NDEMANGA ZA YBOP: Kodi cholinga cha kafukufuku wa Taylor Kohut uyu ndi (kuyesa) kutsutsa maphunziro opitilira 80 omwe akuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumakhudza maubwenzi ? Zolakwika ziwiri zazikulu za kafukufukuyu (njira?) ndi izi:
1) Kafukufukuyu sanaphatikizepo chitsanzo choyimira. Pomwe kafukufuku wambiri akuwonetsa kuti akazi ochepa omwe ali pachibwenzi cha nthawi yayitali amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, mu kafukufukuyu 95% ya akazi adagwiritsa ntchito zolaula okha . Ndipo 83% ya akazi adagwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuyambira pachiyambi cha chibwenzi (nthawi zina kwa zaka zambiri) . Ziwerengero zimenezo ndi zapamwamba kuposa za amuna azaka za koleji! Mwanjira ina, ofufuzawo akuwoneka kuti asintha chitsanzo chawo kuti apange zotsatira zomwe amafuna.
Zoona zake n'zakuti? Deta yochokera ku kafukufuku wamkulu kwambiri wa dziko lonse wa ku US (General Social Survey) inanena kuti akazi okwatiwa okha ndi 2.6% omwe adapita ku "webusayiti ya zolaula" mwezi watha. Deta yochokera ku 2000 - 2004 (kuti mudziwe zambiri onani Zithunzi Zolaula ndi Ukwati , 2014 ). Ngakhale kuti ziwerengerozi zingawoneke zochepa, kumbukirani kuti: (1) ndi akazi okwatiwa okha, (2) amaimira magulu onse azaka, (3) ndi "kamodzi pamwezi kapena kuposerapo" (kafukufuku ambiri amafunsa kuti "ndapitako patsamba la zolaula" kapena "ndapitako patsamba la zolaula chaka chatha").
2) Kafukufukuyu sanagwirizanitse kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi kusintha kulikonse koyesa kukhutitsidwa ndi kugonana kapena ubale. M'malo mwake, kafukufukuyu adagwiritsa ntchito mafunso "otseguka" pomwe mutuwo ungalankhule zambiri za zolaula (zinali zolondola osati zochulukirapo). Kenako ofufuzawo adawerenga zomwe zidalembedwa ndipo, pambuyo pake, adaganiza kuti ndi mayankho ati omwe anali "ofunikira," komanso momwe angawafotokozere (kuzungulira?) mu pepala lawo. Kenako ofufuzawo adaganiza kuti maphunziro ena onse okhudza zolaula ndi maubwenzi, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira zodziwika bwino zasayansi komanso mafunso osavuta okhudza zotsatira za zolaula anali olakwika . Kodi iyi ndi sayansi yeniyeni? Webusaiti ya wolemba wamkulu ndi kuyesa kwake kusonkhetsa ndalama kumadzutsa mafunso angapo, monga momwe kafukufuku wake wa 2016 amachitira pomwe Kohut adati kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumagwirizana ndi kufanana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi komanso kusala amuna kapena akazi okhaokha (zomwe zapezeka ndi kafukufuku wina aliyense yemwe adasindikizidwapo ).
ZOSINTHA: Kafukufuku wa 2021 wapereka " chifukwa china chokayikira umboni wa zinthu zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amalemba ngati umboni weniweni wa zotsatira zabwino za zolaula [akunena za kafukufuku wa Kohut wotsutsidwa patsamba lino la YBOP] ." Onani Zithunzi Zolaula ndi Kusakhutira Pakugonana: Udindo wa Chilakolako cha Zolaula, Kuyerekeza Zolaula Pamwamba, ndi Kukonda Kuseweretsa Zolaula (2021 ).
Monga momwe kafukufuku wa 2021 umatikumbutsira, maphunziro opitilira 80 agwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi kusakhutira kwa kugonana komanso ubale . (Mu mndandanda wa maphunziro 1, 2, 3 ndi meta-analyses, kafukufuku #4 anali ndi ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula anayesa kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa milungu itatu, ndipo maphunziro 5 mpaka 11 ndi a nthawi yayitali). Monga momwe tikudziwira, maphunziro onse okhudzana ndi amuna anena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumalumikizidwa ndi kusakhutira kwa kugonana kapena ubale. Ngakhale maphunziro ochepa agwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri mwa akazi ndi kukhutira pang'ono kwa kugonana, maphunziro ambiri sanatero (onani mndandanda uwu: Maphunziro okhudzana ndi zolaula okhudzana ndi akazi: Zotsatira zoyipa pa chilakolako cha kugonana, kukhutira kwa kugonana, ndi maubwenzi ).
Zambiri za phunziroli. Panali anthu 430 omwe adapereka mayankho onse a 3963 pamafunso otseguka a 42 okhudzana ndi zovuta zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito paubwenzi wawo. Ofufuzawa adapeza "mitu" 66, pamutu uliwonse womwe udayimilidwa pakati pa mayankho a 621 ndi 5. Ngakhale panali zolakwika izi komanso zoyipa zomwe ena mwa iwo adachita, ofufuzawo adanena kuti zolaula zinali zabwino kwambiri.
Zowonjezera zochepa kuchokera pa phunzirolo zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti mabanja ena anafotokoza zotsatira zoipa zochokera ku zolaula:
- Porn Imapambanso Wokondedwa: Mayankho a 90 ankaganiza kuti zolaula zimachokera kapena zinkakangana ndi aphatikizi kugonana. Mayankho ena anafotokoza mwachidule kuti zolaula n'zosavuta, zosangalatsa, zokondweretsa, zofunikira, kapena zokondweretsa kuposa kugonana ndi mnzanu. Mwinanso, anthu ena ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amasonyeza kuti anzawo amatha kukangana ndi zolaula
- Kuchepetsa Kuyankha kwa Arousal: Mayankho a 71 analongosola momwe zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito kudziletsa, zimachepetsa kukwanitsa kukwaniritsa kapena kusunga chiwerewere, kapena kukwaniritsa zolaula. Taonani monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa zowonongeka zenizeni kuchokera ku zokhuza kugonana kotero zimakhalapo ndi kuchepetsa chidwi cha kugonana
- Kugonana kwaumunthu (subtheme): 17 a Mayankho a 71 zomwe mwachindunji zinalongosola zachisokonezo monga momwe zotsatira za zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito. Kawirikawiri nkhaniyo ndi yosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kufotokozera tanthauzo lalikulu kuchokera kumbali yoyandikana nayo. M'madera ena izo zimagwirizanitsidwa momveka bwino ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi kugonana
- Chizolowezi: Mayankho a 60 Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ntchito, '' reliance '' kapena kudalira zolaula, zolaula zimakhala zovuta, kapena kukhala wodziteteza kugonana. Kudalirika ndi kudalira nthawi kumaphatikizapo kugwirizana kwachinsinsi ndi kuchepa kugonana ndi kuukitsa komanso kukhumudwitsa, ngakhale mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri muzokambirana za mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
- Kutaya Chibwenzi Kapena Chikondi: Mayankho a 42 kukhudzidwa ndi imfa ya chibwenzi kapena chikondi. Panali zosiyana zosiyanasiyana mu mayankho awa. Ena amasonyeza kuti zolaula zimapangitsa kugonana kukhala kosangalatsa komanso osachepera chikondi kapena kukondana, pamene ena amati wokondedwa wawo sakonda zolaula zawo, zomwe zimapangitsa mtunda kukhala pachibwenzi. Ndemanga zingapo zimasonyeza kuti kusuntha kumagwirizana ndi kusiyana pakati pa zolaula zolaula-khalidwe louziridwa ndi khalidwe lenileni la kugonana ndi wokondedwa. Pomaliza, otsogolera mmodzi adanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumachititsa mantha kuyanjana
- Kusamakhulupirira: Mayankho a 29 analongosola momwe zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito kusakhulupirika kapena kudalitsidwa kowonongeka
- Kulimbikitsa Zochitika Zokhudza Kugonana ndi Kugonana: Mayankho a 28 anali okhudzidwa ndi zolaula zowonjezera kugonana, zopereka kwa amuna kulamulira kapena kuwononga akazi, kapena kulimbikitsa kukakamiza kugonana
- Ubale Woonongeka: Mayankho a 28 analongosola momwe zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito zovulaza kapena zimayika mavuto pa ubale, maukwati ndi moyo wa kugonana. Panali zokambirana za momwe anthu amafuna kugonana kosachepera ndi mnzanu chifukwa mnzakeyo akugwiritsa ntchito zolaula
- Kusokonezeka kwa Ubale: Mayankho a 23 kuphatikizapo momwe zolaula zimagwirira ntchito kapena zingapangitse ubale kusokonezeka. Zifukwa zomwe zimaperekedwa chifukwa cha zotsatirazi zinali zosiyana: zolaula zimapangitsa kuti munthu asakhulupirire kapena akuona kuti n'zosatheka kuti munthu asakhulupirire, zolaula zimagwiritsa ntchito zolaula zimakhudza khalidwe la kugonana, kapena kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kumataya chidwi chogonana ndi wokondedwayo
- Chisangalalo Chochepa cha Kugonana Kwathu: Mayankho a 17 analimbikitsa kuti zolaula zimapangitsa kugonana kwenikweni kukhala kosautsa, kozoloŵera, kosakhalitsa, kapena zochepa zosangalatsa. Zina mwa mayankhowo zinalongosola kutayika kwa chibwenzi, kapena chida chachikondi chogonana palimodzi
- Zochepa Zokhutira ndi Wothandizira: Mayankho a 17 anawonetsa kuti zolaula zimachepetsa chidwi, kapena kukhutira, kapena kukhumba, kapena kukopeka ndi wokondedwa. Amagulu amamverera ngati akutsutsana ndi zolaula kapena nyenyezi zolaula
Zosintha 2018: Mu nkhani iyi ya 2018 Gary Wilson akuwulula chowonadi cha maphunziro 5 okayikitsa komanso osokeretsa, kuphatikiza kafukufukuyu ( Kohut et al., 2017): Kafukufuku wa Zolaula: Zoona Kapena Nkhani Yongopeka?
Zosintha zowopsa 2019: Olemba Taylor Kohut, a Lorne Campbell & William Fisher adatsimikiza zakusokonekera kwawo pomwe onse adalumikizana ndi anzawo Chithunzi cha Nicole ndi David Ley poyesera kuti chete YourBrainOnPorn.com. Akatswiri a Perry ndi akatswiri ena a pro-porn ku www.realyourbrainonporn.com alowa kuphwanya malamulo kosamaloledwa ndi kuphwanya malamulo. Wowerenga ayenera kudziwa izi RealYBOP twitter (ndi kuvomerezedwa kowoneka ndi akatswiri ake) akutenga nawo gawo pakuyipitsa ndi kuvutitsa a Gary Wilson, Alexander Rhodes, Gabe Deem ndi NCOSE, Laila Mickelwait, Gail Dinesndipo aliyense amene amalankhula zolaula za porn. Kuphatikiza apo, David Ley ndi akatswiri ena awiri a "RealYBOP" tsopano kulipidwa ndi makampani ojambula zolaula chimphona chachikulu cha xHamster kulimbikitsa mawebusayiti ake (ie StripChat) ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula komanso zolaula ndizabodza! Prause (amene imayendetsa RealYBOP twitter) zikuwoneka kuti osangalatsa kwambiri ndi makampani oonera zolaula, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito RealYBOP twitter kuti zolimbikitsa makanema azolaula, kuteteza PornHub (yomwe idasunga makanema ogulitsa ana zolaula komanso kugonana), ndi khalani nawo omwe akulimbikitsa pempholi kuti agwire PornHub imakhala ndi mlandu.
Chidutswa Chogonana Behav. 2017 Feb;46(2):585-602.
Kohut T 1 , Fisher WA 2 , 3 , Campbell L 2.
Kudalirika
Kafukufuku wapano adalandira njira yotenga nawo mbali yodziwika bwino, "pansi-up," njira zodziwira zomwe zolaula zimakhudza ubale wawo. Zitsanzo zazikulu (N = 430) za amuna ndi akazi muubwenzi wogonana momwe zolaula zimagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi mnzake m'modzi adatumizidwa kudzera pa intaneti (mwachitsanzo, Facebook, Twitter, ndi zina) komanso osalumikizidwa (mwachitsanzo, nyuzipepala, wailesi, ndi zina zambiri. ) magwero. Ophunzirawo adayankha mafunso omasuka okhudzana ndi zotsatira zakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa aliyense m'banjamo komanso ubale wawo potengera kafukufuku wapaintaneti. Pazitsanzo zam'mbuyomu za omwe anafunsidwa, "palibe zoyipa" ndizomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zolaula. Mwa mayankho otsala, zotsatira zabwino zakuwona zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mamembala awiri ndi ubale wawo (mwachitsanzo, kulumikizana kwabwino pakugonana, kuyeserera kogonana, chilimbikitso chogonana) adanenedwa pafupipafupi; zoyipa zomwe zimawonedwa zolaula (mwachitsanzo, ziyembekezo zosatheka, kuchepa kwachiwerewere mwa okondedwa, kuwonjezeka kwachitetezo) adanenedwanso, ngakhale pafupipafupi. Zotsatira za ntchitoyi zikuwonetsa njira zatsopano zofufuzira zomwe zimafunikira chidwi kwambiri.
ZIZINDIKIRO: Zithunzi zolaula; Ubale wa ubale; Kukhutirana kwa ubale; Ubale; Zokhutiritsa kugonana; Zogonana zogonana
PMID: 27393037