Ndikupereka "Zofufuza Zoona" ziwiri zatsopano tisanafike pa ndemanga ya 2014.

Zenizeni cheke # 1: Kafukufuku wama Neurological & epidemiological omwe amatsutsa pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe akuti Ley et al., 2014:

1. Zolaula / Kugonana? Tsambali likulemba Zotsatira za 50 za sayansi (MRI, fMRI, EEG, matenda opatsirana pogonana, mahomoni). Amapereka chithandizo cholimba cha mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo pamene zofukufuku zawo zimagwirizanitsa zochitika za m'maganizo zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu maphunziro osokoneza bongo.
2. Malingaliro enieni a akatswiri okhudzana ndi zolaula / kugonana? Mndandanda uwu uli Ndemanga za 30 zaposachedwa & ndemanga ndi ena mwa apamwamba a sayansi ya sayansi padziko lapansi. Zonse zothandizira mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
3. Zizindikiro za kuledzera ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri? Zofufuza za 60 zofukufuku zomwe zikupezeka zikugwirizana ndi kukula kwa zolaula (kulekerera), chizoloŵezi choonera zolaula, komanso ngakhale kusiya (zizindikiro zonse ndi zizindikiro zosokoneza bongo).
4. Kodi munthu amadziwa bwanji? Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse, Mayiko Akumayiko Onse a Matenda (ICD-11), ali ndi matenda atsopano woyenera kuchita zachiwerewere: "Kugonana Kwachiwerewere. "
5. Kulingalira mfundo yosalimbikitsidwa yolankhulidwa yakuti "chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana" akufotokozera zolaula kapena chizolowezi chogonana: Kafukufuku wa 30 amapusitsa kunena kuti kugonana & zolaula "amangokhala ndi chilakolako chofuna kugonana"
6. Zolaula ndi zogonana? Mndandandawu uli ndi zofufuza zoposa 40 zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zolaula / zolaula ku mavuto a kugonana ndi kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana. FZosintha za 7 zilibe mndandanda zovuta, pamene ophunzira adasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndikuchiza matenda opatsirana pogonana.
7. Zotsatira za zovuta pazoyanjana? Kufufuza kwa 80 kumalumikiza zolaula kumachepetsa kugonana komanso kukhutira ndi ubale. (Monga momwe ife tikudziwira onse Kafukufuku wokhudza amuna adanena za kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula zambiri zogwirizana osauka kugonana kapena kukondana.)
8. Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi kumakhudza bwanji maganizo ndi maganizo? Pazofufuza za 85 zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thanzi lakuthupi lamaganizidwe & zotsatira zazidziwitso zosauka.
9. Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi kumakhudza bwanji zikhulupiliro, malingaliro ndi makhalidwe? Onani maphunziro aumwini - Phunziro la 40 limagwirizanitsa zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito "maganizo osagwirizana" kwa amayi ndi malingaliro ogonana - kapena chidule cha mndandanda wa 2016: Media ndi Sexualization: Boma la Kafukufuku Wofufuza, 1995-2015. Chidule:

Cholinga cha ndemangayi chinali kupanga kafukufuku woyeserera zotsatira za kugonana kwa atolankhani. Cholinga chachikulu chinali pa kafukufuku wofalitsidwa m'magazini owunikiranso a Chingerezi pakati pa 1995 ndi 2015. Mabuku 109 omwe anali ndi maphunziro 135 adawunikidwanso . Zomwe zapezekazi zidapereka umboni wokhazikika wakuti kuwonetsedwa m'ma laboratories komanso kuwonetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku pazinthu izi kumalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa kusakhutira kwa thupi, kudziona ngati wopanda pake, kuthandizira kwambiri zikhulupiriro zachigololo komanso zikhulupiriro zotsutsana ndi kugonana, komanso kulekerera kwambiri nkhanza zogonana kwa akazi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonetsedwa m'zinthu izi kumachititsa akazi ndi amuna kukhala ndi malingaliro ochepa pa luso la akazi, makhalidwe abwino, ndi umunthu.

10. Nanga bwanji za chiwerewere ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula? Kufufuza kwina: Meta-Kuonongeka kwa Kuonera Zolaula Ntchito ndi Zoona Zochitika Zachiwerewere mu Zophunzira Zambiri za Anthu (2015). Chidule:

Kafukufuku 22 wochokera kumayiko 7 osiyanasiyana adawunikidwa . Kudya mopitirira muyeso kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi nkhanza zogonana ku United States ndi padziko lonse lapansi, pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, komanso m'maphunziro osiyanasiyana komanso a nthawi yayitali. Mayanjano anali olimba kwambiri pa nkhanza zolankhulidwa kuposa zogonana, ngakhale zonse ziwiri zinali zofunika. Kachitidwe ka zotsatira kakusonyeza kuti zachiwawa zitha kukhala chinthu chowonjezera.

“Koma kodi zolaula sizinagwiritse ntchito kuchuluka kwa kugwiriridwa?” Ayi, kuchuluka kwa kugwiriridwa kwakhala kukukwera m'zaka zaposachedwa: “ Kuchuluka kwa kugwiriridwa kukukwera, choncho musanyalanyaze nkhani zolimbikitsa zolaula .” Onani tsamba lino kuti mupeze maphunziro opitilira 100 ogwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi nkhanza zogonana, kukakamiza & chiwawa , komanso kutsutsa kwakukulu kwa zomwe zimabwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza kuti kupezeka kwa zolaula kwapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha kugwiriridwa chichepe.

11. Bwanji za kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula ndi achinyamata? Onani mndandanda wazinthu Zotsatira za achinyamata a 280, kapena yesani ndemanga izi m'mabuku: ndemanga # 1, ndemanga2, ndemanga # 3, ndemanga # 4, ndemanga # 5, ndemanga # 6, ndemanga # 7, ndemanga # 8, ndemanga # 9, ndemanga # 10, ndemanga # 11, ndemanga # 12, ndemanga # 13, ndemanga # 14, ndemanga # 15, kuwunika # 16. Kuyambira pamapeto a 2012 kafukufuku wa kafukufuku - Zotsatira za Zithunzi Zolaula pa Intaneti pa Achinyamata: Kupenda kafukufuku:

Kuwonjezeka kwa mwayi wopeza intaneti kwa achinyamata kwapanga mwayi wosayerekezeka wophunzitsa za kugonana, kuphunzira, ndi kukula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka chomwe chikuwonekera m'mabukuwa chapangitsa ofufuza kufufuza za zolaula za pa intaneti zomwe achinyamata akukumana nazo pofuna kufotokoza ubale umenewu. Pamodzi, maphunzirowa akusonyeza kuti achinyamata omwe amaonera zolaula akhoza kukhala ndi zikhulupiriro ndi malingaliro osatheka pankhani yogonana. Pakati pa zomwe zapezeka, kuchuluka kwa malingaliro ogonana olekerera, kuganizira kwambiri za kugonana, komanso kuyesa koyambirira kwa kugonana kwagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi…. Komabe, zomwe zapezeka nthawi zonse zapezeka zikugwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa achinyamata zomwe zikuwonetsa zachiwawa ndi kuchuluka kwa khalidwe lankhanza la kugonana. Mabukuwa akusonyeza kugwirizana pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa achinyamata ndi malingaliro awo. Atsikana amanena kuti amadziona kuti ndi otsika poyerekeza ndi akazi omwe amawaonera m'zithunzi zolaula, pomwe anyamata amaopa kuti sangakhale amphamvu kapena osatha kuchita bwino ngati amuna omwe ali m'manyuzipepala awa. Achinyamata amanenanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumachepa pamene kudzidalira kwawo komanso chitukuko chawo chikuwonjezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, makamaka zomwe zimapezeka pa intaneti, amakhala ndi kusagwirizana kochepa ndi anthu, mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi khalidwe, kuchuluka kwa makhalidwe oipa, kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo, komanso kuchepa kwa mgwirizano wamaganizo ndi osamalira.

12. Kuti mumvetse bwino mfundo iliyonse yomwe mungayankhe komanso chidwi chofufuza chitumbuwa, onani mfundo yaikuluyi: Debunking "N'chifukwa Chiyani Timakayikirabe za Kuonera Zolaula?? ", Ndi Marty Klein, Taylor Kohut, ndi Nicole Prause (2018). Momwe mungazindikire nkhani zotsutsana: Iwo amatchula Prause et al., 2015 (kunena zabodza kuti imayambitsa zolaula), pamene asiya maphunziro oposa a 50 opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito zolaula.

ZOONA ZAKE # 2 - Ndemanga zowona za zolemba & ndemanga zotsutsana ndi zomwe Ley / Prause / Finn ananena:

1. Kuti muwunikenso bwino zaukadaulo wokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, makamaka pa zolaula za pa intaneti, onani - Sayansi ya Zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti: Kukonzanso ndi Kuonjezera (2015). Ndemangayi ikuwunikanso maphunziro awiri aposachedwa a EEG omwe akutenga mutu womwe umati ndi "osokoneza" zolaula.
2. Kulimbana ndi Kugonana monga Matenda: Umboni Wowunika, Kuzindikira, ndi Kuyankha kwa Otsutsa (2015), yomwe imapereka tchati yomwe imakhala ndi zifukwa zina zomwe zimatsutsana nazo.
3. Kodi khalidwe lachiwerewere liyenera kuonedwa kuti ndiledwe? (2016) - Kuwunikanso kwa mabukuwa ndi akatswiri odziwa zamankhwala osokoneza bongo ku Yale & Cambridge University
4. Mchitidwe Wogonana Wokakamiza Monga Mchitidwe Wosokoneza Bongo: Zotsatira za intaneti ndi Zina Zina (2016) - Ikulira pazokambirana pamwambapa.
5. Mavuto Okhudza Kusayirira Maganizo (2016) - Ndi a sayansi ya sayansi ku Max Planck Institute
6. Kugonana kwa pa Intaneti (2015) - Ndi asayansi aku Germany omwe asindikiza maphunziro ambiri okhudzana ndi chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti
7. Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ogonana? Kubwereza ndi Zipatala zapadera (2016) - Kufufuza kwakukulu kwa mabuku okhudzana ndi zolaula zomwe zimayambitsa zolaula. Kuphatikiza madotolo apamadzi aku US, kuwunikaku kumapereka zidziwitso zaposachedwa kwambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwuka kwakukulu pamavuto achichepere ogonana. Imawunikiranso maphunziro amitsempha okhudzana ndi zolaula komanso zolaula kudzera pa intaneti. Madotolo amapereka malipoti azachipatala a 3 azamuna omwe adayamba zolaula zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zogonana
8. Kuphatikiza mfundo za maganizo ndi zokhudzana ndi ubongo zokhudzana ndi chitukuko ndi kukonzanso mavuto ena ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti: Kuyanjanitsa kwa Munthu-Kuzindikira-Kutengera chitsanzo (2016) - Kuwunikanso njira zomwe zimayambitsa kukonza ndi kukonza zovuta zina zogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, kuphatikizapo "Internet-zolaula-kuwona zovuta"
9. Kufufuzira momveka bwino m'madzi a matope: Zotsatira zamtsogolo zotsatsa khalidwe lachiwerewere ngati choledzeretsa (2016) - Zolemba: Posachedwapa tafufuza umboni wosiyanitsa khalidwe lachiwerewere (CSB) monga chizoloŵezi chosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kupenda kwathu kunapeza kuti CSB inagwirizana ndi matenda, neurobiological ndi zozizwitsa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi vuto la kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. Ngakhale kuti American Psychiatric Association inakana matenda a hypersexual kuchokera ku DSM-5, matenda a CSB (kugonana kwambiri) akhoza kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ICD-10. CSB ikuganiziranso ndi ICD-11.
10. Kugonana kwachiwerewere chaputala kuchokera ku Neurobiology of Addictions, Oxford Press (2016)
11. Katswiri wa Sayansi Akuyandikira Kuonera Zolaula pa Intaneti (2017) - Ndemanga: Zaka makumi awiri zapitazo, maphunziro angapo omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu a sayansi, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti afufuze zithunzi za zithunzi zolaula pansi pa zochitika zowonongeka ndipo zithunzi zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa cha zotsatira zammbuyo, kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula mochuluka kungagwirizane ndi njira zodziŵika bwino za sayansi ya ubongo zomwe zimayambitsa kulumikiza kwa mankhwala oledzera.
12. Kodi kugonana koopsa kwambiri ndi matenda osokoneza bongo? (2017) - Zolemba: Kafufuzidwe ka matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azichita zachiwerewere amachititsa kuti anthu asamangokhalira kugonana, athandizidwe, komanso kuti asinthe maganizo awo.. Timakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero cha matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana monga matenda ozunguza bongo akugwirizana ndi deta yam'tsogolo ndipo akhoza kuthandiza madokotala, ochita kafukufuku, komanso anthu omwe akuvutika ndi matendawa.
13. Umboni wa Pudding Ndi Wotsekemera: Deta Ndizofunika Kuyesera Zitsanzo ndi Malingaliro Okhudzana ndi Kugonana Kwachinyengo (2018) - Zolemba: Zina mwa maudindo omwe angasonyeze kuti kufanana pakati pa CSB ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndi maphunziro okhudza ubongo, ndi maphunziro angapo aposachedwapa omwe sanathenso ndi Walton et al. (2017). Kafukufuku woyambirira nthawi zambiri amayesa CSB pokhudzana ndi mitundu ya zosokoneza bongo (zowunikidwa ku Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016b; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016b).
14. Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro, magawo, chithandizo, ndi ndondomeko za ndondomeko Ndemanga pa: Kukhumudwa kwa khalidwe la kugonana mu ICD-11 (Kraus et al., 2018) - Zolemba: Zomwe zikuchitika pakusintha matenda a CSB monga vuto lakutetezera ndizovuta monga zitsanzo zina zomwe zasankhidwa (Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013). Pali deta yosonyeza kuti CSB imagawana zinthu zambiri ndi zizolowezi zoledzera (Kraus et al., 2016), kuphatikizapo deta zam'tsogolo zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwonjezereka kwa machitidwe a ubongo okhudzana ndi mphoto poyankhidwa ndi zovuta zowononga (Mtundu, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Voon et al., 2014.
15. Mchitidwe Wogonana Wosakanikirana ndi Anthu Ndiponso Zitsanzo Zogonana (2018) - Zolemba: Khalidwe lachiwerewere lachiwerewere (CSB) likuwoneka kuti ndi "khalidwe loledzera," ndipo ndilo vuto lalikulu kwa moyo wa umoyo komanso thanzi labwino. Pomalizira, ndemangayi inafotokozera mwachidule maphunziro ndi zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu pa CSB komanso kusokonezeka ndi mavuto ena, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pamodzi, kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti CSB imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kogwiritsidwa ntchito kogwiritsidwa ntchito kogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amygdala, striatum, ndi thalamus, kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa kugwirizana pakati pa amygdala ndi prefrontal cortex.
16. Mavuto Ogonana pa Intaneti Nthawi (2018) - Ndemanga: Pakati pa zizoloŵezi zoipa, kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti molakwika ndi kuwonetsa zolaula pa Intaneti zimatchulidwa kuti zingakhale zovuta zowononga kugonana, nthawi zambiri popanda malire enieni pakati pa zochitika ziwirizi. Ogwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti amakopeka ndi zolaula pa intaneti chifukwa cha kudziwika kwake, kukwanitsa, ndi kukwaniritsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kungapangitse owerenga kugwiritsa ntchito chizoloŵezi cha kugonana ndi anthu pa Intaneti: M'mabuku amenewa, ogwiritsa ntchito amaiwala kwambiri "kusintha" kwa kugonana, kupeza chisangalalo chochulukira pa zosankha zofuna kugonana zofuna kugonana kusiyana ndi kugonana.
17. Njira zokhudzana ndi kugonana mwachisawawa (2018) - Ndemanga: Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wochuluka wokhudzana ndi chiwerewere wakhala akupereka njira zowonongeka zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu azigonana komanso asamadwale. Mchitidwe wogonana mwachinyengo umagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa ntchito m'madera a ubongo ndi magulu okhudzidwa ndi kuwalimbikitsa, kuzoloŵera, kusokoneza maganizo, ndi kupindula mphoto muzochitika ngati zinthu, kutchova juga, ndi zizoloŵezi zosewera. Zigawo zazikulu za ubongo zogwirizana ndi zigawo za CSB zikuphatikizapo ma cortices oyang'anizana ndi am'mbuyo, amygdala, ndi striatum, kuphatikizapo nucleus accumbens.
18. Kumvetsetsa Kwambiri za Khalidwe Lopanda Nzeru za Kugonana Kwachidakwa ndi Zovuta Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito - Ndemanga: Kafukufuku wam'mbuyo posachedwapa wavumbula kuti kugonana kosayenera kumagwirizanitsa ndi kusintha kwa kugonana ndi kusiyana kwa ubongo ndi ntchito. Ngakhale kuti maphunziro ofufuza a khungu la CSBD akhala akuchitidwa mpaka pano, deta yomwe ilipo imasonyeza kuti vuto la nthenda ya sayansi limagwirizana nawo ndi zina zowonjezera monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi kutchova njuga. Motero, deta yomwe ilipo ikusonyeza kuti zigawo zake zingakhale zoyenera monga chizolowezi chogonana m'malo mwa vuto lodziletsa.
19. Ventral Striatal Kuchita Zowonongeka M'zochita Zogonana Zogonana (2018) - Ndemanga: Pakati pa maphunziro omwe alipo, tinapeza mabuku asanu ndi anayi (Table 1) yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito maginito opanga masomphenya. Zinayi zokha (36-39) adafufuzidwa mosamalitsa kutsata ndondomeko zowonongeka ndi / kapena mphotho ndipo adawonetsa zotsatira zokhudzana ndi ventral striatum activations. Kafukufuku katatu akuwonetsa kuwonjezereka kwa chiwopsezo chogonjetsa kuti chikhale choyambitsa chisokonezo (36-39) kapena kutchula zowonongeka (36-39). Zotsatirazi zikugwirizana ndi Mfundo Yotsitsimula (IST) (28), imodzi mwa machitidwe otchuka kwambiri kufotokozera ubongo kugwira ntchito moledzeretsa.
20. Kugonjetsa Kwachinyamata pa Intaneti: Zimene Timadziwa ndi Zimene Sitikuzidziwa-Kusanthula Kwambiri (2019) - Ndemanga: Monga momwe tikudziwira, kafukufuku wina wam'mbuyomu akuthandizira gululi kukhala chidakwa ndi mawonetseredwe ofunikira ofunikira monga kusokonezeka kwa kugonana ndi kusakhutira kwa kugonana. Ntchito zambiri zomwe zikupezekapo zimachokera ku kafukufuku wofanana ndi wochitidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro owonetsa zithunzi zolaula monga "supranormal stimulus" mofanana ndi chinthu chenichenicho chomwe, kupyolera mukudya, chingayambitse matenda osokoneza bongo.
21. Zochitika ndi chitukuko cha kuwonetsa zolaula pa intaneti: zifukwa zomwe munthu angagwiritsidwe nazo, kulimbitsa njira ndi njira zodzikongoletsera (2019) - Ndemanga: Kuonera zolaula kwanthawi yaitali kwachititsa kuti anthu oterewa adziwe zolaula zowononga zolaula, zomwe zachititsa kuti zikhale zolakalaka kwambiri, kugwiritsira ntchito zithunzi zolaula pa Intaneti pazifukwa ziwiri zomwe zimayesedwa ndi kuwonongeka. Lingaliro la kukhutira komwe linapindulidwa kuchokera kwa ilo likufooka ndi lofooka, kotero zolaula zambiri pa intaneti zikufunikira kuti zikhale ndi maganizo oyamba m'maganizo ndi kukhala oledzera.
22. Zochitika ndi chitukuko cha kuwonetsa zolaula pa intaneti: zifukwa zomwe munthu angagwiritsidwe nazo, kulimbitsa njira ndi njira zodzikongoletsera (2019) - Ndemanga: Kuonera zolaula kwanthawi yaitali kwachititsa kuti anthu oterewa adziwe zolaula zowononga zolaula, zomwe zachititsa kuti zikhale zolakalaka kwambiri, kugwiritsira ntchito zithunzi zolaula pa Intaneti pazifukwa ziwiri zomwe zimayesedwa ndi kuwonongeka. Lingaliro la kukhutira komwe linapindulidwa kuchokera kwa ilo likufooka ndi lofooka, kotero zolaula zambiri pa intaneti zikufunikira kuti zikhale ndi maganizo oyamba m'maganizo ndi kukhala oledzera.
23. Malingaliro, kupewa, ndi kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo (2019) - Ndemanga: Mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zovuta, aphatikizidwa ku ICD-11 ngati chisokonezo cholamulira chisokonezo. Njira zodziwitsira za matendawa, komabe, ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka chifukwa cha zizolowezi…
24. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Zazovuta - Ndemanga: Kugwiritsa ntchito mwazovuta zolaula kumawoneka ngati kogwirizana ndi magawo angapo osanthula ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana munyama. Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka mkati mwa RDoC paradigm zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, ndizotheka kupanga mawonekedwe ogwirizana omwe magawo osiyanasiyana a kusanthula amakhudzana wina ndi mzake (mkuyu. 1). Kusintha kwamachitidwe amkati ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi SPPPU ndiwofanana ndi zomwe zimawonedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zosokoneza bongo, ndi mapu okhala mitundu yazosokoneza.
25. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a cybersex: kuwunikira mwachidule za chitukuko ndi chithandizo cha matenda omwe akungochitika kumene (2020) - Zolemba: CKuledzera kwa ybersex ndichizolowezi chosagwirizana ndi zinthu zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugonana pa intaneti. Masiku ano, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi kugonana kapena zolaula zimapezeka mosavuta kudzera pa intaneti. Ku Indonesia, zogonana nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi zolaula koma achinyamata ambiri amakhala ndi zolaula. Zimatha kuyambitsa chizolowezi chokhala ndi zovuta zambiri pa ogwiritsa ntchito, monga maubale, ndalama, komanso mavuto amisala monga nkhawa yayikulu komanso nkhawa.
26. Ndi Zinthu Ziti Zomwe Tiyenera Kuziwona Monga Zovuta M'gulu Lapadziko Lonse La Matenda (ICD-11) Kutchulidwa kwa "Zovuta Zina Zina Zotchulidwa Chifukwa Cha Zovuta Zowonjezera"? (2020) - Zolemba: Zambiri zodziwonetsa nokha, zomwe zimachitika, ma electrophysiological, ndi maphunziro a neuroimaging zimawonetsa zochitika zamaganizidwe am'munsi komanso zosakanikirana za neural zomwe zafufuzidwa ndikukhazikitsidwa madigiri osiyanasiyana amisala yosokoneza bongo ndi zovuta zamtundu wa masewera (gawo 3). Makhalidwe omwe adawonetsedwa m'maphunziro am'mbuyomu amaphatikizanso kukonzekera komanso kukhumba komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi zochitika zambiri mu ubongo zokhudzana ndi mphotho, kusamala kwatsoka, kupanga zisankho zosasangalatsa, komanso (zoyipa).
27. Chizolowezi Chomwe Amachita Pazokakamiza Kugonana Ndi Zovuta Zogwiritsa Ntchito Paintaneti: Kubwereza - Zolemba: Zotsatira zomwe zapezeka zikusonyeza kuti pali zinthu zingapo za CSBD ndi POPU zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zizolowezi zosokoneza bongo, ndikuti njira zothandizira pakulimbana ndi zizolowezi zamankhwala osokoneza bongo zimafunikira kulingalira zakusintha ndikugwiritsa ntchito pothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi CSBD ndi POPU…. Nthenda ya neurobiology ya POPU ndi CSBD imakhudza maulalo angapo omwe amagawana za neuroanatomical omwe ali ndi zovuta zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, njira zofananira zamankhwala am'mitsempha, komanso zosintha zama neurophysiological mu dongosolo la mphotho ya dopamine.
28. Makhalidwe ogonana osakwanira: tanthauzo, zochitika zamankhwala, mbiri ya neurobiological ndi chithandizo (2020) - Zolemba: Zizolowezi zolaula, ngakhale ndizosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogonana, zimakhalabe zizolowezi zachiwerewere… .Kuimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi kwa zizolowezi zolaula kumabweretsa mavuto m'maganizo, chisangalalo, komanso kukondana komanso kugonana ... .Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mozama kumathandizira kuyambika kwamalingaliro zovuta ndi zovuta zamaubwenzi…
29. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kuphatikizidwa pamiyeso yokhudzana ndi zovuta zakugonana? (2020) - Zolemba: Gulu la CSBD ngati vuto lowongolera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azilingalira. … Kafukufuku wowonjezerapo atha kuthandiza kuwunika mtundu woyenera wa CSBD monga zidachitikira ndi vuto la kutchova juga, kusinthidwa kuchokera pagulu lazovuta zakuwongolera zomwe sizikuyenda kapena zosokoneza mu DSM-5 ndi ICD-11. … Kutengeka mtima sikungatithandizire kukhala ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito zolaula monga ena afotokozera (Bőthe et al., 2019).
30. Kupanga zisankho mu Kutchova Juga, Zovuta Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito, ndi Binge-Eating Disorder: Zofanana ndi Kusiyana (2021) - Zolemba: Zofanana pakati pa CSBD ndi zosokoneza bongo zafotokozedwa, ndikulephera kuwongolera, kugwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza ngakhale zitakhala zovuta, komanso zizolowezi zosankha zowopsa zitha kugawidwa (37••, 40). Anthu omwe ali ndi zovuta izi nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kuwongolera kuzindikira komanso kupanga zisankho zoyipa [12, 15,16,17]. Zofooka pakupanga zisankho komanso kuphunzira mozindikira zolinga zapezeka pamavuto osiyanasiyana.

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Critique ya Ley et al., 2014 (David Ley, Chithunzi cha Nicole(Peter Finn)

Pa February 12, 2014, buku lakuti “ The Emperor Has No Clothes: A review of the ‘Pornography Addiction’ model ” lolembedwa ndi David Ley , Nicole Prause ndi Peter Finn, linatuluka mu gawo la “Current Controversies” la Current Sexual Health Reports . Olemba a magaziniyi analimbikitsidwa ndi olemba ake (“ Ley et al .”) kuti “No Clothes” inali review yeniyeni , kotero kuti panalibe maganizo otsutsana omwe anafunika kuti apereke chithunzi chonse cha mkangano wokhudza chizolowezi cha zolaula kwa owerenga magaziniyi.

Tsoka, "kuwunikanso" uku sikungokhala cholinga. M'malo mwake, sikunali kuwunikiradi kwenikweni kwa mabukuwo. Ndemanga zowona zimafotokozera zomwe zidafufuzidwa ndikusankha mawu osakira ndi mawu omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito pakusaka. M'malo mwake, Ley et al. chimakhala chotsika chatsopano pakunyenga zolemba zamaphunziro kuti zizigwiritsa ntchito njira zosaganizira zandale. Kwa zaka zambiri, gulu lokhazikika la akatswiri azakugonana (onani pamwambapa) lakhala likunyalanyaza zomwe zikuwonjezereka za asayansi amisala omwe amaphunzira za achinyamata, zizolowezi zamakhalidwe ndi zikhalidwe zogonana, zomwe, palimodzi, zitha kupititsa patsogolo mwachangu gawo la sexology kuchokera mu Mibadwo Yake Yamdima kupita ku kuwala kwa sayansi yamakono. Apa akatswiri azakugonana omwe ali ndi ziwonetsero zoyesayesa amayesetsa kupumira moyo m'malankhulidwe awo omwe sanatchulidwepo pogwiritsa ntchito mawu onyoza omwe amawoneka ngati kuwunika kwasayansi.

Ntchito yawo yapano? Kuti tipeze malingaliro akuti "Anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi sangakhale osokoneza bongo chifukwa amangokhala anthu opupuluma, ofunafuna chidwi ndi ma libidos apamwamba." Osadandaula kuti kuzolowera komwe kumatulutsa zizindikilo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti omwe ali osokoneza bongo azichita zinthu mopupuluma (osadzionetsera), ofunitsitsa kumva (kukhudzika) ndikukonda kulakalaka (zomwe Ley et al. Amayesetsa kuthana ndi chilakolako chogonana).

Monga tidzafotokozera pansipa mwatsatanetsatane, olemba "zowunikira" izi:

1. kuteteza kuwonongedwa kwawo kwauchidakwa pamaziko a maphunziro omwe ali ngati zaka 25, osanyalanyaza zochitika zambiri zamakono, zotsutsana / ndemanga zomwe zikuwonetsa mgwirizanowu wa akatswiri.
2. musadziwe (kapena musanthule) maphunziro ochuluka a ubongo pa intaneti. Onse amasonyeza umboni wovuta kuti zokopa kudzera pa intaneti zimakhala zoledzeretsa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena ndipo zimayambitsa ubongo womwe umagwirizanitsa ndi ubongo womwe umawoneka oledzera. Mndandanda wamakono umapezeka kumapeto kwa zovutazi.
3. samanyalanyaza kafukufuku woyamba wofalitsa ubongo wochitidwa pa intaneti zolaula / kulamulira ku yunivesite ya Cambridge (tsopano yafalitsidwa), zomwe zimasokoneza zomwe iwo akuganiza.
4. Chotsani maphunziro onse osindikizidwa omwe akuwonetsa zovuta zoyipa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula chifukwa choti ndi "chabe" zolumikizana, kenako ndikupereka umboni wothandizira ziphunzitso zawo zazinyama maphunziro osiyanasiyana ogwirizana. Tigawana maphunziro ambiri oyenerera Ley et al. anapeza osayenera kutchulidwa.
5. Cherry-sankhani mwachisawawa, mizere yosocheretsa yochokera mkati mwa maphunziro, kulephera kufotokoza zomwe akatswiriwo akutsutsa.
6. tsatirani maphunziro ochuluka omwe sali oyenera kwenikweni kuzinenedwa zopangidwa.

Aliyense wodziwa bwino zolemba za olemba awiri oyamba a ndemangayi, Ley ndi Prause, sangadabwe. Olemba otsogola awa adzichotsa kale kukhala owunikira osakondera. David Ley, dokotala komanso mlendo wolankhula pafupipafupi wopanda chidziwitso cha sayansi ya ubongo, ndiye wolemba buku lakuti The Myth of Sex Addiction. Nicole Prause, wophunzira wa ku Kinsey yemwe tsopano wasiya maphunziro ake , akupanga maphunziro omwe, malinga ndi iye yekha, amatsutsa yekha kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi cholaula. Ntchito yake yolakwika yatsutsidwa kwambiri ndipo matanthauzidwe ake akukayikiridwa.

Chifukwa chiyani olemba awa amachita zosokoneza zamtunduwu? Kutengera ndi zomwe ananena kumapeto kwa "Palibe Zovala," wina amadabwa ngati kukondera kwawo kumabwera chifukwa chofuna "kugonana" kosatsimikizika. Amawoneka kuti amasokoneza zolaula pa intaneti, ngakhale zolaula zapaintaneti masiku ano zikuwonetsa kuti ndi "zosayenera zogonana" kwa owonera achinyamata ambiri chifukwa cha zovuta zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa zolaula. Mwanjira ina olembawo amadzinyenga okha kuti anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa ndi zovuta zakugonana pa intaneti sakonda zogonana kapena samalemekeza ufulu wa munthu komanso malingaliro osiyanasiyana ogonana. Ndizothekanso kuti ma egos awo, komanso kuchita bwino pantchito ndi bizinesi, tsopano amangidwa pamalo awo.

Mulimonsemo, chifukwa chimodzi chomwe owerengera ngati Ley et al. kupulumuka ndikukula ndikuti atolankhani, ndipo omwe akuwoneka kuti sanadziwitse anzawo, samafufuza kawirikawiri umboni wokayika womwe amapumira. Zachisoni, akatswiri enieni, odziwa zambiri pazokonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo alibe nthawi yothetsera zosokoneza izi. M'malo mwake, mtundu wa magazini yomwe "Palibe Zovala" nthawi zambiri imachokera ku radar yawo. Zachidziwikire, kukhala chete kwa akatswiri osokoneza bongo sikuyenera kutengedwa ngati mgwirizano apa. Mwachitsanzo, tinapempha katswiri wadziko lonse ku DeltaFosB zomwe amaganiza za ndemanga zokhudzana ndi zomwe David Ley adalemba kwa mtolankhani wina za DeltaFosB:

Chitsanzo cha kugonana pakati pa kugonana pakati pa makoswe, komwe ndi komwe Delta FosB yawerengedwera, ndi khalidwe lachiwerewere. Njira yokhayo pakalipano yophunzirira Delta FosB kwa anthu monga momwe ingagwirizane ndi kugonana ingatipangitse kuganizira kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso khalidwe lachiwerewere monga umboni wa kusintha kwa ubongo wa Delta FosB mofanana ndi chizolowezi chogonana. Apanso, tikutchula khalidwe lachiwerewere lachiwerewere ngati matenda.

Katswiriyo anati zomwe Ley ananena zikumveka ngati “ sewero loipa la Saturday Night Live .”

Kunena zoona, palibe kafukufuku wa ΔFosB amene adachitikapo okhudza makoswe ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. N'zosatheka kuti wina aliyense anganene kuti akuphunzira za udindo wa ΔFosB pa chizolowezi mwa anthu pogwiritsa ntchito amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Mawu a Ley akuoneka ngati nkhani yongopeka yofuna kusokoneza omvera ake poyambitsa mantha a kusankhana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha popanda chifukwa chilichonse. Kodi owunikira anzawo angalole bwanji mawu ofanana ndi omwe ali mu ndemangayo kuti afike pachimake? Zodabwitsa.

N’chifukwa chiyani Ley, Prause ndi Finn amayesetsa kwambiri kunyoza ΔFosB? Chifukwa ndi chimodzi mwa umboni wochuluka wa sayansi wakuti kuledzera ndi zenizeni zamoyo, osati mfundo monga momwe amanenera. Kuledzera kwa mankhwala ndi kuledzera kwa khalidwe (kuphatikizapo, ndithudi, kuledzera kwa khalidwe la kugonana) kumachokera ku kusintha kwa njira ndi njira zomwezo za ubongo. Onani " Mphoto Zachilengedwe, Kusokonezeka kwa Mitsempha, ndi Kuledzera Kosagwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo" (2011)

Ndipotu, zanenedwanso kuti tsiku lina kuchuluka kwa ΔFosB kungasonyeze momwe munthu alili ndi chizolowezi choledzera kwambiri komanso komwe akuchira. Mwachidule, kukhalapo kwa kafukufuku wa ΔFosB kumathetsa malingaliro ongopeka omwe Ley et al. adawonetsa pankhani ya chizolowezi. Chifukwa chake chikhumbo chawo chofuna kusokoneza owerenga kuti asaganizire za zotsatira za ΔFosB.

Kusazindikira kochititsa mantha kwa Ley et al. Ndikuwonetsanso koyambirira kwa ntchito yawo. Amanena kuti ma opioid okha ndi omwe angayambitse kusuta. Osati chikonga, osati mowa, osati cocaine, osati kutchova njuga, osati intaneti… ma opioid okha. Wina amadabwa momwe wowerengera anzawo akadadalitsira chonamizira choterechi, chomwe chimawuluka ngakhale patadutsa zaka makumi ambiri za kafukufuku wamankhwala wochitidwa ndi akatswiri odziwa zaukadaulo osokoneza bongo. Ngati zizolowezi zoonekeratu monga chikonga kapena cocaine sizikugwirizana ndi zomwe olembawo akuwona kuti ndizovuta, zikuwonekeratu kuti palibe umboni uliwonse wasayansi womwe ungawatsimikizire kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti ndi zenizeni. Kodi "kubwereza" koteroko kungatengeredwe bwanji?

Komabe, tifufuza zina mwa zomwe akunena motsatira mawonekedwe awo. Njira yawo yonse ndikukana umboni wochuluka wosonyeza kuti kuledzera ndi zenizeni zamoyo zomwe zili ndi zinthu zodziwika bwino, kenako n’kulemba mwatsatanetsatane njira zawo (zachisawawa) zoledzera zolaula zomwe amafuna umboni. Mobwerezabwereza amanena kuti, popeza “palibe umboni” wa zinthuzi zomwe zasankhidwa mwachisawawa, kuledzera kulibe. Mwachidule, amapanga “gulu lankhondo la udzu,” lomwe amati amaligwetsa, koma lomwe katswiri wa zamaganizo angadziwe kuti silikugwirizana ndi kutsimikizira kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi. Tsoka ilo, anganyenge owerenga omwe alibe mbiri yayitali ya chizolowezi.

Anthu amene akufuna kutsatira akhoza kuwerenga nkhani yonse ya “Osavala.” Mitu ya nkhani yatengedwa kuchokera mu ndemanga yeniyeniyo, ndipo mawu ochokera mu ndemanga ya Ley alembedwa motsindika, mopendekeka komanso mofiirira.

Introduction

Ley ndi anzake ena amati ' Kusuta zolaula' ndi chizindikiro chimodzi chomwe chagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pofotokoza kuonera zithunzi zogonana pafupipafupi . Pofuna kufotokoza bwino, monga momwe ASAM, American Society of Addiction Medicine (madokotala ndi ofufuza opitilira 3000 osuta) ndi ena adagogomezera, chizolowezi chilichonse ndi matenda oyamba (osati chizindikiro cha matenda ena monga momwe Ley ndi anzake amanenera mu "Osavala Zovala"). Chimadziwika ndi kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha chizolowezi kuwonjezera pa makhalidwe omwe adziwika bwino omwe amasonyeza kusinthako, monga kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito ngakhale zotsatirapo zoyipa.

Ngakhale kuti chizolowezi choonera zolaula chingaphatikizepo kuonera kwambiri, kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti nthawi yomwe munthu amagwiritsa ntchito si chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa mavuto pakugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. M'malo mwake, ndi kuchuluka kwa chilakolako ndi kuchuluka kwa mapulogalamu omwe atsegulidwa (ludzu la zinthu zatsopano). Onani 123 “ Kuonera zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti: udindo wa kukonda kugonana ndi zizindikiro zamaganizo ndi zamaganizo pakugwiritsa ntchito malo ogonana pa intaneti mopitirira muyeso .” (2011)

Zidule: Nthawi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa malo ochezera a pa intaneti (mphindi patsiku) sinathandize kwambiri kufotokozera kusiyana kwa chiwerengero cha [mayeso a kuledzera]. …

Kupeza ... kumatha kutanthauziridwa potengera maphunziro am'mbuyomu pakuyambiranso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lokonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kafukufuku wina adapezanso kuti cue reactivity (muyeso wa chizolowezi), osati kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito, inali yofunika kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi vuto: " Kuzolowera kugonana pa intaneti: Kulakalaka kugonana mukamayang'ana zolaula osati kugonana kwenikweni kumapangitsa kusiyana" (2013)

Zidule: Zotsatira zake zikusonyeza kuti zizindikiro za chilakolako chogonana komanso chilakolako cha zolaula pa intaneti zinaneneratu zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti mu kafukufuku woyamba. Kuphatikiza apo, zawonetsedwa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti omwe ali ndi vuto amanena kuti chilakolako chachikulu chogonana chimabwera chifukwa cha kuwonetsedwa kwa zithunzi zolaula. …

Zotsatira zake zimathandizira lingaliro la kukhutitsidwa, lomwe limatanthauza kulimbikitsa, njira zophunzirira, ndi chikhumbo chofunikira pakukula ndi kusunga chizolowezi cha kugonana pa intaneti . (kugogomezera kwina)

Mwa kuyankhula kwina, maphunzirowa sakugwirizana ndi lingaliro lakuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana omwe sangathe kuchitapo kanthu mokwanira m'moyo weniweni ndipo ayenera kulipira kuchepa kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. M'malo mwake, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ovuta amawonetsa kukhudzidwa kwakukulu ndi zizindikiro, monga momwe ena omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zolaula amachitira. Mwanjira ina, kafukufuku wa ubongo wa Cambridge University pa anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zolaula adapeza kukhudzidwa komweko ndi zizindikiro, ndipo palibe umboni wa chilakolako chachikulu chogonana mwa omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zomwe adayesedwa. Choopsa kwambiri, kafukufuku wina watsopano wopangidwa ndi akatswiri a ubongo wokhudzana ndi zizolowezi zolaula pa ubongo wa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula, adapeza kusintha kwa ubongo ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo ngakhale mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula moyenera . Onani " Kapangidwe ka Ubongo ndi Kulumikizana Kogwira Ntchito Kogwirizana ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zithunzi Zolaula: Ubongo pa Zithunzi Zolaula ."

Ley ndi anzake akunena kuti asayansi omwe amafufuza za khalidwe la kugonana lomwe limachitika pafupipafupi 'samafotokoza kawirikawiri makhalidwe amenewa ngati chizolowezi (37% ya nkhani) [ 2 ] . Choyamba, Ley ndi anzake tsopano akulankhula za "makhalidwe ogonana," kawirikawiri, osati maphunziro omwe adafufuza ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula, kotero kuchuluka kwawo sikuli kofunikira.

Chidule chachiwiri chikutsimikizira kuti maphunziro osiyanasiyana amagwiritsa ntchito mayina osiyanasiyana pa zizolowezi zosiyanasiyana zamakhalidwe. Izi sizachilendo m'munda wa thanzi la maganizo. Mwachitsanzo, matenda a bi-polar akhala akutchedwa ndi mayina ambiri, koma akadali vuto lomwelo. Ngakhale DSM-5 imagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana pofotokozera zizolowezi. Ndiye chiyani? Mawu osokoneza a DSM mwina amanena zambiri za ndale za bungwe la DSM ndi magulu antchito kuposa zenizeni za chizolowezi.

Mwachibadwa, olemba awa (komanso ena m'munda wa zachiwerewere) amakana poyera chizolowezi chogonana, ndipo nthawi zina chizolowezi chonse cha khalidwe, monga "sayansi yachinyengo." Maganizo awo ndi omveka kwa aliyense wodziwa bwino mabuku omwe amafalitsa. Akuluakulu a fodya amakanabe chizolowezi cha nicotine. Ndipotu, n'zodabwitsa kuti 37% ya maphunziro omwe adawunikidwawo adagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti 'chizolowezi', chifukwa ofufuza za kugonana ( kuphatikizapo Prause ) omwe amapanga nkhani zamaphunziro pankhaniyi ayesetsa kwambiri kupewa 'chizolowezi' komanso kuwunika anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi (zomwe zimafunika kuchita mu kafukufuku weniweni wa chizolowezi).

Kenako olemba athu olimba mtima amanena kuti asayansi ambiri 'anakana moonekeratu chitsanzo cha chizolowezi choledzera [ 3, 4 ] . ' Izi sizowona , ndipo palibe mawu awo omwe akugwirizana ndi zomwe akunena kuti asayansi "ambiri" "anakana moonekeratu" chitsanzo cha chizolowezi choledzera cha chizolowezi chogonana. Ndipo mawu onsewa sakugwirizana ndi kafukufuku wa asayansi a ubongo omwe ali ndi chizolowezi choledzera, omwe adatsimikiza poyera kuti ndi osiyana.

Eric Nestler PhD, mkulu wa Nestler Lab (Molecular Psychiatry) ku Mount Sinai's Icahn School of Medicine akulemba za kuledzera:

N'zosakayikitsa kuti ubongo womwewo umasintha mu zovuta zina zomwe zimaphatikizapo kudyetsa madalitso achilengedwe, mikhalidwe monga kudya, kutchova njuga, kuledzera, ndi zina zotero.

Kuchokera ku lipoti la atolankhani la ASAM :

CHEVY CHASE, MD, August 15, 2011 - American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) yamasulira malingaliro atsopano okhudzana ndi kusokoneza bongo ndi matenda aakulu a ubongo osati kungokhala ndi khalidwe lakumwa mowa kwambiri, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, njuga kapena kugonana .

George F. Koob (Mtsogoleri wa National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism) ndi Nora D. Volkow (mtsogoleri wa National Institute on Drug Abuse) adafalitsa pepala lofunika kwambiri mu The New England Journal of Medicine: Neurobiologic Advances from the Brain Disease Model of Addiction (2016) . Pepalali likufotokoza kusintha kwakukulu kwa ubongo komwe kumakhudzana ndi zizolowezi za mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso khalidwe, pomwe likunena m'ndime yake yoyamba kuti chizolowezi chogonana chilipo:

"Timaganiza kuti sayansi ya ubongo ikupitirizabe kuthandizira chitsanzo cha matenda a ubongo a chizolowezi. Kafukufuku wa sayansi ya ubongo m'derali samangopereka mwayi watsopano wopewera ndi kuchiza zizolowezi zoledzeretsa ndi zizolowezi zokhudzana ndi khalidwe (monga chakudya, kugonana , ndi kutchova juga)…."

Chidule chachitatu chachokera mu 2000. “ Matenda ogonana omwe sanatchulidwe mwanjira ina: kukakamiza, kuledzera, kapena kupupuluma? ” Kwenikweni chimanena kuti DSM iyenera kuphatikizapo njira zodziwira matenda omwe ali pansi pa mayina osiyanasiyana:

Chidule: Umboni wokulirapo umatsimikizira kukhalapo kwa matenda enaake omwe amadziwika ndi malingaliro obwerezabwereza komanso amphamvu okhudzana ndi kugonana, chilakolako chogonana, kapena machitidwe okhudzana ndi machitidwe omwe sali kunja kwa tanthauzo la paraphilia. Tikupangira kuti gulu la DSM-IV la matenda ogonana lisinthidwe kuti liphatikizepo njira zodziwira matenda omwe amadziwika ndi zizindikiro za hypersexual.

Chidule chachinayi sichimakana lingaliro la chizolowezi chogonana. (“ Kodi Matenda Okhudzana ndi Kugonana [HD] Ayenera Kuonedwa Ngati Chizolowezi Choledzera? ”) Ndipotu, chimati “ deta yomwe ilipo ikusonyeza kuti kuganizira HD mkati mwa dongosolo la chizolowezi kungakhale koyenera komanso kothandiza. ” Mwachidule, zenizeni ndi zosiyana ndi “kukana moonekeratu” chitsanzo cha chizolowezi, chomwe Ley et al. adatchulapo zinthuzi.

Taganiziraninso ndemanga iyi, yomwe Ley et al. mwachionekere sanaione: “ Kugonana ndi Zizolowezi Zosayenera ” (2010)

Zidule: Zinthu zingapo zachipatala, monga kuganizira kwambiri za khalidwe lamtunduwu, nthawi yomwe munthu amathera akuchita zinthu zogonana, kupitiriza khalidweli ngakhale kuti zotsatira zake ndi zoipa, kuyesetsa mobwerezabwereza komanso kosaphula kanthu komwe kumachitika pofuna kuchepetsa khalidweli, zikuthandizira vuto losokoneza bongo. …

Zochitika za matenda ogonana osasinthasintha kwambiri zimakonda kuganiziridwa kwake ngati khalidwe loledzera , osati vuto lokakamiza, kapena lolamulira malingaliro. (kugogomezera kwina)

Kenako Ley ndi anzake anatchula DSM-5, yomwe yatsimikizira kuti kutchova juga ndi vuto la chizolowezi choledzera pambuyo pa zaka makumi ambiri za sayansi yolimba, koma sinawonjezerepo chizolowezi cha intaneti kapena chizolowezi cha zolaula pa intaneti. Izi sizosadabwitsa chifukwa maphunziro ambiri a ubongo pa chizolowezi cha intaneti ndi ochepa komanso aposachedwa kwambiri kuposa maphunziro ambiri a kutchova juga - ndipo DSM-5 imadziwika kuti ndi yochedwa komanso yandale m'malo mwa yasayansi.

Ley ndi anzake amagwiritsa ntchito mawu onyenga kutanthauza kuti DSM inatchula izi pochirikiza maganizo ake, “ Kuphatikiza [chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti] ngati chizolowezi kungafunike kafukufuku wasayansi wofalitsidwa womwe ulibe pakadali pano . ” Komabe mawu awa adaperekedwa kwa Ley ndi anzake okha kudzera mu kulumikizana kwaumwini kuchokera kwa wapampando wa Charles O’Brien wa DSM-5 Work Group on Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders. Komabe, zikuwoneka kuti DSM pamapeto pake idzaphatikizapo chizolowezi chogonana, chifukwa kafukufuku wa chizolowezi chonse cha intaneti ukuwonjezeka ndipo ukugwirizana ndi kafukufuku wa chizolowezi chogonana ndi njuga. Charles O’Brien yemweyo mu 2013,

Lingaliro la zosokoneza bongo zosagwirizana ndi mankhwala likhoza kukhala lachilendo kwa anthu ena, koma ife omwe tikuphunzira njira zosokoneza timalandira umboni wamphamvu kuchokera kuzofufuza za nyama ndi anthu kuti kuledzera ndi vuto la mphotho ya mphotho yaubongo, ndipo sikuti zilibe kanthu ngati dongosololi limayambitsidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi juga kapena mowa kapena chinthu china.

Komanso, Dr. Richard Krueger , membala wa gulu la ogwira ntchito yemwe adathandizira kusintha gawo la matenda ogonana la DSM-5 , sakukayikira kuti "chizolowezi cha zolaula ndi chenicheni ndipo pamapeto pake chidzakopa chidwi chokwanira kuti chizindikirike ngati matenda amisala ."

Ponyalanyaza mosasamala zonse ziwiri (1) zomwe DSM inanena kuti kutchova juga ndi vuto losokoneza bongo (monga chizolowezi chochita zinthu mopitirira muyeso) ndi (2) zaka zambiri za chizolowezi chosokoneza bongo chomwe chikuwonetsa kuti zizolowezi, zamakhalidwe ndi zamankhwala, ndi vuto limodzi lokha, olemba athu otsutsa sayansi kenako amachotsa mopanda tsankho zizolowezi zonse zamakhalidwe (kuphatikizapo kutchova juga).

Choyamba, amatsutsa chizolowezi cha zakudya ponyalanyaza kafukufuku wochuluka pankhaniyi ndipo amatchula zonse ziwiri 5 , kafukufuku wothandizidwa ndi makampani opanga shuga, makamaka WorldSugar Research (yothandizidwa ndi Coca-Cola), ndi 6 “Kunenepa kwambiri ndi ubongo: kodi chitsanzo cha chizolowezichi n’chotsimikizika bwanji?” Chomalizachi chimapereka mfundo yabwino, koma olemba ake amasangalala nacho, ndipo mfundo zake ziyenera kuganiziridwa poganizira maphunziro ambiri otsutsana, monga “ Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chizolowezi: kuphatikizika kwa mitsempha yamagazi ” ndi “ Njira zodziwika bwino za maselo ndi mamolekyu mu kunenepa kwambiri ndi chizolowezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo .”

Kenako Ley ndi anzake akutsutsa chizolowezi cha intaneti ponena za 7 , kafukufuku wochokera mu 2001. Komabe, pafupifupi maphunziro onse okhudzana ndi chizolowezi cha intaneti achitika m'zaka 4 mpaka 5 zapitazi. Ntchito yaposachedwapa ikuwonetsa malingaliro a Ley ndi anzake kuti chizolowezi cha intaneti si chenicheni. Maphunziro a ubongo awa a ~330 alembedwa patsamba lino.

Kenako Ley ndi anzake akutsutsa chizolowezi cha kutchova juga, ponena za 8 , yomwe ndi mbiri yakale kuyambira zaka 25 zapitazo. Nthawi yomweyo amanyalanyaza maphunziro ambiri omwe akuwonetsa kusintha kwa ubongo mwa anthu omwe amatchova juga monga omwe ali muubongo wa anthu omwe amatchova juga, komanso momwe DSM imagwirira ntchito. Onani “ Kufanana ndi kusiyana pakati pa kutchova juga kwa matenda ndi matenda ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo: kuyang'ana kwambiri pa kusakhazikika ndi kukakamiza ” (2012) ndi “ Neurobiology ya machitidwe a kutchova juga .” Kunena zoona, n'kovuta kupewa kunena kuti Ley ndi anzake ndi “asayansi abodza.”

Pochirikiza zomwe akunena kuti “mfumu sivala zovala,” Ley ndi anzake adalemba mawu otsatirawa mu chikalata cha 1991 cha purezidenti wa APA 9 , chomwe chikuwoneka kuti sichikugwirizana ndi chilichonse.

Kenako, Ley ndi anzake amakhumudwa ndi mawu oti "zolaula" m'maphunziro okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ponena za 11 , nkhani yowunikira malamulo yomwe si yokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Amafuna kuti mawu osakondera agwiritsidwe ntchito ponena za 12 , chinthu chomwe sichikugwirizana ndi malangizo okhudza mawu olaula.

Ley ndi anzake amanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula sikukuwoneka kuti kukuwonjezeka ngakhale kuti kukupezeka kwambiri , ndipo kuonera VSS ku USA kwakhalabe kokhazikika (pafupifupi 22%) kuyambira 1973. Chithandizo chokha cha mawu osangalatsa awa ndi citation 20 , kusanthula komwe kumadalira makamaka mayankho azaka zambiri ku funso limodzi mu kafukufuku wa boma wa akazi akuluakulu wochitidwa ndi kuyankhulana payekha. Funso, lomwe linafunsidwa koyamba mu 1973, ndi lakuti “ Kodi mwawona filimu yoyesedwa X chaka chatha? (0=ayi; 1=inde) .”

Ofufuzawo kenaka anayerekezera kuchuluka kwa azimayi onse achikulire omwe anati "inde" kuwona kanema kanema wa X (zomwe zimatheka kokha m'malo ochitira zisudzo nthawi imeneyo) ndi azimayi omwe amati amaonera zolaula pa intaneti masiku ano. Amafika pamapeto osangalatsa kuti kuwonera zolaula azimayi azaka zonse sizinasinthe kwenikweni.

Iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino yowonera mafilimu a maapulo ndi malalanje. Choyamba, filimu yojambulidwa ndi X m'ma 70s (ganizirani " Last Tango In Paris ") mwina singakhale yojambulidwa ndi X lero. Mosakayikira, chiwerengero cha akazi a mu 1973 omwe amaonera zolaula za hardcore masiku ano chikanakhala pafupifupi 0%. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chiwerengero cha atsikana omwe amaonera filimu yojambulidwa ndi X mu 2010 chinali 33%. M'malo mwake, ndiko kuwonjezeka kuchoka pa zero kufika pa mmodzi mwa atatu, ndipo kuchokera pa mmodzi mwa asanu mu 1993. Sizikukhazikika kwenikweni.

Chachiwiri, kuonera "kanema wojambulidwa ndi X" sikunena chilichonse chokhudza mitundu ina ya zolimbikitsa zachiwerewere pa intaneti (zomwe zingachititse kuti munthu azichita zinthu mopitirira muyeso), zomwe ena mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti masiku ano amagwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, monga kuonera makanema azithunzi zolaula, kugwiritsa ntchito makamera apa intaneti, zolaula zolembedwa zokopa masiku ano, zithunzi zosatha zamabuku kapena zolaula zojambulidwa monga hentai.

Komanso, kodi ziwerengero za kuonera mafilimu zomwe zili ndi X-rated zikukhudzana bwanji ndi chizolowezi choonera zolaula ? Kodi kafukufuku wofunsa yemwe adamwa chakumwa chimodzi chaka chatha angathandize pa ndemanga yokhudza chizolowezi chomwa mowa?

Ngati Ley ndi anzake akukhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwa zolaula ndikofunikira kwambiri pa kafukufuku wawo, bwanji sanatchule kafukufuku wophatikizapo amuna? N’chifukwa chiyani sanalekanitse anthu okhala m’makompyuta, omwe akuwoneka kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso pa intaneti, kutengera mfundo yakuti ndi omwe ali ambiri mwa mamembala a pa intaneti omwe amachira? N’chifukwa chiyani sanayerekezere kuchuluka kwa zolaula zomwe amaonera? N’chifukwa chiyani m’malo mwake amachotsa kafukufuku wopanda pakeyu ngati chithandizo chokhacho cha zomwe amanena kuti kuchuluka kwa zolaula ndi 22% komanso kokhazikika? Taganizirani zina mwa kafukufuku wotsutsana womwe sananyalanyaze, momwe ziwerengero zingasiyanire ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pakati pa akuluakulu atsopano mu 1973:

• Chibadwo XXX: Kulaula Kuvomerezeka ndi Kugwiritsidwa Ntchito Pakati pa Okalamba Achikulire (2008) - Pafupifupi anyamata a 9 ochokera ku 10 (87%) anyamata ndi pafupifupi theka lachitatu (31%) la atsikana amalemba zolaula.
• Kukula ndi kugwirizanitsa khalidwe la kugonana pakati pa ophunzira a yunivesite: phunziro ku Hefei, China (2012) - Amuna anafotokoza zambiri zogonana (84.6%), kudzipatula kwina (70.3%), ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mavidiyo oonera zolaula (86.3%). Zindikirani: zolaula zimaletsedwa mwalamulo ku China.
• Kusiyana kwa kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi pakati pa amuna ndi akazi achiwerewere (2006) - Ku Denmark 97.8% ya amuna ndi 79.5% ya akazi adawonera zolaula pakati pa anthu 1002 azaka zapakati pa 18-30.
• X-Rated: Maganizo ndi zikhalidwe zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa achinyamata a US omwe ali achinyamata oyambirira kuwonetsedwa ndi zolaula zolaula (2009) - Avereji ya zaka 13.5: Awiri mwa magawo atatu (66%) a amuna ndi amodzi (atatu) (39%) azimayi anali atawona mtundu umodzi wa zolaula zolaula m'chaka chatha.
• Zimene Achinyamata Amadzifunsa Zokhudza Kugonana pa Intaneti (2006) - 71% ya anyamata achichepere ndi 40% a atsikana achichepere anali atawonekera pazinthu zina zolaula pa Intaneti pa miyezi ya 6 isanayambe kuyankhulana.
• Zithunzi zolaula, Zochitika zokhudzana ndi kugonana, Zamoyo, ndi kudzikonda Zomwe zilipo pakati pa anyamata achichepere ku Sweden (2013) - Pafupifupi anyamata onse, 96% (n = 453), adayang'ana zolaula. Omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula (tsiku ndi tsiku) (10%, n = 47) amasiyana ndi ogwiritsa ntchito (63%, n = 292) ndi osagwiritsa ntchito (27%, n = 126).
• Kodi Kuwonera Kufotokozera Kuchita? Kuwunika Mgwirizano pakati pa Zida Zogonana Zogwiritsira Ntchito ndi Kugonana Mwachidwi mu Chitsanzo Chachikulu cha Achinyamata Achichepere ndi Achinyamata (2013) - Kafukufuku wofufuza pa intaneti wa achinyamata 4,600, azaka 15-25 ... adapeza kuti 88% ya amuna ndi 45% ya akazi adadya SEM m'miyezi 12 yapitayi.
• Zochitika zogonana pa Intaneti zokhudzana ndi kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha: kugwirizana kwa amayi ndi kusiyana (2011) - Mu Shaughnessy et al. (2011) kafukufuku wa achinyamata a ku Canada, okalamba a 18 mpaka zaka 28, 85.8% a amuna ndi 39.3% a akazi adanena kuti afufuza zolaula pa Intaneti.
• Gawo la 2016, Kufufuza kwa nthawi yaitali anthu akuluakulu a 2600 18 kapena wamkulu anapeza kuti mu 2006, "39% a akuluakulu a ku America mu Wave 1 amawona zolaula zamtundu wina m'mwezi yapitayi ya 12. Mogwirizana ndi kafukufuku wakale, pafupifupi amuna katatu (59%) amawona zolaula monga akazi (20%). "(Kugogomezedwa kwina)
• Ndipo a phunziro 2014 yomwe inachitidwa pa foni inati pulogalamu ya nthumwi ya amuna ndi akazi a 20,094 a zaka za 16-69 inasonyeza kuti 63% ya amuna ndipo 20% ya akazi adayang'ana zolaula chaka chatha.

Maphunziro ambiri okhudza kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula.

Ley ndi anzake akupereka ziyerekezo za amuna ndi akazi omwe amanena za zochitika zogonana zosalamulirika. Ziyerekezo zochokera ku zitsanzo zoimira dziko lonse zikusonyeza kuti 0.8% ya amuna ndi 0.6% ya akazi amanena za machitidwe ogonana osalamulirika omwe amasokoneza moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku [ 23 ].

Mawu awa akusonyeza kuti Ley ndi anzake sanachite zinthu mwachilungamo. Choyamba, kuyerekezera kwawo kumadalira pa ndemanga 23 , kafukufuku amene sakunena za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Ofufuzawo ananena mwachindunji kuti, “ Sitinafunse za zolaula .” Zinali zokhudza zochitika zogonana, maloto ndi zilakolako . Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kafukufukuyu alibe malo mu ndemanga ya “chizolowezi chogonana,” ndipo chinyengo chonse cha ziwerengero chomwe chili pambuyo pake sichinatanthauze kanthu.

Izi zati, ndiyenera kudziwa kuti a Ley, a Prause ndi a Finn mopanda manyazi adatenga zipatso za (zosafunikira). Pafupifupi 13% ya amuna ndi 7% ya akazi sanena zakugonana, koma Ley et al. ananyalanyaza magawo amenewo ndipo anangotchula kuti 0.8% ya amuna ndi 0.6% ya azimayi ati "zomwe amachita zogonana zasokoneza miyoyo yawo." Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula sikugonana. Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula moyenera kumakhalapo mwa anthu ena omwe amakhulupirira kuti "zachiwerewere zenizeni" sizisokoneza miyoyo yawo. "

Kenako Ley ndi anzake apanga mfundo yopanda maziko yakuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika nthawi zonse ndi gawo la "khalidwe lenileni la kugonana lomwe limasokoneza miyoyo ya ogwiritsa ntchito," ndipo akuti mavuto a zolaula angakhudze 0.58% ya amuna ndi 0.43% ya akazi ku USA . N'zosadabwitsa. Gwero la Ley ndi anzake (onani kukambirana kwa 24 pansipa) limati akatswiri adaganiza (mu 2012) kuti 8–17% ya ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti anali osokoneza bongo.

Mosiyana ndi ziwerengero zazing'ono za Ley et al., ofufuza mu " Kuonera Zithunzi Zolaula pa Intaneti: Kodi N'zovuta Kwa Ndani, Motani, Ndipo Chifukwa Chiyani? " adapeza kuti,

pafupifupi 20% -60% ya chitsanzo chomwe amawonera zolaula amaziwona kukhala zovuta malinga ndi malo omwe ali ndi chidwi. Mu phunziro ili, kuchuluka kwa kuwona sikukuneneratu kuchuluka kwa mavuto omwe anakumana nawo.

Mawerengedwe olakwika a Ley ndi anzake amaganizanso kuti aliyense amene ali ndi chizolowezi choonera zolaula amafuna chithandizo. Ndipotu, n'zotheka kuti ndi ochepa okha omwe amachita zimenezo. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani mamiliyoni a osuta fodya omwe amayesa kusiya chaka chilichonse ndi mamiliyoni omwe asiya m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi. N'zotheka kuti omwe adavutika popanda thandizo la akatswiri anali ambiri kuposa omwe adafuna chithandizocho. Apanso, munthu amadabwa momwe wowunikira anzawo, kapena wolemba nawo Finn, angalekerere malingaliro onyenga otere.

Zotsatira zabwino za VSS Ntchito

Ley, ndi ena amati anthu ambiri omwe amaonera VSS amakhulupirira kuti imasintha malingaliro awo pankhani yogonana [ 25 ] ndikuwonjezera moyo wawo [ 26 ] . Maphunziro omwe Ley ndi ena amanena ndi umboni wakuti zotsatira za zolaula ndizothandiza ( 24 , 25 , 26) sizokhutiritsa. Choyamba ( 24 ) chimapereka umboni wa zotsatira zoyipa za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula:

Chidule: Akatswiri amanena kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugonana mopitirira muyeso chikutanthauza kuonera zinthu zolaula pafupifupi 8-17% ya anthu ogwiritsa ntchito (Cooper, Delmonico, & Burg, 2000; Cooper, Scherer, Boies, & Gordon, 1999). Gulu la ogwiritsa ntchitoli likuwonetsa zizindikiro za khalidwe la kukakamizidwa kugonana (monga, kuthera maola 11 kapena kuposerapo pa sabata akuchita zogonana pa intaneti) ndipo limanena kuti munthu ali ndi mavuto komanso kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino (monga kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito kuntchito).

Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuzawo adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito "zithunzi zolaula" kotheka kumangokhala kwa akatswiri azachipatala komanso maphunziro.

Kafukufuku wachiwiri ( 25 ) makamaka ndi kafukufuku wa malonda wa anthu omwe amakonda zolaula (monga, "Ndi njira ziti zomwe mumakonda kukhala nazo mu zolaula?"), zomwe zinali ndi mafunso ochepa okhudza momwe akazi amaonera. Zinali zothandizidwa ndi makampani opanga zolaula. Monga gawo la kafukufuku wautali, funso lokhalo losamveka bwino lomwe linafunsidwa kuti "Kodi zolaula zakhudza bwanji malingaliro anu pankhani yogonana?" Kodi funsoli, kapena mayankho ake omwe angakhalepo ("zotsatira zabwino zazikulu," "zotsatira zoyipa zazing'ono," ndi zina zotero) zikutanthauza chiyani ? Kodi izi sizili ngati kufunsa anthu pa rave ngati kutenga nawo mbali pa rave kwakhudza maganizo awo pankhani ya ecstasy?

" Zotsatira zomwe munthu amazindikira chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula " ( 26 ) zimadaliranso momwe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amaonera (m'malo moyerekeza ndi omwe sagwiritsa ntchito kapena omwe kale anali kugwiritsa ntchito). Mafunso ake adasinthidwa kuti nthawi zonse apeze kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kukhala kopindulitsa chifukwa cha zochita zonse zogonana zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amaphunzira. Kodi ndi mfundo iti? Zithunzi zolaula zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, mumazikhulupirira kuti ndi zenizeni, ndipo mukaziseweretsa maliseche kwambiri, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri m'mbali iliyonse ya moyo wanu. Wow! Palibe ngakhale belu lozungulira pamenepo anthu. Pulofesa wamkulu wa zamaganizo komanso wowunikira John Johnson adatcha funsoli "maloto oopsa amisala," komabe Ley et al. amaliona ngati lodalirika. Onani ndemanga iyi ya kafukufukuyu.

Kunena zowona, "zabwino" zambiri zomwe Ley et al adanena. zimakhala zoyipa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula masiku ano. Nazi zina mwa zitsanzo zawo momwe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula angapindulire:

Ley Excerpt: kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kugonana kwa m'kamwa ndi m'matako [ 27 ] ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya machitidwe ogonana [ 28 ].

Kotero, pali phindu losayerekezeka? Mu " Kodi zolaula zimakhudza khalidwe la kugonana la atsikana achichepere? " (2003), ofufuza aku Sweden adapeza kuti mwa akazi 1000 omwe adafunsidwa ku chipatala chokonzekera kubereka, 4 mwa 5 adaonera zolaula. Pafupifupi theka adagonana ndi kumatako, ndipo ambiri adapeza kuti sizinali bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kunali 40% yokha, zomwe zikuwonetsa chiopsezo chofalitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana. Pakati pa anyamata achichepere aku Sweden omwe amapita kuchipatala chofanana, 99% adaonera zolaula ndipo theka adagonana ndi kumatako. 17% yokha ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makondomu nthawi zonse pogonana ndi kumatako. Amuna ndi akazi onse awiri adati kuonera zolaula kunakhudza khalidwe lawo.

Malinga ndi Mount Sinai : “Akukhulupirira kuti anthu ambiri akuchita zachiwerewere ndi anthu ambiri ndipo amachita zachiwerewere mkamwa ndipo chifukwa cha zimenezi akudwala HPV m’mutu ndi m’khosi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti [chiwerengero cha khansa ya m’kamwa ku US chiwonjezeke kangapo mpaka kanayi kapena kasanu.”

Chidule cha Ley: Kuwonjezeka kwa machitidwe ogonana kumeneku kungachitike mwa kuwonjezera kumverera kwa munthu kuti ali ndi mphamvu zoti apereke malingaliro atsopano ogonana kapena mwa kusintha makhalidwewo kukhala abwinobwino [ 29 ].

"Kuzolowera zizolowezi zakugonana" pamapeto pake kumakhala kochititsa mantha kwa achinyamata ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula chifukwa, pakufuna kwawo kosatha kwazinthu zatsopano, amapitilira mosavuta zolaula zosasangalatsa zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi zomwe amakonda kale zogonana. Ena amapita kumalo oterewa asanayambe kukayikira ngati zomwe akuwonerazo ndi "zabwinobwino."

Chidule cha Ley: VSS ingathandizenso kukulitsa malingaliro osangalatsa panthawiyo, monga chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo [ 30, 31 ].

Ndi wogwiritsa ntchito zolaula uti amene samakhala ndi "malingaliro abwino" akamagwiritsa ntchito, monga momwe anthu ambiri amasangalalira ndi kumwa? Kodi ogwiritsa ntchito sayenera kudziwa zambiri za zotsatira zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa nthawi yayitali? Mwachidule, chidule 31 ndi kafukufuku wa Prause yekha wosakhazikika: "Palibe Umboni wa Kusokonezeka kwa Maganizo mu "Ogonana Ndi Amuna Kapena Akazi Okhaokha" Kufotokoza Maganizo Awo ku Filimu Yogonana." Onani ndemanga ya kafukufukuyu: " Kafukufuku: Ogwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Amanena za Kuchepa kwa Maganizo ."

Chidule cha Ley: VSS ingapereke njira yovomerezeka yolankhulirana ndi machitidwe kapena zilakolako zosaloledwa zogonana.

Zoonadi? Kodi Ley et al. ndiye kulimbikitsa kuonera zolaula za ana ndikupanga zofuna zambiri?

Mulimonsemo, kupita patsogolo kumawoneka kuti kukugwira ntchito mosiyana mwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena. M'malo mongopereka njira yopezera zomwe amakonda mwachibadwa, zolaula za pa intaneti zingapangitse kuti anthu azikonda. Chifukwa cha kufunafuna kwawo kosatha zolimbikitsa kugonana pa intaneti, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula ena amanena kuti akuwonjezeka kufika pa zolaula zogonana ndi nyama kapena zolaula za ana osakwana zaka, zomwe zonsezi ndi zosaloledwa m'madera ena.

Mu " Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula zopotoka kumatsatira njira yofanana ndi ya Guttman? " ofufuza adafufuza ngati kufooka kwa chidziwitso (zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri) kumachitika mwa anthu omwe amachita zolaula za akuluakulu ali aang'ono. Adapeza kuti,

Ley Excerpt: anthu omwe ali ndi "zaka zoyambira" zazing'ono zogwiritsa ntchito zolaula za akuluakulu anali ndi mwayi wambiri wochita zolaula zosayenera (kugonana ndi nyama kapena mwana) poyerekeza ndi omwe ali ndi "zaka zoyambira" pambuyo pake.

Ley et al. Pitirizani kugwirizanitsa kuchepa kwauchigawenga ndi kuonjezera kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula, ndipo tisonyezerani mgwirizano wotsutsana pakati pa ziŵiri zomwe zimatchulidwa deta yolumikizana (osati kuchokera pa maphunziro enieni, koma mwazidziŵitso zosavomerezeka za boma). Ngati deta yotereyi ili ndi malo mu ndemangayi, ndiye tikuyitana Ley et al. kuti abwererenso zolemba zawo zonse kuti aphatikize maphunziro ochuluka omwe amagwirizanitsa zolaula ndi mavuto. (Onani mndandanda pamapeto a zovutazi, komanso maphunziro omwe sitimayang'anitsitsa omwe timatchula mu thupi ili.)

Ley ndi anzake analemba kuti: Kafukufuku wamkulu wokhudza maganizo ndi makhalidwe oyambira adapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito VSS kunangotenga 0-1% yokha ya kusiyana kwa makhalidwe pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, miyambo yogonana yololera, komanso nkhanza zogonana mwa anyamata kapena atsikana [ 12 ] . Ley ndi anzake akupereka chithunzi cholakwika cha zomwe zapezeka mu 12 (" X-Rated: Maganizo ndi machitidwe ogonana okhudzana ndi kuwonetsedwa kwa achinyamata aku US kuzinthu zolankhulirana zogonana" (2009) .)

Chidule: Pa mitundu yonse ya zitsanzo, kuwonetsedwa pa nkhani zogonana chinali chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zinali zodziwika bwino kwambiri, ngakhale pambuyo poyang'anira kuchuluka kwa anthu, momwe alili paubwana, kufunafuna malingaliro, komanso muyeso woyambira wa malingaliro ogonana (ngati kuli koyenera). Chifukwa chake, kusanthula kumeneku kukusonyeza kuti kuwonetsedwa pa nkhani zogonana kuyenera kuonedwa ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa achinyamata oyambira kugonana . …

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zapezeka movutitsa kwambiri mu kafukufukuyu ndichakuti kuonekera kwa matendawa sikunali kokhudzana ndi kugonana mkamwa ndi kugonana kwa amuna ndi akazi okha komanso kuchitiridwa nkhanza zogonana ndi anyamata achinyamata. (Kutsindika kwina)

Mtundu Wotsutsa

Kuledzera si nkhani yongoganizira chabe, monga momwe Ley ndi anzake akunenera mopanda mantha. Kuledzera mwina ndi nkhani yophunziridwa bwino kwambiri komanso yofotokozedwa bwino kwambiri pa matenda onse amisala. Ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi nyama ndipo pakadali pano ikuphunziridwa mpaka ku maselo, mamolekyulu ndi ma epigenetic omwe amasintha mwakuthupi komanso mwamankhwala muubongo chifukwa cha kumwa mopitirira muyeso nthawi zonse. Kuledzera kwenikweni ndi kosiyana kwambiri ndi nkhani yongoganizira chabe. Ndi nkhani yeniyeni ya thupi yomwe imagwira ntchito pa chizolowezi cha mankhwala ndi khalidwe.

Apanso, Ley ndi anzake akuyesetsa kwambiri kuti adzitsimikizire okha ndi owerenga awo kuti madokotala a DSM-5 omwe akuyenda pang'onopang'ono omwe akuyamba kubweretsa DSM mogwirizana ndi kafukufuku wamakono mwa kupanga gulu la chizolowezi chochita zinthu mopitirira muyeso - sanatanthauze zimenezo : Ngakhale zikuwoneka kuti pali mgwirizano wakuti chizolowezi ndi njira yothandiza pofotokoza kudalira opiate [ 39 ], phindu la 'chizolowezi' pofotokoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mopitirira muyeso [ 40 ], kutchova juga mopitirira muyeso [ 41 ], ndi kusewera masewera apakanema mopitirira muyeso [ 42 ] kwadzetsa nkhawa zambiri.

Ma quotes omwe amaika mu mawu awo odabwitsa ayenera kuonedwa bwino. 39, 40 ndi 41 adasindikizidwa mu 1996, 1986 ndi 1989, motsatana. Onsewa adachitika kale kafukufuku wokhudza zizolowezi zilizonse zomwe zatchulidwa. Ley et al. adakakamizika kubwerera m'mbuyo chifukwa maphunziro amakono a sayansi yolimba sathandizira "nkhawa" za Ley et al. zokhudza sayansi ya zizolowezi.

Chidule 42 chikukhudzana ndi masewera a pakompyuta (omwe ayamba kuonekera posachedwapa kuposa kutchova juga, ndithudi) ndipo chikulozera ku chinthu cha 2008. Komabe, chinthuchi chisanachitike maphunziro onse a ubongo omwe alipo atatu mwa ~60 omwe alipo pa intaneti/masewera a pakompyuta. Monga gulu, maphunziro olowererapo akuwonetsa kuti zizolowezi za pa intaneti zilinso m'gulu la zizolowezi za khalidwe. Mwachidule, Ley et al. amagwiritsa ntchito njira zonyenga kuti athandizire malingaliro awo akale.

Kenako, Ley ndi anzake akupereka tanthauzo lawo lapadera la chizolowezi chogonana ndi anthu okonda zolaula, ndikuyamba kuthamangitsa gulu lawo lankhondo, mndandanda wautali wa "umboni" wosasinthika womwe amati ndi wofunikira kwambiri munthu asanaganize kuti chizolowezi chogonana ndi anthu okonda zolaula chilipo. Monga gawo la chizolowezichi, amanyalanyaza mawu a ASAM komanso zaka makumi ambiri za sayansi yolimba zomwe zimatsutsa malingaliro awo. Mobwerezabwereza, amatanthauza kuti chizolowezi chogonana ndi anthu okonda zolaula chaphunziridwa m'njira zomwe amalemba ndipo zapezeka kuti palibe.

Izi sizili choncho. Maphunziro awiri oyamba a ubongo pa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe adachitidwa ndi akatswiri a ubongo omwe ali ndi vuto la chizolowezi atuluka tsopano ndipo zomwe adatsimikiza zikutsutsa zomwe Ley et al. Choyamba chidafotokozedwa kale m'manyuzipepala Ley et al. asanasindikize ndemanga iyi, ndipo adadziwa bwino kuti adapeza umboni womwewo wa chizolowezi chomwe chimapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amamwa juga komanso omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo pa intaneti. Munthu angaganize kuti ngati Ley et al. akadayang'ana mozama za kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi cha zolaula pa intaneti, akanaganizira kwambiri maphunziro a ubongo a ~330 pa chizolowezi cha intaneti komanso chizolowezi cha masewera apakanema pa intaneti . Ndithudi maphunziro amenewo ndi ofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula pa intaneti, makamaka poganizira mgwirizano wa ASAM kuti chizolowezi chilichonse ndi matenda amodzi.

Apanso, tiyenera kudziwa kuti Ley et al. alengeze kuti ma opioid ndiye mankhwala osokoneza bongo okhawo omwe ali ovomerezeka - kapena mwa luso lawo, "chidaliro chokha chomwe chizolowezi chomangirira chimathandiza." Palibe amene akugwirizana nawo. Osati DSM, osati ASAM, osati akatswiri azachipatala nthawi zambiri. M'malo mwake, atha kukhala anthu atatu okha padziko lapansi omwe akukakamira pamtunduwu wosavomerezeka. Kapenanso akuyembekeza kuti zomwe akunenazo zipusitsa atolankhani osakayikira.

Ley ndi anzake akunena kuti kukhalapo kwa chizolowezi cha zolaula kuyenera kuthandizidwa ndi umboni wa zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe sizingachitike chifukwa cha zifukwa zina. Monga momwe tikudziwira, maphunziro ochepa kwambiri adayesa kuyang'ana mitundu ya zizindikiro zoopsa zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amanena m'mabwalo apaintaneti: kusokonekera kwa erectile, kuchedwa kutulutsa umuna, anorgasmia, kusintha kwa zokonda zogonana, kukhumudwa, nkhawa, nkhawa za anthu, kuchepa kwa chilimbikitso cha zochita zabwino, kuchepa kwa chidwi cha okondedwa enieni, mavuto oganizira, ndi zina zotero. Komanso sizophweka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kulumikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi zizindikiro zawo mpaka atasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula (kuchotsa chosinthika chofunikira) kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuyesera kotereku n'kovuta kupanga ndi kuchita, ndipo n'kosatheka kuchita ndi achinyamata ngakhale kuti ndi omwe angakhudzidwe kwambiri chifukwa ubongo wawo umakhala ndi chizolowezi choledzera.

Pofika mu 2018, maphunziro asanu ndi anayi adanenanso za ubwino wosiya zolaula . Onse 9 adanenanso za zotsatirapo zazikulu, kuphatikizapo kuchotsera mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa akuluakulu, kudzipereka kwambiri kwa wina ndi mnzake, wokonda kulankhula momasuka, wosamala kwambiri, komanso wopanda nkhawa. Mwachidule, ndi posachedwa kwambiri kuganiza kuti palibe zotsatirapo zoyipa kuchokera ku kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti, makamaka poganizira mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito intaneti mopitirira muyeso, komanso maphunziro mazana ambiri okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula omwe akuwonetsa kuyanjana ndi zoopsa.

Zotsatira Zoyipa Zogwiritsa Ntchito VSS Mwapamwamba - Makampani Ogwiritsa Ntchito VSS Akuluakulu Omwe Amakhala Ndi Zovuta Zaumoyo

Ley ndi anzake akusonyeza kuti maphunziro okhudza chifukwa cha kugonana achitika, ndipo palibe kafukufuku amene wasonyeza kugwirizana kwachindunji pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito VSS ndi makhalidwe oopsa pa thanzi . Ndipotu, palibe amene akudziwa zomwe maphunziro okhudza chifukwa angavumbule zokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndi makhalidwe oopsa pa thanzi, chifukwa palibe maphunziro okhudza chifukwa cha kugonana omwe achitika . Pali njira ziwiri zokha zodziwira chifukwa chomwe sichikuwoneka kuti chingachitike pankhani ya zoopsa pa thanzi ndi zolaula: 1) Khalani ndi magulu awiri ofanana, momwe gulu limodzi limagwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndipo lina siligwiritsa ntchito. 2) Chotsani zolaula kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuwona zotsatira zake.

Panthawiyi, maphunziro a mgwirizano ndi umboni wamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo ambiri amasonyeza mgwirizano pakati pa zolaula ndi makhalidwe oopsa. (Onani mndandanda kumapeto kwa ndemanga.) Kumbukirani kuti Ley et al. iwo amaletsa mwaufulu maphunziro a mgwirizano pamene iwo amakonda zotsatira.

Zotsatira zoyipa zakugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri VSS - Kulephera kwa Erectile ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito VSS Kwakukulu?

Chifukwa chiyani gawoli lilipo? Palibe maphunziro ofalitsidwa omwe adaganizirapo za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ngati chosinthika chokhudzana ndi vuto la erectile dysfunction. Palibe chowunikira. Nchifukwa chiyani Ley et al. akupanganso lingaliro lolakwika lakuti ubale pakati pa ED ndi zolaula waphunziridwa mwalamulo ndipo wapezeka kuti palibe? Nchifukwa chiyani akunena za maphunziro a ED omwe sanatchulepo zolaula ngati chifukwa chomwe chingakhalepo, osatchulanso kuchotsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ngati chosinthika kuti awone ngati zingathandize (monga momwe zilili ndi anyamata ambiri omwe ali ndi ED yosayembekezereka omwe amanena zotsatira zawo pa intaneti)?

pomwe: wolemba nawo Chithunzi cha Nicole wakhala akudandaula kwambiri ndi maulamuliro a debunking-amachititsa ED, atachita Nkhondo yopanda chilungamo ya 4 pa pepala ili la maphunziro, panthawi imodzimodziyo akuzunza ndi kunyalanyaza anyamata omwe adachiritsidwa ndi zolaula zogonana. Onani: Gabe Deem #1, Gabe Deem #2, Alexander Rhodes #1, Alexander Rhodes #2, Alexander Rhodes #3, Mpingo wa Nowa, Alexander Rhodes #4, Alexander Rhodes #5, Alexander Rhodes #6, Alexander Rhodes #7, Alexander Rhodes #8, Alexander Rhodes #9, Alexander Rhodes # 10,  Gabe Deem & Alex Rhodes pamodzi, Alexander Rhodes # 11, Alexander Rhodes #12, Alexander Rhodes #13. Munthu angathe kungolingalira chifukwa chake Prause amatenga mikhalidwe yoipayi komanso yosokoneza.

Ley ndi anzake akuvomereza kuti kafukufuku awiri aku Europe apeza kuwonjezeka kodabwitsa kwa ED mwa anyamata. Komabe, palibe amene ayenera kulembedwa mu "No Clothes." Ofufuza mu kafukufukuyu sanaganize zofufuza anthu awo za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti. Iwo ankangoganiza kuti kuwonjezeka kwa ED mwa achinyamata kungakhale chifukwa cha zinthu monga kusuta fodya, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuvutika maganizo kapena thanzi loipa. Kupatula apo, kusuta fodya kuli kotsika kwambiri m'mbiri, ndipo kumangoyambitsa mavuto a ED mwa osuta fodya omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda a mitsempha. Ponena za maphunziro awiriwa, katswiri wa urologist James Elist adati zolaula pa intaneti ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha ED mwa anyamata:

mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusuta, ndi kuwonetsetsa thanzi labwino, poyerekezera ndi zolaula za pa intaneti, kuti apange gawo laling'ono la zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kuyambika kwa ED.

Kenako Ley ndi anzake amaganiza kuti zolaula sizingayambitse ED chifukwa ubongo wa amuna omwe ali ndi ED komanso omwe alibe ED sunasonyeze kusiyana kulikonse panthawi yowonera VSS mu ( 63 ). Kwenikweni, 63 siili yogwirizana ndi kukambirana za ED ndi zolaula. Idangoyang'ana ntchito ya ubongo, osati madera a limbic omwe amalamulira chilakolako ndi kukhwima. Mwa njira, Ley ndi anzake sananyalanyaze kafukufuku wina yemwe adapeza kusiyana kwa kuyambitsidwa kwa ubongo pakati pa omwe ali ndi ED ndi ma controls: " Ntchito ya left superior parietal lobe mu khalidwe la amuna: mphamvu za zigawo zosiyana zomwe zawululidwa ndi FMRI ." Dziwani: 'Psychogenic ED' ndi mawu a ED, monga ED yokhudzana ndi zolaula, yomwe singathe kufotokozedwa ndi zifukwa zachilengedwe monga kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha.

Ley et al. (ndi owunikira awo) mwachionekere sananyalanyaze maphunziro awiri otsatira, omwe adavumbulutsa kusiyana kwakukulu (m'malo a ubongo omwe amalamulira chisangalalo cha kugonana ndi kugonana) pamene ofufuza adayerekeza anthu olamulira ndi anthu omwe anali ndi ED yokhudzana ndi maganizo.

• Kusintha kwamasinthidwe a zinthu zosaoneka bwino m'maganizo a erectile (2012)
• Hypothalamus ingakhale yogwirizana ndi matenda osokoneza maganizo a erectile (2008)

Pofunitsitsa kuthana ndi zolaula pa intaneti ngati zomwe zingayambitse ED wachichepere, Ley et al. amaletsanso maliseche kapena maliseche. (Chodabwitsa cha malingaliro omwe adatengedwa ndi omwe amateteza "chilakolako chofuna kugonana" ndichodziwika bwino.) Amakonda kulingalira za zochitika ziwirizi zolemekezedwa nthawi yayitali, m'malo mongolingalira za kuthekera koopsa kwapaintaneti yothamanga kwambiri, yatsopano zolimbikitsa zomwe zakhala zikupezeka pakuthwanima kwa diso m'mawu osinthika, zitha kukhala chifukwa.

Amafika pamapeto omveka bwino, osathandizidwa ndi urologist, kuti ED yayitali mwa anyamata ndi ntchito yokhudza maliseche, kapena, nthawi yotsutsa. Chotsatirachi chimakhudzidwa makamaka chifukwa nthawi zina zimatenga miyezi 2-12 kuti anyamata abwezeretse ngakhale atasiya zolaula / maliseche. Ndiyo nthawi yotsutsa!

Kuchuluka kwa ED komwe kumayambitsa zolaula mwa anyamata kudadabwitsa akatswiri azachipatala, koma chaka chino madokotala ayamba kuzindikira izi. Pulofesa wa urology ku Harvard komanso wolemba mabuku okhudza thanzi la amuna Abraham Morgentaler , MD adati,

"Ndizovuta kudziwa kuti ndi anyamata angati omwe akuvutika ndi zolaula. Koma zikuwonekeratu kuti izi ndizatsopano, ndipo sizachilendo. ”

Ndipo katswiri wa matenda a mkodzo komanso wolemba Harry Fisch, MD akulemba mosapita m'mbali kuti zolaula zimapha kugonana. M'buku lake lakuti The New Naked , iye akuika patsogolo mfundo yofunika kwambiri - intaneti:

"Amapereka mwayi wopezeka mosavuta kuzinthu zabwino zomwe zimangokhala mankhwala wamba koma zaumoyo wanu [wogonana] tsiku lililonse.

Dr. Fisch akupitiriza kuti:

Ndikutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zolaula zomwe munthu amawonera akangoyamba kuyankhula mosapita m'mbali za vuto lililonse logonana lomwe ali nalo. … Mwamuna amene amaliseweretsa maliseche pafupipafupi amatha kukhala ndi mavuto akakhala ndi mnzake. Onjezerani zolaula mu kusakaniza, ndipo sangathe kugonana. …

Komanso, mu Cambridge yatsopano yophunzira za 19 zolaula, ochita kafukufuku adanena katatu kuti oposa theka la omvera awo adalongosola mavuto a ED / okhumudwitsa ndi enieni omwe analipo panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zolaula. Mwachitsanzo,

Anthu omwe adagwiritsa ntchito CSB [khalidwe lokakamiza kugonana] adanena kuti chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zinthu zolaula, adataya ntchito chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kuntchito (N = 2), adawononga maubwenzi apamtima kapena adakhudza kwambiri zochita zina za anthu (N = 16), adachepetsa chilakolako cha kugonana kapena ntchito yogonana makamaka muubwenzi wakuthupi ndi akazi (ngakhale kuti sizinali zogwirizana ndi zinthu zolaula) ( N = 11 ), adagwiritsa ntchito ma escorts mopitirira muyeso (N = 3), adakumana ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha (N = 2) komanso adagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri (N = 3; kuyambira £7000 mpaka £15000). (kugogomezera kwina)

Pomaliza, Ley ndi anzake akunena chinthu chomwe tikugwirizana nacho kwathunthu, ngakhale sitikudziwa ngati anyamata achichepere omwe ali ndi ziwalo zofooka angayamikire dzina la Ley ndi anzake lakuti "osadwala." Ofufuzawo akuvomereza kuti kuphunzira , mawu ena omwe angakhale 'kugonana,' kungakhale kothandiza ku ED ya achinyamata. Tikugwirizana kwathunthu kuti achinyamata ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula akhoza kukhala akugwirizanitsa mayankho awo ogonana ndi makanema ndi zinthu zatsopano zomwe akufuna m'malo mwa anthu, kotero kuti kuchita ndi munthu weniweni ndi chinthu chachilendo komanso chosasangalatsa. Izi, ndithudi, siziletsa ena mwa omwe ali ndi ED kukhala osokoneza bongo.

Chomwe Ley ndi anzake sanatchule n'chakuti kuphunzira za kugonana (kuphunzira) ndi chizolowezi chogonana ndi zolaula zikuwoneka kuti zikusokoneza njira zomwezo mu ubongo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, chizolowezi chogonana ndi chizolowezi ndi zinthu zokhudzana kwambiri ndi zamoyo. Sizomveka kuvomereza chizolowezi chogonana ngati chifukwa chomwe chingayambitse mavuto okhudzana ndi zolaula koma ndikugogomezerabe kuti kusintha kwa ubongo chifukwa cha chizolowezi sikungagwire ntchito mwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena.

Kusinthika kwachilendo kuchokera kwa Pavlovian pogwiritsa ntchito zojambula ndi umboni wamphamvu wakuti zolaula pa intaneti ndi zovuta kwambiri zosiyana ndi zolaula zomwe zimakhudza. ED sizinali zovuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula za achinyamata omwe angangoyang'ana pamakutu achigawenga kapena magazini.

Mwachidule, kuvomereza kwa Ley ndi anzake kuti zolaula zingayambitse ED kudzera mu kugonana (kuphunzira) kuli pafupi kwambiri ndi kuvomereza kuti zolaula zingayambitsenso chizolowezi - ngakhale zikuwoneka kuti sakudziwa izi. Kuledzera ndi chitsanzo china cha kuphunzira kwa matenda, komwe kumagwirizananso ndi chikhalidwe cha Pavlovian. Monga ofufuza adanenera mu " Kuyambitsa ndi kusunga kukakamizidwa kugonana pa intaneti: Zotsatira za kuwunika ndi chithandizo ":

Chidule : Khalidwe lokakamiza kugonana pa intaneti tsopano ndi vuto lodziwika bwino. … Zinthu zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale khalidwe lokakamiza kugonana pa intaneti zikuphatikizapo chizolowezi chokhazikika komanso chizolowezi chogwira ntchito [monga, Pavlovian conditioning].

Amayi kapena anyamata omwe ali ndi ED yolaula amasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zolaula zomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, nthawi zina zimakhala zosavomerezeka komanso nthawi zina zimakhala zochepa. N'zosangalatsa kuti ambirimbiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula amachepetsa pang'onopang'ono mavuto awo okhudzana ndi kugonana (ED, kuchedwa kuthamangitsidwa, anorgasmia, kutayika kwa okondedwa ndi zolaula zolaula) mwa kusiya. Kuyesera kwawo kosadziwika bwino kumapereka chithunzithunzi, ngakhale ngati kufufuza kwina kuli kofunikira kuti ukhazikitse.

Zotsatira Zoyipa Zakugwiritsa Ntchito VSS - Kulephera Kuletsa Ntchito ya VSS

Pochirikiza zomwe akunena kuti anthu ambiri amanena kuti satha kulamulira kugwiritsa ntchito VSS, kuposa kunena mavuto a moyo omwe amabwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito [ 23 ] , Ley et al. akunenanso kafukufuku yemwe sanafunse za kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. (Onani zomwe zili pamwambapa za ndemanga 23. ) Amanenanso kuti Palibe deta yomwe ikugwirizana ndi lingaliro lakuti 'ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula' amavutika kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito VSS.

Mulimonsemo, ndi phunziro liti lomwe lafunsa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuti asiye kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuti mavuto awo awonekere? Palibe chomwe ife tikuchidziwa. Izo zinati, Ley et al. osamaliranso maphunziro osiyanasiyana omwe amasonyeza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amakhala ndi vuto loletsa ntchito. Taganizirani izi:

• Kugonana kwa kugonana pa intaneti kunayanjanitsidwa ndi naltrexone (2008) - Chidule: Kusagwira ntchito bwino kwa malo ophunzitsira ubongo kumamveka bwino kuti kumapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi vuto lililonse. Wolembedwa kuti athetse uchidakwa, naltrexone imatchinga ma opiates kuti athe kuwonjezera kumasulidwa kwa dopamine. Nkhaniyi ikuwunikanso momwe naltrexone imagwirira ntchito mu mphotho ndikulongosola kugwiritsa ntchito kwatsopano kwa naltrexone poletsa chizolowezi chomangokhalira kukondera komanso kuwononga anzawo pa zolaula pa intaneti.

• Kuneneratu kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti mokakamiza: zonse ndizokhudza kugonana! (2006) - Ndemanga: Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kuyesa mphamvu yowonongeka ya ma intaneti osiyanasiyana chitukuko cha kugwiritsira ntchito ntchito kwa intaneti (CIU). Kafukufukuyu ali ndi mawonekedwe azithunzi zazithunzi ziwiri zopumira chaka chimodzi. … Pazigawo zingapo, masewera ndi zochitika zimawoneka ngati zofunikira kwambiri pa intaneti zokhudzana ndi CIU. Kutalika kwakanthawi, kuthera nthawi yochuluka pa zochitika zanyengo kunaneneratu za kuwonjezeka kwa CIU 1 chaka chotsatira. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyana siyana kumasiyana; Kusiyana kwa maonekedwe kukuwoneka kukhala ndi kuthekera kwakukulu. (kugogomezedwa kwina)

• Khalidwe lachiwerewere pazitsanzo za amuna pa intaneti: mayanjano ndi mavuto omwe ali nawo komanso kuwonongeka kwa ntchito. - Ndemanga: Panali 75.3% (N = 253) omwe adanena kuti akuvutika maganizo chifukwa cha khalidwe lachiwerewere. Kuwonongeka kwapadera m'dera limodzi lamoyo kunayankhulidwa ndi 77.4% (N = 270), ndipo ambiri omwe akugwira nawo ntchito (56.2%) adawonetsa kuwonongeka kwa ubale wawo. Zovuta zaumwini ndi kuwonongeka kwa ntchito muzinthu zitatu zinagwirizanitsidwa ndi cholinga chachikulu cha kusintha kwa khalidwe. Mavutowa ankagwirizanitsidwa ndi zolaula pa Intaneti, kugonana maliseche, ndi / kapena kugonana ndi anthu osintha. (kugogomezedwa kwina)

• Ogwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti, Ophwanya malamulo, ndi Makakamiza: Zotsatira Zatsopano ndi Zotsatira (2000) - Chidule: Kafukufukuyu akuyang'ana mwatsatanetsatane maonekedwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti pogonana. Kalichman Compulsivity Scale ndi chida chachikulu chomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogawana zitsanzo (n = 9,265) m'magulu anayi: kumangokhalira kugonana (n = 7,738), kumangokhalira kugonana moyenera (n = 1,007), kumangokakamiza kugonana (n = 424), ndi kugonana pa Intaneti compulsive (n = 96); 17% ya chitsanzo chonsecho chinapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zokhuza kugonana. (kugogomezedwa kwina)

• Kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zolaula, zochitika zogonana, moyo wathanzi, ndi thanzi labwino pakati pa anyamata aang'ono ku Sweden. (2013) - Chidule: Amodzi mwa atatu mwa amuna a zaka khumi ndi zitatu a ku Sweden omwe anali a 16 omwe ankachita zolaula nthawi zambiri amawonera zolaula kuposa momwe ankafunira.

Mapulogalamu othandizira ku VSS Ntchito

Gawoli limatulutsa gulu lenileni la amuna a udzu, omwe amangokhala oponyera pamanja 'zinthu zofunika' Ley et al. kutanthauza kuti adaphunziridwa ndikupezeka kuti akusowa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula.

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimamangidwa pa mfundo zawo ndichakuti " palibe deta yomwe yasonyeza kuti VSS ndi yosiyana ndi zochita zina zilizonse 'zokondedwa' kapena chinthu china chilichonse ". Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kukakamiza kugonana sikusiyana ndi kuonera zinthu zokumbukira za timu yanu ya mpira yomwe mumakonda (monga momwe akunenera pambuyo pake). Zachidziwikire kuti zimenezo ndi zopanda pake.

Choyamba, kuchita zogonana kumakweza dopamine ya nucleus accumbens kuposa china chilichonse cholimbikitsa, monga chakudya chokoma kwambiri. Chachiwiri, kukondoweza kwa kugonana kumayatsa gulu lake lodzipereka la ma nucleus accumbens neurons . Ma neurons omwewa amayatsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga methamphetamine ndi cocaine, ndichifukwa chake mankhwalawa ndi okopa kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mphotho monga chakudya ndi madzi zimayatsa gulu lina la ma nucleus accumbens neurons, ndipo pali gawo laling'ono chabe la kuyanjana kwa mitsempha ndi maselo pakati pa meth ndi chakudya kapena madzi (mphoto zina zachilengedwe).

Mwachidule, tikudziwa kusiyana pakati pa kuonera mpira ndi kukhala ndi nthawi yopuma yosangalatsa. Ponena za nthawi yopuma, kutulutsa umuna m'makoswe aamuna kumatha kuchepetsa kwakanthawi maselo amitsempha omwe amapanga dopamine. Chochitika chachizolowezichi chimatsanzira zotsatira za chizolowezi cha heroin pamaselo omwewa amitsempha a dopamine. Ichi ndi chitsanzo china chapadera cha kukondweretsedwa kwa kugonana ndi momwe kumatsanzira zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kafukufuku wina waposachedwa adapeza kuti kugonana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikuti zimangoyambitsa ma neuron omwewo, komanso zonse zimayambitsa kusintha kwa maselo ndi mawonekedwe a majini. Kugonana ndi kwapadera pakati pa mphotho, ndipo kumagawana makhalidwe ambiri ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kenako, Ley et al. opine kuti zolaula sizingayambitse vuto pokhapokha zitasintha mayankho aubongo kuchokera 'kukonda' kukhala 'kufuna.'

"Izi zikuwoneka kuti zikukwaniritsa zomwe anthu amakonda poyamba pakukula kwa zizolowezi zoledzeretsa [ 90] ndipo zimapereka zofanana ndi kulimbitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo [ 91 ], koma palibe kusintha kulikonse komwe kwawonetsedwa kuchoka pa kukonda kupita ku kufuna kapena chilakolako."

Ndipotu, Ley et al. akukana kuti zolakalaka zolaula zilipo. Komabe maphunziro onsewa akusonyeza kuti kukhumba kulipo:

• "Kuwonera zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti: gawo la zofuna zogonana ndi zizindikiro zamaganizo za kugwiritsira ntchito Intaneti pogonana kwambiri. ”(2011)
• "Kugonana kwa pa Intaneti: Kuchita zachiwerewere ukamawona zolaula koma osachita zogonana zenizeni zimapangitsa kusiyana " (2013)
• Mafunso okhudzana ndi zolaula: (2014) Zowonjezera zomwe mwaphunzira: Potengera kufanana kwake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kudalira, pali chithandizo chowonjezeka chazovuta zakugonana monga vuto losokoneza bongo (Barak & King, 2000; Griffiths, 2001; Meerkerk, Van Den Eijnden, & Garretsen, 2006; Orford, 2001) . Chimodzi mwazinthu zosokoneza bongo- komanso zovuta zina zakuwongolera zomwe zingachitike ndikulakalaka. …Anthu oonera zolaula kwambiri amasonyeza kuti akulakalaka kwambiri.

Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti, pamene ofufuza potsiriza anafufuza za “kukonda” poyerekeza ndi “kufuna” mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula, anapeza zomwe Ley et al ananena kuti zikusowa: kusintha kuchoka pa kukonda kupita pa kufuna. Kafukufuku wa ubongo wa Cambridge University wa 2014 pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la zolaula adawonetsa kuti anali ndi zilakolako zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi cue komanso kuyambitsidwa kwakukulu kwa ventral striatum kuposa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugonana, komabe sankakonda zolaula kuposa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugonana. Kuchokera mu kafukufukuyu:

Zowonjezera: "Chilakolako chogonana kapena miyeso yodzifunira yokha imawoneka yosiyana ndi kukonda, mogwirizana ndi malingaliro olimbikitsa a chizolowezi 12 momwe muli kukhumba kowonjezereka koma osakonda mphotho zazikulu."

"Poyerekeza ndi odzipereka athanzi, omvera a CSB [osokoneza bongo] anali ndi chikhumbo chachikulu chogonana kapena akufuna kutchulira ena ndipo anali ndi chidwi chambiri ndi zolaula, motero kuwonetsa kusiyana pakati pa kufuna ndi kukonda. Mitu ya CSB idalinso ndi zovuta zambiri pakukondweretsedwa ndi zovuta za erectile muubwenzi wapamtima koma osati ndi zida zolaula zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti zikhumbo zomwe zidakwezedwa zinali zachidziwikire osati zomwe zidakulitsa chilakolako chogonana. ”

Mwachidule, ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso (omwe ali mu kafukufukuyu) akugwirizana ndi njira yovomerezeka ya chizolowezi, yotchedwa chilimbikitso cha chilimbikitso kapena chilimbikitso cha chilimbikitso . Anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zoledzera amakhala ndi chilakolako champhamvu chofuna kugwiritsa ntchito "chikhumbo" , koma sakonda "chikhumbocho" kuposa omwe si oledzera. Kapena monga ena amanenera, "akufuna kwambiri, osachikonda kwambiri, koma osakhutira."

Kafukufuku wotsatira wa "kusankhana chidwi" wochitidwa ndi Cambridge University adapereka chithandizo china ku chitsanzo cha chizolowezi cholakalaka zolaula popanda kuzikonda kwambiri. Olembawo adamaliza kuti:

Chidule: "Zomwe zapezekazi zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zapezeka posachedwapa za kuyanjana kwa mitsempha ndi zizindikiro zogonana mu CSB mu netiweki yofanana ndi yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi maphunziro a mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndipo imapereka chithandizo cha malingaliro olimbikitsa oledzera omwe amayambitsa yankho lolakwika ku zizindikiro zogonana mu CSB."

Kafukufuku wa mu 2014 wochitidwa ndi Max Planck Institute ku Germany , wofalitsidwa mu JAMA Psychiatry, umathandizanso chitsanzo cha chizolowezi chofuna zolaula kwambiri, koma osakonda kwambiri. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti maola ambiri pa sabata/zaka zambiri zowonera zolaula zimagwirizana ndi zochitika zochepa zozungulira mphoto zikawonetsedwa ndi zithunzi zosakhazikika. Kafukufukuyu adagwirizanitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri ndi kutaya zinthu zoyera zozungulira mphoto. Kuchokera mu kafukufukuyu:

"Izi zikugwirizana ndi lingaliro loti kuwonetsedwa kwambiri pazolaula kumapangitsa kuti chilengedwe chisokonezeke pakukonda zachiwerewere."

Wolemba wamkulu Simone Kühn anati –

" Zimenezo zikutanthauza kuti kuonera zolaula nthawi zonse kumawononga dongosolo lanu la mphotho ."

Kühn anapitiliza -

" Timaganiza kuti anthu omwe amaonera zolaula zambiri amafunika kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti alandire mphotho yofanana. "

Kühn akuti mabuku omwe alipo, asayansi amasonyeza kuti ogulitsa zithunzi zolaula amafufuza zinthu zatsopano ndi maseŵera oopsa kwambiri.

" Zimenezo zikugwirizana bwino ndi lingaliro lakuti machitidwe awo opatsa mphotho amafunika kulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu. "

Zomwe zapezeka pamwambapa zikutsutsana ndi mfundo ziwiri zazikulu zomwe anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakumana nazo :

• Kuledzera kumeneku ndi "chilakolako chakugonana". Zoona: Ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwambiri sanayankhe konse zithunzi zatsiku ndi tsiku zogonana, motero anali ndi "chilakolako chogonana".
• Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula motere kumayendetsedwa ndi "chizolowezi", kapena kumatopetsa. Zoona: Kuzoloŵera ndi zotsatira zazing'ono zomwe sizikuphatikizapo kuchepa kwa mphamvu zenizeni za ubongo zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufukuyu pamwambapa.

Apanso, ndi ' cholowa ' cha chizolowezi cha zolaula Ley et al. akusocheretsa owerenga ponena kuti chinthu ichi ndi chofunikira kuti munthu akhale ndi chizolowezi (eti?), ndipo kafukufuku wafufuza za izi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi cha zolaula ndipo adapeza kuti palibe. Komabe, palibe kafukufuku wotere amene wapezeka (mpaka pano), ndipo kusakhalapo kwake si umboni wa chilichonse.

Kumvetsetsa kwa Ley ndi anzake za chizolowezi choledzera mwina kumawonekera kwambiri mu ndemanga zawo pa ΔFosB , chinthu cholembera chomwe chimasonkhana ndi kumwa mopitirira muyeso ndipo chingayambitse kusintha kwa ubongo kokhazikika. Choyamba, palibe kukayika kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mphotho zachilengedwe zimayambitsa ΔFosB mu nucleus accumbens (NAc) ya makoswe. Pepala la 2001 lolembedwa ndi Nestler, et al. " ΔFosB: Kusintha kwa molekyulu kosatha kwa chizolowezi " linati:

ΔFosB ikhoza kugwira ntchito monga "mawonekedwe a maselo" omwe amathandiza kuti ayambe ndikusunga mbali zofunikira za dziko lovuta.

Kuyambira mu 2001, kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana watsimikizira kuti kudya zipatso zachilengedwe ( kugonana , shuga , mafuta ambiri , kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ) kapena kupereka mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zonse kumayambitsa ΔFosB mu nucleus accumbens . Kapenanso, ΔFosB ikhoza kuyambitsidwa mosankha mkati mwa nucleus accumbens ndi dorsal striatum ya nyama zazikulu. Khalidwe la makoswe a ΔFosB-overexpressing limafanana ndi nyama zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zonse.

Chachiwiri, Ley ndi anzake amanena kuti ΔFosB imagwira ntchito kudzera mu njira za D1. Sizili choncho nthawi zonse . Zosiyana kwambiri ndi ma opiates (monga morphine, heroin), omwe amayambitsa ΔFosB mofanana mu ma neuron a D1 ndi D2. Mphoto zachilengedwe monga sucrose (koma osati kugonana) zimafanana ndi ma opiates pankhaniyi. Kuchita zogonana kumayambitsa ΔFosB mu ma neuron a D1 m'njira yofanana ndi cocaine ndi methamphetamine.

Chachitatu, Ley ndi anzake akunena kuti ntchito yaikulu ya ΔFosB ndikuchepetsa dopamine signaling. Kwenikweni, ntchito yoyamba ya ΔFosB ndikuletsa dynorphin, motero kuwonjezera dopamine signaling, ngakhale kuti ΔFosB ingayambitsenso D2 down regulation (kuchepa kwa dopamine signaling). Onani “ Cdk5 Phosphorylates Dopamine D2 Receptor ndi Kuchepetsa Downstream Signaling” (2013)

Chachinayi, Ley ndi anzake sanamvetse bwino udindo wa ΔFosB pa kulimbikitsa chilakolako cha munthu. Ndemanga yokhudza zaka 15 za kafukufuku wa ΔFosB imafotokoza kuti kulimbikitsa chilakolako cha munthu ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa chizolowezi cha ΔFosB , cha mankhwala komanso cha khalidwe.

Zochepa: Deta iyi ikusonyeza kuti kulowetsedwa kwa ΔFosB mu ma neuron apakati okhala ndi dynorphin a nucleus accumbens kumawonjezera chidwi cha nyama ku cocaine ndi mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo, ndipo kungakhale njira yodziwira mankhwalawo kwa nthawi yayitali. …

DFFB m'dera lino la ubongo imalimbikitsa zinyama osati zokhazokha za mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso zapindulitso zakuthupi, ndipo zingapangitse kuti zizoloŵezi zachilengedwe zikhale zovuta.

Kudziwitsa anthu za kugonana kumafotokozanso momwe ΔFosB imalimbikitsira mphoto yogonana . Ponena za kugonana, kuchuluka kwa ΔFosB kwa makoswe okha ndi komwe kwayesedwa mpaka pano. Zitsanzo zochepa chabe:

Kuwonjezeka kwa Delta JunD mu nucleus accumbens kumapereka mphotho ya kugonana mu hamsters aakazi a ku Syria (2013)

Chidule : Deta iyi, ikaphatikizidwa ndi zomwe tapeza kale, ikusonyeza kuti ∆FosB ndi yofunikira komanso yokwanira kuti khalidwe likhale lolimba pambuyo pa zochitika zogonana. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatirazi zimathandiza kuti pakhale mabuku ofunikira komanso okukula omwe akuwonetsa kufunikira kwa ΔFosB yowonekera m'thupi mu nucleus accumbens kuti igwirizane ndi zinthu zomwe zimapindulitsa mwachilengedwe.

Zochitika zapadera zapadera zimapangitsa kufalitsa kwa AMPA ndi NMDA kulandira ndi ntchito mu nucleus accumbens (2012)

Chidule: Zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti zochitika zogonana zimayambitsa kusintha kwa nthawi yayitali mu glutamate receptor expression ndi ntchito mu nucleus accumbens. Ngakhale sizili zofanana, neuroplasticity yokhudzana ndi zochitika zogonana iyi ili ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha psychostimulants, zomwe zikusonyeza njira zodziwika bwino zolimbikitsira mphotho zachilengedwe ndi mankhwala.

Mphatso Zachilengedwe ndi Zamankhwala Zochita pa Common Neural Plasticity Njira ndi DFF monga Mkhalapakati Wofunika (2013)

Chidule : Mphoto zachilengedwe ndi mankhwala sizimangogwirizana pa njira imodzi ya mitsempha, zimalumikizana pa ma molekyulu omwewo omwe amalumikizana ndipo mwina mu ma neuron omwewo mu nucleus accumbens kuti akhudze mphamvu ya chilimbikitso ndi "kufuna" kwa mitundu yonse iwiri ya mphotho (kugonana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo).

Nanga bwanji za anthu? Ley et al. Fotokozerani molondola kuti pali zovuta zazikulu pakuyesa osBFosB mwa anthu. Pamafunika mitembo yatsopano. Komanso, adasocheretsa owerenga awo mwadala kapena kulephera kuchita homuweki. Iwo sananene kuti apamwamba kuposa normalFosB miyezo yapezeka mwa anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala a cocaine. Izi zikusonyeza kuti ΔFosB imathandizanso pakulimbikitsa mphotho mwa anthu. M'malo mwake Ley et al. adangonena kuti osBFosB imabweretsa zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Zili bwanji posankha zipatso? Amasankha zolakwika akuyembekeza kuti akhoza kunyenga owerenga awo kuti kafukufuku wa osBFosB sangapereke chilimbikitso champhamvu pamalingaliro akuti zizolowezi zonse zamankhwala ndi machitidwe ndi matenda amodzi.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa vutoli? Kafukufuku wokhudza anthu oledzera anangoyang’ana frontal cortex , osati nucleus accumbens kapena dorsal striatum, komwe nthawi zambiri ΔFosB imayesedwa mogwirizana ndi chizolowezi. Maphunziro onse omwe adayambitsa machitidwe ofanana ndi chizolowezi komanso momwe amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo adachitira izi pokweza ΔFosB mu nucleus accumbens osati frontal cortex.

Mulimonsemo, mitembo ya anthu oledzera siingakhale anthu abwino chifukwa anthu oledzera nthawi zambiri amachepa pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha matenda awo osatha, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti ΔFosB isachedwe kufalikira ndipo motero zimapangitsa kuti ΔFosB ichuluke kwambiri pafupi ndi imfa yawo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, anthu oledzera a cocaine omwe milingo ya ΔFosB inayesedwa onse amafa mwadzidzidzi popanda matenda a nthawi yayitali. Onani “ Mayankho a Khalidwe ndi Kapangidwe ka Cocaine Yosatha Amafuna Kuzungulira kwa Feedforward Komwe Kumaphatikizapo ΔFosB ndi Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II mu Nucleus Accumbens Shell” (2013)

Chidule: Gululo linali ndi amuna 37 ndi akazi atatu, azaka zapakati pa 15-66. Anthu onse anamwalira mwadzidzidzi popanda kukhala ndi vuto la kugona kwa nthawi yayitali kapena matenda a nthawi yayitali. … Pano, tikupereka umboni woyamba wakuti milingo ya ΔFosB ndi CaMKII imawonjezeka mu NAc ya anthu omwe amadalira cocaine. Deta iyi ikuwonetsa kuti kuwunika kwathu kwa ΔFosB ndi CaMKII komwe cocaine imalowetsa mu NAc ya makoswe ndikofunikira kwambiri pa chizolowezi cha cocaine kwa anthu.

Kenako, Ley et al. pangani kulumpha kuchokera ku chinyengo kapena kusadziletsa… mpaka kusagwirizana. Pazifukwa zomwe amadziwika okha amayamba kumangokhalira kukambirana za amuna ndi akazi, akumanena kuti palibe amene angaphunzire zachiwerewere kapena ΔFosB osagwiritsa ntchito makoswe ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, omwe "angayambitse khalidwe lachiwerewere." Hu? Izi ndizosavomerezeka monga momwe adanenera kale kuti ma opioid okha ndi omwe amatha kuyambitsa vuto.

Mwina tsamba lofiira ili lakhalapo kuti lisokoneze owerenga kuti asaganizire za zotsatira zofunika kwambiri za ΔFosB pa chizolowezi chogonana. Amphetamine ndi kugonana zimathandizira ma neuron omwewo muubongo , zomwe zikusonyeza kuti pa chizolowezi chilichonse, chizolowezi chogonana chingakhale chimodzi mwa zinthu zokopa kwambiri. Kapena kunena izi mwanjira ina, chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo chimalanda makina a ubongo omwe adasinthidwa kuti alimbikitse kuphunzira za kugonana.

Mwachidule, kunena kwa Ley ndi anzake kuti machitidwe ogonana sangakhale osokoneza bongo chifukwa cha zinthu zachilendo monga zolaula pa intaneti n'kopanda pake chifukwa cha umboni wakuti ΔFosB ikugwira ntchito, ikulimbikitsa ubongo, pogonana komanso chizolowezi. Onani “ Kusuta zolaula - chinthu cholimbikitsa kwambiri chomwe chimaganiziridwa pankhani ya neuroplasticity .”

Mitundu Yina - Kupeza Kwachiwiri

Kenako Ley ndi anzake akudzudzula makampani opanga zolaula ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo "opindulitsa kwambiri, omwe nthawi zambiri saloledwa". Komabe, intaneti imapereka malo ambiri opezera zolaula kwaulere. Anthu ochepa kwambiri mwa anthu zikwizikwi omwe ali pa malo opezera zolaula pa intaneti amawona akatswiri azachipatala. N'zotheka kuti ambiri mwa omwe amadzizindikiritsa kuti ndi okonda zolaula, ngakhale zizindikiro zawo zili zoopsa bwanji, safuna, kapena kuwononga ndalama zambiri pa chithandizo. Ndi ochepa okha omwe adapita ku malo ochiritsira, omwe nthawi zambiri amawathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugonana kapena makhalidwe ena osokoneza bongo komanso/kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Mulimonsemo, kodi mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito bwanji ngati akugonana ndi zolaula ndizochitika? Ngati Ley et al. ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri chifukwa cha nkhanza zotheka, iwo angapindule kwambiri atagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yambiri kufufuzira zawo.

Ley ndi anzake amanenanso kuti kuyanjana ndi chipembedzo kumayambitsa "matenda omwe amaganiziridwa kuti ndi olakwika". Mafukufuku odzifufuza okha akuwonetsa mobwerezabwereza kuti achinyamata ambiri omwe ali pamasamba obwezeretsa zolaula sali achipembedzo. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wodzifufuzayu wa pa forum yayikulu kwambiri ya Chingerezi adapeza kuti 20% yokha ya omwe adafunsidwa mafunso anali kufuna kusiya zolaula pazifukwa zachipembedzo.

Ndipo ngati ndalama zimakhala zovuta pa zovuta zowononga zolaula, nanga bwanji makampani opanga mafilimu opindulitsa omwe amachititsa alendo kuti aziwabweretsera ndalama zowonjezera (ndi zina)? Bwanji za wolemba David Ley mwiniwake, yemwe mwachidziwikire amamuimba mlandu kwa makasitomala ake pa zam'chipatala? Bwanji za Ley kupindula kuchokera ku bukhu lake ndi Psychology Today positi pamabuku omwe amatsutsa kukhalapo kwa zizolowezi zolaula? Bwanji za Ley kupindula poyankhula zokambirana?

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti David Ley ndi Nicole Prause amapindula chifukwa chokana kugonana ndi zolaula. Mwachitsanzo, onsewa tsopano akupereka umboni wa “katswiri” wotsutsa chindapusa chofuna chizolowezi chogonana. Tsamba la liberos la Prause limafotokoza ntchito zake (tsamba kuyambira pomwe linachotsedwa - onani WayBack Machine).

"Kugonjetsa kugonana" akugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza ngati chitetezo pamilandu, koma sayansi yake ndi yosauka. Tapereka umboni wa luso lofotokozera momwe dzikoli likuyendera ndikupanga alangizi a malamulo kuti athandize magulu kumvetsetsa momwe zasayansi akuchitira panopa kuti awonetsere chithandizo chawo.

Malingaliro amilandu ndi umboni kawirikawiri si [amawomboledwa pa mlingo wa ola limodzi.

Kumapeto kwa nkhani iyi ya blog ya Psychology Today, Ley akuti:

Kuulura: David Ley wapereka umboni pamilandu yokhudza milandu yomwe imakhudzana ndi zachiwerewere. "

Pomaliza, kusachita bwino kwa Ley ndi anzake, kapena chikhumbo chofuna kunyoza anthu omwe amasamalira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugonana, chikuwonekeranso pamene akunena kuti 'R. Weiss' wafalitsa mkangano wachipembedzo wotsutsa kuonera zolaula. Wolemba weniweni ndi D. Weiss. Rob Weiss ndi katswiri wokhudza kugonana komanso wolemba mabuku angapo, kuphatikizapo Cruise Control: Understanding Sex Addiction in Gay Men. Cholakwika ichi chingawononge mbiri yake kwa owerenga komanso makasitomala.

VSS Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Matenda Aumphawi

Mu gawoli Ley ndi anzake akunena kuti palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kumayambitsa mavuto amisala, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mavuto oterewa anachitika kale kwambiri asanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Mosakayikira mavuto omwe analipo kale amawonjezera chiopsezo cha ogwiritsa ntchito ena kukhala ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula. Komabe, akatswiri azachipatala akuwona mtundu wina wa chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula chomwe sichidalira matenda omwe analipo kale.

Akutchula izi m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo " chizolowezi chopeza mwayi " ndi " chizolowezi chofulumira chamakono ." Mosiyana ndi 'chizolowezi chogonana' chakale, chizolowezichi chimachokera ku zolaula za pa intaneti ndipo chimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuwonetsedwa koyambirira kwa zithunzi zogonana kudzera pa intaneti osati zofooka zomwe zimakhalapo, zomwe zingakhalepo kapena sizingakhalepo.

Ley ndi anzake akunena kuti mawu 125 akuti, “ Kuonekera kwa Achinyamata pa Zinthu Zokhudza Kugonana pa Intaneti ndi Kuganizira Zokhudza Kugonana: Kafukufuku wa Ma Wave Atatu” (2008) , ndi umboni wakuti kukhutitsidwa pang'ono ndi moyo kumayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mopitirira muyeso, osati mosiyana. Izi zitha kukhala zoona kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena, koma tiyeni tiwone bwino zina mwa zomwe kafukufukuyu adapeza, zomwe zimadetsa nkhawa kwambiri. Ofufuzawa adafufuza achinyamata 962 aku Dutch katatu pa chaka chimodzi.

Zidule: Achinyamata akamagwiritsa ntchito SEIM [Sexually Explicit Internet Materials] pafupipafupi, amaganizira kwambiri za kugonana, chidwi chawo pa kugonana chimakula, ndipo nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka chifukwa cha maganizo awo okhudza kugonana . …

Kugonana chifukwa chakuwoneka ndi ZOYENERA kumatha kuzindikira malingaliro okhudzana ndi kugonana pokumbukira… ndipo pamapeto pake kumatha kubweretsa kuzidziwitso zanthawi zonse zogonana, ndiye kuti, kutanganidwa ndi kugonana.

Kenako, Ley ndi anzake akunena kuti ngakhale pamene kusungulumwa kunanenedweratu mwamphamvu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti konse, ofufuza analephera kulamulira moyenera kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti konse ndipo anati kusungulumwa ndi chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito VSS [ 126 ] . Tsoka ilo, kupitiriza njira yomwe ikudziwika bwino mu "No Clothes," chidule 126 sichikugwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti: Onani " Pamene Zimene Mukuona Sizimene Mumapeza: Alcohol Cues, Alcohol Administration, Prediction Error, and Human Striatal Dopamine ." Zoipa.

Kenako Ley ndi anzake agwiritsa ntchito njira yolakwika . Ena afika pa mfundo zofanana: "kuchuluka kwa matenda opatsirana m'chitsanzochi kukupangitsa kukayikira momwe tinganenere za chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti ngati vuto lalikulu . Chidule choyenera ( 127 ) chimachokera ku " Kugonana pa intaneti: Kuwunika kafukufuku wowona ," chomwe sichinali chokhudza chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti, koma chizolowezi chogonana chomwe chimayendetsedwa ndi intaneti. Mulimonsemo, mawuwo sanali "chimaliziro" konse. Anapangidwa ponena za kafukufuku mmodzi yekha (Schwartz & Southern, 2000) wa maphunziro ambiri omwe wolembayo adawunikanso. Chigamulo chenicheni cha wofufuzayo chinali:

Ngati wogwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti akukumana ndi vuto lalikulu kapena vuto linalake chifukwa chochita nawo zogonana pa intaneti, zikuwoneka ngati ziri zotetezeka kunena kuti akuvutika ndi chizolowezi chogonana pa Intaneti.

Zowona ndizovuta kuchititsa maphunziro ofunikira amtunduwu omwe akuchitika mwamwayi pa intaneti ndi makumi masauzande (makamaka) anyamata omwe akusiya zolaula pa intaneti ndikuwona maubwino azaumoyo wamaganizidwe (kusungika bwino, kuchepetsa nkhawa zamagulu ndi kukhumudwa, kulimbikitsidwa ndi kukwezedwa kwakukulu). Komabe, ofufuza apanga kafukufuku wambiri wosonyeza kulumikizana pakati pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa intaneti ndi zovuta zamatenda amisala. Kuphatikiza pa maphunziro ambiri omwe takambirana pano, tikulemba ndikufotokozera ~ 30 maphunziro oyenera kumapeto kwa izi, zomwe zimawonetsa kuwopsa kwa thanzi lam'mutu, kapena zoopsa zina, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula ndipo palibe zomwe zidapangitsa kuti akhale Ley et al. kuwunika.

Ley ndi anzake ayenera kukhala olondola kuti zolaula pa intaneti sizingayambitse mavuto amisala, chifukwa ngati alakwitsa akunyalanyaza vuto lalikulu la thanzi lomwe lingathe kufalikira kwambiri m'ma digito masiku ano chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula (zonse pakati pa amuna, zomwe zikukula pakati pa akazi). Poganizira kuchuluka kwa kuvutika maganizo ndi chiopsezo chodzipha kwa iwo omwe amathera nthawi yambiri pa intaneti, thanzi la ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti likhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo.

VSS Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Mavuto Amatenda Amankhwala - Ntchito ya VSS Yofotokozedwa ndi Kugonana

Apa Ley ndi anzake akutsutsa mfundo yawo ya ziweto kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amangokhala ndi chilakolako champhamvu kuposa anthu ena ndipo sangayembekezere kuyabwa popanda thandizo la zolaula pa intaneti. Komanso, Ley ndi anzake akugogomezera kuti mwanjira ina izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi chilakolako champhamvu sangakhale oledzera. Malingaliro olakwika awa atsutsidwa mu "'Chilakolako chachikulu', kapena 'kungoledzera'? Yankho kwa Steele ndi anzake.

Kodi maphunziro omwe amanena kuti athandizidwe ndi maganizo awo opambana kwenikweni akunena chiyani?

122 “ Ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi. Kafukufuku wokhudza matenda a achinyamata achimuna aku Sweden ”

Chidule: Anthu omwe ankakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula anali ndi malingaliro abwino pa zolaula, nthawi zambiri "ankayang'ana" zolaula ndipo nthawi zambiri ankaonera zithunzi zolaula zamakono. Kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi kunagwirizananso ndi machitidwe ambiri ovuta. (kugogomezera kwina)

123 “ Kuonera zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti: udindo wa ziwerengero zosonyeza chilakolako cha kugonana ndi zizindikiro zamaganizo ndi zamaganizo chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito malo ogonana pa intaneti mopitirira muyeso ”

Chidule: Tapeza ubale wabwino pakati pa chilakolako cha kugonana chomwe chimaonekera poyang'ana zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti ndi mavuto omwe timadzinenera tokha m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kugonana pa intaneti monga momwe IATsex imayesera.

129 “ Chikoka chosakhudza mtima chimasintha LPP yokhazikika (1,000-2,000 ms) ” – Kutchula kosayenera. Palibe chizindikiro choti kafukufukuyu ndi wokhudza kuonera zolaula kapena chilakolako chogonana.

130 “ Zotsatira za kusonkhezera kwa transcranial direct current pakupanga zisankho zoopsa zimayendetsedwa ndi zisankho ‘zotentha’ ndi ‘zozizira’, umunthu, ndi gawo la dziko lapansi ” – Apanso, mawu osafunikira. Palibe kutchulidwa kwa kuonera zolaula. M'malo mwake ofufuza adagwiritsa ntchito “The Columbia Card Task” ngati chida chawo.

81 - “Kugonana molakwika ndi chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana: mapangidwe osiyana? (2010)”

Chidule: Amuna ndi akazi omwe adanena kuti adafuna chithandizo adapeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri pakuwunika momwe kugonana kumakhudzira komanso chilakolako chogonana.

Chotsatira chake, gulu lino la akatswiri, loyendetsedwa ndi mnyamata wina wachinyamata wa ku Canada dzina lake Jason Winters, akuyenera kutchulidwa mwachindunji kuti ndi woyamba kuyamba kunyoza olemba anzawo enieni ndi nthano zokhudzana ndi kugonana popanda matenda, koma ndi anthu omwe ali ndi libido. Wowonjezera, koma sitingathe kupita patsogolo kwa anthu.

52 “ Chilakolako chogonana, osati chilakolako chogonana kwambiri, chimagwirizana ndi momwe ubongo umayankhira chifukwa cha zithunzi zogonana ”

Iyi ndi ntchito yolemba zinthu zatsopano ya Prause, yomwe yatsutsidwa kwambiri . Mosiyana ndi zomwe adanena m'manyuzipepala, kafukufukuyu adanenanso za kusinthika kwakukulu kwa zithunzi zolaula zomwe zikugwirizana ndi chilakolako chochepa chogonana ndi mnzanu. Zonsezi pamodzi zomwe Steele et al. adapeza zikuwonetsa kuti ubongo umagwira ntchito kwambiri pa zizindikiro (zithunzi zolaula), koma umagwiranso ntchito pang'ono pa mphotho zachilengedwe (kugonana ndi munthu). Kuzindikira ndi kuletsa kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu, zomwe ndi zizindikiro za chizolowezi. Mapepala asanu ndi awiri owunikidwa ndi anzawo akufotokoza zoona: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7. Onaninso ndemanga yayikulu ya YBOP iyi. Chitsanzo china chofotokozera molakwika zomwe alemba.

Zoona zake: Kafukufuku wovomerezeka wokwana 25 akuwonetsa zabodza zomwe Ley ananena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mokakamiza kapena chizolowezi chogonana ndi "chilakolako chachikulu chogonana".

VSS Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Mavuto Aumoyo - VSS Gwiritsani Ntchito Kufotokozedwa ndi Kufunafuna Kumva

Kusadziwa kwa Ley ndi anzake kukupitiliza. Amanena kuti kufunikira kwambiri kapena chilakolako chofuna kumva zinthu kumasonyeza kuti VSS ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mobwerezabwereza, mwa achinyamata ndi akuluakulu [ 12,133, 134 ] . Komabe, chidule 133 sichikugwirizana ndi kuonera zolaula. Onani “ Theta-Patterned, Frequency-Modulated Priming Stimulation Enhances Low-Frequency, Right Prefrontal Cortex Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) mu Depression: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Study ” Ndipo chidule 134 sichikunena kuti : “ Kulephera kwa endocannabinoid m'thupi mwa kunenepa kwambiri: kugwirizana ndi kuyenda kwa m'mimba ndi kukonza mphamvu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusowa chakudya ndi kudyetsanso ”

Akanati (kapena owunikira awo) afufuze mabuku enieni, akanapeza kuti chizolowezi cha kugonana pa intaneti: Kukhala ndi chilakolako chogonana akamaonera zolaula osati kugonana kwenikweni kumapangitsa kusiyana” (2013) , yomwe idakambidwa kale, yomwe imati cue reactivity (umboni wa kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha chizolowezi), osati “chilakolako chachikulu,” chimayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika:

Chidule : Kugonana kosayenera kapena kosakhutiritsa kwenikweni sikungathe kufotokoza mokwanira za chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti.

VSS Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Mavuto Amatenda Amankhwala - VSS Gwiritsani Ntchito Monga Momwe Zimakhudzira Lamulo

Apa Ley ndi anzake akunena kuti kulamulira malingaliro ndi zolaula kapena kudzisokoneza ndi zolaula ndi chinthu chachibadwa komanso chopindulitsa . Amayerekezera zolaula ndi zojambula ngati njira yowongolera malingaliro. Pofotokoza zomwe akunena, Ley ndi anzake amanyalanyaza, kapena amasokoneza tanthauzo la maphunziro osiyanasiyana omwe amatsutsana kwathunthu ndi zikhulupiriro zawo, ndipo akuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti si "ngati zojambula" m'zotsatira zake, kapena zinthu zomwe zimakweza malingaliro:

• "Kusiyanasiyana kwamalingaliro okhudzana ndi intaneti pa omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ”(2013)

Zidule : Zotsatirazi zasonyeza zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za kuwonetsedwa pa intaneti pa malingaliro abwino a 'ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti molakwika'. Zotsatirazi zanenedwa m'malingaliro a 'chizolowezi cha intaneti [14] , [21] , ndipo zomwe zapezekanso zawonedwanso pankhani ya zotsatira zoyipa za kuwonetsedwa pazithunzi zolaula pa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti molakwika [5] , zomwe zingasonyeze kufanana pakati pa zizolowezi izi. Ndikoyeneranso kunena kuti zotsatira zoyipa izi pamalingaliro zitha kuonedwa ngati zofanana ndi zotsatira za kusiya, zomwe zanenedwa ngati pakufunika pakugawa zizolowezi 1 , [2] , [27] . …

Ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti kwambiri adawonetsanso kuchepa kwamalingaliro kutsatira kutsatira kwa intaneti poyerekeza ndi ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti otsika. Zoyipa zakomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito intaneti chifukwa cha omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti zitha kuchititsa kuti anthu omwe akuyesa kuchepetsa nkhawa azigwiritsanso ntchito intaneti mwachangu. …

Kukumana ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa mavuto kwapezeka kuti kumachepetsa maganizo [26] , makamaka mwa anthu omwe amakonda zolaula [5] , [27] . Popeza zifukwa zonsezi (monga kutchova juga ndi zolaula) zogwiritsira ntchito intaneti zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti molakwika [2] , [3] , [14] , mwina zinthuzi zingathandizenso kusokoneza intaneti [14] . Inde, zanenedwa kuti zotsatira zoyipa zotere chifukwa chochita zinthu molakwika, zitha kupangitsa kuti munthu azichita zinthu mopitirira muyeso m'makhalidwe ovutawa pofuna kupewa malingaliro oipawa [28] . …

Tiyenera kunena kuti, popeza njira ziwiri zazikulu zomwe intaneti imagwiritsidwira ntchito kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti ambiri ndikupeza mwayi wowonera zolaula ndi kutchova juga [4] , [5] , ndipo zochitika zomalizazi zimawonekera kuti zimakhala zovuta kuzilamulira , zitha kukhala kuti zotsatira zilizonse zokhudzana ndi 'chizolowezi cha intaneti' kwenikweni ndi zizindikiro za mitundu ina ya chizolowezi (monga zolaula kapena kutchova juga). (kugogomezedwa kwina)

• "Kusinkhasinkha kwa zithunzi zojambula zithunzi kumapangitsa kugwira ntchito kukumbukira ntchito"(136)

Zidule : Anthu ena amanena mavuto panthawi yogonana pa intaneti komanso pambuyo pake, monga kusowa tulo komanso kuiwala nthawi yokumana, zomwe zimayenderana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa pa moyo. Njira imodzi yomwe ingayambitse mavuto amtunduwu ndi yakuti chilakolako chogonana panthawi yogonana pa intaneti chingasokoneze mphamvu yogwira ntchito (WM), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamadziwe zambiri zokhudza chilengedwe komanso kupanga zisankho zolakwika. …

Zotsatira zake zimathandiza kuti anthu aziona kuti zizindikiro za chilakolako chogonana chifukwa cha kujambulidwa kwa zithunzi zolaula zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a WM. Zomwe zapezeka zikukambidwa pankhani ya chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti chifukwa kusokonezedwa kwa WM ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chogonana kumadziwika bwino chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. (kugogomezera kwina)

• "Zosakaniza Zojambula Zogonana Ndizochita Zopanga Zopanda Pake"

Chidule : Kugonana ndi munthu amene akufuna kugonana kunachepetsa ubale pakati pa ntchito ndi momwe munthu amagwirira ntchito. Kafukufukuyu anagogomezera kuti kugonana ndi munthu amene akufuna kugonana kumasokoneza kupanga zisankho, zomwe zingathandize kufotokoza chifukwa chake anthu ena amakumana ndi zotsatirapo zoipa pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito intaneti pogonana. (kugogomezera kwina)

VSS Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Mavuto Aumoyo - Kugwiritsa Ntchito VSS ndi Kugonana

Apa Ley ndi anzake akusonyeza kuti mavuto a zolaula ndi nkhani ya "ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha", ngati kuti chilakolako chogonana chikugwirizana ndi kukhalapo kapena kusakhalapo kwa chizolowezi. Komanso, tikudabwa ngati kuonera zolaula kudakali vuto la anthu ochepa okha ogonana pakati pa amuna amakono omwe ali ndi chizolowezi cha digito. Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa pa forum yayikulu kwambiri yolumikizirana zolaula pa intaneti ya Chingerezi adawonetsa kuti 94% ya ogwiritsa ntchito anali amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, ndipo 5% anali amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Pakubwera kwa makanema aulere komanso mafoni achinsinsi, n'zokayikitsa kuti achinyamata ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha akadali otsalira poyerekeza ndi amuna ena ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula.

Mulimonsemo, m'gawo lino Ley et al. akugwa kuchoka pa kusasamala kupita ku kusachita bwino ntchito. Palibe ngakhale imodzi mwa maphunziro asanu ndi limodzi omwe atchula omwe ali ndi chochita ndi zomwe akunena.

Kafukufuku wofufuza kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa VSS m'zitsanzo zoimira dziko lonse adapeza kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa VSS mwa achinyamata ndi akuluakulu omwe amadziwika kuti ndi osiyana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha [ 133 ], monga momwe amachitira kafukufuku wa zitsanzo zachipatala [143].

Chidule 133 sichikugwirizana ndi VSS. Chikunena za kusonkhezera kwa maginito a transcranial ndi kupsinjika maganizo . Chidule 143 sichikugwirizana ndi VSS. Chikunena za anyani: “ Kuseweretsa maliseche kwa amuna mu macaques aku Japan odziyimira pawokha. ”

Mayeso a DSM-5 hypersexual disorder criteria adapeza kuti MSM inali ndi mwayi woposa katatu kuposa momwe imakhalira m'malo otere, poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa MSM m'malo ofanana ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena m'malo osamalira odwala matenda amisala [ 144 ].

Chidule 144 sichikugwirizana ndi mawu omwe ali pamwambapa. Ndi " Kusowa tulo: Zotsatira pa magawo ogona ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya EEG mwa munthu"

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri VSS mwa anthu awa kungasonyeze njira zosinthira. MSM ikhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wofunafuna chidziwitso ndi zolimbikitsa zogwirizana ndi zomwe amakonda pa kugonana. Izi zitha kuwonetsa gawo lofala la 'njira yotulukira' yopanga umunthu wokhazikika wa kugonana [ 145 ].

Chidule 145 sichikugwirizana ndi mawu omwe ali pamwambapa. Ndi " Kudya pang'ono ndi kudya kwambiri: kusanthula komwe kumayambitsa "

Kafukufuku wofufuza kugwiritsa ntchito VSS mu MSM apeza kuti amuna awa amavomereza kwambiri zabwino izi kuchokera ku kugwiritsa ntchito VSS [ 146 ]

Chidule 146 sichikugwirizana ndi amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna. Ndi cha ana azaka zapakati pa 12 ndi 13. " Kutenga chiopsezo chogonana muunyamata: udindo wodziletsa komanso kukopeka ndi chiopsezo "

VSS Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Mavuto Aumoyo - Kutengeka

VSS Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Mavuto Aumoyo - Kukakamira

Tidzakambirana magawo awa pa 'kusakhudzidwa' ndi 'kukakamira' limodzi chifukwa ndi gawo limodzi. Ley et al. akufuna kuyambiranso anthu omwe ali ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito zolaula ngati omwe ali ndi "mikhalidwe" yosasinthika motsutsana ndi kuphunzira kwamatenda obwerezabwereza chifukwa chothandizana ndi chilengedwe (zosokoneza bongo).

Ndithudi, anthu ena ndi opupuluma kwambiri kuposa ena. Kupupuluma mwachibadwa ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa chizolowezi. Koma Ley ndi anzake akusonyeza kuti kukhalapo kwa chilakolako chowonjezeka kumalepheretsa chizolowezicho mwachinsinsi. Izi sizolondola kwenikweni; kusapupuluma kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi chizolowezi.

Gawo la dongosolo lawo ndi kusiyanitsa chilakolako ndi kukakamiza. Sakonda chomalizachi chifukwa chagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi chizolowezi. Ponena za khalidwe lokakamiza, cholinga cha Ley et al. ndikuchitchanso kuti "chilakolako chachikulu." Zambiri pa izi posachedwa.

Tiyeni tiwone zomwe sayansi yodziwika bwino ikunena za mawu akuti 'kukakamiza' ndi 'kukakamiza'. Zotsatirazi zikuchokera ku " Kufufuza Makhalidwe Okakamiza ndi Osakakamiza, kuyambira pa Ma Animal Models mpaka ku Endophenotypes: A Narrative Review ":

Chidule: Kusaganizira bwino kungatanthauzidwe ngati 'kuganizira mofulumira, kosakonzekera zochita ku zochitika zamkati kapena zakunja popanda kuganizira zotsatirapo zoyipa za zochitikazi.'

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kukakamiza munthu kuchita zinthu mobwerezabwereza mopanda kusangalatsa, mwachizolowezi kapena motsatira njira yodziwika bwino, kuti apewe zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe zingachitike, zomwe zingachititse kuti ntchito yake iwonongeke. (Kutsindika kwina)

M'mbuyomu, 'kutengeka maganizo' ndi 'kukakamiza' zinkaonedwa kuti ndi zosiyana kwambiri, ndipo kusafuna kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kufunafuna zoopsa komanso kukakamiza kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso komanso kupewa kuvulaza. Komabe, zikudziwika kwambiri kuti zimagwirizana ndi zamoyo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zimagawana njira zamaganizo zokhudzana ndi kuletsa maganizo ndi makhalidwe osagwira ntchito. (" Zatsopano mu kuzindikira kwa anthu: zachipatala, majini, ndi ubongo zimagwirizana ndi kusafuna kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso ndi kukakamiza ")

Kotero, munthu akayamba chizolowezi, amavomereza (ndi akatswiri) kuti chilakolako chake chosalamulirika ndi kukakamiza kwawonjezeka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ubongo wake wokhudzana ndi chizolowezi. Chifukwa chiyani? Chizolowezi chawonetsedwa kuti chimasintha frontal cortex ndi striatum zomwe zimayambitsa kusagwira ntchito bwino. Kusalamulirika ndi kukakamiza zonse zimayendetsedwa ndi ma neural circuits osagwira ntchito bwino a cortico-striatal . Onani " Kufufuza Makhalidwe Okakamiza ndi Osalamulirika, kuyambira pa Animal Models mpaka Endophenotypes: A Narrative Review "

Chidule : Matenda opupuluma ndi okakamiza ndi osiyana kwambiri, amagawana mbali za kusafuna kuchita zinthu mopupuluma ndi kukakamiza, ndipo amakhala ovuta kwambiri motero amakhala ovuta kuwathetsa pakapita nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, pa matenda opupuluma ndi okakamiza, kulolera kulandira mphotho kungayambike ndipo machitidwewo angapitirire ngati njira yochepetsera kusasangalala (mwachitsanzo, amakhala okakamiza kwambiri).

Zoonadi, mu maphunziro a nyama, ma receptor a dopamine D2 otsika, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha chizolowezi , amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusakhazikika. (" Ma receptor a D2 otsika a dopamine amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kagayidwe kachakudya ka prefrontal mwa anthu onenepa: Zinthu zomwe zingathandizire ") Komanso, chifukwa cha izi chakhazikitsidwa mwa anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a nyama ndi anthu. Mwanjira ina, chizolowezi chingayambitse kusakhazikika komwe Ley et al. amakonda kukhulupirira kuti ndi khalidwe lokhazikika, lopanda chizolowezi.

Kunena zonsezi mwanjira ina, ngakhale kuti 'kutengeka maganizo' ndi 'kukakamiza' zitha kuphunziridwa padera, zimakhala pamodzi munthu akakhala ndi chizolowezi. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kafukufukuyu wapita mbali yosiyana ndi kugawanika kwa kukakamiza maganizo komwe Ley et al. akuyesera. Ndipotu, DSM posachedwapa yasintha kutchova juga kuchokera ku "Kusokonezeka Maganizo" kupita ku "Kusokonezeka Maganizo" chifukwa kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti ndi chizolowezi, osati nkhani ya kukakamiza. " Kusokoneza Maganizo, Matenda a Kukakamiza ndi Kukakamiza: Kuphatikizidwa kwa Orbitofrontal Cortex " ikufotokoza chitsanzo chamakono cha chizolowezi, chomwe:

amachititsa kuti onse awiri azidziŵa (kufuna, kutaya mphamvu, kusamala mankhwala) ndi njira zopanda chidziwitso (kuyembekezera, kuyembekezera, kukhudzidwa, kutaya mtima) zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa dera la strihala-thalamo-orbitofrontal.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, zomwe Ley et al. akunena pa mfundo yawo yosatsutsika zikutsutsana ndi zimenezi. Ofufuzawo adatsimikiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti (IP) molakwika ndi "vuto loledzera" ndipo khalidwe la "kutengeka maganizo sikunawoneke ngati chinthu chofunikira kusiyanitsa ogwiritsa ntchito IP ndi ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi vuto kapena ogwiritsa ntchito IP ndi omwe sagwiritsa ntchito."

Citation 149 inafufuza za kulakalaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi machitidwe okakamiza kugonana, ndipo zotsatira zawo zojambulira ubongo sizinagwirizane ndi matenda oletsa kukwiya. Citation 150 ikupita ku kafukufuku wosasindikizidwa wa Prause mwiniwake, "Umboni wa mitsempha wosonyeza kusachita bwino kwa chilakolako chogonana mwa iwo omwe akunena mavuto omwe akuwongolera momwe amaonera zolaula." Kodi tingakhale oyamba kulosera kuti, kachiwiri, adzanena kuti zotsatira zake sizikugwirizana ndi chizolowezi chogonana mosasamala kanthu za deta kapena zolakwika zomwe zili mu kapangidwe ka kafukufuku? (zindikirani - kafukufuku wa Prause sanafalitsidwepo)

Ndikofunika kuti tisalole zofooka za "mikhalidwe," kapena kafukufuku woyendetsedwa ndi zolinga, kuti zisokoneze madzi, chifukwa zosintha zambiri zamaubongo zomwe zimakhudzana ndi chizolowezi zimasinthidwa. Oledzera amatha kuphunzira 'zosowa' zabwino, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi mphamvu zotha kusintha zochitika zawo. Amatha kuphunzira kusintha zosankha zomwe adachita pokhudzana ndi malo awo.

Mawu ochepa okhudza 'kukakamiza' monga momwe Ley et al. amaonera: Amakana "chitsanzo cha kukakamiza," m'malo mwake akulimbikitsa lingaliro lakuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula mokakamiza ndi umboni wa "chilakolako chachikulu." Ndi lingaliro lomwelo, oledzera amakhala ndi "chilakolako chachikulu" cha mowa, ndipo osuta fodya omwe ali ndi vuto la "chilakolako chachikulu" cha nikotini. Lingaliro ili latsutsidwa mu ndemanga yowunikidwa ndi anzawo, "' Chilakolako chachikulu', kapena 'kungo' chizolowezi? Yankho kwa Steele et al ." Zambiri zomveka bwino, ndikutsutsa mfundo yosachirikizidwa yolankhulana kuti "chilakolako chachikulu chogonana" chimafotokoza za chizolowezi cha zolaula kapena kugonana: Kafukufuku osachepera 25 amanama ponena kuti kugonana ndi zolaula "zimangokhala ndi chilakolako chachikulu chogonana"

Onaninso maphunziro omwe tawatchula pamwambapa mu gawo lotchedwa, “ Zotsatira Zoyipa za Kugwiritsa Ntchito VSS Kwambiri – Kulephera Kuletsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito VSS.”

Kutsiliza

Ley ndi anzake akuyamikira ubwino wa zolaula pa thanzi chifukwa zimathandiza kuti munthu afike pachimake. Komabe, kugonana kwa anthu nthawi zonse kumakhala bwino kwa nthawi yayitali popanda thandizo la zolaula pa intaneti. Chofunika kwambiri, kugonana kwa anthu nthawi zonse kumakhala kopanda phindu pankhani yodziseweretsa maliseche kuposa kugonana ndi munthu amene ali pachibwenzi , kotero kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula molakwika kungakhale kusokoneza ubwino womwe ungakhalepo.

Ley ndi anzake akusonyeza kuti achinyamata oonera zolaula akhoza kuyamba kuonera zolaula zoopsa kwambiri akakhala kuti alibe anzawo oti azichita nawo zinthu zoopsa zogonana. Ma quotes awo onse awiri akusonyeza kuti wachinyamata akamaonera zolaula, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri amapitiliza kuonera zolaula zosaloledwa. Citation 153 inapeza kuti kuwonetsa zithunzi zolaula msanga ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa chiopsezo chogonana, ndipo, monga tafotokozera kale. 154 inapeza kuti ana aang'ono akayamba kuonera zolaula, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mwayi wowonera zolaula za ana kapena zachiwerewere.

Ley et al. onaninso zabwino za kuseweretsa maliseche ngati njira yothetsera mikhalidwe yogonana yomwe ili pachiwopsezo, ngati kuti palibe amene ali ndi mwayi wosangalala m'malo mochita zolaula pa intaneti! Kenaka amachenjeza kuti pali chiopsezo "kutchula VSS kuti ndikumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo." (Ndani adangotchula kuti "kumangokhala osokoneza bongo?")

Amafika mpaka polimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ngati "kuphunzitsanso mwanzeru" ponena ( 155 ) " Kuphunzitsa ubongo: masewera oti akuchitireni zabwino !" Zolaula za masiku ano ndi kuphunzitsa ubongo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena, ambiri mwa iwo amanena kuti "kuphunzitsanso mwanzeru" koopsa, monga kutaya chidwi ndi okondedwa enieni, mavuto ogonana komanso zokonda zogonana zomwe zimasinthasintha zomwe zimakula kukhala zinthu zosagwirizana ndi zomwe amakonda.

N’zosadabwitsa kuti gulu la ku Germany posachedwapa lapeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kungachepetse gawo la ubongo lomwe likuwoneka kuti likukulirakulira komanso likugwira ntchito kwambiri mwa osewera makanema. Kuonera zolaula ndi chinthu chonga zombie chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito luso lochepa pamasewera apakanema. Kodi zimenezo zingayambitse kufooka kwa ubongo?

Ley et al. amanena kuti lingaliro lachiwerewere limayendetsedwa ndi mdima wa "mphamvu zopanda mphamvu." Izi ndizoseketsa, popeza adasiya umboni wamphamvu wotsimikiza zomwe zimatsitsa malingaliro awo, ndipo mopanda manyazi adatenga zomwe zimathandizira zochitika zawo m'maphunziro osiyanasiyana, kunyalanyaza malingaliro enieni.

Kenako amatitsimikizira kuti kutchuka kwa mawu oti "zolaula" pazofalitsa nkhani kumangobwera chifukwa cha umbuli wofala. M'malo mwake, anthu amawoneka kuti akutsogola kwa akatswiri azakugonanawa pozindikira kuti kuledzera ndi mkhalidwe weniweni. Ley et al. akuwoneka kuti sakufuna kulingalira za kuthekera kwakuti kuzindikira kwakukulira kwa mawu oti 'kusuta' kumatha kukhala umboni kuti anthu ambiri akukumana ndi zosokoneza komanso zovuta zakugonana zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zolaula.

Pofika kumapeto, Ley ndi anzake akusonyeza kuti kuda nkhawa ndi chizolowezi choonera zolaula ndi umboni wa zigamulo za makhalidwe abwino zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuletsa chizolowezi chogonana ndikunyoza anthu ocheperako. Ndipotu, pamene lingaliro la chizolowezi choonera zolaula layamba kutchuka, nkhawa za makhalidwe abwino pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito zolaula, kuletsa chizolowezi chogonana komanso kunyoza anthu ocheperako onse akuoneka kuti akuchepa kwambiri. Mwina ngati Ley ndi anzake afufuza za ubale umenewo , nthawi yomweyo angagwirizane ndi maganizo awo pa chizolowezi choonera zolaula pa intaneti.

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Zosinthika: Kukonda Kwachilengedwe, Kusamvana Kwachisangalalo, Kulumikizana kwa mafakitale a Porn, Kupeputsa / Kuzunza

Mkonzi Wamkulu wa Malipoti a Zaumoyo Wogonana , Michael A. Perelman ndi Mkonzi Wamkulu wa Gawo la Mikangano Yamakono Charles Moser kuyambira pamenepo agwirizana ndi Ley ndi Prause kuti "achotse" chizolowezi cha zolaula. Pamsonkhano wa February 2015 wa International Society for the Study of Women's Sexual Health, Ley, Prause, Moser ndi Perelman adapereka msonkhano wa maola awiri: "Chizolowezi cha Zolaula, Chizolowezi Chogonana, kapena OCD ina chabe ?". Mu Novembala, 2015 pa Msonkhano Wapachaka wa SMSNA wa Kugwa .Michael A. Perelman adayang'anira nkhani ya Nicole Prause - " Zizolowezi Zolaula Paintaneti: Zovulaza Amuna ndi Ubale ?". Tisaiwale kuti mkonzi wa Ley et al., Charles Moser, wakhala akutsutsa kwambiri zolaula ndi chizolowezi chogonana kwa nthawi yayitali. Dziwaninso kuti Current Sexual Health Reports ili ndi mbiri yochepa komanso yovuta . Inayamba kufalitsidwa mu 2004, kenako inapumula mu 2008, koma inaukitsidwa mu 2014, panthawi yake yoti iwonetse Ley et al.

Amalipidwa ndi makampani opanga zolaula. Pamkangano wowonekeratu wazachuma, David Ley akulipidwa ndi kampani yayikulu yamakampani opanga zolaula ya X-hamster kuti akweze mawebusayiti awo ndikutsimikizira ogwiritsa ntchito kuti chizolowezi chogonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana ndi nthano! Makamaka, David Ley ndi Sexual Health Alliance (SHA) yomwe yangopangidwa kumene agwirizana ndi tsamba la X-Hamster (Strip-Chat). Onani "Stripchat ikugwirizana ndi Sexual Health Alliance kuti igwire ubongo wanu wodera nkhawa womwe umayang'ana kwambiri zolaula ":

Bungwe lolangiza la Sexual Health Alliance (SHA) lomwe likuyamba kumene likuphatikizapo David Ley ndi "akatswiri" ena awiri a RealYourBrainOnPorn.com (Justin Lehmiller ndi Chris Donahue). RealYBOP ndi gulu la "akatswiri" odzitcha okha omwe amachirikiza zolaula , omwe amatsogozedwa ndi Nicole Prause . Gululi pakadali pano likuchita zinthu zosaloledwa zophwanya malamulo a malonda ndi kugwirira anthu m'nyumba zawo zomwe zikuyang'ana ku YBOP yovomerezeka. Mwachidule, omwe akuyesera kuletsa YBOP akulipidwanso ndi makampani opanga zolaula kuti akweze mabizinesi awo, ndikutsimikizira ogwiritsa ntchito kuti mawebusayiti a zolaula ndi makamera sayambitsa mavuto (dziwani: Nicole Prause ali ndi ubale wapagulu ndi makampani opanga zolaula monga momwe zalembedwera patsamba lino ).

Munkhaniyi , Ley akutsutsa kutsatsa kwake kolipira makampani opanga zolaula :

Kodi wasankha? Ley akutikumbutsa za madokotala otchuka a fodya , ndi Sexual health Alliance, Tobacco Institute.

Kuphatikiza apo, David Ley akulipidwa kuti achotse zolaula ndi chizolowezi chogonana. Kumapeto kwa positi iyi ya blog ya Psychology Today, Ley akuti:

Kuulura: David Ley wapereka umboni pamilandu yokhudza milandu yomwe imakhudzana ndi zachiwerewere. "

Mu 2019 tsamba latsopano la David Ley linapereka ntchito zake zabwino zoti "zitsutse" :

David J. Ley, Ph.D., ndi katswiri wazamisala komanso woyang'anira wotsimikizika wa AASECT wokhudza zachiwerewere, ku Albuquerque, NM. Wapereka umboni waukatswiri komanso umboni wazamalamulo milandu ingapo kuzungulira United States. A Dr. Ley amadziwika kuti ndi akatswiri pazachinyengo zabodza zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere, ndipo adatsimikizika ngati mboni waluso pamutuwu. Iye wachitira umboni m'makhothi aboma ndi feduro.

Lumikizanani naye kuti mupeze ndandanda yake yolipira ndi kukonza nthawi yoti mukambirane za chidwi chanu.

Ley amapindulanso pogulitsa mabuku awiri omwe amakana kugonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana (“ The Myth of Sex Addiction ,” 2012 ndi “ Ethical Porn for Dicks, ” 2016). Pornhub (yomwe ndi ya kampani yayikulu ya zolaula ya MindGeek) ndi imodzi mwa mabuku asanu omwe Ley adalemba mu 2016 okhudza zolaula:

Chidziwitso: PornHub inali akaunti yachiwiri ya Twitter kubwereza tweet yoyamba ya RealYBOP yolengeza tsamba lake la "akatswiri", zomwe zikusonyeza kuti PornHub ndi akatswiri a RealYBOP agwirizana . Zodabwitsa!

Pomaliza, David Ley amapeza ndalama kudzera mu masemina a CEU , komwe amalimbikitsa malingaliro a anthu okana kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali m'mabuku ake awiri (omwe mosasamala amanyalanyaza maphunziro ambiri ndi kufunika kwa matenda atsopano a Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder mu buku lothandizira la World Health Organization). Ley akulipidwa chifukwa cha zokambirana zake zambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa malingaliro ake olakwika pa zolaula. Mu chiwonetserochi cha 2019, Ley akuwoneka kuti akuchirikiza ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kwa achinyamata: Kupanga Kugonana Kwabwino ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zolaula Mwanzeru mwa Achinyamata.

Mfundo yaikulu ya Nicole Prause iceberg : Choyamba, n’zosayembekezereka kuti wofufuza wovomerezeka azinena kuti kafukufuku wawo wokhawokha watsutsa lingaliro lothandizidwa ndi maphunziro ambiri a mitsempha ndi kafukufuku wofunikira kwa zaka makumi ambiri . Komanso, ndi wofufuza wovomerezeka uti amene angapereke uthenga nthawi zonse pa Twitter kuti pepala lake lokhalo latsutsa chizolowezi cha zolaula? Ndi wofufuza wovomerezeka uti amene angaukire anyamata omwe amayendetsa ma forum obwezeretsa zolaula? Ndi wofufuza wovomerezeka uti wokhudza kugonana amene angakakamize mwamphamvu (komanso mwankhanza) kutsutsa lingaliro la 60 (makondomu mu zolaula) ? Ndi wofufuza wovomerezeka uti wokhudza kugonana amene angajambule chithunzi chake (kumanja) pa kapeti wofiira wa mwambo wopereka mphoto wa X-Rated Critics Organisation (XRCO), akugwirana manja ndi nyenyezi za zolaula ndi opanga? (Malinga ndi Wikipedia, Mphoto za XRCO zimaperekedwa ndi American X-Rated Critics Organisation chaka chilichonse kwa anthu ogwira ntchito zosangalatsa za akuluakulu ndipo ndi chiwonetsero chokhacho cha mphoto za akuluakulu chomwe chimasungidwa kwa mamembala amakampani okha . ^[1] ) Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza ubale wapamtima wa Prause ndi makampani opanga zolaula, onani: Kodi Nicole Prause Amakhudzidwa ndi Makampani Owonetsa Zolaula?

Chikuchitika ndi chiani apa? Mofanana pang'ono Tsambali limalembedwa kumapeto kwa madzi oundana okhudzana ndi kuzunzidwa kwa a Prause ndi cyberstalking wa aliyense yemwe akuwonetsa zolaula angayambitse vuto. Mwa kuvomereza kwake, amakana maganizo a zolaula. Mwachitsanzo, ndemanga yochokera posachedwapa Nkhani ya Martin Daubney za kugonana / zolaula:

Dr Nicole Prause, wofufuza wamkulu ku Sexual Psychophysiology and Affective Neuroscience (Span) Laboratory ku Los Angeles, amadzitcha "wotsutsa waluso" za chizolowezi chogonana.

Kuphatikiza apo, mawu akale a Nicole Prause pa Twitter akusonyeza kuti mwina alibe tsankho lofunikira pa kafukufuku wa sayansi:

"Kuphunzira chifukwa chake anthu amasankha kuchita zachiwerewere popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo"

Zosintha pamutu wa twitter wa Nicole Prause:

1. UCLA sanayambitsenso mgwirizano wa Prause. Sanalembedwe ntchito ndi yunivesite iliyonse kuyambira koyambirira kwa 2015.
2. Mu October, 2015 Akaunti yoyamba ya Twitter ya a Prause amayimitsidwa kwathunthu chifukwa chomazunza.

Ngakhale nkhani zambiri zikupitiriza kufotokoza za Prause ngati wofufuza wa UCLA, sanagwire ntchito ku yunivesite iliyonse kuyambira pachiyambi cha 2015. Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti Prause wodabwitsayo adapereka (monga ndalama) umboni wake wa "katswiri" wotsutsa chizolowezi chogonana ndi chizolowezi chogonana. Zikuwoneka ngati Prause akuyesera kugulitsa ntchito zake kuti apindule ndi mfundo zosavomerezeka zotsutsana ndi chizolowezi chogonana kuchokera ku maphunziro ake awiri a EEG ( 1 , 2 ), ngakhale kuti kusanthula 17 komwe kunawunikidwa ndi anzawo kumati maphunziro onsewa amathandizira mtundu wa chizolowezi!

Zomwe zili pamwambapa ndi nsonga chabe ya Ice ndi Ley.

Chigawo Choyamba: Maphunziro a ubongo wa intaneti pa intaneti:

1. Mphamvu za kugwiritsira ntchito kwambiri intaneti pazinthu zogwirizana ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi zochitika (2008)
2. Kupanga zisankho ndi kuchitapo kanthu kuchitapo kanthu kuteteza ntchito kumagwiritsa ntchito intaneti (2009)
3. Kuipa Kwambiri M'ma Intaneti: Kuphunzira kwa Voxel-Based Morphometry Study (2009)
4. Zotsatira za kugwiritsira ntchito kwambiri pa intaneti pazomwe zimachitika nthawi ya EEG (2009)
5. Zochitika zokhudzana ndi zokhudzana ndi zochitika zowonongeka zowonongeka koletsa kuteteza anthu omwe ali ndi intaneti kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti (2010)
6. Kuwonetseratu chiopsezo mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakumwa kwa intaneti: umboni wa electrophysiological kuchokera ku phunziro la Go / NoGo (2010)
7. Kusiyanitsa kwa chizoloŵezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo pa intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe amanjenje ovomerezeka: intaneti yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (2010)
8. Kuwonjezeka kwa chikhalidwe cha m'deralo mu matenda a intaneti okhudzidwa ndi malo opumulira opaleshoni yopenda maginito opanga masewero (2010)
9. Kafukufuku wa zochitika zokhudzana ndi zokhudzana ndi zokhudzana ndi zochitika zomwe zimagwira ntchito kukumbukira chizoloŵezi cha achinyamata pa intaneti (2010)
10. Ochepetsa Dysamato Dopamine D2 Ovomerezeka Anthu Amene Ali ndi Internet Addiction (2011)
11. Mavuto a Microstructure mu Achinyamata omwe ali ndi Internet Addiction Disorder. (2011)
12. Kufufuza koyambirira kwa intaneti ndi kuzindikiritsa achinyamata achinyamata omwe amatsatira mayeso a IQ (2011)
13. Kusintha kwa P300 ndi malingaliro a khalidwe la chidziwitso pazochitika ndi matenda osokoneza bongo pa intaneti: Kuphunzira kwotsatira kwa mwezi wa 3 (2011)
14. Amuna omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Intaneti akuwonetsa zovuta kulamulira akuluakulu umboni wochokera ku mawu a mtundu: Stroop task (2011)
15. Zosowa M'mbuyomu Yoyang'aniridwa Kuzindikira Kwa Ogwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti (2011)
16. Zojambula Zithunzi Zojambula Zithunzi Zojambula ndi Ntchito Yoyang'anira Memory (2012)
17. Zotsatira za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa magetsi kuphatikizapo kugwirizanitsa maganizo ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi zomwe zimachitika P300 ndi kusalongosoka kosayenera kwa odwala okhala ndi intaneti (2012)
18. Nkhani Yoyera Yoyera Kukhulupirika kwa Achinyamata Omwe Amakhala ndi Matenda a Internet Addiction: Nkhani Zogwiritsira Ntchito Makhalidwe Owerengera Phunziro (2012)
19. Dopamine yotumiza Striatal yotumizira anthu omwe ali ndi Internet Addiction Disorder (2012)
20. Kusokonezeka kwa ubongo m'maganizo a achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti m'ntchito yojambula mpira: Ntchito yowonongeka yotchedwa neural correlates yomwe imapezeka ndi fMRI (2012)
21. Kulepheretsa kutetezedwa kovuta mu intaneti kugwiritsira ntchito matenda ozunguza bongo: Kuphunzira kujambula kogwiritsira ntchito maginito. (2012)
22. Kuyerekeza kwa Zizindikiro za Psychological ndi Serum Levels of Neurotransmitters ku Shanghai Adolescents ndi popanda Internet Addiction Disorder: A Case-Control Study (2013)
23. Kupuma kwa boma ndi beta ndi gamma zochitika pa intaneti (2013)
24. Electroencephalographic (EEG) machitidwe a ubongo mu chitsanzo cha anthu akuluakulu omwe amapezeka ndi vuto la intaneti (2013)
25. Zolakwitsa Zowonongeka-Kuwunika Ntchito Ku Anthu Amene Ali ndi Matenda a Internet Addiction: Zochitika Zokhudza FMRI Study (2013).
26. Zotsatira za Kusokoneza Kwambiri pa Intaneti pa Mtima Wosintha Kusukulu kwa Ana Okalamba (2013)
27. Zosokonekera Zowonongeka Zowonongeka Kufufuza Kafukufuku wa Kuyankha Kuyankha Ntchito mwa Anthu Ena Ndi Internet Addiction Disorder (2013)
28. Kuchepetsa kutayika kwapadera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakumwa kwa intaneti (2013)
29. Kusiyanitsa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya EEG njira zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi kupweteka kwa comorbid mu chizoloŵezi cha intaneti (2014)
30. Ubongo pa intaneti: zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga zogwiritsira ntchito kachitidwe ka intaneti (2014)
31. Zowonongeka-Basal Ganglia akugwirizana pakati pa anyamata ndi chizoloŵezi cha intaneti (2014)
32. Zowonongeka za Prefrontal ndi Internet A Model and Review of Neuropsychological and Neuroimaging Maphunziro (2014)
33. Mayankho a Neural kumapindulitsa osiyanasiyana ndi malingaliro mu ubongo wa achinyamata omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Intaneti omwe amadziwika ndi chithunzi chogwiritsira ntchito maginito (2014)
34. Anthu omwe amamwa mowa pa Intaneti amagawana zovuta komanso zolephera za odwala ndi odwala mowa (2014)
35. Anasokoneza Ubongo Wogwira Ntchito mu Ubongo ku Internet Addiction Disorder: Pulogalamu Yogwiritsira Ntchito Maginito Yokonzera Kujambula (2014)
36. Ntchito Yogwira Ntchito Yopamwamba Yogwirizana Ndiyi Yogwirizana ndi Kuchepa Kwambiri Kwambiri M'kati mwa Anterior Cingulate Cortex (2014)
37. Kusokoneza malingaliro olakwika pa achinyamata omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chotenga chiopsezo ndi zinthu zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti (2015)
38. Maumboni a ubongo ndi kugwirizana kwa ntchito kumagwirizana ndi kusiyana kwapadera pa intaneti pa achinyamata omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino (2015)
39. Kuyesedwa kwa machitidwe a neural omwe amagwiritsa ntchito facebook "kusiya" (2014)
40. Chidule Chachidule cha Neuroscientific Findings pa Internet Addictio (2015) PDF
41. Zochitika zatsopano pa njira za neurobiological ndi pharmaco-zobadwa zomwe zimayambitsa zowonongeka ndi mavidiyo (2015)
42. Electroencephalogram Chidziwitso Chachidindo ndi Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Internet Addiction Disorder ndi Visual Oddball Paradigm (2015)
43. Kujambula Momwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Moyendedwe (Internet) (2015)
44. Aberrant corticostriatal maulendo ogwira ntchito achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda a intaneti (2015).
45. Kodi Internet Yathandiza Bwanji Kuti Anthu Azidziwika? (2015)
46. Kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti molakwika ndi ntchito yowonongeka kwa thupi (2015)
47. Zigawo za Neural zosankha zoopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la intaneti (2015)
48. Chiyanjano pakati pa pulogalamu ya magazi ya dopamine ndi vuto la intaneti pa achinyamata: phunziro la oyendetsa (2015)
49. Kugwiritsira ntchito movutikira kwa intaneti kumagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka ubongo kwa amayi. (2015)
50. Kugwira ntchito, kukumbukira ntchito komanso kutaya mtima pa intaneti: Kuyerekezera ndi kutchova njuga (2015)
51. Anasokoneza ntchito yothandizana ndi azimayi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Intaneti (2015)
52. Maphunziro a Electrophysiological mu chizoloŵezi cha intaneti: Kuwunika mkati mwa njira ziwiri (2015)
53. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ovuta kugwiritsira ntchito (PIN) ndi mankhwala opatsirana (2015)
54. Kulepheretsa kuwonongeka ndi kugwira ntchito kukumbukira poyankha mawu okhudzana ndi intaneti pakati pa achinyamata omwe ali ndi chizoloŵezi cha intaneti: Kuyerekezera ndi vuto lachinsinsi / matenda osokoneza bongo (2016)
55. Kuperewera kwa njira zopindulitsa ndi zoyenera kutsogolo / zowonongeka zowonongeka ku chiwopsezo cha ma intaneti (2016)
56. Chithunzi chogwiritsidwa ntchito chogwiritsira ntchito maginito opanga mafilimu achidakwa achinyamata (2016)
57. Ogwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti akuwonetsa Kuletsa Kuletsa Kuletsedwa ndi Kuopsa Kwa Kuwonongeka: Umboni wochokera ku Stop Signal ndi Mixed Gambles Tasks (2016)
58. Zowonongeka Pamutu Mutu ndi Choyera Makhalidwe Okhulupirika ku Koleji Ophunzira ndi Mobile Phone Dependence (2016)
59. Kukhumba-kukhudzidwa ndi chilakolako cha intaneti pakati pa ovuta pa intaneti (2016)
60. Kusintha kwa ntchito kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chizoloŵezi cha intaneti akuwonetsedwa ndi adenosine inagogomezera ubongo wamagazi kutsegulira chithunzi 99mTc-ECD SPET (2016)
61. Kupuma kwa chifuwachi Intaneti osokoneza Otsutsa omwe ali ndi maganizo oipa ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mafilimu opatsa chidwi (2016)
62. Zotsatira za sayansi zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti (2016)
63. Kulemba Mauthenga Amtundu, iPod Dependence, ndi Kuchepetsa Kutaya (2016)
64. Zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi chisankho Internet ogwiritsa ntchito (2016)
65. Kulephera kwa nkhope kusamalira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kuledzera pa intaneti: phunziro lapadera lothandizira (2016)
66. Kugwiritsira ntchito pa intaneti: Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitundu yambiri ikhale yogwira ntchito pamtundu wa OXTR, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito intaneti, komanso zikhalidwe zina (2016)
67. Njira Yotsatsa Njira Zachiwiri Zosankha Zochita za EEG za Achinyamata Achidwi Okhala ndi Matenda a pa Intaneti (2016)
68. Cholinga Chakumagwirizana ndi Maphunziro a Edzi Amaphunziro a Pulogalamu ya Maselo a Internet (2016)
69. Kusokoneza ubongo, njira zowononga zoletsa komanso zopatsa mphotho ku intaneti (2016)
70. Mapulogalamu a Electrophysiological pa umwayi wa intaneti: Kuwongolera mkati mwa njira ziwiri (2017)
71. Zosintha mawonekedwe osayenerera, ma fronto-parietal ndi maulendo maukonde achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la intaneti (2017)
72. Udindo wa kuwongolera kwam'maganizo pakukonda kwapadera pa intaneti - kafukufuku wa fMRI (2017)
73. Neural correlate yogwiritsira ntchito pa intaneti kwa odwala omwe akudwala matenda opatsirana pa intaneti (2017)
74. Kusintha kwa ubongo wa ubongo wokhudzana ndi Social Networking Site addiction (2017)
75. Zotsatira za ma electro-acupuncture kuphatikizapo maganizo okhudza zizindikiro za m'maganizo ndi P50 ya zowonongeka zowonongeka kwa odwala okhala ndi intaneti kudwala matenda (2017)
76. Nthawi Ndi Ndalama: Kupanga Kusankha kwa Smartphone Ogwiritsa Ntchito Pamwamba ndi Kuwonongeka Kusankha Kwapakati (2017)
77. Kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso cha intaneti ndi ma neurobiological correlates (2017)
78. Kugwiritsa ntchito Facebook pa mafoni ndi imvi nkhani ya phokoso accumcums (2017)
79. Zolakolako pakuzindikira maonekedwe a nkhope ndi intaneti: Kuda nkhawa kozindikira ngati mkhalapakati (2017)
80. Kusintha kwasintha kwa Hedonic ku Social Media Cues (2017)
81. Kusiyanasiyana kwa kusintha kwa thupi kumatsatira kutsata kwa intaneti m'makina apamwamba ndi otsika kwambiri ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti (2017)
82. Kusiyanasiyana kwa Mpumulo-Wowonjezereka wa Electroencephalography Zitsanzo za Kusokonezeka kwa Chisamaliro / Kusokonezeka Kwambiri ndi kapena popanda Comorbid Symptoms (2017)
83. Mphoto yosayembekezereka ndi chilango Kulingalira kofanana ndi Internet Addicts (2017)
84. Umboni kuchokera ku Njira Yopindulitsa, FNN ndi P300 Mphamvu mu Internet-Addiction in Young People (2017)
85. Kulowetsa kwa intaneti mu ubongo: Kuwongolera, kuchitapo kanthu, ndi zochita (2017)
86. Kuchokera Makhalidwe Abwino Omwe Amagwira Ntchito Ogwira Ntchito Omwe Amagwirizanitsa ndi Omwe Amagwirizanitsa ndi Chizolowezi cha Internet Addiction (2017)
87. Chiyanjano pakati pa kusintha kwa thupi m'kudzimvera, kudzikuza ndi kuledzera kwa intaneti: Kuphunzira pamtanda (2017)
88. Zotsatira za Kudalira pa intaneti pa makasitomala owonera a Student College (2017)
89. Chithandizo cha electro-acupuncture for addiction internet: Umboni wa kuimika matenda osokoneza maganizo m'zaka zachinyamata (2017)
90. Chilakolako chofuna kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa Intaneti-matenda oyankhulirana pogwiritsira ntchito zithunzi ndi zowonongeka pamaganizo-reactivity paradigm (2017)
91. Kulephera Kumvera Chisoni Anthu Omwe Amakhala ndi Internet Addiction Disorder: Zochitika Zokhudzana ndi Zochitika Phunziro (2017)
92. Makhalidwe a Ubongo Ambiri Mu Zovuta Kuli ndi Internet Addiction (2017)
93. Chiyanjano pakati pa intaneti ndi maonekedwe a thupi, majinito a ma Hemoglobin ndi a Leukocyte Maseŵera kwa Ophunzira (2017)
94. Kuonongeka kwa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mafoni Smartphone Kuzindikiritsa Maganizo Okhudza Maganizo pogwiritsa ntchito Brainwaves ndi Kuphunzira Kwambiri (2017)
95. Kusokoneza Intaneti Kumapangitsa Kusalongosoka mu Ubongo (2017)
96. WERED: Zotsatira za zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi zimagwiritsa ntchito kupsinjika (cortisol) ndi kutupa (interleukin IL-6) m'mabanja othamanga kwambiri (2018)
97. Mauthenga Amakono ndi Zotsatsa (ICT): Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti molakwika, masewera a pakompyuta, mafoni a m'manja, mauthenga apakompyuta ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito MULTICAGE-TIC (2018)
98. Autonomic stress reactivity ndi kukhumba kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti (2018)
99. Kusokoneza bongo kwa intaneti pa ntchito yayikulu ndikuphunzira ku ana a sukulu a ku Taiwan (2018)
100. Matenda a pa Intaneti ndi maonekedwe a ubongo waumunthu: kuzindikira koyamba pa WeChat addiction (2018)
101. Kusintha kwa Pavlovian-to-instrumental: Pulogalamu yatsopano yowunika njira zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito Intaneti (2018)
102. Kuchokera pamtundu wa zizoloŵezi za khalidwe: Kusanthula meta ndi njira zamaganizo (2018)
103. Kupeza mwachindunji mwayi wa mauthenga a pa intaneti pakati pa osowa pa intaneti: umboni ndi khalidwe la ERP (2018)
104. Achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito maseŵero amadziŵika kwambiri ndi kudzikonda kwawo kuposa momwe amadzionera okha: Neural umboni (2018)
105. Kulimbana ndi vutoli paunyamata ndi intaneti: Umboni wochokera ku Attention Network Task (2018).
106. Zochita za electrophysiological zikugwirizana ndi chiopsezo cha kuledzera kwa intaneti ku anthu omwe sali odwala (2018)
107. Kuyanjana ndi Processing Negative Stimuli mu Vuto la Ogwiritsira Ntchito Intaneti: Umboni Woyambirira kuchokera ku Ntchito Yokhumudwitsa (2018)
108. Kodi "kuloŵerera kudziletsa" ku maseŵera kumatsogolera ku zolaula? Insight kuchokera ku ngozi ya April 2018 yamaseva a Fortnite (2018)
109. Lekani kundikankhira kutali: Ubale wa Facebook wodalitsa umayanjanitsidwa ndi njira yowonongeka yolimbikitsa pa Facebook Stimuli (2018)
110. Kusiyana kwa kugonana pa zotsatira za vuto la kusewera pa intaneti pa ntchito za ubongo: Umboni wochokera ku boma fMRI (2018)
111. Kusintha malingaliro a ubongo wokhudzana ndi kuyesa kuunika ndi kudziletsa mu zosankha zamakhalidwe (2018)
112. Ogwiritsa ntchito mafilimu ochuluka akuwonetsa zovuta kupanga mu Iowa Gambling Task (2019)
113. Kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi a pars operaris abwino azimayi (2019)
114. Kuthawoneka zoona kudzera m'mavidiyo akugwirizana ndi zofuna zenizeni zenizeni (2019)
115. Gulu lachipolowe chokhalitsa ndi kuchepetsa kuyang'ana kwa ma intaneti: Umboni kuchokera ku kusanthula kwa mtengo kochepa (2019)
116. Kusiyana pakati pa achinyamata akuluakulu pa Intaneti, osuta fodya, ndi kulamulira bwino mwa kugwirizana pakati pa kukhudzidwa ndi kukhudzidwa ndi msinkhu wambiri (2019)
117. Zinthu zogonana ndi ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti: ndondomeko yowonongeka (2019)
118. Kuwonetsa kugwirizana kwa maganizo a intaneti pa zokhudzana ndi EEG kudzera mu kusanthula kwa intaneti (2019)
119. Zosankha Zoipa Pangani Zochitika Zabwino: Osasintha Zochita Zosankha ndi Kuchita Makhalidwe a Khungu Momwe Mungayankhire M'magulu Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mafoni Aakulu (2019)
120. Kuyeza zinthu zokhudzana ndi mphotho, kutetezedwa, komanso kulamulira mwachangu anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti (2019)
121. Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pamsokonezo: kufufuza kwa mabungwe pakati pa kuzindikira ndi COMT rs4818, rs4680 haplotypes (2019)
122. Miyeso ya Plasma yowonongeka ya Maselo a Glial-Ochitidwa ndi Matenda a Mitsempha Yokwanira kwa Odwala Pakati pa Masewera a Masewera a Intaneti: A Case-Control, Pilot Study (2019)
123. Kusintha kwazing'onozing'ono ndi khalidwe lachilombo cha intaneti: Kufalitsidwa koyambirira kwa MRI kuphunzira (2019)
124. Corrigendum: Zosankha Zoyipa Zimapanga Nkhani Zabwino: Njira Yopangira Mavuto Operewera ndi Kuyankha Kwa Khungu Pazinthu Zokhala Ndi Smartphone Addiction (2019).
125. Njira yodziwitsira ubale wapabanja komanso kusungulumwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti: Kafukufuku wa ERP (2019)
126. Kupezeka kwazomwekugwiritsa ntchito ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti ovuta pazizindikiro za ma Wi-Fi komanso kusanja kwamomwe kumakhudzira zoipa: Kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi zochitika (2019)
127. Kugwiritsira Ntchito Nthawi Yogona Pafoni Ya Smartphone Kulumikizana Ndi Kusinthidwa-Kupuma Kogwira Ntchito kwa Kulumikizana kwa Insula mu Ogwiritsa Ntchito Akuluakulu a Smartphone (2019)
128. Zovuta zamtundu wa lateral orbitofrontal imaphatikizidwa ndimavuto ogwiritsa ntchito ma smartphone (2019)
129. Zowonetsa pa intaneti komanso maukonde ogwirira ntchito: kuphunzira kwokhudzana ndi fMRI (2019)
130. Zotsatira za ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndi zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito malo ochezera (2019)
131. Zochitika za Neurophysiological ndi clinico-biological pazomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito intaneti (2019)
132. Zothandiza pophatikiza mafinya obwera chifukwa cha kupuma (2020)
133. Zosakanikirana ndi magwiridwe antchito a chizolowezi cha smartphone (2020)

Gawo lachiwiri: Maphunziro a ubongo wa vidiyo a mavidiyo:

1. Umboni wotsutsa dopamine kumasulidwa pa masewera a kanema (1998)
2. Majini a Dopamine ndi mphoto zimadalira achinyamata omwe ali ndi masewera owonetsera mavidiyo ambiri (2007)
3. Kuwonetseratu kwapadera pamasewera a pakompyuta omwe amatsutsana ndi osewera kwambiri (2007)
4. Zochitika za ubongo zogwirizana ndi masewera olimbitsa machitidwe othamanga masewera a pa Intaneti (2008).
5. Zotsatira za kugwiritsira ntchito kwambiri pa intaneti pazochitika zokhudzana ndi zochitika za N400 (2008)
6. Zotsatira za methylphenidate pa sewero la masewera a kanema pa intaneti kwa ana omwe ali ndi vuto losokonezeka maganizo (2009)
7. Kuwonetsa masewera a pakompyuta ndi mavidiyo-kufanana pakati pa osewera masewera ndi osagwiritsa ntchito masewera (2010)
8. Bupropion inathandiza chithandizo chomasulidwa kumachepetsa chilakolako cha masewera a pakompyuta ndi zochitika za ubongo zomwe zimachititsa anthu odwala masewera a pakompyuta (2010)
9. Kusintha kagayidwe kake kamene kamayambitsa shuga m'maseŵera a pa intaneti: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography kuphunzira (2010)
10. Kusintha kwa Cue Induced Prefrontal Cortex Ntchito ndi Masewero a Masewero a Video. (2010)
11. Kugwirizana kwa ubongo wolakalaka masewera a pa Intaneti pansi pa chidziwitso mu nkhani zomwe zimakhala ndi zovuta zogwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti ndi zosiyidwa. (2011)
12. Zomwe zinapangitsa kuti athandize achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2011)
13. Kulimbitsa Mtima Kwachidziwitso ndi Kuperewera Kwambiri Kutenga Chisomo mu Internet Addicts: FMRI Phunziro Pa Ntchito Yoganizira (2011)
14. Zochitika za ubongo ndi chikhumbo chosewera masewero a kanema wa intaneti (2011)
15. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pa intaneti ndi kupanga ziganizo: Kodi osewera kwambiri a World of Warcraft osewera ali ndi mavuto pakupanga zisankho pansi pa zoopsa? (2011)
16. Mafilimu a masewera amodzi (2011)
17. Mphamvu ya dopaminergic system pa intaneti (2011)
18. Zotsatira za chithandizo cha banja pa kusintha kwa kusewera kwa masewero a masewera a pa intaneti ndi ntchito ya ubongo kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a pa intaneti (2012)
19. Kusamala komanso kusokoneza masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakhudzana ndi vuto la kusewera pakati pa anyamata achichepere. (2012)
20. Kusintha kwa kugwirizana kwa chigawo chakumidzi kwa kubwerera kwa ubongo m'maseŵera a masewera othamanga. (2012)
21. Kulakwitsa kusinthasintha ndi kuchitapo kanthu poyesa masewera owonetsa masewera a pakompyuta: phunziro lapadera lothandizira (2012)
22. Zochita za ubongo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kusewera ndi kusuta fodya pakati pa nkhani zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuwonetsa masewera a intaneti ndi kudalira kwa chikonga. (2012)
23. Kufufuza kwa ubongo fMRI ya chilakolako chochitidwa ndi zithunzi zojambulidwa pa maseŵera a pa intaneti (anyamata achichepere) (2012)
24. Kusiyanasiyana pakati pa mitu yofiira ya m'madera ambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pamasewera ndi ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi (2012)
25. Kusokoneza malingaliro owonetsera kumawonekera thalamus ndi chithunzi chamtundu wa cortex chosawonongeka mu mayendedwe a intaneti (2012).
26. Kufufuza kwa ma voxel pogwiritsa ntchito morphometric kuunika kwa ubongo m'magulu othamanga pa intaneti (2012)
27. Zosokoneza zamaganizo pazithunzithunzi zokhudzana ndi masewera a pa intaneti ndi kuwonongeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2012)
28. Kulimbana Kwambiri Ndizovuta Kwambiri M'zaka Zakale Zolembedwa ndi Kugonjetsa Masewera Othamanga (2013)
29. Cue reactivity ndi kulepheretsa masewera ochita masewera a pakompyuta (2013)
30. Kuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ubongo kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la intaneti (2013)
31. Nkhani yofiira ndi zoyera zosavuta kuwonetsa masewera a pa Intaneti (2013).
32. Kusintha kwa chidziwitso pa intaneti kumavuta: Umboni wa fMRI kuchokera ku zovuta zovuta komanso zosavuta kusintha (2013)
33. Yatsatsa malumikizowo okhudzana ndi machitidwe otha kusokoneza achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2013)
34. Kuchuluka kwa orbitofrontal cortical makulidwe kwa anyamata achichepere ndi ma intaneti (2013)
35. Zolinga za mphoto pakati pa intaneti: Zotsatira za makhalidwe awo osokoneza bongo (2013).
36. Chiwerengero cha kuchepa kwafupipafupi kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa Intaneti (2013)
37. Kungowonera masewerawa sikukwanira: mphoto yolandila ya fMRI imayankha mochita bwino komanso zolephera pamasewera a kanema mukasewera mwachangu komanso mosasamala (2013)
38. Kodi n'chiyani chimapangitsa kuti odwala pa Intaneti azipitirira kusewera pa Intaneti ngakhale atakumana ndi mavuto aakulu? Zomwe zingatheke kuchokera ku phunziro la FMRI (2013)
39. Kujambula kwa ma voxel kufotokozera zamatsenga zomwe zimapangidwira makina opanga mafilimu okhudzidwa ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2013).
40. Kutsegulira ubongo pofuna kuyankhira kutetezedwa pansi pa zosangalatsa za masewera mu vuto la masewera a intaneti (2013)
41. Kulimbana ndi masewera a intaneti: malingaliro atsopano (2013)
42. Kuwongolera ubongo wa ubongo pakuyankha kukanika ndi kulakwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu nkhani zomwe zili ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: kuphunzira masomphenya opanga maginito (2014)
43. Kugonjera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: meta-kafukufuku wa masewero opangira maginito opanga masewero (2014)
44. Kuchita zinthu mosaganizira komanso kusokoneza maganizo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli kumawathandiza achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi pa Intaneti omwe amavomerezedwa ndi GMR (2014)
45. Zithunzi za PET zimasonyeza kuti ubongo umasintha pa vuto la masewera a intaneti (2014)
46. Kugwirizana kwa ubongo wa kuyankha koletsedwa mu vuto la masewera a intaneti (2014)
47. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) mu masewera osewera pamasewera (2014)
48. Zomwe zimakhala zovuta zokhudzana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi zimasiyana mosiyana ndi mtundu wa masewera omwe amasankhidwa (2014)
49. Zochitika zapakati pazomwe zilipo pakati pa vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti ndi matenda osokoneza bongo (2014)
50. Zovuta zenizeni zochiza matenda a masewera a intaneti (2014)
51. Nkhani ya imvi yosayera ndi mavidiyo oyera oyera mu 'okonda masewera a pa intaneti' (2014)
52. Kusintha kwachinsinsi komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndichitsulo chogwirizana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti (2014)
53. Kuwopsa koopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: Umboni wa fMRI kuchokera ku ntchito yothetsera vuto (2014)
54. Kutha kwachitsulo chosamalitsa ndi kusamvetsetsa kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2014)
55. Kuyesa mu vivo kusintha kwa microstructure m'nkhani yofiira pogwiritsa ntchito DKI muzosewera zamaseŵera (2014)
56. EEG ndi ERP yochokera pa Intaneti ya Internet Game Addiction Analysis (2014)
57. Kuchepetsa kugwirizanitsa ntchito zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu bungwe lolamulira lachiwiri likugwirizana ndi osowa ntchito akuluakulu mu vuto la masewera a intaneti (2014)
58. Kusiyanasiyana kwa boma kumagwirizanitsa kusintha kwa osuta ndi osasuta ndi kuwonetsa masewera a intaneti (2014)
59. Kuphatikizidwa mwachindunji kwa kugwirizanitsa ntchito zogwirira ntchito m'chinyamata ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2014)
60. Zofanana ndi kusiyana pakati pa vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti, vuto lakutchova njuga ndi vuto lakumwa mowa: Kuika maganizo pa kukhudzidwa ndi kukhudzidwa (2014)
61. Kusiyana kwa kugwirizanitsa ntchito pakati pa kudalira mowa ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2015)
62. Kusokonekera kwa ubongo m'maganizo ndi kusamvetsetsana kwachinsinsi m'masewera a masewera a intaneti kumapeto kwa zaka zaunyamata / akuluakulu (2015)
63. Anasintha mitsempha ya imvi ndikusokoneza kugwirizana kwa amygdala kwa anthu akuluakulu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti (2015)
64. Kukhazikika kwa anthu omwe akukhala m'madera amtundu monga chilengedwe chodziwika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: Kuyerekezera ndi odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lakumwa mowa ndi kulamulira bwino (2015)
65. Zotsatira za malipiro akugwiritsidwa ntchito pathological computer gamers: ERP-zotsatira kuchokera masabata-masewera Masewera-Design (2015)
66. Striatum morphometry imagwirizanitsa ndi chidziwitso choletsa kuwonongeka ndi chidziwitso choopsa mu vuto la masewera a intaneti (2015)
67. Maphunziro a masewera avidiyo ndi dongosolo la mphoto (2015)
68. Kuchokera kwa Prefrontal Lobe Interhemispheric Kugwira Ntchito Mogwirizana Ndi Achinyamata Okhala ndi Masewera a Masewera a Intaneti: Phunziro Loyamba Pogwiritsa Ntchito Mpumulo wa FMRI (2015)
69. Makhalidwe ogwira ntchito a ubongo ku ophunzira a koleji ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2015)
70. Kusinthidwa kwa mutu wa imvi kumawongolera mphamvu ndi chidziwitso kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti (2015)
71. Kufufuza kwa FMRI za kuthetsa chidziwitso m'masewera ovuta (2015)
72. Kusungunuka kwachisawawa kwasungwana kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2015)
73. Kulimbitsa mgwirizano wogwira ntchito pakati pa makina olamulira akuluakulu ndi mapulogalamu ogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu akufotokozera machitidwe a masewera a intaneti pa vuto la kusewera pa Intaneti (2015)
74. Kodi maseŵera a pa intaneti amagwiritsa ntchito ubongo kukhala pafupi ndi matenda? (2015)
75. Kusintha Maganizo Okhudzidwa ndi Achinyamata Akulu Amuna Achikulire Okhala ndi Masewera Oposa pa Intaneti (2015)
76. Kukonzekera kwa ubongo kumasewero a masewera Pambuyo pa Zomwe Zimakhalapo Pa Gaming (2015)
77. Zotsatira za Masewera a Pakanema pa Cognition ndi Ubongo wa Ubongo: Zingakhale Zotsatira za Matenda a Neuropsychiatric (2015)
78. Kulephera kwa dera lamtunduwu panthawi yolumbirira mawu achinyamata achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2015)
79. Kusalongosoka kwapadera kotentha kwapadera komwe kumapangitsa kuti thupi likhale logwirizana ndi vuto lalikulu la vuto la masewera a intaneti (2015)
80. Zovuta zokhudzana ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti ndi matenda ozunguza mowa: EEG study (2015)
81. Masewera a masewera (2015)
82. Kuchepetsa kugwirizanitsa ntchito pakati pa chigawo cha ventral ndi nucleus yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa vuto la masewera a intaneti: umboni wochokera ku boma wogwiritsa ntchito maginito opanga magetsi (2015)
83. Kusamvetsetsana Kwachikondi Kwambiri pa Zomwe Achinyamata Amadziŵa pa Zomwe Achinyamata Amakhala ndi Internet Gaming Disorder (2015)
84. Kusintha kwa mafupipafupi kumasinthidwe a kusintha kwafupipafupi mu vuto la masewera a intaneti (2015)
85. Kulepheretsa kusokonezeka kwabasi pakati pa akuluakulu Internet Masewero matenda (2015)
86. Kuchepetsa kutengeka kwa machitidwe ndi chiopsezo cha ubongo pa ubongo pakupanga chisankho kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2015)
87. Matenda okhudza nthenda ya masewera a masewera a intaneti: Zofanana ndi kutchova njuga (2015)
88. Kugwirizana kwa ubongo ndi kusokonezeka maganizo kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2015)
89. Kuyesera Kutsimikiziridwa Kuneneratu ndi Kumanga Masewero a Pakompyuta Ogwiritsa Ntchito (2015)
90. Zotsatira za mavidiyo a pa sewero zimasewera pazipangizo za ubongo: Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu ndi nthawi yaitali (2016)
91. Kugwiritsa ntchito ventral ndi dorsal striatum panthawi yovuta kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu vuto la masewera a intaneti (2016)
92. Kugwirizana kwa ubongo ndi kusokonezeka maganizo kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2016)
93. Maulendo a Frontostriatal, kutseguka kwa boma kumagwirizanitsa ntchito ndi chidziwitso chachinsinsi mu vuto la masewera a intaneti (2016)
94. Kusakanikirana kwazomwekudziwitsidwa kwa ntchito pa ntchito yokhudzana ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi zochitika zomwe zimakhala ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2016)
95. Kupuma Kwachikhalidwe Chakumphaka Catecholamine ndi Nkhawa M'zaka za Chichewa Amuna Achichepere omwe ali ndi mavailesi a intaneti (2016)
96. Zotsatira za Network-Based Analysis Zimasonyeza Kugwira Ntchito Kulumikizana Malingana ndi Internet Addiction Chizolowezi (2016)
97. Kusintha Kogwiritsidwa Ntchito Kowonongeka kwa Insula ndi Nucleus Zomwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito pa Masewera a Masewera a Intaneti: Dziko Lopuma fMRI Study (2016)
98. Zochitika zokhudzana ndi chiwawa pa masewero a pakompyuta zingayambitse kugwirizanitsa ntchito kumasewera a ubongo monga momwe awonetseredwa ndi fMRI-ICA mwa anyamata (2016)
99. Zosamala zamakono pa masewera a pa intaneti: Kufufuza kafukufuku pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo Stroop ndi pulogalamu yamakono (2016)
100. Kuchepetsa kugwirizanitsa ntchito zogwiritsira ntchito insula pogwiritsa ntchito makanema achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti (2016)
101. Njira yosayenerera yogwiritsira ntchito mawonekedwe ndi kasitomala olamulira pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti: Kusanthula kagawo kayekha pokhapokha ntchito yochepetsera ntchito (2016)
102. Zowonongeka zazing'ono zowonongeka panthawi yopanga zoopsa pa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2016)
103. Zolumikizana Zowonongeka Zoganizira Zomwe Achinyamata Amakhala ndi Masewera a Masewera a pa Intaneti (2016)
104. Kusakanikirana kwazomwe ntchito zowonongeka pa ntchito yokhudzana ndi zochitika zogwirizana ndi zochitika za anthu omwe ali ndi Internetgamingdisorder (2016)
105. Makhalidwe ogwira ntchito a ubongo ku ophunzira a koleji ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2016)
106. Ntchito ya ubongo kumayendedwe a maseŵera pa intaneti Masewera a Masewera pa Chizoloŵezi Choyambitsa Matenda (2016)
107. Kusintha Khalidweli ndi Kusintha kwa Zachikhalidwe pakati pa Achinyamata Owonjezera pa intaneti ndi Zothekera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Chithandizo cha Cue Exposure Therapy ku Internet Gaming Disorder (2016)
108. Masewero olimbitsa thupi a masewera a pa intaneti kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusakhudzidwa kwa matenda: Matenda a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) (2016)
109. Zosintha zokhudzana ndi zochitika zapadera zotsitsimutsa ndi kusintha motsatira chilakolako chofuna kutsegula pa vuto la masewera a intaneti (2016)
110. Kufufuza za Neural Basis ya Avatar Identification mu Pathological Internet Gamers ndi Self-Reflection ku Pathological Social Network Ogwiritsa Ntchito (2016)
111. Kusintha kwa maubongo ogwira ntchito m'maganizo mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: Umboni wochokera ku boma fMRI (2016)
112. Kuwerengera kwa zotsatira za zotsatira za bupropion ndi escitalopram pa vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti (2016)
113. Wopanda mphamvu woyang'anira ulamuliro ndi mphotho yoyendetsa mu intaneti ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'onopang'ono kuchotsera ntchito: Kusanthula kwachindunji (2016)
114. Zotsatira za chilakolako cholowererapo pazithunzithunzi za neural zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chilakolako cha matenda a masewera a intaneti (2016)
115. Gulu lothandizira maganizo a mndandanda wamtundu woyera m'masewera a masewera a intaneti (2016)
116. Ntchito Zowonongeka Zowonongeka ndi Mkhalidwe Wopweteka Makhalidwe Amuna Achichepere Amakhala ndi Mavuto Osewera Achinyamata pa Intaneti (2016)
117. Zotsatira za zotsatirapo pa covariance pakati pa ubwino wa msinkhu ndi ntchito za ubongo kwa achinyamata ndi vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti (2016)
118. Kusintha kwa umoyo wa moyo ndi chidziwitso ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: Kutsata kwa mwezi wa 6 (2016)
119. Kuwonjezeka kwapadera kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kowonjezera kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2016)
120. Kusinthasintha kwa mtima kwa kusiyana kwa vuto la masewera a intaneti m'maganizo (2016)
121. Kuchepetsa kuchepetsa, kuchitapo kanthu pangozi, ndi kukhudzidwa kukanidwa pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi intaneti ndi Vuto la Gaming Disorders (2016)
122. Kupereŵera Kuchokera kwa Osewera Masewero a Pakanema: Kuyerekeza Nthawi Yopitirira Pakati pa Gamers (2017)
123. Kusokonezeka maganizo pakati paunyamata wamwamuna ndi Internet Gaming Disorder (2017)
124. Matenda a neurophysiological of response response inhibition mu intaneti masewera ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi: Zomwe zimayambitsa kusakhudzidwa ndi kukhudzidwa (2017)
125. Masewera amachepetsa chilakolako chokhudzana ndi masewera omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2017)
126. Kusinthika kwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasinthika muzowonongeka pazowonongeka pa intaneti: Kusokoneza kwa ubwana ADHD (2017)
127. Kusiyanitsa kwa munthu payekha maluso ophunzirako komanso kuchita zinthu mopupuluma pa zovuta za pa Intaneti ndi masewera a masewera a intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito kugonana (2017)
128. Zochitika zatsopano mu ubongo kufufuza kwa intaneti ndi vuto la masewera (2017)
129. Mgwirizano pakati pa omwe akuyembekezera chizindikiro ndi kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a pang'onopang'ono kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: EEG yopuma yopuma (2017)
130. Kuletsa Kuletsa ndi Kusewera kwa Masewera a pa intaneti: Kufufuza meta (2017)
131. Kusokoneza ubongo wa dissociable panthawi yopanga zisankho zoopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a intaneti (2017)
132. Kulumikizana pakati pa mafotokozedwe akuti ndi kugwirizanitsa ntchito m'kati mwa njira zosasinthika zingathe kusiyanitsa vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti kuchokera ku machitidwe abwino (2017)
133. Kugwirizana kwa Neural mu matenda a masewera a intaneti ndi matenda osokoneza bongo: Kusanthula kwa EEG mgwirizano wophatikizapo (2017)
134. Kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe kake kumalo osokoneza mgwirizano pakati pa vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti ndi kupsinjika maganizo (2017)
135. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podziwa za biomarker za vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti m'mabambo aang'ono a ku Korea (2017)
136. Kuzindikira zamaganizo ndi mphotho yotayika yosakanikirana ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti: Zotsatira kuchokera poyerekeza ndi osewera ogwiritsira ntchito masewera a intaneti (2017)
137. Kuyerekeza kwa Electroencephalography (EEG) Mgwirizano pakati pa Matenda Oopsya Ambiri (MDD) popanda Kugonjetsedwa ndi MDD Kulimbana ndi Masewera a Gaming Disorder (2017)
138. Kusankha zochita, kusintha kwachangu, ndi kupanga malingaliro a vuto la masewera a intaneti (2017)
139. Kusintha kwa Mawu a nkhope Osadziwika mwa Anthu omwe ali ndi masewera a masewera a intaneti (2017).
140. Vuto la hippocampal yowonongeka ndi kugwirizanitsa ntchito pakati pa amuna ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti poyerekeza ndi omwe ali ndi vuto lakumwa mowa (2017)
141. Kuphatikizana kosasintha kwa mawonekedwe osasinthika, maofesi akuluakulu ndi olamulira pa vuto la masewera a intaneti (2017)
142. Kusiyanasiyana kwa kugwirizanitsa ntchito kwa dorolateral prefrontal cortex pakati pa osuta ndi kudalira kwa nicotine ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2017)
143. Ntchito Zojambula Zowonongeka Zogwirizana ndi Kukonda ndi Cue Reactivity mwa Anthu Amene Amakhala ndi Masewera a Masewera a Intaneti: Umboni Wochokera Kuyerekezera ndi Recreational Internet Game ogwiritsa ntchito (2017)
144. Zotsatira za masewera a pakompyuta pa pulasitiki wa hippocampus (2017)
145. Kusiyanasiyana kwa matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhudzana ndi masewera a masewera a intaneti ndi matenda ozunguza mowa omwe amayesedwa ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi zochitika (2017)
146. Kulimbana ndi Masewera a Pakompyuta pa Okalamba Okula: Umboni Wokwanira Mthupi la Mafilimu pa Masewera a Pakompyuta Amawongolera ngati Oyerekeza ndi Kulimbana ndi Umoyo Wathanzi (2017)
147. Kusokoneza malingaliro a chikhalidwe cha chikhulupiliro cha white matter correlates ndi kukhudzidwa kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti (2017)
148. Zachidule za Zomwe Zimapangidwira Zomwe Zimakhala Zovuta Masewera a Pakompyuta Akusewera (2017)
149. Kagulu kafukufuku wodziimira payekha akuwonetsera kusinthana kwa magulu olamulira abwino mu intaneti yovuta masewera (2017)
150. Kusamalidwa kwachinsinsi kosavomerezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: Kufufuza kwa mwezi wa 6 ERP (2017)
151. Zosaoneka bwino zimakhala zovuta komanso zosakhudzidwa ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2017)
152. Zosintha Zowona pa Kujambula Zoganizira za Ubongo pa Intaneti Zomwe Zimayambitsa Mavuto (2017)
153. Kuyerekeza kwa kugwirizana kwa ubongo pakati pa intaneti njuga ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: Kuphunzira koyambirira (2017)
154. Kusakhudzidwa ndi kukhudzidwa ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: Kuyerekezera ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito mowa (2017)
155. Kulephera Kupeleka Magazi Omwe Amapereka Mphotho Yophiphiritsira Mwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Masewera Osewera pa Intaneti (2017)
156. Kusokoneza maganizo kosaoneka ngati chiwonetsero cha vuto la masewera a intaneti: kutembenuza umboni wochokera kumalo osakanikirana ndi ojambula (2017)
157. Kuyerekezera Zotsatira za Bupropion ndi Escitalopram pa Internet Game Play Play kwa Odwala Amene Ali ndi Matenda Oopsya Ambiri (2017)
158. Kusintha ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosinthika kwachisokonezo pavuto la masewera a intaneti: Kuwongolera mwatsatanetsatane ndi meta-analysis (2017)
159. Kodi Kutsekemera Kwa Nthenda Yopweteka Kwambiri Kumayambitsa Kusokoneza Bongo Kusayendetsa Zotsatira za Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo? Zotsatira za Achinyamata Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ndi Internet Gaming Disorder (2017)
160. Ntchito Yopanda Ntchito Yowonongeka Imayanjanitsidwa ndi Chikoka Chawo mwa Anthu Amene Ali ndi Matenda a Masewera a Intaneti pa Ntchito Yopereka Chochepa (2017)
161. Mtundu Wosatha Kutulukira Mapulogalamu Oposa Atatu a pa Intaneti Masewera Osewera (2017)
162. Zotsatira za masewero a masewero a kanema pogwiritsa ntchito ma TV pazipsyinjo za kupanikizika komanso kudya zakudya mu anyamata olemera kwambiri komanso ocheperachepera: Mayesero omwe amachitidwa mosavuta (2018)
163. Chidziwitso cha Kulakalaka Masewera Achinyamata omwe ali ndi masewera a masewera a intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito Multimodal Biosignals (2018)
164. Kusokonezeka maganizo ndi kutchova njuga pafupi-kumasowa ku Gaming Disorder: Kuphunzira koyambirira (2018)
165. Zosintha Zosintha-Ndondomeko Yomwe Zimakhazikika ndi Zogwira Ntchito Zowonongeka Kuyankhulana kwa Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex mu Zolinga ndi Internet Gaming Disorder (2018)
166. Grey kusiyana kusiyana ndi anterior cingulate ndi orbitofrontal cortex achinyamata ndi Intaneti maseŵera matenda: Surface makale morphometry (2018)
167. Maonekedwe a Ubongo Ogwirizana ndi Internet Addiction Chizoloŵezi cha Achinyamata Padziko Lonse Osewera Masewera (2018)
168. Kuzungulira Masalimo Achidule a MicroRNA Ogwirizana ndi Internet Gaming Disorder (2018)
169. Kusintha kwa Mitima ya Mtima Kusinthika Pakati pa Masewera mu Internet Gaming Disorder (2018)
170. Kusintha kwa Grey Kulimbitsa Mauthenga ndi Kutsegula-Boma Kuyankhulana Kwa Anthu Ena Ndimakhala ndi Mavuto a Masewera a pa Intaneti: Ma Pulogalamu Yopangitsira Maganizo Omwe Amagwiritsira Ntchito Kujambula Maganizo (2018) a Voxel-Based Based Voxel
171. Kuwonjezeka Kwambiri Kulimbitsa Thupi Mogwirizana ndi Chizindikiro Kukhwima M'magulu Amuna Omwe Amakhala ndi Mavuto Othandiza pa Intaneti: A Surface Based Based Morphometric Study (2018)
172. Kuyanjana ndi kugonana komwe kumagwira ntchito ndi chilakolako pakuchita masewera ndi kudziletsa mwamsanga panthawi yopuma yovomerezeka: Zotsatira za chitukuko ndi kupitirira kwa vuto la masewera a intaneti (2018)
173. Bupropion imasonyeza zotsatira zosiyana pa ubongo wothandizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa odwala okhala ndi intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, kutchova njuga ndi kusewera kwa masewera a intaneti (2018)
174. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pa sewero la intaneti kumawoneka ndi mgwirizano ndi kuwonjezeka kwachangu kuyankhulana pakati pa njira zosasinthika ndi maulendo ogwira mtima m'matenda opsinjika omwe ali ndi nthawi yayitali ya Serotonin Transporter Gene (2018)
175. Udindo wochita chidwi ndi kusasamala pakati pa masewero a kanema ndi zachiwawa: Kafukufuku wa ERP (2018)
176. Comorbidity pakati pa Internet Gaming Disorder ndi Kusokonezeka maganizo: Kuyanjana ndi Njira za Neural (2018)
177. Umboni woyambirira wa nkhani ya mvi imakhala yovuta kwambiri m'mitu ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti: mayanjano ndi mbiri ya ubwana / kuchepa kwa matenda a matenda (2018)
178. Kulemera kwa Cortical ndi kuwonongeka kwavuto mu vuto la masewera a intaneti: Umboni woyerekezera wa osewera osewera osewera pa Intaneti (2018)
179. Mapulogalamu a Neurobiological Correlates mu Masewera a Masewera a pa intaneti: Kufufuza Zowonongeka (2018)
180. Masewero a anthu a masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi osokonezeka (2018)
181. Kusintha Kwambiri Kwambiri pa Neural Kulumikizana Kwa Odwala Pogwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti Mavuto a Masewera: Phunziro la EEG lokhazikika.
182. Maseŵera a Glutamate a Sirimu Amachepetsa Okalamba Achimuna ndi Intaneti Kusewera Maganizo: A Pilot Study (2018)
183. Ntchito Yotsalira Mipikisano ya Prefrontal-Striatal mu Kusewera kwa Masewera a Intaneti: Kusintha ndi Kukhala ndi Maganizo Odziŵa Zopangira Chithandizo ndi Zomwe Zidzakhala Zokhudza Kuchiza Mankhwala (2018)
184. Neural Correlates ya Maganizo Odzipotoza Olakwika mwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Mavuto a Masewera a Intaneti: A Functional MRI Study (2018)
185. Kuwonetsa Amaseŵera a Internet Osafuna Kugonana ndi Odwala Pogwiritsa Ntchito Zochita Zambiri zapadera (2018)
186. Kusiyanitsa kwa munthu payekha maluso ophunzirako komanso kuchita zinthu mopupuluma pa zovuta za pa Intaneti ndi masewera a masewera a intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito kugonana (2018)
187. Kusiyanasiyana kwa kugonana mu zochitika zapumulo zokhudzana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi mu vuto la masewera a intaneti (2018)
188. Kusewera kwa Maseŵera a pa Intaneti Kumayenderana ndi Kusintha kwa Fronto-Striatal Kuyanjana Kugwiritsa Ntchito Pa Mphotho Yopereka Mauthenga (2018)
189. Mkonzi: Njira za Neural Zogwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti Kuthamanga Matenda (2018)
190. Kusintha kwa Mitima ya Mtima Kusinthasintha Pa Gameplay mu Internet Gaming Disorder: Mmene Mavuto Alili Pakati pa Masewerawa (2018)
191. The Neural Correlates ya Zolingalira Zomveka Zowona Zambiri pa Intaneti Zowonongeka pa Intaneti: An ERP Study (2018)
192. Zigawo za Anterior Cingulate Cortex Fomu Yosiyana Kuyanjana Kogwira Ntchito Maofesi Amuna Achichepere Akugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti Masewera Osewera ndi Kuvutika Maganizo a Comorbid (2018)
193. Kusiyanasiyana kwa amuna ndi akazi pazithunzithunzi za neural ku masewera a masewera asanakwane ndi pambuyo pa masewera: Zomwe zimakhudza kusagwirizana kwa amuna ndi akazi pa vuto la masewera a intaneti (2018)
194. Kusintha kwa kugwirizana kwa mayendedwe a ubongo m'magulu a maseŵera okhudzana ndi maseŵera a intaneti (2018)
195. Kupanga mapupa a masewera a masewera a pa Intaneti pogwiritsira ntchito kugwirizanitsa bwino: Kuphunzira kochititsa chidwi (2018)
196. Kusintha kwachindunji kwachindunji pamakono ochita masewera a pa Intaneti: Kufufuza komwe kungatheke (2018)
197. Azimayi ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha vuto la kusewera pa intaneti kusiyana ndi amuna: Umboni wochokera ku cortical thickness (2018)
198. Genetic association ya anthu Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor 1 (CRHR1) ndi kuwonetsa maseŵera a intaneti ku ana aamuna achi Korea (2018)
199. Kusiyanasiyana kwa kugonana pakati pa zofuna zokhudzana ndi kugonana m'maseŵera a masewera a intaneti: Zotsatira za kusowa (2018)
200. Chiwawa m'maseŵero a pakompyuta amachititsa kuti ziwalo zam'mimba ndi zachilengedwe zisachepetsedwe poyang'ana mafano a anthu omwe ali nawo (2018)
201. Kuzindikira Masewera a Maseŵera ndi Osakhala Osalongosoka ndi Zithunzi Zojambula ndi EEG Data (2018)
202. Chiyanjano pakati pa kugwiritsira ntchito intaneti ndi leukocyte telomere kutalika kwa ana aamuna a ku Korea (2018)
203. Kuchita zofuna zokhudzana ndi chilakolako chofuna kugwiritsira ntchito lentiform panthawi yosungirako maseŵero kumakhudzana ndi kutuluka kwa matenda a masewera a intaneti (2019)
204. Njira zothetsera ubongo monga chithandizo chotetezera kwa odwala okhala ndi intaneti pa masewera a masewera: Kulimbana ndi EEG Coherence Study (2019)
205. Kuyankha kwa ubongo pa nthawi yopanikizidwa kunganeneratu kuti chidziwitso chidzachitike pa vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti: Kuphunzira kwa nthawi yaitali (2019)
206. Mbiri ya Lipidomic imasokonezedwa ndi vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti m'mabambo aang'ono a ku Korea (2019)
207. Kusintha maubongo ogwira ntchito mu ubongo m'maseŵera a masewera a intaneti: gawo lodziimira ndi graph kusanthula kulingalira pansi pa ntchito yothetsera vuto (2019)
208. Kusintha kwa machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito panthawi yothandizira-kuyambiranso mu vuto la kusewera pa intaneti (2019)
209. Kusanthula meta za kusintha kwabwino kwazisudzo m'mitu yomwe ili ndi vuto la masewera a intaneti: Zofanana ndi kusiyana pakati pa ma paradigms osiyanasiyana (2019)
210. Kupanikizika kwa Machitidwe a Kusokonezeka Kwambiri ndi Kusankha Kuchita Omwe Amagwiritsira Ntchito Zambiri Zambiri za Mowa ndi Masewera a Pakompyuta a pa Intaneti (2019)
211. Hypometabolism ndi kusintha kwa kagwiritsidwe kachakudya kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti ndi matenda osokoneza bongo (2019)
212. Kuzindikira ndi Kuganizira Zokhudzana ndi Kusokoneza Magulu: Zokhudzana ndi Matenda Okhudza Matenda ndi Matenda a Edzi (2019)
213. Kuwonongeka kwa chidwi mosasamala komanso kuwongolera panthawi ya anti-saccade ntchito kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a pa intaneti: Kafukufuku wotsatira kwa diso (2019)
214. Kulimbana kwa maladaptive neurovisceral kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a pa intaneti: Kafukufuku wa kusintha kwamitima yamtima komanso kulumikizana kwantchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira yama graph (2019)
215. Kuzolowera kuzindikira kwamphamvu ndikuwongolera mphoto kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a pa intaneti (2019)
216. Kupumula-State fMRI Kafukufuku wa ADHD ndi Kusokoneza Masewera pa intaneti (2019)
217. Ntchito Yoyendetsedwa ndi Theta Patsogolo Pa Nthawi Yosewera Masewera Achinyamata Achinyamata Omwe Ali Ndi Masewera Osewera Paintaneti (2019)
218. Chibale pakati pa Masewera Olumikizana pa intaneti ndi Depression Syndrome ndi Dopamine Transporter Mkhalidwe mu Online Games Player (2019)
219. Zochitika muubongo zosinthika zomwe zimagwirizananso ndi cue panthawi yopumira mokakamizidwa pamasewera omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a pa intaneti (2019)
220. Kusuta kwawukadaulo kumathandizira kutengapo gawo pa vuto la masewera a pa intaneti: Ntchito, morphology ndi kulumikizana kogwira mtima (2019)
221. Kafukufuku woyambirira wa osokoneza makina ogwiritsa ntchito mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la masewera a pa intaneti: Umboni kuchokera poyerekeza ndi ogwiritsa masewera olimbitsa thupi (2019)
222. Kusintha kochita neural ndikusintha kolumikizika kwa cortical-subcortical komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchira ku vuto la masewera a pa intaneti (2019)
223. Dorsal striatal functional connecction changes in Internet masewera asayansi: Kafukufuku wamalingaliro wautali wa maginito (wa 2019)
224. Masinthidwe aubongo mwa anyamata achichepere omwe adachita masewera a kanema (2020)
225. Mavidiyo a Masewera avidiyo ndi Mayiko Akutulutsa Maganizo: Kusokoneza Kotheka Pakati Pa Kusangalala ndi Chimwemwe? (2020)
226. Kodi kukonzanso ndalama kumasinthidwa mwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo? Zopezeka ku vuto la masewera a intaneti (2020)
227. Zosintha ku Amygdala Connecaction mu Internet Addiction Disorder (2020)

Gawo Lachitatu: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti / Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zojambula Zogwiritsa Ntchito Kuwonetsera Zomwe Zimayendera:

Kafukufuku wochokera pamndandanda womwe uli pamwambapa adatsata omwe adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pochira. Onse adanenanso zakusintha kwa zina zama bio-marker & zizindikiro:

1. Zotsatira za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa magetsi kuphatikizapo kugwirizanitsa maganizo ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi zomwe zimachitika P300 ndi kusalongosoka kosayenera kwa odwala okhala ndi intaneti (2012)
2. Kugwirizana kwa ubongo wolakalaka masewera a pa Intaneti pansi pa chidziwitso mu nkhani zomwe zimakhala ndi zovuta zogwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti ndi zosiyidwa. (2011)
3. Kusintha kwa P300 ndi malingaliro a khalidwe la chidziwitso pazochitika ndi matenda osokoneza bongo pa intaneti: Kuphunzira kwotsatira kwa mwezi wa 3 (2011)
4. Zovuta zenizeni zochiza matenda a masewera a intaneti (2014)
5. Zotsatira za chilakolako cholowererapo pazithunzithunzi za neural zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chilakolako cha matenda a masewera a intaneti (2016)
6. Kusintha kwa umoyo wa moyo ndi chidziwitso ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusewera pa intaneti: Kutsata kwa mwezi wa 6 (2016)
7. Zotsatira za ma electro-acupuncture kuphatikizapo maganizo okhudza zizindikiro za m'maganizo ndi P50 ya zowonongeka zowonongeka kwa odwala okhala ndi intaneti kudwala matenda (2017)
8. Zotsatira za Facebook: Kusiya Facebook Kufika Kumipamwamba ya Umoyo (2016)
9. Chithandizo cha electro-acupuncture for addiction internet: Umboni wa kuimika matenda osokoneza maganizo m'zaka zachinyamata (2017)
10. Ntchito Yotsalira Mipikisano ya Prefrontal-Striatal mu Kusewera kwa Masewera a Intaneti: Kusintha ndi Kukhala ndi Maganizo Odziŵa Zopangira Chithandizo ndi Zomwe Zidzakhala Zokhudza Kuchiza Mankhwala (2018)
11. Kusintha kwachindunji kwachindunji pamakono ochita masewera a pa Intaneti: Kufufuza komwe kungatheke (2018)
12. Kuyankha kwa ubongo pa nthawi yopanikizidwa kunganeneratu kuti chidziwitso chidzachitike pa vuto la kusewera kwa intaneti: Kuphunzira kwa nthawi yaitali (2019)
13. Kupumula-State fMRI Kafukufuku wa ADHD ndi Kusokoneza Masewera pa intaneti (2019)
14. Kusintha kochita neural ndikusintha kolumikizika kwa cortical-subcortical komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchira ku vuto la masewera a pa intaneti (2019)
15. Dorsal striatal functional connecction changes in Internet masewera asayansi: Kafukufuku wamalingaliro wautali wa maginito (wa 2019)

Njira zamakono zimaphatikizapo kuchotseratu zolaula / kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti; kuyesa ogwiritsa ntchito pa nthawi; kuyesa osagwiritsa ntchito atatha kugwiritsa ntchito.

1. Kulankhulana kwa pa Intaneti, kugwiritsira ntchito pa intaneti, komanso maganizo abwino pakati pa achinyamata: Kuphunzira kwa nthawi yaitali. (2008)
2. Zimene Achinyamata Amasonyeza pa Nkhani Zogonana pa Intaneti Nkhani ndi Kukhutira Pagonana: Phunziro Lakale (2009)
3. Mmene Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Intaneti Pachilombo cha Achinyamata (2010)
4. Precursor kapena Sequela: Kusokonezeka kwa Pathological kwa Anthu omwe ali ndi Internet Addiction Disorder (2011)
5. Chikondi Chimene Sichikhalitsa: Zolaula Zogwiritsira Ntchito ndi Kudzipereka Kwambiri kwa Wokondedwa Wanu Wachikondi (2012)
6. Anthu ogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti amagwirizana ndi vuto linalake koma osati khalidwe lopweteka (2013)
7. Kuwonjezereka kwa kuvutika maganizo, chidani, ndi nkhawa pakati pa achinyamata pa intaneti: Achinyamata akuphunzira (2014)
8. Anyamata akunyamata akuyang'ana pa zolaula pa intaneti: Maubwenzi kuti atchule nthawi, kufunafuna, ndi kuphunzitsa maphunziro (2014)
9. Zovuta zachilendo kuchita monga chidziwitso cha matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi chithandizo cha kugonana kwa anyamata (2014)
10. Kugulitsa Pambuyo Panthawi Zokondweretsa: Zithunzi Zolaula Ntchito ndi Kutaya Kupeza (2015)
11. Akuluakulu azaumoyo komanso akatswiri a za yunivesite ku Swansea apeza umboni watsopano wosonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti molakwika kungayambitse matenda a maganizo (2015)
12. Zizoloŵezi za kugonana ndi ziwalo zogonana (2016)
13. Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ogonana? Kubwereza ndi Zipatala zapadera (2016)
14. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti pa Mdima: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti Kwambiri, Kwambiri, Zizindikiro Zopweteka, Kusukulu ndi Kuchita Chidwi pakati pa Achinyamata Oyambirira ndi Ochedwa Adolescents (2016)
15. Kodi Kuonera Zithunzi Zolaula Kumachepetsa Makhalidwe Abanja Panthaŵi? Umboni wochokera ku Longitudinal Data (2016)
16. Mpaka pa Zithunzi Zimatipangitsa Kukhala Mbali? Zotsatira za Zithunzi Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito Kutha kwa Banja, (2016)
17. Kugwira Mtima Kwambiri Kuletsa Kukonza Mavuto Ovuta Kuchita Masewera a pa Intaneti ndi Zopindulitsa (2017)
18. Craving Behaivere Intervention ku Ameliorating College Ophunzira pa Kusokonezeka Kwa Masewera a pa Koleji: Kafukufuku wa Longitudinal (2017)
19. Kusiyanasiyana kwa kusintha kwa thupi kumatsatira kutsata kwa intaneti m'makina apamwamba ndi otsika kwambiri ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti (2017)
20. Kuyanjana kwapakati pa pakati pa intaneti ndi machitidwe okhudzana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana pakati pa a College of Chinese Freshmen: A Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis (2017)
21. Kusokonezeka maganizo, nkhawa, ndi mafilimu omwe amalephera kuphunzila ku yunivesite: Kuphunzira pamtanda (2017)
22. Chiyanjano pakati pa ubwana ndi anthu akuluakulu kusamalidwa bwino matenda a chikhalidwe cha achinyamata a ku Korean omwe ali ndi vuto la intaneti (2017)
23. Ofufuza a ku Montreal akupeza 1st pakati pa maseŵera oseŵera, kutayika kwa imvi mu hippocampus (2017)
24. Kutenga Facebook pamtengo wapatali: chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito chikhalidwe cha anthu kungayambitse matenda a maganizo (2017)
25. Kusokoneza maganizo kosaoneka ngati chiwonetsero cha vuto la masewera a intaneti: kutembenuza umboni wochokera kumalo osakanikirana ndi ojambula (2017)
26. Zotsatira za Mapulogalamu Okhudza Maphunziro a Psychological: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti kwa Achinyamata (2017)
27. Zotsatira zachipatala zamasewera otsegula m'maseŵera achikulire omwe amavutika kwambiri (2018)
28. Kugwirizana pakati pa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwabwino, ndi mavuto, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pazinthu zowonongeka ndi zokhudzana ndi maganizo (2018)
29. Kuipa kwa thupi ndi zotsatira za maganizo pa nthawi yowonekera pa ana ndi achinyamata: Kuwerengera zolemba ndi phunziro (2018)
30. Zomwe Achinyamata Amagwiritsa Ntchito pa Intaneti, Kugwirizana kwa Anthu, ndi Zizindikiro Zowopsya: Kufufuza kuchokera kufukufuku wamtundu wa Longitudinal Cohort (2018)
31. Kuletsedwa kwa Smartphone ndi Mmene Zimakhudzira Kugonjetsedwa Kwambiri Related Scores (2018)
32. Kodi "kuloŵerera kudziletsa" ku maseŵera kumatsogolera ku zolaula? Insight kuchokera ku ngozi ya April 2018 yamaseva a Fortnite (2018)
33. Kodi Masewera a Pakanema Ndi Njira Yotchova Juga? Phunziro Lakale Kwambiri Pogwiritsa Ntchito Woimira Norway Chitsanzo (2018)
34. Maulosi otsogolera pakati pa intaneti ndi zovuta kwambiri pakati pa achinyamata Achi China (2018)
35. Maganizo Ochiza Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti Pavuto (2018)
36. Kuyesera Zochitika Pakati Pakati Pakati pa Intaneti ndi Kuchita Zabwino ku Hong Kong Achinyamata: Kusanthula Kwambiri Pogwiritsa Ntchito Waves Wa Data (2018)
37. Matenda Okhudzidwa ndi Matendawa Oyambirira: Zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana pogonana zimatsanzira vuto la autism spectrum (2018)
38. Sabata Popanda Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mafilimu Athu: Zotsatira Zowonongeka Kwa Pachilengedwe Phunziro Pogwiritsa ntchito mafoni (2018)
39. Powonjezera FOMO: Kulepheretsa Social Media Kuchepetsa Kusungulumwa ndi Kuvutika Maganizo (2018)
40. Phunziro Loyamba Kulimbitsa Thupi la Kukula Kwambiri Pogwiritsa Ntchito Masewera a Masewera a Video, Kugonjetsa, ndi Matenda a Maganizo (2018)
41. Kusachedwa kucheza ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti akuchepetsa kuchepetsa nkhawa, makamaka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri (2018)
42. Msonkhano Wapakati Pakati pa Matenda Okhaokha Odzidzidzimutsa Okhaokha Ndiponso Okalamba Kusamala Kusokonezeka Maganizo: Umboni Wochokera ku Chitsanzo cha Achinyamata Achiku Swiss (2018)
43. Kuchita zofuna zokhudzana ndi chilakolako chofuna kugwiritsira ntchito lentiform panthawi yosungirako maseŵero kumakhudzana ndi kutuluka kwa matenda a masewera a intaneti (2019)
44. Kusokoneza bongo ndi zochitika za kugonana pakati pa akazi a ku Iran: Ntchito yothetsera ubale ndi kuthandizana ndi anthu (2019)
45. Kupuma: Zotsatira za kutenga tchuthi ku Facebook ndi Instagram pa ubwino weniweni (2019)
46. Maubwenzi a Bidirectional a malingaliro amisala ndi chizolowezi cha intaneti mwa ophunzira aku koleji: Kafukufuku woyembekezera (2019)
47. Ubale wobwezera pakati pa kukhumudwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa masewera pa intaneti mwa ana: Kutsatiridwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri ya kafukufuku wa iCURE pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya mtanda (12)
48. Zizindikiro Zodziletsa Pakati pa Ophatikiza Apaintaneti Achimereka a ku America (2020)