikira kwambiri pamaphunziro omwe ali ndi intaneti komanso chizolowezi cha smartphone poyerekeza ndi maulamuliro ndi mawonekedwe a posttherapy. Ubongo parenchymal- ndi imvi nkhani yosinthidwa mwa kuchuluka kwa γ-aminobutyric acid-to-creatine yolumikizidwa ndi mamba azachipatala a intaneti ndi ziwonetsero zama smartphone, kukhumudwa, ndi nkhawa. Glx / Cr idalumikizidwa molakwika ndi kusowa tulo komanso mamba abwino a kugona.

Zotsatira: Miyezo yapamwamba ya γ-aminobutyric acid komanso kusokonezeka kwa γ-aminobutyric acid-to-Glx kuphatikiza glutamate mu anterior cingulate cortex kungathandizire kumvetsetsa pathophysiology komanso kuchiza kwa intaneti komanso kugwiritsa ntchito foni yamakono ndi ma smartphone komanso ma comorbidities.

Kuyanjana Kwanthawi Pakati Pakugwiritsa Ntchito Media Media ndi Kukhumudwa (2020)

Kafukufuku wam'mbuyomu adawonetsa mayanjano omwe ali pakati pama media azachuma komanso kukhumudwa, koma mayanjano awo azanthawi yayitali sananenedwe.

Mu 2018, ophunzira azaka zapakati pa 18-30 adalembedwa ntchito molingana ndi mawonekedwe a US Census, kuphatikiza zaka, kugonana, mtundu, maphunziro, ndalama zapakhomo, ndi madera. Ophunzira adadzinenera kuti amagwiritsa ntchito njira zapaintaneti potengera mndandanda wamndandanda 10 wapamwamba kwambiri, womwe umayimira> 95% yogwiritsa ntchito media. Matenda okhumudwa adayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Mafunso a 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire. Chiwerengero cha 9 chofunikira chokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu adayesedwa. Njira zonse zinayesedwa pazoyambira zonse ndikutsatira kwa miyezi 6.

Mwa otenga nawo mbali 990 omwe sanakhumudwe poyambira, 95 (9.6%) adayamba kukhumudwa potsatira. Pazosanthula zomwe zimachitika mu 2020 zomwe zimayang'anira onse ophatikizira ndikuphatikiza zolemera za kafukufuku, panali mgwirizano wofunikira (p<0.001) pakati pazoyambira magwiridwe antchito azama TV ndikukula kwa kukhumudwa pagulu lililonse lazama TV. Poyerekeza ndi omwe ali ndi quartile yotsika kwambiri, omwe akutenga nawo mbali pazaka zoyambira kugwiritsa ntchito media anali atakulitsa kwambiri zovuta zakukhumudwa (AOR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.38, 5.56). Komabe, panalibe mgwirizano pakati pa kupezeka kwa kukhumudwa koyambira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapa media pakutsata (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.78, 1.38). Zotsatira zinali zamphamvu pakuwunika konse kwazidziwitso.

Mwa zitsanzo za achinyamata mdziko lonse, magwiritsidwe ntchito oyambira azama TV anali ogwirizana pawokha ndikukula kwa kukhumudwa potsatira, koma kukhumudwa koyambira sikunalumikizidwe ndi kuwonjezeka kwazomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito potsatira. Mtundu uwu ukuwonetsa kuyanjana kwakanthawi pakati pazogwiritsa ntchito media ndi kukhumudwa, chinthu chofunikira pazomwe zimachitika.

Makhalidwe azama media 'detoxification' mwa ophunzira aku yunivesite (2021)

Kuchulukitsa kwa malo ochezera a pa intaneti kwadzetsa kuchuluka kwazomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito pakati pa achinyamata. Ngakhale kuyanjana ndi thanzi lam'mutu kumatsutsanabe, magwiridwe antchito atolankhani adalumikizidwa ndimakhalidwe ovuta, kudzidalira komanso zipsinjo. 'Social Media Detoxification' (Detox) ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza zoyesayesa zodzifunira zochepetsera kapena kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapa media pofuna kukonza moyo wabwino. Tidachita kafukufuku woyendetsa ndege kuti tiwone momwe zochotsera zapa media media zimagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi ophunzira aku 68 aku yunivesite pantchito zawo zapa media. Kusanthula kofotokozera kunawonetsa kuti ophunzira ambiri amafotokoza kusintha kwamachitidwe, amachepetsa nkhawa komanso kugona mokwanira nthawi yayitali komanso posachedwa. Zotsatira zoyambirirazi zikuwonetsa kuti 'media media detoxification' ndichinthu chomwe amamvetsetsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito ophunzira aku yunivesite kuti azigwiritsa ntchito njira zapa media. Kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu pakugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndi zotsatira zake kumadziwika muchitsanzo chathu.