Momwe mungadziwire nkhani zotsutsana: Iwo amatchula Prause et al., 2015 (akunamizira kuti imayambitsa zolaula), pamene akusiyiratu maphunziro a 50 opanga mauthenga okhudzana ndi zolaula

Introduction

Nkhani ndi mafunso ambiri ayesa kutsutsa nkhani ya TIME (“ Zolaula ndi Kuopsa kwa Virility” ) ndi chigamulo cha Utah cholengeza zolaula pa intaneti ngati vuto la thanzi la anthu. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingakhale “zopatsa” zomwe nkhani yotereyi ndi nkhani yongopeka chabe?

  1. Akatswiri a zamaganizo David Ley ndi / kapena Chithunzi cha Nicole amatchulidwa kuti "akatswiri," pomwe asayansi enieni omwe ali ndi vuto losokoneza bongo, omwe adafalitsa kafukufuku wodziwika bwino pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula (Voon, Kraus, Potenza, Brand, Laier, Hajela, Kuhn, Gallinat, Klucken, Seok, Sohn, Gola, Banca, etc.), sanasiyidwe. Palibe Ley kapena Prause akugwirizana ndi yunivesite iliyonse, komabe atolankhani ena, mwina motengera ntchito zofalitsa zamphamvu za Prause, (mwachitsanzo https://web.archive.org/web/20221006103520/http://media2x3.com/category/nikky-prause/, zomwe zidachotsedwa ukonde ndi Internet Archive nthawi ina October 2022 isanafike) amakonda modabwitsa onse, m'malo mwa akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo ku Yale University, Cambridge University, University of Duisburg-Essen, ndi Max Planck Institute. Chonde dziwani.
  2. Zolemba zimakonda kutchula za Prause yekha, zovuta 2015 EEG kuphunzira (Prause et al., 2015) monga umboni wosonyeza kuti zolaula sizipezeka, pomwe nthawi yomweyo zimasiya maphunziro ena a 54 amisala ndi 31 ndemanga zaposachedwa zamabuku ndi ndemanga: Mndandanda wamakono a maphunziro a ubongo owonetsa zithunzi zolaula / kugonana. (zolemba zochepa zimatchula za Phunziro la 2013 EEG la Prause (Steele et al.), amene, makamaka, Zimapereka chithandizo ku zolaula zolaula komanso zolaula-zinachititsa kugonana).
  3. Nkhanizi zimasiya Ndemanga za 31 zaposachedwa & ndemanga ndi ena mwa apamwamba a sayansi ya sayansi padziko lapansi. Zonse zothandizira mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
  4. Zolemba sizinatchulepo za ICD-11 ya WHO), yomwe ali ndi matenda atsopano woyenera kuchita zachiwerewere: "Kugonana Kwachiwerewere. "
  5. Nkhanizi zimasiya pa maphunziro a 60 omwe akulozera kukulira & chizolowezi cha ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula (ngakhale zisonyezo zakusiya).
  6. Zolemba zidasiya zonse Kafukufuku 14 wofotokoza zizindikiro zochotsa zolaula.
  7. Nkhanizi zimasiya pa zofufuza za 40 zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito zovuta zogonana ndi kuchepetsa kudzuka kugonana (i Zolemba zoyamba za 7 m'ndandanda zimasonyeza kusokonezeka, pamene ophunzira adasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndikuchiza matenda osayenera a kugonana).
  8. Nkhanizi zimasiya Phunziro la 80 lomwe limagwirizanitsa zolaula limagwiritsa ntchito kugonana kosachepera ndi chiyanjano chosauka kwambiri.
  9. Nkhanizi zimasiya Kufufuza kwa 85 komwe kumalumikiza zolaula kumagwiritsa ntchito thanzi lawo lamaganizidwe am'maganizo & zotsatira zosazindikira.
  10. Nkhanizi zimasiya pa maphunziro a 40 omwe amalumikiza zolaula amagwiritsa ntchito "malingaliro osagwirizana" kwa akazi
  11. Nkhani zimasiyitsa Maphunziro a 280 pa achinyamata, lipoti loti zolaula zimagwirizanitsa ndi zinthu monga osowa kwambiri, malingaliro ambiri okhudzana ndi kugonana, zachiwawa, umphaŵi, ubale wosauka, kuchepetsa moyo, kuyang'ana anthu ngati zinthu, kuonjezera chiopsezo cha kugonana, kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu, chiwawa chachikulu chogonana, chisokonezo chosavomerezeka, kukakamizidwa kwakukulu kwa kugonana, kukhutira kochepa pa kugonana, kuchepetsa libido, maganizo akuluakulu ololeza, ndi zambiri zambiri.
  12. Nkhanizi zimanena kuti zolaula zimangokhala ndi libido, ngakhale zili choncho pa maphunziro a 25 adatsimikizira izi zomwe zimabwerezedwa.
  13. Mwachikhalidwe "njira ya astroturfing, ”Nkhanizi zikuchita nawo ad hominem kuzunzidwa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi malingaliro otsutsana (monga zonena zabodza zakuti kulibe “malamulo oletsa,” “kunyengerera,” ndi zolinga zachipembedzo ndi phindu), popanda kupereka umboni wa zonena izi.

Zosintha: Mu nkhani iyi ya 2018 Gary Wilson akuulula zoona zomwe zili kumbuyo kwa maphunziro 5 okayikitsa komanso osokeretsa, kuphatikizapo maphunziro awiri a Nicole Prause EEG ( Steele et al ., 2013 ndi Prause et al ., 2015): Kafukufuku wa Zolaula: Zoona Kapena Zongopeka?


Zoona Zoyang'ana Phunziro la Prause la EEG la 2015 (Prause et al., 2015)

Kafukufuku wa Prause wa 2015 EEG (wonena kuti amachepetsa chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula) kwenikweni akuchirikiza kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula chifukwa gulu lake linapeza kuti anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso sakukhudzidwa ndi vutoli .

Poyerekeza ndi zowongolera, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi anali ndi mphamvu yochepa ya ubongo kuti azitha kuwona zithunzi za zolaula za vanila kwa sekondi imodzi. Wolemba wamkulu, Nicole Prause akuti zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa chizolowezi cha zolaula. Komabe, zomwe zapezekazi zikugwirizana bwino ndi Kühn & Gallinat (2014) , zomwe zidapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zambiri kumagwirizana ndi mphamvu yochepa ya ubongo poyankha zithunzi za zolaula za vanila (ndi zinthu zochepa zoyera mu dorsal striatum). Mwanjira ina, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi analibe chidwi ndi zithunzi zosasunthika ndipo amafunikira kulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu kuposa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zina. Zomwe zapezekazi zikugwirizana ndi kulekerera, chizindikiro cha chizolowezi. Kulekerera kumatanthauzidwa ngati kuyankha kochepa kwa munthu ku mankhwala kapena chilimbikitso chomwe chimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Mapepala 10 omwe anzawo adawunikanso akugwirizana ndi kusanthula kwa YBOP , komwe Prause adapeza kuti zomwe adapeza zikugwirizana ndi zotsatira za chizolowezi m'maphunziro ake:

  1. Katswiri wa sayansi ya zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti: Kukonzanso ndi Kuonjezera (2015)
  2. Kuchepetsa LPP zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa anthu owonetsa zithunzi zolaula angakhale zogwirizana ndi zowonongeka. Chirichonse chimadalira pa chitsanzo (2016)
  3. Nthenda ya Neurobiology ya Kugonana Kwachinyengo: Sayansi Yoyambira (2016)
  4. Kodi khalidwe loyenera la kugonana liyenera kuonedwa kuti ndiloledwetsa? (2016)
  5. Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ogonana? Kubwereza ndi Zipatala zapadera (2016)
  6. Njira Zozindikira ndi Zopanda Kumvetsetsa: Kodi Zimathetsa Nthawi Zambiri Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito? (2017)
  7. Njira zokhudzana ndi kugonana mwachisawawa (2018)
  8. Kugonjetsa Kwachinyamata pa Intaneti: Zimene Timadziwa ndi Zimene Sitikuzidziwa-Kusanthula Kwambiri (2019)
  9. Kuyambika ndi Kukula kwa Kugonana kwa Pulogalamu ya Kugonana kwa Edzi: Kugonjera Kwaumunthu, Kukhazikitsa Magetsi ndi Neural Mechanism (2019)
  10. Kodi Mumasiyanitsa Zithunzi Zolaula ndi Ziwawa Mukhale Ndi Zotsatira Zokhudza Kusazindikira Kwa Amuna (2020)

Wolemba wina wachiwiri, katswiri wa sayansi ya zamankhwala Mateusz Gola, anafotokoza mwachidule kuti:

"Tsoka ilo mutu wolimba mtima wa nkhani ya Prause et al. (2015) wakhala ndi vuto kale pa nkhani zoulutsira nkhani, motero kufalitsa mfundo yosavomerezeka yasayansi ."

Kodi ndi wofufuza wovomerezeka uti amene anganene kuti anatsutsa kafukufuku wonse ndikutsutsa maphunziro onse am'mbuyomu ndi kafukufuku umodzi wa EEG? ( Kugwirizana kwambiri ndi makampani omwe akukambidwa kungasokoneze malingaliro a wofufuza).

Sikuti mutuwo unali wopanda chifukwa cha sayansi, Nicole Prause adati kafukufuku wake anali ndi maphunziro 122 (N). Zowonadi, kafukufukuyu anali ndi maphunziro a 55 okha omwe "anali ndi mavuto owongolera momwe amaonera zithunzi zakugonana". Maphunzirowa adalembedwa kuchokera ku Pocatello Idaho, yemwe ndi wamkulu wa 50% Mormon. Otsatira ena 67 anali owongolera.

Mu nkhani yachiwiri yokayikitsa, Prause et al ., 2015 adanena mu chidule komanso m'thupi la phunziroli:

"Awa ndiwo magwiridwe antchito oyamba a anthu omwe amafotokoza zovuta za malamulo a VSS".

Izi sizili choncho, chifukwa kafukufuku wa Cambridge fMRI adasindikizidwa pafupifupi chaka chimodzi chapitacho.

Mu mfundo yachitatu, Nicole Prause wakhala akunena mosalekeza kuti Prause et al., 2015 ndi "kafukufuku wamkulu kwambiri wa ubongo wokhudza chizolowezi cha zolaula yemwe adachitikapo". Tiyenera kudziwa kuti poyerekeza ndi maphunziro a kusanthula ubongo, maphunziro a EEG ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri pa mutu uliwonse. N'zosavuta kusonkhanitsa gulu lalikulu la anthu "okonda zolaula" ngati simukuwunika anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi cha zolaula kapena vuto lililonse loletsa (mavuto amisala, zizolowezi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi zina zotero). Mavuto angapo ndi zomwe Prause akunena:

  1. Si kafukufuku wokhudza zolaula ngati alibe zolaula. Phunziroli, ndi maphunziro a 2 akale a Prause (Prause et al., 2013 & Steele ndi al., 2013), sanawone ngati nkhani zilizonse zowonongeka kapena ayi. Pemphero limavomerezedwa mu zokambirana kuti nkhani zambiri zinalibe zovuta kulamulira ntchito: sizinali zovuta. Zonsezi zikanayenera kuti zatsimikiziridwa kuti zolaula zimadwalitsa kuti zilolere kuyerekezera kovomerezeka ndi gulu la anthu osakhala olaula. Kuphatikiza apo maphunziro a Prause anachita osati zojambula pazithunzi za matenda a m'maganizo, zizoloŵezi zopanikizika, kapena zoledzeretsa zina. Zinayi mwa zilango khumi zomwe awunikiridwa kuti awonetse zolakwika izi: 2, 3, 4, 8.
  2. "HPA axis kuchepa kwa amuna omwe ali ndi vuto la hypersexual" (2015) itha kuonedwa ngati kafukufuku wamkulu wokhudzana ndi ma neuroscience mpaka pano pa "ma hypersexourse" (omwe ali ndi maphunziro a 67 ochiritsira chizolowezi chogonana, poyerekeza ndi maphunziro a Prause a 55 omwe adakwiya chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula). Kafukufukuyu adayesa momwe ubongo umayankhira kupsinjika poyesa kutulutsa kwa mahomoni ndi ubongo (ACTH), ndi mahomoni olamulidwa ndi ubongo (cortisol). Pomwe kafukufukuyu adasindikizidwa miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake Prause et al., 2015, Nicole Prause akupitiriza kunena kuti maphunziro ake a EEG ndi aakulu kwambiri.
  3. Maonekedwe a Ubongo ndi Kuyanjana Mogwirizana Ogwirizana ndi Zithunzi Zolaula Ntchito: Ubongo pa Porn (2014) - Itha kuonedwa kuti ndi yayikulu kuposa Prause et al., 2015, chifukwa inali ndi maphunziro 64, ndipo onse adayang'anitsitsa mosamala zinthu zakupatula monga zosokoneza bongo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe, komanso zovuta zamankhwala & zamitsempha. 3 Prause Study sanachite izi.

Simungathe "Kugonana Ndi Zolaula" Ngati Omvera Anu Sangokhala Osokoneza Bongo

Maphunziro Atatu Opempherera ( Prause et al. , 2013 , Prause et al. , 2015 , Steele et al. , 2013. ) onse anali ndi mitu yomweyi . Nazi zomwe tikudziwa zokhudza "ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika" mu maphunziro atatu a Prause ("Prause Studies"): Sanali oledzera kwenikweni, chifukwa sanayesedwepo kuti ali ndi chizolowezi choonera zolaula. Chifukwa chake, sangagwiritsidwe ntchito movomerezeka "kunama" chilichonse chokhudzana ndi mtundu wa chizolowezi. Monga gulu adachotsedwa chidwi kapena kuzolowera zolaula za vanilla, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zanenedweratu za mtundu wa chizolowezi. Izi ndi zomwe kafukufuku aliyense adanenapo za anthu "oledzera zolaula":

  1. Prause et al., 2013: "Ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula" adanenanso zakusungulumwa komanso zosokoneza pakuwona zolaula za vanila.
  2. Steele et al., 2013: Anthu omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chochuluka-kuchitanso zolaula anali Zochepa chilakolako chogonana ndi mnzanu, koma osati zofuna zodzikweza.
  3. Prause et al., 2015: "Ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula" anali nawo Zochepa kugwiritsira ntchito ubongo kuti ziwononge zithunzi za vilonda zolaula. Mavesi a m'munsi a EEG amatanthauza kuti "zolaula" nkhani sizingasamalire zithunzizo.

Otsatira omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi amafunsidwa kapena amazoloŵera kuonera zolaula, ndipo iwo omwe ali ndi chizoloŵezi cholaula zolaula amakonda kugonana mosasangalatsa kusiyana ndi kugonana ndi munthu weniweni. Mwachidule iwo anali osowa mtendere (chiwonetsero chofala cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo) ndipo ankakonda kukakamiza zochitika zowonjezera zachilengedwe (kugonana pakati pawo). Palibe njira yowatanthauzira zotsatira izi monga kunamizira zolaula.

Musalakwitse, Steele et al. , 2013 kapena Prause et al ., 2015 adafotokoza anthu 55 awa ngati anthu omwe amamwa zolaula kapena ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso. Anthu omwe adamwa zolaula adangovomereza kuti "amavutika maganizo" ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zawo. Potsimikizira kusakanikirana kwa anthu omwe adamwa mankhwalawa, Prause adavomereza mu kuyankhulana kwa 2013 kuti ena mwa anthu 55 omwe adamwa mankhwalawa adakumana ndi mavuto ang'onoang'ono okha (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sanali anthu omwe amamwa zolaula):

"Kafukufukuyu anaphatikizapo anthu okhawo omwe adanena za mavuto, kuyambira mavuto ang'onoang'ono mpaka ovuta, omwe amawongolera momwe amaonera zinthu zogonana."

Kupatula kusatsimikiza kuti ndi ndani mwa anthu omwe anali ndi vuto la zolaula, Prause Studies sanafufuze anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amisala, machitidwe okakamiza, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena zizolowezi zina . Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pa "kafukufuku waubongo" uliwonse wokhudza chizolowezi, kuti chisokonezo chisapange zotsatira zopanda tanthauzo.

Mwachidule, maphunziro a 3 Prause sankawone ngati nkhanizo zinali zolaula kapena ayi. Olembawo anavomereza kuti nkhani zambiri zinalibe zovuta kulamulira ntchito. Zonsezi zikanayenera kuti zatsimikiziridwa kuti zolaula zimadwalitsa kuti zilolere kuyerekezera kovomerezeka ndi gulu la anthu osakhala olaula.

Mu Pemphero la 2013 Anati Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ubongo Wochepa Kungasonyeze Kuzoloŵera Kapena Kuledzeretsa

Mwawerenga molondola. Pembedzero la 2015 la "debunking zolaula" likuyimira zomwe adafufuza mu 2013 ponena za "debunking zolaula."

Mu kafukufuku wake wa 2013 EEG ndi positi yake yokhudzana ndi blog , Prause akuvomereza kuti kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya ubongo kungasonyeze kuti munthu ali ndi chizolowezi kapena chizolowezi, koma adati anthu omwe adamugwiritsa ntchito sanawonetse kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya ubongo. Komabe, izi sizinali zomveka monga tafotokozera apa . Analibe gulu lolamulira, kotero sakanatha kuyerekeza kuwerenga kwa "okonda zolaula" EEG ndi kuwerenga kwa "osakonda zolaula". Zotsatira zake, kafukufuku wake wa 2013 sanatiuze chilichonse chokhudza kuwerenga kwa EEG kwa anthu athanzi kapena "okonda kugonana kwambiri."

Pomaliza, mu 2015 adawonjezera mitu yowongolera ndipo adafalitsa kafukufuku wachiwiri. Ndithudi, mitu yake ya "zolaula" idawonetsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya ubongo poyerekeza ndi zolaula - monga momwe zimayembekezeredwa mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe ali ndi chizolowezi kapena chizolowezi. Popanda mantha ndi zomwe adapeza zomwe zidasokoneza lingaliro lake la 2013, iye molimba mtima, komanso popanda maziko aliwonse mu sayansi, adati zomwe adapeza zidakonza - zomwe zinali zogwirizana ndi kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi - "zinathetsa chizolowezi cha zolaula." Ndipo iyi ndiye mfundo yolankhulirana yomwe nkhanizi zimalumikizana nayo, popanda chithandizo china kupatula zomwe Prause akunena zopanda maziko.

Tiyeni tibwerere mmbuyo ndikuyang'ana kwambiri maganizo a Prause kuchokera mu kafukufuku wake wa 2013 ( Steele et al .):

"Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana akhoza kusonyeza kusiyana kwakukulu kwa P300 amplitude pakati pa zolimbikitsa kugonana ndi zolimbikitsa zosalowerera ndale chifukwa cha mphamvu ndi zomwe zili mumtima mwa zolimbikitsazo. Kapenanso, kusiyana pang'ono kwa P300 amplitude kungayesedwe chifukwa chozoloŵera VSS. "

Mu 2013, Pulezidenti ananena kuti zolaula zimakhala zovuta, poyerekeza ndi zolamulira, zikhoza kusonyeza:

  1. Apamwamba Malembo a EEG chifukwa choyang'ana-kuyanjanitsa ku zithunzi, kapena
  2. m'munsi Kuwerenga kwa EEG chifukwa cha kuonera zolaula (VSS).

Miyezi isanu isanatulutsidwe kafukufuku wake wa EEG wa 2013, Prause ndi David Ley adagwirizana kuti alembe positi iyi ya blog ya Psychology Today yokhudza kafukufuku wake wa 2013 womwe ukubwera (ndi zomwe sizikugwirizana nazo). M'menemo amavomereza kuti " kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi " kungasonyeze kuti munthu ali ndi chizolowezi kapena alibe chidziwitso:

"Koma, pamene ma EEG anaperekedwa kwa anthuwa, pamene ankaona zinthu zokopa chilakolako cha kugonana, zotsatira zake zinali zodabwitsa, ndipo sizinagwirizane konse ndi chiphunzitso cha chizolowezi chogonana. Ngati kuonera zolaula kunali chizolowezi (kapena kufooketsa umunthu), monga momwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo alili, ndiye kuti kuonera zolaula kukanakhala ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zochepa muubongo . Ndipotu, mu zotsatira izi, panalibe yankho lotere. M'malo mwake, onse omwe adachita nawo kafukufukuyu adawonetsa mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi ku zithunzi zokopa zomwe adawonetsedwa, monga momwe ubongo wa "anthu abwinobwino" ...

Kotero, tili ndi Prause ya 2013 yonena kuti "kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi" kungasonyeze chizolowezi kapena kutaya mphamvu. Komabe, pambuyo pake, mu 2015, pamene Prause anawonjezera zowongolera kuti ayerekezere ndikupeza umboni wa kuchepa mphamvu (kofala mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi), anatiuza kuti "kuchepa mphamvu zamagetsi" akutsutsa chizolowezi cha zolaula. Eti?

M'zaka ziwiri zomwe zinamutengera Prause kuyerekeza deta yake yofanana ndi gulu lolamulira, adachita flip-flop yonse. Mu 2015, adati umboni wa desensitivity womwe adapeza pamene adawonjezera gulu lolamulira si umboni wa chizolowezi (chomwe adanena mu 2013 chikanakhala). M'malo mwake, umboni wa desensitivity tsopano (mwamatsenga) "ukutsutsa chizolowezi" (ngakhale kuti chikugwirizana bwino ndi chizolowezi). Izi sizikugwirizana komanso sizogwirizana ndi sayansi, ndipo zikusonyeza kuti mosasamala kanthu za zomwe zapezeka, nthawi zonse amanena kuti ali ndi "chizolowezi chosadziwika."

Nanga Bwanji Ziphunzitso za Ubongo Zomwe Zimapangitsa Munthu Kugonana ndi Zolaula?

Palibe. Mosakayikira, gulu la Prause et al . linanena molimba mtima kuti linanamiza chitsanzo cha chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula ndi ndime imodzi yotengedwa kuchokera mu "kalata yopita kwa mkonzi" ya 2016. Kwenikweni kalata ya Prause sinanamizire chilichonse, monga momwe ndemanga yayikulu iyi ikuvumbulira: Kalata yopita kwa mkonzi "Prause et al. (2015) zabodza zaposachedwa za maulosi okhudzana ndi chizolowezi" (2016) . Mwachidule, palibe maphunziro omwe "amanamizira chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula." Tsambali likulemba maphunziro onse omwe akuwunika kapangidwe ka ubongo ndi momwe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti amagwirira ntchito. Mpaka pano, kafukufuku aliyense amapereka chithandizo cha chitsanzo cha chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula (kuphatikiza maphunziro awiri a Prause omwe angokambirana kumene). Komabe, nthawi iliyonse nkhani yomwe ikunena kuti ikuwonetsa chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula ikatchula kafukufuku, ndikuyembekeza kuti mupeza imodzi mwa maphunziro ake awiri a EEG, kapena "ndemanga" yosayang'anira ya Prause, Ley ndi Finn. Nayi njira yosavuta yowagwiritsa ntchito:

  1. Chilakolako cha kugonana, osati chiwerewere, chikugwirizana ndi mauthenga okhudza matenda opatsirana pogonana Opangidwa ndi Zithunzi Zogonana (Steele et al., 2013)
  2. Kusinthasintha kwa Zomwe Zidzakhala Zosangalatsa Zomwe Zitha Kuchitika Zopangira Zithunzi Zogonana mu Vuto Ogwiritsa Ntchito ndi Machitidwe Osagwirizana ndi "Kuledzera Kwambiri" (Prause et al., 2015)
  3. Emperor Alibe Zovala: Kubwereza Mtundu wa 'Zolaula', wolemba David Ley, Nicole Prause & Peter Finn (Ley et al., 2014)

Wophunzira wa ku Kinsey Institute, Nicole Prause, ndiye wolemba wamkulu pa maphunziro 1 ndi 2, ndipo ndiye wolemba wachiwiri pa pepala #3. Tawona kale pamwambapa kuti phunziro #2 (Prause et al. , 2015 ) limapereka chithandizo ku chitsanzo cha chizolowezi chogonana ndi anthu o ...

Chokhacho chomwe chapezeka mu kafukufukuyu chinali chakuti anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chachikulu choonera zolaula anali ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana ndi mnzawo (koma osati chilakolako chochepa chogonana ndi zolaula). Mwanjira ina, anthu omwe ali ndi ubongo wochita zinthu zambiri komanso zilakolako zogonana amakonda kugonana ndi zolaula kusiyana ndi kugonana ndi munthu weniweni. Izi ndi zachilendo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zoipa, osati anthu athanzi.

Wolankhulira kafukufukuyu Nicole Prause adati ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri anali ndi chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana, koma zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zimanena zosiyana kwambiri. Monga momwe Valerie Voon (ndi akatswiri ena 10 a sayansi ya ubongo) adafotokozera , zomwe Prause adapeza mu 2013 zokhudzana ndi kuyanjana kwakukulu ndi zolaula limodzi ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana ndi okondedwa enieni zikugwirizana ndi kafukufuku wawo wa 2014 wofufuza ubongo pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula. Mwachidule, zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufuku wa 2013 EEG sizikugwirizana ndi mitu yankhani yosathandizidwa ya "kutsutsa". Mapepala 8 omwe adawunikidwa ndi anzawo akuwonetsa chowonadi chokhudza kafukufuku wakale wa gulu la Prause: Ndemanga zowunikidwa ndi anzawo za Steele et al. , 2013. (Onaninso ndemanga yayikulu ya YBOP iyi.)

Monga chowonjezera, kafukufuku yemweyu wa mu 2013 adanenanso za kuchuluka kwa ma EEG (P300) pamene anthu adawonetsedwa zithunzi zolaula. Kafukufuku nthawi zonse akuwonetsa kuti P300 yokwera imachitika pamene anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli akuwonetsedwa zizindikiro (monga zithunzi) zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chawo. Kupeza kumeneku kumathandizira chitsanzo cha chizolowezi chogonana, monga momwe mapepala omwe adawunikidwa pamwambapa adafotokozera komanso pulofesa wa zamaganizo John A. Johnson adanenera mu ndemanga pansi pa kuyankhulana kwa Psychology Today mu 2013 :

" Maganizo anga akadali odabwitsa ponena kuti ubongo wa anthu omwe amamugwiritsa ntchito sunayankhe zithunzi zogonana monga momwe ubongo wa anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo umayankhira mankhwala awo, popeza iye amanena kuti zithunzi zogonana zimawerengedwa kwambiri ndi P300. Mofanana ndi anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amasonyeza kuchuluka kwa P300 akapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amawakonda. Kodi angaganize bwanji kuti ndi zosiyana ndi zotsatira zenizeni? "

Dr. Johnson, yemwe alibe maganizo pa nkhani yokhudza kugonana kapena chizolowezi chogonana, adapereka ndemanga kachiwiri pansi pa kuyankhulana kwa Prause :

Mustanski akufunsa, "Cholinga cha phunziroli chinali chiani?" Ndipo Prause akuyankha, "Kuphunzira kwathu kunayesa ngati anthu omwe amafotokoza mavutowa [akuthetsa vuto lawo loyang'ana pa Intaneti] amaoneka ngati ena omwe amalephera kuchoka ku ubongo wawo ku zithunzi za kugonana."

Koma kafukufukuyu sanayerekezere zolemba za ubongo kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto owongolera momwe amaonera zolaula pa intaneti ndi zolemba za ubongo kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso zolemba za ubongo kuchokera kwa gulu lolamulira anthu omwe si osokoneza bongo , zomwe zikanakhala njira yodziwikiratu ngati mayankho a ubongo kuchokera kwa gulu lomwe lili ndi mavuto akufanana ndi mayankho a ubongo a anthu omwe ali ndi vuto kapena omwe si osokoneza bongo…..

Kupatula pazambiri zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi atolankhani, ndizosokoneza kuti kafukufuku wa Prause wa 2013 EGG adapereka kuwunikanso anzawo, popeza adakumana ndi zolakwika zazikulu:

  1. nkhani zinali osagwirizana (amuna, akazi, osagonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha);
  2. nkhani zinali osayang'aniridwa ndi matenda kapena matenda oledzera;
  3. kuphunzira kunali palibe gulu lolamulira poyerekezera;
  4. mayankho anali sivomerezedwe chifukwa cha zizolowezi zolaula.

Pepala lachitatu lomwe latchulidwa pamwambapa si phunziro konse. M'malo mwake, likuwoneka ngati "kuwunikira mabuku" kopanda tsankho pa chizolowezi cha zolaula ndi zotsatira zake. Palibe chomwe chingakhale chosiyana ndi chowonadi. Wolemba wamkulu, David Ley, ndiye wolemba buku lakuti The Myth of Sex Addiction ndipo Nicole Prause ndiye wolemba wachiwiri. Ley & Prause sanangogwirizana kuti alembe pepala #3, komanso adagwirizana kuti alembe positi ya blog ya Psychology Today yokhudza pepala #1. Positi ya blogyi idawonekera miyezi 5 pepala la Prause lisanasindikizidwe mwalamulo (kotero palibe amene angatsutse). Mwina mwawonapo positi ya blog ya Ley yokhala ndi mutu wokopa kwambiri: " Ubongo Wanu pa Zolaula - SI Woledzera" . Ley amakana mwachangu zonse zogonana komanso chizolowezi cha zolaula. Walemba zolemba pafupifupi 20 za blog zomwe zikutsutsa ma forum obwezeretsa zolaula, ndikuchotsa chizolowezi cha zolaula ndi ED yoyambitsidwa ndi zolaula. Si wasayansi, koma m'malo mwake ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo, ndipo monga Prause sagwira ntchito ku yunivesite iliyonse kapena bungwe lofufuza. Werengani zambiri za Ley & Prause ndi mgwirizano wawo pano.

Izi ndi kusanthula kwakutali kwambiri kwa pepala #3, komwe kumapita mzere ndi mzere, kuwonetsa zinthu zonse zomwe Ley & Prause adaphatikiza mu "ndemanga" yawo: The Emperor Has No Clothes: A Fractured Fairytale Posing As A Review. Zimachotsa kwathunthu zomwe zimatchedwa ndemanga, ndipo zimalemba zolakwika zambirimbiri za kafukufuku yemwe adatchula. Mbali yodabwitsa kwambiri ya ndemanga ya Ley ndikuti idasiya maphunziro ONSE ambiri omwe adanenanso za zotsatira zoyipa zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kapena adapeza chizolowezi chogonana!

Inde, mwawerenga bwino zimenezo. Ngakhale kuti ankanena kuti akulemba ndemanga "yolinga", Ley & Prause anavomereza kuti asapeze maphunziro ambirimbiri chifukwa chakuti awa anali maphunziro okhudza ubale. Mukuganiza chiyani? Pafupifupi maphunziro onse okhudza zolaula ndi okhudzana, ngakhale omwe adatchula, kapena omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika. Pali, ndipo pafupifupi, maphunziro okhudza ubale okha, chifukwa ofufuza alibe njira yotsimikizira chifukwa chake poyerekeza ogwiritsa ntchito ndi "anamwali a zolaula" kapena poletsa anthu kuti asawone zolaula kwa nthawi yayitali kuti ayerekeze zotsatira zake. (Komabe, anyamata ambirimbiri akusiya zolaula mwaufulu m'mabwalo osiyanasiyana, ndipo zotsatira zawo zikusonyeza kuti kuchotsa zolaula pa intaneti ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa zizindikiro zawo ndi kuchira kwawo.)

Kukonda Kwachilengedwe ndi Kusamvana Kwa Chidwi

Sizikudziwika kuti wofufuza wovomerezeka amanena kuti kafukufuku wawo wokhawokha watsutsa lingaliro lothandizidwa ndi maphunziro ambiri a mitsempha ndi kafukufuku wofunikira kwa zaka makumi ambiri . Komanso, ndi wofufuza wovomerezeka uti amene angapereke uthenga nthawi zonse pa Twitter kuti pepala lawo lokhalo latsutsa chizolowezi cha zolaula? Ndi wofufuza wovomerezeka uti amene angaukire anyamata omwe amayendetsa ma forum obwezeretsa zolaula? Ndi wofufuza wovomerezeka uti wokhudza kugonana amene angakakamize mwamphamvu (komanso mwankhanza) kutsutsa lingaliro la 60 (makondomu mu zolaula) ? Ndi wofufuza wovomerezeka uti wokhudza kugonana amene angajambule chithunzi chake (kumanja) pa kapeti wofiira wa mwambo wopereka mphoto wa X-Rated Critics Organisation (XRCO), akugwirana manja ndi nyenyezi zolaula ndi opanga? (Malinga ndi Wikipedia, Mphotho za XRCO zimaperekedwa ndi American X-Rated Critics Organisation chaka chilichonse kwa anthu ogwira ntchito zosangalatsa za akuluakulu ndipo ndi chiwonetsero chokhacho cha mphoto za akuluakulu chomwe chimasungidwa kwa mamembala amakampani okha . [1] ) Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza ubale wapamtima wa Prause ndi makampani opanga zolaula, onani: Kodi Nicole Prause Amakhudzidwa ndi Makampani Owonetsa Zolaula?

Chikuchitika ndi chiani apa? Mofanana pang'ono Tsambali limalembedwa kumapeto kwa madzi oundana okhudzana ndi kuzunzidwa kwa a Prause ndi cyberstalking wa aliyense yemwe akuwonetsa zolaula angayambitse vuto. Mwa kuvomereza kwake, amakana maganizo a zolaula. Mwachitsanzo, ndemanga yochokera posachedwapa Nkhani ya Martin Daubney za kugonana / zolaula:

Dr Nicole Prause, wofufuza wamkulu ku Sexual Psychophysiology and Affective Neuroscience (Span) Laboratory ku Los Angeles, amadzitcha "wotsutsa waluso" za chizolowezi chogonana.

Kuphatikiza apo, mawu akale a Nicole Prause pa Twitter akusonyeza kuti mwina alibe tsankho lofunikira pa kafukufuku wa sayansi:

"Kuphunzira chifukwa chake anthu amasankha kuchita zachiwerewere popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo"

Zosintha pamutu wa twitter wa Nicole Prause:

  1. UCLA sanayambitsenso mgwirizano wa Prause. Sanalembedwe ntchito ndi yunivesite iliyonse kuyambira koyambirira kwa 2015.
  2. Mu October, 2015 Akaunti yoyamba ya Twitter ya a Prause amayimitsidwa kwathunthu chifukwa chomazunza.

Ngakhale nkhani zambiri zikupitiriza kufotokoza za Prause ngati wofufuza wa UCLA, sanagwire ntchito ku yunivesite iliyonse kuyambira pachiyambi cha 2015. Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti Prause wodabwitsayo adapereka (monga ndalama) umboni wake wa "katswiri" wotsutsa chizolowezi chogonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana. Zikuwoneka ngati Prause akuyesera kugulitsa ntchito zake kuti apindule ndi mfundo zosavomerezeka zotsutsana ndi chizolowezi chogonana kuchokera ku maphunziro ake awiri a EEG ( 1 , 2 ), ngakhale kuti kusanthula 18 komwe kunawunikidwa ndi anzawo kumati maphunziro onsewa amathandizira mtundu wa chizolowezi!

Amalipidwa ndi makampani opanga zolaula. Pamkangano wowonekeratu wazachuma, David Ley akulipidwa ndi kampani yayikulu yamakampani opanga zolaula ya X-hamster kuti akweze mawebusayiti awo ndikutsimikizira ogwiritsa ntchito kuti chizolowezi chogonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana ndi nthano! Makamaka, David Ley ndi Sexual Health Alliance (SHA) yomwe yangopangidwa kumene agwirizana ndi tsamba la X-Hamster (Strip-Chat). Onani "Stripchat ikugwirizana ndi Sexual Health Alliance kuti igwire ubongo wanu wodera nkhawa womwe umayang'ana kwambiri zolaula ":

Bungwe lolangiza la Sexual Health Alliance (SHA) lomwe likuyamba kumene likuphatikizapo David Ley ndi "akatswiri" ena awiri a RealYourBrainOnPorn.com (Justin Lehmiller ndi Chris Donahue). RealYBOP ndi gulu la "akatswiri" odzitcha okha omwe amachirikiza zolaula , omwe amatsogozedwa ndi Nicole Prause . Gululi pakadali pano likuchita zinthu zosaloledwa zophwanya malamulo a malonda ndi kugwirira anthu m'nyumba zawo zomwe zikuyang'ana ku YBOP yovomerezeka. Mwachidule, omwe akuyesera kuletsa YBOP akulipidwanso ndi makampani opanga zolaula kuti akweze mabizinesi awo, ndikutsimikizira ogwiritsa ntchito kuti mawebusayiti a zolaula ndi makamera sayambitsa mavuto (dziwani: Nicole Prause ali ndi ubale wapagulu ndi makampani opanga zolaula monga momwe zalembedwera patsamba lino ).

Munkhaniyi , Ley akutsutsa kutsatsa kwake kolipira makampani opanga zolaula :

N’zoona kuti akatswiri azaumoyo wogonana omwe amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti amakumana ndi mavuto ena, makamaka kwa iwo omwe akufuna kudzionetsa ngati osakondera. “Ndimayembekezera kuti [olimbikitsa zolaula] onse azifuula kuti, ‘O, taonani, onani, David Ley akugwira ntchito yokhudza zolaula,’” akutero Ley, yemwe dzina lake limatchulidwa kawirikawiri m’madera oletsa kugonana monga NoFap.

Koma ngakhale ntchito yake ndi Stripchat mosakayikira imamupatsa chakudya kwa wina aliyense wofunitsitsa kuti amulembe ngati wakondera kapena mthumba la malo oonera zolaula, a Ley, malonda amenewo ndi oyenera. "Ngati tikufuna kuthandiza [oonera zolaula], tiyenera kupita kwa iwo," akutero. "Umu ndi momwe timachitira izi."

Kodi wasankha? Ley akutikumbutsa za madokotala otchuka a fodya , ndi Sexual health Alliance, Tobacco Institute.

Kuphatikiza apo, David Ley akulipidwa kuti achotse zolaula ndi chizolowezi chogonana. Kumapeto kwa positi iyi ya blog ya Psychology Today, Ley akuti:

Kuulura: David Ley wapereka umboni pamilandu yokhudza milandu yomwe imakhudzana ndi zachiwerewere. "

Mu 2019 tsamba latsopano la David Ley linapereka ntchito zake zabwino zoti "zitsutse" :

David J. Ley, Ph.D., ndi katswiri wazamisala komanso woyang'anira wotsimikizika wa AASECT wokhudza zachiwerewere, ku Albuquerque, NM. Wapereka umboni waukatswiri komanso umboni wazamalamulo milandu ingapo kuzungulira United States. A Dr. Ley amadziwika kuti ndi akatswiri pazachinyengo zabodza zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere, ndipo adatsimikizika ngati mboni waluso pamutuwu. Iye wachitira umboni m'makhothi aboma ndi feduro.

Lumikizanani naye kuti mupeze ndandanda yake yolipira ndi kukonza nthawi yoti mukambirane za chidwi chanu.

Ley amapindulanso pogulitsa mabuku awiri omwe amakana kugonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana (“ The Myth of Sex Addiction ,” 2012 ndi “ Ethical Porn for Dicks, ” 2016). Pornhub (yomwe ndi ya kampani yayikulu ya zolaula ya MindGeek) ndi imodzi mwa mabuku asanu omwe Ley adalemba mu 2016 okhudza zolaula:

Chidziwitso: PornHub inali akaunti yachiwiri ya Twitter kubwereza tweet yoyamba ya RealYBOP yolengeza tsamba lake la "akatswiri", zomwe zikusonyeza kuti PornHub ndi akatswiri a RealYBOP agwirizana . Zodabwitsa!

Pomaliza, David Ley amapeza ndalama kudzera mu masemina a CEU , komwe amalimbikitsa malingaliro a anthu okana kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali m'mabuku ake awiri (omwe mosasamala amanyalanyaza maphunziro ambiri ndi kufunika kwa matenda atsopano a Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder mu buku lothandizira la World Health Organization). Ley akulipidwa chifukwa cha zokambirana zake zambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa malingaliro ake olakwika pa zolaula. Mu chiwonetserochi cha 2019, Ley akuwoneka kuti akuchirikiza ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa achinyamata: Kupanga Kugonana Kwabwino ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Mwanzeru mwa Achinyamata.

Zomwe zili pamwambapa ndi nsonga chabe ya Ice ndi Ley.

Kusokoneza Mfundo Zoyankhula za Naysayers

Ngati mukufuna kutsutsa mwachangu zomwe anthu otsutsa amanena kuti "athetsa chizolowezi choonera zolaula," onerani kanema wa Gabe Deem: MFUNDO ZA PORN - Chowonadi Chakumayambiriro kwa Kuledzera Ndi Mavuto Okhudzana ndi Kugonana.

Nkhani zotsatirazi zikutchula kafukufuku wambiri, kupereka zitsanzo zophiphiritsira, ndi mfundo zomveka bwino zowonongeka pofuna kuthetsa zizoloŵezi zowononga zolaula zowonongeka.

Gawoli likusonkhanitsa maphunziro okhudza YBOP ndi ena omwe ali ndi kukayikira - Maphunziro Okayikitsa & Osocheretsa. Mu ena, njira iyi imabweretsa nkhawa. Mu ena, mfundozo zikuwoneka kuti sizikugwirizana mokwanira. Mu ena, mutu kapena mawu omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito ndi osocheretsa poganizira zotsatira zenizeni za kafukufuku. Ena amalakwitsa kwambiri zomwe zapezeka.

Nthenda yonse ya Neuroscience imathandizira kuonongeka kwauchiwerewere

Pansipa pali maphunziro onse omwe akuwunika kapangidwe ka ubongo ndi momwe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti amagwirira ntchito (ngakhale omwe akunena kuti adathetsa chizolowezi cha zolaula). Mpaka pano kafukufuku aliyense amapereka chithandizo cha chitsanzo cha chizolowezi cha zolaula. Zotsatira za maphunziro 53 awa ( ndi maphunziro omwe akubwera ) zikugwirizana ndi maphunziro a ubongo opitilira 370 okhudzana ndi chizolowezi cha intaneti , ambiri mwa iwo akuphatikizaponso kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti. Mpaka pano kafukufuku aliyense amapereka chithandizo cha chitsanzo cha chizolowezi cha zolaula ( palibe maphunziro omwe amanama za chitsanzo cha chizolowezi cha zolaula ), monga momwe zilili ndi ndemanga 29 zaposachedwa zochokera ku sayansi ya ubongo za mabuku awa :

  1. Katswiri wa sayansi ya zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti: Kukonzanso ndi Kuonjezera (2015). Ndemangayi ikuwunikanso maphunziro awiri aposachedwa a EEG omwe akutenga mutu womwe umati ndi "osokoneza" zolaula.
  2. Kulimbana ndi Kugonana monga Matenda: Umboni Wowunika, Kuzindikira, ndi Kuyankha kwa Otsutsa (2015), yomwe imapereka tchati yomwe imakhala ndi zifukwa zina zomwe zimatsutsana nazo.
  3. Nthenda ya Neurobiology ya Kugonana Kwachinyengo: Sayansi Yoyambira (2016) Chidule: "Chifukwa cha zochitika zina pakati pa CSB ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, njira zowonjezereka zowonjezereka zingakhale ndi lonjezo kwa CSB, motero zimapereka chidziwitso ku kafukufuku wotsatira pofuna kufufuza zomwe zingatheke mwachindunji. "
  4. Kodi khalidwe lachiwerewere liyenera kuonedwa kuti ndiledwe? (2016) Chidule: "Zomwe zikupezeka pakati pa CSB ndi zovuta zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Machitidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma neurotransmitter atha kuthandizira CSB ndi zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo kafukufuku waposachedwa wa neuroimaging akuwonetsa kufanana komwe kumakhudzana ndikukhumba komanso chidwi. Mankhwala oterewa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito CSB komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo "
  5. Mavuto Okhudza Kusayirira Maganizo (2016). Chidule: "Kuphatikizidwa pamodzi, zikuoneka kuti umboniwu umatanthauza kuti kusintha kwapadera, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, septum, ndi ubongo zomwe zimapanga mphoto zimathandiza kwambiri pa chiwerewere. Kafukufuku wa mafupa ndi njira za njira zachipatala zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa zimasonyeza kuti dopaminergic imagwira ntchito."
  6. Mchitidwe Wogonana Wokakamiza Monga Mchitidwe Wosokoneza Bongo: Zotsatira za intaneti ndi Zina Zina (2016)  Zowonjezera: "Kulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu kumafunika pa zida za intaneti monga izi zingathandize kuti anthu azigonana.” ndi “Umboni wa zachipatala kuchokera kwa omwe amathandiza ndi kuchitira anthu oterewa ayenera kupatsidwa ulemu waukulu ndi gulu la maganizo. "
  7. Kugonana kwa pa Intaneti (2015) Zowonjezera: M'nkhani zam'mbuyo zatsopano, kugwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti pa Intaneti kumatengedwa ngati mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. SKafukufuku wamakono akufufuzira kufanana pakati pa kugwiritsira ntchito machitidwe ozunguza bongo ndi machitidwe ena osokoneza bongo, monga kusewera kwa intaneti. Kukonzekera-kukwaniritsa ndi kukhumba kumaonedwa kuti kumachita mbali yaikulu pa kugonana kwa kugonana ndi kugonana. Maphunziro a Neuroimaging amachirikiza kuganiza kwa zochitika zogwirizana pakati pa kugonana kwa ma cybersex ndi zina zoledzera komanso kukhala wodalirika.
  8. Kufufuzira momveka bwino m'madzi a matope: Zotsatira zamtsogolo zotsatsa khalidwe lachiwerewere ngati choledzeretsa (2016) - Zolemba: Posachedwapa tafufuza umboni wosiyanitsa khalidwe lachiwerewere (CSB) monga chizoloŵezi chosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kupenda kwathu kunapeza kuti CSB inagwirizana ndi matenda, neurobiological ndi zozizwitsa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi vuto la kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. Ngakhale kuti American Psychiatric Association inakana matenda a hypersexual kuchokera ku DSM-5, matenda a CSB (kugonana kwambiri) akhoza kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ICD-10. CSB ikuganiziranso ndi ICD-11.
  9. Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ogonana? Kubwereza ndi Zipatala zapadera (2016) - Kuwunika kwakukulu kwa mabuku okhudzana ndi zolaula zomwe zimayambitsa zolaula. Kuphatikiza madotolo a Navy aku US, kuwunikaku kumapereka zidziwitso zaposachedwa zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwuka kwakukulu pamavuto achinyamata achinyamata. Imawunikiranso maphunziro amitsempha okhudzana ndi zolaula komanso zolaula kudzera pa intaneti. Madotolo amapereka malipoti azachipatala a 3 azamuna omwe adayamba zolaula zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zogonana.
  10. Kuphatikiza mfundo za maganizo ndi zokhudzana ndi ubongo zokhudzana ndi chitukuko ndi kukonzanso mavuto ena ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti: Kuyanjanitsa kwa Munthu-Kuzindikira-Kutengera chitsanzo (2016) - Kuwunika njira zothandizira ndikukonzekera mavuto ena ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti, kuphatikizapo "Internet-pornography-viewing disorder". Olemba amanena kuti kuonera zolaula (ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mowa mwauchidakwa) kumatchulidwa ngati vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndikuikidwa ndi zizoloŵezi zina zowonongeka pogwiritsa ntchito matenda osokoneza bongo.
  11. Kugonana kwachiwerewere chaputala kuchokera ku Neurobiology of Addictions, Oxford Press (2016) - Ndemanga: Timayang'anitsitsa chifukwa cha chizoloŵezi cha ubongo, kuphatikizapo chizoloŵezi chachilengedwe kapena kukakamizidwa, ndikukambirana momwe izi zikukhudzira kumvetsa kwathu tsopano za kugonana monga mphotho yachilengedwe yomwe ingakhale yogwira ntchito "yosamvetseka" pamoyo wa munthu.
  12. Katswiri wa Sayansi Akuyandikira Kuonera Zolaula pa Intaneti (2017) - Ndemanga: Zaka makumi awiri zapitazo, maphunziro angapo omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu a sayansi, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti afufuze zithunzi za zithunzi zolaula pansi pa zochitika zowonongeka ndipo zithunzi zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa cha zotsatira zammbuyo, kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula mochuluka kungagwirizane ndi njira zodziŵika bwino za sayansi ya ubongo zomwe zimayambitsa kulumikiza kwa mankhwala oledzera.
  13. Kodi kugonana koopsa kwambiri ndi matenda osokoneza bongo? (2017) - Zolemba: Kafufuzidwe ka matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azichita zachiwerewere amachititsa kuti anthu asamangokhalira kugonana, athandizidwe, komanso kuti asinthe maganizo awo.. Timakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero cha matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana monga matenda ozunguza bongo akugwirizana ndi deta yam'tsogolo ndipo akhoza kuthandiza madokotala, ochita kafukufuku, komanso anthu omwe akuvutika ndi matendawa.
  14. Umboni wa Pudding Ndi Wotsekemera: Deta Ndizofunika Kuyesera Zitsanzo ndi Malingaliro Okhudzana ndi Kugonana Kwachinyengo (2018) - Zolemba: Zina mwa maudindo omwe angasonyeze kuti kufanana pakati pa CSB ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndi maphunziro okhudza ubongo, ndi maphunziro angapo aposachedwapa omwe sanathenso ndi Walton et al. (2017). Kafukufuku woyambirira nthawi zambiri amayesa CSB pokhudzana ndi mitundu ya zosokoneza bongo (zowunikidwa ku Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016b; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016b).
  15. Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro, magawo, chithandizo, ndi ndondomeko za ndondomeko Ndemanga pa: Kukhumudwa kwa khalidwe la kugonana mu ICD-11 (Kraus et al., 2018) - Zolemba: Zomwe zikuchitika pakusintha matenda a CSB monga vuto lakutetezera ndizovuta monga zitsanzo zina zomwe zasankhidwa (Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013). Pali deta yosonyeza kuti CSB imagawana zinthu zambiri ndi zizolowezi zoledzera (Kraus et al., 2016), kuphatikizapo deta zam'tsogolo zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwonjezereka kwa machitidwe a ubongo okhudzana ndi mphoto poyankhidwa ndi zovuta zowononga (Mtundu, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Voon et al., 2014.
  16. Mchitidwe Wogonana Wosakanikirana ndi Anthu Ndiponso Zitsanzo Zogonana (2018) - Zolemba: Khalidwe lachiwerewere lachiwerewere (CSB) likuwoneka kuti ndi "khalidwe loledzera," ndipo ndilo vuto lalikulu kwa moyo wa umoyo komanso thanzi labwino. Pomalizira, ndemangayi inafotokozera mwachidule maphunziro ndi zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu pa CSB komanso kusokonezeka ndi mavuto ena, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pamodzi, kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti CSB imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kogwiritsidwa ntchito kogwiritsidwa ntchito kogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amygdala, striatum, ndi thalamus, kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa kugwirizana pakati pa amygdala ndi prefrontal cortex.
  17. Mavuto Ogonana pa Intaneti Nthawi (2018) - Ndemanga: Pakati pa zizoloŵezi zoipa, kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti molakwika ndi kuwonetsa zolaula pa Intaneti zimatchulidwa kuti zingakhale zovuta zowononga kugonana, nthawi zambiri popanda malire enieni pakati pa zochitika ziwirizi. Ogwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti amakopeka ndi zolaula pa intaneti chifukwa cha kudziwika kwake, kukwanitsa, ndi kukwaniritsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kungapangitse owerenga kugwiritsa ntchito chizoloŵezi cha kugonana ndi anthu pa Intaneti: M'mabuku amenewa, ogwiritsa ntchito amaiwala kwambiri "kusintha" kwa kugonana, kupeza chisangalalo chochulukira pa zosankha zofuna kugonana zofuna kugonana kusiyana ndi kugonana.
  18. Njira zokhudzana ndi kugonana mwachisawawa (2018) - Ndemanga: Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wochuluka wokhudzana ndi chiwerewere wakhala akupereka njira zowonongeka zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu azigonana komanso asamadwale. Mchitidwe wogonana mwachinyengo umagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa ntchito m'madera a ubongo ndi magulu okhudzidwa ndi kuwalimbikitsa, kuzoloŵera, kusokoneza maganizo, ndi kupindula mphoto muzochitika ngati zinthu, kutchova juga, ndi zizoloŵezi zosewera. Zigawo zazikulu za ubongo zogwirizana ndi zigawo za CSB zikuphatikizapo ma cortices oyang'anizana ndi am'mbuyo, amygdala, ndi striatum, kuphatikizapo nucleus accumbens.
  19. Kumvetsetsa Kwambiri za Khalidwe Lopanda Nzeru za Kugonana Kwachidakwa ndi Zovuta Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito - Ndemanga: Kafukufuku wam'mbuyo posachedwapa wavumbula kuti kugonana kosayenera kumagwirizanitsa ndi kusintha kwa kugonana ndi kusiyana kwa ubongo ndi ntchito. Ngakhale kuti maphunziro ofufuza a khungu la CSBD akhala akuchitidwa mpaka pano, deta yomwe ilipo imasonyeza kuti vuto la nthenda ya sayansi limagwirizana nawo ndi zina zowonjezera monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi kutchova njuga. Motero, deta yomwe ilipo ikusonyeza kuti zigawo zake zingakhale zoyenera monga chizolowezi chogonana m'malo mwa vuto lodziletsa.
  20. Ventral Striatal Kuchita Zowonongeka M'zochita Zogonana Zogonana (2018) - Ndemanga: Pakati pa maphunziro omwe alipo, tinapeza mabuku asanu ndi anayi (Table 1) yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito maginito opanga masomphenya. Zinayi zokha (36-39) adafufuzidwa mosamalitsa kutsata ndondomeko zowonongeka ndi / kapena mphotho ndipo adawonetsa zotsatira zokhudzana ndi ventral striatum activations. Kafukufuku katatu akuwonetsa kuwonjezereka kwa chiwopsezo chogonjetsa kuti chikhale choyambitsa chisokonezo (36-39) kapena kutchula zowonongeka (36-39). Zotsatirazi zikugwirizana ndi Mfundo Yotsitsimula (IST) (28), imodzi mwa machitidwe otchuka kwambiri kufotokozera ubongo kugwira ntchito moledzeretsa.
  21. Kugonjetsa Kwachinyamata pa Intaneti: Zimene Timadziwa ndi Zimene Sitikuzidziwa-Kusanthula Kwambiri (2019) - Ndemanga: Monga momwe tikudziwira, kafukufuku wina wam'mbuyomu akuthandizira gululi kukhala chidakwa ndi mawonetseredwe ofunikira ofunikira monga kusokonezeka kwa kugonana ndi kusakhutira kwa kugonana. Ntchito zambiri zomwe zikupezekapo zimachokera ku kafukufuku wofanana ndi wochitidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro owonetsa zithunzi zolaula monga "supranormal stimulus" mofanana ndi chinthu chenichenicho chomwe, kupyolera mukudya, chingayambitse matenda osokoneza bongo.
  22. Zochitika ndi chitukuko cha kuwonetsa zolaula pa intaneti: zifukwa zomwe munthu angagwiritsidwe nazo, kulimbitsa njira ndi njira zodzikongoletsera (2019) - Ndemanga: Kuonera zolaula kwanthawi yaitali kwachititsa kuti anthu oterewa adziwe zolaula zowononga zolaula, zomwe zachititsa kuti zikhale zolakalaka kwambiri, kugwiritsira ntchito zithunzi zolaula pa Intaneti pazifukwa ziwiri zomwe zimayesedwa ndi kuwonongeka. Lingaliro la kukhutira komwe linapindulidwa kuchokera kwa ilo likufooka ndi lofooka, kotero zolaula zambiri pa intaneti zikufunikira kuti zikhale ndi maganizo oyamba m'maganizo ndi kukhala oledzera.
  23. Malingaliro, kupewa, ndi kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo (2019) - Ndemanga: Mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta, aphatikizidwa ku ICD-11 ngati chisokonezo cholamulira chisokonezo. Njira zodziwitsira za matendawa, komabe, ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka chifukwa cha zizolowezi…
  24. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Zazovuta - Ndemanga: Kugwiritsa ntchito mwazovuta zolaula kumawoneka ngati kogwirizana ndi magawo angapo osanthula ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana munyama. Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka mkati mwa RDoC paradigm zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, ndizotheka kupanga mawonekedwe ogwirizana omwe magawo osiyanasiyana a kusanthula amakhudzana wina ndi mzake (mkuyu. 1). Kusintha kwamachitidwe amkati ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi SPPPU ndiwofanana ndi zomwe zimawonedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zosokoneza bongo, ndi mapu okhala mitundu yazosokoneza.
  25. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a cybersex: kuwunikira mwachidule za chitukuko ndi chithandizo cha matenda omwe akungochitika kumene (2020) - Zolemba: CKuledzera kwa ybersex ndichizolowezi chosagwirizana ndi zinthu zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugonana pa intaneti. Masiku ano, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi kugonana kapena zolaula zimapezeka mosavuta kudzera pa intaneti. Ku Indonesia, zogonana nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi zolaula koma achinyamata ambiri amakhala ndi zolaula. Zimatha kuyambitsa chizolowezi chokhala ndi zovuta zambiri pa ogwiritsa ntchito, monga maubale, ndalama, komanso mavuto amisala monga nkhawa yayikulu komanso nkhawa.
  26. Ndi Zinthu Ziti Zomwe Tiyenera Kuziwona Monga Zovuta M'gulu Lapadziko Lonse La Matenda (ICD-11) Kutchulidwa kwa "Zovuta Zina Zina Zotchulidwa Chifukwa Cha Zovuta Zowonjezera"? (2020) - Zolemba: Zambiri zodziwonetsa nokha, zomwe zimachitika, ma electrophysiological, ndi maphunziro a neuroimaging zimawonetsa zochitika zamaganizidwe am'munsi komanso zosakanikirana za neural zomwe zafufuzidwa ndikukhazikitsidwa madigiri osiyanasiyana amisala yosokoneza bongo ndi zovuta zamtundu wa masewera (gawo 3). Makhalidwe omwe adawonetsedwa m'maphunziro am'mbuyomu amaphatikizanso kukonzekera komanso kukhumba komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi zochitika zambiri mu ubongo zokhudzana ndi mphotho, kusamala kwatsoka, kupanga zisankho zosasangalatsa, komanso (zoyipa).
  27. Chizolowezi Chomwe Amachita Pazokakamiza Kugonana Ndi Zovuta Zogwiritsa Ntchito Paintaneti: Kubwereza - Zolemba: Zotsatira zomwe zapezeka zikusonyeza kuti pali zinthu zingapo za CSBD ndi POPU zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zizolowezi zosokoneza bongo, ndikuti njira zothandizira pakulimbana ndi zizolowezi zamankhwala osokoneza bongo zimafunikira kulingalira zakusintha ndikugwiritsa ntchito pothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi CSBD ndi POPU…. Nthenda ya neurobiology ya POPU ndi CSBD imakhudza maulalo angapo omwe amagawana za neuroanatomical omwe ali ndi zovuta zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, njira zofananira zamankhwala am'mitsempha, komanso zosintha zama neurophysiological mu dongosolo la mphotho ya dopamine.
  28. Makhalidwe ogonana osakwanira: tanthauzo, zochitika zamankhwala, mbiri ya neurobiological ndi chithandizo (2020) - Zolemba: Zizolowezi zolaula, ngakhale ndizosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogonana, zimakhalabe zizolowezi zachiwerewere… .Kuimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi kwa zizolowezi zolaula kumabweretsa mavuto m'maganizo, chisangalalo, komanso kukondana komanso kugonana ... .Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mozama kumathandizira kuyambika kwamalingaliro zovuta ndi zovuta zamaubwenzi…
  29. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kuphatikizidwa pamiyeso yokhudzana ndi zovuta zakugonana? (2020) - Zolemba: Gulu la CSBD ngati vuto lowongolera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azilingalira. … Kafukufuku wowonjezerapo atha kuthandiza kuwunika mtundu woyenera wa CSBD monga zidachitikira ndi vuto la kutchova juga, kusinthidwa kuchokera pagulu lazovuta zakuwongolera zomwe sizikuyenda kapena zosokoneza mu DSM-5 ndi ICD-11. … Kutengeka mtima sikungatithandizire kukhala ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito zolaula monga ena afotokozera (Bőthe et al., 2019).
  30. Kupanga zisankho mu Kutchova Juga, Zovuta Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito, ndi Binge-Eating Disorder: Zofanana ndi Kusiyana (2021) - Zolemba: Zofanana pakati pa CSBD ndi zosokoneza bongo zafotokozedwa, ndikulephera kuwongolera, kugwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza ngakhale zitakhala zovuta, komanso zizolowezi zosankha zowopsa zitha kugawidwa (37••, 40). Anthu omwe ali ndi zovuta izi nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kuwongolera kuzindikira komanso kupanga zisankho zoyipa [12, 15,16,17]. Zofooka pakupanga zisankho komanso kuphunzira mozindikira zolinga zapezeka pamavuto osiyanasiyana.

Onani Maphunziro Okayikitsa & Osocheretsa kuti mupeze mapepala ofalitsidwa kwambiri omwe si omwe amanena kuti ndi omwewo.

Onani tsamba ili kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza maphunziro okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana komanso kuchepetsa kukhutira ndi kugonana

"Maphunziro aubongo" (fMRI, MRI, EEG, Neuro-endocrine):

  1. Maonekedwe a Ubongo ndi Kuyanjana Mogwirizana Ogwirizana ndi Zithunzi Zolaula Ntchito: Ubongo pa Porn (2014) - Kafukufukuyu wa Max Planck Institute fMRI adapeza zochepa kwambiri mu mphotho (dorsal striatum) yolumikizana ndi kuchuluka kwa zolaula zomwe zidadyedwa. Inapezanso kuti zolaula zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mphotho yocheperako poyang'ana poyang'ana mwachidule zithunzi zachiwerewere. Ofufuzawo amakhulupirira kuti zomwe apeza zikuwonetsa kukhumudwa, ndipo mwina kulolerana, chomwe ndichofunikira kukakamiza kwambiri kuti chikwaniritse chimodzimodzi. Kafukufukuyu adanenanso kuti kuwonera zolaula kumalumikizidwa ndi kulumikizana kosauka pakati pa dera lamalipiro ndi preortal cortex.
  2. Neural Correlates of Reactivity Cac Reactivity Mwa Anthu omwe ali ndi popanda popanda chilakolako chogonana (2014) - Woyamba pamndandanda wamaphunziro a Yunivesite ya Cambridge adapeza machitidwe omwewo muubongo monga amawonera omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso zidakwa. Zidapezanso kuti anthu omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula amafanana ndi zomwe amafuna "kuposa", koma osati kukonda "izo" kwambiri. Ofufuzawo ananenanso kuti maphunziro a 60% (azaka zapakati: 25) anali ndi zovuta kukwaniritsa zosokoneza / kudzutsa ndi anzawo enieni, komabe amatha kukwaniritsa zolaula.
  3. Kupititsa patsogolo Zosowa Zogonana Mogwirizana ndi Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Ngongole Zopondereza (2014) - Kafukufuku wachiwiri ku Cambridge University. Chidule: "Zomwe tapeza pazokomera chidwi ... zikuwonetsa kuthekera kokulumikizana ndi chidwi chomwe chimapezeka pakuwunika kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo pamavuto osokoneza bongo. Zotsatirazi zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zachitika posachedwapa za neural reactivity kwa zilakolako za kugonana mwa [zolaula] mu intaneti monga ofanana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kupereka chithandizo cholimbikitsana malingaliro okhudzana ndi chizoloŵezi chogonjetsa chilakolako chogonana ku [ zolaula]."
  4. Zachilendo, Zochitika ndi Zosamala Zogonana Pogonana (2015) - Kafukufuku wina wa Cambridge University fMRI. Poyerekeza ndi owonera zolaula amakonda zikhalidwe zogonana komanso zolaula zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zolaula. Komabe, ubongo wa zolaula umakonda kuzolowera zithunzi zachiwerewere. Popeza kukonda zachilendo sikunalipo kale, zolaula zimayambitsa kufunafuna zachilendo pofuna kuthana ndi chizolowezi komanso kutaya mtima.
  5. Zogwiritsa Ntchito Neural za Chilakolako cha Kugonana Mwa Anthu Amene Ali ndi Matenda Oopsa a Hypersexual (2015) - Kafukufuku waku Korea fMRI amabwereza maphunziro ena aubongo pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Monga momwe University ya Cambridge imafufuzira idapeza zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azichita zachiwerewere zomwe zimafanana ndi omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mogwirizana ndi maphunziro angapo aku Germany zidapeza zosintha mu preortalal cortex yomwe ikufanana ndi kusintha komwe kumachitika mwa omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Chomwe chatsopano ndichakuti zomwe zapezazi zikugwirizana ndendende ndi makina oyambilira omwe amapezeka mwa omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Kuzindikira kwakukulu-kuyambiranso zithunzi zachiwerewere, komabe kulepheretsa kuyankha kuzinthu zina zachilendo.
  6. Chilakolako cha kugonana, osati chiwerewere, chikugwirizana ndi mauthenga okhudza kugonana kwapakati pa zochitika zogonana (2013) - Kafukufukuyu wa EEG adapangidwa m'ma TV monga umboni wotsutsa kuwonetsa zolaula / kugonana. Osati choncho. Steele et al. 2013 kwenikweni imapereka chithandizo kuti pakhale zochitika zolaula ndi zolaula zimagwiritsa ntchito malamulo oletsa kugonana. Mwanjira yanji? Phunzirolo linalemba mawerengedwe apamwamba a EEG (zosiyana ndi zithunzi zosaloŵerera) pamene nkhanizo zinkawonekera mwachidule ku zithunzi zolaula. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti P300 yakwezeka imachitika pamene anthu oledzera amawonekera (monga mafano) okhudzana ndi chizoloŵezi chawo. Mogwirizana ndi Ubongo wa University of Cambridge umaphunzirira maphunziro, phunziro la EEG komanso analongosola zochitika zowonjezereka zokhudzana ndi zolaula zomwe zikugwirizana ndi chilakolako chogonana. Kufotokozera njira ina - anthu omwe ali ndi ubongo wambiri kuwonetsa zolaula amalowerera zolaula kuposa kugonana ndi munthu weniweni. Chodabwitsa, woyankhulana Chithunzi cha Nicole adanena kuti anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amangokhala ndi "libido," komabe zotsatira za phunzirolo zimati zosiyana kwambiri (chilakolako cha phunziro la kugonana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi chinali kusiya kugonana kwawo). Pamodzi izi Steele et al. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa zochitika zazikulu muubongo (zithunzi zolaula), koma zocheperako poyerekeza ndi mphotho zachilengedwe (kugonana ndi munthu). Kulimbikitsa ndi kukhumudwitsa, zomwe ndizizindikiro zakusuta. Mapepala asanu ndi atatu owunikiridwa ndi anzawo amafotokoza izi: Zolemba zotsatiridwa ndi anzawo Steele et al., 2013. Onaninso izi YBOP yochuluka imatsutsa.
  7. Kusinthasintha kwa Zomwe Zidzakhala Zotheka Posachedwa ndi Zithunzi Zogonana mu Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mavuto ndi Zowongolera Zosagwirizana ndi "Zovuta Zolaula" (2015) - Kafukufuku wina wa SPAN Lab EEG (brain-wave) poyerekeza maphunziro a 2013 kuchokera kuphunzira pamwambapa kupita ku gulu lenileni lolamulira (komabe lidakumana ndi zolakwika zomwezo pamwambapa). Zotsatira: poyerekeza ndi zowongolera "anthu omwe akukumana ndi zovuta zowonera zolaula" anali nazo m'munsi Ubongo umayankha mphindi imodzi yakuwonetsa zithunzi zolaula za vanila. Wolemba wamkulu, a Nicole Prause, akuti izi ndi "zosokoneza bongo". Ndi wasayansi wovomerezeka anganene kuti kafukufuku wawo yekhayo yemwe adachita zolakwika wasokoneza munda wonse wophunzira? Zoonadi, zomwe zapeza Prause et al. 2015 iyanjana bwino ndi Kühn & Gallinat (2014), yomwe idapeza kuti zolaula zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa ubongo poyankha zithunzi za zolaula za vanila. Zotsatira za Prause zikugwirizananso ndi Banca et al. 2015 lomwe liri #4 mndandanda uwu. Komanso, maphunziro ena a EEG adapeza kuti zolaula zambiri mwa amayi zimayenderana ndi zochepa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ubongo uzichita zolaula. Kuwerenga kotsika kwa EEG kumatanthauza kuti maphunziro sanatengere chidwi ndi zithunzi. Mwachidule, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula nthawi zambiri sanasangalale ndi zithunzi zolaula za vanila. Iwo anali otopetsa (ozolowera kapena osakhudzidwa). Onani izi YBOP yochuluka imatsutsa. Mapepala khumi obwereza anzawo amavomereza kuti kafukufukuyu adapeza kupsinjika / malo okhala mwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi (zogwirizana ndi chizolowezi): Masalimo a Prause et al., 2015
  8. Kuphatikizidwa kwa HPA pakati pa amuna omwe ali ndi matenda a hypersexual (2015) - Kafukufuku wokhala ndi amuna omwe ali ndi vuto logonana 67 komanso zowongolera zaka 39. Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis ndiye wosewera wamkulu pakuthana ndi nkhawa. Zizolowezi kusintha kusintha kwa ubongo m'madera ozungulira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale majekesi osayenera a HPA. Phunziroli ponena za kugwiritsira ntchito kugonana (kugonana) limapeza kusintha kwa mayankho omwe amasonyeza kuledzeretsa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
  9. Udindo wa Neuroinflammation mu Pathophysiology ya Hypersexual Disorder (2016) - Kafukufukuyu adanenanso kuti kufalikira kwa Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) kumakhala kovuta kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kuwongolera koyenera. Kuchuluka kwa TNF (chizindikiro cha kutupa) kwapezekanso mwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso nyama zomwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo (mowa, heroin, meth). Panali kulumikizana kwakukulu pakati pa milingo ya TNF ndi masikelo owerengera oyesa kugonana.
  10. Methylation ya HPA Axis Zobadwa Zina mwa Amuna Ndi Hypersexual Disorder (2017) - Izi ndizotsatira za #8 pamwambapa omwe anapeza kuti kugwiritsira ntchito kugonana kuli ndi mavuto osokoneza bongo - chinthu chachikulu cha neuro-endocrine chosinthika chifukwa cha kuledzera. Kafukufuku wamakono anapeza kusintha kwa epigenetic pazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a anthu komanso kuwonongera kwambiri. Ndi kusintha kwa epigenetic, Mndandanda wa DNA sukusinthika (monga zimachitikira ndi kusintha). M'malomwake, jini ndilo ndipo mawu ake akukwera kapena pansi (kanema yaifupi yomwe ikufotokoza epigenetics). Kusintha kwa epigenetic komwe kunachitika mu phunziro lino kunapangitsa kuti kusintha kwa CRF ntchito. CRF ndi khunyu ndi mahomoni zomwe zimayambitsa makhalidwe oipa monga zokhumba, ndipo ndi mtsogoleri wamkulu mu zizindikiro zambiri za kuchotsedwa zomwe zakhudzana nazo katundu ndi zizoloŵezi zamakhalidwekuphatikizapo zolaula.
  11. Khalidwe lachiwerewere loperekera: Prefrontal ndi limbic volume ndi kugwirizana (2016) - Poyerekeza ndi zowongolera zathanzi za CSB (zolaula) zidakwera kuchuluka kwa amygdala ndikuchepetsa kulumikizana kwantchito pakati pa amygdala ndi dorsolateral pre mbeleal cortex DLPFC. Kuchepetsa kulumikizana kwantchito pakati pa amygdala ndi preortalal cortex yolumikizana ndi zosokoneza bongo. Amaganiziridwa kuti kulumikizana kosauka kumachepetsa mphamvu ya preortalal cortex pazomwe wogwiritsa ntchito akuchita zosokoneza. Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti kuwopsa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumatha kubweretsa kuzinthu zochepa ndipo motero kumachepetsa amygdala voliyumu ya omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Amygdala imagwiranso ntchito nthawi zonse pakuwonera zolaula, makamaka mukamayamba kugonana. Mwina nthawi zonse kugonana zachilendo komanso kusaka ndi kufunafuna zimabweretsa tanthauzo lapadera pa amygdala mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Kapenanso, zaka zolaula komanso zovuta zoyipa ndizovuta kwambiri - ndipo cKusokonezeka maganizo kwaumunthu kumagwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka amygdala volume. Phunzirani #8 pamwambapa adapeza kuti "omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula" amakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri. Kodi kupanikizika kosalekeza kamene kanakhudzana ndi kuwononga zolaula / kugonana, pamodzi ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kugonana mosiyana, zimayambitsa amygdala volume?
  12. Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula Zingakhale Zosintha? Phunziro la FMRI la Anthu Akufuna Chithandizo cha Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito (2017) - Zolemba: Amuna omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zolaula (popanda kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosasamala) (PPU) amasiyana mosiyana ndi maonekedwe a ubongo pofuna kutchula zithunzi zolaula, koma osati mmaganizo a zithunzi zolaula okha, mogwirizana ndi chilimbikitso cha zizoloŵezi zoledzeretsa. Kukonzekera kwa ubongo uku kunaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa khalidwe kuti muwone zithunzi zolaula (zapamwamba 'zofuna'). Vuto loyambanso kugwiritsira ntchito vesili pofuna kufotokozera zithunzi zolimbitsa thupi zinali zofanana kwambiri ndi kuopsa kwa PPU, kuchuluka kwa zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa sabata ndi chiwerengero cha maliseche. Zomwe tapeza zimasonyeza kuti monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi kutchova njuga kumayambitsa njira zodzikakamiza ndi khalidwe labwino zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chidziwitso cha ntchito zomwe zimagwira ntchito zimakhudza zofunika kwambiri ku PPU. Zomwe zapezazi zikusonyeza kuti PPU ikhoza kuwonetsa khalidwe lachiwerewere komanso kuti njira zothandizira kuwongolera khalidwe labwino ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo zogwirizana ndi kusintha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kuthandiza amuna omwe ali ndi PPU.
  13. Kusintha kwa Okhutira ndi Neural Kulumikizana M'maganizo Omwe Ali ndi Khalidwe Lochita Zachiwerewere (2016) - Kafukufuku waku Germany fMRI wofotokozera zazikulu ziwiri kuchokera Voon et al., 2014 ndi Kuhn & Gallinat 2014. Zotsatira Zazikulu: Ma neural correlates okhutira ndi kulumikizana kwa neural adasinthidwa mgulu la CSB. Malinga ndi ofufuzawo, kusintha koyamba - kukulitsa kutsegulira kwa amygdala - kumatha kuwonetsa kukhazikitsidwa kosavuta ("kulumikizana" kwakukulu pamalingaliro omwe sanalowerere ndale akuneneratu za zolaula). Kusintha kwachiwiri - kuchepa kwamalumikizidwe pakati pa ventral striatum ndi preortal cortex - itha kukhala chodetsa cholephera kuthana ndi zikhumbo. Ofufuzawo anati, "[Kusintha] uku kukugwirizana ndi maphunziro ena kufufuza za neural correlates za matenda osokoneza bongo ndi zovuta kuchepetsa kuchepetsa. ” Zotsatira zakuthandizira kwakukulu kwa amygdalar ku cues (kulimbikitsa) ndipo adachepetsa kugwirizanitsa pakati pa malo opatsa malipiro ndi prefrontal cortex (chinyengo) ndi awiri mwa kusintha kwakukulu kwamaubongo komwe kumawoneka pakumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kuphatikiza apo, 3 mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula a 20 adadwala "orgasmic-erection disorder".
  14. Kukhwimitsa kugwilitsila ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi osapereka mankhwala (2016) - Kafukufuku ku Yunivesite ya Cambridge poyerekeza zomwe zimachitika pakumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, omwe amadya mowa mwauchidakwa, makanema osokoneza bongo komanso osokoneza bongo (CSB). Zolemba: Masewera a CSB anali mofulumira pakuphunzira kuchokera ku mphotho mu gawo lopezapo poyerekeza ndi odzipereka omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino ndipo amakhala otha kupitirizabe kapena kupitirizabe kutaya kapena kupambana mu chiwongoladzanja. Zotsatirazi zikugwirizana ndi zomwe tafufuza kale kuti tipeze zofuna zokhudzana ndi kugonana kapena zotsatira zachuma, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti kulimbikitsidwa kwapadera (Banca et al., 2016).
  15. Kodi zolaula zingayambe kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo? Kufufuza kwa fMRI kwa amuna ofuna chithandizo cha zolaula kumagwiritsa ntchito (2017) - Zolemba: Amuna omwe ali ndi mavuto osokoneza bongo (PPU) amasiyana ndi maonekedwe a ubongo kuti amvetse zithunzi zokhudzana ndi zachiwerewere, koma osati momwe amachitira zithunzi zolaula okha, mogwirizana ndi chilimbikitso cha zizoloŵezi zoledzeretsa. Kukonzekera kwa ubongo uku kunaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa khalidwe kuti muwone zithunzi zolaula (zapamwamba 'zofuna'). Vuto loyambanso kugwiritsira ntchito vesili pofuna kufotokozera zithunzi zolimbitsa thupi zinali zofanana kwambiri ndi kuopsa kwa PPU, kuchuluka kwa zolaula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa sabata ndi chiwerengero cha maliseche. Zomwe tapeza zimasonyeza kuti monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi kutchova njuga kumayambitsa njira zodzikakamiza ndi khalidwe labwino zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chidziwitso cha ntchito zomwe zimagwira ntchito zimakhudza zofunika kwambiri ku PPU. Zomwe zapezazi zikusonyeza kuti PPU ikhoza kuwonetsa khalidwe lachiwerewere komanso kuti njira zothandizira kuwongolera khalidwe labwino ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo zogwirizana ndi kusintha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kuthandiza amuna omwe ali ndi PPU.
  16. Njira Zozindikira ndi Zopanda Kumvetsetsa: Kodi Zimathetsa Nthawi Zambiri Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito? (2017) - Kafukufuku wowunika mayankho a ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula (kuwerengera kwa EEG & Kuyankha Kwakuyamba) kuzithunzi zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakopa chidwi - kuphatikiza zochitika. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kusiyana kwamitsempha pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi komanso ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi. Chidule: Zakafukufuku zikusonyeza kuti ntchito yowonongeka yowonongeka ikuwoneka kukhala ndi mphamvu pa ubongo wosadziŵa mayankho ku zokopa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisamasonyezedwe ndi kudziwonetsera koyera.
  17. Kufufuza koyambirira za makhalidwe osokoneza bongo ndi khalidwe lachisokonezo la chiwerewere (2009) - Makamaka ogwiritsira ntchito chiwerewere. Kafukufuku amafotokoza zamakhalidwe osakakamira pantchito ya Go-NoGo mwa anthu ogonana (ma hypersexourse) poyerekeza ndi omwe akutenga nawo mbali. Zofufuza zamaubongo zidawonetsa kuti omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zachiwerewere anali ndi vuto loyipa kwambiri. Izi zikugwirizana ndi kusadzikonda, chizindikiro chodziletsa.
  18. Kuonera Zolaula Zowonongeka Zochokera ku Neurophysiological Computational Approach (2018) - Kafukufuku wa EEG akufotokoza kusiyana kosiyana kwa mausokonezedwe pakati pa zolaula ndi osakhala achidakwa. Zapadera kwambiri kuti anthu owerengeka a zaka anali 14.
  19. Kusokonekera kwa zinthu zazikulu ndikusintha kugwirizana kwa boma mu grey yapamwamba pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lachiwerewere (2018) - kuphunzira kwa fMRI. Chidule:… Kafukufuku adawonetsa zoperewera zakumaso ndikusintha kwakulumikizana kogwira ntchito kwakanthawi kwakanthawi pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi PHB (omwe ali ndi vuto logonana). Chofunika koposa, kuchepa kwa kapangidwe kake ndi magwiridwe antchito cKusagwirizana kunali kosiyana kwambiri ndi kulemera kwa PHB. Zotsatirazi zimapereka chidziwitso chatsopano pa njira zowonongeka za mpweya wa PHB.
  20. Zosintha za Prefrontal ndi Zochepa Parietal Activity Pa Ntchito ya Stroop mwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Vuto la Kusokonezeka kwa Hypersexual (Seok & Sohn, 2018) - [Woyang'anira wamkulu wosauka- magwiridwe antchito a PFC. Chidule: Zomwe tapeza zikusonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi PHB adachepetsanso mphamvu zowonongeka komanso zovuta kugwira ntchito mu DLPFC yoyenera komanso chitetezo chochepa cha parietal, kupereka maziko a neural kwa PHB.
  21. Hypermethylation -okhudzana ndi kukomoka kwa microRNA-4456 mu hypersexual disc ndi chiwonetsero chokwanira pa kusaina kwa oxytocin: Kuwunika kwa methylation ya DNA ya majini a miRNA (2019) - Phunzirani pamaphunziro omwe ali ndi vuto laukadaulo (zolaula / kugonana). Kusintha kwa epigenetic kunachitika m'mitundu yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi oxytocin dongosolo (lofunikira mu chikondi, kulumikizana, kukondera, kupsinjika, kuchita zogonana, ndi zina).
  22. Makulidwe amtundu wamakulidwe amasiyana pakukhudzidwa kwamphamvu ndi zovuta zamavuto (Draps neri Al., 2020) - Zolemba: Anthu omwe akhudzidwa ndi vuto lakugonana (CSBD), vuto la kutchova juga (GD), komanso vuto la kumwa mowa (AUD) poyerekeza ndi zowongolera zidawonetsa ma GMV ang'onoang'ono kumtunda wakumanzere, makamaka mu kotekisi ya orbitofrontal kotekisi ... GMV mu anterior cingate gyrus wakumanja… Zomwe tapezazi zikusonyeza kufanana pakati pa zovuta zakuchepetsa kuwongolera ndi zosokoneza.
  23. Testosterone Yabwinobwino koma Luteinizing Hormone Plasma Yambiri mwa Amuna Omwe Ali Ndi Hypersexual Disorder (2020) - Zolemba: Njira zomwe zikuphatikizidwazo zikuphatikiza kulumikizana kwa HPA ndi HPG, mphoto neural network, kapena kuletsa kwamalamulo kukakamiza zigawo za preortal cortex.32 Pomaliza, timapereka lipoti kwa nthawi yoyamba kuchuluka kwamapazi a LH mwa abambo okhathamiritsa poyerekeza ndi odzipereka athanzi. Zotsatira zoyambirira izi zimathandizira kukulitsa mabuku pakukhudzidwa kwa machitidwe a neuroendocrine ndi kusokoneza kwa HD.
  24. Miyezo Ya Plasma Oxetocin Yambiri mwa Amuna Omwe Ali Ndi Hypersexual Disorder (2020) - Zolemba: Zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa dongosolo la oxytonergic dongosolo mwa odwala amuna omwe ali ndi vuto losokoneza bongo lomwe lingakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yolumikizira kupanikizika kwa nkhawa. Chithandizo chopambana cha gulu la CBT chitha kukhala ndi mphamvu pa hyperactive oxytonergic system.
  25. Kuwongolera ndikuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti - Udindo wofunikira woyang'anira (2020) - Zolemba: Zotsatira zakulekerera ndi zochitika zina zitha kufotokozera bwino kuwongolera kosalekeza kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chizindikiritso chapamwamba chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa njira yamalingaliro ndi yowunikira. Kuwongolera kuwongolera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa IP mwina kumadza chifukwa cha kulumikizana pakati pamagetsi okakamiza, owonetsa, komanso olankhula.
  26. Zida zakugonana zimasintha magwiridwe ogwirira ntchito ndikuwongolera ubongo kwa amuna omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe champhamvu chokakamira (2020) Zowonjezera: Zotsatirazi zikugwirizana ndi malingaliro olimbikitsira kusuta, makamaka kulumikizidwa kwakukulu pantchito yolumikizana ndi ma insence network ndi chovala chofunikira monga chinsinsi chachikulu komanso zochitika zapamwamba kwambiri pakukonza zithunzi zolaula kutengera zakumwa zolaula zaposachedwa.
  27. Mtengo woyipa wa zoyeserera zakugonana zimalembedwa mokhazikika mwa anthu komanso mu orbitofrontal cortex (2020) - Zolemba: Sitinangopeza chiyanjano cha NAcc ndi zochitika zokhala ndi malingaliro okondweretsa pakugonana pa VSS koma mphamvu ya mayanjanoyi idakulirapo pamene nkhaniyi idanenanso za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta kwambiri (PPU). Zotsatira zake zimathandizira chidwi, chomwe chimapangitsa kuyankha kwamphamvu mu NAcc ndikuwoneka kusiyanitsa pakati pa zokonda zosiyana, zomwe zimachitika PPU. 
  28. Ma Neuroscience a Kuyankhulana Kwathanzi: Kuwunika kwa fNIRS kwa Prefrontal Cortex ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula mwa Akazi Achichepere Pachitukuko cha Mapulogalamu a Zaumoyo (2020) - Zolemba: Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti kuwonera kopanira zolaula (vs. clip clip) kumapangitsa kuyambitsa kwa Brodmann kudera la 45 la hemisphere yolondola. Zotsatira zimawonekeranso pakati pamlingo wodzilembera nokha ndikukhazikitsa kwa BA 45 yoyenera: kukwezeka kwakudzinenera kuti ndikomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito, kukulitsa kuyambitsa. Kumbali inayi, omwe adatenga nawo gawo omwe sanagwiritse ntchito zolaula sakuwonetsa zochitika za BA 45 yoyenera poyerekeza ndi clip clip (kuwonetsa kusiyana pakati pa osagwiritsa ntchito ndi ogula. Zotsatira izi ndizogwirizana ndi kafukufuku wina yemwe adachitika kumunda za zizolowezi.
  29. Zochitika zokhudzana ndi zochitika zosankha ziwiri zosamvetseka zosokoneza bongo pakati pa amuna omwe ali ndi vuto lokonda kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti (2020) - Zolemba: Zopeka, zotsatira zathu zikuwonetsa kuti chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti chikufanana ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuwongolera kuwongolera chifukwa chothamangitsidwa pamagetsi azamagetsi komanso machitidwe. Zomwe tapeza zitha kuyambitsa kutsutsana kosalekeza kwakuti kuthekera kwa chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti ngati mtundu wachidziwitso cha matenda amisala.
  30. Zolemba zoyera zazinthu zazing'onoting'ono komanso zovuta kuchita zogonana - Kafukufuku Woyeserera Woyeserera (2020) - Zolemba: Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazofufuza zoyambirira za DTI zowunika kusiyana pakati pa odwala omwe ali ndi zovuta zogonana zogonana komanso kuwongolera koyenera. Kusanthula kwathu kwaulula kuchepa kwa FA m'magawo asanu ndi amodzi aubongo m'mitu ya CSBD, poyerekeza ndi zowongolera. Zambiri zathu za DTI zikuwonetsa kuti ma neural correlates a CSBD amalumikizana ndi zigawo zomwe zidanenedwapo kale m'mabuku monga zokhudzana nazo, kuledzera ndi OCD.

Maphunziro omwe ali pamwambawa ndi "maphunziro a ubongo" onse omwe amafalitsidwa (kapena m'manyuzipepala) pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti.

Phunziro limodzi la maphunziro a ubongo lopezeka:

  1. Ubongo waukulu wa 3 woledzera umasintha: kulimbikitsa, deensitizationndipo chinyengo.
  2. Zithunzi zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zosauka mu deraal striatum).
  3. Zithunzi zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zochepetsera mphindi zowonongeka kwa dera pamene mukuwona mwachidule zithunzi za kugonana.
  4. Zithunzi zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusokoneza maukwati a neural pakati pa mphotho ya mphoto ndi makina operekera.
  5. Addicts anali ndi ntchito yoyenera kugonana, koma zochepetsetsa ubongo kuti zikhale zovuta (zimayenderana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo).
  6. 60% ya zolaula zomwe zidawasokoneza mu kafukufuku wina adakumana ndi ED kapena otsika kwambiri ndi anzawo, koma osati ndi zolaula: onse adanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kumayambitsa ED / low libido.
  7. Kupititsa patsogolo chisokonezo yofanana ndi ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Amasonyeza kutengeka (mankhwala a DeltaFosb).
  8. Kufuna kwambiri & kulakalaka zolaula, koma osakukondani kwambiri. Izi zikugwirizana ndi mtundu wovomerezeka wa chizolowezi - kulimbikitsana.
  9. Zizoloŵezi zoipa zimakonda kwambiri zachiwerewere koma ubongo wawo umakhala mofulumira kwa zithunzi zachiwerewere. Osatipo kale.
  10. Achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula amachitanso chidwi kwambiri ndi zomwe zimachitika m'zipatala.
  11. EEG yapamwamba (P300) imawerengedwa pamene ogwiritsira ntchito zolaula amadziwika ndi zolaula (zomwe zimachitika mu zovuta zina).
  12. Zopanda zofuna kugonana ndi munthu amene akugwirizana ndi chidziwitso chochuluka-kukwaniritsa zolaula.
  13. Zithunzi zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi maulamuliro apansi a LPP pakuwona mwachidule zithunzi za kugonana: zikuwonetsa chizoloŵezi kapena chilakolako chofuna kugonana.
  14. Majekesi osayenera a HPA omwe amasonyeza kusintha kwa ubongo wa ubongo, zomwe zimachitika m'zoledzeretsa za mankhwala osokoneza bongo (komanso amygdala voliyumu, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi vuto lachikhalidwe).
  15. Kusintha kwa Epigenetic pazomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamapanikizidwe komanso kuwonongeke kwambiri.
  16. Maseŵera apamwamba a Matenda a Necrosis Factor (TNF) - omwe amapezeranso mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso oledzeretsa.
  17. Chosowa mu nkhani yamtundu wakuda; kuyanjana kosauka pakati pa mgwirizano wa nthawi ndi zigawo zina zambiri

Neuro-Psychological Studies on Porn ogwiritsira ntchito (ndi zochepa):

  1. Kusiyanitsa kwadzidzidzi pazitsulo za machitidwe akuluakulu komanso khalidwe lachiwerewere muzitsanzo za odwala komanso zachigawo za amuna (2010) - Odwala omwe amafunafuna chithandizo chamakhalidwe ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kukhudzidwa, kusakhazikika, kuzindikira moperewera, kuchepa kwamalamulo am'maganizo, komanso kutanganidwa kwambiri ndi kugonana. Zina mwazinthuzi ndizofala pakati pa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mitsempha lomwe limakhudzana ndi kutha kwa ntchito. Izi zidapangitsa kuti pakufufuzidwe pakadali pano kusiyana pakati pa gulu la odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana (n = 87) ndi anthu omwe si amuna kapena akazi okhaokha (n = 92) azimuna omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Behaeve Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version Khalidwe logonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha linali logwirizana ndi ma indices apadziko lonse lapansi osagwira bwino ntchito komanso zolipira zingapo za BRIEF-A. Zotsatira izi zimapereka umboni woyamba wotsimikizira kuti kusokonekera kwa akuluakulu kumatha kukhala ndi vuto lachiwerewere.
  2. Kuwonera Zithunzi Zolaula pa intaneti: Udindo wa Kugonana Kwachiwerewere ndi Maganizo a Maganizo a Psychiatric kwa Kugwiritsira Ntchito Intaneti Pakompyuta Zambiri (2011) - Zotsatira zimasonyeza kuti mavuto omwe amadziwika pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ogwirizanitsidwa ndi zochitika zogonana pa intaneti amanenedweratu ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi kugonana zokhudzana ndi kugonana, zovuta kwambiri za zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi kugonana, ndi chiwerengero cha kugonana kwagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhala pa Intaneti pa malo opatsirana pogonana, pamene nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito malo opatsirana pogonana pa intaneti (maminiti patsiku) sizinathandize kwambiri kufotokoza kusiyana kwa magawo a IATsex. Timawona zofanana pakati pa njira zamaganizo ndi ubongo zimene zingathandize kuti zisamalire pa Intaneti komanso zomwe zimafotokozedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chidaliro
  3. Kusinkhasinkha kwa zithunzi zojambula zithunzi kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yosamvetsetsa ikugwira ntchito (2013) - Anthu ena amafotokoza mavuto panthawi yogonana pa intaneti ndi pambuyo, monga kusowa tulo ndikuiwala mayina, omwe amakhudzidwa ndi zotsatira zoipa za moyo. Njira imodzi yomwe ingabweretse mavuto amenewa ndikuti kugonana pa nthawi yogonana pa Intaneti kungasokoneze mphamvu ya kukumbukira ntchito (WM), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kunyalanyaza zinthu zowonongeka kwazomwe zimapangidwira zachilengedwe komanso kusokoneza chisankho. Zotsatira zinawonetsa zovuta kwambiri za WM kuchithunzi cha zithunzi zolaula za ntchito ya 4-kumbuyo poyerekeza ndi zinthu zitatu zotsalira. Zakafukufuku zafotokozedwa potsata kuledzera kwa intaneti chifukwa chakuti kulephera kwa WM ndi zida zokhudzana ndi chizoloŵezi cha mankhwala oledzeretsa zimadziwika bwino kuchokera kuzinthu zowonongeka.
  4. Zosakaniza Zojambula Zogonana Ndizochita Zosankha Zokhumudwitsa (2013) - Kuchita zisankho kunali koipa kwambiri pamene zithunzi zachiwerewere zimagwiridwa ndi mapepala osokoneza mapepala poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimachitika pamene zithunzi zogonana zogwirizana ndi zopindulitsa. Kugonjera kugonana kwachangu kunayambitsa mgwirizano pakati pa chikhalidwe cha ntchito ndi kupanga kupanga chisankho. Phunziroli likugogomezera kuti kukakamiza kugonana kumasokoneza kupanga chisankho, chomwe chikhoza kufotokoza chifukwa chake anthu ena amakumana ndi zotsatira zoipa pa nkhani yogwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti.
  5. Kugonana kwa pa Intaneti: Kuchita zachiwerewere nthawi zambiri poona zolaula osati zogonana zenizeni zimapangitsa kusiyana (2013) - Zotsatira zimasonyeza kuti zizindikiro zogonana zimadzuka ndikulakalaka zolaula pa Intaneti zowonongeka zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa pa Intaneti pa phunziro loyamba. Komanso, zinasonyezedwa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito mauthenga a pa Intaneti ogwiritsa ntchito mauthenga ogonana amavomereza kuti akugonana kwambiri komanso akulakalaka zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zolaula. Mu maphunziro onsewa, chiwerengero ndi khalidwe ndi zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwenikweni zamoyo sizinayanjanitsidwe ndi chizoloŵezi cha kugonana pa Intaneti. Zotsatirazi zimapereka chithunzithunzi chokhutiritsa, chomwe chimayambitsa kulimbikitsa, kuphunzira njira, ndikukhumba kukhala njira yoyenera pakukula ndi kukonzanso kuledzera kwa cybersex. Osauka kapena osakhutiritsa zokhudzana ndi zogonana zokhudzana ndi kugonana sangathe kufotokoza mokwanira za kugonana kwa pa Intaneti.
  6. Kugonana kwa pa Intaneti pa abambo ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha omwe amatha kuwonetsa zithunzi zolaula kungathe kufotokozedwa ndi kukondweretsa (2014) - Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa Intaneti akujambula zithunzi zolaula ngati zowonjezera ndipo zikuwonetsa chikhumbo chachikulu chowonetsera zithunzi zolaula poyerekeza ndi osakhala ogwiritsa ntchito. Komanso, kukhumba, kukonda kugonana kwa zithunzi, kukhudzidwa ndi zokondweretsa za kugonana, khalidwe logonana, ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikiro za maganizo kunaneneratu zizoloŵezi zakugonana ndi anthu ogonana ndi zolaula. Kukhala pachibwenzi, chiwerengero cha kugonana, kukhutira ndi kugonana, komanso kugwiritsira ntchito machitidwe ophatikizana pa Intaneti sizinayanjane ndi kugonana kwa pa Intaneti.
  7. Umboni Wamphamvu ndi Zopeka Zokhudza Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kugonana kwa Ogonana ndi Amuna Kapena Akazi Osokonezeka Maganizo Kuchokera Kumalingaliro Olingalira (2014) - Ntchito yam'mbuyo imasonyeza kuti anthu ena akhoza kukhala pachiopsezo cha CA, pomwe kulimbikitsidwa ndi kuyimitsa bwinoko kumaonedwa kuti ndi njira zofunikira za chitukuko cha CA. Mu phunziro ili, amuna a amuna osakwatirana a 155 amavomereza zithunzi zolaula za 100 ndikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa kugonana kwawo. Komanso, zizoloŵezi za CA, kukhudzidwa ndi chisangalalo cha kugonana, ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosagonana mwachisawawa zinawerengedwa. Zotsatira za phunziroli zikusonyeza kuti pali zifukwa za chiopsezo cha CA ndi kupereka umboni wa ntchito yokhutira kugonana ndi kuthana ndi vuto losavomerezeka pa chitukuko cha CA.
  8. Kugonjera kwa Prefrontal ndi kuvutikira kwa intaneti: njira yophunzitsira ndi kuunika kafukufuku wamaganizo ndi zokhudzana ndi ubongo (2015) - Zotsutsana ndi izi, zotsatira zokhudzana ndi ntchito zokhudzana ndi ubongo ndi zochitika zina zamaganizo zimasonyeza kuti kuganizira-kukwaniritsa, kukhumba, ndi kupanga chisankho ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mumvetsetse kuledzera kwa intaneti. Zomwe zapeza pa kuchepetsa ulamuliro wotsogolera zimagwirizana ndi zizoloŵezi zina zamakhalidwe, monga kutchova njuga. Amatsindikanso mndandanda wa zovutazo monga chidakwa, chifukwa palinso zofanana ndi zomwe zimapezeka muzinthu zowonongeka.  Komanso, zotsatira za kafukufuku wamakono zikufanana ndi zofufuza kuchokera ku kafukufuku wodalirika ndikugogomezera zochitika pakati pa kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi machitidwe ena oledzera.
  9. Kucheza ndi anthu ophwanya pa Intaneti pa Intaneti: Adaption of Implicit Association Test ndi zithunzi zolaula. (2015) - Kafukufuku wam'tsogolo akuwonetsa kufanana pakati pa kugonana kwa pa Intaneti ndi zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito machitidwe okhudzana ndi kugonana ndi azimayi komanso kugwiritsira ntchito machitidwe ozunguza bongo. Muzinthu zofunikira, mabungwe ogwirizana amadziwika kuti ali ndi udindo wofunikira. Zotsatira zimasonyeza maubwenzi abwino pakati pa ophatikizana owonetsa zithunzi zolaula ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi chiwerewere, kugonana kwabwino, kugonjetsa kugonana ndi chilakolako chofuna kugonana.
  10. Zizindikiro za kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ozunguza bongo angagwirizane ndi onse omwe akuyandikira ndikupewa zolaula: zotsatira za chitsanzo cha analog omwe amagwiritsira ntchito Intaneti nthawi zonse (2015) - Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi zizoloŵezi zakugonana ndi kugonana kwa azimayi amakonda kugwiritsira ntchito kapena kupeŵa zolaula. Kuonjezera apo, kufufuza koyendetsa mchitidwe wogonana kumasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana ndi khalidwe loipa la kugonana omwe amasonyeza kuti ali ndi zizoloŵezi zakupewa / kuteteza, adaonetsa zizindikiro zapamwamba zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa pa Intaneti. Malingaliro okhudzana ndi zokhudzana ndi mankhwala, zotsatira zimasonyeza kuti zizoloŵezi zomwe zimayendera komanso kupeŵa zingayambe kugwiritsira ntchito chiwerewere cha kugonana.
  11. Kupitirizabe kuonera zolaula? Kugwiritsira ntchito mosamala kapena kusasamala za kugonana kwa pa Intaneti pazinthu zambirimbiri zikugwirizana ndi zizindikiro za kugonana kwa pa Intaneti (2015) - Anthu omwe ali ndi zizoloŵezi zogonana ndi ogonana amaoneka kuti ali ndi chizoloŵezi chopewa kapena kufotokozera zolaula, monga momwe zanenedwa mu zokopa zolimbitsa thupi. Zotsatira za kafukufuku wamakono zomwe zikuwonekera pa ntchito yowongolera akuluakulu, mwachitsanzo, amagwira ntchito yovomerezeka ndi kortex yoyendetsera dziko, pofuna kukonzekera ndi kukonzanso mavuto okhudza kugonana kwa azimayi (monga Brand et al., 2014). Makamaka kuchepa kwa kuyang'anitsitsa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi kusinthasintha pakati pa zolaula ndi zina zomwe ziri mu cholinga chokwanira kungakhale njira imodzi pa chitukuko ndi kusungirako machitidwe ozunguza bongo.
  12. Kugulitsa Pambuyo Panthawi Zokondweretsa: Zithunzi Zolaula Ntchito ndi Kutaya Kupeza (2015) - Phunziro 1: Ophunzira adamaliza zolaula amagwiritsa ntchito mafunso komanso ntchito yochedwetsa ku Time 1 kenako milungu inayi pambuyo pake. Ophunzira omwe akuwonetsa zolaula zolaula zoyambirira adawonetsa kuchepa kwachangu pa Time 2, kuwongolera kuchotsera koyambirira. Phunziro 2: Ophunzira omwe adapewa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula adawonetsa kuchotsera pang'ono kuposa omwe adadya chakudya chomwe amakonda. Zomwe apezazi zikusonyeza kuti zolaula pa intaneti ndi mphotho yakugonana yomwe imathandizira kuchedwetsa kuchotsera mosiyana ndi mphotho zina zachilengedwe. Ndikofunikira kuti tiziona zolaula ngati cholimbikitsira pamalipiro, chidwi, komanso maphunziro osokoneza bongo ndikugwiritsa ntchito izi moyenera komanso mothandizidwa ndi achibale.
  13. Kukondweretsa kugonana ndi kusagwira ntchito moyenera Kumayambitsa Kugonana kwa Amuna Kapena Amuna Kapena Akazi Okhaokha (2015) - Zotsatira zaposachedwa zasonyeza kusonkhana pakati pa CyberSex Addiction (CA) zolimba ndi zizindikiro za kukondweretsa kugonana, ndipo kuti kulimbana ndi khalidwe la kugonana kumalimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa kukondweretsa kugonana ndi zizindikiro za CA. Cholinga cha phunziroli chinali kuyesa mgwirizanowu pakati pa amuna ndi akazi okhaokha. Masikiti amawonetsa zizindikiro za CA, kukhudzidwa ndi zosangalatsa za kugonana, zolaula zimagwiritsa ntchito zifukwa, zovuta zokhudzana ndi kugonana, zizindikiro zamaganizo, ndi khalidwe la kugonana pamoyo weniweni komanso pa intaneti. Komanso, anthu owona mavidiyo akuwonera mafilimu owonetsa zolaula ndikuwonetseratu kuti akugonana musanakhale ndi kanema. Zotsatira zinasonyeza mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa zizindikiro za CA ndi zizindikiro zokhuza kugonana ndi kukondweretsa kugonana, kuthana ndi khalidwe la kugonana, ndi zizindikiro za maganizo. CA siidagwirizane ndi makhalidwe osagwirizana ndi kugonana komanso nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti. Kulimbana ndi zilakolako za kugonana kunayambitsa mgwirizano pakati pa kukondweretsa kugonana ndi CA. Zotsatirazo zikufanana ndi zomwe zimafotokozedwa kwa amuna ndi akazi omwe amaloledwa kugonana amuna ndi akazi m'maphunziro apitalo ndipo akukambidwa motsutsana ndi chiyambi cha ziphunzitso za CA, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti ntchito yabwino ndi yolimbikitsa chifukwa cha kugwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti.
  14. Kukonda Kwambiri Kuonera Zithunzi Zolaula ndi Kuphunzira Kugwirizana Kulosera Zomwe Zimayendera Kulimbana ndi Kugonana ndi Amuna Kapena Akazi Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Pogonana ndi Omwe Amagwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti (2016) - Palibe mgwirizano wokhudzana ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito matendawa. Ena amayandikira kufanana ndi zida zogwiritsira ntchito, zomwe zimayambitsa kuphunzira ndizofunika kwambiri. Mu phunziro ili, amuna a 86 amodzi amamaliza kugonana ndi Standard Pavlovian kupita ku Chida Choyendetsa Chosakanizidwa ndi zithunzi zolaula kuti afufuze maphunziro oyanjana pa chiwerewere. Kuonjezerapo, chilakolako chofuna kugonana chifukwa choonerera zithunzi zolaula ndi zizoloŵezi zokhudzana ndi kugonana ndi machitidwe a zogonana ndi azimayi. Zotsatira zinasonyeza zotsatira za chilakolako chofuna kukhala ndi chilakolako chofuna kugwiritsira ntchito chiwerewere, kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuphunzira.  Kawirikawiri, zotsatirazi zikusonyeza kupita ku ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuphunzira kusonkhana kuti pakhale chithunzithunzi cha mankhwala ozunguza bongo, pomwepo kupereka umboni wowonjezereka wofanana pakati pa zokhudzana ndi mankhwala ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ozunguza bongo
  15. Kufufuza mgwirizano pakati pa kugonana ndi zofuna zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa mawu ogonana pa gulu la anthu ogonana okhaokha (2016) - Kafukufukuyu akubwereza zomwe apeza phunziro la University of 2014 Cambridge poyerekeza nkhanza zolaula zowonongeka zimayesetsa kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Phunziro latsopanoli likusiyana: m'malo moyerekezera anthu ochita zachiwerewere kuti azitha kulamulira, kuphunzira kwatsopano kumeneku kumaphatikizapo mfundo zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere ku zotsatira za ntchito yomwe ikuyang'ana chisokonezo (ndondomeko yowonongeka). Phunziroli linalongosola zotsatira ziwiri zofunika: 1) Zovuta zokhuza kugonana zokhudzana ndi kugonana zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kusokonezeka kwakukulu (kusokonezeka kwakukulu) pa ntchito yowonongeka. Izi zikugwirizana ndi maphunziro osokoneza bongo. 2) Pakati pa anthu omwe amatsindika kwambiri za kugonana, zochepa zaka zokhudzana ndi kugonana zinali zokhudzana ndi wamkulu kukondera. Olembawo adatsimikiza kuti zotsatirazi zitha kuwonetsa kuti zaka zambiri "zogonana mokakamiza" zimabweretsa chizolowezi chachikulu kapena kufooka kwachisangalalo poyankha (kukhumudwitsa). Chidule cha gawo lomaliza: "Chomwe chingathe kufotokozera zotsatirazi ndi chakuti monga munthu wokakamiza kuchita chiwerewere amayamba kuchita zinthu zowonongeka, chiwonetsero chotsitsimutsa chimawonekera ndipo pakapita nthawi, khalidwe loipa kwambiri limafunika kuti likhale lofanana. Akutsutsaninso kuti ngati munthu ali ndi chizoloŵezi chokakamiza, zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta kuzinthu zina zomwe zimawoneka ngati zachizoloŵezi zogonana kapena zithunzi ndi anthu omwe amatha kukhala ndi zovuta zowonjezera kuti azindikire zomwe zikufunidwa. "
  16. Kusintha kwa masewera atatha kuona zolaula pa intaneti zikugwirizana ndi zizindikiro za pa Intaneti-zolaula-kuyang'ana matenda (2016) - Zolemba: Zotsatira zazikulu za phunziroli ndikuti zizolowezi zowonera zolaula pa intaneti (IPD) zimalumikizidwa ndikumverera bwino, kukhala maso, bata, komanso kukhala ndi nkhawa m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku komanso chilimbikitso chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti pankhani yokhudza chisangalalo komanso kupewa kukhudzidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zizolowezi za IPD zinali zokhudzana ndi malingaliro asanafike komanso atatha kuwonera zolaula pa intaneti komanso kuwonjezeka kwenikweni kwakhazikika komanso bata. Chiyanjano pakati pa zizolowezi za IPD ndi chisangalalo chofunafuna chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti chidawongoleredwa ndikuwunika kukhutira komwe kumachitika. Kawirikawiri, zotsatira za phunziroli zimagwirizana ndi lingaliro lakuti IPD imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chilimbikitso chofuna kukhutiritsa kugonana ndikupewa kapena kuthana ndi kukhumudwa komanso kuganiza kuti zosintha pakusintha zolaula zimalumikizidwa ndi IPD (Cooper et al., 1999 ndi Laier ndi Brand, 2014).
  17. Achinyamata akuluakulu okhudzana ndi kugonana: Maubwenzi osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana, omwe amachititsa khalidwe lawo, komanso osadziŵa zamaganizo (2016) - Anthu omwe ali ndi Mavuto Ogonana (PSB) adawonetsa zoperewera zingapo zamalingaliro. Zotsatira izi zikuwonetsa kuti ndi osauka mkulu wogwira ntchito (chinyengo) chimene chiri ubongo wamakono omwe akupezeka mumayendedwe osokoneza bongo. Zina mwazidule: Kuchokera kuzinthu izi, ndizotheka kufufuza mavuto omwe amawonekera mu PSB ndi zina zowonjezereka, monga kusokonezeka maganizo, kuwonongeka kwadzidzidzi .... Ngati mavuto amalingaliro omwe atchulidwa mu ndondomekoyi ndizofunikira kwambiri za PSB, izi zikhoza kukhala ndi zofunikira zachipatala.
  18. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwakhama kwa Amuna Ogonana ndi Amuna Osagonana Amuna Asanayambe ndi Atatha Kuonera Video Yowopsya (2017) - Kuwonetsa zolaula kunakhudza akulu omwe akugwira ntchito mwa amuna omwe ali ndi "zizolowezi zogonana", koma osawongolera bwino. Ogwira ntchito zosauka omwe amagwira ntchito atakumana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi zosokoneza bongo ndichizindikiro cha zovuta zamankhwala (zomwe zikuwonetsa zonse ziwiri kusintha maulendo oyendetsa ndi kulimbikitsa). Zolemba: Zomwe akupezazi zikuwonetseratu kusinthika kwa chidziwitso pambuyo pa kukondana ndi kugonana poyerekeza ndi anthu ogonana nawo. Deta iyi imachirikiza lingaliro lakuti amuna opondereza anzawo sagwiritse ntchito mwayi wophunzira kuchokera ku zochitika, zomwe zingachititse kusintha kusintha kwa khalidwe. Izi zikhoza kumvekanso monga kusowa kwa chidziwitso ndi gulu lochita zachiwerewere pamene adakakamizidwa kugonana, mofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika panthawi ya chiwerewere, zomwe zimayambira ndi kuchuluka kwa kugonana, potsatira chiwonetsero cha kugonana malemba komanso kenako, nthawi zambiri zokhudzana ndi zovuta.
  19. Kuwonetsa Kugonana Kwachiwerewere Kumapangitsa Kukhala Wowonjezera Kwambiri Kuonjezera Kuwonjezeka Kwambiri mu Kugonjetsa Kwachinyengo pakati pa Amuna (2017) - M'maphunziro awiri omwe adakumana ndi zoyipa zakugonana zidapangitsa kuti: 1) kuchotsera kwakanthawi kochulukirapo (kulephera kuchedwetsa kukhutiritsa), 2) chidwi chachikulu chofuna kuchita zachiwerewere, 3) chidwi chachikulu chogula zinthu zabodza ndikubera akaunti ya Facebook ya wina. Kuphatikizidwa pamodzi izi zikuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula kumawonjezera kukhudzika ndipo kumatha kuchepetsa ntchito zina zazikulu (kudziletsa, kuweruza, kuwoneratu zotsatira zake, kudziletsa). Chidule: Zotsatira izi zikuwunikira njira yochepetsera kutenga nawo gawo amuna pakuchita zachiwerewere; ndiye kuti, kudzera pazowonetsa zochepa pazakugonana ndikukweza kukhutitsidwa kwakuchedwa. Zotsatira zaposachedwa zikusonyeza kuti kupezeka kwakukulu kwa zoyipa zakugonana pa intaneti zitha kulumikizidwa kwambiri ndi machitidwe achiwerewere a amuna kuposa momwe amalingalira kale.
  20. Zotsutsa za (Zosokoneza) Kugwiritsira ntchito Intaneti Kugonana Mwachangu: Udindo wa Makhalidwe Achiwerewere ndi Njira Yoyera Zomwe Zimayendera Kugonana (2017) - Zolemba: Kafukufuku wamakono akufufuza ngati khalidwe la kugonana ndi zofuna zowonongeka zokhudzana ndi kugonana ndizomwe zimayambitsa mavuto omwe SEM amagwiritsa ntchito komanso nthawi yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuyang'ana SEM. Poyesera, tinagwiritsa Ntchito Njira Yopewera (AAT) pofuna kuyesa njira zogonana zogonana. Kulumikizana bwino pakati pa kuyang'ana kwa SEM ndi nthawi yomwe yakhala ikuyang'ana pa SEM kungathe kufotokozedwa ndi zotsatira zake: Njira yodalirika yowonjezereka ikhonza kutanthauzidwa ngati chisankho choyang'ana kwa SEM. Nkhani yokhala ndi chidwi chotereyi ingakhale yokopa kwambiri pa kugonana pa intaneti yomwe imakhala ndi nthawi yochuluka yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa malo a SEM.
  21. Zizolowezi zoonera zolaula-kugwiritsa ntchito vuto: Zosiyana ndi amuna ndi akazi zokhudzana ndi zolaula (2018) - Zolemba: Olemba angapo amaganiza kuti zolaula-paintaneti-kugwiritsa ntchito vuto (IPD) ndi vuto losokoneza bongo. Imodzi mwa njira zomwe zaphunziridwa mwakhama pazovuta zamagulu osokoneza bongo komanso zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndizomwe zimapangitsa chidwi chazinthu zokhudzana ndi zosokoneza bongo. Kuti tifufuze zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi cha IPD, tidasanthula zitsanzo za amuna ndi akazi a 174. Kukonda chidwi kunayesedwa ndi Visual Probe Task, pomwe ophunzirawo amayenera kuchitapo kanthu pamivi yomwe imawonekera pambuyo pazithunzi zolaula kapena zosalowerera ndale. Kuphatikiza apo, omwe adatenga nawo mbali amayenera kuwonetsa zakukondweretsedwa ndi zolaula. Kuphatikiza apo, zizolowezi za IPD zimayezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Kuyesa Kwachidule pa intaneti. Zotsatira za phunziroli zidawonetsa ubale pakati pa kukondera komanso chidwi cha chizindikiritso cha IPD pang'ono cholumikizidwa ndi zizindikiritso za cue-reactivity ndikulakalaka. Zotsatirazo zimathandizira malingaliro amalingaliro amtundu wa I-PACE wokhudzana ndi chidwi chazomwe zimachitika zokhudzana ndi zosokoneza bongo ndipo zimagwirizana ndi kafukufuku wothana ndi kuyambiranso ndi kulakalaka zovuta zamagwiritsidwe ntchito kazinthu.
  22. Makhalidwe ndi khalidwe lachikhalidwe pakati pa amuna ndi chizoloŵezi cha pa Intaneti-zolaula-ntchito matenda (Antons & Mtundu, 2018) - Zolemba: Malingana ndi mitundu iŵiri ya mankhwala oledzeretsa, zotsatira zikhoza kukhala zisonyezero za kusamvana pakati pa zochitika zosayenerera ndi zowonetsera zomwe zingayambitsidwe ndi zolaula. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti asayambe kugwiritsira ntchito Intaneti, zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale kuti zimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa.
  23. Makhalidwe okhudzidwa ndi zochitika zina zosiyana zimasiyanitsa pakati pa zosangalatsa ndi zosagwirizana ndi zolaula za pa Intaneti (Stephanie et al., 2019) Zowonjezera:  Anthu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza adasonyezeratu kuti ali ndi chidwi chokhumba, kukhudzidwa mtima, kuchepetsa kuwongolera, ndi kupanikizana kosavomerezeka, ndi zotsatira zochepa kwambiri zothandizira kuthana ndi ntchito ndikufunikira kuzindikira. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti ziwalo zina za kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zofanana monga chilakolako ndi malingaliro olakwika kwambiri ndi enieni kwa osagwiritsa ntchito ma PC. Zotsatira zimalinso zogwirizana ndi zitsanzo pa zovuta zapamwamba zogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti ndi makhalidwe oledzera .... Chotsatira china chochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti kukula kwake kwazomwe zimachitika poyesera nthawi yayitali pa mphindi iliyonse, poyerekeza ndi osagwiritsidwa ntchito osagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogwiritsa ntchito osangalala, anali oposa poyerekeza ndi mafupipafupi pa sabata. Izi zikhoza kusonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi IP osagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka amakhala ndi mavuto kusiya kuyang'ana IP panthawi ya gawo kapena akusowa nthawi yochuluka kuti akwaniritse mphoto yomwe akufuna, yomwe ingafanane ndi mawonekedwe a kulekerera muzovuta za mankhwala.
  24. Pezani zotsutsana ndi zochitika zowonongeka m'mabambo a amuna akusukulu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula (2019) - Zolemba: Ponseponse, zomwe apezazi zikuwonetsa kuti njira yothanirana ndi zosokoneza bongo ikhoza kukhala yankho mwachangu kapena lokonzekera kuposa kupewa, komwe kungafotokozeredwe ndimasewera azikhalidwe zina zosokoneza bongo .. .. Kuphatikiza apo, zambiri pa BPS zinali zogwirizana ndi njira ziwerengero zokondera, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti kuonera zolaula kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, njira yolankhulirana yolimbana ndi zovuta zogonana ...Grant et al., 2010). Zithunzi zolaula (makamaka ntchito zovuta) zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi njira zofulumira zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere kusiyana ndi zosakhudzidwa, zosayanjanitsika zofanana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabvuto ogwiritsa ntchito mowa (Field et al., 2008; Wiers et al., 2011), kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Cousijn et al., 2011; Field et al., 2006), ndi vuto la kugwiritsira ntchito fodya (Bradley et al., 2004). Zomwe zimagwirizana pakati pa zidziwitso ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito matenda a ubongo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zinthu zonse zoledzeretsa ndi zovuta zolaula zikuwoneka zikuwoneka, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi maphunziro apitayi (Kowalewska et al., 2018; Stark et al., 2018).