Zithunzi Zolaula (2018)

Tsambali iligawidwa mu magawo awiri:

1) Maphunziro omwe amapereka chithandizo pa zolaula zolaula, zolaula zomwe zimayambitsa kugonana, ndi zotsatira zoipa zambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zolaula.
2) Zolinga zamaphunziro okayikitsa & osokeretsa; debunking zidutswa zabodza

CHIGAWO 1: Chithandizo cha zizolowezi zolaula, zovuta zogonana zomwe zimayambitsa zolaula, ndi zovuta zambiri zomwe zimadza chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zolaula.

Kugonjetsedwa kwa umboni kumasonyeza mwa njira imodzi yokha:

Choyamba tili ndi mndandanda wa maphunziro omwe amapereka chithandizo cha zomwe adanena ndi YBOP. (Onani Kafukufuku Wokayikitsa & Osokeretsa kwa mapepala omwe amafalitsidwa kwambiri omwe sali omwe amadziwika kuti ali.):

Kugonana ndi kugonana / kugonana? Tsambali likulemba Zotsatira za 42 za sayansi (MRI, fMRI, EEG, matenda opatsirana pogonana, mahomoni). Amapereka chithandizo cholimba cha mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo pamene zofukufuku zawo zimagwirizanitsa zochitika za m'maganizo zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu maphunziro osokoneza bongo.
Malingaliro enieni a akatswiri okhudzana ndi zolaula / kugonana? Mndandanda uwu uli Ndemanga za 21 zaposachedwa & ndemanga ndi ena mwa apamwamba a sayansi ya sayansi padziko lapansi. Zonse zothandizira mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Zizindikiro za kuledzera ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri? Zofufuza za 35 zofukufuku zomwe zikupezeka zikugwirizana ndi kukula kwa zolaula (kulekerera), chizoloŵezi choonera zolaula, komanso ngakhale kusiya (zizindikiro zonse ndi zizindikiro zosokoneza bongo).
Kodi munthu amadziwa bwanji? Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse, Mayiko Akumayiko Onse a Matenda (ICD-11), ali ndi matenda atsopano woyenera kuchita zachiwerewere: "Kusokoneza Magwiridwe Ogonana. "
Kulingalira mfundo yosalimbikitsidwa yolankhulidwa yakuti "chilakolako chachikulu cha kugonana" akufotokozera zolaula kapena chizolowezi chogonana: Kafukufuku wa 25 amapusitsa kunena kuti kugonana & zolaula "amangokhala ndi chilakolako chofuna kugonana"
Zolaula ndi zogonana? Mndandandawu uli ndi maphunziro a 30 omwe akugwirizanitsa ntchito zolaula / zolaula ku mavuto a kugonana ndi kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana. The Zotsatira za 6 zoyambirira mumndandanda ukuwonetsa zovuta, pamene ophunzira adasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula ndikuchiza matenda opatsirana pogonana.
Zotsatira za zovuta pazoyanjana? Kufufuza kwa 60 kumagwirizanitsa zolaula kumagwiritsira ntchito kugonana kosachepera komanso kukhutira ndi chibwenzi. Monga momwe ife tikudziwira onse Kafukufuku wokhudza amuna adanena za kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula zambiri zogwirizana osauka kugonana kapena kukondana.
Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi kumakhudza bwanji maganizo ndi maganizo? Pazofufuza za 60 zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zolaula zimagwiritsa ntchito thanzi lawo lamaganizidwe am'maganizo & zotsatira zosazindikira zamavuto.
Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi kumakhudza bwanji zikhulupiliro, malingaliro ndi makhalidwe? Onani maphunziro aumwini - Phunziro la 25 limagwirizanitsa zolaula zimagwiritsira ntchito "maganizo osagwirizana" kwa amayi ndi malingaliro ogonana - kapena chidule cha mndandanda wa 2016: Media ndi Sexualization: Boma la Kafukufuku Wofufuza, 1995-2015. Chidule:

Cholinga cha ndemangayi chinali kupanga zofufuza zoyenera za zotsatira zoyezetsa zolaula. Cholinga chake chinali pa kafukufuku wofalitsidwa m'mabuku a chinenero cha Chingerezi pakati pa 1995 ndi 2015. Zonse za 109 zolemba zomwe zili ndi maphunziro a 135 zinayankhidwa. Zomwe anapezazi zinapereka umboni wosatsutsika wakuti ma laboratory komanso maulendo onse, zomwe zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku, zimakhudzana ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa kusakhutira thupi, kudzikonda kwambiri, kuthandizidwa kwambiri ndi zikhulupiliro za kugonana komanso zikhulupiliro zokhudzana ndi kugonana, komanso Kulekerera kwambiri chiwawa chogonana kwa amayi. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kufotokozera mwachidziwitso ku zinthu izi kumapangitsa amayi ndi abambo kukhala ndi lingaliro lochepa la luso la amai, chikhalidwe, ndi umunthu.

Nanga bwanji za chiwerewere ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula? Kufufuza kwina: Meta-Kuonongeka kwa Kuonera Zolaula Ntchito ndi Zoona Zochitika Zachiwerewere mu Zophunzira Zambiri za Anthu (2015). Chidule:

Maphunziro a 22 ochokera ku mayiko osiyanasiyana a 7 adasanthuledwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiwawa cha kugonana ku United States ndi padziko lonse, pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, komanso m'maphunziro osiyana siyana. Mabungwe anali amphamvu kwambiri pa mawu kuposa kugonana kwachiwerewere, ngakhale onse awiri anali ofunika. Zotsatira zake zimasonyeza kuti zachiwawa zingakhale zovuta kwambiri.

"Koma kodi zolaula sizigwiritsa ntchito chiwerengero chogwirira kugwiriridwa?" Ayi, zaka zambiri zapitazo chiwerengero cha kugwiririra chawonjezeka: "Kuchuluka kwa chiwongoladzanja kumawonjezeka, choncho samanyalanyaza zofalitsa zowonongeka. "

Bwanji za kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula ndi achinyamata? Onani mndandanda wa pa maphunziro a achinyamata a 230, kapena kupenda kwa 2012 kafukufuku - Zotsatira za Zithunzi Zolaula pa Intaneti pa Achinyamata: Kupenda kafukufuku (2012). Kuchokera pamapeto pake:

Kuwonjezeka kwa intaneti kwa achinyamata kumapanga mwayi wapadera wa maphunziro a kugonana, kuphunzira, ndi kukula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, zoopsa zomwe zimachitika m'mabukuzi zachititsa akatswiri kufufuza achinyamata kuti aziona zolaula pa Intaneti kuti athetse ubale umenewu. Zonsezi, kafukufukuyu akusonyeza kuti achinyamata omwe amadya zolaula angakhale ndi zikhulupiliro zolakwika zogonana. Zina mwazofukufuku, machitidwe apamwamba a chilolezo chogonana, kugonana, ndi kuyesedwa koyambirira kwa kugonana zakhala zikugwirizana ndi zolaula zambiri zomwe zimachitika .... Komabe, kufufuza kosasintha kwakhala kukugwirizana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zithunzi zolaula zomwe achinyamata akuwonetsa zachiwawa ndi ziŵerengero zambiri za khalidwe lachiwerewere. Mabukuwa amasonyeza kusagwirizana pakati pa achinyamata ndi zozizwitsa. Atsikana amanena kuti amadziona kuti ndi otsika kwambiri kwa amayi omwe amawawona pa zolaula, pamene anyamata amawopa kuti sangakhale ngati olimba kapena okhoza kuchita monga amuna omwe akuwonetsedwa. Achinyamata amakhalanso akunena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kunachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kudzidalira kwawo komanso chitukuko chawo. Kuwonjezera apo, kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula, makamaka zomwe zimapezeka pa intaneti, amakhala ndi mgwirizano wocheperapo, kuwonjezeka kwa makhalidwe, makhalidwe apamwamba a chiwerewere, zizindikiro zachisoni, komanso kuchepetsa kugwirizana ndi osowa.

Kodi maphunziro onse si correlative? Ayi: Pa maphunziro a 75 akuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti & kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula kuchititsa zotsatira zoyipa & zizindikilo, ndikusintha kwa ubongo.

Zambiri pazoledzeretsa

Kumvetsetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kumatanthauza kumvetsetsa njira zosokoneza bongo. Zidole zonse zimabera mitsempha yomweyo, yomwe imagwira pamankhwala amodzimodzi Zina mapulaneti a neural ndi mankhwala omwe amasiyana pakati pa zizolowezi zoledzeretsa).

Kafukufuku waposachedwapa amasonyeza kuti kumwa mowakuledzera kwa zakudya , kutchova njuga, masewera a kanema, Kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti ndi zolaula) ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimakhala zambiri zofanana njira zofunikira kutsogolera ku kusonkhanitsa zosintha zogawana mu anatomy ubongo ndi chemistry.

Izi sizosadabwitsa ngati mankhwala akhoza kungowonjezera kapena kulepheretsa kuti thupi liripo. Njira yeniyeni yomwe mankhwala amasinthira ntchito yamagulu amatchedwa "njira yogwirira ntchito". Mankhwala onse ndi makhalidwe omwe angayambitse kuledzera amagwira ntchito imodzi yofunika kwambiri: kukwera kwa dopamine mu nucleus accumbens (nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mphoto). Malingana ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi, zotsutsana za chizoloŵezi chogonana ndizosavomerezeka ndi zosakhalitsa (ndipo palibe kafukufuku adakalipusitsa njira yowononga zolaula). Ndemanga zaposachedwa pamabuku & ndemanga zimathandizira izi:

Kodi Zithunzi Zolaula za pa Intaneti Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ogonana? Kubwereza ndi Zipatala zapadera (2016) - Kufufuza kwakukulu kwa mabuku okhudzana ndi zolaula zomwe zimayambitsa zolaula. Kuphatikiza madotolo apamadzi aku US ndi Gary Wilson, kuwunikaku kumapereka zidziwitso zaposachedwa kwambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwuka kwakukulu pamavuto achichepere achichepere. Imawunikiranso maphunziro amitsempha okhudzana ndi zolaula komanso zolaula kudzera pa intaneti. Madotolo amapereka malipoti azachipatala a 3 azamuna omwe adayamba zolaula zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zogonana. Pepala lachiwiri la 2016 lolembedwa ndi Gary Wilson limafotokoza zakufunika kophunzirira zomwe zolaula zimachitika chifukwa chopewa zolaula: Kuthana ndi Mavuto Osavuta Kwambiri Kuonera Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito Kuulula Zotsatira Zake (2016).
Onani pepala ili la 2015 ndi madokotala awiri: Kulimbana ndi Kugonana monga Matenda: Umboni Wowunika, Kuzindikira, ndi Kuyankha kwa Otsutsa (2015), zomwe zimapereka chati kuchokera zomwe zimatengera zifukwa zenizeni ndikupereka ndemanga zomwe zimatsutsana nazo.
Kuti muwone bwinobwino zolemba zokhudzana ndi matenda a ubongo zokhudzana ndi machitidwe ozunguza bongo pa intaneti, ndikuganizira kwambiri za chizoloŵezi cha zolaula pa intaneti, onani - Katswiri wa sayansi ya zithunzi zolaula pa intaneti: Kukonzanso ndi Kuonjezera (2015). Kuwongosoledwanso kumatsutsanso mitu iwiri yapitayi-kutenga maphunziro a EEG omwe amatanthauza kukhala ndi "kuonongeka ndi zolaula. (Onani tsamba ili pofufuza ndi kufufuza maphunziro okayikitsa ndi osocheretsa)
Kugonana kwa pa Intaneti (2015) Zowonjezera: M'nkhani zam'mbuyo zatsopano, kugwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti pa Intaneti kumatengedwa ngati mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kafukufuku wina wamakono akufufuzira kufanana pakati pa kugwiritsira ntchito machitidwe a cybersex ndi zizoloŵezi zina za makhalidwe, monga Internet Gaming Disorder. Kukonzekera-kukwaniritsa ndi kukhumba kumaonedwa kuti kumachita mbali yaikulu pa kugonana kwa kugonana ndi kugonana. Maphunziro a Neuroimaging amachirikiza kuganiza kwa zochitika zogwirizana pakati pa kugonana kwa ma cybersex ndi zina zoledzera komanso kukhala wodalirika.
Phunziro lalifupi - Nthenda ya Neurobiology ya Kugonana Kwachinyengo: Sayansi Yoyambira (2016) - zomwe zinamaliza: "Chifukwa cha zofanana pakati pa CSB ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, njira zowonjezereka zowonjezereka zingakhale ndi lonjezo kwa CSB, motero zimapereka chidziwitso ku kafukufuku wamtsogolo kuti akafufuze zomwe zingatheke mwachindunji. "
Kupenda kwa 2016 za khalidwe lochita zachiwerewere (CSB) - Kodi khalidwe loyenera la kugonana liyenera kuonedwa kuti ndiloledwetsa? (2016) - anamaliza kuti: "Zikuphatikizana zilipo pakati pa CSB ndi matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. Machitidwe omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asagwiritse ntchito matendawa amathandizira CSB ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, ndipo kafukufuku wam'tsogolo watsopano akuwonetsa kufanana komwe kumakhudzana ndi chilakolako ndi kukonda. " Zindikirani: ambiri mwa sayansi yotsimikizira kuti kuli "kugwiritsira ntchito chiwerewere" kumachokera ku maphunziro a ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula, osati oledzera. Kusokoneza chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti ndi chizolowezi chogonana kumachepetsa pepala.
Mchitidwe Wogonana Wosakakamizidwa Monga Khalidwe Lodalirika: Zotsatira za intaneti ndi Mavuto Ena (2016). Zowonjezera: "Kulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu kumafunika pa zida za intaneti monga izi zingathandize kuti anthu azigonana.” ndi “Umboni wa zachipatala kuchokera kwa omwe amathandiza ndi kuchitira anthu oterewa ayenera kupatsidwa ulemu waukulu ndi gulu la maganizo. "
Ngakhale kuti mawu oti "kugonana" akuyenera kutayidwa, izi ndizosankhidwa bwino kwambiri ndi Max Planck neuroscientists Mavuto Okhudza Kusayirira Maganizo (2016). Chidule: "Kuphatikizidwa pamodzi, zikuoneka kuti umboniwu umatanthauza kuti kusintha kwapadera, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, septum, ndi ubongo zomwe zimapanga mphoto zimathandiza kwambiri pa chiwerewere. Kafukufuku wa mafupa ndi njira za njira zachipatala zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa zimasonyeza kuti dopaminergic imagwira ntchito."
Kufufuzira momveka bwino m'madzi a matope: Zotsatira zamtsogolo zotsatsa khalidwe lachiwerewere ngati choledzeretsa (2016) - Zolemba: Posachedwapa tafufuza umboni wosiyanitsa khalidwe lachiwerewere (CSB) monga chizoloŵezi chosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kupenda kwathu kunapeza kuti CSB inagwirizana ndi matenda, neurobiological ndi zozizwitsa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi vuto la kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. Ngakhale kuti American Psychiatric Association inakana matenda a hypersexual kuchokera ku DSM-5, matenda a CSB (kugonana kwambiri) akhoza kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ICD-10. CSB ikuganiziranso ndi ICD-11.
Kuphatikiza mfundo za maganizo ndi zokhudzana ndi ubongo zokhudzana ndi chitukuko ndi kukonzanso mavuto ena ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti: Kuyanjanitsa kwa Munthu-Kuzindikira-Kutengera chitsanzo (2016) - Kuwunika njira zothandizira ndikukonzekera mavuto ena ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti, kuphatikizapo "Internet-pornography-viewing disorder". Olemba amanena kuti kuonera zolaula (ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mowa mwauchidakwa) kumatchulidwa ngati vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndikuikidwa ndi zizoloŵezi zina zowonongeka pogwiritsa ntchito matenda osokoneza bongo.
Kugonana kwachiwerewere chaputala kuchokera ku Neurobiology of Addictions, Oxford Press (2016) - Ndemanga: Timayang'anitsitsa chifukwa cha chizoloŵezi cha ubongo, kuphatikizapo chizoloŵezi chachilengedwe kapena kukakamizidwa, ndikukambirana momwe izi zikukhudzira kumvetsa kwathu tsopano za kugonana monga mphotho yachilengedwe yomwe ingakhale yogwira ntchito "yosamvetseka" pamoyo wa munthu.
Katswiri wa Sayansi Akuyandikira Kuonera Zolaula pa Intaneti (2017) - Ndemanga: Zaka makumi awiri zapitazo, maphunziro angapo omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu a sayansi, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti afufuze zithunzi za zithunzi zolaula pansi pa zochitika zowonongeka ndipo zithunzi zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa cha zotsatira zammbuyo, kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula mochuluka kungagwirizane ndi njira zodziŵika bwino za sayansi ya ubongo zomwe zimayambitsa kulumikiza kwa mankhwala oledzera.
Kodi kugonana koopsa kwambiri ndi matenda osokoneza bongo? (2017) - Zolemba: Kafufuzidwe ka matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azichita zachiwerewere amachititsa kuti anthu asamangokhalira kugonana, athandizidwe, komanso kuti asinthe maganizo awo.. Timakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero cha matenda okhudzana ndi kugonana monga matenda ozunguza bongo akugwirizana ndi deta yam'tsogolo ndipo akhoza kuthandiza madokotala, ochita kafukufuku, komanso anthu omwe akuvutika ndi matendawa.
Umboni wa Pudding Ndi Wotsekemera: Deta Ndizofunika Kuyesera Zitsanzo ndi Malingaliro Okhudzana ndi Kugonana Kwachinyengo (2018) - Zolemba: Zina mwa maudindo omwe angasonyeze kuti kufanana pakati pa CSB ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndi maphunziro okhudza ubongo, ndi maphunziro angapo aposachedwapa omwe sanathenso ndi Walton et al. (2017). Kafukufuku woyambirira nthawi zambiri amayesa CSB pokhudzana ndi mitundu ya zosokoneza bongo (zowunikidwa ku Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016b; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016b).
Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro, magawo, chithandizo, ndi ndondomeko za ndondomeko Ndemanga pa: Kukhumudwa kwa khalidwe la kugonana mu ICD-11 (Kraus et al., 2018) - Zolemba: Zomwe zikuchitika pakusintha matenda a CSB monga vuto lakutetezera ndizovuta monga zitsanzo zina zomwe zasankhidwa (Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013). Pali deta yosonyeza kuti CSB imagawana zinthu zambiri ndi zizolowezi zoledzera (Kraus et al., 2016), kuphatikizapo deta zam'tsogolo zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwonjezereka kwa machitidwe a ubongo okhudzana ndi mphoto poyankhidwa ndi zovuta zowononga (Mtundu, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Voon et al., 2014.
Mchitidwe Wogonana Wosakanikirana ndi Anthu Ndiponso Zitsanzo Zogonana (2018) - Zolemba: Khalidwe lachiwerewere lachiwerewere (CSB) likuwoneka kuti ndi "khalidwe loledzera," ndipo ndilo vuto lalikulu kwa moyo wa umoyo komanso thanzi labwino. Pomalizira, ndemangayi inafotokozera mwachidule maphunziro ndi zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu pa CSB komanso kusokonezeka ndi mavuto ena, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pamodzi, kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti CSB imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kogwiritsidwa ntchito kogwiritsidwa ntchito kogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amygdala, striatum, ndi thalamus, kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa kugwirizana pakati pa amygdala ndi prefrontal cortex.
Mavuto Ogonana pa Intaneti Nthawi (2018) - Ndemanga: Pakati pa zizoloŵezi zoipa, kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti molakwika ndi kuwonetsa zolaula pa Intaneti zimatchulidwa kuti zingakhale zovuta zowononga kugonana, nthawi zambiri popanda malire enieni pakati pa zochitika ziwirizi. Ogwiritsa ntchito pa Intaneti amakopeka ndi zolaula pa intaneti chifukwa cha kudziwika kwake, kukwanitsa, ndi kukwaniritsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kungapangitse owerenga kugwiritsa ntchito chizoloŵezi cha kugonana ndi anthu pa Intaneti: M'mabuku amenewa, ogwiritsa ntchito amaiwala kwambiri "kusintha" kwa kugonana, kupeza chisangalalo chochulukira pa zosankha zofuna kugonana zofuna kugonana kusiyana ndi kugonana.
Njira zokhudzana ndi kugonana mwachisawawa (2018) - Ndemanga: Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wochuluka wokhudzana ndi chiwerewere wakhala akupereka njira zowonongeka zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu azigonana komanso asamadwale. Mchitidwe wogonana mwachinyengo umagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa ntchito m'madera a ubongo ndi magulu okhudzidwa ndi kuwalimbikitsa, kuzoloŵera, kusokoneza maganizo, ndi kupindula mphoto muzochitika ngati zinthu, kutchova juga, ndi zizoloŵezi zosewera. Zigawo zazikulu za ubongo zogwirizana ndi zigawo za CSB zikuphatikizapo ma cortices oyang'anizana ndi am'mbuyo, amygdala, ndi striatum, kuphatikizapo nucleus accumbens.
Kumvetsetsa Kwambiri za Khalidwe Lopanda Nzeru za Kugonana Kwachidakwa ndi Zovuta Zolaula Gwiritsani Ntchito - Ndemanga: Kafukufuku wam'mbuyo posachedwapa wavumbula kuti kugonana kosayenera kumagwirizanitsa ndi kusintha kwa kugonana ndi kusiyana kwa ubongo ndi ntchito. Ngakhale kuti maphunziro ofufuza a khungu la CSBD akhala akuchitidwa mpaka pano, deta yomwe ilipo imasonyeza kuti vuto la nthenda ya sayansi limagwirizana nawo ndi zina zowonjezera monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi kutchova njuga. Motero, deta yomwe ilipo ikusonyeza kuti zigawo zake zingakhale zoyenera monga chizolowezi chogonana m'malo mwa vuto lodziletsa.
Ventral Striatal Kuchita Zowonongeka M'zochita Zogonana Zogonana (2018) - Ndemanga: Pakati pa maphunziro omwe alipo, tinapeza mabuku asanu ndi anayi (Table 1) yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito maginito opanga masomphenya. Zinayi zokha (36-39) adafufuzidwa mosamalitsa kutsata ndondomeko zowonongeka ndi / kapena mphotho ndipo adawonetsa zotsatira zokhudzana ndi ventral striatum activations. Kafukufuku katatu akuwonetsa kuwonjezereka kwa chiwopsezo chogonjetsa kuti chikhale choyambitsa chisokonezo (36-39) kapena kutchula zowonongeka (36-39). Zotsatirazi zikugwirizana ndi Mfundo Yotsitsimula (IST) (28), imodzi mwa machitidwe otchuka kwambiri kufotokozera ubongo kugwira ntchito moledzeretsa.
Kugonjetsa Kwachinyamata pa Intaneti: Zimene Timadziwa ndi Zimene Sitikuzidziwa-Kusanthula Kwambiri (2019) - Ndemanga: Monga momwe tikudziwira, kafukufuku wina wam'mbuyomu akuthandizira gululi kukhala chidakwa ndi mawonetseredwe ofunikira ofunikira monga kusokonezeka kwa kugonana ndi kusakhutira kwa kugonana. Ntchito zambiri zomwe zikupezekapo zimachokera ku kafukufuku wofanana ndi wochitidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro owonetsa zithunzi zolaula monga "supranormal stimulus" mofanana ndi chinthu chenichenicho chomwe, kupyolera mukudya, chingayambitse matenda osokoneza bongo.

Kusintha kwakukulu kwa ubongo anayi kumaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi makhalidwe, monga momwe tafotokozera m'nyuzipepalayi yomwe inalembedwa chaka chino The New England Journal of Medicine: "Kupititsa patsogolo kwa Neurobiologic Kuchokera ku ubongo wa ubongo Mtundu wa Zovuta (2016)". Kubwereza kwakukulu kwa Mtsogoleri wa National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcohol (NIAAA) George F. Koob, ndi mkulu wa National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Nora D. Volkow, sikuti imangotchula kusintha kwa ubongo kumalo osokoneza bongo, imanenanso mu ndime yake yoyamba kuti kugonana kulipo:

"Timaganiza kuti sayansi ya ubongo imapitirizabe kuchirikiza matenda a ubongo. Kafukufuku wa sayansi m'dera lino sikuti amapereka mwayi watsopano wopewa ndi mankhwala oledzeretsa ndi zoledzera zokhudzana ndi khalidwe (mwachitsanzo, ku chakudya, kugonana, ndi njuga) .... "

Mwachidule, komanso motalika kwambiri, mawu omwe amachititsa kuti ubongo ukhale wosinthika ndi: 1) Kusintha, 2) Kusintha, 3) Maulendo osayenerera operewera (chinyengo), 4) Malo osokoneza maganizo osayenerera. Zonse za 4 za kusintha kwa ubongozi zapezeka pakati pa pa maphunziro khumi ndi atatu a 3 a neuroscience ofotokoza ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pafupipafupi & omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula:

Kusintha (cue-reactivity & cravings): Maseketi amaubongo omwe amatenga nawo gawo pakulimbikitsa ndi kufunafuna mphotho amakhala osakhudzidwa ndikukumbukira kapena malingaliro okhudzana ndi chizolowezi chomachita izi. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonjezera "kufuna" kapena kukhumba pamene kukonda kapena zosangalatsa zimachepa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kutsegula kompyuta, kuona pulogalamuyo, kapena kukhala nokha, zimayambitsa zovuta kwambiri kuti musanyalanyaze zolaula. Ena amafotokoza zolaula zowonongeka monga 'kulowa mumtsinje womwe umatha kuthawa: zolaula'. Mwinamwake mumamva kugunda mofulumizitsa, mwamphamvu, ngakhale kunjenjemera, ndi zonse zomwe mungaganize ndikugwiritsira ntchito tsamba lanu lokonda kujambula. Maphunziro okhudzidwa ndi kuwonetsa zochitika kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito-kuyanjanitsa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula / olowerera kugonana: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22.
Kusintha (kuchepa kwamalingaliro a mphotho & kulolerana): Izi zimaphatikizapo kusintha kwakanthawi kwamankhwala ndi kapangidwe kamene kamasiya munthuyo osaganizira zosangalatsa. Kutaya chilakolako nthawi zambiri kumasonyeza kukhala ololera, komwe ndikofunikira kwa mlingo wapamwamba kapena kukakamiza kwakukulu kuti athandize yankho lomwelo. Anthu ena ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula amathera nthawi yochuluka pa intaneti, akuwonjezera nthawi yokambirana, kuyang'ana pamene sakuchita maliseche, kapena kufunafuna vidiyo yangwiro kuthetsa. Kukhalitsa maganizo kungathenso kuwonjezereka kwa mitundu yatsopano, nthawi zina movuta komanso mlendo, kapena ngakhale kusokoneza. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mantha, kudabwa kapena nkhawa zimatha kukweza dopamine ndikuletsa kugonana. Kafukufuku wina amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "chikhalidwe" - zomwe zingaphatikizepo njira zophunzirira kapena njira zowonongeka. Zofukufuku zomwe zimafotokoza kuti anthu akusowa chilakolako kapena chizoloŵezi cha anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula / ogwiritsira ntchito kugonana: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Maulendo osayenerera operewera (kufooketsa mphamvu + ya hyper-reactivity to cues): Kugwira ntchito koyipa koyambirira kwa kotekisi kapena kusintha kwamalumikizidwe pakati pa dongosolo la mphotho ndi preortalal cortex kumapangitsa kuti muchepetse kuwongolera, koma zilakolako zazikulu zogwiritsa ntchito. Maseketi osagwira ntchito amawonetsa ngati kumverera kuti magawo awiri aubongo wanu akuchita nawo nkhondo. Njira zolimbikitsira anthu akufuula 'Inde!' pamene 'ubongo wanu wapamwamba' ukunena kuti, 'Ayi, ayi!' Ngakhale magawo olamulira akulu aubongo wanu ali pofooka njira zomwe amakonda kupambana zimakonda. Zofukufuku zomwe zimapereka ntchito yosauka kwambiri (zosasamala) kapena ntchito yowonongeka kwa anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula / olowerera kugonana: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 1 4, 15.
Kulephera kusokonezeka maganizo (zikhumbo zazikulu & zisonyezo zakudzitchinjiriza): Akatswiri ena osokoneza bongo amawona kusokonezeka kwa nkhawa, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito kosalekeza kumapangitsa kusintha kwamaubongo muubongo, komanso kumakhudzanso mahomoni opsinjika (cortisol ndi adrenaline). Kupanikizika kwa magwiridwe antchito kumabweretsa ngakhale kupsinjika kwakung'ono komwe kumabweretsa kulakalaka ndikuyambiranso chifukwa kumapangitsa njira zamphamvu zolimbikitsira. Kuphatikiza apo, kusiya chizolowezi choyambitsa chizolowezi kumathandizira kupsinjika kwamaubongo komwe kumabweretsa zizindikilo zambiri zomwe zimapezeka pakukonda zonse, kuphatikiza nkhawa, kukhumudwa, kusowa tulo, kukwiya komanso kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe. Pomaliza, kuyankha mopanikizika kwambiri kumalepheretsa preortal cortex ndi magwiridwe antchito, kuphatikizapo kuwongolera mopendekera komanso kuzindikira bwino zotsatira za zomwe timachita. Zofukufuku zomwe zimasonyeza kuti munthu ali ndi vuto losokoneza bongo anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula / kugonana: 1, 2, 3.

Kodi izi ndizobongo zokha zomwe zimasintha? Ayi. Chimodzi mwa zizindikirozi zazikuluzikulu zikuwonetsa zovuta zambiri zokhudzana ndi mowa komanso kusintha kwa mankhwala-Momwe momwe kuthandizira kwa khansara ya khansa sikungasonyeze kusokoneza makompyuta / kusintha kwa mankhwala. Kusintha kwakukulu kwambiri sikungayesedwe mu zitsanzo za anthu chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa magetsi. Komabe, adziwika kuti ndi zinyama.

Phunziro limodzi la ubongo pamwambapa likupezeka:

Ubongo waukulu wa 3 woledzera umasintha: kulimbikitsa, deensitizationndipo chinyengo.
Zithunzi zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zosauka mu deraal striatum).
Zithunzi zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zochitika zochepa zowonjezera mphoto pamene mukuwona mwachidule zithunzi za kugonana.
Kuonera zolaula kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusokoneza maukwati a ma neural pakati pa mphoto ndi oprontal cortex.
Addicts anali ndi ntchito yoyenera kugonana, koma zochepetsetsa ubongo kuti zikhale zovuta (zimayenderana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo).
Kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zolaula kumayesetseratu kuchepetsa kuchepetsa (kusatheka kuchepetsa kukondweretsa). Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha ntchito yogwira ntchito yosauka.
60% ya zolaula zomwe zidawasokoneza mu kafukufuku wina adakumana ndi ED kapena otsika kwambiri ndi anzawo, koma osati ndi zolaula: onse adanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa intaneti kumayambitsa ED / low libido.
Kupititsa patsogolo chisokonezo yofanana ndi ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Amasonyeza kutengeka (mankhwala a DeltaFosb).
Kufuna kwambiri & kulakalaka zolaula, koma osakukondani kwambiri. Izi zikugwirizana ndi mtundu wovomerezeka wa chizolowezi - kulimbikitsana.
Zizoloŵezi zoipa zimakonda kwambiri zachiwerewere koma ubongo wawo umakhala mofulumira kwa zithunzi zachiwerewere. Osatipo kale.
Achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolaula amachitanso chidwi kwambiri ndi zomwe zimachitika m'zipatala.
EEG yapamwamba (P300) imawerengedwa pamene ogwiritsira ntchito zolaula amadziwika ndi zolaula (zomwe zimachitika mu zovuta zina).
Zopanda zofuna kugonana ndi munthu amene akugwirizana ndi chidziwitso chochuluka-kukwaniritsa zolaula.
Zithunzi zolaula zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi maulamuliro apansi a LPP pakuwona mwachidule zithunzi za kugonana: zikuwonetsa chizoloŵezi kapena chilakolako chofuna kugonana.
Majekesi osayenerera a HPA komanso kusintha maulendo a ubongo, omwe amapezeka m'zoledzeretsa za mankhwala osokoneza bongo (komanso amygdala voliyumu, yomwe imayanjananso ndi vuto losokoneza maganizo).
Kusintha kwa Epigenetic pazomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamapanikizidwe komanso kuwonongeke kwambiri.
Kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwa Matenda a Necrosis Factor (TNF) omwe amapezedwanso m'kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuledzeretsa.
Chosowa mu nkhani yamtundu wakuda; kuyanjana kosauka pakati pa mgwirizano wa nthawi ndi zigawo zina zambiri

Umboni wovomerezeka wa "chizoloŵezi choledzera" ndi wodabwitsa

Zisanayambe kusindikizidwa maphunziro a pamwambawa, YBOP inanena kuti chizolowezi chogonana pa intaneti chinali chenichenicho ndipo chimayambitsidwa ndi ubongo womwewo umasintha monga momwe tawonera muzovuta zina. Tinali otsimikiza pazinthu izi chifukwa ziphunzitso zofunikira zimadalira kuti mankhwala samapanga chirichonse chatsopano kapena chosiyana; iwo amangowonjezera kapena kuchepetsa ntchito zomwe zilipo kale. Tili ndi makina osokoneza bongo (mammalian mating / bonding / love circuitry), ndi kubingalira (kusungira kalori, nyengo yosamalidwa). Komanso, kafukufuku wazaka zambiri wakhala akuwonetsa kuti kuledzera ndi chikhalidwe chimodzi, chomwe chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi magulu a zizindikiro, zizindikiro ndi makhalidwe (Mphoto zachilengedwe, Kutsekemera kwa Edzi, Ndiponso Matenda Osagwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala (2011).

Kuphatikiza pa maphunziro a ubongo owonetsa zolaula / ogonana, maphunziro ambiri amasonyeza kugwirizana pakati pa kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula ndi mavuto a kugonana, chiyanjano ndi kusakhutira kwa kugonana, komanso kuchepa kwa ubongo ku zokhudzana ndi kugonana (onani mndandanda wamakono wopitiliza maphunziro). Nthawi zambiri timawona anyamata omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino zovuta zogonana za erectile Bwererani ku thanzi labwino pokhapokha mutapewe zolaula za intaneti. Izi zikusonyeza kuti analibe nkhani zina zomwe zikanakhala zovuta

Maphunziro a ogwiritsa ntchito zolaula pa Intaneti sayenera kudabwa chifukwa choposa 330 + ubongo kafukufuku Onetsetsani kuti "kuwonjezera pa intaneti" kumayambitsa Ubongo womwewo umakhudza ubongo zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Maphunziro mazana ochulukirapo ochuluka omwe amapezeka pa intaneti amayimirira zomwe maphunziro a ubongo adapeza. Onani makonzedwe athu:

athu zonse kusonkhanitsa kwaposachedwapa Maphunziro a Addiction Internet.
Mndandanda wa intaneti & Masewera Amakanema Brain Studies
Maphunziro a Zizolowezi za Intaneti: Zili ndi Zolemba Zambiri Zokhudza Porn
Kafukufuku Wakuwonetsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti & Zithunzi kuchititsa Zizindikiro & Kusintha kwa Ubongo

Kuonera zolaula pa intaneti, masewera a pa intaneti, ndi mafilimu akuwonetseratu kuti ndizosiyana kapena ntchito zogwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti. Munthu akhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi cha zolaula pa Intaneti kapena pa Intaneti, pomwe alibe "chizoloŵezi cha Intaneti", monga momwe tafotokozera Kufufuza kwa 2015 kwa mabukuwa. Phunziro la 2006 la Dutch linapeza kuti kusintha kwa chilengedwe kunali ndi zowonjezereka kwambiri pa ma intaneti onse.

Palibe zodabwitsa. Internet erotica ndi njira yowonongeka ya madalitso achilengedwe omwe tonsefe timayesetsa kuti titsatire: kukwatira kugonana ndi mwayi wooneka bwino. Zovuta zolaula zamasiku ano ndizosiyana ndi "zachilengedwe zowonjezera" monga chakudya cha masiku ano. Onani nkhani yathu Zomwe Zilipo Pakadali pano: Mwalandiridwa ku Maphunziro a Ubongo, ndi nkhani yabwino kwambiri yowonetsedwa ndi anzanu, ndi ndondomeko yamakono yokhudza momwe sayansi yazitsulo imakhudzira kuledzera kwa intaneti: Kugonana kwa zolaula - chotsitsimutsa cha supranormal chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a ubongo (2013).

Mosakayikitsa, ubongo wina ndi wovuta kwambiri kuposa ena kuti mwina akhoza kumangokhalira kukakamizidwa kwambiri. Komabe, zikutheka kuti chikhalidwe chathu chogonana chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri, makamaka chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito omwe angasonyeze zizindikiro zosasamala-ngakhale omwe ali ndi ubongo wathanzi. Komanso mbadwo uliwonse umagwiritsa ntchito zokopa zowonjezera kwambiri kuposa kale, ndipo zimayambanso ndi zithunzi zolaula za pa Intaneti (taganizirani mafoni.) Tsoka, ubongo wa achinyamata ndi osatetezeka kuledzera ndi kugonana.

Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa ubongo amasintha poyankha "zakudya zokoma kwambiri" akuwulula umboni wosokoneza bongo. Ngati njuga, Masewero, Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndi chakudya akhoza kusintha ubongo mwanjira imeneyi, zikanakhala zosangalatsa kukhulupirira kuti zolaula za pa Intaneti zokha zingathe osati. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake Mu 2011, Madokotala a 3000 a American Society for Addiction Medicine (ASAM) anatuluka ndi ndemanga ya anthu Kufotokozera kuti zizoloŵezi zokhudzana ndi khalidwe (kugonana, chakudya, njuga) ndizofanana ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa pambali pa kusintha kwa ubongo. ASAM adati:

"Tonse timakhala ndi mphoto ya ubongo yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale chakudya komanso kugonana. Ndipotu, izi ndizopulumuka. Mu ubongo wathanzi, izi mphotho ziri ndi njira zowonetsera zogonana kapena 'zokwanira.' Kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi chizoloŵezi choyendetsa, maofesiwa amakhala osayenera kotero kuti uthenga kwa munthuyo umakhala 'wochulukirapo,' zomwe zimayambitsa kutsata kwa mphoto ndi / kapena chithandizo mwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndi makhalidwe. "

ASAM mwachindunji yonena za chizolowezi chogonana:

FUNSO: Kutanthauzira kwatsopano kumeneku kumatanthauza kuledzera kumatchova, chakudya, ndi chiwerewere. Kodi ASAM amakhulupiriradi kuti chakudya ndi kugonana ndizovuta?
MAYANKHO: Kutanthauzira kwatsopano kwa ASAM kumapangitsa kuchoka ku kulinganitsa ndi chizoloŵezi chokhalira ndi kudalira kwathunthu, pofotokozera momwe kuledzera kumagwirizananso ndi makhalidwe omwe ali opindulitsa. ... Tsatanetsatane iyi imanena kuti kuledzera ndikumayendetsa ntchito ndi ubongo komanso mmene umoyo wa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli umagwirizanirana ndi momwe zimakhalira ndi ubongo wa anthu omwe alibe chizolowezi choledzera. ... Chakudya ndi khalidwe la kugonana ndikutchova njuga zikhalidwe zingathe kugwirizanitsidwa ndi "kufunafuna malipiro" omwe akufotokozedwa mu ndondomeko yatsopano ya chizoloŵezi.

Ofufuza awiri omwe amadziwika kuti ali ndi chizoloŵezi choledzera, ndi a ASAM, adapereka malingaliro awo zaka zisanachitike tanthauzo latsopano:

Mtsogoleri wa National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Dokotala Nora Volkow, wanena kuti dzina la bungwe lidzasinthidwa kukhala "National Institute for Diseases of Addiction," kuthana ndi zizoloŵezi zamakhalidwe monga kutchova njuga, kudya ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito (Zizoloŵezi Zambiri, Stigma Zochepa).
Wofufuza woledzera, Eric Nestler, ali ndi Q & A iyi webusaitiyi, ma Labs a Nestler.

FUNSO: Kodi kusintha kumeneku kumachitika mwachibadwa mu ubongo wanu popanda kugwidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo?
MAYANKHO: "N'kutheka kuti ubongo womwewo umasintha mu zochitika zina zomwe zimaphatikizapo kudyetsa madalitso achilengedwe, zovuta monga kudya, kutchova njuga, kuledzera, ndi zina zotero."

Koma 'kuledzera' sikudziwika, molondola?

Monga momwe mwamvapo m'mabuku a wailesi, American Psychiatric Association (APA) yakhala ikutambasula mapazi ake kuphatikizapo kugonana kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo / zovuta pa intaneti. Buku Lophatikiza ndi Kuwerenga. Kwenikweni, APA siinayambe kuganizira za "chizoloŵezi cha zolaula pa intaneti" pamagazini yake ya 2013 (DSM-5), m'malo momangokhalira kukambirana "matenda a hypersexual". Cholinga cha ambulera yomaliza yothetsa vuto la kugonana chinalimbikitsidwa kuti adziwe ndi DSM-5's Sexuality Work Group pambuyo pa zaka zambiri. Komabe, mu ola limodzi la khumi ndi chimodzi "chipinda cham'nyumba" gawo (molingana ndi membala wa Work Group), akuluakulu ena a DSM-5 anakana kugonana kwachisawawa, kutchula zifukwa zomwe zafotokozedwa ngati zopanda pake. Mwachitsanzo, DSM-5 inalimbikitsa kupititsa patsogolo intaneti kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Internet Gaming Disorder," pamene akulephera kupitiriza kuphunzira "Internet Addiction Disorder".

Pofuna kukwaniritsa udindo umenewu, DSM-5 inanyalanyaza mbiri yofala ya odwala ndi madokotala awo a zizindikiro, zizindikiro ndi makhalidwe omwe ali okhudzana ndi chizoloŵezi, ndi ndondomeko yovomerezeka ya akatswiri ambiri azachipatala ndi kafukufuku ku American Society of Addiction Medicine. Mbiri yambiri: DSM ili ndi otsutsa otsutsa omwe amatsutsa njira yake yosanyalanyaza chiphunzitso chachipatala ndi kukhazikitsa zizindikiro zake za matenda (m'malo mwa ziphunzitso zamoyo). Izi zimabweretsa zosankha zolakwika, zandale zomwe zimatsutsa zoona. Mwachitsanzo, kamodzi kameneka kanali kolakwika kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha monga matenda a maganizo.

Zisanayambe kusindikizidwa kwa DSM-5 ku 2013, Mtsogoleri wa National Institute of Mental Health Thomas Insel anachenjeza kuti inali nthawi yoti munda wathanzi uleke kusiya kudalira DSM. DSM "Kufooka ndiko kusowa kwake kweniyeni, "Adatero," ndi "Sitingapambane ngati tigwiritsa ntchito magulu a DSM monga "golide wa muyezo. "Iye anawonjezera,"Ndicho chifukwa chake NIMH idzayambiranso kufufuza kwake kutali ndi magulu a DSM. "Mwa kuyankhula kwina, NIMH sichidzagwiritsanso ntchito kafukufuku wogwirizana ndi zomwe zili mu DSM.

Kuyambira buku la DSM-5, mafilimu ochuluka a intaneti ndi masewera a masewera owonetsa masewera, ndi maphunziro ambiri okhudzana ndi kusuta zolaula amapezeka kuti akutsutsa udindo wa DSM-5. Mwachidziwikiratu, ngakhale kuti anthu amamvetsera nkhani za DSM-5, akatswiri omwe amagwira ntchito ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugonana akupitirizabe kupeza mavuto amenewa. Amagwiritsa ntchito Chidziwitso china mu DSM-5 komanso chimodzi cha ICD-10, bungwe la World Health Organization lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, Mitundu Yonse ya Matenda.

Nkhani yaikulu ndi yakuti bungwe la World Health Organization lakonza zolakwika za DSM-5. Mosiyana ndi olemba DSM-5, olemba a ICD-11 amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera matenda atsopano omwe angaphatikizepo omwe ali ndi matenda okhudzana ndi chiwerewere. Nazi pano chilankhulo chomwe chilipo tsopano:

6C92 Chisokonezo cha khalidwe la kugonana amadziwika ndi chizoloŵezi chosalepheretsa kuthetsa chilakolako chogonana, chobwerezabwereza chokhudzana ndi kugonana kapena zolimbikitsa zomwe zimabweretsanso khalidwe la kugonana mobwerezabwereza. Zizindikiro zingaphatikizepo kubwerezabwereza kugonana kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa moyo wa munthu mpaka kufika ponyalanyaza thanzi labwino ndi chisamaliro cha munthu kapena zofuna zina, ntchito ndi maudindo; Zambiri zomwe sizipindula pofuna kuchepetsa khalidwe la kugonana mobwerezabwereza; ndikupitiriza kubwereza chiwerewere ngakhale kuti zotsatira zake sizingakhale zovuta kapena zimakhutira pang'ono kapena ayi. Chizoloŵezi cholephera kuthetsa zofuna zokhudzana ndi kugonana, zokhudzana ndi kugonana ndi zomwe zimachititsa kuti munthu azigonana nthawi zambiri (mwachitsanzo, miyezi ya 6 kapena kuposa), ndipo amachititsa kukhumudwa kapena kuwonongeka kwakukulu payekha, banja, chikhalidwe, maphunziro, ntchito, kapena mbali zina zofunika pakugwira ntchito. Mavuto omwe ali okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe komanso osatsutsa zokhuza kugonana, zolimbikitsana, kapena khalidwe sikokwanira kukwaniritsa zofunikirazi.

Kuti mupeze mbiri yeniyeni ya ICD-11, onani nkhani yatsopanoyi ndi Sosaiti Yopititsa patsogolo Kugonana Kwabwino (SASH): "Kuchita Zogonana Mwakugonjetsa" kwasankhidwa ndi World Health Organization monga Mental Health Disorder. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti maShenanigans ali ndi PhD, Otsutsa malingaliro amatsutsa zabodza kuti apereke umboni wabodza wakuti ICD-11 ya WHO "inakana kugwiritsira ntchito zolaula ndi kuledzera"

CHIGAWO 2: Malingaliro a maphunziro okayikitsa & osokeretsa; debunking zidutswa zabodza