YBOP COMMENTS: Kodi cholinga cha izi Taylor Kohut kuphunzira ku (kuyesa) kutsutsana ndi pa maphunziro a 80 omwe amasonyeza ntchito zolaula ali ndi zotsatira zoipa pa maubwenzi? Njira ziwiri zoyambirira zopangira (njira)?
1) Phunziro silinakhale ndi chitsanzo choimira. Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku ambiri amasonyeza kuti ang'onoang'ono a akazi omwe ali pachibwenzi nthawi yayitali amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, mu phunziro ili 95% ya amayiwa ankagwiritsa ntchito zolaula pawokha. ndipo 83% ya amayi adagwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuyambira pachiyambi cha ubale (nthawi zina kwa zaka). Mapiri amenewo ndi apamwamba kuposa amuna akuluakulu a koleji! Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ochita kafukufuku akuwoneka kuti ataya chitsanzo chawo kuti apange zotsatira zomwe anali kufuna.
Zenizeni? Datha kuchokera yaikulu woimira dziko lonse Kafukufuku wa US (General Social Survey) adafotokoza kuti Only 2.6% ya akazi okwatirana adayendera "webusaiti yolaula" mwezi watha. Deta kuchokera ku 2000 - 2004 (kwa zambiri mukuona Zithunzi Zolaula ndi Ukwati, 2014). Ngakhale mitengo iyi ingawoneke ngati yotsika, kumbukirani kuti: (1) ndi akazi okwatiwa okha, (2) akuimira mibadwo yonse, (3) ndi "kamodzi pamwezi kapena kupitilira apo" (kafukufuku wambiri amafunsa kuti "adachezapo zolaula "Kapena" adayendera zolaula mu chaka chatha ").
2) Phunziro silinagwirizanitse ntchito zolaula ndi kugonana kulikonse kapena kugonana komweko. M'malo mwake, a maphunziro omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito "mafunso otseguka" kumene nkhaniyo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ponena za zolaula (zinali zoyenerera osati zowerengeka). Kenako ochita kafukufukuwo adawerenga mayendedwewo ndipo adaganiza, pambuyo pake, ndi mayankho ati omwe anali "ofunikira," ndi momwe angawaperekere (kupota?) M'mapepala awo. Kenaka ochita kafukufukuwo anali ndi ndulu kuti afotokozere kuti maphunziro ena onse pa zolaula ndi maubwenzi, omwe adagwiritsa ntchito njira zokhazikika, zasayansi komanso mafunso osapita m'mbali pazokhudza zolaula anali zolakwika. Kodi izi ndi sayansi? Wolemba woyambitsa webusaiti ndipo lake yesetsani kusonkhanitsa ndalama kwezani mafunso angapo, monga momwe amachitira phunziro lake la 2016 komwe Kohut adanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumakhudzana ndi grater egalitarianism & sexism (kupeza kowerengedwa ndi pafupifupi pafupifupi maphunziro ena onse omwe adafalitsidwapo).
LIPOTI: Kafukufuku wa 2021 "chifukwa china chofunsira umboni wazogulitsa ngati umboni wotsimikizika wazabwino pazakugonana [kulozera ku kafukufuku wa Kohut wotsutsidwa patsamba lino la YBOP]. ”Onani Zithunzi Zolaula ndi Kusakhutira Pazakugonana: Udindo Wakuwonetsa Zolaula, Kuyerekeza Kwapamwamba Zolaula, komanso Kukonda Kugonana Kwamaliseche (2021)).
Monga momwe kuphunzira kwa 2021 kumatikumbutsira, pa maphunziro a 80 adagwirizanitsa zolaula ndi zovuta zokhuza kugonana ndi chiyanjano. (Mndandanda wa maphunziro 1, 2, 3 ndi meta-analysis, # 4 anali ndi ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula akuyesera kusiya zolaula kwa masabata a 3, ndipo maphunziro a 5 mpaka 11 amatenga nthawi yayitali). Monga momwe tikudziwira onse Kafukufuku wokhudza amuna adanena za kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula zogwirizana osauka kugonana kapena kukondana. Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wowerengeka wagwirizana kwambiri ndi zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa akazi kuti azikhutira kwambiri kugonana, maphunziro ambiri sali (onani mndandanda uwu: Maphunziro a zochitika zokhudzana ndi akazi: Zopweteka pa kukwatira, kukondweretsa kugonana, ndi maubwenzi).
Zambiri za phunziroli. Panali anthu 430 omwe adapereka mayankho onse a 3963 pamafunso otseguka a 42 okhudzana ndi zovuta zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito paubwenzi wawo. Ofufuzawa adapeza "mitu" 66, pamutu uliwonse womwe udayimilidwa pakati pa mayankho a 621 ndi 5. Ngakhale panali zolakwika izi komanso zoyipa zomwe ena mwa iwo adachita, ofufuzawo adanena kuti zolaula zinali zabwino kwambiri.
Zowonjezera zochepa kuchokera pa phunzirolo zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti mabanja ena anafotokoza zotsatira zoipa zochokera ku zolaula:
- Porn Imapambanso Wokondedwa: Mayankho a 90 ankaganiza kuti zolaula zimachokera kapena zinkakangana ndi aphatikizi kugonana. Mayankho ena anafotokoza mwachidule kuti zolaula n'zosavuta, zosangalatsa, zokondweretsa, zofunikira, kapena zokondweretsa kuposa kugonana ndi mnzanu. Mwinanso, anthu ena ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amasonyeza kuti anzawo amatha kukangana ndi zolaula
- Kuchepetsa Kuyankha kwa Arousal: Mayankho a 71 analongosola momwe zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito kudziletsa, zimachepetsa kukwanitsa kukwaniritsa kapena kusunga chiwerewere, kapena kukwaniritsa zolaula. Taonani monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa zowonongeka zenizeni kuchokera ku zokhuza kugonana kotero zimakhalapo ndi kuchepetsa chidwi cha kugonana
- Kugonana kwaumunthu (subtheme): 17 a Mayankho a 71 zomwe mwachindunji zinalongosola zachisokonezo monga momwe zotsatira za zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito. Kawirikawiri nkhaniyo ndi yosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kufotokozera tanthauzo lalikulu kuchokera kumbali yoyandikana nayo. M'madera ena izo zimagwirizanitsidwa momveka bwino ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi kugonana
- Chizolowezi: Mayankho a 60 Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ntchito, '' reliance '' kapena kudalira zolaula, zolaula zimakhala zovuta, kapena kukhala wodziteteza kugonana. Kudalirika ndi kudalira nthawi kumaphatikizapo kugwirizana kwachinsinsi ndi kuchepa kugonana ndi kuukitsa komanso kukhumudwitsa, ngakhale mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri muzokambirana za mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
- Kutaya Chibwenzi Kapena Chikondi: Mayankho a 42 kukhudzidwa ndi imfa ya chibwenzi kapena chikondi. Panali zosiyana zosiyanasiyana mu mayankho awa. Ena amasonyeza kuti zolaula zimapangitsa kugonana kukhala kosangalatsa komanso osachepera chikondi kapena kukondana, pamene ena amati wokondedwa wawo sakonda zolaula zawo, zomwe zimapangitsa mtunda kukhala pachibwenzi. Ndemanga zingapo zimasonyeza kuti kusuntha kumagwirizana ndi kusiyana pakati pa zolaula zolaula-khalidwe louziridwa ndi khalidwe lenileni la kugonana ndi wokondedwa. Pomaliza, otsogolera mmodzi adanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumachititsa mantha kuyanjana
- Kusamakhulupirira: Mayankho a 29 analongosola momwe zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito kusakhulupirika kapena kudalitsidwa kowonongeka
- Kulimbikitsa Zochitika Zokhudza Kugonana ndi Kugonana: Mayankho a 28 anali okhudzidwa ndi zolaula zowonjezera kugonana, zopereka kwa amuna kulamulira kapena kuwononga akazi, kapena kulimbikitsa kukakamiza kugonana
- Ubale Woonongeka: Mayankho a 28 analongosola momwe zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito zovulaza kapena zimayika mavuto pa ubale, maukwati ndi moyo wa kugonana. Panali zokambirana za momwe anthu amafuna kugonana kosachepera ndi mnzanu chifukwa mnzakeyo akugwiritsa ntchito zolaula
- Kusokonezeka kwa Ubale: Mayankho a 23 kuphatikizapo momwe zolaula zimagwirira ntchito kapena zingapangitse ubale kusokonezeka. Zifukwa zomwe zimaperekedwa chifukwa cha zotsatirazi zinali zosiyana: zolaula zimapangitsa kuti munthu asakhulupirire kapena akuona kuti n'zosatheka kuti munthu asakhulupirire, zolaula zimagwiritsa ntchito zolaula zimakhudza khalidwe la kugonana, kapena kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kumataya chidwi chogonana ndi wokondedwayo
- Chisangalalo Chochepa cha Kugonana Kwathu: Mayankho a 17 analimbikitsa kuti zolaula zimapangitsa kugonana kwenikweni kukhala kosautsa, kozoloŵera, kosakhalitsa, kapena zochepa zosangalatsa. Zina mwa mayankhowo zinalongosola kutayika kwa chibwenzi, kapena chida chachikondi chogonana palimodzi
- Zochepa Zokhutira ndi Wothandizira: Mayankho a 17 anawonetsa kuti zolaula zimachepetsa chidwi, kapena kukhutira, kapena kukhumba, kapena kukopeka ndi wokondedwa. Amagulu amamverera ngati akutsutsana ndi zolaula kapena nyenyezi zolaula
Sinthani 2018: Msonkhano uwu wa 2018 Gary Wilson akuwonetsa choonadi cha maphunziro a 5 okayikitsa komanso osocheretsa kuphatikizapo phunziro ili (Kohut et al., 2017): Kafukufuku Wosaka: Zoona Kapena Zopeka?
Zosintha zowopsa 2019: Olemba Taylor Kohut, a Lorne Campbell & William Fisher adatsimikiza zakusokonekera kwawo pomwe onse adalumikizana ndi anzawo Chithunzi cha Nicole ndi David Ley poyesera kuti chete YourBrainOnPorn.com. Akatswiri a Perry ndi akatswiri ena a pro-porn ku www.realyourbrainonporn.com alowa kuphwanya malamulo kosamaloledwa ndi kuphwanya malamulo. Wowerenga ayenera kudziwa izi RealYBOP twitter (ndi kuvomerezedwa kowoneka ndi akatswiri ake) akutenga nawo gawo pakuyipitsa ndi kuvutitsa a Gary Wilson, Alexander Rhodes, Gabe Deem ndi NCOSE, Laila Mickelwait, Gail Dinesndipo aliyense amene amalankhula zolaula za porn. Kuphatikiza apo, David Ley ndi akatswiri ena awiri a "RealYBOP" tsopano kulipidwa ndi makampani ojambula zolaula chimphona chachikulu cha xHamster kulimbikitsa mawebusayiti ake (ie StripChat) ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso zolaula ndizabodza! Prause (amene imayendetsa RealYBOP twitter) zikuwoneka kuti osangalatsa kwambiri ndi makampani oonera zolaula, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito RealYBOP twitter kuti zolimbikitsa makanema azolaula, kuteteza PornHub (yomwe idasunga makanema ogulitsa ana zolaula komanso kugonana), ndi khalani nawo omwe akulimbikitsa pempholi kuti agwire PornHub imakhala ndi mlandu.
Chidutswa Chogonana Behav. 2017 Feb;46(2):585-602.
Kohut T1, Fisher WA2,3, Campbell L2.
Kudalirika
Kafukufuku wapano adalandira njira yotenga nawo mbali yodziwika bwino, "pansi-up," njira zodziwira zomwe zolaula zimakhudza ubale wawo. Zitsanzo zazikulu (N = 430) za amuna ndi akazi muubwenzi wogonana momwe zolaula zimagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi mnzake m'modzi adatumizidwa kudzera pa intaneti (mwachitsanzo, Facebook, Twitter, ndi zina) komanso osalumikizidwa (mwachitsanzo, nyuzipepala, wailesi, ndi zina zambiri. ) magwero. Ophunzirawo adayankha mafunso omasuka okhudzana ndi zotsatira zakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa aliyense m'banjamo komanso ubale wawo potengera kafukufuku wapaintaneti. Pazitsanzo zam'mbuyomu za omwe anafunsidwa, "palibe zoyipa" ndizomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zolaula. Mwa mayankho otsala, zotsatira zabwino zakuwona zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mamembala awiri ndi ubale wawo (mwachitsanzo, kulumikizana kwabwino pakugonana, kuyeserera kogonana, chilimbikitso chogonana) adanenedwa pafupipafupi; zoyipa zomwe zimawonedwa zolaula (mwachitsanzo, ziyembekezo zosatheka, kuchepa kwachiwerewere mwa okondedwa, kuwonjezeka kwachitetezo) adanenedwanso, ngakhale pafupipafupi. Zotsatira za ntchitoyi zikuwonetsa njira zatsopano zofufuzira zomwe zimafunikira chidwi kwambiri.
ZIZINDIKIRO: Zithunzi zolaula; Ubale wa ubale; Kukhutirana kwa ubale; Ubale; Zokhutiritsa kugonana; Zogonana zogonana
PMID: 27393037