Debunking "Kutheni Sisaxhalabele Ngokujonga Ukugqithwa?" (NguMarty Klein, Taylor Kohut, noNicole Prause)

Marty Klein

intshayelelo

Esi sikhokelo sinamacandelo amabini: Icandelo 1 liveza indlela UNicole Prause, UMarty Klein noTaylor Kohut bachaza gwenxa ubungqina babo bodwa ukuze baxhase ubuxoki obusentloko - ukuba "ukubukela iphonografi okunyanzelekileyo" kwakungabandakanywa kwi-ICD-11 entsha "yokunyanzelwa kokuziphatha ngokwesondo". Icandelo 2 libhengeza ukushiya okumangazayo, amabango obuxoki, ukumelwa kakubi kophando, kunye nedatha ekhethwe yicherry elahla inqaku lePrause / Klein / Kohut. (Qaphela: Uninzi lwedatha ekhethwe yicherry kunye nokuchazwa gwenxa kuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona kule 2016 Prause "Ileta eya kumhleli" ethi i-YBOP ichithe ngokupheleleyo i-2 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo: Critique ye: Incwadi kumhleli "Prause et al. (2015) ukutshatyalaliswa kwangoku kwezabelo zokubakhoboka ", 2016.)

Ngoobani abalobi beli nqaku?

Ngaphambi kokuphonononga iinkcukacha ezingezansi, kuya kuba kuhle ukuqwalasela umlomo we-brasi ekhonza inkohliso Slate. Ababhali balo abakhethiyo. I-ajenda yabo ye-porn-projekti iyacaca.

UNicole Prause ngumfundi wangaphambili kunye imbali ende abaphengululi nabangcolileyo, abaphandi, abaphengululi beendaba, abalandeli beendaba, ababukeli beendaba, imibutho emininzi, kunye nabanye abanobuqili bokuvakalisa ubungqina bentlungu evela kwi-intanethi. Ubonakala ngathi iyancwina kakhulu kwiinkampani zoonografi, njengoko kubonakala kulo umfanekiso wakhe (ekunene) kwicala elibomvu le-X-Rated Critics Organization (XRCO). (Ngokutsho kweWikipedia I-XRCO Awards kunikwa nguMelika I-X-Rated Critics Organization rhoqo ngonyaka kubantu abasebenzisa ukuzonwabisa ngokudala kwaye yimivuzo yabantu abadala abadala kuphela abonakaliswe kuphela kwiimveliso zoshishino.[1]).

Kuyavela nokuba uMthendeleko unokuba unawo bafumana abadlali abasebenza porns ngokusebenzisa elinye iqela elinomdla kwimizi-mveliso ye-porn Ulungelelaniso lweNtetho yeNtetho. Izifundo ze-FSC kuthiwa zazisetyenziswa kuye isifundo sokuqesha umpu kwi ngco lisile kwaye Intengiso kakhulu "yokuCamngca ngokuDibeneyo" Iskimu (esikhoyo ngoku iphandwe yi-FBI). Umcule uyenzile amabango angaxhaswanga malunga iziphumo zezifundo zakhe kunye naye iindlela zokufunda. Ukufumana amaxwebhu amaninzi, funda: Ngaba uNicole Prause Uchithezelwa yiShishini lezono?.

Marty Klein wayeziqhayisa ngekhasi lakhe lewebhu kwiHolo yeNkcazo ye-AVN ekuqapheliseni ukunyusa kwakhe ukuziphatha kakubi kweebhonoshi ekuncedeni iimfuno zentengiso yezocwangco (ukususela ekubeni isuswe).

Taylor Kohut ngumphandi waseCanada oshicilela uphando, ngokucwangcisa uphando olunjengeli: "Ngaba Uonografi Ngokwenene 'Ngokwenza Inzondo Kubasetyhini'?"Okuya kubafundi abanokukholelwa ukuba abasebenzisi bezentombazana babenemilinganiselo engalinganiyo yabesifazane (abayi), kwaye "Iimiphumo ezibonwayo zoononografi kubudlelwane bomtshato, "Elinga ukulwa nalo kwizifundo ze-75 Ukubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kunefuthe elibi kubudlelwane. (Nantsi I-Vimeo isingqinisiso echasayo kakhulu izifundo zeKohut kunye nePrause.) ZikaKohut website entsha bakhe uzama ekuxhaseni imali cebisa ukuba abe ne-ajenda nje. Umkhethe kaKohut ubonakaliswe ngokucacileyo kwisishwankathelo esibhalelwe iKomiti eSisigxina yezeMpilo ngokubhekisele kwiMotion 47 (Canada). Ngamafutshane, njengakwiSlate inqaku, uKohut kunye namaqabane akhe babenetyala lokukhetha i-cherry kwizifundo ezimbalwa ezikhethiweyo ngelixa babonisa kakubi imeko yangoku yophando kwiziphumo ze-porn.

ICANDELO 1: Ibango lokukhangela i-ICD-11 ngaphandle kwe "jonga iphonografi" kwisifo "sokunyanzelwa kokuziphatha gwenxa ngokwesondo"

Abachasayo ukuxhatshazwa koononophala bayaxakatheka kuba ingcaciso yakutsha ye-World Health Organic's diagnostic manual, Ulwahlulo lwaMazwe ngamazwe (ICD-11), iqulethe uvavanyo olutsha ilungele ukufumanisa into ebizwa ngokuba 'likhoboka lesini' okanye 'umlutha wesondo'. Kuyabizwa "Ukuxhatshazwa kwezesondo ngokunyanisekileyo"(CSBD). Nangona kunjalo, ngokumangalisayo "Silahlekile, kodwa siphumelele" umkhankaso wepropaganda, abachasayo baye bakhupha zonke izitofu ukuze baphendule le u kulahlwa kokubili "ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini" kunye "nokulutha kwezilonda."

Andonelisekanga yingxelo engeyonyani ebanga ukuba "ukwaliwa ukuba likhoboka," igqala lokulahla iziyobisi ezingamanyala uNicole Prause, uMarty Klein noTaylor Kohut bathathe ubuxoki babo babusa kumanqanaba amatsha kule Julayi 30, 2018 Slate nqaku: "Kutheni sisaxhalabe kangaka ngokubukela iphonografi?"Ngaphandle kokubonelela nabuphi na ubungqina ngaphaya kwezimvo nje, uPrause / Klein / Kohut triumvirate uqinisekisa ukuba i-WHO ishenxise ngokusemthethweni ukubukela iphonografi kuxilongo" lwesifo sokunyanzelwa kwezesondo ".

Ngaphandle kwenkxaso, kunye neengcinga zengqondo, u-Prause / Klein / Kohut uza kusenza sikholwe yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuziphatha ngokwesondo Ukusetyenziswa koonografi okunyanzelekileyo- kuye kwaxutywa kuhlelo olutsha lokuchonga (i-ICD-11) ye-WHO. Ukunyaniseka kwephulo lababhali kubonakala ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, ezinye zezona zibalulekileyo zezi:

  • Kuyabonakala ukuba ulwimi ngokwalo lwe-CSBD ukuxilongwa kusebenza kulabo bajamelana nokunyanzeliswa koonografi. (Bona ngezantsi.)
  • I-CSBD ayichazi (okanye ingabandakanyi) ikhona ethile yesondo.
  • Izifundo ezininzi zokubonisa ukuba ubuncinane i-80% yabantu abaneenkanuko zokuziphatha ngokwesini (ukuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo) kuxhomekeke ekusebenziseni iinthombe zoononophala ze-intanethi.
  • Uninzi lwangoku nje Izifundo ze-50 ze-neuroscience (apho i-WHO ithembele kwisigqibo sayo sokufaka i-CSBD) yenziwe ababukeli bezonografi kwi-intanethi - ngoko kungenangqondo ukubonisa ukuba i-WHO izimisele ukukhuphela ngaphandle ukujonga iifografi kodwa ukulibala ukuyichaza.

Ngaphambi kokuba sifike kuvavanyo olunzulu lwamagqabantshintshi, masicacise: Akukho sibhengezo okanye ukuqondwa okungacacanga kulo naluphi na uncwadi lwe-WHO olunokuthi lutolikwe njengabasebenzisi bamanyala. Ngokufanayo, akukho sithethi se-WHO sakha sachaza ukuba isifo se-CSBD asibandakanyi ukusetyenziswa kwamanyala. Nantsi Ukuxilongwa kwe-CSBD ngokupheleleyo ithathwe ngqo kwi-ICD-11 yencwadi:

Isidima sokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesini siphawuleka ngephethini eqhubekayo yokungakwazi ukulawula okukhulu, ukuphindaphinda kwezesondo ngokwesondo okanye ukubongoza okuphindaphindiweyo kwezesondo. Iimpawu zinokubandakanya ukuphindaphindiweyo kwezesondo ukuba yinto ephambili ebomini bomntu ukuya kwinqanaba lokungahoyi impilo kunye nokukhathalela umntu okanye ezinye izinto, imisebenzi kunye noxanduva; Iinzame ezininzi ezingaphumelelanga zokunciphisa kakhulu impinda yokuziphatha ngokwesondo; kwaye uqhubeke ngokuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo ngokwesondo ngaphandle kweziphumo ezibi okanye ufumana ukwaneliseka okuncinci okanye ungonelisi kuyo.

Le ndlela ukusilela ukulawula, iminqweno olukhulu ngokwesini okanye iminqweno kunye nomphumela ukuziphatha ngokwesondo eyodwa, athe wabonakala phezu ixesha elide (umzekelo, iinyanga ezi-6 okanye nangaphezulu), yaye kubangela iphawulwe ukubandezeleka okanye ukuncipha ebalulekileyo lobuqu, usapho, zentlalo, zemfundo, Umsebenzi, okanye ezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo ezisebenzayo. Uxinzelelo olunxulumene ngokupheleleyo nokugwetywa ngokuziphatha kunye nokungavumi malunga nesifiso sokuziphatha ngokwesondo, iminqweno, okanye isimilo ayanele ukufezekisa le mfuno.

Ngaba ubona nantoni na ngokuphathelele ukungabonakali kwezolonografi? Kuthiwani ngokungabandakanyi ukuhenyuza ubufebe? Ingaba kukho nawuphi na umsebenzi wokuziphatha ngokwesondo ongabandakanywa? Akunjalongo noko. I-Prause / Klein / i-Kohut inqaku alikhankanyi nxibelelwano olusemthethweni lwe-WHO, kwaye icatshulwa ngabathethi be-WHO okanye ilungu leqela lokusebenza. Eli nqaku alikho ngaphezu kwepropaganda efunyenwe neengcaphephe zezifundo ezikhethiweyo ezingabonakaliyo okanye kungekhona ukuba zibonakala ziphi. (Ngaphezulu ngaphantsi.)

Ukuba unakho ukungathandabuzeki ngohlobo lwangempela lwepampu ye-Prause / Klein / Kohut, ufunde ngokucophelela Inqaku elinoxanduva malunga neengxaki zokuziphatha ngokwesondo (CSBD). Ngokungafani nabo Slate inqaku, eli nqaku le-27 kaJulayi 2018 kwi "SELF”Iya ngqo kumthombo. Icaphula isithethi esisemthethweni se-WHO uChristian Lindmeier. ULindmeier ngomnye wamagosa amane kuphela abathethi be-WHO abadweliswe kweli phepha: Iinkcukacha zonxibelelwano kwi-WHO - kunye nomlomo we-WHO kuphela ophawula ngokucacileyo nge-CSBD! I SELF Inqaku liphinde lathintana noShane Kraus, owayephakathi kweCD-11 ye-ICB-XNUMX ye-Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD). Ingcaphuno neengcaphuno zeLindmeir zicaca ukuba i-WHO ayizange ilahle "umlutha wesondo":

Ngokubhekiselele kwi-CSBD, inqaku elikhulu lokubambisana kukuba ingaba ingxaki leyo ayifanele ihlulwe njengobunzima. "Kukhona ingxoxo esaziwayo yenzululwazi malunga nokuba ingxaki yokuziphatha ngokwezesondo iyanqwenela ukubonakalisa umlutha wokuziphatha," Okhulumela i-WHO u-Christian Lindmeier utshela i-SELF. "Ngubani ongayisebenzisi ixesha lokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo ngenxa yokuba asiyi kuthatha isikhundla malunga nokuba ngaba ngumzimba wokuba umlutha okanye ayikho."

Umdumiso / uKlein / uKohut uthetha kakubi omnye kunye neqhekeza kuphela "okuthiwa" ubungqina "

Kulo mhlathi ulandelayo uPrause / Klein / Kohut ulahlekisa umfundi malunga "nokulutha" kwiincwadana zokuqonda isifo kwaye axoke malunga nobunye babo "ubungqina" bokusebenzisa iphonografi ngaphandle kwe-ICD-11 CSBD diagnostic:

Siyazijwayele xa kutshatyalaliswa ukuba intatheli zifunde ukuba "umlutha woonografi" ngokwenene awuqatshelwa yiphina incwadana yesizwe okanye yehlabathi. Ngokupapashwa kwe-International Classification of Diseases (i-11) ngoJuni, I-World Health Organisation yabuye yagqiba isigqibo sokuba singaboni ukubukela ifilimu njengengxaki. "Ukubonwa koonografi" kwakucatshangelwa ukuba kufakwe "usetyenziso lwe-Intanethi ngxaki", kodwa i-WHO yanquma ngokumelene nokufakwa kwayo ngenxa yokungabikho kobubungqina obukhoyo bele disorder. ("Ngokusekelwe kwimiqulu ekhoyo engoku, oko kuya kubonakala kungekudala ukuyifaka kwi-ICD-11," umbutho wabhala.) Umgangatho oqhelekileyo waseMerika, iSiagnostic and Statistical Manual, wenza isinqumo esifanayo kwinguqu yabo yakutsha ngokunjalo ; akukho naluhlu lwezilonda zoononophelo kwi-DSM-5.

Okokuqala, nokuba i-ICD-11 okanye iDVDM-5 ye-APA ayikaze isebenzise igama elithi "iziyobisi" ukuchaza iziyobisi- nokuba kungokungcakaza, ukulutha i-heroin, likhoboka lomdiza, okanye uyiligama. Zombini ezi ncwadi zokuqonda zilumkisa zisebenzisa igama elithi “ukuphazamiseka” endaweni yokuthi “umlutha” (okt “ukungcakaza”, “ukungasebenzi kakuhle”, njl. Njl. Njl.). Yiyo loo nto, “isini likhoboka"Kunye" noonwabo umlutha " ayinakuze yatshitshiswa, ngenxa yokuba babengakhange baqwalaselwe ngokusemthethweni kwiincwadi ezinkulu zokuxilonga. Kulula nje, akusayi kuze kubekho "utywala obunobunono bobugqwetha" ukuxilongwa, nje ngokuba akuyi kuze kubekho "umlutha". Nangona kunjalo abantu abaneempawu kunye neempawu ezihambelana naso "utywala obunobunono bobulili" okanye "umlutha we-methamphetamine" unokuthi ufumane i-ICD-11 amalungiselelo.

Okwesibini, ikhonkco lababhali liya kwiphepha le-2014 nguJon Grant, Iziphazamiso zokulawula iimpembelelo kunye "nezilingo zokuziphatha" kwi-ICD-11 (2014). Phambi kokuba ndibhence ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwexesha elide kukaNicole Prause kwiphepha elidlulileyo likaJon Grant, nazi iinyaniso ezingenakuphikwa:

(1) Iphepha le-Jon Grant lingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-4. Enyanisweni, i-39 yezifundo ze-45 ze-neurological kwizifundo ze-CSB zidweliswe kweli phepha za papashwa ukususela ngoku Iphepha le-2014 Jon Grant.

(2) Kuphela ziisenti ezimbini zikaGrant, kwaye ayililo iphepha elisemthethweni loMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi okanye iqela lomsebenzi le-CSBD.

(3) Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, akuthi naphasi kwiphepha lithetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa koonografi kufuneka kukhutshwe kwi-CSBD. Enyanisweni, u-Grant uthi okuchaseneyo: Iifography zisebenzisa kwi-intanethi is ifom ye-CSB! Igama "iphonografi" lisetyenziswa kube kanye ephepheni kwaye nantsi into uGrant ayithethayo ngayo:

Ingxabano yesithathu engundoqo kwintsimi kukuba ingaba i-Intanethi isebenzise ingxaki yokuzimela. Iqela eliSebenzayo liqaphele ukuba le yimeko ehambelanayo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi kungabonakalisa inkqubo yokunikezela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula ukungasebenzi (umz. ukujonga uonografi). Kubaluleke kakhulu, iinkcazo zeengcakazo zokugembula kunye nezo ingxaki yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kufuneka uqaphele oko ukuziphatha okunjalo kubonakala ngokugqithiseleyo ngokusebenzisa iifom ye-Intanethi, mhlawumbi ukongeza kwizicwangciso zendabuko, okanye kuphela 22, 23.

Kulapho unakho, u-Prause / Klein / Kohut wachaza ngokugqithisileyo inqaku elilodwa "lobubungqina" abanokumxela (ukujonga Slate?).

Nangona kunjalo, ukuchazwa kakubi kwephepha le-2014 yeGrant, ngu Prause, kuye kwenzeka okungenani ngonyaka. Udumo ludale umfanekiso olandelayo, oye wadluliselwa ngeenxa zonke ii-akhawunti zeendaba zosasazo ze-pro-porn. Yifoto-skrini ebonisiweyo yomhlathi kaJon Grant endiwuchaze apha ngasentla. Ukubala kuTwitter-okubangelwa kukunikwa ingqalelo okufutshane, abaxhasi bepropaganda balindele ukuba ufunde kuphela okubhalwe kwiibhokisi ezibomvu, ngethemba lokuba awuzukuyijonga le nto umhlathi ngokoqobo ithi:

Klein

Ukuba wawa ngenxa yokungafihleki kwebhokisi ebomvu, uyaphula kakubi le ngcaciso apha ngentla apha:

... uonografi ubukela ... engathandabuzekiyo ukuba kukho ubungqina bokwenzululwazi okwaneleyo ngeli xesha ukulungiselela ukufakwa kwayo njengengxaki. Ngokusekelwe kwimizuzu ekhoyo engoku, oko kuya kubonakala kungekudala ukuyifaka kwi-ICD-11.

Ngoku funda lonke umhlathi, kwaye uya kubona ukuba uYon Grant uthetha "Ingxaki yokudlala kwi-Intanethi," hayi zoonografi. Isibonelelo salikholelwa ukuba kwakungabaza ukuba ngaba kukho ubungqina obunokwenzululwazi obaneleyo ngela xesha ukuthethelela ukufakwa kweNgcaciso yeMidlalo kwi-Intanethi njengokuphazamiseka. (Ngelishwa, kwiminyaka emi-4 kamva Ingxaki yokudlala is kwi-ICD-11 kwaye inkxaso yenzululwazi yinto enkulu.)

Ingxabano yesithathu engundoqo kwintsimi kukuba ingaba i-Intanethi isebenzise ingxaki yokuzimela. Iqela eliSebenzayo liqaphele ukuba le yimeko enobungozi, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi kungenokuba yinkqubo yokuhambisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula ukungasebenzi (umz., Ukudlala umdlalo wezilwanyana okanye ukubonwa koonografi). Okubaluleke kakhulu, inkcazo yokugembula kwentsholongwane kunye nesifo sengxaki yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kufuneka uqaphele ukuba iimpawu ezinjalo ziyabonakala ngokugqithiseleyo zisebenzisa iifom ye-intanethi, ngokubhekisele kwizicwangciso zendabuko, okanye ngokukhethekileyo 22,23.

I-DSM-5 ifakiwe Ingxaki yokudlala ye-Intanethi kwicandelo "Imiqathango yokuqhubela phambili isifundo". Nangona kunokubakho ukuziphatha okubalulekileyo ukuqonda, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo unomfanekiso ophezulu kwamanye amazwe 12, akungabaza ukuba ngaba kukho ubungqina obunelululwazi okwangoku ngeli xesha ukufakwa kwayo njengengxaki. Ngokusekelwe kwimizuzu ekhoyo engoku, oko kuya kubonakala kungekudala ukuyifaka kwi-ICD-11.

Ngaphandle kokufunda kuphela iibragi ezibomvu, ingqangi engentla ichaza ukuba uJon Grant ukholelwa ukuba i-intanethi ikhangeleka unako kukuphazamiseka kulawulo lwempembelelo olunokuthi luwele phantsi kwesifo sokudibana "Ukunyanzelwa kokuziphatha gwenxa ngokwesondo" (CSBD). Oku kuchasene ngqo "nokubomvu kwesikwere" kuthunyelwe nge-tweet ngabasasazi.

Yintoni uYon Grant athi emva kwe4 iminyaka kamva? Isibonelelo sasiyibhali-mbambano kulephepha ye-2018 evakalisa (kwaye iyavumelana) nokufakwa kwe-CSBD kwi-ICD-11 ezayo. Inkinga yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kwi-ICD-11. Kwinqaku lesibini lowama-2018, "Ukuziphatha ngokunyanisekileyo ngokwesondo: Indlela engekho nto, "UGrant uthi Ukuziphatha ngokunyanzelekileyo ngokwesondo kukwabizwa ngokuba" likhoboka lesini "okanye" ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini "(ezihlala zisebenza kuncwadi olujongwa ngontanga njengemigaqo efanayo kuyo nayiphi na indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo, kubandakanya nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwe-porn):

Ukuziphatha ngokunyanisekileyo ngokwesondo (CSB), Kwakhona kuthethwa ngokuba ngumlutha wesondo okanye uxhatshazo, ibonakaliswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokuxhalabisa kakhulu ngeengcamango zesondo, izibongozo kunye nokuziphatha okukhathazayo umntu kunye / okanye kubangele ukukhubazeka kwengqondo.

Yiyo lonto abapropagandists abanjengoPrause bafikelela kwiminyaka eyi-4 ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba baphathe kakubi iphepha le-Jon Grant. Iphepha le-2018 lakutsha nje leGrant lithetha kwisivakalisi sokuqala ukuba i-CSB ikwabizwa ngokuba likhoboka lesini okanye isini!

Ukufumana i-akhawunti echanekileyo ye-ICD-11, yabona eli nqaku lwakutshanje nguMbutho woPhuhliso lwezeNtlalo (SASH): "Ukuziphatha ngokunyanisekileyo kwezesondo" kuye kwahlulwa yiNhlangano yezeMpilo yoMhlaba njengengxaki yokugula ngengqondo. Iqala ngo:

Ngaphandle kwamahemuhemu ambalwa alahlekisayo ngokuchaseneyo, ayonyani into yokuba i-WHO iyalile "umlutha we-porn" okanye "umlutha wesini". Ukuziphatha ngokwesondo okunyanzelekileyo kuye kwabizwa ngamagama ahlukeneyo kule minyaka idlulileyo: "Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini", "ukubakho kweziyobisi ezingamanyala", "ukulutha ngokwesondo", "indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo ngaphandle kolawulo" njalo njalo. Kwikhathalogu yayo yamva nje yezifo i-WHO ithatha inyathelo lokuqinisekisa ukuba esi sifo siphantsi ngokuvuma ukuba "kukunyanzelwa ukuba uziphathe kakubi ngokwesondo" (CSBD) njengesigulo sengqondo. Ngokutsho kwengcali ye-WHO uGeoffrey Reed, isifo esitsha se-CSBD "sazisa abantu ukuba" banemeko yokwenene "kwaye banokufuna unyango."

ICANDELO 2: Ukubonakalisa amabango amanga, ukuchazwa kakubi, izifundo ezifunyenwe ngophando, kunye nokushiya

Intsalela ye-Prause / Klein / Kohut inqaku lizinikezele ekukhohliseni umfundi ukuba umlingo wobulili obuyimfesane kwaye intsebenziswano ye-intanethi ye-intanethi ayibangeli iingxaki. Ukongezelela, bathetha ukuba kuphela "ukuziphatha kakubi ngokwesini" kuya kubakho ukubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa koonobumba kunokuvelisa imiphumo emibi. Kule candelo sinika i-Prause / Klein / Kohut echaphazelekayo elandelwa ngokuhlaziywa kwamabango kunye neenkcukacha ezinikezelwe ukuxhasa ibango. Xa kufanelekile sinikeza izifundo ezichasene neziqinisekiso zabo.

Isampulu yezinto ezininzi ezishiyiweyo kwinqaku:

Ngaphambi kokuba sijongane nelinye lamagama amakhulu, kubalulekile ukuveza ukuba nguPrause / Klein / Kohut okhethe ukushiya kwi-magnum opus yabo. Uluhlu lwezifundo luqulathe izicatshulwa ezifanelekileyo kunye nokunxibelelana namaphepha okuqala.

  1. Umlingo woTywala / wesondo? Eli phepha liluhlu Izifundo ze-55 ze-neuroscience (I-MRI, i-FMRI, i-EEG, i-neuropsychological, i-hormonal). Banikela ngenkxaso enamandla kwimodeli yoxilongo njengoko iziphumo zabo zibonakalisa iziphumo zeengqondo ezichazwe kwizifundo zokuxhatshaliswa kweziyobisi.
  2. Iingcamango zangempela zeengcali zoononongo / isondo? Olu luhlu luqulethe 32 Ukuphononongwa koncwadi kwangoku kunye neenkcazo ngenye yezinzulu zenzululwazi kwihlabathi. Yonke inkxaso ngenkxaso yomzobo.
  3. Iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa kunye nokunyuka kwamanqaku angaphezulu? Izifundo ezingaphezu kwe-60 zokubika iziphumo zihambelane nokukhula kwezilwanyana (ukunyamezela), ukuhlala kwimiba yezononophelo, kunye nokukhutshwa kweempawu (zonke iimpawu kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nomlutha).
  4. Iiduna kunye neengxaki zesondo? Olu luhlu luqulethe iikhompyutheni ze-40 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo / ukuxhatshazwa koononophelo kwiingxaki zesondo kunye nokwenyuka kwe-sexually stimulus. The Izifundo zokuqala ze-7 kuluhlu lubonisa bangela, njengabathathi-nxaxheba baqhelise ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kunye nokuphulukisa izifo ezingasinikiyo zesondo.
  5. Imiphumo yeSigxina kwimibutho? Izifundo ezingaphezulu kwe-80 zidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo ukuya kwisini esincinci kunye nolwaneliseko lobuhlobo. Ngokuba sifuna zonke Izifundo ezibandakanya abesilisa ziye zaxela ukusetyenziswa koononophelo olunxulumene nalo zihlwempu zesini okanye ukwaneliseka kobudlelwano.
  6. Ukusetyenziswa koonobumba kunokuchaphazela impilo yengqondo nengqondo? Ngaphezulu kwezifundo ze-85 ezinxibelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn nakwimpilo yengqondo-yeemvakalelo kunye neziphumo ezibi zokuqonda.
  7. Ukusetyenziswa koonobumba kunokuchaphazela iinkolelo, iingcinga kunye nokuziphatha? Hlola uphando lomntu ngamnye Izifundo ze-40 zidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo "kwiingcamango ezingafaniyo" malunga nabasetyhini kunye neengcamango zesondo - okanye isishwankathelo kule mvavanyo-meta ye-2016: Imidiya kunye nokuSondo: I-State of Research Empirical, 1995-2015. Ngcaciso:

Injongo yale ngongoma yayiwukuba kuhlanganiswe uphando lweempawu zokuhlola uphando lwezesondo zoxhatshazo. Ugxininiso lwaluphando olushicilelwe ekuhlaziyweni koontanga, iincwadi zeelwimi zesiNgesi phakathi kwe-1995 kunye ne-2015. Iimpapasho ze-109 eziqulethwe zifundo ze-135 zahlaziywa. Iziphumo zanikezela ubungqina obuqhubekayo bokuthi ukuboniswa kwebhubhoratri kunye nokuhlaliswa rhoqo kwimihla ngemihla kuhambelana ngqo nemiphumo eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa amanqanaba aphezulu ekunganeliseki komzimba, ukuzithemba okukhulu, ukuxhaswa okukhulu kweenkolelo zesini kunye neenkolelo zentlobano zesini, kwaye ukunyamezela okukhulu kobundlobongela ngesondo malunga nabasetyhini. Ngaphezu koko, ukuchazwa kokulinga kwesi siqulatho kubangela ukuba amabhinqa namadoda abe nombono oncitshiswe ngokubhekisele kwiinkalo zabasetyhini, ukuziphatha kunye noluntu.

"Kodwa ayenakho ukuziphatha kakubi kweentlanzi?" Hayi, amazinga okudlwengula ayenyuka kwiminyaka yamuva: "Amanani okudlwengula aya kunyuswa, ngoko ke uyayigxeka inkohlakalo ye-porn-pro. ”Ngaphezulu, yabona Ukuhlawula i-realyourbrainonporn (iphonograresearch.com) "Icandelo loLwaphulo-mthetho ngokwesondo": ngokwenene imeko yophando ngokusetyenziswa kwe-porn kunye nobundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo, ukunyanzela kunye nobundlobongela.

  1. Kuthiwani ngoxhatshazo ngokwesondo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana? Olunye uhlalutyo lweemeta: Uhlalutyo lweMeta ysis lokuHanjiswa ngeSondo kwezeManyala kunye neZenzo eziqinisekileyo zeZesondo kwiZifundo zaBantu eziBanzi (2015). Ngcaciso:

Izifundo ze-22 ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo akwa-7 zahlaziywa. Ukusetyenziswa kwakunxulumene nobudlova ngokwesondo kwi-United States nakumazwe ngamazwe, phakathi kwamadoda kunye nabesifazane, kunye nokufundiswa kwexesha kunye nexesha elide. Amanyano ayomelele ngokuthetha ngaphezu kwesondo, nangona bobabini bebalulekileyo. Umzekelo jikelele weziphumo uphakamise ukuba umxholo onobundlobongela unokuthi ube yinto enzima.

"Kodwa ayenakho ukuziphatha kakubi kweentlanzi?" Hayi, amazinga okudlwengula ayenyuka kwiminyaka yamuva: "Amanani okudlwengula aya kunyuswa, ngoko ke uyayigxeka inkohlakalo ye-porn-pro. " Bona eli phepha Izifundo ezingaphezulu kwe-100 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo, ukunyanzela kunye nobundlobongela kunye nokugxekwa ngokubanzi kwesibhengezo esiphindaphindiweyo sokuba ukubakho kokunyuka kwe-porn kubangele ukwehla kwamanani odlwengulo.

  1. Kuthiwani malunga nokusetyenziswa koonwabo kunye nentsha? Khangela olu uluhlu izifundo ze-280 eziselula, okanye oku kuhlolwa kweencwadi: uhlaziyo # # 1, hlaziya2, uhlaziyo # # 3, uhlaziyo # # 4, uhlaziyo # # 5, uhlaziyo # # 6, uhlaziyo # # 7, uhlaziyo # # 8, uhlaziyo # # 9, uhlaziyo # # 10, uhlaziyo # # 11, uhlaziyo # # 12, uhlaziyo # # 13, uhlaziyo # # 14, uhlaziyo # # 15. Ukususela kwisiphelo sesiphumo se-2012 yophando - Impembelelo ye-intanethi ye-Internet kwi-Adolescents: Ukuphononongwa koPhando:

Ukwandisa ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi ngabaselula baye badala amathuba angakaze afikelele kwimfundo yesondo, ukufunda nokukhula. Ngokwahlukileyo, umngcipheko wengozi obonakalayo kwincwadi iye yabangela abaphandi ukuba baphenye ukutshatyalaliswa kwentombazana engamanyala kwi-intanethi ngokuzama ukuluhluza ukulwa. Ngokuhlangeneyo, ezi zifundo zibonisa Olo lutsha lisebenzisa imifanekiso engamanyala lunokukhulisa imilinganiselo yokuziphatha ngokwesini kunye neenkolelo. Phakathi kweziphumo, amanqanaba aphezulu okuziphatha okuvumelekileyo ngokwesondo, ukuxhalaba ngokwesondo, kunye nokuvavanywa kwangaphambili kwezesondo kuye kwahambelana nokusetyenziswa rhoqo koonografi ... Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo ezingaguqukiyo ziye zavela ezinxibelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kolutsha ngemifanekiso engamanyala ebonisa ubundlobongela kunye nokunyuka kwamazinga okuziphatha ngokwesondo.

Uncwadi lubonisa unxibelelwano phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwabantwana abakwishumi elivisayo kwimifanekiso engamanyala kunye nokuzazi. Amantombazana axela ukuba azive ephantsi ngokwasetyhini abajongayo kwimifanekiso engamanyala, ngelixa abafana boyika ukuba bangangabinayo intsholongwane okanye bangakwazi ukwenza njengamadoda kwezi media. Abafikisayo baxele ukuba ukusebenzisa kwabo iphonografi kunciphile njengoko ukuzithemba kwabo kunye nophuhliso lwentlalo lukhula. Ukongeza, uphando lubonisa ukuba abakwishumi elivisayo abasebenzisa iphonografi, ngakumbi leyo ifumaneka kwi-Intanethi, banamanqanaba asezantsi okudityaniswa kwezentlalo, inyuka kwiingxaki zokuziphatha, amanqanaba aphezulu ekuziphatheni okunxaxhileyo, imeko ephezulu yokubonakalisa uxinzelelo, kunye nokunciphisa ukubondana ngokweemvakalelo nabanonopheli.

Udumo, uLey noKlein baye babonisa kakubi imeko yangoku yophando kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo. Ngoku, bakulungele konke okuhlanganisiweyo, izifundo ezikhethiweyo zecherry abazicaphula rhoqo kweli nqaku. Sityhila inyani engezantsi. Amagqabantshintshi ePrause / Klein / Kohut adweliswe apha alandelelana ngokufanayo kwinqaku.

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I-EXXERPT #1: Phinda emveni kwam: "I-DSM-5 okanye i-ICD-11 ayamkeli naluphi na uhlobo lweziyobisi, kuphela kukuphazamiseka"

XETHA I-EXCERPT: "Siqhele ukothuka xa iintatheli zisiva ukuba" ukubukela iphonografi "akwamkelekanga nakweliphi na ilizwe okanye ilizwe."

Ndizamile ukuzama ukukhohlisa abafundi, kodwa, kwakhona, nokuba i-ICD-11 okanye i-APA's DSM-5 ayikhe isebenzise igama elithi “likhoboka” ukuchaza umlutha- nokuba kukungcakaza, ukuba likhoboka le-heroin, ukutshaya icuba okanye ubiza igama. Zombini iincwadi zokuxilonga zisebenzisa igama elithi "ukuphazamiseka" endaweni yegama elithi "umlutha" (okt "ukungcakaza ukungcakaza" "ingxaki yokusebenzisa inikotini", njalo njalo). Ngenxa yoko, “isini likhoboka"Kunye" noonwabo umlutha " ayinakuze yatshitshiswa, ngenxa yokuba babengakhange baqwalaselwe ngokusemthethweni kwiincwadana eziphambili zokuqonda isifo. Ngokucacileyo, akusayi kuze kubekho ukuxilongwa "kweziyobisi ezingamanyala", nanjengoko kungasayi kubakho ukuxilongwa kwe "meth addiction". Ukanti abantu abaneempawu kunye neempawu zokungahambelani nokuba "likhoboka lamanyala" okanye "imethamphetamine yokulutha" banokuchongwa besebenzisa amalungiselelo e-ICD-11.

Ngokuqaphela izilingo zokuziphatha nokudala ukuxilongwa kwe-umbrella ziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo, i-World Health Organisation iya kulungelelaniswa nayo I-American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM). Ngo-Agasti, i-2011 America yeengcali ezigqithiseleyo zokuxilisa i-ASAM zazikhupha zazo inkcazo yokutshatyalaliswa komlutha. Isuka e ASAM:

Inkcazo entsha ibangelwe yinkqubo enzulu, yeminyaka emine kunye neengcali ezingaphezu kwe-80 ezisebenza ngokukuko, kubandakanya nabasemagunyeni abaphezulu kwezonyango, oogqirha bezonyango kunye nezifundo eziphambili ze-neuroscience kwilizwe liphela. … Amashumi amabini eminyaka okuqhubela phambili kwinzululwazi ye-neurosciology aqinisekisa i-ASAM ukuba umlutha kufuneka uchazwe ngokutsha ngokwenzeka kwingqondo.

An Umkhulumeli we-ASAM wachaza:

Inkcazo entsha ishiya ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo ukuba zonke iziyobisi-nokuba kungotywala, i-heroin okanye isini, zithi-ziyafana ngokufanayo. Ugqirha Raju Haleja, owayesakuba ngumongameli we-Canadian Society for Addiction Medicine kunye nosihlalo wekomiti ye-ASAM eyila inkcazo entsha, uxelele i-The Fix, “Sijonge ukuba likhoboka njengesifo esinye, ngokuchaseneyo nabo bababona njengabahlukileyo izifo. Iziyobisi likhoboka. Ayinamsebenzi into yokuba ingqondo yakho ibheka ngaphi, ukuba nje itshintshile, usengozini yokufumana lonke utywala. ” … Ukwabelana ngesondo okanye ukungcakaza okanye ukukhobokisa ekutyeni [konke] kuyasebenza njengokunyanga utywala okanye iheroin okanye ikristal meth.

Kuzo zonke iinjongo ezisebenzayo, inkcazo ka-2011 iphelisa ingxoxo malunga nokuba isini kunye neziyobisi ezingamanyala “izilingo zangempela. ” I-ASAM ichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba izilingo zokuziphatha ngokwesondo kwaye kufuneka ukuba ibangelwe nguqulelo olufanayo oluyisiseko olufumaneka kwizilwanyana ezinobungozi. Ukususela kwi-ASAM FAQs:

UMBUZO: Le ncazelo entsha yokukhwela umlutha ibhekisela kumlutha wokubandakanya ukugembula, ukutya, kunye nokuziphatha ngokwesini. Ngaba i-ASAM ikholelwa ngokwenene ukuba ukutya kunye nesondo kuyingozi?

IMPENDULO: Inkcazo entsha ye-ASAM yenza ukumka ekulinganiseni iziyobisi kunye nokuxhomekeka kwento, ngokuchaza indlela umlutha ohambelana ngayo nokuziphatha okunomvuzo. … Le nkcazo ithi umlutha umalunga nokusebenza kunye nokujikeleza kwengqondo kunye nendlela isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo yabantu abanomlutha eyahlukileyo kulwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kweengqondo zabantu abangenabukhoboka. … Ukutya kunye nokuziphatha ngokwezesondo kunye nokuziphatha ngcakazo kuya kuhambelana 'nokuphishekelelwa kwemiphumo' echazwe kule nkcazelo entsha yokulutha.

Ngokubhekiselele kwi-DSM, i-American Psychiatric Association (APA) sele idibanise iinyawo zayo ngokubandakanya ukuziphatha kakubi kwezesondo kwincwadi yayo yokuxilonga. Xa kugqiba ukuhlaziywa kwinqununu kwi-2013 (DSM-5), akuzange ihlolisise ngokoqobo "inxilongwane ye-intanethi ye-intanethi," kunokukhetha ukuxubusha "ingxaki yokuxhatshazwa ngokobuxhakaxhaka." Ixesha elidlulileyo lokuxhatshazwa kwezesondo lucetyiswa ukuba lifakwe yiqela le-DSM-5 yoBucala loBucala emva kweminyaka yokuhlaziywa. Nangona kunjalo, kwiseshoni yeshumi elinanye "ikamelo leenkwenkwezi" kwiseshoni (ngokubhekiselele kwilungu leQela loMsebenzi), ezinye i-DSM-5 zamagosa zinqatshelwe i-hypersexual, kucacisa izizathu ezichazwe ngokungenangqiqo.

Ukufikelela kwesi sikhundla, i-DSM-5 ingayithobeli ubungqina obusemthethweni, iingxelo eziqhelekileyo zeempawu, iimpawu kunye neempawu ezihambelana nokunyanzeliswa kunye nomlutha kwabagulayo kunye nabakliniki babo, kunye nokucebisa ngokusemthethweni amawaka eengcali zonyango kunye nophando kwi-American Society of Addiction Mayeza.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-DSM izuze abagxeki abaziwayo abaphikisana nendlela yokunyanzelisa i-physiology kunye neengcali zezokwelapha ukuze zifumane ukuxilongwa kwayo kuphela kwiimpawu. Olu hlobo lugunyazisa izigqibo eziphambeneyo, zezopolitiko ezichasayo inyaniso. Ngokomzekelo, i-DSM ibe isahlukanise ngokungafanelekileyo ubungqingili njengengxaki yengqondo.

Ngaphambi kokushicilelwa kwe-DSM-5 kwi-2013, uThomas Insel, ngoko uMlawuli weZiko leSizwe lezeMpilo yengqondo, Wacetyisa ukuba kwakuyisihlandlo sempilo yengqondo ukuyeka ukuthembela kwi-DSM. Its "ubuthathaka ukungabikho kokusebenza, ”Watsho, kwaye"asinakuphumelela ukuba sisebenzisa iindidi zeDSM njenge- “standard yegolide.Wongeze wathi, "Yingakho i-NIMH iza kuphinda iphinde iqhube uphando lwalo uphando kwi-DSMs. ” Ngamanye amagama, i-NIMH iyayeka uphando ngezimali ngokusekwe kwiilebheli zeDSM (kunye nokungabikho kwazo).

Kuya kuba mnandi ukubona oko kwenzekayo kunye nohlaziyo olulandelayo lwe-DSM. (Qaphela: i-DSM-5 yenze isigaba sokulutha komzimba)

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I-EXXERPT #2: Iinyembezi zeengwenya

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Izazinzulu kunye neekliniki ezibonisa ubungqina bokuba zicelomngeni ezi ndaba ezijoliswe kukulimala-kwaye siziba phakathi kweqela-sibambene nenkcaso enkulu yezopolitiko nophando lwezopolitiko kulo uphando. Ingaba nzima ngenxa yolu lwazi ukukwenza kuluntu.

Aba balobi bafaka intsimbi ekhuselana ne-porn-advocate "abajongene nokuchasana nokuhlaselwa kwezopolitiko kwiphando yabo" kwaye "ingaba lukhuni kule nkcazelo ukuba yenze ebantwini." Akunjalo. Enyanisweni, abaxeli be-porn-properson kakhulu omelelekileyo kumaphephandaba, kwaye baye benza okungakumbi, ngokuphindaphindiweyo emva kweembononongo, ukunqanda ubungqina obunxamnye neempatho zoononophelo kwiincwadi zombini ezidumile kunye nezifundo. (Iimizekelo)

Ukuqikelela, aba bhali bangeke banike ubungqina beengxaki zabo zentlalo nezopolitiko. Amanqaku ambalwa aya kukhonza ukutyhila imeko yinyani.

A Ukukhangela kuGoogle ngo "Nicole Prause" + iphonografi ibuyisa iziphumo eziyi-16,600 kwiminyaka embalwa nje. Umdumo wamandla osasazo we-Prause uquka iikowuti ze-pro-porn / anti-porn iziyobisi kwezinye zezona ndawo zidumileyo, kubandakanya I-Slate, i-Daily Beast, i-Atlantic, i-Rolling Stone, i-CNN, iNPR, i-Vice, i-Sunday Times, kunye neendawo ezincinci ezingenakubalwa. Ngokucacileyo uPrause ufumana oko akuhlawulelayo kwifemu yakhe ecwebezelayo yobudlelwane boluntu. Jonga ku-https://web.archive.org/web/20221006103520/http://media2x3.com/category/nikky-prause/

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umlingane osondeleyo kaPrause uDavid Ley ufumana unyango olufanayo, olunobubele. A Ukukhangela kweGoogle "uDavid Ley" + uonografi ubuyisela iziphumo ze-18,000 - ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba wabhala incwadi enegunya Inkolelo yeTyala loSondo (ngaphandle kokuba ufunde ukutshabalala ngokujulile). A Uphendlo lukaGoogle "Marty Klein" + iphonografi ubuyisela iziphumo ze-41,500 kwiminyaka emininzi.

Akunjalo nje kuphela ukuba iindawo eziqhelekileyo zibonisa izimbono zababhali be-3, zibuye zamukele ezi ntetho zengxoxo kwixabiso- ziphumo. Ezi ziquka uMarc Potenza, uMatthias Brand, uValerie Voon, uChristian Laier, uSimone Kühn, uJürgen Gallinat, uRudolf Stark, uTim Klucken, uJi-Woo Seok, uJin-Hun Sohn, uMateusz Gola nabanye.

Nantsi isilinganisi sesampula. A Uphendlo lukaGoogle "Matthias Brand" + iphonografi ibuyisela kuphela iziphumo ezingama-2,200. Ukungangqinelani phakathi kokugubungela i-Brand yezemfundo ebalaseleyo kunye nabangengabo abafundisi-ntsapho abaNtu, uLey noKlein bayakutyhila. I-Brand ibhale ngaphezulu Izifundo ze-340, intloko yeSebe leengqondo: UkuCognition, kwiYunivesithi yaseDuisburg-Essen, kwaye ushicilele izifundo ezingakumbi nge-neuroscience ezixhomekeke kwizilwanyana ezingamanyala ngaphaya kwanoma yimuphi umphandi emhlabeni. (Jonga uluhlu lwakhe lwezifundo zokuxhatshazwa kocwangco apha: Ucwaningo lwe-20 neurological kunye neengxelo ze-4 zoncwadi.)

Ngokucacileyo, ngaba ngabaphandi abaphambili bezemfundo abacaluliweyo kumaphephandaba. Ngenxa yoko, abafundi bayacetyiswa ukuba bathathe le nkcazo yabalobi be-pornography malunga nobunzima abajongene nabo ekuvakaliseni iimboniselo zabo zobugqwetha ngezinga elifanelekileyo lokungathemba. Iindaba zeendaba kufuneka zenze uxanduva olunzulu, ngaphantsi zikhethile Ukunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo kule ntsimi ephosakeleyo, ephuhliweyo.

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I-EXXERPT #3: Ibhokisi yeposi playboy Umbhali wabasebenzi unayo yonke into?

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Baxelelwa ukuba kukho ubhubhane lwe-erectile dysfunction ezivela kumajoni kunye nokuba i-pornography iyona nto (nangona ubungqina boqobo bubonisa ukuba akukho).

I-Prause / Klein / Kohut izame ukungazivumelisi ukukhupha kakuhle ukunyuka kokunyanzeliswa kwe-erectile yolutsha kunye nale Ngo-Apreli, iposi ye-blog ye-2018 nguJustin Lehmiller, umrhumo ohlawula rhoqo Playboy Magazine. Akumele kumangalise nabani na ukuba uLehmiller ungumhlobo osondeleyo woMnquba, evelele kuye ubuncinane ubuncinane kwiimbalo zakhe zeblogi. Ezi kunye nezinye ezininzi iibhloko zeLehmiller ziqhubela phambili iingxelo ezifanayo zobuxoki: Ukusetyenziswa koonobumba akubangeli iingxaki kunye nokuxhatshazwa koononophala / ukuxhatshazwa kwezesondo ngoxinzelelo. Ngaphambi kokuba sijongane nobunzima besandla sikaLehmiller ngokubhekisele ekungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo, masiqwalasele ubungqina.

Iingxelo ze-ED zembali: I-Erectile dysfunction yahlolwa kuqala kwi-1940 xa Ingxelo yeKinsey iphelile ukuba ukusabalala kwe-ED kwakukho ngaphantsi kwe1% kumadoda amancinane kuneminyaka eyi-30, ngaphantsi kwe3% kule 30-45. Nangona uphando lwe-ED kumadoda amancinci lucacile, le 2002 uhlalutyo lweemeta lwe-6 uphando oluphezulu lwe-ED ingxelo yokuba i-5 ye-6 ibike ama-ED Amanani kubantu abaphantsi kwe-40 malunga 2%. 6th Uvavanyo olulinganisiweyo lwe-7-9%, kodwa umbuzo osetyenziswayo awunakufaniswa nezinye izifundo ze-5, kwaye akazange ahlole engapheliyo i-erectile disysction: "Ngaba unenkathazo yokugcina okanye ukufezekiswa naliphi na ixesha kunyaka odlulileyo? "(Kodwa le sifundo esingathandekiyo yiLehmiller ayisebenzisiyo ngokuthelekisayo.)

Ekupheleni kwe-2006 mahala, indawo ye-tube ye-tube ye-porn ehambayo yafika kwaye yafumana ukuthandwa ngokukhawuleza. Oku utshintshe uhlobo lokusetyenziswa koononophelo olukhulu. Ngethuba lokuqala kwimbali, ababukeli bangakwazi ukukhula ngokulula ngexesha leseshoni yokugcoba ngaphandle kokulinda.

Izifundo ezithoba ukusuka kwi-2010: Izifundo ezilishumi ezipapashwe ukususela ngo-2010 zityhila ukunyuka okukhulu kwimizimba erectile. Yi le zibhalwe kule nqaku kwaye kwiphepha elihlaziywe ngontanga elibandakanya oogqirha be-7 US Navy - Ngaba iinthombe zoononopasho ze-intanethi zibangelwa izidakamizwa zesondo? Ukuphononongwa ngeeNgxelo zeKlinikhi (2016). Kwizifundo ze-10, amazinga e-erectile ukungasebenzi kwamaqela phantsi kwe-40 avela kwi-14% ukuya ku-37%, ngelixa amaxabiso e-libido aphantsi aphuma kwi-16% ukuya ku-37%. Ngaphandle kokufika kwe-porn-streaming (i-2006) ayikho into ehambelana ne-ED yolutsha ishintshile ngokugqithisileyo kwiminyaka yokugqibela ye-10-20 (ukutshaya kwezinga lokutshaya, ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa kuzinzile, ukulinganiswa kwezilwanyana kumadoda 20-40 ku-4% kuphela ukususela kwi-1999 - sibone esi sifundo).

Ukuxhuma kwangoku kwiingxaki zesondo zihambelana nokupapashwa Phantse izifundo ze-40 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kunye "nomlutha we-porn" kwiingxaki zesondo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuvuselela inkanuko yesini.. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba Izifundo zokuqala ze-7 kuluhlu lubonisa bangela, njengabathathi-nxaxheba baqhelise ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kwaye baphilisa izifo ezingasinikiyo zesondo (ngenxa yesizathu esingaqhelekanga Slate nqaku lihlulekile ukukhankanya naziphi na zezi zifundo ze-30). Ukongezelela kwizifundo ezidweliswe, Eli phepha liqulethe amanqaku kunye namavidiyo ngeengcali ze-140 (urology profesors, urologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, sexologists, MDs) abavuma kwaye baphumelele ukuphatha i-porn-induced ED kunye ne-porn-induced loss of sexual desire.

Ukulala kwesandla sikaLehmiller: ULehmiller ukhethe ngokucophelela izifundo ezimbini ezingenakulinganiswa, kunye nedatha ehlukaniswe yiminyaka eyi-18, ngomzamo wokuqinisekisa umfundi ukuba ama-ED amanqanaba ahlala ejikeleze i-8% yamadoda phantsi kwe-40:

1) "Izinto izinto zazifundela" kwi-1992 nguye ocele: "Ngaba unenkathazo yokugcina okanye ukufezekiswa any kunyaka odlulileyo? Imali yeewe kulo mbuzo yayiphakathi kwe-7-9%.

2) "Uphando lwangoku" nolwazi lwe-2010-12 ebuza ukuba Amadoda ayengxaki yokufumana okanye yokugcina ukulungiswa ixesha leenyanga ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu kunyaka odlulileyo. ” Olu phononongo luxele oku kulinganisiweyo kwezi ngxaki zokusebenza ngokwesini kwi-16-21 yamadoda amadala:

  • Inzala engekho ebusini: 10.5%
  • Ubunzima obufikelela kwisiqhamo: 8.3%
  • Ubunzima bokufikelela okanye ukugcina ukulungiswa: i-7.8%

U-Lehmiller "ushwankathele" ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo ngenxa yokungaboni kakuhle njengoko wayezama ukubalahlekisa:

“Nangona ezi nkcukacha zaqokelelwa kumazwe ahlukeneyo aseNtshona kwaye amagama ahlukile, kuyamangalisa ukuba la manani acinga ukuba idatha yaqokelelwa kangangeminyaka engama-20 ngokwahlukana. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba mhlawumbi amazinga e-ED awanyuki phakathi kwabafana. ”

Uxolo u-Justin, kodwa imibuzo ayi “bizwanga ngokwahlukileyo”; yimibuzo eyahluke ngokupheleleyo. Isifundo se-1992 sibuze ukuba ingaba ngaphaya kwekhosi yonyaka odlulileyo kunanoma kukuphi na kunzima ukuyifumana. Oku kubandakanya xa ubunxilile, ugula, ubanjwe nje kathathu ngokulandelelana, uxinzelelo lwentsebenzo olunamava, nantoni na. Ndiyamangaliswa yi-7-9% kuphela. Ngokwahlukileyo, isifundo sango-2010 sibuze ukuba unayo ingxaki eqhubekayo erectile dysfunction ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu: oku kwakungenxa ye-16-21 ubudala ubudala, kungekhona amadoda 39 nangaphantsi!

Njengoko elinye ilungu leqonga lokuchacha laye laqaphela, "uhlalutyo lwezenzululwazi" lukaJustin Lehmiller alunangqondo, kodwa hayi ubuntatheli besayensi.

Kodwa unokubuza: Kutheni amazinga e-ED malunga ne-8% kwi-2010-2012 yophando, kodwa i-14-37% kwezinye izifundo ze-9 ezipapashwe kwi-2010?

  1. Okokuqala, i-8% ayikho low, njengoko oko kuya kuguqulela kwi-600% -800% ukwanda kwamadoda phantsi kwe-40.
  2. Okwesibini, kwakungekho amadoda phantsi kwe-40 - yayingu 16 kwi-21 ubudala ubudala, ngoko nanye kubo kufuneka babe ne-ED engapheliyo. Kwi-1940s, i Ingxelo yeKinsey iphelile ukuba ukusabalala kwe-ED kwakukho ngaphantsi kwe1% kumadoda amancinane kuneminyaka eyi-30.
  3. Okwesithathu, ngokungafaniyo nezinye izifundo ezili-9 eziqeshe uphando olungaziwayo, olu phononongo lusebenzise ubuso ngobuso kudliwanondlebe lwasekhaya. (Kungenzeka ukuba abakwishumi elivisayo bangaphantsi kokuza ngokupheleleyo phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo.)
  4. Uphando luqokelele idatha yalo phakathi kuka-Agasti, i-2010 no-Septemba, i-2012. Izifundo ezibika ukunyuka okukhulu kwe-25 ED kuqala kuvela kwi-2011. Uphando olutshanje olwenziwa kwi-25 kwaye phantsi kwesihlwele libika amazinga aphezulu (bonani oku Ucwaningo lwe-2014 kwiintsana zaseKhanada).
  5. Uninzi lwezifundo ezisebenzisiweyo IIEF-5 okanye i-IIEF-6, ehlola iingxaki zesini kwizinga, ngokuchasene nokulula ewe or hayi (kwiinyanga ezi-3 ezidlulileyo) oqeshwe kwiphepha elikhethiweyo likaLehmiller.

Izifundo ezimbini usebenzisa i-questionnaire efanayo: 2001 vs 2011: Ngaphambi kokushiya esi sihloko, kuya kuba kuhle ukukhangela olunye uphando olungenakutshitshiswa olubonisa ukunyuka okukhulu kwamazinga e-ED ngaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi usebenzisa amasampuli amakhulu kakhulu (oko kunyuka ukunyaniseka). Bonke abantu bavavanywa ngokusebenzisa umbuzo ofanayo (yebo / akukho) malunga ne-ED, njengenxalenye yeSifundo seMhlaba soBuchule kunye nokuziphatha (GSSAB), elawulwa Ama-13,618 amadoda asebenza ngokwesondo kwii-29 kumazwe. Oku kwenzeke kwi-2001-2002.

Kwiminyaka elishumi kamva, ngo-2011, kwaleyo "ngxaki yesini" (ewe / hayi) umbuzo ovela kwi-GSSAB wenziwa Ama-2,737 amadoda asebenza ngokwesondo eKroatia, eNorway nasePortugal. Iqela lokuqala, kwi-2001-2002, liyi ubudala 40-80. Iqela lesibini, kwi-2011, yayingu-40 nangaphantsi.

Ngokusekelwe ekufunyanweni kwezifundo zangaphambili omnye wayeza kuxela ukuba amadoda amadala aya kuba namazinga aphezulu e-ED kunamadoda amancinci, amanqaku awo ayenokungabi nantoni. Ayikho njalo. Kwiminyaka elishumi nje, izinto zatshintshile kakhulu. I Ixabiso le-2001-2002 ED yamadoda 40-80 yayingama-13% e Yurophu. Ngama-2011, amaxabiso e-ED kumaYurophu, aneminyaka eyi-18-40, esuka kwi-14-28%!

Yintoni etshintshileyo kwisini sendoda ngeli xesha? Ewe, utshintsho olukhulu kukungena kwe-intanethi kunye nokufikelela kwiividiyo ezingamanyala (kulandelwa kukufikelela ekusasazeni iphonografi ngo-2006, emva koko ii-smartphones zokujonga). Kwisifundo se-2011 esenziwa ngamaCroatia, amaNorwegi kunye namaPhuthukezi, amaPhuthukezi ayenawona manqanaba asezantsi e-ED kwaye amaNorway ayenawona aphezulu. Ngo-2013, intlawulo yokungena kwi-intanethi IPortugal yayingu-67 kuphela, xa kuthelekiswa ne-95% eNorway.

Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele umbhali UNicole Prause Unayo ubudlelwane obusondeleyo nomzi mveliso we-porn kwaye iphazamisekile kwi-PIED etyhafisayo, ikulindile Imfazwe ye-3 yeminyaka kulephepha lezemfundo, ngelixa ngaxeshanye behlukumeza kwaye bekhulula abafana abachachile kwi-porn-indased dysfunctions. Bona amaxwebhu: Gabe Deem #1, Gabe Deem #2, Alexander Rhodes #1, Alexander Rhodes #2, Alexander Rhodes #3, Icawa kaNowa, Alexander Rhodes #4, Alexander Rhodes #5, Alexander Rhodes #6, Alexander Rhodes #7, Alexander Rhodes #8, Alexander Rhodes #9, Alexander Rhodes # 10, UAlex Rhode # 11, UGabe Deem kunye no-Alex Rhode kunye # 12, Alexander Rhodes # 13, Alexander Rhodes #14, I-Gabe Deem # 4, Alexander Rhodes #15.

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I-EXXERPT #4: Kuthiwani ukuba i-meme ixhaswa ngokusisigxina ngolu hlobo lweencwadi?

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Abantu batyelwa ukuba i-pornography inetyhefu kwimitshato kwaye ukuyijonga iya kutshabalalisa isondo sakho sesondo.

Ukuba abantu baxelelwa oku, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba isifundo ngasinye esibandakanya abesilisa sichaze ukuba ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kuhlanganiswe zihlwempu zesini okanye ukwaneliseka kobudlelwano. Kuzo zonke, Izifundo ezingaphezulu kwe-75 zidibanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kukuncipha kwezesondo kunye nolwalamano. Ukusuka ekugqityweni kolu hlalutyo lweemeta zezinye izifundo ezahlukeneyo Ukusetyenziswa koonografi nokuNeliseka: I-Meta-Analysis (2017):

kunjalo, Ukusetyenziswa koonografi kwakunxulumene neziphumo ezononophelo ezincinci kwiziphumo zophando, ukuhlolwa kwexesha elide kunye nokulinga. Iintlangano phakathi kokusetyenziswa koonografi kunye nokunciphisa iziphumo eziyanelisayo ezithe zazinganyelwanga ngumnyaka wabo wokukhululwa okanye isimo sabo sokushicilela.

Ngokuphathelele ukutshabalalisa isondo, Izifundo ze-37 zidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo okanye ukuxhatshazwa koononophelo kwiingxaki zesini kunye nokwenyuka kokunciphisa isisombululo sezesondo. Njengemizekelo sinika i-5 yezifundo ze-37 ezingezansi:

1) Umzekelo woLawulo loBini-Indima yokuThintelwa koSondo kunye nokuNxanxwa koSondo kunye nokuziphatha (2007) - Esi yayisisifundo sokuqala kwiingxaki zesondo ezibangelwa ziintlobano zesini (yiKinsey Institute). Kuvavanyo lokusebenzisa iphonografi esemgangathweni eye "yasebenza" ngaphambili, i-50% yabaselula ngoku ayinakukwazi ukuvuswa okanye ukufezekisa ukulungiswa kunye I-porn (iminyaka yobudala yayingu-29). Abaphandi abatshitshisayo bafumanisa ukuba i-erectile dysfunction yabesilisa yayinguye,

ezinxulumene namanqanaba aphakamileyo ekuvezeni kunye namava ngezinto ezicacileyo zesini.

Amadoda athathwe kakubi erectile ayesebenzisa ixesha elininzi kwimivalo kunye neendawo zokuhlambela apho ubonwabo "ekhoyo"Kwaye"ngokuqhubekayo ukudlala.”Abaphandi bathi:

Ingxoxo kunye nezifundo zomeleza ingcamango yethu yokuba kwezinye iindawo ezikhuselekileyo kwi-erotica kubonakala zibangele ukunyaniseka okuphantsi kwe "vanilla ngokwesini" kunye neyodingo olwandisiweyo lwezinto ezintsha kunye nokuhluka, kwezinye iimeko zidibaniswe nemfuno ethile iintlobo zesistim ukuze uvuse.

2) Ukwakhiwa kobuBungqina kunye nokuQhagamshelana okuSebenzayo Ukudibanisa kunye noonografi Ukusetyenziswa: Ubuninzi kwi-Porn (2014) -Isifundo sokuskena kwengqondo kaMax Planck efumanise ukuba i-3 ibaluleke kakhulu kwinto enxulumene neziyobisi. Ikwafumanise ukuba iphonografi ngakumbi itya umvuzo omncinci wesekethe ekuphenduleni ukubonakaliswa okufutshane (.530 yesibini) kwi-vanilla ye-porn. Umbhali okhokelayo USimone Kühn ubeka ingxelo kwi-press release ye-Max Planck:

“Sicinga ukuba izifundo ezinokusebenzisa imifanekiso engamanyala ephezulu zifuna ukukhuthaza ukuze zifumane umvuzo ofanayo. Oko kunokuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kweephonografi ngaphezulu okanye kuncinci kuthwala inkqubo yakho yomvuzo. Oko kuya kulungeleka ngokupheleleyo noluvo lokuba iinkqubo zabo zembuyekezo zifuna ukukhuthaza. ”

3) I-Adolescents kunye ne-porn ye-web: ixesha elitsha lokwabelana ngesondo (2015) - Olu phononongo lwase-Italiya luhlalutye iimpembelelo ze-intanethi kwizikolo zamabanga aphakamileyo, ezibhaliweyo kunye noprofesa we-urology Carlo Foresta, umongameli we-Italy Society of Pathophyticology. Ukufumana okubalulekileyo kunokuba i-16% yabantu abadla uononophala ngaphezu kweyodwa ngeveki bavakalisa isifiso sesini esingavumelekanga, ngokuthelekiswa ne-0% kwabangewona abathengi - oko kanye kanye okulindela kumadoda aneminyaka eyi-18 ubudala.

4) Iimpawu zoMonde ngesimo sokuxhatshazwa kobuxhatshazo ngokwesini: Ukuhlaziywa kwesatifiketi esithengiweyo se-115 Iziganeko ezithintekayo zesini (2015) - Isifundo kumadoda (iminyaka yobudala engama-41.5) eneengxaki zokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini, ezifana neparaphilias, i-masturbation engapheliyo okanye ukukrexeza. I-27 yamadoda yahlulwa "njengamakhoboka okuphulula amalungu esini," oko kuthetha ukuba baphulula amalungu esini ngesondo okanye ngaphezulu kweyure ngosuku, okanye ngaphezulu kweeyure eziyi-7 ngeveki. Iziphumo: I-71% yamadoda ahlala ephulula amalungu esini kwimifanekiso engamanyala axela iingxaki zokusebenza ngokwesondo, kunye ne-33% yokuxela ukubambezeleka kwe-ejaculation (ihlala ingumanduleli we-ED).

5) "Ndicinga ukuba ibe yimpembelelo eninzi kwiindlela ezininzi kodwa ngexesha elifanayo andinakuyeka ukuyisebenzisa": Iifoto zoonografi ezizimeleyo ezizimeleyo zisetyenziswa phakathi kwesampula yabase-Australia abaselula (i-2017) -Uvavanyo olwenziwe kwi-Intanethi ngabantu base-Australia, abaneminyaka eli-15-29 ubudala. Abo bakhe babukela iphonografi (n = 856) babuzwa umbuzo ongaphendulekanga: 'Iphonografi ibuchaphazele njani ubomi bakho?'

"Phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba abaphendule kumbuzo ovulekileyo (n = 718), ukusetyenziswa kwengxaki kuye kwabonwa ngabaphenduli abangama-88. Abathathi-nxaxheba abangamadoda abaye baxela ingxaki yokusebenzisa iphonografi babonakalise iziphumo kwiindawo ezintathu: ekusebenzeni ngokwesondo, ekuvuseleleni kunye nobudlelwane. ”

Umxholo walesi siqendu, uphindaphindiwe kulo lonke eli nqaku, nguPrause / Klein / Kohut owenza izivakalisi ezingenasibindi kodwa ezingasetyenziswayo phambi kobu bungqina obunzima bokuchasene.

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I-EXXERPT #5: Esinye isifundo ekusebenziseni idatha kunye nokucima iziphumo

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Okumangalisa kukuba, uvavanyo lokuqala olulungelelaniso lobuzwe ngohlobo lwezobulili-ukubukela ifilimu lwaluphela kuphela ku papashwa kwi-2017 e-Australia. Olu pho nonongo lufumene ukuba i-84 ipesenti yamadoda kunye ne-54 ipesenti yabasetyhini babecinga izinto eziphathekayo zesondo. Ngokubanzi, i-3.69 ipesenti yamadoda (i-144 ye-3,923) kunye ne-0.65 yepesenti yabasetyhini (i-28 ye-4,218) ekufundweni babekholelwa ukuba "banomlutha" kwiimifanekiso engamanyala, kwaye isiqingatha salo qela sichaza ukuba ukusebenzisa iinthombe zoonografi kwakunempembelelo ubomi.

Ngomphandi we-porn u-Alan McKee njengombhali wophando olukhankanywe apha ayothusi into yokuba umxholo ophambili wangcwatyelwa kude kwiitafile zesifundo, ngelixa amagama abhalwe ngobuqili ashiya umfundi enoluvo lokuba kuphela ipesenti yabasebenzisi be-porn bakholelwa kwi-porn ineziphumo ezibi. UMcKee unembali ende yokukhusela iphonografi. Wabhala "Ingxelo yoThutho", apho uhlalutyo lwe-ABC luthi "kwiinjongo zoxanduva lokunika uxolo kwi-sex industry".

Enyanisweni, i-ABC ibonisa ukuba: "Iprojekthi esekwe kuyo lencwadi yaxhaswa ngemali liBhunga loPhando laseAustralia ukusuka ngo-2002 ukuya ku-2004, yaqhutywa ekudibanisaneni kunye, kunye nenkxaso evela kuyo, intlawulelo yentengiso yase-Australia, i-Eros Association, kunye neefoto zoonografi ezifana neCall Entertainment kunye neAxis Entertainment. "(Ugxininiso olunikeziweyo)

Ngoko ke yintoni ekufumanisweni okubalulekileyo ekungcwatywe kwisifundo se-Australia? 17% abesilisa nabesifazane abaneminyaka elidala i-16-30 babike ukuba ukusebenzisa iinthombe zoonografi kwaba nomphumo omubi kubo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba idatha ineminyaka emi-6 ubudala (2012), kwaye imibuzo isekwe kwimilinganiselo yokuziqonda ngokwakho. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba iziyobisi azifane zizibone zilikhoboka. Ngapha koko, uninzi lwabasebenzisi be-intanethi abanakulindeleka ukuba badibanise iimpawu nokusetyenziswa kwe-porn ngaphandle kokuba bayeke ixesha elide. Nalu skrini lweTafile 5 (iziphumo):

Zizahluke njani ezahlukileyo ukusuka kulolu cwaningo ukuba ngaba ababhali babegxininise ekufumaneni kwabo okubalulekileyo phantse i-1 kwaba-5 abantu abancinci bakholelwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kuye kwaba "nefuthe elibi kubo"? Kutheni le nto bezamile ukujongela phantsi oku kufumanisa ngokungakuhoyi kwaye bejolise kwiziphumo ezinamacandelo-endaweni yeqela lewaka leminyaka elisesichengeni seengxaki ze-intanethi?

Nazi izizathu ezimbalwa ezongezelelweyo zokuthatha iintloko ngeenkozo zetyuwa:

  1. Lo kwakuyinkcazo emelekileyo yamacandelo ekudala amaqela e-16-69, abesilisa nabesifazane. Kucaciswe kakuhle ukuba abafana abancinci abasebenzisi bokuqala be-intanethi. Ngoko ke, i-25% yamadoda kunye ne-60% yabasetyhini abazange babone iifosora ubuncinane kanye kwinyanga ezidlulileyo ze-12. Ngaloo ndlela inani leenombolo lihlanganiselwe ukunciphisa ingxaki ngokugubungela abasebenzisi abasengozini.
  2. Umbuzo omnye, owawucela abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba basebenzise i-porn kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezidlulileyo, oko akuthethi ukuba ubungakanani be-porn bungakanani. Umzekelo, umntu oye wangqubeka kwindawo engamanyala kwi-pop-up eqokelelweyo nomntu ophulula amalungu esini amaxesha ama-3 ngemini kwi-hardcore porn.
  3. Nangona kunjalo, xa uphando lubabuza kulabo "babecinga i-pornography" abaye bajonga i-porno kunyaka owedlule, ipesenteji ephezulu teen iqela. I-93.4% yabo yayibonile ngonyaka wokugqibela, kunye ne-20-29 ubudala ubudala emva kwabo kwi-88.6.
  4. Idatha yaqokelelwa phakathi kuka-Okthobha u-2012 kunye no-Novemba ka-2013. Izinto zitshintshile kakhulu kule minyaka ili-4 idlulileyo ngenxa yombono we-smartphone-ngakumbi kubasebenzisi abancinci.
  5. Imibuzo yacelwa kwinkxaso-khompyutha umnxeba udliwanondlebe. Ubume bomntu ukuba buze ngakumbi kudliwanondlebe olungaziwayo, ngakumbi xa udliwanondlebe lumalunga nezifundo ezibuthathaka ezinje ngokusetyenziswa kwe-porn kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene ne-porn.
  6. Imibuzo isekelwe kuphela kwi-self-perception. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba izilwanyana zisoloko zingabonwa njengomlutha. Enyanisweni, abaninzi abasebenzisi be-intanethi abanakwenzeka ukuba baxhamle iimpawu zabo ekusebenziseni iifostile ngaphandle kokuba baqale ukuyeka ixesha elide.
  7. Olu phononongo aluzange luqeshe amaphepha emibuzo asemgangathweni (anikezwe ngokungaziwa), ebeya kuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo iziyobisi ezingamanyala kunye neziphumo ze-porn kubasebenzisi.

Iyiphi idatha esuka kwizifundo zakutshanje apho zonke abathathi-nxaxheba bajonga ngenyameko i-intanethi ye-intanethi ubuncinane kanye ngexesha lokugqibela, bathi, iinyanga ze-3-6, okanye unyaka odlulileyo?

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I-EXXERPT #6: Ukufundwa kukubonisa ukuba ukuzikhohlisa kuxhomekeke eCanada

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Kuyathakazelisa, nokuba phakathi kwabancinci babasebenzisi abakholelwa ukuba "banomlutha" kwiimifanekiso engamanyala, ukuxolelwa kungenziwa ngokukhawuleza: Isifundo Abantu abalandelayo emva kwexesha bafumene ukuba i-100 ipesenti yabasetyhini kunye ne-95 ekhulwini lamadoda abachaphazelekayo ngokuziphatha kwabo ngokwesondo (kwakhona, bengakhange bavavanywe ngeklinikhi) abazange bazive bebenomlwelwe wesini kwiminyaka emihlanu nangona kungekho ukungenelela okubhalweyo.

Ukuqala ukuhamba: Ngokuchasene necatshulwa, isifundo seCanada khange i buza abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba "bayakholelwa ukuba bangamakhoboka." Endaweni yoko, kanye ngonyaka (ngo-2006 ukuya ku-2011) abathathi-nxaxheba babuzwa ukuba “ingaba ukuzibandakanya kwabo ekuziphatheni okungaphaya kubazisele iingxaki ezinkulu kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezidlulileyo”. Ezi ndlela zintandathu zokuziphatha yayikukuzilolonga, ukuthenga, ukuxoxa nge-Intanethi, ukudlala ividiyo, ukutya okanye indlela yokuziphatha ngokwesondo. Isicatshulwa seSlate sibhekisa kwipesenti yabathathi-nxaxheba ababecinga ukuba banengxaki ebalulekileyo kuyo yonke iminyaka emi-5.

Uluhlu lwesibini: Ngokuchasene neengqikembe zonke iingxaki zengxaki zesondo zaxhamla kunye kwinqanaba elilodwa - njenge-ICD-11 eyenziwe nge-CSBD. Kwakungabikho "ukuxolelwa kwimizi yobunono bobulili" njengoko kungekho mntu uthatha inxaxheba wabuzwa ukuba babekholelwa ekubeni banomlutha wezoonografi.

Uluhlu lwesithathu: Ngokuchasene ne-spin, ukuziphatha kakubi kwezesondo kwakuyinkathazo enkulu kakhulu, ephawulekayo njengoko kuqinisekiswe ukuba ezininzi ze-libido zenza ukuba ziphele. Inkcazo ekufundeni:

Idatha yethu iphakamisa ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi iingxaki ezixeliweyo zenzeke ngexesha elide (Itheyibhile 3). Kwisampula yabaphendulayo ingxelo yengxelo yokuziphatha kwengxaki, abaninzi abathathi-nxaxheba bachaza ukuziphatha okugqithisileyo kanye kanye ngexesha le-5-nyaka-sifundo. Nokuba ukuziphatha kweengxaki ezintle kakhulu (ukuziphatha ngokweqile ngokwesondo) kuye kwaxelwa ngamaxesha angamahlanu kuphela nge-5.4% yabesilisa abavakalisa ubunzima ngale ndlela yokuziphatha kwengxaki.

Uphando luyabonisa ukuba abantu abaninzi banengxaki kunokuba baqonda ukuba banengxaki: Kumzekelo ocacileyo wokuzikhohlisa kuphela ngama-38 kwabathathi-nxaxheba be-4,121 bacinga ukuba banengxaki yokutya (baphendula ngo-ewe kwi-4 kwiminyaka emi-5). Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphantsi kwe1% Abantu baseKhanada bakholelwa ukuba ukutya kwabo kubangele iingxaki okanye badibana. Oku kungaba njani xa I-30% yabantu abadala baseKhanadi banzima, ngelixa elinye i-43% likhulu kakhulu? Masingayikhohlwa i-27% ye-Canadians esele ingaphelelanga, kodwa isenokujongana nesifo sokutya, njengesi-anorexia nervosa okanye i-bulimia.

Ngaba abangaphezu kwe-99% yabaseKhanada bakholelwa ukuba ukutya kwabo akukhathazeki, xa uninzi lwabo lubonakala lunenkinga? Kwaye ukufunyaniswa ntoni ngoku ngolu hlobo lwesifundo? Mhlawumbi akunjalo ukuba abantu abanqabile ukuba baphatha iingxaki, okanye ukuba iziganeko ezinzima ziphela. Mhlawumbi, ukutyhila oko kuvunywa ngokuqhelekileyo: thina bantu sikulungele ukuthetha amanga.

Uphononongo lwe-2018 kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi ibonisa amanqanaba aphezulu okuzikhohlisa. I-44% yabadlali bezemidlalo abaye badibanisa imigaqo yokukhwabanisa bacinga ukuba babengenayo ingxaki:  Ukuhlukana phakathi kweengxelo-zengxelo kunye nokuxilongwa kweklinikhi yengxaki yokudlala i-intanethi ebusheni.

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I-EXXERPT #7: "Akukho sifundo esinye esiqwalaselweyo soontanga esixhasa ibango lethu, ke ndiza kuchaza inqaku elingaphononongwa ngoontanga… ngesiDatshi"

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iifilimu zesondo zibi ngenxa yobuhlobo? Kwisampuli yamaDatshi yaseSizwe, ukubukwa kwefilimu yobulili ezingahambelani neengxaki zesondo kwiintsebenziswano.

Kwiindawo ezininzi iPrause / Klein / Kohut zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuqinisekisa umfundi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamanyala akunaziphumo kubudlelwane obusondeleyo. Kuya kufuneka basebenzise isicwangciso esiliqili nesinyanisekileyo sepolitiki sokuhlasela amandla elitha lakho, kodwa ayizukusebenza. Siza kuphinda-phinda ukukhankanya imeko yangoku yoncwadi olujongwa ngoontanga kwaye sibhence ubuqhetseba babo. Kule ngqungquthela iphakamisa ukuba i-porn "ayilunganga kubudlelwane" bacaphula inqaku elinye kuphela, ngesiDatshi, esingaphononongwa ngoontanga.

Ukuba babenokwenza uphando olwenziwe oontanga ukuze baxhase ukuba ukusetyenziswa koonobumba obungenayo imiphumo yobudlelwane, ngokuqinisekileyo bekuya kubhekisela kuyo. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, phezu Izifundo ze-75 zidibanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kukuncipha ngokwesini kunye nolwaneliseko lobuhlobo. Ngokuba sifuna zonke izifundo ezibandakanya amadoda (enoba uninzi lwezifundo) ziye zaxela ukusetyenziswa koonobumba obuninzi zihlwempu zesini okanye ukwaneliseka kobudlelwano. Nangona iincwadana ezipapashiweyo ezipapashiweyo zisebenzisana nokugqithiswa kweentlobano zezilwanyana ezithandwayo kubesifazane ukuba banelisekanga (okanye bhetele) ukwaneliseka ngokwesondo, uninzi lwabaninzi alukho. Khangela olu luhlu lwe Izifundo ze-35 ezibandakanya izifundo zabasetyhini zichazela imiphumo emibi ekuvukeni, ukwaneliseka ngokwesini kunye nobudlelwane.

Xa kuvavanywa uphando, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ngabafazi abadibeneyo ngubani rhoqo sebenzisa i-intanethi ye-intanethi (kwaye ke ingayichazela ngemiphumo yayo) yenza ipesenti encinci yabasebenzisi bonke bezononono. Idatha ebanzi, emele uzwelonke ayinqongophala, kodwa i-General Social Survey ibhengeze ukuba kuphela i-2.6% yabo bonke abafazi base-US babetyelele "iwebhusayithi ye-ponografi" kwinyanga ephelileyo. Umbuzo wabuzwa kuphela kwi-2002 kunye ne-2004 (bona Iphonografi noMtshato, 2014). Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukusetyenziswa koononono ngabasetyhini abasebancinci kunokunyuka ukusuka kwi-2004. Sekunjalo ke, uphando lweengxelo zokuthi ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kuhambelana nolwaneliseko olungakumbi kubasetyhini ekubhekiselele kwipesenti encinci yabasetyhini (mhlawumbi kuphela i-1-2% yabemi besetyhini). Ngokomzekelo, ngezantsi igrafu ukusuka kwenye yezifundo ezimbalwa ukunika ingxelo yokuba ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kuhambelana nolwaneliseko olungakumbi kumabhinqa.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba “Ugcwele” ibhekisa emadodeni nakwabasetyhini abadibeneyo. Kuba imigca "Epheleleyo" kunye "neyamadoda" iphantse yafana, oku kusixelela ukuba phantse bonke abasebenzisi be-porn abahlala rhoqo babengamadoda. Ngamanye amagama abafazi abasebenzisa amaxesha ama-2-3 ngenyanga okanye nangaphezulu kubandakanya kuphela i-1-2% yabo bonke abantu ababhinqileyo. Oku kuyangqinelana nesifundo esimele ilizwe le-2004 esikhankanywe apha ngasentla apho kuphela yi-2.4% yabasetyhini abatyelele indawo ye-porn kwinyanga ephelileyo.

klein

Oku kuphakamisa imibuzo emininzi engaphenduliweyo: Ziziphi iimpawu i-1% -2% yabasebenzisi bezentombazana abancinci abakhokelela ekusebenziseni okukhulu, kodwa ukwaneliseka ngakumbi? Ngaba i-BDSM okanye ezinye iikinks? Ngaba baxhamla ubudlelwane? Ngaba aba bafazi banemibidos ephakamileyo kakhulu okanye banomdla wokugqithisa? Kungakhathaliseki isizathu sokuba amanqanaba aphezulu ekusebenziseni ubulili kwiqhezu elincinci labasetyhini, ngaba oku kusitsho nantoni na ngemiphumo yoononophelo rhoqo kwi-98-99% yabasetyhini abadala?

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I-EXXERPT #8: Izifundo ze-3 ezikhankanyweyo azixhasi iibango ezenziwe

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Izigqibo ezifanayo zikwafumaneka kwakhona kumsebenzi ophandle wee-laboratory, ofumene ukuba abantu banenkxalabo malunga nexesha labo lokujonga ifilimu yabo ngokwesini a kunzima ukulawulwa kwezifiso zabo zesondo okanye kunye nokusebenza kwabo erectile.

Inkcazo engentla idibanisa kwizifundo ezintathu ezingaxhasayo amabango (i-2 yezifundo ze-3 ziPrause). Amaphepha e-3 afanayo kunye neengxelo ezifanayo ze-2 ziphinda ziphinde zenziwe kwi-XMUMX ileta ye-Prause (eyayisetyenziswe apha: Critique ye: Incwadi kumhleli "Prause et al. (2015) ukutshatyalaliswa kwangoku kwezabelo zokubakhoboka ").

Izifundo ezimbini zokuqala: Ubusika, uChristoff, kunye neGorzalka, 2009 kwaye Moholy, uPrause, Proudfit, Rahman, kunye neFong, 2015

Siza kuqala ngezifundo ezi-2 zokuqala ezikhankanyiweyo ukuxhasa ibango lokuba, “abantu abanenkxalabo ngokuphindaphindiweyo kokubukela ifilimu yabo yesini a kunzima ukulawula iminqweno yabo yesini. ”

Izifundo ze-2 khange zivavanye ukuba abasebenzisi abanyanzelekileyo be-porn babenengxaki yokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwe-porn-njengoko inkcazo ichaza ubuxoki. Endaweni yokuba ezi zifundo zibini zibukele iphonografi, zibayalela ukuba bazame ukunciphisa ukuvuswa kwabo ngokwesondo. Izifundo zithelekise amanqaku ezifundo kwi ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini vavanyo ngezifundo 'zokukwazi ukulawula ukuvuswa kwabo ngokwesondo ngelixa bebukele ikliphu emfutshane ye-porno ye-vanilla. Iziphumo zozibini ezi zifundo zazikuyo yonke indawo, ngaphandle konxibelelwano olucacileyo phakathi kovavanyo lweziyobisi ngokwesondo kunye nokukwazi ukuthintela ukuvuswa komntu.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Prause / Klein / Kohut kukuba izifundo ezifumana amanqaku aphezulu kuvavanyo lweziyobisi ngokwesondo kufuneka zifumane amanqaku asezantsi kulawulo lokuvuka kwazo. Kuba kwakungekho kulungelelaniswa okucacileyo kwezifundo ze-2 emva koko "umlutha we-porn akufuneki ubekhona." Nasi isizathu sokuba oku kungamampunge:

1) Njengoko kuthethwe, izifundo azizange zihlolisise umxholo othi "ukukwazi ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwezesondo ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi," kuphela ukuvusa okwethutyana ebhodini ehleli kunye neqela labantu abangaziwayo kwiingubo ezimhlophe ezigubungelayo.

2) Izifundo khange zivavanye ukuba ngabaphi abathathi-nxaxheba babekho okanye babengezizo "iziyobisi ezingamanyala" - njengoko abaphandi basebenzise kuphela imibuzo "yokulutha ngokwesondo". Umzekelo, isifundo sikaPrause sasixhomekeke CBSOB, eneemibuzo zero malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi kwi-intanethi. Ibuza kuphela malunga “nemisebenzi yezesondo,” okanye ukuba ngaba izifundo zixhalabile malunga nemisebenzi yazo (umzekelo, “Ndinexhala lokuba ndikhulelwe,” “Ndinike umntu i-HIV,” “Ndifumene iingxaki zemali”). Ke ngoko nakuphi na ukunxibelelana phakathi kwamanqaku kwi-CBSOB kunye nokukwazi ukulawula ukuvusa akunangxaki ekusebenziseni i-intanethi kwi-intanethi.

3) Kubaluleke kakhulu: Nangona kungekho sifundo esichonge ukuba ngabaphi na abathathi-nxaxheba ababelikhoboka le-porn, uPrause / Klein / Kohut kubonakala ngathi bayabhengeza ukuba "iziyobisi ezingamanyala" ncinane bakwazi ukulawula ukuvuswa kwabo ngokwesondo ngelixa bejonga iifoto. Kodwa kutheni le nto bebecinga ukuba iziyobisi ezingamanyala kufuneka zibe "nokuvuka okuphezulu" xa Prause et al., 2015 ingxelo yokuba abasebenzisi abaninzi bezononophelo abaqhelekileyo babekho Ngaphantsi Ukusebenza kwengqondo kwi-vanilla yobunono kunokuba kulawulwe njani? (Ngokuqinisekileyo, esinye isifundo seEEG Ngokufanayo kufumaneka ukuba ukusetyenziswa koononophelo okugqithisileyo kwabasetyhini abahambelanayo Ngaphantsi ubuchopho busebenze kwi-pornography.) Iziphumo ze Prause et al. 2015 uhambelane kunye UKühn kunye neGallinat (2014), ofumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa koonobumba obuninzi kunxibelelana Ngaphantsi Ukusebenza kwengqondo ekuphenduleni imifanekiso ye-vanilla ye-porn, kunye nayo Banca et al. 2015, owathola ukukhawuleza kwimiba yezocansi kwimilutha yezobisi.

Akuqhelekanga kubasebenzisi bezononono abaqhelekileyo ukuba bahlakulele ukunyamezela, okuyimfuneko yokukhuthaza ngakumbi ukuze kufezekiswe inqanaba elifanayo lokuvusa. Iphonografi yeVanilla inokudika. Into efanayo iyenzeka kubaxhaphazi beziyobisi abafuna "ukubetha" okukhulu ukufikelela kwinqanaba elifanayo. Ngabasebenzisi be-porn, ukukhuthaza okukhulu kuhlala kufezekiswa ngokunyuka ukuya kuhlobo olutsha okanye olugqithisileyo lwe-porn. A uphando olutshanje olutholiwe ukuba ukunyuka okunjalo kuqhelekileyo kubasebenzisi be-intanethi banamhlanje. I-49% yabesilisa abajongeyo babecinga i-pornography "bekungelona umdla kubo ngaphambili okanye ukuba babecinga njengento enyanyekayo. ” Inyaniso, izifundo ezininzi baye baxela iziphumo ezihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala ixesha elide.

Iphuzu eliphambili: Ibango labo bonke ababhali lixhomekeke kuqikelelo olungasekelwanga lokuba "iziyobisi ezingamanyala" kufanele amava kuvuselela ngokwesondo ukuzithobela imifanekiso ye-vanilla ye-porn, kwaye njalo abanako ukulawula ukuvusa kwabo. Nangona kunjalo ukubikezela ukuba abasebenzisi abanobuqhetseba be-porn baya kuvuka ngokugqithiseleyo kwi-vanilla yobunono kunye nomnqweno omkhulu wesondo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuchaswa yimida emininzi yophando:

  1. Izifundo ze-25 Liphikise ibango lokuba isini kunye neziyobisi ezingamanyala "zinomnqweno ophezulu wesini."
  2. Izifundo ze-35 ukudibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo ukunciphisa ukuvusa isondo okanye ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini kunye namaqabane esondo.
  3. Ngaphezulu kwee-75 zoqhagamshelwano Ukusetyenziswa koonobumba kunye nokunyaniseka kwezesondo kunye nolonwabo.

Ifanelekileyo: Komnye umzekelo we-ajenda eqhutywa yi-ajenda, u-Prause wathi iziphumo zakhe ze-2015 zokusebenzisa ubuchopho obuncinci ekuphenduleni i-vanilla porn "i-debunked umlutha wezobisi. " Amaphepha ali-10 ahlolisiswe oontanga abavumelani noMbongo. Bonke bathi Prause et al., 2015 ngokwenene bafumene ukungafuni / ukuhlala kubasebenzisi bezononophelo rhoqo (oko kuhambelana nemodeli yoxhatshazo): Iingcaphephe ezihlaziyiweyo zontanga Prause et al., 2015

IsiFundo sesithathu (Udumo kunye nePfaus 2015):

Iphepha elinye, elibhalwe ngokubhaliweyo nguNicole Prause, lacaciswa ukuba lixhase ibango lokuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn akunampembelelo ekusebenzeni ngokwesondo ("… ..okanye kunye nokusebenza kwabo erectile.Phambi kokuba sithethe kweli phepha ligxekwe kakhulu (Udumo kunye nePfaus), masiqwalasele ubungqina ekuxhaseni ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo.

Njengoko kucacisiwe Ingqungquthela #3 ngenhla, izifundo ezilisithoba ezipapashwe kwi-2010 zibonisa ukunyuka okukhulu kwi-erectile disys function. Yi le zibhalwe kule nqaku kwaye kwiphepha elihlaziywe ngontanga elibandakanya oogqirha be-7 US Navy: Ngaba iinthombe zoononopasho ze-intanethi zibangelwa izidakamizwa zesondo? Ukuphononongwa ngeeNgxelo zeKlinikhi (2016). Ngaphambi kwe-2001 amazinga okungafezeki kwe-erectile kumadoda phantsi kwe-40 ejikeleze nge-2-3%. Ekubeni ama-2010 ED amaxabiso avela kwi-14% ukuya kwi-37%, ngelixa amaxabiso e-libido aphantsi aphuma kwi-16% ukuya ku-37%. Ngaphandle kokufika koonobumba be-porn akukho nentsingiselo ehambelana no-ED osemtsha iye yatshintsha ngokucacileyo kwiminyaka yokugqibela ye-10-20.

Ukuxhuma kwangoku kwiingxaki zesondo zihambelana nokupapashwa Izifundo ze-28 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kunye "nokuxhatshazwa koonwabo" kwiingxaki zezesondo kunye nokunciphisa ukunyuswa kwesini. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba izifundo ze-5 zokuqala uluhlu lubonisa bangela, njengabathathi-nxaxheba baqhelise ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kwaye baphilisa izifo ezingasinikiyo zesondo. Esinye isizathu esingaqhelekanga Slate Inqaku liyakwazi ukukhankanya naziphi na zezi zifundo ze-26.

Ukongezelela kwizifundo ezidweliswe, Eli phepha liqulethe amanqaku kunye namavidiyo ngeengcali ze-130 (urology profesors, urologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, sexologists, MDs) abavumayo, kwaye baphumelele ukuphathwa, i-porn-induced ED ne-porn-induced loss of sexual desire. Ukongezelela ukuba amashumi amawaka amabhinqa athe aphilisa ukunyanzeliswa kwesondo ngokungapheliyo ngokususa iinguqu enye: i-porn. (Jonga la maphepha ambalwa amawaka afana nawo: Ukubuyisela kwakhona ii-akhawunti 1, Ukubuyisela kwakhona ii-akhawunti 2, Ukubuyisela kwakhona iiAkhawunti ze3, Iifutshane zokubuyisela ze-PIED.)

Udumo kunye nePfaus ayizange ixhase amabango ayo: Ndibonelela ngokucwangcisa ngokusemthethweni nguRichard Isenberg, MD kunye nokugxininisa kakhulu, kulandelwa ngamagqabaza am neenkcazo ezivela kuDkt. Isenberg's critic:

Udumo kunye nePfaus I-2015 yayingekho isifundo kumadoda ane-ED. Kwakungekho isifundo nonke. Esikhundleni salokho, uMduduzi uthi uqokelele iinkcukacha kwizifundo ezine zangaphambilini, akukho nanye ebhekiselele ekusebenzeni kwe-erectile. Kuphazamisa ukuba eli phepha likaNicole Prause noJim Pfaus ligqithise ukuhlaziywa kontanga njengoko idatha kwiphepha labo alifanelanga idatha kwiinkalo ezine eziphantsi kwephepha elifunyenwe ukuba li sekelwe. Ukungahambelani akuyizikhalazo ezincinane, kodwa izimbobo ezingenakunyulwa. Ukongezelela, iphepha lenze amabango amaninzi awamanga okanye axhaswanga ngedatha yawo.

Siqala ngamabango amanga awenziwe nguNicole Prause noJim Pfaus. Iinqununu ezininzi zeendaba zeendaba zale ngxelo zithi ukusetyenziswa koonobumba kubakho bhetele izilungiso, kodwa akusikho oko iphepha elikufumeneyo. Kwimibuzo edliwano-ndlebe, bobabini uNicole Prause kunye noJim Pfaus bathi bangamanqanaba okulinganisa kwibhuyibhile, kwaye ukuba amadoda asebenzisa i-pornography ayengabonakali kakuhle. Kwi Udliwano lwe-TV yeJim Pfaus UPfaus uthi:

Sijonge ukulungelelaniswa kwamandla abo okufumana ukulungiswa kwilebhu.

Sifumene ukulungelelaniswa kwe-liner kunye nesixa soononophelo abawajonga ekhaya, kwaye i-latency ebonisa umzekelo ukufumana ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza.

In udliwano-ntanethi UNicole Prause wathi ukulungiswa kwemilinganiselo kwakulinganiswa kwibhulebhu. Iqhosha elichanekileyo ukusuka kumboniso:

Xa abantu baninzi bebukela i-eerotic ekhaya basebenzela iimpendulo ze-erectile ezinqabileyo kwibhuyibhile, abancitshisiwe.

Nangona eli phepha alizange lihlolisise umgangatho we-erection kwi-lab okanye "isantya sokwenza izinto." Lephepha kuphela zifunyenwe ukuba bacele abafana ukuba bahlawule "ukuvusa" emva kokubukela ngokukhawuleza iifostile (kwaye akucaci kumaphepha angaphantsi ukuba le ngxelo elula yafunwa nazo zonke izifundo). Kukho nawuphi na, inqaku eliphuma kwiphepha ngokwalo livuma ukuba:

Ayikho idatha yokuphendula ngesini somzimba yabandakanywa ukuxhasa amava okuzimela ngamadoda "

Ngamanye amazwi, akukho zenzo eziye zavavanywa okanye zalinganiswa kwibhubhile, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho datha okanye izigqibo eziye zahlolwa ngontanga!

Kwimibini yesibini engasekelwe, umbhali okhokelayo uNicole Prause tweeted maxesha amaninzi malunga nokufunda, ukuvumela ihlabathi ukuba i-280 izifundo zibandakanyeke, kwaye "azinakho iingxaki ekhaya." Noko ke, ezi zifundo ezine ziqulethwe kuphela kwizifundo zesilisa ze-234, ngoko "i-280" ihamba ngendlela.

Ibango lesithathu elingasekelwa: I-Isenberg ye-Letter kwi-Editor (edibaniswe ngasentla), eyabangela ukuxhalabisa kwamanqaku amaninzi ekugqibeleni iziphene Udumo kunye nePfaus , wazibuza ukuba kunokwenzeka njani Udumo kunye nePfaus ukuthelekisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo omxholo ophakanyisiweyo xa kukho ezintathu hlukile iintlobo zesistim zezesondo zazisetyenziselwa izifundo ze-4. Izifundo ezimbini ezisetyenziselwa ifilimu yekota ye-3, olunye uphando lusetyenziswe ifilimu ye-20-yesibini, kwaye olunye uphando lusetyenziswa imifanekiso. Kucaciswe kakuhle ukuba Iifilimu zivusa kakhulu kunezithombe, ngoko ke akukho liqela lophando olusemthethweni liza kuqulunqa ezi zifundo ndawonye ukwenza amabango malunga neempendulo zabo. Yintoni eyoyikisayo kukuba kumaphepha abo ababhali bePrause kunye noPfaus bengafuni ukuba zonke izifundo ze-4 zasebenzisa iifilimu zesini:

"I-VSS evezwe kwizifundo kwakuzo zonke iifilimu."

Le nkcazo yinyani, njengoko ibonakaliswe ngokucacileyo kwizifundo zoPhando. Esi sizathu sokuqala sokuba u-Prause noPfaus abakwazi ukubiza ukuba iphepha labo lihlolwe "ukuvusa." Kumele usebenzise isistim esifanayo kwisifundo ngasinye ukuthelekisa zonke izifundo.

Ibango lesine elingasekelwe: UDkt. Isenberg ubuze nokuba njani Udumo kunye nePfaus I-2015 inokuthelekisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ' kuphela 1 ze-4 zifundo ezisetyenziswayo 1 kwizinga le-9. Omnye wasebenzisa i-0 kwizinga le-7, omnye wasebenzisa i-1 kwizinga le-7, kwaye olunye uphando aluzange luchaze ukulinganiswa ngokwesondo. Kwakhona iPrause kunye nePfaus ayibanga ngokucacileyo ukuba:

"Amadoda ayecelwa ukuba abonise izinga labo" ukuvusa isondo "ukusuka kwi-1" kungekhona "kwi-9" kakhulu. "

Le nkcazo, injalo, inkohliso, njengoko amaphepha aphambili abonisa. Esi sizathu sesibini sokuba u-Prause noPfaus abakwazi ukubiza ukuba iphepha labo lihlolwe "ukuvusa" ukulinganisa kwamadoda. Isifundo kufuneka sisebenzise isilinganiselo sokulinganisa esifanayo kwisifundo ngasinye ukuthelekisa iziphumo zezifundo. Isishwankathelo, zonke izihloko ezivela kumdandla kunye nezibhengezo malunga nokusetyenziswa koononophelo ukuphucula ukuphucula okanye ukuvusa, okanye nayiphi na into, engasixhaswa ngophando lwakhe.

Ababhali bePrause kunye noPfaus bathi bengafumani ubudlelwane phakathi kwamanani asebenzayo erectile kunye nenani lezonxepheko elijongwa ngenyanga yokugqibela. Njengoko uDkt. Isenberg wathi:

Okuphazamisayo ngakumbi kukungabikho kwamanani okufumana iziphumo ze-erectile yesiphumo somsebenzi. Akukho ziphumo zesabalo ezibonelelwa ngazo. Kunoko abalobi bacela umfundi ukuba akholelwe nje amazwi abo angabonakaliyo ukuba akukho mhlangano phakathi kweeyure zoononografi ezijongwe kunye nomsebenzi we-erectile. Ukunikezelwa kokubhaliweyo kokubhaliweyo ukuba umsebenzi we-erectile kunye neqabane ungathuthukiswa ngokujonga iifografi ukuba ukungabikho kohlalutyo lwamanani kuninzi kakhulu.

Njengokwesiko xa kubhaliwe incwadi ebalulekileyo yokufunda, abalobi bafunyanwa ithuba lokuphendula. Impendulo yokunyanzela ethi "I-Herring Red: I-Hook, Line, ne-Stinker"Apheleli nje kuphela iinjongo ze-Isenberg (kunye SikaGabe Deem's), iqulethe ezininzi entsha ukuthetha kakubi kunye neengxelo ezingamanga ezifihlakeleyo. Enyanisweni, impendulo kaPrause ayifuni nje ukubhema, izibuko, ukuhlambalaza, kunye nobuxoki. Olu calulo olunzulu nguGabe Deem lubonisa ukuba iPrause nePfaus impendulo yintoni oku: Isicatshulwa sePrause & Pfaus impendulo ileta kaRichard Isenberg.

Isishwankathelo: Iimangalo ezisemqoka ze-2 ezenziwe nguKlein / Kohut / Prause azixhasekanga:

  1. Udumo kunye nePfaus ayiphumelelanga ukunikezela ngedatha yebango layo elisemgangathweni ukuba ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kwakungangqinelani namanqaku kwi-questionnaire yokwakhiwa (IIEF).
  2. Impendulo kunye nePfaus ayiphumelelanga ukuchaza indlela ababhali bayo abanokuvavanya ngokuthembekileyo "ukuvusa" xa izifundo ezi-4 zisetyenziselwa izinto ezahlukeneyo (imifanekiso kunye neefilimu), kwaye ungasebenzisi isikali okanye amanani ahlukeneyo (1-7, 1-9, 0 -7, akukho sikali).

Ukuba iPrause kunye nePfaus babe nezimpendulo kule nkxalabo ekhankanywe apha ngasentla, babeza kubabeka kwisabelo sabo kuDkt. Isenberg. Azange ayenze.

Ekugqibeleni, uJim Pfaus usebhodi lokuhlela Umbhalo weMicrosoft Medicinee kwaye uchitha umzamo omkhulu wokuhlaselwa ingcamango yecandelo le-porn-induced inductions of sex. Umbhali-mbhali UNicole Prause ixhomekeke kwi-debunking PIED, sele iqulunqwe Imfazwe ye-3 yeminyaka kulephepha lezemfundo, ngelixa ngaxeshanye behlukumeza kwaye bekhulula abafana abachaphazelayo ekuziphatheni okubi ngokwesini. Jonga amaxwebhu: Gabe Deem #1, Gabe Deem #2, Alexander Rhodes #1, Alexander Rhodes #2, Alexander Rhodes #3, Icawa kaNowa, Alexander Rhodes #4, Alexander Rhodes #5, Alexander Rhodes #6, Alexander Rhodes #7, Alexander Rhodes #8, Alexander Rhodes #9, Alexander Rhodes # 10,  UGabe Deem kunye no-Alex Rhode kunye, Alexander Rhodes # 11, Alexander Rhodes #12, Alexander Rhodes #13, Alexander Rhodes #14.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++

I-EXXERPT #9: Xa ubhekane namakhulu emfundo edibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kwiimiphumo ezingekho phantsi nje, umemeza nje "ukulungelelaniswa akuyona imbangela"

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki ebalulekileyo kule ngingqi yophando kukuba uninzi lwazo lwezifundo lunamacandelwana ahlukeneyo, oku kuthetha ukuba zibuza nje ngobomi bakho njengoko ngoku. Oku kuthetha ukuba abakwazi ukubonisa ubume. Ukhumbule "ulungelelaniso" aluyikho imbangela "kwisigaba sezesayensi"? Ukuba umtshato wakho awuhambanga kakuhle okanye unqabile ukuba usondelene neminyaka edlulileyo, amathuba okuba umntu olwalamano olufanayo unomdla wokugcoba ukuxhamla umnqweno ongagqibekanga wesondo.

translation: “Ulala kakhulu, ulele kakhulu… iinkophe zakho ziya zisiba nzima… nokuba izifundo ezingama-58 kusetyenziso lobundlobongela zityhila ntoni, nyhani ngamakhoboka esini…. Ngoku ulele… ayikwazi ukubakho iphonografi… .porn ilungile kuwe…. kufanele kube kukuphulula amaphambili…. Hlala ulele ubuthongo obunzulu. ”

Njengoko kulandiswa phantsi kwecandelo #14, isicwangciso esenziwe nguMdumisi noDavid Ley kubeka ityala ukuphonyula ngenxa yeengxaki ezininzi ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa koonwabo. Lapha nakwi-#14 ngezantsi, u-Prause / Klein / Kohut uthabathe le ngongoma yokuthetha kwaye uzame ukugxeka i-masturbation ngenxa yeziphumo Izifundo ze-60 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo ukuya kwisini esincinci kunye nokwaneliseka kobudlelwane. Emva kokuba uMduduzi kunye noLey bakha "iifostile akunakuze kube yinkinga" icebo lokuchazela i-ED engapheliyo kwindoda enempilo enomdla, umhlobo wabo osondeleyo, uJim Pfaus, ngokuphindaphindiweyo wathi inzululwazi-eyenza i-ED iyimbali, kwaye Izihlandlo zokuchasana nokulandelwa kwexesha emva kwexesha lokugqibela yenene imbangela yale ED. Xa ebuzwa malunga nokuba kuthatha i-6-24 iinyanga Ngaphandle koononophala ukuphinda ufumane ukulungiswa, uPfaus uya kuthi cwaka. Yiyo leyo ezinye "Ixesha elichasayo," eh? (Jonga eli nqaku libhengeza "ityala labo ngaphandle kwetyala" I-sexologists enqabe i-porn-yenza i-ED ngokufaka i-masturbation yinkinga (2016).)

Iya ku "ulungelelaniso alinganayo ne-causation" mantra ukuba nayiphi i-7th umgcini unokufunda. Xa bejongana namakhulu ezifundo ezinxibelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kwiziphumo ezibi, iqhinga eliqhelekileyo le-PhDs ye-porn-pro ibango lokuba "akukho sizathu sibonisiweyo." Inyani yile xa kufikwa kwizifundo zengqondo nezonyango, lincinci kakhulu uphando olutyhilayo bangela ngqo. Ngokomzekelo, zonke iinjongo zobudlelwane phakathi komhlaza wemiphunga kunye nokubhema ugwayi kubantu kubambisana. Sekunjalo kubangele kwaye iziphumo zicacile kubo bonke abantu kodwa i-lobby lobby.

Ngenxa yezizathu zokuziphatha, abaphandi bavame ukubaleka ekwakheni uvavanyo izicwangciso zophando eziza kubonisa ngokucacileyo nokuba iiposografi oonobangela ezithile izilima. Ngoko ke, basebenzisa nganiso imizekelo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, xa iqumrhu elibalulekileyo leenjongo zokubambisana lihlanganiswe kunoma yiphina indawo yophando, kuya kufika indawo apho ubungqina bokuba ubungqina bunokuthi kuboniswe ingongoma yeengcamango, nangona kungabikho kobuchule, kodwa ngokungaqhelekanga ukuziphatha, zifundo zovavanyo.

Faka enye indlela, akukho mfuneko yokufunda ngokubambisana onokubonelela "ukubhema umpu" kwindawo yokufunda, kodwa ubungqina obuguqukayo bee-multiple correlational studies lunokubangela isizathu nesiphumo. Xa kufikelele ekusebenziseni ubulili, phantse zonke izifundo ezipapashwe zilungelelanisa.

"Ukungqina" ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile, iingxaki zobudlelwane, iingxaki zeemvakalelo okanye utshintsho olunxulumene nomlutha kuya kufuneka ube namaqela amabini amakhulu amawele afanayo ahlukaniswe ekuzalweni. Qiniseka ukuba iqela elinye alisoze libukele iphonografi. Qinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu kwelinye iqela ubukele uhlobo olufanayo lwe-porn, ngokuthe ngqo iiyure ezifanayo, kubudala obufanayo. Kwaye uqhubeke nokulinga kangangeminyaka engama-30 okanye njalo, kulandele uvavanyo lokwahluka.

Ngaphandle koko, uphando olwenziwe ukuzama ukubonisa i-causation lungenziwa ngeendlela ezilandelayo ze-3:

  1. Ukuphelisa ukuguquguquka okuchaphazelayo. Ngokukodwa, abasebenzisi bezononono bayeke, kwaye bavavanye naziphi iinguqu zenguqu, iinyanga (iminyaka?) Kamva. Yiyo kanye into eyenzekayo njengamawaka amancinci ashiya i-porn njengendlela yokunciphisa ukungasebenzi komzimba okungapheliyo kunye nezinye iimpawu (ezibangelwa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo).
  2. Ukwenza izifundo ezide, oku kuthetha ukulandela izifundo kwixesha elithile ukuze ubone indlela utshintsho ekusebenziseni ubulili (okanye amanqanaba okusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana) zihambelana neziphumo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukulingana kwamanqanaba okusetyenziswa koonobumba kunye namazinga okuqhawula umtshato kwiminyaka (ukubuza ezinye iimbuzo ukulawula ezinye iimeko ezikhoyo).
  3. Veza abathathi-nxaxheba abazimiseleyo kwimifanekiso engamanyala kwaye ulinganise iziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kuvavanya ukubanakho kwezifundo zokulibazisa ukonwaba ngaphambi nasemva kokubhengeza iphonografi kwindawo yeelebhu.

Ngezantsi sibala iiphando eziye zasebenzisa ezi ndlela ze-3: ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana zonyango, ukufundwa kwexesha elide, ukufunyanwa kwimibala engamanyala kwilebhu. Zonke iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa koonobumba kubangela iziphumo ezimbi.

Icandelo #1: Izifundo apho abathathi-nxaxheba baphelela khona ukusetyenziswa koononophelo:

The izifundo ze-7 zokuqala kweli candelo libonisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kubangela iingxaki zesondo njengabathathi-nxaxheba ekupheliseni ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kunye nokuphulukisa iintsholongwane zesondo. Ngaloo ndlela, ingxoxo malunga nokuba iimeko zokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo ezibangelwa ngoononophelo zikhona sele zilungiswe ixesha elithile ngoku.

1) Ngaba iinthombe zoononopasho ze-intanethi zibangelwa izidakamizwa zesondo? Ukuphononongwa ngeeNgxelo zeKliniki (2016): Uhlaziyo olubanzi lweencwadi ezinxulumene neengxaki zesini zesondo ezibangelwa iicons. Olwabhaliweyo be-7 oogqirha be-Navy base-US (urologists, i-psychiatrists, kunye ne-MD kunye ne-PhD kwi-neuroscience), ukuhlaziywa kunika ulwazi olutshanje olubonisa ukunyuka okukhulu kweengxaki zesini zolutsha. Iphinde iphinde ihlolisise iiprogram zengqondo ezinxulumene nokuxhatshazwa koononophelo kunye nesimo sezesondo nge-intanethi ye-intanethi. Ababhali banikezela ngeengxelo ze-3 zecandelo lamadoda aphuhlisa i-porn-induced dysfunctions. Amadoda amabini kwala madoda aphilisa izifo zabo zesondo ngokuphelisa ukusetyenziswa koonobumba. Indoda yesithathu ayizange iphuculwe kangangoko njengoko yayingakwazi ukuyeka ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana.

2) Iimpawu zokuhlambalaza kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini (2016): Ugunyazisiwe ngumfokazi wesiNgesi kunye nomongameli we European Federation of Sexology. Eli phepha lijikeleza amava akhe oklinikhi kunye namadoda angama-35 aphuhlise ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile kunye / okanye i-anorgasmia, kunye neendlela zakhe zonyango zokubanceda. Umbhali uthi uninzi lwezigulana zakhe zisebenzisa iphonografi, ikota yazo ikhoboka leziyobisi ezingamanyala. Amanqaku angabonakaliyo kwi-intanethi njengonobangela oyintloko weengxaki zezigulana. I-19 yamadoda angama-35 yabona ukuphucuka okubonakalayo ekusebenzeni ngokwesondo. Amanye amadoda aye alushiya unyango okanye asazama ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

3) Isenzo esingaqhelekanga sesenzo somzimba njengesisombululo se-etiological ekuxilongweni nasekunyangekeni koxinzelelo ngokwesondo kwi-young men (2014): Enye yeengxelo ze-4 kwiphepha libika ngendoda eneengxaki zezesondo ezixhatshazwa ngoonobumba (i-libido ephantsi, i-fetus, anorgasmia). Ukungenelela ngokwesondo kufaka i-6-iveki yokuziyeka kwi-porn kunye nokuhlaziya umzimba. Emva kweenyanga ze-8 le ndoda yachaza umnqweno wesondo, isondo eliphumelelayo kunye ne-orgasm, kwaye iyanandipha "izenzo ezifanelekileyo zesondo. Le ngxelo yokuqala yokuhlaziywa kontanga yokubuyiselwa kwimizimba yokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo.

4) Kunzima kangakanani ukuphatha ukunyanzelwa kokubambezeleka ngaphakathi kwendlela yokwabelana ngesini nengqumbo? Uthelekiso lwesifundo (2017): Le yingxelo "yamatyala adityanisiweyo" amabini abonisa i-etiology kunye nonyango lokulibazisa ukulibazisa (i-anorgasmia). "Isigulana B" simele abafana abancinci abanyangwe ngugqirha. "Ukusetyenziswa kwamanyala ngo-B kuye kwanyuka kwaba yinto enzima," "njengoko kuhlala kunjalo." Eli phepha lithi okunxulumene nokuzonwabisa nokubambezeleka kwe-ejaculation akuqhelekanga, kwaye kuyanda. Umbhali ufuna uphando oluthe kratya kwiziphumo ze-porn ekusebenzeni ngokwesondo. Isigulana sokulibazisa ukubambezeleka kuka-B saphiliswa emva kweeveki ezili-10 zingekho kwi-porn.

5) Isimo se-Psychogenic Anejaculation: I-Case Study (2014): Iinkcukacha zityhila imeko ye-porn-induced unjaculation. Amava endoda kuphela okwabelana ngesondo ngaphambi komtshato yayihlala iphinda iphulula amalungu esini (apho yena bekunjalo uyakwazi ukujikisa). Uye waxela ukuba neentlobano zesini njengokuvusa okuncinci kunokugcoba iphonografi. Icandelo eliphambili lolwazi kukuba "ukuqeqeshwa kwakhona" kunye nonyango lwengqondo aluphumelelanga ukuphilisa i-anejaculation. Xa olo ngenelelo lusilele, abanyangi bacebisa ukuvalwa ngokupheleleyo kwe-masturbation kwi-porn. Ekugqibeleni oku kuthintelwa kwabangela ukuba neentlobano zesini eziyimpumelelo kunye ne-ejaculation kunye neqabane okokuqala ebomini bakhe.

6) Iimfono zoonografi zenza u-Erectile Dysfunction Among Among Young Men (2019) - Eli phepha lihlolisisa le nto Iifoto zoonografi zenze i-erectile dysfunction (PIED), kunye nezifundo zee-12. Amadoda amaninzi aphulukise i-porn-yenze i-ED ngokuphelisa ukusetyenziswa koonwabo.

7) Ifihliwe kwi-Shame: amaNqaku aMadoda aMadoda aSebenzisa iNgxaki yePhupha eliSebenzisa ubuGwenxa (2019) Udliwanondlebe lwabasebenzisi abangamanyala abali-15. Amadoda aliqela axele ukuba likhoboka le-porn, ukunyuka kokusetyenziswa kunye neengxaki zesondo ezibangelwa zi-porn. Omnye wabasebenzisi abanyanzelekileyo be-porn waphucula kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe we-erectile ngexesha lokudibana ngokwesondo ngokunciphisa umda ekusebenziseni kwakhe iphonografi.

8) Ukuthintela Ukuthintela Ukuthandayo (2016) [iziphumo zokuqala]. Iziphumo zeLiza lesiBini-Iziphumo eziPhambili:

-Ukuthintela iphonografi kunye nokuhambisa amaphambili kwandisa amandla okulibazisa umvuzo

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwixesha lokuzilahla kunika abantu abakulungeleyo ukuthatha umngcipheko

-Ukuziyeka kwenza ukuba abantu babe nothando ngakumbi

-Ukuzibamba kwenza abantu babe noxinzelelo ngakumbi, banesazela ngakumbi, kwaye bangabi neurotic

9) Uthando olungapheliyo: Ukusetyenziswa koononografi kunye nokuzibophelela okunyanzelekileyo kumlingani womntu oyintandokazi (2012): Izifundo zizama ukuyeka ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana (kuphela iiveki ze-3). Ukuthelekisa eli qela kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba abalawulayo, abo baqhubeka besebenzisa imifanekiso engamanyala bavakalisa amanqanaba aphantsi okuzibophezela kunezolawulo. Yintoni eyenzekayo xa bezama ukuyeka iinyanga ze-3 esikhundleni seeveki ze-3?

10) Ukurhweba kamva Imiphumo yokuzonwabisa okwangoku: Ukusetyenziswa koonografi kunye nokukhawuleza Ukuhlawula (2015): Uonografi obeninzi abachaphazelekayo, ababanako ukuba banokubambezela ukuthotywa. Olu pho nonongo luye lwaba nabasebenzisi boononophelo bazama ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango kwiiveki ze-3. Uphononongo lubone ukuba ukusetyenziswa koononophelo okuqhubekayo kwakunjalo ku causally enxulumene nokungakwazi okukhulu ukulibazisa ukwaneliseka (Qaphela ukuba amandla okulibazisa ukwaneliseka ngumsebenzi wecortex yengqondo yangaphambili).

Icandelo #2: Izifundo ezide:

Zonke zifundo ezimbini ezide zenziwe zihlolisise imiphumo yokusetyenziswa koonobumba kwiintsebenziswano

1) Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamakhwenkwe amancinci kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi: Ubudlelwane bokushicilela ixesha, ukufunwa kwemvakalelo kunye nokusebenza kwezemfundo (2014): Ukwanda kwindlela yokusebenzisa iifostile kwalandelwa ukuhla kweenkonzo ze-6 kwiinyanga ezizayo.

2) Ukuboniswa kwabantwana abakwi-Adolescents Exhibure kwizinto ze-intanethi ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuneliseka ngokocansi: Isifundo eside (2009). Ngcaciso: Phakathi kukaMeyi 2006 kunye no-Meyi 2007, senze uphononongo oluneengqungquthela ezintathu kwi-1,052 intsha yaseDutch eyi-13-20. Imodeli ye-equation modeling ibonakalise ukuba ukutyhila kwi-SEIM kuye kwanciphisa ukwaneliseka ngokwesondo. Ukwaneliseka ngokwesini (kwi-Wave 2) kwandise nokusetyenziswa kwe-SEIM (kwi-Wave 3).

3) Ngaba Ukubukela Iinthombe Zoonografi Kuyanciphisa Umgangatho Womtshato Ngethuba? Ubungqina obuvela kwi-Longitudinal Data (2016). Ngcaciso: Olu phononongo lolokuqala ukuzoba kumelo lukazwelonke, idatha ye-longitudinal (2006-2012 Portraits ye-American Life Study) ukuvavanya ukuba iphonografi ethe gqolo isebenzisa ifuthe lomgangatho womtshato kamva nokuba esi siphumo simodareyithwa sisini. Ngokubanzi, abantu abatshatileyo abahlala bejonga iphonografi kwi-2006 baxele amanqanaba asezantsi kakhulu kumgangatho womtshato kwi-2012, umnatha wolawulo lomgangatho wokuqala womtshato kunye nokunxibelelana okufanelekileyo. Iziphumo zoonografi yayingengommeli nje wokungoneliseki ngobomi besondo okanye ekuthathweni kwezigqibo zomtshato kwi2006. Ngokwempembelelo enkulu, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwephonografi kwi2006 yayisisibonakaliso sesibini somgangatho womtshato kwi2012.

4) Kuze kube Njalo Iidemon Ziba Nxalenye? Imiphumo emide ye-I-Pornography Sebenzisa kwi-Divorce, (2016). Olu phononongo lusebenzise idatha yephaneli yoPhononongo lwezeNtlalontle eqokelelwe kumawaka abantu abadala baseMelika. Isicatshulwa: Ukuqala kokusebenzisa iphonografi phakathi kwamaza ophononongo phantse ukuphindaphinda amathuba okuba umntu aqhawule umtshato lixesha elilandelayo, ukusuka kwiipesenti ezi-6 ukuya kwipesenti ezili-11, kwaye iphantse yaphindeka kathathu kubafazi, ukusuka kwipesenti ezi-6 ukuya kwipesenti ezili-16. Iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukuba ukubukela iphonografi, phantsi kweemeko ezithile zentlalo, kunokuba nefuthe elibi kuzinzo lomtshato.

5) Iimpawu zoonografi ze-Intanethi kunye nomgangatho wobudlelwane: Uvavanyo olude lwangaphakathi kunye phakathi kweempembelelo zoqabane, ukuwaneliseka ngokwesondo kunye ne-intanethi ngokucacileyo kwi-intanethi phakathi kwandula-weds (2015). Ngcaciso: Idatha evela kwisampula enkulu yabasandul 'ukutshata ibonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesimo sinezinto ezibi kakhulu kunemiphumo emihle kubayeni nabafazi. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukulungiswa kwamadoda kuyancipha ukusetyenziswa kwexesha ukusetyenziswa kwexesha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-SEIM kunciphise ukulungiswa. Ukongezelela, ukwaneliseka kokwabelana ngesondo nakwabesilisa kuqikelele ukuhla kwelabafazi babo SEBENZENZISWENZISWENZWENI ukusetyenziswa konyaka owodwa, ngelixa abafazi beTYIMBENZISELO YOKUSETYENZISWA KWEZINTLOKO abazange batshintshe amadoda abo.

6) Iifographie Sebenzisa kunye nokuSahlukana komtshato: Ubungqina obuvela kwiDave-Wave Panel Data (2017). Ngcaciso: Uhlalutyo lubonisa ukuba abantu baseMerika abatshatileyo abajonga iifoto zobulili kuzo zonke i-2006 babedlula ngokuphindwe kabini njengabo bangakhange bajonge i-pornography ukuba bahlukane ngo-2012, nangemva kokulawula ukunyanzela umtshato we-2006 kunye nokwaneliseka ngokwesondo kwakunye noluntu olunxulumene noluntu. Ubudlelwane phakathi kweentlophu zoonopopasho basebenzisa ububanzi kunye nokuhlukana komtshato, nangona kunjalo, kwakusisigxina se-curvilinear.

7) Ngaba Iingcamango Zonografi Ziyabasebenzisa Kakhulu Ukufumana Ukwahlukana KwamaRoma? Ubungqina obuvela kwi-Longitudinal Data (2017). Ngcaciso: Uhlalutyo lubonisa ukuba amaMelika abonayo i-2006 babecala phantse kabini njengoko abo bangakhange bajonge i-2012, nangona emva kokulawulwa kwezinto ezifana ne-2006 kunye nolunye ulwalamano lwentlalo. Ukuhlalutya kwabonisa kwakhona ulwalamano oluxubileyo phakathi kwamaxesha amaninzi amaMelika ajonga ngayo iiporografi kwi-2006 kunye neengxaki zabo zokufumana ukuhlukana yi-2012.

8) Ubudlelwane phakathi kokuboniswa kwi-pornography e-intanethi, i-Psychological Well-Being kunye nokuVunyelwa kwezesondo phakathi kwe-Hong Kong i-Adolescents yaseTshayina: i-2018 ye-Three-Wave Longitudinal Study (i-XNUMX): Olu pho nonongo luye lwafumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kwakuhlobene nokuxinezeleka, ukwaneliseka komgangatho wobomi kunye nesimo sengqondo sokuziphatha ngokwesini.

Icandelo #3: Ukutyalwa kweentlobo zoonografi:

1) Umphumo we-Erotica kwi-Men's's Aesthetic Perception ye-Women's Sexual Partners (1984). Ngcaciso: Emva kokuvezwa kwabasetyhini abahle, amaxabiso amaqabane obuhle awele phantsi kakhulu kovavanyo olwenziwe emva kokuvezwa kwabasetyhini abangathandekiyo; eli xabiso lithathe isikhundla esiphakathi emva kokuvezwa kolawulo. Utshintsho kwisibheno sobuhle bomlingane asihambelani notshintsho lokoneliseka ngamaqabane, nangona kunjalo.

2) Iimiphumo zokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwiimpawu zentlalo (1988). Ngcaciso: Ukubonakaliswa kubangelwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukwamukelwa ngakumbi kwezesondo zangaphambili kunye nokuxhatshazwa kunye nokunyamezela okukhulu kokufikelela kwisini kunye neqabane elithandana nabo. Ukugqithiswa kwehlisa ukuhlaziywa komtshato, okwenza le sikhungo ibonakale ingabalulekanga kwaye ingenakwenzeka kwixesha elizayo. Ukubonakaliswa kwanciphisa umnqweno wokuba nabantwana kunye nokukhuthaza ukwamkelwa kwamadoda kunye nokusebenza kwabasetyhini. Ngaphandle kwemibandela embalwa, le miphumo yayifanelwe kubafundi besilisa nabafazi kunye nabafundi kunye nabangenalo.

3) Impembelelo yeZonografi malunga nokuNeliswa koSondo (1988). Ngcaciso: Abafundi abangamadoda nabasetyhini kunye nabangafundanga bavezwa kwiividiyo ezinamanyala aqhelekileyo, angenabundlobongela okanye umxholo ongenabungozi. Ukuvezwa kwaba kwiiseshoni zeyure kwiiveki ezintandathu zilandelelana. Kwiveki yesixhenxe, izifundo zithathe inxaxheba kwisifundo esingahambelaniyo namaziko oluntu kunye nolwaneliseko lomntu. [Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa] kwefuthe lokuvavanywa kwamava ezesondo. Emva kokusebenzisa iphonografi, izifundo zichaze ukoneliseka okuncinci ngamaqabane asondeleyo-ngakumbi, ngala maqabane, uthando, inkanuko yesini, kunye nokusebenza ngokwesondo ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, izifundo ezabelwe ukwanda kokubaluleka kwesondo ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka ngokweemvakalelo. Ezi ziphumo zazingafani kwisini nakubantu.

4) Impembelelo ye-eerotica ethandwayo kwizigwebo zabantu abangaziwa kunye nabafazi (1989). Ngcaciso: IN Inzululwazi 2, izifundo zesilisa kunye neyesetyhini zavezwa kwimeko yesini esahlukileyo. Kwisifundo sesibini, kwakukho ukusebenzisana ngesondo ngesifundo kunye nesimo sokuvuselela ukukhwabanisa ngokwesondo. Imiphumo engavumelekanga yokukhutshwa kwendawo yangaphambili yafunyanwa kuphela kwizifundo zendoda ezityhila kwiidoda zamantombazana. Amadoda afumana i-Playboy-uhlobo lwamabala e-Playboy oluthandekayo kakhulu azilinganisela ngokwabo ngokuncinci nothando nabafazi babo.

5) Ukuqwalaselwa komfanekiso we-Pornography kuphazamisa ukusebenza komemori wokusebenza (2013): Izazinzulu zaseJamani zifumene oko I-intanethi ye-intanethi inganciphisa imemori yokusebenza. Kulo lwazi lovavanyo lwe-pornography, abantu abane-28 abasempilweni benza imisebenzi yokukhumbula imemori basebenzisa ii-4 ezahlukileyo zeefoto, enye yazo yayiyi-pornography. Abathathi-nxaxheba baphakamise imifanekiso engamanyala ngokubhekiselele ekuvukeleni ngokwesini kunye nokukhutshulwa ngesondo ngaphambi kokuba, kwaye emva koko, ukuvezwa kwezithombe zoonografi. Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba imemori yokusebenza yayibuhlungu kuninzi ngexesha lokubukela i-pornography kwaye ukuvuswa okukhulu kwandisa ukuhla.

6) UkuCwangciswa koTshintsho lwezithombe zoSondo kunye noKwenziwa kweNqumo ngaphantsi kobuchule (2013)Isifundo sifumanise ukuba ukubukela imifanekiso engamanyala kuphazamisana nokwenza izigqibo ngexesha lovavanyo olusemgangathweni lokuqonda. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba iphonografi inokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwesigqeba, esiseti yezakhono zengqondo ezikunceda ukuba wenze izinto. Ezi zakhono zilawulwa yindawo yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-preortal cortex.

7) Ukubambelela kwiimifanekiso engamanyala? Ukusetyenziswa ngokweqile okanye ukungahoywa kwimiba ye-intanethi kwiimeko ezininzi zihlobene neempawu zokulutha kwe-cybersex (2015): Izifundo ezinomgangatho ophezulu ekujoliseni ukugqithiswa koononopopayi zenzeke ngokungekho kakuhle kwimisebenzi yokusebenza elawulayo (ephantsi kolawulo lwe-correx ye-prefrontal).

8) Ukusebenza kweGosa lokuSebenza ngokuSigxina ngokwezesondo kunye nokungaboni ngesondo Ngaphambi nangemva kokubukela iVideo ye-Erotic (2017): Ukubonakaliswa koononophelo kuthintela ukusebenza kwamadoda "ngokuziphatha ngokunyanzela ngokwesondo," kodwa kungabikho ukulawula okunempilo. Ukusebenza ngokuhlwempuzekileyo kokusebenza xa kutyhilwa imikhwa enxulumene nokulutha luphawu lokuphazamiseka kweziyobisi (kubonisa zombini zatshintshile izijikelezo zokuhamba kwaye ku khuthazwa).

9) Ukubonakaliswa kwi-Stimuli yoSondo kuHlulela kwiNkcazo yokuThuthukiswa koPhulo oluPhambili kwiNkcazo yoLuntu phakathi kwabantu (ICheng kunye neChiou, 2017): Kwizifundo ezibini ezichazwe kwisistim sezesondo ezibonakalayo kwabangela ukuba: 1) isaphulelo esithe kratya (ukungakwazi ukulibazisa ukuzanelisa), 2) utyekelo olukhulu lokuzibandakanya kwi-cyber-delinquency, 3) utyekelo olukhulu lokuthenga iimpahla zomgunyathi kunye nokuqhekeza iakhawunti ye-Facebook yomntu. Ukuthathwa kunye oku kubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kwandisa ukunyanzeliswa kwaye kunokunciphisa imisebenzi ethile yolawulo (ukuzithiba, ukugweba, ukubonwa kwangaphambili, ukulawula ukunyanzelisa).

Ngendlela, ngaphezulu Izifundo ze-intanethi ze-80 ziye zasebenzisa "ubude" kunye "nokususa iindlela eziguqukayo". Bonke bacetyisa ukuba intsebenziswano ye-intanethi inakho unobangela iingxaki zengqondo / zengqondo, ukutshintsha kwengqondo yomlutha kunye nezinye iziphumo ezimbi kwabanye abasebenzisi.

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I-EXXERPT #10: Prause / Klein / Kohut i-cherry-khetha i-5% yezifundo ezivela kwi-1 yezifundo ze-58 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kwiintlobo ezibuhlungu

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Izifundo ezide zilandela abantu emva kwexesha ubuncinane kubonisa ukuba ukujonga i-sex-film kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba ifom ephakanyisiweyo, eyimfuneko ukubonisa ukuba isondo kwiifilimu zabangela umphumo. Ngokomzekelo, olunye uphando lwexesha elide lubonisa ukuba, ngokuqhelekileyo, ukubukela ifilimu yandisa umngcipheko lolwalamano olulahlekileyo kamva. Kuze kube Njalo Iidemon Ziba Nxalenye? I-Longitudinal Examination of Pornography Usetyenziso kunye noShawulo. Nangona kunjalo, olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba abantu baseMerika abatshatileyo abanamaqondo aphezulu ekusebenziseni i-sex-film kumngcipheko ophantsi ukulahlekelwa lwabo nolwalamano (umphumo ongenanto).

Iqhinga eli lilapha kukukhohlisa umfundi ukuba acinge ukuba uphando oluphanda iziphumo zoononophelo kwiintsebenziswano luyaphikisana. Benza oku ngokuvuma ukuba kubekho uphando oluthile oludibanisa i-porn kunye neengxaki zobudlelane (ngaphandle Izifundo ze-75 Ukuqhagamshela ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kubudlelwane obuhlwempuzekileyo), ilandelwe kukukhetha ikherry kuphela ukuphononongwa kokuxelwa kwesiphumo sangaphandle-sepesenti encinci yezifundo zayo (i-5% yezifundo)

Isifundo nomntu ofunyenwe ngaphandle efumana ngaphantsi kwezi-5% zezifundo “Iifographie Sebenzisa kunye nokuSahlukana komtshato: Ubungqina obuvela kwiDave-Wave Panel Data (2017)" - Inkcazo evela kwi-abstract:

Ukudweba kwi-2006 kunye ne-2012 namaza e-Representative kazwelonke e-Representative ye-American Life Study, eli nqaku lihlolisise ukuba ngaba abantu baseMerika abatshatileyo abajonga i-pornography kwi-2006, mhlawumbi kuzo zonke okanye kwiindawo ezikhulu, banokufumana ukuhlukana komtshato ngo-2012. Ukuhlaziywa kwezinto ezinobunjineli ezibonakalisiweyo tumnqweno otshatileyo Amazwe aseMelika abonayo i-2006 babecala ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini njengoko abo bangaboni i-pornography ukuba bahlukane ngo-2012, nangemva kokulawula ukunyanelisa umtshato kunye ne-2006 kunye nokwaneliseka ngokwesondo kunye noluntu olunxulumene noluntu. Ubudlelwane phakathi kweentlophu zoonopopasho basebenzisa ububanzi kunye nokuhlukana komtshato, nangona kunjalo, kwakusisigxina se-curvilinear. Ubuhle bokuhlukana komtshato ngo-2012 bonyuka kunye ne-2006 yoonografi basebenzise kwinqanaba kwaye ke benqabile kwiindawo eziphezulu zokusetyenziswa koonografi.

I ziphumo zo kwenene. Ukuhlanganiswa ndawonye, ​​abasebenzisi bezithombe ezingcolileyo (mhlawumbi amadoda okanye abafazi) babedlula kabini amathuba okuhlukana komtshato emva kweminyaka eyi-6. Ngokukodwa, kwi-95% yezifundo, ukusetyenziswa koonobumba kwi-2006 kwakuxhomekeke kwimeko yokwanda komtshato kwi-2012. Nangona kunjalo, xa ukusetyenziswa kobugqwetha ukuphindaphindiweyo kufinyelelwe ngamaxesha amaninzi ngeveki okanye ngaphezulu (5% kuphela yezifundo) amathuba okuhlukana kwakufana nalabo abangazange basebenzise i-porn.

Njengoko kuboniswe phantsi kwecandelo #7 Ukudibanisa ekupheleni kwendonga yebell ayikwazi ukuqikelela iziphumo zobuninzi babasebenzisi be-porn. Kule ngxowa exubileyo ye-2-5% yabasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo sinokufumana ipesenteji ephakamileyo kakhulu yezibini ezithatha njengezigugu okanye i-polyamorous. Basenokuba nemitshato evulekileyo. Mhlawumbi eso sibini sinokuqonda ukuba iqabane lingasebenzisa uninzi lwezonunu njengoko lifunayo, kodwa umtshato awunakukhetha. Kungakhathaliseki isizathu sokuba amanqanaba aphakamileyo asebenzisa i-porn kumntu omnye okanye bobabini abalingani, kuyacaca kulolu cwaningo kunye nabo bonke abanye, ukuba abavakalisi abahambelani kunye neninzi yezibini.

Ngendlela, bonke omnye izifundo ezide qinisekisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kuhambelana neziphumo ezinxulumene nabahluphekayo.

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I-EXXERPT #11: Ewe. Udumo / uKlein / Kohut engazi ngokucacileyo uphando oluxhasa umzekelo wokulutha

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Ukuba neempendulo zomeleleyo zobuchopho kwiifili zezesondo kwilebhu nayo Uqikelela ukuba uqhube ngamandla ukulala ngesondo emva kweenyanga.

Indlela isifundo esidityaniswe ngayo ukuxhasa le ndawo yokuthetha kukuqagela komntu. Mhlawumbi bacinga ukuba umfundi uza kuyifunda kakubi le nto “ukubukela iphonografi kukhokelela kumnqweno omkhulu wesini nomntu wokwenene ozinze iinyanga ezininzi.” Kodwa ayisiyiyo le nto bekuxelwe isifundo.

Oku kwakuyinkcazo malunga neendlela zokuziphatha ngokunyanzela (ukunyusa ngokutya kunye nokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesondo). Olu pho nonongo lufumene ukuba ukukhwabanisa okukhulu kwindlela yokuziphathelana noononophelo ehambelanayo neenqweno ezinkulu zokulala ngesondo kwaye phinda wenze iphini emva kweenyanga ezintandathu. Uphononongo alukhange luvavanye "umnqweno wokuba kunye neqabane". Kuphonononge iminqweno yokuhambisa ngesondo kunye nokwabelana ngesondo, okungaphelelanga kwiqabane elinye. Isifundo sifumene iziphumo ezifanayo zokutya: izifundo ezinokuphinda-phinda-phinda-phinda-phinda-phinda kwimifanekiso yokufumana ukutya okufumanise ubunzima kakhulu kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezizayo. Kwintsingiselo yophando:

Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukuphakanyiswa komvuzo ophakamileyo kwingqondo kunye nokutya kunye nezo zesondo kuhambelana nokuzidla ngokutya nokutya ngokwesondo ngokulandelanayo, kwaye kunika ubungqina bendlela eqhelekileyo ye-neural ehambelana nokuziphatha okuthandayo.

Olu pho nonongo lusekela imodeli yoxhatshazo, njengezifundo eziphambili-ukucwangcisa (umsebenzi wesikhungo somvuzo) ekuphenduleni kwi-pornography abanomdla wokuba benze iinyanga ezintandathu kamva. Kubonakala ukuba laba bantu babeye ku khuthazwa kwiimifanekiso engamanyala, ebonakaliswa njengendlela yokusebenza kunye nokuthanda ukuyenza. Abaphandi abanomlingo bajonga ku khuthazwa njengenguqu engundoqo yenguqu ekhokelela ekusebenziseni ukunyanzeliswa kwaye ekugqibeleni umlutha. (Jonga "Intshukumo yokukhuthaza ukukhutshwa komlutha")

Iindlela ezifanelekileyo kunokucingwa ngathi Isimo sePavlovian kwii-turbos. Xa isebenze iingcamango okanye iziphumo, iindlela ezenziwayo zikhupha isiphaluka somvuzo, zikhwela ngamandla-ukungazinaki izifiso. Uphando olusandul Njengesi2018 ezinye izifundo ze-25 zibikile iziphumo ezihambelanayo nokukhuthaza (ukufunyanwa kwemisebenzi okanye izifiso) kubasebenzisi boononophala kunye nezilonda zoononophala: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba uvakalelo alulophawu lwenene lwe-libido okanye umnqweno wokusondela kwiqabane. Endaweni yoko, bubungqina bokuba nemvakalelo yokuziva ubuthathaka kwimemori okanye iindlela ezinxulumene nokuziphatha. Umzekelo, imikhondo-njengokujika ikhompyuter, ukubona i-pop-up, okanye ukuba wedwa-kunokubangela ukuba kube nzima, kunzima ukungahoyi iminqweno yokujonga iphonografi. Izifundo zityhila ukuba abasebenzisi be-porn abanyanzelekileyo banokuba nakho ngakumbi-ukuphinda basebenze okanye umnqweno we-porn, kodwa babe namava esini esisezantsi kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile kunye namaqabane okwenyani. Umzekelo, kwifayile ye- I-University of Cambridge ubuchopho buhlola uphando lwezilwanyana ezingamanyala Izifundo zazinokusebenza ngokugqithiseleyo ubuchopho, kodwa ezininzi zixelile iingxaki zobomi kunye ne-erectile kunye namaqabane. Ukususela kwi-2014 Cambridge yophando:

[Ukuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngokwesondo] izifundo zichaze ukuba ngenxa yokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwezixhobo ezichaza ngokwesini… ..babenamava okuphungula i-libido okanye umsebenzi we-erectile ngokukodwa kubudlelwane bomzimba nabasetyhini (nangona bengekho kubudlelane nezinto ezibonisa isondo).

Emva koko sifunde isifundo se-Nicole Prause 2013 EEG esasenzayo kumaphephandaba njengobungqina obuchasene nobukho bobulili / isondo: Isifiso socansi, kungekhona ukuxhatshazwa kwezesini, kuxhomekeke kwiimpendulo ze-Neurophysiological ezifunyenwe yizithombe zocansi (Steele et al., 2013). Ayikho njalo. Steele et al. I-2013 inika inkxaso-mboleko ekukholeni kokugqithiswa koononophelo kunye nokusetyenziswa koononophelo kusetyenziswa ukulawulwa komnqweno wesini. Kanjani? Olu phofu luchaza ukufunda okuphezulu kwe-EEG (ezinxulumene nemifanekiso engathathi hlangothi) xa izifundo zichazwe ngokufutshane kwiifoto zoononografi. Izifundo zibonisa rhoqo ukuba i-P300 ephakamileyo ivela xa izilingo zichazwe kwiinkcazo (ezifana nemifanekiso) ezihlobene nokuxhatshazwa kwabo (njengokuba olu pho nonongo lwe-cocaine).

I-Prause ibango eliphindaphindiweyo lokuba izifundo zakhe "ubuchopho abuzange buphendule njengamanye amlutha”Ayinankxaso, kwaye akukho ndawo ingafunyanwa kwesona sifundo. Kufunyanwa kuphela kudliwanondlebe naye. Ukunika ingxelo phantsi kwe Psychology Namhlanje udliwanondlebe yoMdumo, uprofesa osesikhundleni esiphakamileyo sikaYohn A. Johnson wabiza uPrause ukuba angaphathisi ngokucacileyo iziphumo zakhe:

"Ingqondo yam isabambekile kwibango likaPrause lokuba ubuchopho babafundi bakhe abuzange buphendule kwimifanekiso yezesondo njengeziyobisi zabaphenduli beziyobisi, ngenxa yokuba enika ingxelo yokufundwa okuphezulu kwe-P300 yemifanekiso yesondo. Njengamakhoboka abonisa i-P300 spikes xa zinikwa iziyobisi zabo abazikhethele zona. Angasifumana njani isigqibo esichasene neziphumo zokwenyani? ”

Ngokuhambelanayo ne Ucwaningo lweYunivesithi yaseCambridge luhlola uphando, Steele et al. I-2013 nayo yabika ukukhwabanisa okukhulu kwindlela yokuziphathelana noononophelo ehambelanayo nomnqweno omncinci wokubelana ngesondo. Ukuyibeka ngenye indlela, abantu abanomdla ogqithiseleyo ekugqithiseni ubugqwetha baya kuncokola ngokugqithisileyo kunokuba balala kunye nomntu wangempela. Ukumangalisa, isithethi sokufunda Umthandazo Batsho ukuba abasebenzisi bezononono bebanokuthi "babe ne-libido ephezulu," kodwa iziphumo zolu cwaningo zithi ngokuchasene ngqo (izifundo 'umnqweno wesini esahlulelanayo ehlile ngokunxulumene nokusebenzisa kwabo i-porn. Amaphepha asibhozo ahlaziywe ngoontanga acacisa le nyaniso: Iingcaphephe ezihlaziyiweyo zontanga Steele et al., 2013. Khangela kwakhona iYBOP ebanzi.

Isishwankathelo, umsebenzisi osisigxina obunomdla ongaphantsi unokufumana ukuphakama kokuzikhethela okuphezulu (izifiso) kodwa naye ufumana iingxaki zokuxhotyiswa kunye nomlingani. Ukuvuka ekuphenduleni iphonografi ayibobungqina "bokuphendula ngokwesondo" okanye ukusebenza okunempilo kwe-erectile kunye neqabane.

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I-EXXERPT #12: Ngona uDavid Ley ucinga ukuba ucatshulwa lwakho luyabuza

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Uphononongo lweengcamango luyakubonisa ukuba ukujonga ubulili oonobangela iziphumo ezinobungozi obubi ngokubandakanya ulawulo. I Umkhulu wokuqala, uvavanyo olubhalwe ngaphambili yafumanisa ukuba ukubukela imifanekiso yesondo akunciphisanga uthando okanye umnqweno weqabane langoku.

Okokuqala, akumangalisi ukubiza ukuba "Uphononongo lweengcaphephe luyakubonisa ukuba ukujonga ubulili oonobangela iziphumo ezinxulumene nezibi. "Iingcamango apho iikholeji ezineminyaka engama ubudala zijonga ezimbalwa playboy iindawo eziphambili (njengokwicwaningo nxu lumene nababhali) akakuxeleli nto ngemiphumo yomyeni wakho ukuhlambalaza kwiinkomfa eziphambili zengxowa yeminikelo emini emva kweminyaka ekupheleni. Ulwalamano olulodwa kuphela nolwazi "bonise ukuba ukujonga iifostile kuyinyani oonobangela ezintle iziphumo " zifundo zengqesho zengqesho ezide ezilawulayo kwiimpawu okanye izifundo apho izifundo zilahla kwi-pornography. Ukuza kutshatyalaliswa izifundo zobudlelwane obuninzi obusondeleyo obuninzi obusondeleyo obunokubhengeza imiphumo yempilo yokusetyenziswa koonwabo. bonke ingxelo yokuba ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kuhambelana nobudlelwane obuhluphekileyo / iziphumo zesini:

  1. Ukuboniswa kwabantwana abakwi-Adolescents Exhibure kwizinto ze-intanethi ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuneliseka ngokocansi: Isifundo eside (2009).
  2. Uthando olungapheliyo: Ukusetyenziswa koononografi kunye nokuzibophelela okunyanzelekileyo kumlingani womntu oyintandokazi (2012).
  3. Iimpawu zoonografi ze-Intanethi kunye nomgangatho wobudlelwane: Uvavanyo olude lwangaphakathi kunye phakathi kweempembelelo zoqabane, ukuwaneliseka ngokwesondo kunye ne-intanethi ngokucacileyo kwi-intanethi phakathi kwandula-weds (2015).
  4. Kuze kube Njalo Iidemon Ziba Nxalenye? Imiphumo emide ye-I-Pornography Sebenzisa kwi-Divorce, (2016).
  5. Ngaba Ukubukela Iinthombe Zoonografi Kuyanciphisa Umgangatho Womtshato Ngethuba? Ubungqina obuvela kwi-Longitudinal Data (2016).
  6. Ngaba Iingcamango Zonografi Ziyabasebenzisa Kakhulu Ukufumana Ukwahlukana KwamaRoma? Ubungqina obuvela kwi-Longitudinal Data (2017).
  7. Iifographie Sebenzisa kunye nokuSahlukana komtshato: Ubungqina obuvela kwiDave-Wave Panel Data (2017).

Ukuya kwi-2017 yophando Prause / Klein / Kohut edibeneyo, kunye neziphumo zayo ezixothwe ngokulula: Ngaba ukutyalwa kwe-erotica kunciphisa ukukhanga kunye nothando lwamalingani abathandanayo kumadoda? Izimpendulo ezizimeleyo zikaKenrick, Gutierres, kunye neGoogleberg (1989).

Ucwaningo lwe-2017 luzama ukuphinda luphendule Ucwaningo lwe-1989 kutyhila ukuba amadoda nabafazi kubudlelwane obuzibophelele kwimifanekiso evuselela inkanuko yesini esahlukileyo. Uphononongo lowe-1989 lufumanise ukuba amadoda abekhe abhenceka kubantu abahamba ze playboy Iingxowa zendawo zilinganise amaqabane abo njengento engathandekiyo kwaye ivakalise uthando oluncinci kumlingane wabo. Njengoko i-2017 yehlulekile ukuphinda iphendule iziphumo ze-1989, sixelelwa ukuba uphando lwe-1989 luyinto engalunganga, kwaye ukusetyenziswa koononophelo akunakunciphisa uthando okanye umnqweno. Whoa! Ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuphindaphinda "kusilele" kuba inkcubeko yethu iye "yamanyala." Abaphandi be-2017 khange bafumane abafundi beekholeji ze-1989 abakhule bebukele iMTV emva kwesikolo. Endaweni yokuba izifundo zabo zikhule zisebenzisa i-PornHub ye-gang bang kunye nevidiyo yevidiyo.

Ku-1989 bangaphi abafundi beekholeji bebonile ividiyo ene-X? Akuninzi kakhulu. Bangaphi abafundi beekholeji ze-1989 basebenzisa yonke iseshoni yeseshoni, ukususela ekufikeni komntwana, ukukhwela i-masturbating ukuya kwiiskrini ezininzi ezinzima kwiiseshoni enye? Akukho. Isizathu seziphumo ze-2017 siyabonakala: ukubonakaliswa okufutshane kumfanekiso osasazo playboy I-centralfold iyindawo enkulu yokuqhathaniswa neyiphi iikholeji kwi-2017 ibukele iminyaka. Njalo ababhali avume ukungafani kobuhlanga kunye ne-caveat yabo yokuqala:

1) Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukubonisa ukuba uphando lwangaphambili lupapashwe kwi-1989. Ngelo xesha, ukuchazwa kwesiqulatho sesondo kungeke kubekho, kodwa namhlanje, ukubonakaliswa kwemifanekiso engabonakaliyo kwande kakhulu, kwaye ngoko ke ukubonakaliswa kwinqanaba elingaqhelekanga lingenakwanela ukufaka impembelelo echazwe ekuqaleni. Ngako oko, iziphumo zeengxelo zokuphindaphinda zangoku ziyahlukahlula kwisifundo sokuqala ngenxa yokungafani nakwi-exposure, ukufikelela, kunye nokwamkela i-erotica ngoko ngoku.

Kwimeko enqabileyo yecala elingenakulungelelaniso noDavid Ley baziva be nya nzekile ukubonisa okucacileyo:

Kungenzeka ukuba inkcubeko, amadoda, kunye nokwabelana ngesondo kutshintshe kakhulu ukusukela ngo-1989. Ambalwa amadoda amadala kwezi ntsuku angakhange abone iphonografi okanye abhinqileyo abahamba ze-ubunqunu kunye nokuziphatha ngokwesondo okuxhaphakileyo kuyinto exhaphakileyo kumajelo eendaba athandwayo, ukusuka Game of Thrones ukwenza iziqholo zentengiso, kwaye kumazwe amaninzi, abantu basetyhini bavunyelwe ukuba bangabinanto. Ke kunokwenzeka ukuba amadoda kwisifundo samva nje afunde ukudibanisa ubunqunu kunye nokuziphatha ngokwesini abakubonayo kwi-porn nakumajelo eendaba mihla le ngendlela engachaphazeli umtsalane wabo okanye uthando kumaqabane abo. Mhlawumbi amadoda akwisifundo se-1989 ayengaboniswanga ngokwesini, ubunqunu, kunye noonografi.

Gcina ukhumbule ukuba lo mzamo awuthetha ukuba ukusebenzisa i-intanethi ye-intanethi a kazange ukukhangwa kwamadoda kubathandwa babo. Kuthetha nje ukuba ukukhangela "kwiindawo eziphambili" akukho mpembelelo ngqo kule mihla. Amadoda amaninzi achaza ngokukhawuleza ukwandiswa ekutsaleni kumaqabane emva kokuyeka i-intanethi ye-intanethi. Kwaye, ke, kukho ubungqina obude obukhankanywe ngentla kubonakalisa imiphumo engathandekiyo yoononophala ekubukeni ubudlelwane.

Kwakhona kwakhona, u-Prause / Klein / Kohut unika ithuba lokubambisa, ukufumana i-cherry-resulting inzame ekunciphiseni ukuxhaswa kweengxelo zokunxibelelana kwezilwanyana ezinxulumene nokuqhawula umtshato, ukuhlukumeza, kunye nokwaneliseka ngokwesini kunye nolwalamano.

Ekugqibeleni, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ababhali bephepha elixhumene nabo baseToylor Kohut kwiYunivesithi yaseNtshona Koloni. Eli qela labaphandi, eliphethwe nguWilliam Fisher, liye lashicilela izifundo ezingathandabuzekiyo, ezihlala zivelisa iziphumo ezibonakalayo ebusweni ukuba zinxamnye neencwadi ezininzi ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa koononophelo kwiziphumo ezintle ezimbi. Ngaphezu koko, uKohut noFisher badlala indima enkulu ekunqobeni Isizathu 47 eCanada.

Nazi zifundo ezimbini zakutshanje ezisuka eKohut, Fisher kunye noogxa baseWestern Ontario abafumene izihloko eziphambili nezikhohlisayo:

1) Iziphumo ezibonwayo zoononografi kubudlelwane bobuhlobo: Iziphumo zokuqala zoPhelo oluVulekileyo, abaFundileyo abathatha inxaxheba, Uphando "olusezantsi" (2017), Taylor Kohut, uWilliam A. Fisher, uLorne Campbell

Kwisifundo sabo se-2017, uKohut, Fisher noCampbell babonakala ngathi bayayitshintsha isampulu ukuze bavelise iziphumo abazifunayo. Ngelixa uninzi lwezifundo lubonisa ukuba inani elincinci labasebenzisi babasetyhini abasebenzisa iphonografi lisebenzisa iphonografi, kolu phononongo i-95% yabasetyhini basebenzise iphonografi bebodwa (i-85% yabasetyhini basebenzise iphonografi ukusukela oko baqala ubudlelwane). La maxabiso aphezulu kunamadoda asekholejini, kwaye aphakame kakhulu kunaso nasiphi na esinye isifundo se-porn! Ngamanye amagama, abaphandi babonakala ngathi bayitshitshisile isampulu yabo ukuvelisa iziphumo ebezifuna. Inyani: Idatha enqamlezileyo evela kuvavanyo olukhulu lwase-US (uHlolo oluPhangaleleyo lwezeNtlalontle) uxele ukuba yi-2.6% kuphela yabasetyhini abatyelele "iwebhusayithi yamanyala" kwinyanga ephelileyo.

Ukongeza, isifundo sikaKohut sibuze kuphela imibuzo "evulekileyo" apho izifundo zinokungqubana malunga ne-porn. Abaphandi bafunda ii-rambling kwaye bagqiba, emva kwenyani, zeziphi iimpendulo "ezazibalulekile" (zilungele ingxelo abayifunayo?). Ngamanye amagama, isifundo khange sihambelane nokusetyenziswa kwe-porn ngayo nayiphi na injongo, kuvavanyo lwesayensi olwahlukileyo kwezokwabelana ngesondo okanye ngokwaneliseka kobudlelwane (njengoko benzayo Ngaphezulu kwezifundo ezingama-75 ezibonisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn kunxulunyaniswa neziphumo ezibi kubudlelwane). Yonke into exeliweyo ephepheni ibandakanyiwe (okanye ayifakwanga) kwisigqibo esingathandabuzekiyo sababhali.

2) I-Critique ethi "Ngaba iphonografi iyinyani malunga" nokwenza intiyo kubafazi "? Abasebenzisi bezithombe ezingamanyala banesimo sokuziphatha ngokwesini kunabantu abangasisebenzisiyo kwisampulu yaseMelika ”(2016),

Ababhali be-co-o-Taylor Kohut baqalile egalitarianism njenge-1) Ukuchithwa kwesisu, (2) Ukuzibonakalisa kwabafazi, (3) Abafazi abanezikhundla zamandla, (4) Ukukholelwa ukuba ubomi bentsapho bunzima xa umfazi ephethe ixesha elizeleyo, kwaye ngokungaqhelekanga (5) izimo ezingalunganga malunga nosapho lwendabuko. Abantu belizwe, abavame ukuba neenkululeko, baninzi amazinga aphezulu okusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana kunabantu bezenkolo. Ngokukhetha ezi ndlela zokuziphatha kunye nokunyamekela ezinye iinguqu ezingapheliyo, umlobi okhokelayo uKohu kunye nababhali-bambisene naye bayazi ukuba baya kugqiba nabasebenzisi bezonografi babhala phezulu kulolu khetho olukhethiweyo olukhethiweyo lwento ethi "egalitarianism."Emva koko abalobi bakhetha isihloko esityhilele konke. Enyanisweni, ezi ziphumo ziphikisana nazo zonke ezinye izifundo ezipapashwe. (Jonga olu luhlu lwezifundo ezingaphezulu kwe-25 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kwisimo sengqondo sobulili, inkcaso kunye ncinane egalitarianism.)

Phawula: Inkcazo ye-2018 ichaza inyaniso emva kwee-5 izifundo ezibuzayo kunye nezikhohlisayo, kuquka nezifundo ezimbini ezixubusha ngazo: Uphando Lophando: Okwenyaniso okanye Imfundiso?

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I-EXXERPT #13: Ukubukela i-porn kukukwenza u-horny kunye nokuphuza kukuphucula indlela ovakalelwa ngayo, ngoko akukho nto ingabikho phantsi

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Kwamanye uphando lwebhubhoratri, izibini ezithe zajonga iifomati, nokuba zikwindawo enye okanye ngaphandle, wabonisa umnqweno wokulala ngesondo kunye nalo mlingane.

Omnye iphepha le-Nicole Prause. Ukujonga i-porn, kuba yi-horny, kwaye emva koko ufuna ukuphuma, akusoloko kufumaneka ngokuphawulekayo. Oku "ukufumana i-laboratory" akusixeleli nto malunga nexesha elide lokusetyenziswa koonwabo kubuhlobo (kwakhona, Izifundo ezingaphezu kwe-75- kunye nesifundo ngasinye kumadoda-ikhonkco lokusebenzisa iphonografi ukuya kwisini esincinci kunye nolwaneliseko lobuhlobo. Olu vavanyo lufana nokuvavanya iziphumo zotywala ngokubuza abaxhasi bebha ukuba baziva kamnandi emva kwesibini sabo sokuqala. Ngaba oku kuvavanywa kube kanye kusixelela nantoni na malunga neemvakalelo zabo ngentsasa elandelayo okanye iziphumo zexesha elide zokusetyenziswa kotywala okungapheliyo?

Akumangalisi ukuba uDkt Prause akayekanga zonke iziphumo zakhe zokufunda:

Ukubukela iifilimu ezithandayo zenza ukuba neengxelo ezinzulu zithintelo, unecala, kunye nexhala

Ukungathinteki kakubi kuchaza iimvakalelo ezimbi. Udumo luye lwasebenzisa ukukhanda-ukukhetha iziphumo zakhe.

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I-EXXERPT #14: Ukuze sikhusele i-porn, masityhole ukuphulula amalungu esini ngayo yonke imiphumo emibi enxulumene ne-porn

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Nangona uphando oluthile luchaza ukuba Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo zoonografi kwandisa ukuzinikela kumlingane, akukho sifundo esasibonakalisile ukuba oku kubangelwa yizo zesini iifilimu kwaye akukho nenye into ephazamisayo, efana nokungafani nokuhlambalaza okubangelwa ukulungiswa kwemikhwa yokujonga. Ngokombono wethu, akukho nto idityanisiweyo yedatha ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuvuswa kwezesondo ngezobugcisa zesondo rhoqo kunciphisa umnqweno weqabane eliqhelekileyo lesini; Ngokuqinisekileyo, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, iifilimu zezesondo zibonakala zivutha umlilo ekhaya.

Enyanisweni, ubukhulu becala ubungqina ibonisa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba njengoko ukusetyenziswa kwezithombe zoonografi kwanda, ubudlelwane kunye nokwaneliseka ngokwesondo kuyahla. Oku akunjalo kwimizekelo ethile ethi "yebo" kwaye ezinye izifundo "zithi cha", njengoko isifundo ngasinye kumadoda kunye nokusetyenziswa koonobumba (Izifundo ze-70) idibanisa ukusetyenziswa koonwabo okugqithisileyo ukwenzela ukunciphisa ubulili okanye ukwanelisa ubuhlobo Enyanisweni, a kwamva nje wabonisa ukuba amadoda, ukusetyenziswa kobugqwetha obuninzi ngaphezu kweyanye ngenyanga ngenyanga. (Kwababhinqileyo, ukucinywa kwaba ngaphantsi.) Ukusebenzisa oko kwakuqhelekileyo kunokuba "amaxesha amaninzi ngonyaka" kwahlanganiswa nokunciphisa ukwaneliseka ngokwesondo.)

Kwakhona, i Ukufunda ngokuzibandakanya koononophelo khankanywe ngasentla wenza bonisa ukuba ukubukela iipilisi kwakunobangela obuninzi bokuzibophelela okuncitshisiweyo kulabo babecinga i-pornography. Ngomnye wezifundo ezimbalwa ukucela abantu ukuba bazame ukususa ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana (kwiiveki ze-3) ukuthelekisa iziphumo kunye neqela lolawulo. Ngokuqinisekileyo abanye babaphandi abafanayo wapapasha esinye isifundo ukuthelekisa ukuphuculwa kokunciphisa abo bazama ukuyeka ukuzilahla kwexesha elifutshane. Bafumanise ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abatyhola i-porn babonwa ngabancinci ukuba bangafuni ukuxhaswa. I

Kuyamangalisa ukuba izazi zesondo ezifana neKlein, Prause kunye neKohu zizimisele ukuvikela ukusetyenziswa koononophelo abazimisele ukubonisa ukuba ukuphonyula kubangela iingxaki zobudlelwane! (Umnumzane kunye nomlingane uLey baye bathi ukuhlaziya i-masturbation kubangelwa i-ED engapheliyo kumadoda amancinci - ngaphandle kwenkcazo yonyango okanye obunye ubungqina)

Sekunjalo ngexa elifanayo U-Prause uye waqhubeka efuna ukuba esidlangalaleni ukuba isinxeba singenakuncedo. Ngoko, yintoni na? Apha aba bhali babhekisela ngomnwe kwi-masturbation njengesizathu senkxwabo zobudlelwane, kodwa banikezeli ubungqina obusemthethweni obuxhasa ukuzingela kwabo. Kubonakala ibango labo lokuba "ukukhwabanisa" kuphela ukulungelelanisa okubomvu xa kunokwenzeka ngokwenene Ubungqina benzululwazi bubonisa ukuba ezinye izilwanyana zisebenzisa iingxaki ze-correlates.

Ngokweqile, kwi-2017 izazinzulu ziye zavavanya "i-rhythm-red shering" yombono, kwaye ayifumananga inkxaso. Jonga "Ngaba Iingcamango Zingcola Ziyayilungisa? Isifundo se-FMRI samadoda afuna unyango lwe-Problematic Pornography Usetyenziso"Ukuvakalelwa kwimiba enxulumene neziyobisi kuhlobene nokusetyenziswa koonobumba kwaye i-masturbation frequency. Oku kunengqiqo, njengokubukela Ubunono bobugqwetha buhambisana neengqondo ngokukhawuleza:

Thatha umzekelo woononografi. Ukucinga ngeendlela zokufumana ukufikelela kuyo, okanye ukuwufuna ngamandla, nokuba mhlawumbi ufumana umnqweno ngexesha lenkqubo, kuthathwa njengento efunwa ngokwesondo. Ukubukela izinto eziphathekayo zoononopopasho, nangona ngaphandle kokuhlaziya umzimba, kunokucingelwa ukuba "ukulala ngesondo" xa kuvela isisu somzimba.

Ubuntu bufuna ngokukhawuleza uphando abaza kusebenzisa isayensi yesandi (kunye neuroscience) ukuphanda ubulili bobulili babantu kunye nemiphumo yendalo yesondo ekhethekileyo yanamhlanje. Abangabonakaliyo-propagandists abasebenzisa imveliso ebomvu.

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I-EXXERPT #15: Uxolo abantwana Isifundo esisodwa sinxulumene "nokuzibonakalisa njengomlutha wezesondo" kunye neeyure zokusetyenziswa, inkolo kunye nokunyaniseka kokuziphatha kakubi

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Xa uthetha entliziyweni yomcimbi, enye yezona ngxaki ezinkulu kubasebenzisi bezentloni zihlazo. Ihlazo malunga nokujonga iifilimu zezesondo zixutywa kuluntu ngoshishino lwezokwelapha ngokwezondo (inzuzo), ngamaphephandaba (ngokukhawuleza), nangamaqela enkolo (ukulawula ubulili). Ngelishwa, nokuba ukholelwa ukubukela i-porn kufanelekile okanye akunjalo, ukunyanzela ukujonga i-sex-movie kungabangela ukuba yingxaki. Enyanisweni, a inani elinyukayo lophando bonisa ukuba abaninzi abantu abachonga ngokuba "izilwanyana ezingcolileyo" abayibukeli iifilimu zesondo ngaphezu kwabanye abantu. Baziva bazihlazo ngakumbi ngeendlela zabo zokuziphatha, ezidibaniswa nokukhula kwintlalo yonqulo okanye ekhuselayo.

Impendulo kwinqanaba le-#15 lidibene kunye impendulo kwi-#19 ngezantsi, njengoko bobabini bajongana nombuzo othile we-pornography (CPUI-9) kunye neengcamango ezizungezile kunye nezifundo ezizisebenzisayo.

Qaphela: Ibango eliphambili kwinqanaba elingentla libuxoki njengoko kukho isifundo esisodwa esisodwa esihambelana nokuzibonakalisa njengomntu osisilonda sezilonda kunye neeyure zokusetyenziswa, inkolo kunye nokunyaniseka kokuziphatha kakubi. Iziphumo zalo ziphikisana nengxelo eyakhiwe ngononophelo malunga "nokubona iziyobisi" (ukuba "umlutha we-porn ngamanyala enkolo / ukungamkeleki kokuziphatha") - esekwe kwizifundo ezisebenzisa isixhobo esineziphene esibizwa ngokuba yi-CPUI-9. Kwisifundo sodwa sokunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo, unxibelelwano olomeleleyo lokuzibona ngokwakho njengomlutha iiyure zokusebenzisa iidemon. Inkolo yayingenanto, kwaye nangona kwakukho ukulungelelaniswa phakathi kokuzibona njengento engumlutha kunye nokuziphatha okungathandabuzekiyo malunga nokusetyenziswa koononophelo, kwakukho isiqingatha ukulungiswa kweeyure zokusetyenziswa.

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I-EXXERPT #16: Ukunyanzelwa akuhambelani ne "Ukunyanzelwa kokuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo" kwi-ICD-11

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba nyanzelwa ayikho ikhefu legama elibandakanya umlutha. Ukuxhatshazwa, ukunyanzelisa, kunye nokungafuneki ngabo bonke imizekelo eyahlukileyo kunye neepatheni ezahlukeneyo zokuphendula ezifuna unyango ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, imizekelo yokulutha baqikelele iimpawu zokuhoxiswa, kodwa iimodeli zokunyanzeliswa aziqapheli ukuhoxiswa. Iimodeli zengqondo baqikelele ukukhuseleka okunamandla ukulibazisa izigqibo okanye ukulibazisa ukuzonwabisa okulindelekileyo, kanti ukunyanzeliswa kwamanqaku okuqikelela ukuqikelela ukunyamezela, ukunyamezela.

Kwakhona u-Prause / Klein / Kohut uzame ukulingana kwesandla. Bakufuna ukuba ukholelwe ukuba "ukunyanzeliswa" kufana ne Ukuxhatshazwa kwezesondo zoMzimba ukuxilongwa, kwaye ngoko ke i-ICD-11 enenjongo yokukhusela abantu abanonophelo bokunakekelwa kwempilo ekuyisebenziseni ukuba baxilonge abo abanomdla wokuziphatha okubi noonombulo. Nangona kunjalo, le migaqo ayifani ngokufanayo, oko kuthetha ukuba sinokungahoyi ikhefu #17 kunye nemizamo yayo edityanisiweyo yokudibanisa umfundi.

Nangona kunjalo sifuna ukukhupha le ngqungquthela ngokuqhubekayo ngenxa yokuba umlutha-abachasayo njengoPrause / Klein / Kohut kunye noogxa babo kubonakala ngathi banesinyanzelo ngokwabo. Banyanzelisa ukuphinda basebenzise ingxaki yokusebenzisa iphonografi “njengokunyanzelwa”-oko kuthetha ukuba ayinakuba “sisiyobisi.”

RE: "Ukunyanzeliswa ayikho ikhefu legama elibandakanya umlutha. " Kuxhomekeke kubani oyicelayo, kodwa umbuzo onjalo awunanto i-ICD-11 Ukuxhatshazwa kwezesondo zoMzimba ukuxilongwa. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-"Compulsive" kwi-ICD-11 ukuxilongwa akuthethi ukuba kuchaza i-CSBD ye-neurological undersigned: "qhubeka nokuphindaphinda ukuziphatha ngokwesini nangona ziphumo ezimbi.”Endaweni yokuba“ uyanyanzelwa, ”njengoko lisetyenziswe kwi-ICD-11, ligama elichazayo elisetyenzisiweyo kangangeminyaka, kwaye lisoloko lisetyenziswa ngokungafaniyo“ nomlutha. ” (Umzekelo uphando lukaGoogle lokufunda nyanzelwa + ubuyisela izicatshulwa ze-130,000.)

Ingqungquthela #17 preys ngokungazi ngokubanzi inyaniso eqinisiweyo: The ICD kwaye DSM i inkqubo echazayo, ngokubanzi iinkqubo ezingabonakaliyo. Bathembele ebukhosini okanye ukungabikho kwempawu kunye neempawu ezithile zokuqinisekisa ukufumana izifo. Ngamanye amazwi, ii-ICD kunye ne-DSM zihlala zingavumi ukuvumela ukuba kukho nayiphi na i-theory ye-biological engqondweni yengxaki yengqondo, ingaba ixinzelelo, i-schizophrenia, utywala okanye i-CSBD.

Ngako oko, nantoni na nina okanye umnikezeli wakho wezempilo uyakufuna ukuyibiza - "ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini," "umlutha wobulili," "ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo," "ukuziphatha kakubi kwezesondo," "umlutha we-inthanethi" - ukuba iimpawu ziwela ngaphakathi "kweengxaki zokuziphatha zocansi" Inkcazo inokufunyanwa ngokusetyenziswa kwe-ICD-11 CSBD.

Ngokweqile, njengoko ukukhululwa kweNkcazo yoMbutho wezeMpilo yeNtsholongwane, kuchaza ukuba Ukuxhatshazwa kwezesondo zoMzimba ngaphantsi kweengxaki "zokulawula ukuphazamiseka" ngoku kodwa oko kungatshintshwa njengoko kwenzayo kwiNgcalizo yokuGembula.

Okwangoku, udidi lomzali lwe-CSBD ukuxilongwa yi-Impulse Control Disorders, oluquka ukuxilongwa njengePromromania [6C70], i-Kleptomania [6C71] kunye ne-Intermittent Explosive Disorder [6C73]. Sekunjalo ukungaqiniseki kuhleli malunga nendawo efanelekileyo. Njengoko i-Yale i-neuroscientist uMarc Potenza MD PhD kunye noMateusz Gola PhD, umphandi kwi-Polish Academy yeSayensi kunye neYunivesithi yaseCalifornia San Diego uthi, "Isiphakamiso samanje sokuhlukanisa izifo ze-CSB njengengxaki yokulawula umgudu, cetywayo ...Kukho idatha ebonisa ukuba i-CSB yabelana ezininzi izinto kunye nezilingo. " 7

Kungakuhle ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-ICD-11 ibandakanya ukuxilongwa kweNgcakazo yokuNgcakaza phantsi kwazo zombini ezi ngxaki ngenxa yeziyobisi kunye naphantsi kwempembelelo yokuLawulwa kokuPhazamiseka. Ke ngoko, ukwahlulahlulahlulahlulahlulahlulahlula ngokwamacandelo ukuphazamiseka akufuneki ukuba ihlale ihlangene.5 Ukwahlulahlulwa kwakhona kunokuhamba kunye nexesha. Ingxaki yokungcakaza yayihlelwe njengesixhobo sokuphazamiseka kwi-DSM-IV nakwi-ICD-10, kodwa ngokusekwe kwinkqubela phambili yokuqonda okuqinisekileyo, ukuphazamiseka ekuNgcakazeni kuye kwafakwa kwakhona njenge- "Izinto ezinxulumene neziyobisi kunye neNgxaki yeziyobisi" (DSM-5) kunye "Ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yokuziphatha kakubi" (ICD-11). Kungenzeka ukuba le intsha Ukuxilongwa kwe-CSBD kunokulandela inkqubela efanayo njengengxaki yokuGembula.

Nangona i-CSBD ibonakala ngathi i-addiction and quacks like addiction, iqala "kwiingxaki zokuLawula umxhasi" ngezizathu zezopolitiko. Iipolitiki ngaphandle, izazinzulu ezipapasha izifundo zobuchopho kwiinkalo ze-CSB zikholelwa ngokuthe tye ukuba zinezindlu ezifanelekileyo. Isuka e Lancet ngcaciso, Ngaba ukuziphatha ngokwezesondo ngokugqithiseleyo kuyinkinga yomlutha? (2017):

kleinIngxaki yokuziphatha ngokwezesondo ebonakalayo ifanelana kakuhle kunye neengxaki ezingabonakali kweziyobisi ezicetywayo ze-ICD-11, ezihambelanayo nexesha elincinci lokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini ngokucetywayo ngokunyanzeliswa kokuziphatha ngokwesondo kwi-website ye-ICD-11. Siyakholelwa ukuba udidi lwesifo sengqondo sokunyanzelisa ngokwesondo njengengxaki yokulahla i-addictive disorder ihambelana nedatha yakutshanje kwaye inokuncedisa iikliniki, abaphandi kunye nabantu abachaphazelekayo kwaye bachaphazelekayo ngokwabo.

Ngendlela, nokuba "ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha ngokwesondo okunyanzelekileyo" kugqityiwe kusiwe kwi-"Disorder ngenxa ye-Addictive Behaviour" icandelo lisenokubizwa ngokuba yi "Compulsive Sexual Behaeve Disorder." Kwakhona, "ukunyanzeliswa" akuhambelani nokuchongwa kwe-CSBD.

RE: Ukuxhatshazwa, ukunyanzelisa, kunye nokungafuneki ngabo bonke imizekelo eyahlukileyo kunye neepatheni ezahlukeneyo zokuphendula ezifuna unyango ezahlukeneyo.

Okokuqala, unxibelelwano luya kwiphepha elididekile eliphakamisa "umlutha wobulili" obuthathakayo oza kwenzeka kwisibuko eqhelekileyo iintlobo zesini zovakalelo, ukwenza isenzo, kwaye ungaziva u-horny. Umzekelo:

Ngokukodwa, umjikelo wesondo ubonisa ukuba umjikelezo wokuziphatha ngokwesondo uqulethwe ngamanqanaba amane ahlukeneyo kunye nezicatshulwa ezichazwe njengexelongo lobulili, ukuziphatha ngokwesondo, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini.

Yiyo leyo. Oku kuyandikhuthaza ukuba ndibhengeze imodeli yethiyori yokutya, kunye nezigaba ezine ezilandelelanayo: ukuziva ulambile, ukunqwenela ukutya, ukutya, ukuziva ugcwele kunye nokuyeka. Eli phephancwadi lacela amagqabaza ngalo “mjikelo wokuziphatha ngokwesini” ocetywayo. Ndicebisa le: Iimodeli ezahlukileyo zigqithisileyo kwiScientific Underpinnings of Sexual Addiction njenge-Disorder.

Okwesibini, izifundo zokulutha umlutha zibika ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba umlutha unamacandelo zombini ukungafuneki nokunyanzelisa. (Usesho lwe-Google Scholar ukunyanzela + ukunyanzeliswa + ukubuyisela ukunyanzeliswa kweempawu ze-22,000.) Nazi izichaso ezilula ukungafuneki kwaye nyanzelwa:

  • Impulsivity: Ukwenza ngokukhawuleza kwaye kungenakucingela okanye ukucwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuphendula kwisitatimende sangaphakathi okanye sangaphandle. Isikhundla sokwamkela umvuzo omncinci ngokukhawuleza ukuxhaswa kokubambezeleka kunye nokungakwazi ukuyeka ukuziphatha ngokuvisisa xa sele isetyenziswe.
  • Ukunyanzeliswa: Uqwalasela ukuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo okwenziwa ngokwemiqathango ethile okanye ngendlela echasayo. Ezi ziphatha ziyaqhubeka nokuqhubeka nemiphumo emibi.

Ukuqikelela, abaphandi abanomdla ngokuqhelekileyo kubonisa umlutha njengentuthuko evela ngqiqweni ukuziphatha okufuna ukuzonwabisa ukuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo ukuphepha ukuphazamiseka (njengentlungu yokuhoxiswa). Ngaloo ndlela, Umlutha uquka enye yabini, kunye nezinye izinto. Ngoko umahluko phakathi "kwimizekelo" yokungacingi nokunyanzelisa njengoko ihambelana ne-CSBD ayinqunywanga kwaye yomiswa.

Okwesithathu, inkxalabo malunga neemfuno zonyango ezahlukeneyo kwimodeli nganye yirhering ebomvu njengoko i-ICD-11 ingamkeli naluphi na unyango lwe-CSBD okanye naluphi na olunye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okanye komzimba. Oko kuya kugqirha. Kwiphepha lakhe lika-2018, "Ukuziphatha ngokunyanisekileyo ngokwesondo: Indlela engekho nto, Ilungu leqela leqela le-CSBD uJon Grant (ingcali efanayo neyoPrause / Klein / Kohut echazwe gwenxa ngaphambili) igubungele ukuxilongwa okungalunganga, ukuxilongwa okwahlukileyo, iindlela zokuziphatha kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezinxulumene nokuchongwa kwe-CSBD. Ngesiqhelo, uGrant uthi i-Compulsive Sexual Behavior ikwabizwa ngokuba “likhoboka lesini” kwelo phepha!

"Ayisiyo ikhoboka, sisinyanzelo." Oku kusilethela kwingxoxo 'yokunyanzeliswa' ngokumalunga 'nokunyanzela'. likhoboka kwaye nyanzelwa zombini imimiselo eyangena ulwimi lwethu lwemihla ngemihla. Njengamazwi amaninzi asetyenziswa ngokufanayo, anokusetyenziswa kakubi kwaye aqondwe kakuhle.

Ekuphikisaneni nomba wokuziphatha gwenxa, ngakumbi ukubakho kweziyobisi, abantu abathandabuzayo bahlala besithi ukubakho kweziyobisi iphonografi 'kukunyanzelwa' hayi 'umlutha' oyinyani. Abanye bade banyanzelise ukuba likhoboka “lifana” ne-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Xa iqhubeka icinezelwa indlela 'ukunyanzelwa kokusebenzisa u-X' kwahluke ngayo ngokwasemphefumlweni ukusuka ekubeni 'likhoboka le-X', ukubuya okuqhelekileyo kwaba bantu bangenalwazi lukukuba “iindlela zokuziphatha ziluhlobo lwe-OCD.” Ayonyani.

Imizila emininzi yophando ibonisa ukuba izidakamizwa ziyahlukahluka kwi-OCD kwiindlela ezininzi ezibandakanyekayo, kubandakanywa ukungalingani kweengqondo. Yingakho i-DSM-5 kunye ne-ICD-11 inezintlu ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga izifo ezinzima kunye iingxaki zomlutha. Izifundo zishiya ngokungathandabuzeki ukuba i-CSBD hayi uhlobo lwe-OCD. Enyanisweni, ipesenteji zabasebenzi be-CSB kunye ne-OCD eyenza ngokubambisana iyinto encinci. Ukusuka UkuCamngca kunye noVavanyo lweSifo seHypersexual Disorder: Ukuphononongwa ngokuCwangcisiweyo koNcwadi (2016)

Ukukhathazeka okubambisene neembambano kuye kwacatshangelwa ukuba kuqikelele ukunyanzeliswa ngokwesini (40) ngenxa yokuba ezinye iifundo zifumene abantu abanokuziphatha okubi ngokobuxhakaxhakaba kwi-spectrum of compulsive disorder (OCD). I-OCD yokuziphatha ngokuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo engahambelani ne-DSM-5 (1) ukuqonda ukuxilongwa kwe-OCD, engabandakanyi ukuxilongwa kwezo ziphatho ezivela kuyo abantu. Nangona iingcamango ezigqithisileyo zohlobo lwe-OCD zisoloko ziba nomxholo wesondo, ukunyanzeliswa okuhambelanayo okwenziwe ekuphenduleni ukugqithiswa akukwenzelwa ukuzonwabisa. Abantu abane-OCD ingxelo yexhala kunye neentloni kunokuba babe nesifiso sesini okanye bavuke xa bejamelene neemeko ezibangela ukugqithiswa kunye nokunyanzeliswa, ekugqibeleni kwenziwa kuphela ukucima ukukhathazeka iingcamango ezivuthayo. (41)

Ukususela ngoJuni, isifundo se-2018: Ukuhlaziya indima yobudlova kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwiingxaki zokuThatshazwa ngokwesondo:

Uphando oluthile luhlolisise imibutho phakathi kokunyanzeliswa kunye noxhatshazo. Phakathi kwendoda engenayo i-dispersexual disorder disorder [CSBD], ukuxhaphaka kwexesha lokuphila kweengxaki eziphosakeleyo-ingxaki yengqondo eyenziwa ngokunyanzeliswa-ukusuka kwi-0% ukuya kwi-14%

Ukuqwalasela-okunokubambisana nokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo-kwindoda efuna unyango ephethe ukuxhatshazwa koxhatshaxhaka kufunyenwe ukuba iphakanyiswe ngokukodwa kwinqanaba elifanisayo, kodwa ubungakanani bomlinganiselo wale mehluko bebuthathaka. Xa ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinga lokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo-kuhlolwe yi-subscale ye-Intlanganiso ye-Clinical Interviews ye-DSM-IV (SCID-II) kunye nenqanaba lokuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo lwahlolisiswa phakathi kwindoda efuna unyango ngengxaki yokuxhatshazwa kwabantu, kuhlanganisene ubudlelwane obuhle, obuthathaka. Ngenxa yesiphumo esikhankanywe ngasentla, ukunyanzeliswa kubonakala kubandakanyeka ngendlela encinci kwi-hypersexual [CSBD].

Kwisifundo esinye, ukunyanzeliswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwahlolisiswa ngokubhekisele kwiinkcenkcazo zoononophelo ezinobungozi phakathi kwabantu, kubonisa ubudlelwane obuhle kodwa obuthathaka. Xa uphando ngumbono onzima, ulwalamano oluphakathi kokunyanzeliswa ngokubanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa koonografi olunengxaki lwaluxhatshazwa ngumlutha wesondo kunye noxilongo lwe-intanethi, kunye nokulutha komlingo ngokubanzi. Kuthathwe ndawonye, ​​imibutho phakathi kokunyanzeliswa kunye nokuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo kunye nokusetyenziswa komngcipheko kubonakala kunzima.

Kukhona ingxoxo ekhoyo ngokuphathelele indlela engcono ngayo yokuqwalasela ukuziphatha okubi ngokwesini (njengokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini kunye nokusetyenziswa koonografi okunengxaki), kunye neendlela ezikhuphisanayo eziphakamisa izigaba njengemingcipheko yokulawulwa kwempembelelo, ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yokunyanzelisa, okanye izilingo zokuziphatha. Ubudlelwane phakathi kweziganeko zokutshintshana kunye nokunyanzeliswa kunye neengxaki zokuziphatha ngokwesini kufuneka zixelele ezo ngcamango, nangona zombini ukunyaniseka nokunyanzeliswa kuye kwabandakanywa kwizilwalathiso.

Ukufumanisa ukuba ukungahambisani nokuziphatha kakubi ngokumalunga nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini kunika inkxaso ekusetyenzisweni kweengxaki zokuziphatha ngokwesondo (njengoko kucetyiswa i-ICD-11; I-World Health Organization njengengxaki yokulawula okanye njengomlutha wokuziphatha. Ekuqwalaseleni ezinye iingxaki ezicetywayo njengengxaki yokulawula impulse (umz., Ukuphazamiseka okuqhutyelwayo, i-pyromania, ne-kleptomania) kunye iziganeko eziphambili zengxaki yokuziphatha ngokwesondo kunye neengxaki ezicetywayo ngenxa yokuziphatha okuluthayo (umzekelo, ukugembula kunye neengxaki zokudlala), ukuhlelwa kweengxaki zokuziphatha zesondo ngokwesimo sokuziphatha candelo lokugqibela ibonakala ibhetele. (Ugxininiso olunikeziweyo)

Ekugqibeleni, zonke iimvavanyo zenyama kunye neuropsychological ezipapashwe kubasebenzisi bezononono kunye nabaxhamli be-porn (ezidla ngokubhekiselele njenge-CSB) zichaze iziphumo ezihambelanayo nemodeli yokulutha (njengokuba izifundo zophando zokunyuka okanye ukunyamezela).

kwi 2016 UGeorge F. Koob kwaye Nora D. Volkow  bapapaphononononongo lwabo oluphawulekayo I-New England Journal of Medicine: I-Neurobiologic Intuthuko evela kwi-Brain Disease Model of Addiction. U-Koob unguMlawuli weSizwe soNxila kuTywala nokuTywala (iNIAAA), kunye noVolkow ngumlawuli weSizwe seSizwe sokuLawulwa kweziyobisi (NIDA). Eli phepha lichaza inguqu enkulu yengqondo echaphazelekayo kunye nezidakamizwa zokuziphatha, ngelixa lichaza kwisiqendu sokuqala ukuba izidakamizwa zokuziphatha ngokwesondo:

Siya kugqiba ekubeni i-neuroscience iyaqhubeka isondeza umzekelo wesifo sengqondo somlutha. Ucwaningo lwe-neuroscience kule ndawo aliniki nje ngamathuba amatsha okuthintela kunye nokunyangwa kwezidakamizwa kunye nezidakamizwa eziphathekayo zokuziphatha (umzekelo, ukutya, isini, kunye nokugembula) ....

Iphepha leVolkow kunye neKoob lichaze utshintsho olusisiseko olunxulumene neziyobisi, ezi: 1) Sensitization, 2) Ukuxhatshazwa, 3) Izijikelezo ezingasebenzi (unobungqina), i-4) Inkqubo yokuxinzelela ingxaki. Zonke i-4 zale nguqu zengqondo ziye zafunyanwa phakathi kwezinto ezininzi zezobugcisa kunye ne-neuropsychological ezibhalwe kuyo eli phepha:

  • Izifundo zokunika ingxelo ngovakalelo (cue-reactivity kunye neminqweno) kubasebenzisi be-porn / iziyobisi ngokwesondo: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.
  • Izifundo zokubika ukungabonakali okanye ukuhlala (kubangele ukunyamezela) kubasebenzisi bezesono / izilwanyana zesini: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
  • Izifundo ezixela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesigqeba sokusebenza (hypofrontality) okanye umsebenzi otshintshiweyo wangaphambili kubasebenzisi be-porn / iziyobisi ngokwesondo: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17.
  • Izifundo ezibonisa inkqubo yokunyanzeliswa kakubi kwabasebenzisi bezesono / izilonda zesini: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Ukuxhaswa kobungqina obunxulumene ne-CSBD kufana nesimo sokuxhatshazwa.

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I-EXXERPT #17: Abasebenzisi bezononono bafumana ukuhoxiswa kunye nokunyamezela

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Umzekelo, imizobo baqikelele iimpawu zokuhoxiswa, kodwa imodeli yokunyanzeliswa ayifuni ukuqikelela ukuhoxiswa. Iimodeli zengqondo baqikelele ukukhuseleka okunamandla ukulibazisa izigqibo okanye ukulibazisa ukuzonwabisa okulindelekileyo, kanti ukunyanzeliswa kwamanqaku okuqikelela ukuqikelela ukunyamezela, ukunyamezela.

RE: impawu zokuhoxiswa. Inyani yile, iimpawu zokurhoxa azifuneki ekuchongeni ukuba likhoboka lotywala. Kuqala, uyakufumana ulwimi "ukunyamezelana okanye ukurhoxa kuyimfuneko okanye kwanele ukuxilongwa…" kwiDSM-IV-TR nakwiDSM-5. Okwesibini, ukubanga ukuba "iziyobisi zokwenyani" zibangela ukurhoxa okubeka emngciphekweni iimpawu zokurhoxa ngempazamo ukuxhomekeka komzimba kunye inguqu enxulumene neziyobisi. Ingqungquthela yokuhlaziywa kweencwadi ze-2015 inikeza inkcazelo engakumbi yobugcisa (I-neuroscience ye-Intanethi yezoLimo: Ukuhlaziya nokuhlaziywa):

Ingongoma ephambili kweli nqanaba kukuba ukuhoxiswa akukona ngemiphumo yomzimba evela kwinto ethile. Kunoko, lo mzekelo ulungisa ukuhoxiswa ngefuthe elibi elibangelwa kwinkqubo engentla. Iimvakalelo ezinzulu ezifana nokuxhalaba, ukuxinezeleka, i-dysphoria, kunye nokugwenxa zibonakalisa ukuhoxiswa kule modeli yomlutha [43,45]. Abaphandi abachasene nombono wokuziphatha okuba ngumlutha badla ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukungaqondi kakuhle lo mbandela ogqithisileyo, ukudibanisa ukuxothwa ngokuxilongwa [46,47].

Akukho Prause, Klein, okanye uKhut owake wakhicilela isifundo somlutha, kwaye ibonisa. Xa ebanga ukuba iimpawu zokurhoxisa kunye nokunyamezela kufuneka zibe khona ukuxilonga umlutha abenza i-rookie iphutha lokudideka ukuxhomekeke emzimbeni kunye likhoboka. Le migaqo ayifani ngokufanayo.

Umzekelo, izigidi zabantu zithatha amanqanaba aphezulu angapheliyo amayeza anje nge-opioids yentlungu engapheliyo, okanye i-prednisone yeemeko ezizimeleyo. Ubuchopho babo kunye nezicubu zixhomekeke kubo, kwaye ukupheliswa kwangoko kokusetyenziswa kunokubangela ukurhoxa okukhulu kweempawu. Nangona kunjalo abanyanzelekanga ukuba babe ngamakhoboka. Iziyobisi zibandakanya iinguqu ezininzi ezichongiweyo zobuchopho ezikhokelela kwinto esiyaziyo ngokuba yi "phenotype yokulutha". Ukuba umahluko awucacanga, ndicebisa oku Inkcazo elula yeNIDA:

Ukuba likhoboka — okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi gwenxa ngaphandle kweziphumo eziyingozi — kubonakala ngokungakwazi ukuyeka ukusebenzisa iziyobisi; ukusilela ukuhlangabezana nomsebenzi, intlalontle, okanye uxanduva losapho; kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha (kuxhomekeke kwichiza), unyamezelo kunye nokurhoxa. Le yokugqibela ibonisa ukuxhomekeka emzimbeni apho umzimba uziqhelanisa neziyobisi, ufuna ngaphezulu ukuze ufezekise isiphumo esithile (ukunyamezelana) kunye nokukhuthaza iimpawu ezithile zomzimba okanye zengqondo ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kuyekiswe ngesiquphe (ukurhoxa). Ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemzimbeni kunokwenzeka ngokusetyenziswa okungapheliyo kwamachiza-kubandakanya amayeza amaninzi amiselweyo, nokuba athathwe njengoko kuyalelwe. Ke, ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemzimbeni ngaphakathi kwaye ngokwako akubalulekanga, kodwa kuhlala kuhamba neziyobisi.

Oko kwathiwa, yophando lwe-intanethi kwaye ezininzi iingxelo bonise ukuba abanye abasebenzisi bezonyango bafumana amava rhoxiswa kunye / okanye unyamezelo - ezihlala ziimpawu zokuxhomekeka komzimba. Ngapha koko, abasebenzisi be-porn ababesoloko bexela rhoqo ukuba banobuzaza obumangalisayo iimpawu zokuhoxiswa, ezikhunjulwayo zokurhoxiswa kwezidakamizwa: ukulala, ukukhathazeka, ukunyanzeliswa, ukuguquka kwemizwa, iintloko, ukungabikho nto, ukugxinwa, ukunyamezela, ukuxinezeleka, ukukhubazeka kwezenhlalakahle kunye nokulahlekelwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-libido efana nabafana 'flatline' (ngokucacileyo eyingqayizivele yokuxothwa koononophelo). Esinye isibonakaliso sokuxhomekeka komzimba esibikwe ngabasebenzisi bezentlebisi kuyimfuneko yokuba uononophelo ufumane ukulungiswa okanye ube ne-orgasm.

Ukutshintsha iileyibhile (CSBD) okanye “imodeli” (okt ukunganyanzeleki) okusetyenziswe kwaba basebenzisi ayiziguquli ezona mpawu zichazayo. (Jonga Kutheni ukuhoxiswa ekugqithisweni koononopopayi kubonakala ngathi? kwaye le PDF ineengxelo “iimpawu zokuhoxiswa. "

Inkxaso ye-Empirical? Lonke uphando olwenziweyo, lwaxela iimpawu zokurhoxa: Izifundo ezili-10 ezixela iimpawu zokurhoxa kubasebenzisi be-porn. Umzekelo, qwalasela le grafu kwisifundo sika-2017 esenza ingxelo ngokuqulunqwa nokuvavanywa kwe i-questionnotes problem using questionnaire. Qaphela ukuba ubungqina obuninzi bokuthi "ukunyamezela" kunye "nokuhoxiswa" kufunyenwe kubasebenzisi abasengozini kunye nabasebenzisi abasengozini.

klein

Iphepha le-2018 elichazwe ngalo Uphuhliso kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-Bergen-Yale Sex Addiction Scale ngeSampula enkulu kaZwelonke kuvavanye ukurhoxa nokunyamezelana. Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo "zokulutha ngokwesondo" ezibonwe kwizifundo yayikukuqina / ukunqwenela kunye nokunyamezelana, kodwa ezinye izinto, kubandakanya ukurhoxa, zikwabonakalisile. Izifundo ezongezelelweyo ezinika ubungqina bokurhoxa okanye ukunyamezelana zezi qo kelelwe apha.

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I-EXXERPT #18: Inqaku elithi "Business Insider" konke onako ukuxhasa ibango lakho eliyintloko?

XETHA I-EXCERPT: "Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo" kwakuchanekileyo ingabandakanywa kwi-ICD-11 ubungqina obaneleyo. Esi sigqibo sihambelana nemibono zintandathu zobugcisa mibutho kliniki kunye ubuchule bokuphanda, ekwafumanisa ubungqina obaneleyo bokuxhasa imbono yokuba isondo okanye i-porn isilutha.

Ngokumalunga nesibango sokuba, "Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo" kwakuchanekileyo ingabandakanywa kwi-ICD-11 ubungqina obaneleyo, ewe, yayingeyiyo. Njengoko kuchaziwe kwenye indawo, akukho ICD-11 okanye i-APA's DSM-5 eyakha yasebenzisa igama elithi “likhoboka” ukuchaza umlutha- nokuba kukungcakaza, okanye likhoboka le-heroin. Zombini izihloko zeencwadana zokuxilonga ezinje ngoxilongo njengezi “ngxaki” endaweni yoko. (Iinkcukacha malunga nokukhutshwa okwahlukileyo komzuzu wokugqibela we "Hypersexual Disorder" kwi-DSM-5 zifunyenwe apha ngasentla phantsi kweNgcaciso # 1. Nokuba yeyiphi).

Ngokuphathelele ikhonkco yokuqala, iya kwifutshane I-Business Insider inqaku, kungekhona kwi-WHO esemthethweni. Ilungile lo nto. Imidiya eyaziwayo yiyo yonke Slate Inqaku linikezela ukuxhasa umnqweno wababhali. Nangona kunjalo, uPrause / Klein / Kohut bekufanele ukuba ulifundile eli nqaku ngaphambi kokuthembela kulo, njengoko usosayensi ekuphela kwakhe ocatshulweyo esithi ukuba neziyobisi zikho:

I-Endocrinologist uRobert Lustig xelelwe I-Business Insider ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka izinto ezininzi ezinokuzisa iimvakalelo zokonwaba, njengokuthenga, ukutya, ukudlala imidlalo yevidiyo, ukusebenzisa iphonografi, kunye nokusebenzisa imithombo yeendaba zentlalo zonke zinokubakho xa zinokugqithiselwa. "Yenza into efanayo kwinkqubo yakho ye-nervous system njengoko zonke iziyobisi zenza," watsho. “Ayenzi kuphela le nkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Oko akuyenzi ukuba ingabi likhoboka. Isengumlutha, kodwa kukuba likhoboka ngaphandle kwempembelelo. ”

Kutheni kungenjalo Slate Inqaku linxibelelwano kwiphepha lezenzululwazi, njengale le 2017 Lancet incwadi yenkcazo, ebhaliswe ngabakwa-CSBD ilungu lomsebenzi weqela le-CSB Kraan, Ph.D? Ewe, kuba Lancet Uhlalutyo uthi ubungqina obucacileyo isekela I-CSBD ikwahlulelwa njengengxaki yomlutha:

Siyakholelwa ukuba udidi lwesifo sengqondo sokunyanzelisa ngokwesondo njengengxaki yokulahla i-addictive disorder ihambelana nedatha yakutshanje kwaye inokuncedisa iikliniki, abaphandi kunye nabantu abachaphazelekayo kwaye bachaphazelekayo ngokwabo.

Ii-ICD-11's Ukuxhatshazwa kwezesondo zoMzimba ukuxilongwa kungaphantsi kweengxaki zokulawula ukuphazamiseka kwangoku, kodwa oko kungatshintshwa kwixesha elizayo, njengoko kwenzayo ukuGembula Disorder. Ngaphakathi eli nqaku elixanduva licaphula abameli be-WHO, Amagqabantshintshi e-Kraus avule ithuba lokuba i-CSBD ekugqibeleni ibekwe kwicandelo "lokuPhazamiseka ngenxa yokuziThandela" icandelo le-World Health Organisation's diagnostic manual.

Kwaye njengoko uKraus ebeka, "Akuyiyo isisombululo sokugqibela, kodwa yindawo enokuqala yokuphanda nophando loluntu kubantu."

Noba yintoni nina okanye umnikeli wakho wezempilo ufuna ukuyibiza- "ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini," "umlutha wobugqwetha," "ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo," "ukuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo," "umlutha we-cybersex" - ukuba iimpawu zokuziphatha ziwela phantsi kwe "Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder" Inkcazo, imeko inokuchongwa kusetyenziswa i-ICD-11 ikhowudi ye-CSBD.

Uthi: "Imibutho emithandathu yobungcali." Enyanisweni, i Slate Inqaku linikezela ii-3 izixhumanisi "kwimibutho yobugcisa" kwaye enye iqhagamshelana ne-2012 David Ley yeposi yeblog malunga ne-DSM-5 yokushiya ingxaki ye-Hypersexual Disorder (exoxwa phantsi #1). Masiqwalasele le nkxaso inesandi esimangalisayo.

Xhumanisa #1: Ikhonkco iya kwi-2016 AASECT isimemezelo. I-AASECT ayikho inzululwazi kwaye ayikhankanyi nto ukuxhasa izibhengezo kwi-press release yayo-enikela ingcamango yayo engenanto.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuba isimemezelo se-AASECT sagxininiswa nguMichael Aaron kunye namanye amalungu angama-AASECT asebenzisa "amaqhinga okugwenxa" njengoko uAron avumile kule Psychology Namhlanje post blog: Uhlalutyo: Indlela ye-AASECT yokuLawulwa kweziTyhulo zoThatywayo yenziwe njani. Ingqungquthela kulolu hlalutyo Ukuqulunqwa kwe-AASECT "Isikhundla sokuLungiswa koTywala, shwa nkathela i-post ye-blog yebhanki:

Ukufumana ukunyamezelwa kwe-AASECT "yemodeli yokulutha ngokwesondo" ukuba ibe "kukuhanahanisa okunzulu," kwi-2014 uGqirha Aaron waqala ukuphelisa inkxaso yenkolelo "yokulutha ngokwesondo" kwinqanaba le-AASECT. Ukufezekisa injongo yakhe, uGqr.Aaron ubanga ukuba wahlwayela ngabom ukuphikisana phakathi kwamalungu e-AASECT ukuze aveze abo banezimvo ezingavumelaniyo nezakhe, emva koko abethe cwaka ezo mbono ngelixa eqhuba umbutho ukwala ukwaliwa umzekelo. ” UGqr. Aaron wazithethelela ngokusebenzisa la "mkreqi, guerilla [Sic] amaqhinga "ngokucinga ukuba wayechasene ne" shishini elicebisayo "labaxhasi" kwindlela yokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo "ezo zinto ziyakumthintela ukuba angabakhupheli ecaleni lakhe. Kunoko, ukwenza "utshintsho olukhawulezayo" kwi-AASECT "imilayezo," wazama ukuqinisekisa ukuba amazwi omlomo wesigxina soxhatshazo ayengabandakanywa kwizinto eziphathekayo kwiinkalo ze-AASECT.

Ukuqhayisa kukaDkt. Aaron kuvela njengento encinci. Abantu abanqabiseko ngokukhawuleza, baninzi ukuvakalisa, ukunyusa ingxoxo yezemfundo kunye nesayensi. Kwaye kubonakala kungenangqondo ukuba uDkt. Aaron wasebenzisa ixesha kunye nemali yokuba yi-CST eqinisekisiwe yintlangano eyayiyibona "inkohliso enzulu" emva kokujoyina (ukuba kungekhona ngaphambili). Ukuba nantoni na, nguDkt Aaron obonakalisa uhanahanisi xa egxeka "inkqubo yokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo" kwiingcali zokufumana utyalo-mali kwi "sex model model", xa, ngokucacileyo, unalo utsalo-mali olufanayo ekukhuthazeni umbono wakhe ochasayo

Iincwadana ezichazayo kunye neengcaphephe zibonisa ukuvakaliswa kwe-AASECT ukuba yintoni ngokwenene: ezopolitiko zesini:

Xhumanisa #2: Ikhonkco liya kwingxelo yoMbutho woNyango lwaBantu abaXhatshaziweyo ngokwesondo (ATSA). Akukho ndawo apho ingxelo yesikhundla icebisa ukuba iziyobisi azikho. Endaweni yokuba i-ATSA isikhumbuze ukuba isenzo sokuziphatha ngokwesondo esingavumiyo kukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo (umzekelo, uHarvey Weinstein) kwaye “kungenzeka… hayi isiphumo sokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo.” Kuyinyani ngokuqinisekileyo.

Xhumanisa #3: Ikhonkco iya kwi-Novemba, i-2017 isitatimenti sesikhundla ngamanyano angama-kink. Ububungqina babecacile buchaphazeleka ngokugqithiseleyo kumgca kwi-critic elandelayo: Ukuphazamiseka kwephepha elithi "isikhundla seqela" elichasayo noonomdla kunye noxhatshazo ngokwesini (ngoNovemba, 2017).

Ngokuqinisekileyo, kubonakala ukuba zombini i-AASECT kunye nemibutho ye-3 kink ivelise izibhengezo zabo kwimigudu enzima yokumisa ukuxilongwa kwe "CSBD" entsha ukuya kwi-ICD-11. Ngokucacileyo, iingcali kwiWorld Health Organisation azithathwanga yile tiger yamaphepha ayenziweyo ngokudibeneyo, njengokuchongwa okutsha ibonakala kwinguqu yokusetyenziswa ye-ICD-11.

Xhumanisa #4: Isixhumanisi siya Ulwaphulo lwezesondo: Unqatshelwe kwakhona kwakhona nge-APA. I-Disorder Sex Disorder IYA KUYA KUFAKWA kwi-DSM5. Iposi likaDavid Ley liphawulekayo kuba libonisa isicatshulwa esetyhula esebenza kulo lonke Slate inqaku li-Ally's close allies. Xa i-DSM-5 yalahla ukuxilongwa kwe-ambulence "I-Hypersexual Disorder" Ley kunye ne-chums yakhe yambesa njengokuba "Ulwaphulo lwezesondo. ” Kodwa xa i-ICD-11 ibandakanya ukuxilongwa kwesambulela se "Compulsive Sexual Behaeve Disorder" bayipeyinta njenge ngaphandle "Ulwaphulo lwezesondo. "Kutheni ukhathazeka ngokungahambelani kwangaphakathi, kunene? Yithi nje abamnyama bamhlophe, kwaye baphinda kwii-tweets, kwizintlu kunye ne-Facebook kunye namanqaku afana nalesi ngu-Klein / Kohut / Prause.

Okulandelayo, buyisela i-spin yakho usebenzisa i-PR ebizayo. Inokwenza wena kunye nepropaganda yakho ibekwe kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zemithombo yeendaba, ikuzisa njengeengcali zehlabathi. Ayinamsebenzi nokuba awusosifundiswa, awuzange ube neyunivesithi iminyaka, okanye ufumane i-PhD yakho kwiziko le-Sexology elingavunywanga.

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IINGCACISO # 15 & # 19: I sifunda kuphela ukudibanisa "ukuzibonakalisa njengomlutha wezilonda" kunye neeyure zokusetyenziswa, inkolo kunye nokunyaniseka kokuziphatha wafumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa koonobumba bekuseyona ndlela eyona nto ingcono kakhulu yokukholelwa ukuba unomlutha woononografi

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Xa uthetha entliziyweni yomcimbi, enye yezona ngxaki ezinkulu kubasebenzisi bezentloni zihlazo. Ihlazo malunga nokujonga iifilimu zezesondo zixutywa kuluntu ngoshishino lwezokwelapha ngokwezondo (inzuzo), ngamaphephandaba (ngokukhawuleza), nangamaqela enkolo (ukulawula ubulili). Ngelishwa, nokuba ukholelwa ukubukela i-porn kufanelekile okanye akunjalo, ukunyanzela ukujonga i-sex-movie kungabangela ukuba yingxaki. Enyanisweni, a inani elinyukayo lophando bonisa ukuba abaninzi abantu abachonga ngokuba "izilwanyana ezingcolileyo" abayibukeli iifilimu zesondo ngaphezu kwabanye abantu. Baziva bazihlazo ngakumbi ngeendlela zabo zokuziphatha, ezidibaniswa nokukhula kwintlalo yonqulo okanye ekhuselayo.

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Isigqibo sokubandakanya ukunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo kwi-ICD-11 sisibetha ngokungathandekiyo kuba imigaqo echongiweyo ekhethiweyo ayizange ihlolwe. Ngokukodwa, i-ICD-11 sithi nabani ekhathazekile malunga zokuziphatha ngokusoloko ngokwesondo ngenxa kuphela ukuba "sizahlulele kunye angakholiswa malunga neemvakalelo ngokwesini, likhuthaza, okanye zokuziphatha" mabangezi kokuxilongwa. Nangona kunjalo, izigwebo zokuziphatha kunye nokungavumi Ziziqheliso eziqinileyo zomntu okholelwa ukuba banomlutha woononografi kwindawo yokuqala.

Oku kulandelayo impendulo ehlangeneyo kwii-15 kunye ne-19 njengoko bobabini bajongana nombuzo othile we-pornography (CPUI-9) kunye nezifundo ezizisebenzisayo.

Phawula: Ibango elibalulekileyo elifakwe kuzo zombini iincinci libuxoki njengoko kukho isifundo esisodwa esisodwa esihambelana nokuzibonakalisa njengomntu osisilonda sezilonda kunye neeyure zokusetyenziswa, inkolo kunye nokunyaniseka kokuziphatha kakubi. Iziphumo zalo ziphikisana nengxelo eyakhiwe ngononophelo malunga "nokulutha okubonakalayo" (ukuba "iziyobisi ezingamanyala zihlazo ngokwenkolo / ukungamkeleki kwezokuziphatha") - esekwe kwizifundo ezisebenzisa
isixhobo esichaphazelekayo esibizwa ngokuba ngu-CPUI-9. Kwisifundo esisodwa esilungelelaniswayo, ulungelelwano oluqinileyo kunye nokuzijonga njengelomlutha iiyure zokusebenzisa iidemon. Inkolo yayingenanto, kwaye nangona kwakukho ukulungelelaniswa phakathi kokuzibona njengento engumlutha kunye nokuziphatha okungathandabuzekiyo malunga nokusetyenziswa koononophelo, kwakukho isiqingatha ukulungiswa kweeyure zokusetyenziswa.

Lapha sichaza iincwadana ezimfutshane zemibuzo ye-Joshua Grubbs (CPUI-9), inkolelo ye "ukukhwabanisa okubonakalayo," kwaye yintoni na into efanelekileyo ebonisa ngayo. Ekubeni oku kubandakanya i-intanethi eyinkimbinkimbi neyongqambileyo eneendlela ezininzi, ezi zihloko zintathu kunye nomboniso zenziwa ukuchaza ngokucacileyo izifundo ze-CPUI-9:

Ukuqonda indlela Uphando oluchanekileyo-uphando olulungelelanisa luyaphazamisa zonke izifundo ze-CPUI-9, imvelaphi engaphezulu iyanceda. Ibinzana elithi "ukubonwa kwezilwanyana ezingcolileyo" lingabonakali nto ngaphandle kwenani: amanqaku amaninzi kwi-9-itemographical item-usetyenziso lwemibuzo ngemibuzo yayo emithathu. Ingqiqo ebalulekileyo kukuba iPCUI-9 iquka i-3 "ityala kunye neentloni / ukukhathazeka kwengqondo" ayifumaneki kwizixhobo zomlutha. Ezi zihlawula iziphumo zayo, kubangela abasebenzisi bezononografi benkolo ukuba banqamle abasebenzisi abangaphezulu kunye nabangabonqulo ukuba bahlasele ngaphantsi kwezifundo zenzeke kwiimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zokuhlola izilwanyana. Ayicwangcisi ingqolowa kumququ ngokwe yaqonda vs. ngokwenene umlutha. Akunakuphinda uhlole i-CPUI-9 ngokwenene umlutha wezobisi ngokuchanekileyo.

Icandelo lokuXhotyiswa koBunyanzeliso

  1. Ndiyakholwa ukuba ndiyilwaphulo loonografi.
  2. Ndiziva ndikwazi ukuyeka ukusetyenziswa kwimizila engamanyala e-intanethi.
  3. Nangona ndifuni ukujonga iifrafikhi kwi-intanethi, ndivakalelwa kuyo

Icandelo lokuPhumelela kweSigaba

  1. Ngamanye amaxesha, ndizama ukulungiselela ishedyuli yam ukuze ndibe yedwa ukuze ndibukele iiporografi.
  2. Ndenqabile ukuphuma kunye nabahlobo okanye ukuya kwimisebenzi ethile yentlalo ukuze ndibe nethuba lokujonga imifanekiso engamanyala.
  3. Ndiyekile izinto ezibalulekileyo ekujongeni imifanekiso engamanyala.

Uxinzelelo lwengqondo

  1. Ndiyintloni emva kokubukela iifoto zoononophelo kwi-intanethi
  2. Ndiziva ndixinezelekile emva kokubukela iphonografi kwi-intanethi.
  3. [Kwaye] Ndiziva ndigula emva kokubukela iphonografi kwi-Intanethi.

Izifundo azizange "zibhalwe ngokwazo njengezilonda zoononopopayi" nasiphi na isifundo seGrubbs: Baphendula kuphela imibuzo ye-9 ngasentla, kwaye bafumana amanqaku amanqaku.

Igama elithi "ukubonwa kweziyobisi ezingamanyala" liyalahlekisa ngokugqithileyo, kuba linqaku nje elingenantsingiselo kwisixhobo esivelisa iziphumo ezibi. Kodwa abantu banayo kuthathwa Baqonda ukuba kuthetha ntoni "ukubonwa njengekhoboka". Bacinga ukuba oko kwakuthetha ukuba umyili we-CPUI-9, iGrubbs, wayefumene indlela yokwahlula "umlutha" wokwenene "nenkolelo yokuba likhoboka." Wayengenayo. Wayesandula ukunika iilebheli ezikhohlisayo "kwi-inventri yakhe yokusebenzisa i-porn," i-CPUI-9. I-Grubbs ayenzanga mzamo wokulungisa iingcamango ezingalunganga malunga nomsebenzi wakhe owenziwe ngamajelo eendaba, eqhutywa ngabantu abachasayo abasebenza ngokwesini kunye nabasasazi babo.

Iintatheli eziphosakeleyo zidibanisa ngephutha iziphumo ze-CPUI-9 njenge:

  • Ukukholelwa ekugqithisweni koononopopayi kuyimvelaphi yeengxaki zakho, kungekhona ukusetyenziswa koonwabo.
  • Abasebenzisi bezononophelo baseNtsholongwane abasenakudlwengula kwi-porn (nangona bafumana amanqaku aphakamileyo kwi-Grubbs CPUI-9) - ba nehlazo.

Isitixo: Imibuzo yokubandezeleka ngokweemvakalelo (i-7-9) ibangela ukuba abasebenzisi bezononophelo bezenkolo bafumane amanqaku aphezulu kakhulu kunye nabasebenzisi be-porn ukuba bafumane amanqaku asezantsi, kunye nokwenza ulungelelwaniso olomeleleyo phakathi "kokungamkeleki kokuziphatha" kunye nenqaku elipheleleyo le-CPUI-9 ("ukubonwa njengekhoboka") . Ukubeka enye indlela, ukuba usebenzisa kuphela iziphumo ezivela kwi-CPUI-9 imibuzo 1-6 (ehlola iimpawu neempawu ngokwenene umlutha), ulungelelaniso luyatshintsha kakhulu - kwaye onke amanqaku angathandabuzekiyo athi ukunyaniseka kukuba "okwenene" kubangela ukuba umlutha woononopopayi awusoze wabhalwa.

Ukujonga ezinye ezimbalwa zokubambisana, masisebenzise idatha kwiphepha le-2015 Grubbs ("Ukugqithisa njengoMlutha: Ukukholelwa kobuNkokeli kunye nokuNqabileyo koMgaqo njengamaqhinga okuLungisa ukuTyekiswa koTyhila"). Iquka izifundo ze-3 ezahlukeneyo kunye nesihloko sayo esichukumisayo sikhombisa ukuba inkolo kunye nokunyaniseka kokuziphatha "kubangelwa" inkolelo yokulahla iinthombe zoonografi.

Iingcebiso zokuqonda amanani kwitafile: i-zero ithetha ukuba akukho ukulungiswa phakathi kweenguqu ezimbini; I-1.00 ithetha ukulungelelaniswa okupheleleyo phakathi kweenguqu ezimbini. Inkulu kakhulu inani elomeleleyo ukulungelelanisa phakathi kweenguqu ze-2.

Kule ngqamaniso yokuqala sibona indlela ukunyaniseka kokuziphatha kulungelelana ngayo ne-3 ityala kunye neentloni imibuzo (Ukukhathazeka Ngokomzwelo), kodwa unobuthakathaka namanye amacandelo amabini ahlola umlutha wangempela (imibuzo 1-6). Imibuzo yokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo ibangela ukunyaniseka kokuziphatha ukuba yiyona ndlela iqineleyo yeengxelo ze-CPUI-9 ("umlutha obonakalayo").

Kodwa ukuba sisebenzisa kuphela i-1-6 imibuzo ye-addicate (XNUMX-XNUMX).

Isiqingatha sesibini sebali kukuba indlela efanayo yoxinzelelo lwe3 ye-XLUMX ihambanisa ngayo amanqanaba okusetyenziswa koononophelo, ngelixa imibuzo engumlingo wobugqwetha (1-6) ihambelanise ngokukhululeka ngamanqanaba okusetyenziswa koonobumba.

Yile ndlela i-3 Distress Emotional Questions iphendule ngayo iziphumo. Zikhokelela ekunxulumaniseni phakathi kwe "iiyure zokusetyenziswa kweetyala" kunye namaqela amaninzi e-CPUI-9 ("umlutha obonakalayo"). Emva koko, inani elipheleleyo lazo zonke ii-3 ze-CPUI-9 vavanyo libizwa ngokugqithisileyo ngokuthi "ukulutha okubonakalayo" yiGrubbs. Emva koko, ezandleni ze-anti-porn-addict-activists, "ukuzithengiswa komzimba" "ukuzibonakalisa njengomlutha wezonyango." Abavukeli baye baxhamla ngokulungelelaniswa okunamandla kunye ne-CUI-9 rhoqo ivelisa, kwaye presto! Bathi ngoku bathi, "inkolelo yokuxhatshazwa kobulili ayiyonto nje!"

Yindlu yamakhadi akhiwe kwi-3 ityala kunye nombuzo wehlazo ongenakunikwa nayiphi na enye uvavanyo lokuxilonga, ekudibaniseni nexesha elilahlekayo lomdali wemibuzo ebonisa ukuba i-9 imibuzo yakhe (njengomlinganiselo "wokubona umlutha we-pornography").

Indlu yeCCUI-9 yamakhadi yawa phantsi kunye novavanyo lwe-2017 oluninzi lukhubaza i-CPUI-9 njengesixhobo sokuvavanya "ukukhwabanisa okubonakalayo" Ngaba i-Cyber ​​Pornography Sebenzisa i-Inventory-izikolo ze-9 zibonakalisa ukunyanzeliswa okwenene kwi-Intanethi ye-Iphonyayili? Ukuqwalasela indima yokuzilahla. Kwakhona kwafumanisa ukuba i-1 / 3 imibuzo ye-CPUI-9 kufuneka ikhutshwe iziphumo ezichanekileyo "ezichasayo zokuziphatha," "inkolo yonqulo," kunye ne "iiyure zokusetyenziswa koonwabo." Uyabona zonke iinkcazo eziphambili apha, Kodwa Fernandez et al., 2018 ubalwa izinto:

Okwesibini, ukufunyaniswa kwethu kukuphazamisa ukufaneleka kokubandakanywa koxinzelelo lwengqondo njengengxenye ye-CPUI-9. Njengoko zifunyenwe ngokubanzi kwizifundo ezininzi (umz., I-Grubbs et al., I-2015a, c), iziphumo zethu zibonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-IP kwakungekho ulwalamano kunye neengxaki zokukhathazeka ezingqondweni. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ukunyanzeliswa kwangempela njengoko kucatshulwa kwisifundo samanje (ukuhluleka ukuzama ukuziyeka ukuzithiba) ukungazibandakanyi nobudlelwane kunye neengxaki zokukhathazeka ngokomzwelo.

Imiba yokukhathazeka ngokwemvakalelo yayibhalwe ngokucacileyo ngokunyaniseka kokuziphatha, ngokuhambelana nezifundo zangaphambilini ezifumene ukuhlukana okukhulu phakathi kwezi zibini (Grubbs et al., 2015a; Wilt et al., 2016) .... Ngaloo ndlela, ukufakwa koxinzelelo lwe-Emotional Distress subscale njengenxalenye ye-CPUI-9 inokuthi ifake iziphumo ngendlela echaphazela ukuba ngabafundi be-IP abanokuziphatha kakubi kweefografi, kwaye bayichaphazela amanqaku amaninzi e-adware abasebenzisi abanezikolo eziphakamileyo zokunyanzelisa, kodwa ukungafuni ukuziphatha kakubi kweefografi.

Oku kungenxa yokuba i-Distcale Distress ye-Emotional isekelwe kwinqanaba le-original "Igunya" eliye laphuhliswa ekusebenziseni ngokukhethekileyo kunye nabahlali benkolo (i-Grubbs et al., I-2010), kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo ngabantu abangabonqulo abahlala bengenakuqinisekiswa ngenxa yokufunyanwa okulandelayo ezihlobene nale nqanaba.

Nanku oku le Ukufumana okusemqoka: Imibuzo ye-3 "Yeengxaki Zengqondo" akukho ndawo kwi-CPUI-9, okanye nayiphi na imibuzo yoluhlu lwezonyango. Le mibuzo yecala kunye neentloni hayi ukuvavanya uxinzelelo olujikelezisayo ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana ezingasetyenziswanga okanye "ukujonga umlutha." Le mibuzo ye-3 imane ifake i-CPUI-9 amanqaku apheleleyo kubantu abanonqulo xa ichitha i-CPUI-9 amanqaku angama-porn addicts.

Isishwankathelo, izigqibo kunye namabango azaliswe yi-CPUI-9 ayifanelekanga. UYoshuwa Grubbs wadala i-questionnaire engakwaziyo, kwaye akuzange kuqinisekiswe, ukukhetha "ukuqonda" ukusuka kumlutha wangempela: i-CPUI-9. nge ukulungiswa kwezenzululwazi zero he zibhalwa kwakhona I-CPUI-9 njengolu hlobo lwemibuzo yoluhlu lwezonyango.

Ngenxa yokuba i-CPUI-9 ifake i-3 imibuzo engaphandle ehlola isohlwayo kunye nehlazo, Abasebenzisi bezononophelo zezenzo ze-CPUI-9 bavame ukuhlaselwa phezulu. Ubuninzi bamaziko aphezulu e-CPUI-9 abasebenzisi bezonqulo bezonqulo babesondliwa kumajelo ashicilelo njengokuba "Abantu benkolo bakholelwa ngokukhohlisa ukuba banomlutha woononophala. "Oku kwalandelwa zifundo ezininzi ukudibanisa ukuziphatha okubi kunye neenombolo ze-CPUI-9. Ekubeni abantu benkolo njengamaqela amanqaku aphakamileyo ekukhutshweni kokuziphatha, kwaye (ngoko) i-CPUI-9 iyonke, kwabizwa (ngaphandle kwenkxaso yangempela) ukuba ukunyaniseka kwezenzo zokunqula unqulo oyinyaniso imbangela yokuxhatshazwa koonografi. Oku kunqabileyo, kwaye kungabonakali njengento yesayensi.

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I-EXXERPT #20: Isifundo esityholwa ngokusebenzisa iinkwenkwezi ezingamanyala njengezifundo zayo kwaye sixhaswe ngemali yinkampani yenzuzo izama ukwenza ngokusemthethweni ubuchwephesha bayo obubiza kakhulu ...

XETHA I-EXCERPT: Okubaluleke ngakumbi, asinalo uphando lweelabhoratri malunga neziphathamandla zesondo ngokoqobo kulabo baxela lo bunzima. Ukufundwa kokuqala kweziphathamandla zesondo zobudlelwane phakathi kwebhubhoratri, oluvanya umzekelo wokunyanzeliswa, okwangoku ngaphantsi kokuphononongwa koontanga kwincwadi yezenzululwazi. (Ukubhengezwa: Omnye wabalobi bebakala be-article, uNicole Prause, ngumlobi ohamba phambili waloo sifundo.) UMbutho wezeMpilo wehlabathi kufuneka ulinde ukubona ukuba nayiphi inzululwazi isekela ukuxilongwa kwe-novel ngaphambi kokufaka ingozi kwizigidi zabantu abaphilileyo.

“Asinazo izifundo zelebhu?” Ayikho njalo. Zininzi izifundo zaselabhoratri ezipapashiweyo kwiziphumo ezingamanyala kumbonisi (ezidweliswe kwi Ingqungquthela #9). Okubaluleke ngakumbi, kukho 50 "uphando lwebhubhoratri" ukuvavanya imisebenzi yengqondo kunye nezakhiwo kubasebenzisi bezentlebo kunye nalabo abane-CSB.

Sinawo amakhulu emfundo kubantu abadala Ukudibanisa ukusetyenziswa kobomi bokwenyani bokwenyani kwiziphumo ezahlukeneyo ezingalunganga njengokufumana ulwaneliseko oluphantsi ngokwesondo, uqhawulo-mtshato, ukwahlukana komtshato, ukwahlukana kobudlelwane, amanqanaba asezantsi okuzibophelela, unxibelelwano olungalunganga, isini esincinci, ukungasebenzi kwe-erectile, i-anorgasmia, i-Libido ephantsi, ukulibaziseka , ukugxininisa kubuhlwempu, inkumbulo yokusebenza kobuhlwempu, isizungu, uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo

Ngokufanayo, i izifundo ikwadibanisa ukusetyenziswa kobomi bobugqwetha bokwenyani kwisimo sengqondo esibi, ukungoneliseki okukhulu yimisipha, amanqatha omzimba kunye nokuphakama, uxinzelelo olukhulu, inkxalabo ngesondo, ukonwaba kokuziphatha okusondeleyo, ukwanda kwesithukuthezi ngokwesini, unxibelelwano oluncinci kubo bobabini amaqabane, umbono ophelileyo wabasetyhini ubuchule / isimilo / ubuntu, ukuphulukana nemfesane kubafazi njengamaxhoba odlwengulo, inkolelo enkulu yokuba abantu basetyhini zizinto zesondo, imeko yokuziphatha yesini ephantsi, inkqubela phambili kwezesondo, inkcaso yokunyanzelwa, ukungakhathali kubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo, ukucinga ngabasetyhini njengezinto ezikhoyo ukoneliseka kwamadoda ngokwesondo, ukunamathela okuphezulu kwinkolelo yokuba amandla phezu kwabasetyhini ayanqweneleka, impendulo ephantsi "kwivanilla yesini" inkanuko, isidingo esonyukayo sobutsha kunye nokwahluka…. kunye nokunye okuninzi.

Si kwizifundo ze-270 kwiintsholongwane ingxelo ukuba ukusetyenziswa iPorn ihlobene izinto ezifana buchopho ahlwempuzekileyo, zengqondo sini ngakumbi, ndlongo ngakumbi, nempilo enkenenkene, ulwalamano ahlwempuzekileyo, ulwaneliseko ubomi ephantsi, ukujonga abantu njengezinto, ukwanda ngokwesondo ezinobungozi, ukusetyenziswa ngaphantsi condom, ubundlobongela enkulu ngokwesondo, ixhala phaku , ukunyaniseka okukhulu ngokwesini, ukwaneliseka okungaphantsi kwesondo, i-libido esezantsi, iimeko eziphambili zokuvumela, ukuhlaziywa kweentlalo, ukuziphatha okuphantsi, ukuziphatha okubi ngokobulili, ukuxhatshazwa, ukuxhatshazwa kwezesini, ukuxhathisa, nokuziphatha okubi ukusela, ukulwa, iimpawu ze-ADHD, ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo, ukuvunywa okukhulu kwezesondo zangaphambi komtshato, ukuhlaziywa okuphantsi komtshato, ukukhuthaza ukwamkelwa kwamadoda kunye nokuzibandakanya kwabesifazana, ubuncinane besini, ubukhulu becala lokudlwengula ubuxoki kunye nobuxoki bobuxoki .... kunye nezinye ezininzi.

Ngaba u Prause "oluza kufundiswa" lwee-laboratory lugqithisele iiprogram zeephando ezenziwe kwiminyaka embalwa edluleyo? Akunakwenzeka njengoko sesele sazi kakhulu ngophando lwakhe oluzayo malunga "nokuziphatha okubi ngokwesondo." Bobabini Umdumo kunye nenkampani ebrhwebo ezuze inkxaso-mali olu calulo luye lukhala ngenxa yalo iminyaka.

Ziza kwenza ntoni amaqabane ebhodini? Ngaba isibini siza kujonga iifoto? Nope. Ingaba isifundo sinalo iqela lezilonda zezilwanyana ezingamanyala kunye neqela lolawulo lokuthelekisa? Nope. Le mibuzo ibalulekileyo, ngokuba iPrause isifundo se-EEG esidumileyo bahlupheke ngeendlela eziliqela zokubulala: i-1) i-heterogeneous (abesilisa, amabhinqa, abangenabo abathathu); Izifundo ze-2) ingakhange ihlolwe ingxaki yengqondo okanye izilingo; 3) akukho liqela lolawulo lokuthelekisa; Imibuzo yee-4) ayivumelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana okanye utywala. 5) Uninzi lwezifundo ezibizwa ngokuba yizilwanyana ezingamanyalazi ngokwenene zazingekho izilonda zocwangco. Ngaphandle kwale Prause ayichazanga kakuhle iziphumo zophando, njengoko unjingalwazi wezengqondo uJohn A. Johnson eveza izimvo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo phantsi kodliwanondlebe kaNicole Prause kwi Psychology Namhlanje (amazwana #1, amazwana #2 {https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/comment/542939#comment-542939}).

Ngapha koko, zonke izikhombisi ezikhoyo kukuba izifundo zakhe ezisebenzisanayo aziyi kwenza nantoni na efanelekileyo kweli nqaku nguPrause / Kohut / Klein. Nantsi into esiyaziyo ngalo msebenzi awukapapashwa: U-Prause wagunyaziswa yinkampani yase-California ukuba iwebhusayithi yakhe idwelise njengeyona mithombo iphambili yengeniso, Ukucamngca nge-Orgasmic (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-'OM' kunye ne-'OneTaste '), ukuze kufundwe izibonelelo zokubethwa. . Ukusuka kwiwebhusayithi yePrause's Liberos:

Iziphumo ze-Neurological kunye nezibonelelo zezempilo zokucamngca nge-orgasmic ”Umphandi oyiNtloko, iindleko ngqo: $350,000, Ixesha: Iminyaka emi-2, Isiseko se-OneTaste, abaSebenzisi: UGreg Siegle, Ph.D.

I-OneTaste ibiza intlawulo ephezulu yokuya kwiindibano zocweyo apho abathathi-nxaxheba bafunda "ukucamngca nge-orgasmic" (indlela yokubetha indawo yamanina). Eli shishini lisandula ukufumana into engathandekiyo, ityhila ukwazisa (kwaye ngoku iyenzeka iphandwe yi-FBI). Nazi izinto zeendaba:

Inkampani ye-OM / OneTaste iceba ukusebenzisa i-Prause yezifundo eziza kuza "ukukhawulela" ukuthengiswa kwazo ukuya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo. Ngokutsho kwinqaku leBloomberg Icandelo eliMnyama le-Orgasmic Meditation Company,

I-CEO entsha inokubethelwa ukuba u-OneTaste ufundiswe ngemali kwi-health benefits ye-OM, efunyenwe ngongoma-misebenzi ye-130 yezibini ze-strokers kunye ne-strokees, iya kubamba izihlwele ezitsha. Ukukhokelwa ngabaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yasePittsburgh, i isifundo Kulindeleke ukuba unikezele yokuqala yamaphepha amaninzi kamva kulo nyaka. "Inzululwazi ephumayo ukubuyela emuva ukuba yintoni na kwaye zeziphi iingenelo ziya kuba zikhulu ngokukhawuleza," uVan Vleck uthi

Nokuba yeyiphi na into yokuba ishishini likaPrause lokwenza uphando lijongana ne-clitoral stroking, yena sele ecacisa (njengalapha) okanye ebanga ngokuphandle (kwenye indawoukuba ayisebenzi i-ICD-11 entsha "yokunyanzelwa kokuziphatha ngokwesondo" (CSBD). (Njengokuba iziphumo zakhe ezichaseneyo zitshatshele kwizifundo zakhe zango-2013 nango-2015 zombini ngandlela-thile i-debunked drug addiction.) Ngamafutshane, naluphina uphando olwenziwe ngulo lulwazi, unokuthi uthabathe uya kuthi uya kukhankanya ukuxhatshazwa koonobumba kunye noxhatshazo ngokwesini, kunye ne-CSBD entsha eya kusetyenziswa ukuxilonga kokubili!

Ngokuqinisekileyo, uPromuse wafumana phi izifundo ngenxa yophando lwakhe lwe-clitoral-stroking? Ngokutsho kwee-tweets ngumenzi omdala, u-Prause wathola abenzi bezithombe zoononongo njengezifundo zezifundo ze-OM, ngokusebenzisa ingalo enamandla kunazo zonke ye-pornography, i Ulungelelaniso lweNtetho yeNtetho. Khangela le ntsebenziswano ye-Twitter phakathi kwePrause kunye nomdlali omdala, Ruby i Big Rubousky, nguba ni u umongameli we-Adult Performers Actors Guild (Umthetheleli uyicimile le ntambo)

Umdumo uphendula kwi-tweet kaRuby ethi umntu anokuba likhoboka le-porn

Incoko iyaqhubeka:

Udumo lukhawuleza ukumangalela abanye ngeengxabano ngaphandle kokunika ubungqina obunzima nantoni na, kodwa u-OM wakhe uphando ngumzekelo onamandla wokubambisana: ukuthatha amakhulu amawaka eedola ukuba athole inzuzo yezinto ezinokubakhoxisa, ezenziwa ngokuthengisa ... kwaye mhlawumbi ukufumana izifundo ngokusebenzisa ingalo enamandla kakhulu yokubambisa imboni yezobisi. Yonke ixesha ngokufanelekileyo ukukhonza imboni yezobisi ngoku kwakhona ukufuna ukuba lo uphando luphazamise uvavanyo olutsha lwe-CSBD oluya kusetyenziselwa abo babandezeleka ngokuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo (ngaphezu kwe-80% yabo ingxelo yengxaki nge-intanethi yokusetyenziswa kweefayili).

Komnye ungquzulwano olunxulumene ne-OM olunomdla, uMlawuli wePrause kunye ne-OneTaste u-Nicole Daedone uhlawulise ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,900 yeedola ngomntu ngamnye kwindibano yeentsuku ezi-3 ebizwa ngokuba yi "Flow & Orgasm." NjengoPrause, uNicole Daedone unembali ende yokuziphatha okungathandabuzekiyo. Isicatshulwa kwinqaku Icandelo eliMnyama le-Orgasmic Meditation Company udwebe umfanekiso obunzima:

Kwiprofayili yayo ye-2009, i Maxesha Wacaphula amalungu angaphambili esithi uDaedone, owayesakuba yi-CEO ye-OneTaste, "wayenamandla afana neecawa kubalandeli bakhe" kwaye "ngamanye amaxesha wayecebisa ngamandla ukuba ngubani omele athandane nomntu athandana naye."

Umasifundisane weeyuppies angahlelwa njengongqubano lokuntywila kwimidla kaGqirha uPrause: Uhlawulwa kuqala amawaka aliqela "ukungqina" izibonelelo ezingenakubalwa zokuCamngca nge-Orgasmic, emva koko ahlawulwe kwakhona ngokuzisa i-OM yakhe eshukumisa umhlaba ukufunyanwa kubudala obutsha obubizayo kunye ne-CEO ye-OneTaste esele imhlawule ukuba enze ngokusemthethweni i-OM. Isangqa sobomi.

Igig enkulu yePrause. Nangona kunjalo, oku kubuza ukungathandabuzeki kwayo nayiphi na ingxelo echaziweyo evela kwizifundo ze-OM zePrause. Kuya kufuneka sibuze: Zingaqhutywa njani izifundo zikaPrause ze-OM hayi uthatha icala? Le meko ayihlukanga ku-Eli Lilly ukuhlawula umphandi ukuba "afunde" izibonelelo zeProzac, emva koko ahlawule kwaleyo mphengululi inkulu imali ukuze abonise ngeProzac kwiinkomfa zonyango.

Ingcinga enye ku “Debunking "Kutheni Sisaxhalabele Ngokujonga Ukugqithwa?" (NguMarty Klein, Taylor Kohut, noNicole Prause)"

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