Anthu omwe amatsutsa za chizolowezi chogonana kapena chizolowezi chogonana nthawi zambiri amanena kuti anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chogonana kapena chizolowezi chogonana alibe chizolowezi, amangokhala ndi chilakolako chachikulu chogonana. David Ley (wolemba buku lakuti The Myth of Sex Addiction ), ndi m'modzi mwa anthu omwe amatsutsa kwambiri chizolowezi chogonana, ndipo nthawi zambiri amanena kuti "chilakolako chachikulu chogonana" chimafotokoza za chizolowezi chogonana. (Zosintha: David Ley tsopano akulipidwa ndi kampani yayikulu yogulitsa zolaula ya xHamster kuti akweze mawebusayiti ake ndikutsimikizira ogwiritsa ntchito kuti chizolowezi chogonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana ndi nthano )
Background
Zaka zingapo zapitazo, David Ley ndi wolankhulira kafukufukuyu Nicole Prause adagwirizana kuti alembe positi ya blog ya Psychology Today yokhudza Steele et al ., 2013 yotchedwa " Ubongo Wanu pa Zolaula - Si Woledzera " . Positi ya blogyi idawonekera miyezi 5 kafukufuku wa Prause wa EEG asanasindikizidwe mwalamulo. Mutu wake wokopa kwambiri ndi wosocheretsa chifukwa sukugwirizana ndi Ubongo Wanu pa Zolaula kapena sayansi ya ubongo yomwe yaperekedwa pamenepo. M'malo mwake, positi ya blog ya David Ley ya March, 2013 imadziletsa yokha pa kafukufuku umodzi wolakwika wa EEG - Steele et al ., 2013.
Mosiyana ndi zomwe Ley ndi wolemba kafukufukuyu Nicole Prause adanena, Steele et al. , 2013 adanenanso kuti zolaula zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana ndi mnzanu (koma osati chilakolako chochepa chodziseweretsa maliseche). Kunena kwina - anthu omwe ali ndi ubongo wambiri komanso zilakolako zolaula amakonda kudziseweretsa maliseche m'malo mogonana ndi munthu weniweni (Mu chiwonetserochi cha 2018 Gary Wilson akuwonetsa chowonadi cha maphunziro 5 okayikitsa komanso osokeretsa, kuphatikiza maphunziro awiri a Nicole Prause EEG (Steele et al., 2013 ndi Prause et al., 2015): Kafukufuku wa Zolaula: Zoona Kapena Zongopeka?)
Kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro zolaula komanso chilakolako chochepa chogonana ndi okondedwa enieni zikugwirizana ndi kafukufuku wa ubongo wa 2014 Cambridge University wokhudza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula. Zomwe Steele et al ., 2013 adapeza sizikugwirizana ndi mitu yongopeka, mafunso a Prause kapena zomwe Ley adalemba pa blog. Mapepala asanu ndi atatu otsatira omwe adawunikidwa ndi anzawo akuti zomwe Steele et al . adapeza zimathandizadi chitsanzo cha chizolowezi chogonana (mosiyana ndi lingaliro la "chilakolako chachikulu chogonana"): Ndemanga zowunikidwa ndi anzawo za Steele et al. , 2013. Onaninso ndemanga yayikulu iyi , yomwe ikuwonetsa zomwe sizikugwirizana zomwe zaperekedwa m'manyuzipepala ndi zolakwika za kafukufukuyu.
Mu 2015, Nicole Prause adasindikiza kafukufuku wachiwiri wa EEG ( Prause et al ., 2015 ), womwe udapeza mayankho OCHEPA a mitsempha (okhala ndi zithunzi zosawoneka) kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi poyerekeza ndi zowongolera. Uwu ndi umboni wa chilakolako chogonana chocheperako mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mokakamiza. Mwachidule, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zonse adatopa ndi zithunzi zosasinthika za zolaula za ho-hum (zomwe zapezeka zikufanana ndi Kuhn & Gallinat., 2014 ). Zomwe zapezekazi zikugwirizana ndi kulekerera, chizindikiro cha chizolowezi.
Kuleza mtima kumatanthauzidwa ngati kuchepa kwa yankho la munthu ku mankhwala kapena chilimbikitso chomwe chimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Mapepala asanu ndi anayi owunikidwa ndi anzawo amavomereza kuti kafukufukuyu adapezadi kuti anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la chizolowezi (logwirizana ndi chizolowezi): Ndemanga 9 zowunikidwa ndi anzawo za Prause et al ., 2015. Zotsatira za kafukufuku wachiwiri wa Prause wa EEG zikuwonetsa kuti chilakolako chochepa cha kugonana - osati chilakolako chachikulu. Ndipotu, Nicole Prause adati mu positi ya Quora (yoyambirira idachotsedwa mu Januwale 2024) sakunenanso za lingaliro la "kukonda kwambiri kugonana ngati chizolowezi chogonana":
"Ndidali wokonda kutanthauzira zakugonana, koma kafukufukuyu wa LPP yemwe tangomusindikiza ndikundichititsa kuti ndizikhala omasuka kuchita zachiwerewere."
Popeza Pembedzero lafika, a Ley ndi ena akupitilizabe kuthandizira "zolaula / chiwerewere = mkulu libido"?
Tikupereka lingaliro la kanema wa mphindi 12 uyu - “Kodi ndi chilakolako chogonana kwambiri kapena chizolowezi choonera zolaula?”, lolembedwa ndi Noah Church.
M'munsimu muli maphunziro angapo aposachedwa omwe adayesa ndikunamizira chonena cha "libido = kugonana / zolaula":
1) “ Kodi chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana ndi mbali ya chilakolako cha amuna? Zotsatira kuchokera ku kafukufuku wa pa intaneti.” (2015 ) – Ofufuza adapeza kuti palibe kugwirizana pakati pa amuna omwe ali ndi chilakolako cha kugonana ndi amuna omwe ali ndi “chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana”. Chidule cha pepalali:
"Zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufukuyu zikusonyeza kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana ndi hypersexuality mwa amuna. "
2) “ Kugonana Kwambiri ndi Chilakolako Chachikulu Chogonana: Kufufuza Kapangidwe ka Vuto la Kugonana” (2015) – Kafukufukuyu adapeza kusiyana pang'ono pakati pa chilakolako chachikulu chogonana ndi kugonana kwambiri. Chidule cha pepalali:
"Phunziro lathu limathandizira kusiyanasiyana kwa chiwerewere komanso chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana / zochitika."
3) " Mitsempha Yogwirizana ndi Kugonana kwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Khalidwe Logonana Lokakamiza komanso Lopanda" (2014) - Kafukufuku wa fMRI ku Cambridge University poyerekeza anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zolaula ndi anthu olamulira bwino. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zolaula anali ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana komanso anali ndi vuto lalikulu lopeza erection, koma anali ndi cue-reactivity yayikulu ku zolaula (zofanana ndi Steele et al . pamwambapa). Zolemba kuchokera papepalali:
"Pa mtundu wosinthidwa wa Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale [43] , anthu a C SB poyerekeza ndi odzipereka athanzi anali ndi vuto lalikulu ndi chilakolako chogonana ndipo anakumana ndi mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kugonana m'maubwenzi apamtima koma osati pazinthu zogonana (Table S3 mu File S1 )."
Anthu omwe ali mu CSB adanena kuti chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zinthu zolaula….. adachepetsa chilakolako cha kugonana kapena ntchito ya erectile makamaka muubwenzi wakuthupi ndi akazi (ngakhale kuti sizikugwirizana ndi zinthu zolaula)…
4) “Makhalidwe a Odwala Malinga ndi Mtundu wa Kutumiza kwa Hypersexual: Kuwunikanso Tchati Chochuluka cha Milandu 115 Yotsatizana ya Amuna” (2015) – Kafukufuku wokhudza amuna omwe ali ndi vuto la hypersexual. 27 adatchulidwa kuti ndi “odziteteza ku maliseche,” zomwe zikutanthauza kuti adadziseweretsa maliseche ola limodzi kapena angapo patsiku kapena maola opitilira 7 pa sabata. 71% ya ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso adanena kuti ali ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana, ndipo 33% adanenanso kuti adachedwa kutulutsa umuna.
5) " Kulephera Kugonana, Kusasangalala, ndi Kugonana Kwambiri Pakati pa Amuna Okwatirana Ochokera Kumayiko Awiri ku Ulaya" (2015 ) - Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa kulephera kugonana bwino ndi miyeso ya kugonana kwambiri. Chidule:
" Kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kunkagwirizana kwambiri ndi kusakhala ndi chilakolako chogonana komanso mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kugonana ."
6) “ Achinyamata ndi zolaula za pa intaneti: nthawi yatsopano yogonana (2015) ” – Kafukufuku waku Italyyu adasanthula zotsatira za zolaula za pa intaneti pa omaliza sukulu ya sekondale, zomwe zidalembedwa ndi pulofesa wa urology Carlo Foresta , purezidenti wa Italian Society of Reproductive Pathophysiology. Chosangalatsa kwambiri ndichakuti 16% ya omwe amaonera zolaula kangapo pa sabata amanena kuti chilakolako chogonana ndi chochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi 0% mwa omwe sagula (ndi 6% kwa omwe amadya zochepa pa sabata). Kuchokera mu kafukufukuyu:
"21.9% amafotokoza izi ngati chizolowezi, 10% amafotokoza kuti zimachepetsa chilakolako chogonana ndi anthu omwe angakhale nawo pa moyo weniweni , ndipo ena onse, 9.1% amafotokoza kuti ali ndi vuto la chizolowezi. Kuphatikiza apo, 19% ya ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amanena kuti ali ndi vuto logonana losazolowereka, pomwe chiwerengerocho chinakwera kufika pa 25.1% pakati pa ogula wamba."
7) " Kapangidwe ka Ubongo ndi Kulumikizana Kogwira Ntchito Kogwirizana ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zithunzi Zolaula: Ubongo pa Zolaula" (2014) - Kafukufuku wa Max Planck yemwe adapeza kusintha kwakukulu kwa ubongo kokhudzana ndi chizolowezi komwe kumagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa zolaula zomwe zimadyedwa. Inapezanso kuti zolaula zambiri zikamadya kwambiri, ntchito yocheperako ya circuit yolandira mphotho chifukwa chowonera mwachidule (masekondi .530) zolaula za vanila. Mu nkhani ya 2014, wolemba wamkulu Simone Kühn adati :
" Tikuganiza kuti anthu omwe amaonera zolaula zambiri amafunika kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti alandire mphotho yofanana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuonera zolaula nthawi zonse kumawononga dongosolo lanu la mphotho. Zimenezo zikugwirizana bwino ndi lingaliro lakuti machitidwe awo a mphotho amafunika kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri ."
Kufotokozera kwaukadaulo kwa kafukufukuyu kuchokera ku ndemanga ya mabuku a Kuhn & Gallinat - Neurobiological Basis of Hypersexuality (2016).
"Maola ambiri omwe ophunzira adanena kuti akudya zolaula, kuyankha kolimba mtima mu putamen yakumanzere kumachepetsanso chifukwa cha zithunzi zogonana. Komanso, tapeza kuti maola ambiri omwe amathera akuonera zolaula amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa imvi mu striatum, makamaka mu caudate yoyenera yomwe imafika mu ventral putamen. Tikuganiza kuti kuchepa kwa voliyumu ya ubongo kungawonetse zotsatira za kulolerana pambuyo posiya kukhudzidwa ndi zogonana ."
8) “ Kuchita zinthu zosazolowereka monga chifukwa chodziwira ndi kuchiza vuto la kugonana mwa anyamata” (2014) – Chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zinayi zomwe zili mu pepalali chimafotokoza za mwamuna yemwe ali ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana chifukwa cha zolaula (kuchepa kwa chilakolako cha kugonana, fetishes, anorgasmia). Kugonana kumeneku kunafuna kuti apewe zolaula ndi maliseche kwa milungu 6. Patatha miyezi 8 mwamunayo adanena kuti chilakolako chogonana chawonjezeka, kugonana bwino komanso kugonana bwino, komanso kusangalala ndi “machitidwe abwino ogonana.”
9) " Kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zolaula: ndani amene amazigwiritsa ntchito komanso momwe zimagwirizanirana ndi zotsatira zingapo" (2012) - Ngakhale kuti si kafukufuku wokhudza "ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha", inanena kuti 1) kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zonse kumagwirizana ndi zigoli zochepa pakukhutira ndi kugonana, ndi 2) kuti panalibe kusiyana pakati pa chilakolako chogonana pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi osagwiritsa ntchito.
10) Chilakolako Chogonana, osati Kugonana Kwambiri, Chimakhudzana ndi Mayankho a Mitsempha Yokhudzana ndi Zithunzi Zogonana (2013) - Kafukufuku wa EEG uyu adalengezedwa m'manyuzipepala ngati umboni wotsutsa kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula. Sizili choncho . Steele et al . 2013 kwenikweni amalimbikitsa kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi chogonana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika. Kodi zingatheke bwanji? Kafukufukuyu adanenanso kuti ma EEG ambiri (poyerekeza ndi zithunzi zosalowerera) pamene anthu adawonetsedwa mwachidule zithunzi zolaula. Kafukufuku nthawi zonse amasonyeza kuti P300 yokwera imachitika pamene anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro (monga zithunzi) zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chawo.
Mogwirizana ndi kafukufuku wa ubongo wa ku Cambridge University , kafukufuku wa EEG uyu adanenanso kuti zolaula zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana ndi anthu okwatirana. Kunena kwina - anthu omwe ali ndi ubongo wokonda kwambiri zolaula amakonda kudziseweretsa maliseche m'malo mogonana ndi munthu weniweni. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, wolankhulira kafukufukuyu Nicole Prause adati ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula anali ndi "chilakolako chachikulu," koma zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zikunena zosiyana kwambiri (chilakolako cha anthu ogonana ndi anthu okwatirana chinali kuchepa poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula).
Zonsezi pamodzi zomwe Steele et al. adapeza zikusonyeza kuti ubongo umagwira ntchito kwambiri ku zizindikiro (zithunzi zolaula), koma palibe kusintha kwakukulu ku mphotho zachilengedwe (kugonana ndi munthu). Kuzindikira ndi kuletsa kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu, zomwe ndi zizindikiro za chizolowezi. Mapepala 8 owunikidwa ndi anzawo akufotokoza zoona: Ndemanga zowunikidwa ndi anzawo za Steele et al. , 2013. Onaninso izi ndemanga yayikulu ya YBOP.
11) Kusintha kwa Zomwe Zingatheke Posachedwa Pogwiritsa Ntchito Zithunzi Zogonana mu Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mavuto ndi Zowongolera Zosagwirizana ndi "Zolaula Zolaula" (2015) - Kafukufuku wachiwiri wa EEG wochokera ku gulu la Nicole Prause . Kafukufukuyu anayerekeza maphunziro a 2013 ochokera kwa Steele et al ., 2013 ndi gulu lenileni lolamulira (koma linali ndi zolakwika zomwezo zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa). Zotsatira zake: Poyerekeza ndi zowongolera "anthu omwe akukumana ndi mavuto owongolera kuonera kwawo zolaula" anali ndi mayankho ochepa muubongo akamaonera zithunzi za vanilla porn kwa sekondi imodzi. Wolemba wamkulu akuti zotsatirazi " zikutsutsa chizolowezi cha zolaula ." Ndi wasayansi wovomerezeka uti amene anganene kuti kafukufuku wawo wokhawo wosadziwika wathetsa gawo lodziwika bwino la kafukufuku?
Zoonadi, zomwe zapezeka mu Prause et al. 2015 zikugwirizana bwino ndi Kühn & Gallina t (2014) , zomwe zapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zambiri kumagwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya ubongo poyankha zithunzi za zolaula za vanilla. Zomwe zapezeka mu Prause et al . zikugwirizananso ndi Banca et al. 2015 zomwe zili pa nambala 13 pamndandandawu. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wina wa EEG adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri mwa akazi kumagwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya ubongo ku zolaula. Kuwerenga kochepa kwa EEG kumatanthauza kuti anthu sakuyang'ana kwambiri zithunzizo. Mwachidule, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri analibe chidwi ndi zithunzi zosasinthika za zolaula za vanilla. Anali otopa (ozoloŵera kapena osowa chidwi). Onani ndemanga yayikulu ya YBOP iyi . Mapepala 9 owunikidwa ndi anzawo amavomereza kuti kafukufukuyu adapezadi kuti kufooka/chizolowezi mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri (zogwirizana ndi chizolowezi): Ndemanga zowunikidwa ndi anzawo za Prause et al ., 2015
12) Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mwachisawawa mwa anthu okwatirana achi Norway (2009) - Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kunagwirizana ndi zovuta zambiri zogonana mwa mwamuna komanso kudziona molakwika mwa mkazi. Okwatirana omwe sanagwiritse ntchito zolaula analibe zovuta zogonana. Zidutswa zingapo kuchokera mu kafukufukuyu:
Mwa maanja omwe mnzawo m'modzi yekha ndiye adagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, tapeza mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kudziona ngati wokonda kugonana (mwamuna) komanso woipa (wachikazi).
Okwatirana omwe sanagwiritse ntchito zolaula ... angaonedwe ngati achikhalidwe kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chiphunzitso cha zolemba zogonana. Nthawi yomweyo, sankaoneka kuti ali ndi vuto lililonse.
13) Kuseweretsa maliseche ndi zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa amuna okwatirana omwe ali ndi chilakolako chocheperako cha kugonana: Kodi kuseweretsa maliseche ndi ntchito zingati? (2015) - Kuseweretsa maliseche kunali kogwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana komanso ubale wopanda ubwenzi.
"Mwa amuna omwe ankadziseweretsa maliseche pafupipafupi, 70% ankagwiritsa ntchito zolaula kamodzi pa sabata. Kuwunika kwa multivariate kunawonetsa kuti kutopa ndi kugonana, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi, komanso kusakondana kwambiri ndi amuna ena kunawonjezera mwayi woti amuna azidziseweretsa maliseche pafupipafupi pakati pa amuna omwe ali ndi chilakolako chogonana chochepa."
"Mwa amuna [omwe ali ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana] omwe ankagwiritsa ntchito zolaula kamodzi pa sabata [mu 2011], 26.1% adanena kuti sanathe kuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula . Kuphatikiza apo, 26.7% ya amuna adanenanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo zolaula kunakhudza kwambiri kugonana kwawo ndi okondedwa awo ndipo 21.1% adati anayesa kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ."
14) Moyo Wogonana wa Amuna ndi Kuonera Zolaula Mobwerezabwereza. Nkhani Yatsopano? (2015) - Zidule:
Akatswiri a zamaganizo amaganizo ayenera kuganizira zotsatira za zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika za kugonana amuna, amuna ogonana ndi zikhalidwe zina zokhudzana ndi kugonana. M'kupita kwa nthawi zolaula zimawoneka kuti zimayambitsa zolaula, makamaka kuti munthu sangakwanitse kufika pachibwenzi ndi mnzake. Wina yemwe amathera nthawi zambiri kugonana kwake maliseche pamene akuwonera zolaula amachititsa ubongo wake kubwereza zachiwerewere zachilengedwe kuti posakhalitsa ayenera kuwonetseratu zolaula kuti akwaniritse.
Zizindikiro zosiyana siyana za zolaula, monga kufunika kokhala ndi mnzanu pakuwonerera zolaula, kuvutika kofikira, kufunika kwa zithunzi zolaula kuti zithetse mavuto. Zizolowezi zimenezi zokhudzana ndi kugonana zingapitirire kwa miyezi kapena zaka ndipo zingakhale zomaganizo ndi thupi zogwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa erectile, ngakhale kuti sikutayika kwa thupi. Chifukwa cha chisokonezo ichi, chomwe chimapangitsa manyazi, manyazi ndi kukana, anthu ambiri amakana kukumana ndi katswiri
Zithunzi zolaula zimapereka njira yophweka kwambiri kuti tipeze chisangalalo popanda kunena zina mwazinthu zomwe zakhudzana ndi kugonana kwa anthu pambiri ya anthu. Ubongo umapanga njira yina yothetsera kugonana yomwe siiphatikizapo "munthu weniweni" kuchokera ku equation. Kuwonjezera apo, kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kwa nthawi yaitali kumapangitsa amuna kukhala ovuta kwambiri kupeza mwayi wokhala ndi abwenzi awo.
Komanso, sitinapeze mgwirizano uliwonse pakati pa sikelo ya CSBI Control ndi BIS-BAS. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kusowa kwa ulamuliro wokhudza khalidwe la kugonana kukugwirizana ndi kusonkhezera kugonana ndi njira zoletsa osati kuyambitsa khalidwe ndi njira zoletsa. Izi zikuwoneka kuti zikuthandizira kuganiza kuti kugonana mopitirira muyeso ndi vuto la kugonana monga momwe Kafka adanenera. Komanso, sizikuwoneka kuti kugonana mopitirira muyeso ndi chizindikiro cha chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana, koma kuti kumaphatikizapo kusonkhezera kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa ulamuliro woletsa, makamaka ponena za kuletsa chifukwa cha zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimayembekezeredwa.
16) Kodi Mukugonana Kwambiri, Mukufuna Kugonana Mopitirira Muyeso, Kapena Mukufuna Kugonana Kwambiri? Kufufuza Magulu Atatu Osiyana a Amuna Ogonana Ndi Amuna Kapena Akazi Okhaokha Komanso Akazi Okhaokha Komanso Mbiri Yawo Yokhudza Chiwopsezo Chogonana Chokhudzana ndi HIV (2016) - Ngati chilakolako chachikulu chogonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana zinali zofanana, pakanakhala gulu limodzi lokha la anthu pa anthu onse. Kafukufukuyu, monga omwe ali pamwambapa, adawonetsa magulu angapo osiyana, koma magulu onse adanenanso za kuchuluka kofanana kwa zochita zogonana.
Kafukufuku watsopano akuchirikiza lingaliro lakuti kukakamiza kugonana (SC) ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana (HD) pakati pa amuna ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha (GBM) zitha kuganiziridwa ngati magulu atatu— Osati SC kapena HD ; SC yokha , ndi SC ndi HD —zomwe zimasonyeza kuopsa kwa SC/HD continuum yonse.
Pafupifupi theka (48.9%) la anthu ochita zachiwerewere kwambiri awa adagawidwa m'magulu awiri: SC kapena HD , 30% ngati SC Yokha , ndi 21.1% ngati SC ndi HD . Ngakhale sitinapeze kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa magulu atatuwa pa chiwerengero cha amuna omwe adanenedwa kuti ndi okondedwa, zochita zogonana m'makoswe, kapena zochita zogonana m'makoswe.
17) Zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zogonana pa ubale wachikondi (2016) - Monga momwe zilili ndi maphunziro ena ambiri, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula okha amanena kuti ubale wawo ndi woipa komanso kukhutira ndi kugonana. Pogwiritsa ntchito Pornography Consumption Effect Scale (PCES), kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri kunali kogwirizana ndi ntchito yogonana yoipa, mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kugonana, komanso "moyo wogonana woipa kwambiri". Chidule chofotokoza mgwirizano pakati pa mafunso a "Zotsatira Zoipa" a PCES pa "Moyo Wogonana" ndi kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula:
Panalibe kusiyana kwakukulu kwa Negative Effect Dimension PCES pa kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zogonana; komabe, apa panali kusiyana kwakukulu pa gawo la Sex Life komwe High Frequency Porn Users inanena za zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri kuposa Low Frequency Porn Users.
18) Zizolowezi zodziseweretsa maliseche za amuna ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana (2016) – Ndi dokotala wa zamaganizo wa ku France yemwe ndi purezidenti wa European Federation of Sexology . Ngakhale kuti mfundo yongoganizira imasintha pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti ndi kudziseweretsa maliseche, n'zoonekeratu kuti makamaka akunena za mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha zolaula (kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa erectile ndi anorgasmia). Pepalali likuzungulira zomwe adakumana nazo ndi amuna 35 omwe adayamba kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa erectile ndi/kapena anorgasmia, komanso njira zake zochiritsira kuti awathandize. Wolembayo akunena kuti odwala ake ambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, ndipo ambiri anali ndi chizolowezi choonera zolaula. Mfundo yongoganizira imasonyeza kuti zolaula pa intaneti ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha mavutowa (kumbukirani kuti kudziseweretsa maliseche sikumayambitsa ED yosatha, ndipo sikuperekedwa ngati chifukwa cha ED). Zidule:
Chiyambi: Chopanda vuto komanso chothandiza monga momwe amachitira nthawi zonse, kusokoneza kugonana mopitirira muyeso komanso kodziwika bwino, komwe masiku ano kumagwirizana ndi chizolowezi choonera zolaula , nthawi zambiri kumanyalanyazidwa poyesa matenda okhudzana ndi kusokonezeka kwa kugonana komwe kungayambitse.
Zotsatira: Zotsatira zoyambirira za odwalawa, atalandira chithandizo kuti "asiye" zizolowezi zawo zodziseweretsa maliseche komanso chizolowezi chawo chowonera zolaula, ndizolimbikitsa komanso zopatsa chiyembekezo. Kuchepa kwa zizindikiro kunapezeka mwa odwala 19 mwa 35. Mavuto amisala anachepa ndipo odwalawa anasangalala ndi zochita zogonana zokhutiritsa.
Kutsiliza: Kudziseweretsa maliseche mopitirira muyeso, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayenderana ndi kudalira zolaula za pa intaneti, kwawonedwa kuti kumayambitsa mitundu ina ya kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa erectile kapena kutsekeka kwa m'mimba mwa mkazi kapena mwamuna. Ndikofunikira kuzindikira mwadongosolo kupezeka kwa zizolowezi izi m'malo mochita kafukufuku pochotsa, kuti muphatikizepo njira zochotsera zizolowezi pothana ndi mavutowa.
19) Chitsanzo Cholamulira Zinthu Ziwiri – Udindo wa Kuletsa Kugonana ndi Chisangalalo Pachikondwerero ndi Khalidwe Logonana (2007) – Chopezekanso chatsopano komanso chokhutiritsa kwambiri. Mu kafukufuku wogwiritsa ntchito zolaula za pakompyuta, 50% ya anyamatawa sanathe kudzuka kapena kuchita chigololo ndi zolaula (zaka zapakati zinali 29). Ofufuza odabwa adapeza kuti vuto la kugonana kwa amunawa linali,
" zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amaonera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zogonana molakwika. "
Amuna omwe anali ndi vuto la kugonana anali atakhala nthawi yayitali m'mabala ndi m'mabafa komwe zolaula zinali " ponseponse ," komanso " kusewera nthawi zonse ". Ofufuzawo anati:
"Kukambirana ndi anthuwa kunalimbitsa lingaliro lathu lakuti m'magawo ena, kuonera kwambiri zolaula kumawoneka kuti kwapangitsa kuti anthu asamayankhe kwambiri zolaula za "vanilla sex" komanso kuti pakhale kufunikira kwa zinthu zatsopano komanso zosiyana, nthawi zina kuphatikizapo kufunikira kwa mitundu yeniyeni ya zolimbikitsa kuti munthu ayambe kusangalala ."
20) Zochita zogonana pa intaneti: Kafukufuku wofufuza za njira zovuta komanso zopanda vuto zogwiritsira ntchito mwa chitsanzo cha amuna (2016) - Kafukufuku waku Belgium wochokera ku yunivesite yotsogola yofufuza adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti molakwika kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito yogonana komanso kuchepa kwa kukhutira kwathunthu. Komabe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula movutikira adakumana ndi zilakolako zazikulu. Kafukufukuyu akuwoneka kuti akunena za kukwera, chifukwa 49% ya amunawo adawona zolaula zomwe " sizinali zosangalatsa kwa iwo kale kapena zomwe amaona kuti ndi zonyansa ." (Onani maphunziro omwe akunena za chizolowezi/kusiya kuonera zolaula komanso kukwera kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula) Zidule:
" Kafukufukuyu ndiye woyamba kufufuza mwachindunji ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa zovuta zogonana ndi kutenga nawo mbali pamavuto a OSA . Zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti chilakolako chachikulu chogonana, kukhutitsidwa kocheperako kwa kugonana, komanso kuchepa kwa ntchito yogonana zinali zogwirizana ndi ma OSA ovuta (zochita zogonana pa intaneti). Zotsatirazi zitha kulumikizidwa ndi zomwe zaphunziridwa kale zomwe zimafotokoza kuchuluka kwa kudzuka komwe kumagwirizana ndi zizindikiro za chizolowezi chogonana (Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004; Laier et al., 2013; Muise et al., 2013)."
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, potsiriza timakhala ndi phunziro lomwe limapempha ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula za kutheka kwa kukula kwa mitundu yambiri yolaula. Tangoganizirani zomwe zapeza?
“ Makumi anayi mphambu asanu ndi anayi pa zana aliwonse adanena kuti nthawi zina amafufuza zinthu zogonana kapena kuchita nawo ma OSA omwe sanali osangalatsa kwa iwo kale kapena omwe amawaona ngati onyansa, ndipo 61.7% adanenanso kuti nthawi zina ma OSA anali okhudzana ndi manyazi kapena kudzimva kuti ndi olakwa.”
Zindikirani - Iyi ndi kafukufuku woyamba kufufuza mwachindunji ubale pakati pa zovuta zogonana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta. Maphunziro ena awiri omwe amati adafufuza ubale pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi magwiridwe antchito a erectile adaphatikiza deta kuchokera ku maphunziro akale poyesa kulephera kutsutsa ED yoyambitsidwa ndi zolaula. Onse awiri adatsutsidwa m'mabuku owunikidwa ndi anzawo: pepala 1 silinali kafukufuku weniweni, ndipo latsutsidwa kwathunthu ; pepala 2 kwenikweni lidapeza ubale womwe umathandizira ED yoyambitsidwa ndi zolaula. Kuphatikiza apo, pepala 2 linali "kulankhulana kwakanthawi kochepa" komwe sikunanene zambiri zofunika.
21) Kusintha kwa Chilakolako cha Kugonana ndi Kulumikizana kwa Mitsempha mwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Khalidwe Logonana Lokakamiza (2016) - "Makhalidwe Ogonana Okakamiza" (CSB) amatanthauza kuti amunawa anali okonda zolaula, chifukwa anthu omwe anali ndi CSB anali kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupifupi maola 20 pa sabata. Anthu omwe anali ndi CSB anali ndi mphindi 29 pa sabata. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, anthu atatu mwa anthu 20 a CSB adatchula kwa omwe adawafunsa mafunso kuti anali ndi "vuto la orgasmic-erection disorder," pomwe palibe aliyense wa anthu omwe anali ndi CSB amene adanena za mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana.
22) Kafukufuku akuwona kulumikizana pakati pa zolaula ndi vuto la kugonana (2017) - Zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufuku yemwe akubwera yemwe adaperekedwa pamsonkhano wapachaka wa American Urological Association. Zidule zingapo:
Anyamata achichepere omwe amakonda zolaula kuposa zochitika zenizeni zogonana angagwidwe mumsampha, osatha kuchita zogonana ndi anthu ena mwayi ukapezeka, malinga ndi kafukufuku watsopano. Amuna omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zolaula nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la kusowa maliseche ndipo nthawi zambiri sakhala okhutira ndi kugonana, malinga ndi zomwe kafukufukuyu adapeza Lachisanu pamsonkhano wapachaka wa American Urological Association, ku Boston.
23) “Ndikuganiza kuti zakhala ndi vuto lalikulu m'njira zambiri koma nthawi yomweyo sindingathe kusiya kuzigwiritsa ntchito”: Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika pakati pa achinyamata aku Australia (2017) – Kafukufuku wa pa intaneti wa anthu aku Australia, azaka zapakati pa 15-29. Anthu omwe adaonerapo zolaula (n=856) adafunsidwa funso lotseguka: 'Kodi zolaula zakhudza bwanji moyo wanu?'.
Pakati pa ophunzira omwe adayankha funso lotseguka (n=718), kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kunadziwika ndi omwe adayankha 88. Amuna omwe adalembapo za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika adawonetsa zotsatira zake m'magawo atatu: pa kugonana, chilakolako chogonana komanso maubwenzi. Mayankho adaphatikizapo "Ndikuganiza kuti zakhala ndi chikoka choipa m'njira zambiri koma nthawi yomweyo sindingathe kusiya kuzigwiritsa ntchito" (Mwamuna, Wazaka 18-19).
24) Kufufuza Ubale Pakati pa Kusokonezeka kwa Zolaula Panthawi ya Kuchedwa ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zinthu Zolaula, Makhalidwe Ogonana Pa Intaneti, ndi Mavuto Ogonana mwa Achinyamata (2009) - Kafukufukuyu adafufuza mgwirizano pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pakali pano (zinthu zolaula - SEM) ndi mavuto ogonana, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula panthawi ya "nthawi yochedwa" (zaka 6-12) ndi mavuto ogonana. Avereji ya zaka za ophunzira anali 22. Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pakali pano kumagwirizana ndi mavuto ogonana, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula panthawi yochedwa (zaka 6-12) kunali ndi mgwirizano wamphamvu kwambiri ndi mavuto ogonana. Zidutswa zingapo:
Zomwe zapezeka zikusonyeza kuti kusokoneza chilakolako cha kugonana kudzera mu zinthu zogonana (SEM) ndi/kapena nkhanza zogonana ndi ana kungagwirizane ndi machitidwe ogonana a akuluakulu pa intaneti.
Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira zawonetsa kuti kuwonetsedwa kwa SEM latency kunali chizindikiro chachikulu cha zovuta zogonana za akuluakulu.
Tinaganiza kuti kuwonetsedwa ku SEM yochedwa kunganeneretu kuti akuluakulu akugwiritsa ntchito SEM. Zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufukuyu zinathandizira lingaliro lathu, ndipo zinawonetsa kuti kuwonetsedwa ku SEM yochedwa kunali chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri cha kugwiritsa ntchito SEM kwa akuluakulu. Izi zikusonyeza kuti anthu omwe adakumana ndi SEM panthawi yochedwa, akhoza kupitiriza ndi khalidweli mpaka atakula . Zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufukuyu zinawonetsanso kuti kuwonetsedwa ku SEM yochedwa kunali chizindikiro chachikulu cha machitidwe ogonana a akuluakulu pa intaneti.
25) Kukumana ndi zolaula pa intaneti (2008) - Pepala lonse, lokhala ndi milandu inayi yachipatala, lolembedwa ndi dokotala wa matenda amisala yemwe adazindikira za zotsatirapo zoyipa za zolaula pa intaneti pa odwala ake ena aamuna. Chidule chomwe chili pansipa chikufotokoza za mwamuna wazaka 31 yemwe adayamba kuchita zolaula kwambiri ndipo adayamba kukonda zolaula komanso mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana. Ili ndi limodzi mwa mapepala oyamba omwe adawunikidwa ndi anzawo omwe akuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azitha kulekerera, kukwera, komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito zogonana.
Mwamuna wazaka 31 yemwe amagwira ntchito yofufuza zamaganizo chifukwa cha mavuto osiyanasiyana okhudza nkhawa ananena kuti anali kukumana ndi vuto lofuna kugonana ndi wokondedwa wake wapano. Atakambirana zambiri za mkaziyo, ubale wawo, mikangano yobisika kapena zomwe zili mumtima mwake (popanda kupeza chifukwa chomveka bwino cha madandaulo ake), anapereka tsatanetsatane wakuti anali kudalira maloto enaake kuti akondwere. Atakhumudwa pang'ono, anafotokoza "zochitika" za chiwerewere chokhudza amuna ndi akazi angapo chomwe adapeza patsamba la zolaula pa intaneti chomwe chidamukopa chidwi ndipo chidakhala chimodzi mwa zomwe amakonda kwambiri. Pa nthawi ya magawo angapo, adafotokoza za kugwiritsa ntchito kwake zolaula pa intaneti, zomwe adachita nthawi zina kuyambira ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 20.
Zambiri zokhudza momwe amagwiritsira ntchito komanso zotsatira zake panthawiyi zikuphatikizapo kufotokozera momveka bwino kuti akudalira kwambiri ndikuwonanso zithunzi zolaula kuti athetse chiwerewere. Ananenanso za kukula kwa "kulekerera" ku zotsatira zowonongeka kwa zinthu zina pambuyo pa nthawi, zomwe zinatsatiridwa ndi kufufuza zinthu zatsopano zomwe angakwanitse kukwaniritsa, chilakolako chofuna kugonana.
Pamene tinkawunikanso momwe ankagwiritsira ntchito zolaula, zinaonekeratu kuti mavuto omwe anali nawo ndi chibwenzi chake chamakono anali ofanana ndi momwe ankagwiritsira ntchito zolaula, pomwe "kulekerera" kwake zotsatira zake zolimbikitsa zinthu zina kunachitika kaya anali ndi chibwenzi panthawiyo kapena anali kungogwiritsa ntchito zolaula podziseweretsa maliseche. Nkhawa yake yokhudza kugonana inamupangitsa kuti azidalira kwambiri kuonera zolaula. Posadziwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumeneku kwakhala kovuta, anaganiza kuti chilakolako chake chogonana ndi chibwenzi chake chinali chosayenera kwa iye, ndipo sanali pachibwenzi choposa miyezi iwiri m'zaka zoposa zisanu ndi ziwiri, kusinthana chibwenzi chimodzi ndi china monga momwe angasinthire mawebusayiti.
Ananenanso kuti tsopano akhoza kudzutsidwa ndi zolaula zomwe poyamba sanafune kugwiritsira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, adati zaka zisanu zapitazo sanali ndi chidwi chowona zithunzi za kugonana koma tsopano anapeza zinthu zoterezi. Mofananamo, zinthu zomwe adalongosola monga "edgier," zomwe adatanthawuza kuti "zachiwawa kapena zolimbikitsana," ndizo zina zomwe zinkamupangitsa kugonana naye, pomwe zinthu zomwezo zinalibe chidwi ndipo zinkakhala zovuta. Ndi zina mwa nkhani zatsopanozi, iye adadzidetsa nkhaŵa komanso wosasangalatsa ngakhale momwe akadadzuka.
26) Kufufuza mbiri ya chilimbikitso cha kugonana ndi maubwenzi awo pogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwa mbiri yachinsinsi (2019) - Zolemba za kafukufukuyu wa 2019 zikusiya zambiri zofunika. Izi zati chithunzi ichi #4 kuchokera papepala lonse chikuvumbula zambiri: kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika kumakhudzana kwambiri ndi zigoli zochepa pa (1) chilakolako chogonana chogwirizana (HSP); (2) chilakolako chogonana chopitirira muyeso (OSP); (3) kukhutitsidwa ndi kugonana (SEXSAT); (4) kukhutitsidwa ndi moyo (LIFESAT). Mwachidule, kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika kunalumikizidwa ndi zigoli zochepa kwambiri pa chilakolako chogonana (chilakolako chogonana), kukhutitsidwa ndi kugonana & kukhutitsidwa ndi moyo (gulu kumanja). Poyerekeza, gulu lomwe linapeza zigoli zapamwamba kwambiri pazigawo zonsezi linali ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika kwambiri (gulu kupita kumanzere).
27) Kupereka kwa chilakolako chogonana ndi zolinga pakugwiritsa ntchito mokakamiza kugonana pa intaneti (2019) - Kuledzera pa intaneti kunalibe ubale wokwanira ndi chilakolako chogonana. Kumawoneka ngati kuledzera, osati chilakolako chachikulu. Zidule:
Kuwonjezera pa kusiyana kotereku pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, zotsatira zathu zikusonyeza kuti chilakolako chogonana chimagwira ntchito yochepa chabe (mwa amuna), kapena palibe gawo lililonse (mwa akazi) pakugwiritsa ntchito mokakamiza kugonana pa intaneti . Kuphatikiza apo, CMQ enhancement subscale sizikuwoneka kuti zikuthandizira ku CIUS score. Izi zikusonyeza kuti chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti sichimayendetsedwa ndi kugonana kapena pang'ono chabe mwa amuna. Zomwe adapeza zikugwirizana ndi maphunziro ena omwe akuwonetsa kuti kukonda makanema owonetsa zachiwerewere ( Voon et al., 2014 ) ndi zochitika zogonana (monga, kuchuluka kwa anthu ogonana, kukhutira ndi anthu ogonana, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito cybersex yolumikizana) sizikugwirizana ndi cybersex yokakamiza ( Laier et al., 2014 ; Laier, Pekal, & Brand, 2015 ).
Monga momwe zanenedwera mu maphunziro ena okhudza makhalidwe osokoneza bongo, gawo la "kukonda" (hedonic drive) likuwoneka kuti likuchita gawo laling'ono kuposa gawo la "kufuna" (kulimbikitsa) ndi gawo la "kuphunzira" (mayanjano oneneratu ndi kuzindikira, mwachitsanzo, kuphunzira za mpumulo wa malingaliro oipa pogwiritsa ntchito cybersex; Berridge, Robinson, & Aldridge, 2009 ; Robinson & Berridge, 2008 ).
Poyamba, gawo laling'ono la chilakolako chogonana ndi zolinga zowonjezera mu kugonana kokakamiza pa intaneti zikuwoneka kuti sizikugwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika. Zikuwoneka kuti chikhalidwe chogonana cha kukhutiritsa sichomwe chimayambitsa khalidweli. Izi zitha kufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti CIUS si muyeso wa zochita zogonana kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kugonana pa intaneti, koma kuwunika kugwiritsa ntchito kugonana kokakamiza pa intaneti. Zomwe zapezekazi zikugwirizana ndi njira yokhudzana ndi kusunga machitidwe osokoneza bongo. Zanenedwa kuti zizolowezi zimasungidwa ndi kusintha kuchoka pa kukhutiritsa (monga, kufunafuna mphotho zachindunji zogonana) kupita ku malipiro (monga, kufunafuna kuthawa malingaliro oipa; Young & Brand, 2017 ).
28) Matenda Atatu Okhudza Kugonana Kovuta; Ndi Zifukwa Ziti Zomwe Zimaneneratu Khalidwe Lofunafuna Thandizo? (2020) - Kuchokera kumapeto:
Ngakhale zopinga zomwe zatchulidwa, tikuganiza kuti kafukufukuyu akuthandizira pa kafukufuku wa PH komanso kufufuza malingaliro atsopano pa khalidwe (lovuta) la hypersexual m'gulu la anthu. Tikugogomezera kuti kafukufuku wathu wasonyeza kuti "Kudzipatula" ndi "Kutaya chisangalalo", monga gawo la "Zotsatira Zoyipa", zitha kukhala zizindikiro zofunika za PH (vuto la hypersexual). Kumbali ina, "Kuchuluka kwa Orgasm", monga gawo la "Chilakolako Chogonana" (kwa akazi) kapena monga covariate (kwa amuna), sikunasonyeze mphamvu yosiyanitsa PH ndi matenda ena . Zotsatirazi zikusonyeza kuti pakukumana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi hypersexual, chidwi chiyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pa "Kudzipatula", "Kutaya chisangalalo", ndi "Zotsatira Zina Zoyipa" za hypersexual, osati kwambiri pa kuchuluka kwa kugonana kapena "chilakolako chogonana kwambiri" [ 60 ] chifukwa makamaka ndi "Zotsatira Zoyipa" zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukumana ndi hypersexual ngati vuto.
Komabe, mu chitsanzo cha panopa, anthu omwe anali ndi nthawi yochuluka yogonana anali pachiwopsezo chochepa chokumana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana mopitirira muyeso, zomwe timaganiza kuti kusiyana pakati pa nthawi zovuta zogonana ndi zosavuta [ 37 , 58 ] sikungatheke. Momwemonso, "Kulekerera" (kufuna kugonana mopitirira muyeso) sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito poyesa PH; monga gawo la "Chilakolako Chogonana", likuwonetsa molakwika PH. Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti choyamba ndi "Zotsatira Zoyipa" zomwe zimasonyeza ngati kugonana mopitirira muyeso kuli kovuta. Kuwonjezeka kwa chilakolako chogonana ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi zogonana si zizindikiro zabwino za PH mwa anthu omwe akukayikira za kuchuluka kwa PH.
Mwachidule, umboni ukuwonjezeka wakuti zolaula za pa intaneti zimachotsa chilakolako cha kugonana, zomwe zimapangitsa ogwiritsa ntchito kusalabadira zosangalatsa. Angakhumbire zolaula, koma izi ndi umboni wowonjezereka wa kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumakhudzana ndi chizolowezi chodziwika kuti " sensitization " (hyper-reactivity to addicted-related cues). Zilakolako sizingaganizidwe kuti ndi umboni wa chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana.
Maganizo 2 pa “Kafukufuku wabodza wonena kuti kugonana & zolaula "amangokhala ndi chilakolako chofuna kugonana""
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